Chapter XXX: Notes From the Zoological Gardens (2)

A word _à propos_ of its name _horridum_, supposed by many to refer to its objectionable qualities. Unfortunately the word ‘horrid’ has almost entirely lost its original signification and become mere slang in English. But when Wiegmann assigned it the name of _Heloderma horridum_ in 1829, ‘horrid’ was understood according to its original meaning, from _horridus_, rough, rugged, etc.; and as this reptile has a remarkable skin, dotted over with little prominences, like knobs or warts (hence its generic name, _Heloderma_, warty skin), there can be but little doubt as to the intention of _horridum_. In a communication to _Knowledge_ (Sept. 29), I ventured to call this the ‘Warty-skinned Lizard,’ in consequence of the confused accounts of it which have appeared in print. There are several other warty-skinned or ‘tuberculous lizards.’ The specific _horridus_, as applied to the South American Crotalus, also signified its terrible or dreadful character, and not the ‘horrid’ which spectators apply indiscriminately to snakes and their blankets.

With the rapid advance of ophiology comes the splendid new home for snakes which will shortly grace our Zoological Gardens; and in taking leave of my readers, I cannot offer them a kinder wish than that their visits there to _observe_ the snakes will be productive to them of as much pleasure as has been mine to describe them.

INDEX.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.

Am., American; Ass., Association; Br., British; co., cobra; Con., Convention; cons., constrictor; cro., crotalus; cy., cyclopædia; C.M.Z.S., Corresponding Member of the Zoological Society; F.Z., Fellow of the Zoological Society; hist., history; nat., natural; N.Y., New York; py., python; Soc., Society; s., snake; ss., snakes; ser., serpent; v., viper; vs., vipers; U.S., United States; z., zoological; Z.G., Zoological Gardens; Trans., Transactions; Proc., Proceedings.

A

‘=Aberfoyle=’ (the barque), sea-ser. seen from, 249.

=Abnormal= development, of teeth, 67;
of sea-sers., 265, _et seq._;
of hair, 302;
two heads, 189.

=Abnormal=, health in captivity, 84, 440, 450, 457, 565;
gestation, 437, 439, _et seq._, 459, 466, 505.

=Academy= of Sciences, Paris, 444.

_Acaltetepon_, the, 590.

‘=Account=, of the Beasts in Virginia’, 280;
of the rattlesnake, 275.

=Acrobats=, 181, 196, 198, 214, _et seq._, 219, 239, 472, _et seq._

=Adaptation=, of organization, 70, 135;
of habits to temperature, 159, _et seq._ (_see_ hibernation);
of coils, 200, 204;
of ribs in progression, 207;
of form, 215.

=Adaptive= development, of head bones, 31, 34;
of spine bones, 70;
of windpipe, 132;
of salivary glands, 342, 350, 537, 557;
of teeth, 348, 350, 364, 408.

=Adipose= tissue, 394.

=Admiralty=, the, report of a sea-ser. to, 255, 259.

=Advance= of Ophiology, 3, 21, 75, 81, 191, 273, 353, 363, 372, 443,
485, 515, _et seq._

=Ælian=, an error traced to, 191.

=Æsculapius=, his remedies, 522.

=Africa=, range of sea-s., 236.

=Air-bladder=, the, 262.

=Air-breathers=, 44, 146, 222, 265.

=Air-tube=, 132, 135, 137, _et seq._ (_see_ glottis, respiration).

‘=Albert= Nyanza’, the, 358.

=Alceste=, Voyage of the, 111, _et seq._

=Alcohol= a popular remedy, 548, _et seq._

=Aldrovandus=, 102;
his work, 272.

=Alexander= the Great, 407 (_see Bucephalus_).

=Alligators=, 43, 261.

=Amazon=, the Jararaca, 421;
Wallace’s ‘Travels in’, _ib._;
anaconda from, 455.

‘=American= Agriculturist’, the, 485.

=American= Ass. for the Advancement of Science, 485, _et seq._, 572;
secretary to, 490.

=American= colonies, the, 284.

‘=American= Naturalist’, the, 93, 151, 308, 310, 450, 485, _et seq._,
490;
editor of, 485 (_see_ Putnam).

=American= sea-ser., 252.

=Ammonia= an approved remedy, 533, 547.

_Amphibia_, the, 46.

=Amsterdam=, py. at, 437.

=Anatomy=, of head, 30;
of jaws, 31, 34;
of the spine, 209;
of the rattlesnake, 275.

‘=Anatomy= of the Vertebrates’, 67, 119, 131, 143, 147, 180, 184, 196,
_et seq._, 212, 336 (_see_ Owen).

‘=Anecdotes= of Serpents’, 216, 523.

‘=Animal= Biography’, 134.

=Animal= kingdom, 51.

‘=Animal= Physiology’, 147, 210 (_see_ Carpenter).

‘=Animal= Physiology’ (Roget’s), 120, 195 (_see_ Roget).

‘=Animal= World’, the, 169.

‘=Animalium= Mexicanum’, 190, 590.

‘=Annales= des Sciences Naturelle’, 78, 91, 442, 444.

=Antennæ= of insects, 118, 120, 126, _et seq._

=Antidotes=, 275;
Fayrer’s definition of, 533;
various reputed ones, _ib._, 534, 539, 547, _et seq._

=Apodal=, ss. are, 206.

=Appendages=, mythical, 101;
caudal, 172, _et seq._;
epidermal, 315;
‘horns’, 320;
crest, 325;
tentacular, 326;
as ‘claws’, _ib._ (_see_ rattle, epidermis).

=Aquatic= ss., 53, 145, 150, 174, 221, 225, _et seq._, 233, _et seq._,
401, 423, 453, 495, 496.

=Arabs= chew herbs, 525.

_Archeopteryx_, 44.

=Aristotle=, his name for reptiles, 45;
bite of s., 96;
marine ss., 244;
vs., 432, _et seq._

_Arius_, the, 489.

=Armadillo=, 413.

=Association=, Am., 485, _et seq._

=Association=, Br., 42.

=Atlantic=, the, 249;
sea-ss. in, 238;
sea-ser., 252.

=Atrophied= limbs, 326.

_Atter_, _ætter_, 479.

‘=Aunt= Judy’s Magazine’, 21, 72, 303, 312, 333, 470.

=Aural=: powers of _anguis fragilis_, 476;
apparatus of ground ss., 527.

=Australia=, s.-hunting in, 167;
sea-s., 236, 246.

‘=Australia=, Snakes of’ (_see_ Krefft).

_Axolotl_, 44.

B

=Bacon=, Lord, quoted, 49, 57;
a poor naturalist, 99.

_Bagrus_, the, 489.

=Baird= of U.S. on the bull-s., 502.

=Baker=, Owen, a sea-ser. seen by, 257, _et seq._

=Baker=, Sir Samuel: v. fangs, 357.

=Balance= of Nature, 17, 57.

=Balfour’s= ‘British India’, 74, 76, 86.

=Balfour’s= ‘Cyclopædia of India’, 86.

=Bancroft=, H. H., ser.-worship, 514.

=Banks=, Sir Joseph, action of ribs, 207;
letter to Waterton, 418.

=Bard= of Avon, the, 97.

=Bartlett=, Mr. A. D., on the sea-ser., 255, 261, _et seq._;
presenting a v., 322;
buying an anaconda, 455.

=Barton=, Benjamin Smith, on the _Cro._, 299.

=Bartram= (Mr., of U.S.): a ‘roaring’ s., 155;
‘cluster of teeth’, 371.

=Bates= (H. W.): a cannibal s., 39;
_Jararaca_, 421.

_Batrachia_, the, 51.

_Battues_ of ss., 286, _et seq._, 289.

=Beal= (J. W., of U.S.): sound of the rattle, 309.

=Beaufort=, Duke of (A.D. 1709), 173.

=Beaumont= and Fletcher, quotation from, 487.

=Beauvoir=, Palisot de, his testimony, 488.

=Bell=, Prof. Thomas, 4;
food of ring-s., 74;
his tame s., 76;
his ‘British Reptiles’, _ib._;
a trustworthy herpetologist, 78;
ss. drink, _ib._, 91;
editor ‘Zoological Journal’, 140;
on _anguis fragilis_, 453;
gestation of _anguis fragilis_, 466;
sloughing of _anguis fragilis_, 481;
the maternal refuge, 493.

=Bellowing= s., 155, _et seq._

=Ben= Jonson, 99.

=Bengal=, Bay of, range of sea-ss., 236.

=Berkeley=; rattlesnake remedies, 538.

=Beverley=, Colonel: a stinging tail, 174;
his ‘History of Virginia’, 281;
a severed head biting, 390.

=Bezoar=, 523.

=Bibron=, 80 (_see_ Duméril).

=Bingley=, a boa feeding, 134.

‘=Blackie=’, 458, _et seq._

=Bladder=, the swim-, 145.

=Blake= (Colonel, of Virginia), a rattlesnake, 284.

=Blanket=, swallowed, 35;
disappointing, 588.

=Blowing=: the, vi. 152;
as ‘puffing’, 148;
like a bull, 155.

=Bluets=, 65.

=Bond=, Rev. H., his testimony, 491.

=Bones=: of the head, 30;
intermaxillary, 31;
of spine, 178, 198, 213;
in _Deirodon_, 67;
of tail, 183;
of ‘claw’, 220 (_see_ jaw, vertebræ, tails, etc.).

=Bonnat=, 228, 383.

=Borneo=, _Crotalidæ_ in, 386.

=Boston=, U.S., sea-ser. off, 251.

=Buffon=, 197;
his era, 383.

=Bourbon=, Isle of, py. incubating in, 444.

=Bournemouth=, lizards at, 164;
a capture, 458.

=Bourrelets=, of the rattle, 304.

=Bowerbank=, a two-headed s., 190.

=Braden=, J. G., Esq.: specimens of rattle, 306.

=Brazil=, tree s. in, 219;
‘Discourse’ of, 271;
names of _Crotalidæ_, 277;
specimens from, 339, 360;
_Jararaca_ in, 396;
‘Travels’ in, 397;
experiments in, 406;
vernaculars of, 419, 423, _et seq._

=Breathing=: irregular, 142, _et seq._;
sometimes partial, 144;
suspension of, 145, 161, 168, 253;
as ‘puffing’, 149, 155 (_see_ hibernation, respiration).

=Bridgewater= Treatise, 120.

=British= Ass., 42.

=British= Guiana, Hist. of, 420.

=British= India (_see_ Günther, Fayrer, Balfour, Nicholson, etc.).

=British= Museum, 19, 131, 291, 377, 405, 418;
Dr. Günther’s catalogue of ss. at, 354.

‘=British= Reptiles’ (Bell’s), 76, 140, 453 (_see_ Bell).

=Brittain=, Mr., evidence of, 504.

=Broderip=, Dr. J., a naturalist, 113;
his works, _ib._;
on the larynx, 135;
quoted by Gosse, 112;
observations by, 134, _et seq._

=Browne=, Sir Thomas: ‘Vulgar Errours’, 171;
a two-headed s., 191;
the maternal refuge, 487.

=Bruton=, Dr. Lauder, 552.

=Buckland=, Frank: his visit to Chelsea, 13;
a ‘flannel sausage’, 36;
the Coronella, 83, 435;
a waggish s., 104;
a mistake of, 115;
sensitiveness of tail, 183;
a sea-s., 238;
a ribbon fish, 250;
sea-ser., 255, _et seq._, 264;
two-headed s., 189;
reserve fangs, 346;
s. eggs, 437;
anaconda, 455;
invited, 464;
obituary notice of ‘Cleo’, 515.

=Bull=-frog, 156.

=Bullen=, George, Esq., of Br. Museum, 19.

=Bulletin=, U.S., Zoological ‘Reports’, 291, 309, 388.

=Burman= coast, sea-ss. range, 238.

=Burrowing= ss., 46, 53, 188, 459, 468.

C

=Caledonia=, New, sea-ss. at, 238.

=Cannibalism=, 37, 182, 199, 401, 562;
sometimes unintentional, 38, 572;
common among the _Elapidæ_, 567, 571.

=Cañons=, ss. in, 162.

=Cantor=, Dr. Theodore, sea-ss. drinking, 82;
quotes Schlegel, 90;
tongue of sea-ss., 125;
sea-ss. asleep, 169;
on pelagic sers., 235;
their poison, 243;
their food, 245;
number of species, 246.

=Cape=, the, sea ser. at, 252, 259.

_Capybara_, the, 229.

=Carbolic= acid, kills ss., 544;
a remedy for the venom, _ib._

=Carinate= scales, 319 (_see_ ‘keel’).

‘=Carolina=, History of’ (_see_ Lawson).

‘=Carolina=, Natural History of’ (_see_ Catesby).

=Carpenter=, Dr., F.R.S., etc., links and transitions in nature, 44;
his opinion of Bacon, 99;
lungs of ss., 143;
hibernation, 165;
length of spine, 210;
insalivation of food, 352;
vegetable protectives, 539.

=Carver=, Jonathan, a ‘blowing’ s., 153;
large swarms of ss., 225;
the maternal refuge, 487.

=Catesby=, Mark: an egg robber, 63;
the ‘blowing v.’, 152;
‘Horn ss.’, 174, 189;
‘water vs.’, 226;
rattle-ss., 284;
‘hog-nosed’ ss., 410;
Indian remedies, 538.

=Catlin=, George, rattlesnake _battues_, 287;
an alarm, 391;
conjugal ss., 502;
Indian superstitions, 509.

=Cats=, their whiskers as feelers, 124;
tenacious of life, 559;
resist venom, _ib._

=Caudal=, eloquence, 155, 179, 311, 587;
appendages, 170, _et seq._ 174 (_see_ tail, rattle, etc.).

=Caverns=, the retreat of ss., 287, 443.

=Caves=, sacred, 509;
abode of ss., 124, 162, 166, 288.

=Centipedes=, legs of, 212.

‘=Ceylon=, History of’ (_see_ Tennant).

=Chalk= epoch, 262.

‘=Challenger=’, voyage of the, 262.

=Chambers=: ‘Anecdotes of Serpents’, 216, 523;
editor of the ‘Journal’, 23;
observations at the Z.G., 217;
the ‘Miscellany’, 523.

=Chancery=, ss. in, 13, 515.

=Chandernagor=, travels in, 444.

=Charas=, Moyse: his work, 273;
he ‘grovels’ for fangs, 359, 372;
experiments on vs., 371;
a ‘nursery’ of fangs, _ib._;
knew of the mobility of fangs, 372.

=Charming=, Sir H. Sloane on, 281;
its origin, 515, _et seq._, 578, 585 (_see_ fascination).

=Charms=, 281;
in s. relics, etc., 509, _et seq._

=Chase=, a, with a s., 214.

=Chased= by a s., 185.

=Chateaubriand’s= descriptions of ss., 153, 175, 197, 307;
the maternal asylum, 487.

_Chelonia_, 51.

=Chelsea=, tame ss. at, 13, 27, 515, 525.

=Chicago=, observations at, 496.

_Chimaphila_, 65.

=Chinese= mythologies, 509.

=Chittagong=, rare beast from, 261.

_Chordæ vocales_, 147.

=Circulation= of blood, 56;
checked by cold, 161;
renewed by warmth, _ib._;
moisture essential to it, 162 (_see_ hibernation, respiration,
etc.).

‘=City= of Baltimore’, the, sea sers. seen from, 249.

=Clarke’s= translation of Der Hoeven’s ‘Handbook of Zoology’, 118.

=Classification=, 50;
at present defective, 51;
five principal groups of ss., 53;
by dentition unsatisfactory, 354, _et seq._;
difficulties occurring in, 413, 421;
Krefft on, 423 (_see_ nomenclature).

=Clayton=, Mr. J., the ‘tayle’ of rattlesnakes, 280.

=Climbing=, 180, _et seq._, 196, 214, _et seq._, 230;
of sea-ss., 238;
of Anguis fragilis, 475, 482.

=Cockburn= _versus_ Mann, 13.

=Coiling=, the, 48;
in constriction, 29, 203;
of tail, 182, 587;
in convolutions, 185;
for a spring, 198;
to substitute hands, 199, _et seq._, 206;
swiftness of, 200;
flexibility of, 218;
of the sea-ser., 257;
of _Heterodon_, 409, 570;
in repose, 447, 587;
of ‘Lizzie’, 472, 478;
of _Natrix_, 569;
of the _Lacertines_, 571 (_see_ constriction);
before striking, 573.

=Cold=; ss. affected by, 143, 159, 165, 584, _et seq._

=Cold-blooded=, 56;
why so, 142, 146, 159 (_see_ hibernation, etc.).

=Colours= of ss., 10;
under excitement, 153, 572;
of tree ss., 219, 386;
of rattlesnakes, 270, 285;
of African vs., 321, 338, _et seq._;
of ‘Bushmaster’, 417, _et seq._, 426;
variable in young ss., 424;
in other ss., _ib._;
after moulting, 508 (_see_ sloughing).

=Combats= between ss., 37, 199, 563.

=Congress= (U.S.), Government Commissions, 199, 376.

=Constriction=, 29, 199, 203, 214, 245;
of young boas, 216, 439, 446;
sometimes feeble, 583.

=Constrictors=, 14, 35, 38, 135, 141, 182, 198, _et seq._, 213,
_et seq._, 258, 336, 438, 446, 454, 583.

=Convention=, a, of ss., 104;
U.S. on ss., 485, 505, 552, 572.

=Cooke=, M. C., ‘Our Reptiles’, 491;
editor ‘Science Gossip’, _ib._;
a herpetologist, _ib._

=Cooper=, W. R., ‘Serpent Myths’, 514.

=Cope=, Professor, of U.S., 386.

=Cotton=, Dr., of Tennessee, his rattlesnake, 298.

=Coues=, Dr. Elliott, of U.S., a combat, 199;
sound of the rattle, 309;
development of rattle, 312;
action of fangs, 362;
cro. fang, 376, _et seq._;
species of cro., 386;
virulence of bite, 390;
pigs not exempt, 394.

=Council= of Z. Soc., 78, 322.

=Cows= sucked by ss., 84, 478.

_Coypu_, 229.

=Cragin=, Mr. F. W., on _Heterodon_, 450.

=Cranberry= swamps, the _Massasauga_, 393.

_Crepitaculum caude_, the, 294.

=Crispe=, Dr. Edwards, F.Z.S., on the œsophagus, 490;
the maternal refuge, _ib._

_Crocodilia_, the, 51, 261.

_Crotalina_, 292.

_Crotalum_, 292.

_Crotchets mobiles_, 353, 362.

=Cruden=, s. poison, 102.

=Cruelty=, 17, 169, 206, 321, 469.

‘=Curiosities= of Natural History’ (_see_ Buckland).

=Cuvier=; his classification, 46;
his ‘boa’, 47;
he distinguished fangs, _ib._;
his era, 90, 383;
quoted by Darwin, 176;
his ‘vs.’, 353;
incubation, 434, 456.

‘=Cyclopædia= of Anatomy’, 118

‘=Cyclopædia= of India’, 86.

‘=Cyclopædia=, the Penny’, 113, 120.

D

=Dahomey=,
ser. deities at, 514;
natives fearless of vs., 523.

=Dalton=, the ‘Bushmaster’, 420.

=Danish= vernaculars, 479.

=Darwin=; complex organisms, 44;
_cro. mutus_, 176;
a living fossil, 244;
the _Platypus_, 263;
survival of the fittest, 267;
on the rattle, 311;
atrophied limbs, 326, 452.

=Daudin=, 353, 383, 488.

=Davidson=, Mr. (R. N.), a sea-ser., 251.

=Davis=’ Lectures at the Z. G., 24, 51, 214, 413 (_see_ Flower,
Huxley, Mivart).

=Dean=, Dr., a sea-ser. seen by, 249.

‘=Deccan= Days’, 517 (_see_ Frere, Miss).

=Deer= kill rattlesnakes, 394.

=Deglutition=; manner of, 30, 111, _et seq._, 132;
facilitated by saliva, 35, 109, 113;
in drinking, 92, _et seq._;
Schlegel on, 362;
watched at the Z. G., 581, _et seq._

=De Kay=; ‘Zoology of N.Y.’, 85.

=Demerara=, ‘Bushmaster’ there, 423.

=Dentition=, 34;
of _Deirodon_, 67, _et seq._;
of sea-ss., 241;
of sea-ser., 266;
various forms of, 342, _et seq._;
distinguishing names in, 347;
illus. of, 349, 355, 356, 360;
not used in classification, 353;
Cuvier’s distinctions, 353;
Günther on, 354;
dentition of _Zamenis_, 137;
of _Xenodons_, 400, 404, 408;
of _Liophis_, 408 (_see_ fangs).

=Der Hoeven=, on the tongue, 118;
on gestation, 435.

=Dermis=, _see_ epidermis, sloughing, etc.

=Desquamation=, 329 (_see_ sloughing).

=Development=; of poison glands, 535;
of fangs, 356 (_see_ fangs, etc.).

=Digestion=;
power of, 36, 69, 352;
assisted by salivary secretions, 352, 557.

_Dinornis_, 43.

_Dinotherium_, 43.

‘=Discourse= of Brazil’, 271.

=Disgorging=, 38;
to facilitate escape, 36, 39, 61;
compulsory, 36, 38;
from terror, 61.

=Dissection=;
of a rattlesnake, 275, _et seq._;
of _Xenodon_, 405.

=Dog-teeth=, 347, 369, 370 (_see_ fang).

=Doubleday=, H., Esq., important evidence, 491.

_Drachen_, 48.

_Dracon_, _ib._

_Dracunculi_, 196.

=Dragon=, 48, 101.

=Drevar=, George, a sea-ser. seen by, 257.

=Drink=, Do ss.? 76, _et seq._

=Drinking=; 76, _et seq._;
frequently, 79, _et seq._, 83;
die without, 89;
milk, 76, 85, 88, _et seq._;
lured by milk, 76, 87;
two methods of, 80;
by suction, _ib._, 92;
by lapping, 89, 93 (_see_ milk).

_Drosera_, 458.

=Drummond=, Lieutenant (R.N.), sea-ser. seen by, 260.

‘=Dublin= University Magazine’, 21, 312, 333.

=Du Chaillu=: ‘whistling’ ss., 154;
his _Wild Life_, 186.

=Dudley=, Paul: on the cro., 281;
a long rattle, 302.

=Duméril=: much quoted, 3;
Professor _d’Erpétologie_, 78;
py. drinking, 80;
on Schlegel, 90;
the tongue, 122, _et seq._;
glottis, 136, 157, 222;
_la languette_, _ib._, 138;
hissing, ‘_soufflement_’, 147, _et seq._, 157;
quotes Linnæus, 161;
absorption of heat, 164;
physical feats of ss., 181;
anaconda, 228;
its spots, 338;
the rattle, 303;
cro. does not hiss, 313;
system of dentition, 347;
species of vs., 374;
_les fossettes_, 384;
tail of _Lachesis_, 387;
species of cro., 388;
the _Jararaca_, 427;
_Python bivitatus_, 444, _et seq._

=Duncan=, Professor Martin, 376, _et seq._

E

=Echidnine=, 534.

=Edentata=, 413.

=Edentulous=, 67, 414.

=Effeldt=, Rudolph; observations of the tongue, 124.

=Egg=: producers, ‘insects’, 43;
covering, 432, 433, 435, _et seq._ (_see_ incubation, oviparous,
ovoviviparous, etc.).

=Eggs= of ss., 78, 431;
produced by pys., 437, 442, _et seq._, 446, 449;
by boas, 449, _et seq._;
by anaconda, 456;
by _anguis fragilis_, 462, _et seq._;
by other ss., 431, 433, 435, 437, 440, _et seq._

=Eggs=; of birds food of ss., 59, 63, 66, 430;
swallowed whole, 60, _et seq._;
sometimes disgorged, 62, 69;
passed entire, 61, 69;
‘sucked’, 70;
food of lizards, 71, 591.

‘=Egypt=, History of’, 96;
sculptures of, 508;
jugglers in, 523;
ser. deities in, 172, 511;
myths of, 514;
charmers, 515, 523;
antidotes in, 525.

=Electric= fluid, 161.

‘=Elementary= Lessons in Physiology’, 121, 303 (_see_ Huxley).

‘=Elsie= Venner’, 301.

=Elwes=, Mr. A. T., artist, 25, 516;
a witness, 185.

=Emblems=, 101, _et seq._, 172, 272, 509, _et seq._, 518.

=Embryo=, 435, 448, 451, 462, 466.

=Emmons=’ ‘Nat. Hist. of N.Y.’, 85.

=Emotions=;
feeble, 56, 159, 161;
expressed by the tail, 177, 179, _et seq._, 183;
by the ribs, 150, 328.

=Encyclopædias=, as books of reference, 90;
perplexing, _ib._, 418;
errors in, 362, 418.

‘=Encyclopædia= of Anatomy;’ the tongue, 118;
incubation, 434.

‘=Encyclopædia= Metropolitana;’ the ‘Bushmaster’, 420.

=Endurance=, powers of, 124, 166, 168, 321, 457, 489.

=Epidermis=; expansile, 30;
scales of, 46, 193, 316;
illustrated, 316;
magnified, 317;
head-shields, 318;
carinated, 319;
‘horns’, 320, 323;
developments of, 325, _et seq._;
casting or sloughing, 329, _et seq._;
the process watched, 333, 481;
health affected by, 329, 337;
patterns of skin, 338, _et seq._, 517;
illustrated, 339, 340.

=Epiglottis=, 132 (_see_ glottis).

=Erie=, Lake, U.S., swarms of water ss., 226;
and of rattlesnakes, 289.

‘=Erpétologie= Générale’ (Suites de Buffon), 80, 122, 136, 147, 157,
161, 164, 181, 223, 305, 313, 384, _et seq._, 427, 444 (_see_
Duméril).

‘=Essai= sur la Physionomie des Serpents’, 35, 77, 182;
translation of, 3, 209, 356, 363 (_see_ Schlegel).

=Essequibo=, rambles in, 419.

=Estivation=, 162.

=Evolution=, 70, 132, 314, 327;
in fangs, 342, 350, 364.

=Ewart=, Dr., his experiments, 552.

=Expansion=: of the throat, 31;
of jaws, _ib._;
of the skin, 30;
of the ribs, 150, 328.

‘=Expedition= to the Zambesi’, 230.

=Expedition=; U.S. Explorations, 162, 291, 376.

=Experiments=; on vs., 273, 281, 321;
on the fangs, 369, _et seq._, 377, _et seq._;
in s. venom, 534, 535, _et seq._;
in antidotes, 537, _et seq._

=Explorations=, U.S., 162, 291, 309.

=Eye= of ss., 285, 328, _et seq._, 337, 350;
watching, 581, _et seq._;
easily injured, 586.

=Eye= covering, 328, _et seq._

F

=Fabulous=; animals, 101;
tongues, 102, 103;
ideas of reptiles, 511.

‘=Fairie= Queen’, the, 486.

=Fangs=; Cuvier’s distinction, 47, 353;
of sea-ss., 241, 266;
early experiments with, 274, 281;
mobility of early, described, 278, 283, 369, _et seq._;
a means of defence, 311, 516;
functional pair, 345, 364, _et seq._;
construction of, 356;
the ‘slit’, involution, 356, 358, 372;
illus. of, 356;
diversities of, 357;
succession of, 346, 350, 363, 372, _et seq._;
action of, 370;
specially described, 377, _et seq._;
a hypodermic syringe, 364, 379;
control of, 375;
fixed and moveable, 362;
reserve or supplementary, 366;
shedding of, _ib._, 376;
exquisite finish, 358;
illus., 349, 355, 356, 360;
fangs of young vs., 360, 361;
of young cos., 361;
of _Xenodons_, 403, 408;
of _Heterodon d’Orbignyi_, 409;
of _Bucephalus_, 407;
of _Ring Hals_, 582.

=Fascination=, Sir Hans Sloane on, 281;
investigated, 527, _et seq._;
conclusions, 531.

=Fat=; abundant in ss., 165;
absorbed during hibernation, _ib._;
an article of commerce, 286;
a remedy, 522, 541;
protective to pigs, 394.

=Fatalists= in India, 22, 511, 513, 540, 555.

=Fayrer=, his _Thanatophidia_, 5, 19;
ss. eat eggs, 62, 63;
swallow them whole, _ib._;
drink milk, 87;
_Echis carinata_, 150;
prehensile tails, 177;
sea-ss., 236;
_Enhydrina_, 238;
illus. of scales, 240;
bite of sea-ss., 241, _et seq._;
sloughing of co., 332;
illus. of dentition, 349, 355, 356;
fangs of young cos., 361;
renewal of fangs, 364;
in vipers, 365;
vibratile fangs, 375;
the _Crotalidæ_, 386;
‘Bushmaster’, 422;
vernaculars of India, 425;
cos. incubating, 442;
maternal affection, 503;
Hindû superstitions, 512;
what an antidote is, 533;
virulence of _Echis_ venom, 537;
of co. venom, 554, _et seq._;
effect of strychnine, 543;
carbolic acid and creosote, 544;
how to deal with the bites, 545, _et seq._;
gift of cos. to the Z. Soc., 563.

=Fear=; a strong feature in ss., 387, 412, 471, 517, 565, 574, 578,
_et seq._;
paralyzing effect of, 529;
causes a bitten victim to succumb, 536, 544, 558.

=Feeding=; mode of, 28, _et seq._, 133, 199, _et seq._, 528 (_see_
Friday, notes from the Z.G.).

=Feeling=; expressed by tail, 155, 158 (_see_ tail);
by the tongue, 126 (_see_ tongue);
by sound, 526;
vibration, _ib._

=Feigning= death, 411, 412.

=Ferguson=, ‘Tree and Serpent Worship’, 513.

=Fernandez=, ‘Animalium Mexicanum’, 190, 279, 590.

=Festivals= to snake deities, 63, 74, 511.

=Fetish= customs and superstitions, 514.

=Fiction=; ss. of, 41, 50, 101;
tongues of, 94, 97, 102.

=Fish=; lizard, 44;
experiments with, 243;
ribbon, 250;
supposed sea-sers., 251, 255, _et seq._;
living at great depths, 262;
carrying their eggs, 489.

=Fissure=, the gular, 328.

=Fistulous= teeth, 280.

=Fitzinger=, 383.

=Flappers=, 255, _et seq._, 267.

=Flattening=; of head, 410;
of body, 215, 216, 217, 411.

=Floods=, ss. carried down by, 230, 231, _et seq._

=Florence=; Redi on vs., 273;
experiments at, _ib._, 275;
Fontana at, 368, 370, 372;
‘knowing physicians’ at, 273, 556;
the ‘Florentine philosopher’, Redi, 555.

=Flower=, Prof., on Armadillos, 413.

=Follicles=, secreting, 384.

=Fontana=, Felix, structure of fangs, 368;
prior observations, 370;
earlier experiments, 274.

=Food=; often declined, 62, 83, 460, 566, 567;
sometimes disgorged (_see_ disgorged, feeding, constriction, Z.G.,
etc.).

=Forbes=, Alexander K., co. guardians, 511.

=Forbes=, F. E., ‘The Dahomeans’, Fetish deities, 514;
natives fearless of vipers, 523.

=Forms=; sectional, of ss., 215;
of scales, 337 (_see_ epidermis, scales, etc.).

=Forsyth=, Mr. D. M., saw a ‘monster’, 255.

=Fosse=; the gular, 328;
nasal, 385, _et seq._ (pit.).

=Fossil= forms, 42, 44;
anomalous, 263;
living ones, 244.

=Fraxinius= Americanus kills rattlesnakes, 541.

=French=, early naturalists, 4, 273, 383.

=Frere=, Miss, ‘Old Deccan Days’, 513, 517.

=Fresh=-water ss., 55, 224, _et seq._

=Friar=, a, of Brazil, 271 (_see_ Purchas).

=Friar=, a, of Portugal, 271.

=Friday=, feeding-day at the Z.G., 38, 94, 138, 585, _et seq._ (_see_
Z.G.).

=Frogs=; food of ss., 28, _et seq._;
gigantic, at sea, 256;
sometimes reappear, 489;
_de profundis_, 504.

=Functions= retarded, 431, 434, _et seq._, 497.

G

=Galileo=, 480.

=Gall= a remedy for bites, 284.

=Gambia=, _Lepidosiren_ of, 244.

=Ganges=, sea-ss. climbing, 239.

=Gape= of ss. wide, 31, 378.

=Gardens=, Zoological, of London, 10, 16, etc. (_see_ Z.G.).

=Garnett=, Richard, Esq., of the Br. M., 25.

=Gastric= juice, 489.

=Gatty=, Mrs. Alfred, 21.

=Gautier=, Prof., his experiments, 556.

‘=Generall= Historie of Virginia’ (John Smith, 1632), Indian beliefs,
272.

‘=Geographical= Distribution of Animals’, A. R. Wallace, 382.

_Geophagus_, the, 489.

=Gesner=, his ‘Historia Animalium’, 102, 272.

=Gestation=; period of uncertain, 431, 434, 457, _et seq._;
depends on temperature, 458, 466.

=Gigantic=; worms, 45;
gooseberry, 254;
developments, 251, 261, 266.

=Gilmore=, Parker, water vs., 227;
‘puff adders’, 501.

=Gill=, Prof., on the maternal refuge, 489.

=Gills= retained through life, 44, 244.

=Glands=, salivary, 35, 109, _et seq._, 113, 350, 352, 536, 556, 560;
of the _Heloderm_, 590.

=Glottis=; position of, 133, 136;
sheath of, 137;
of water ss., 223;
how far extended, 140.

_Glyphodon_, 347.

=Goode=, Prof. Browne, on the maternal refuge, 485, _et seq._, 498,
572.

=Gosse=, Philip H., 5, 9;
in Jamaica, 63, 187;
how ss. drink, 90;
quotes M’Leod, 112;
the tongue, 120;
ss.’ power of springing, 186;
on the sea-ser.], 248;
the ‘Bushmaster’, 419;
_Chilobothrus_, 449, _et seq._;
vegetable antidotes, 525.

=Gossip=, 94, 105, 321, 480, 585.

=Gradations=; in teeth, 342, 348;
in fangs, 350, 360;
in length of jaw, _ib._;
in glands, _ib._;
in venomous secretions, 408.

=Grasshopper=, a ‘reptile’, 43.

=Gray=, Dr. E., 5;
quotes Schlegel, 90;
on the tongue, 118;
species of _cro._[, 291;
ed. of ‘Zoological Miscellany’, 385;
his work, 383, 427;
_Jararaca_, _ib._

=Gray=, Captain David, on the sea-ser., 255, 264.

=Green=, Joseph H., muscles of the larynx, 141.

=Green=, Mr., collector at Bournemouth, 461.

=Greenland=, sea-ser. off, 251.

=Grooved=; scales, 320;
teeth, 225, 347, 356, _et seq._;
of _Heloderm_, 590;
fangs, 348, 361.

=Grosvenor= Gallery, 117.

=Ground=-snakes, 53, 54, 187, _et seq._, 458, 479.

=Grovelling= for fangs, 359, 372, 378.

=Gular=; teeth, 67, _et seq._;
illus. of, 68;
fissure, 328.

=Gullet=; of _Deirodon_, 67, _et seq._;
position of, 133, 415.

=Gunpowder= used for bites, 543, 544, 546.

=Günther=, Dr. Albert, F.R.S., etc., of the Br. M., 5, 24;
deglutition, 30;
Br. M. collection of snakes, 50;
his five groups, 53;
ss. require water, 89;
Schlegel an authority, 90;
abundant saliva, 109;
on the tongue, 118;
vibrating tails, 177;
burrowing forms, 188;
a mistake of Schlegel, 209;
fresh-water ss., 222, 224;
sea-ss., 235, 237, 240;
a semi-pelagic s., 243;
the epidermis, 315;
names of head-shields, 316;
illus. _ib._, 318;
a friend in need, 322;
on dentition, 354;
the _Xenodon_, 400;
a poser, 405;
on the venom, 536.

=Gurney=, Mr. T. H., 491;
the maternal refuge, 492.

H

=Hakluyt’s= voyages, 99, 271, 276.

=Halford=, Prof.: a vain search, 405;
disclaims an ‘antidote’, 533;
his experiments, 547;
explanations, _ib._;
‘On the Condition of Blood from Snake-bite’, 548;
approves of stimulants, 547, 550.

=Halifax=, sea ser. off, 251.

=Hall=, Captain, dissection of rattlesnake, 370.

=Hardwicke’s= ‘Science Gossip’, ed. of, 491;
evidence, 492.

=Harrison=, Captain, R.N., describes a marine animal, 251.

=Harting=, J. E., F.Z.S., etc., 411.

=Hartwig=, Geo., ‘Tropical World’, 418.

=Haynes=, Lieutenant, R.N., describes a gigantic anomaly, 255.

=Hayward=, S., Esq., viper-swallowing evidence, 493.

=Hayward’s Heath=; hibernating ss. found, 166.

=Head=; expansile, 30;
double, 189, _et seq._;
shields of, 315, _et seq._;
illus., 316-18;
forms, 318, 319;
generic characters of, 319, 383, _et seq._, 427;
appendages of, 320 (_see_ horns, etc.).

=Hebrides=, sea-ser. off, 251.

=Hellmann=, 5;
on the tongue, 120.

_Heloderm_, the, 590, _et seq._

=Hernandez=, 271;
double-headed s., 190 (_see_ Fernandez), 279, 591.

=Herpetology=, confusion in, 45;
derivation of, 47.

=Hibernation=; character of, 159;
convenience of, 160;
analogy in vegetation, 161;
renewal of vitality after, 162;
when partial, 163;
when fatal, 165;
fat absorbed during, 165;
in communities, 166;
seasons of, 168;
of sea-ss., 169;
of slow-worms, 461, 468.

=Hindû=; superstitions, 22, 425, 509, 511, _et seq._, 517, 555;
eggs sacred offerings of, 74, 86;
vernaculars, 425;
transliteration, 429.

=Hissing=, 148;
prolonged, 149;
exceptions in, 150, 313;
variations in, 147, 153, _et seq._, 158.

‘=Histoire= Naturelles’ (Daudin), 488.

‘=Historiæ= Rerum’, etc. (Marcgravius), 397.

‘=History= of British Guiana’ (Dalton), 420.

‘=History= of Egypt’ (F. Holt Yates), 96.

‘=History= of Selborne’, 490.

‘=History= of Virginia’ (Col. Beverley, 1722), 174, 281.

=Holbrooke=, Dr. J. E., of the U.S.A., ss. like milk, 86;
on the Bull s., 155;
‘thorn tail s.’, 175;
_battues_ of rattlesnakes, 289;
length of the rattle, 301;
on _Heterodon_, 412.

=Holland=, Mr., keeper at the Reptilium; ss. drink often, 91;
ss. don’t ‘lick’, 110;
ss. sloughing, 334;
bitten, 438;
in danger, 448 (_see_ Z.G.).

=Holmes=, Oliver Wendell, ‘Elsie Venner’, a tradition, 301.

_Holodontes_, 347.

=Home=, Sir Everard; action of ribs, 207;
the scutæ, 213, 217.

=Hood=, the, of co., 31, 327, 517.

=Horns=; of vs., 315;
sloughed, 320;
peculiar action of, 323 (_see_ epidermis).

‘=Horrid=’, 592;
original signification of, _ib._

=Howe=, ‘History of Ohio’, 191;
_battues_ of ss., 289.

=H.R.H.= the Prince of Wales, 22;
co. performances in India, 87.

=Humboldt=, antitoxic plants, 539.

=Hunter=, St. Jno. Dunn, rattlesnake testimony, 488.

=Hutchinson=, Mr. H. F., progression of ss., 216.

=Huxley=, Prof., F.R.S., etc., prehistoric man, 42;
smell and taste, 121;
locomotion of ss., 196;
a beautiful bit of anatomy, 211;
growth of nails, 303;
on evolution, 327;
‘eyelids’ of ss., 329;
teeth, 342;
perfection of fang, 364;
a hypodermic syringe, _ib._

=Hybrids= born at the Gardens, 425, 440.

=Hypodermic syringe=, 364, _et seq._

I

=Ichthyic=, 244.

=Ichthyosauria=, 44.

=Illustrations=; often misleading, 12, 102, 116, 190, 229, 324.

=Illustrators=, responsibility of, 12, 25, etc.

=Imbricated= scales, 317, _et seq._

=Immunity= from venom, 523, 524, 538, _et seq._, 559.

=Inadvertent= intruder, an, 309.

‘=Inchantments=’, 281.

=Incubation= of py., 79, 442, _et seq._, 434;
early known, 441, 443;
mentioned by Aristotle, 441;
of Jamaica boa, 449, _et seq._

=India=; Prince of Wales in, 22, 87;
superstitions of, 22, 511, _et seq._, 517, 555.

=Indian= Ocean; range of sea-ss., 236;
sea-ser. seen in, 256.

‘=Indian= snakes’ (_see_ Nicholson).

=Indian= vernaculars, 425.

=Indians=, N. Am., their traditions, 272, 294, 486, 509;
quick of hearing, 527;
good physicians, 282;
prompt in danger, 391, 544.

=Ingenious= chirurgeons, 268, 272;
taking the lead in science, 273, 274.

=Insalivation= of food, 352 (_see_ glands).

‘=Insects=’, what they were, 43.

=Insensibility= produced by venom, 577, 590.

=Institution=, London, Lectures at (_see_ Huxley, Ruskin).

=Integument=; expansion of, 30;
modifications in, 315, 320, _et seq._;
hood of co., 327;
sloughing, 329;
patterns and colouring, 338, _et seq._ (_see_ epidermis).

=Intermaxillary=, 31.

=Intoxication= counteracted by venom, 548, _et seq._

=Iowa=, the first rattle, 295;
the whiskey cure, 549.

=Ipecacuanha=, an approved medicine, 537.

=Irritability=; of rattlesnakes, 312;
of young ss., 437, 438;
of young slow-worms, 463.

_Isodon_, 347.

_Isodontiens_, 347.

=Italian=, a noble, 278 (_see_ Redi).

J

‘=J. J. A.=’, shoals of sea ss., 238.

=Jamaica=, blind worms in, 187 (_see_ Gosse).

=Japan=, Indian _Crotalidæ_, 386.

=Jardin= des Plantes, Paris, 165.

=Java=, Indian _Crotalidæ_, 386.

=Java= Naja, a double-headed s., 190.

=Jaws=, the; six, 32;
sometimes seven, _ib._;
action of, 34;
how articulated, 30, _et seq._;
widely extensible, 37, 139, 141, 409, 569;
adjustment of, 59, 72, 139;
independent action of, 32, 343;
all furnished with teeth, _ib._;
illus. of, 349, 355.

=Jesse=, 77;
important evidence, 491.

=Johnson= ‘wrot on Brazile’, 277.

=Jones=, Rymer, bulk of ss.’ tongue, 118;
sense of touch, 195, _et seq._, 198;
pliancy of the spine, 196, 212;
on the rattle, 307;
an inadvertence, 308;
ss.’ eyelids, 329;
incubation, 434, 449.

=Jourdan=, 414.

‘=Joynts=’; of the rattle, 280;
of the jaw, 370.

‘=Juyce= of the bag’, 556 (_see_ salivary, etc.).

K

=Kamptee=, snakes at home, 501.

=Kansas=, observations in, 498.

=Keel=-shaped scales, 319;
developed in the _Tropidonoti_, 320;
derivation, 223, 320;
elaborated in viperine, 317, 320, 374, 421, 426;
illus. of, 176, 193, 317.

=Keeper= at the Z.G. in danger, 39, 589 (_see_ Holland, Tyrrell,
Z.G.).

=Kentucky=, rattle from, 296.

=Killing= prey, three ways of, 29 (_see_ Z.G.).

=Kingdom=, animal, 51;
links in, 44, 413.

=Kingsley=, the _Cascobel_, 397;
charm of a discovery, 404.

=Kingston=, a ‘fearful beauty’, 418.

=Kirtland=, Jared, of Ohio, on increase of ss., 57;
describes the _Massasauga_, 292, 393;
cro. named from him, _ib._

=Klein=, 353.

=Kniuet=, Master Anthony, on Brazil, 271.

‘=Knowing= Physicians’, experiments, 273, 556.

=Krefft=, Gerard: ‘drumming’ ss., 154;
hibernating, 162;
s. hunting, 167;
death adder, 172;
climbing ss., 219;
the _Homalopsidæ_, 224;
sea-ss., 235;
their length, 237, 246;
on classification, 416, 423.

=Krishna=, Hindû god, 518.

L

=Lacépède=, 383;
_le rativoro_, 228;
_la rude_, 414.

=Lacerda=, experiments, 416, 557.

_Lacerta agilis_, 458.

=Laidley= worm, the, 117.

=Lamarrepiquot=, M., incubation, 444.

=Landells=, J. H., sea ser. seen by, 257.

=Lapping=, 80, 82, 92, 122;
of lizards, 71, 591;
of _anguis fragilis_, 89.

‘=Larkes=’, how caught, 50.

=Larynx=, the, 132, 133, 135, 222.

‘=Last= Rambles among the Indians’ (Catlin), 289.

=Latreille=, 161, 383.

=Laurenti=, 383.

=Lawson=, 4;
his ‘insects’, 43, 282;
his ‘reptiles’, 43;
an egg merchant, 63, 182;
milk-drinkers, 86;
‘blowing’ vs., 152;
‘thorn tail’ or ‘horn’ s., 172, 173;
dedication of his work, 173;
water-ss., 226;
the poison teeth, 370.

=Leaping=, 183, 198.

=Leathes=, Col., a sea-ser., 252.

‘=Leaves= from the Notebook of a Naturalist’ (W. J. Broderip), 140;
boa feeding, 113.

=Lectures=, the ‘Davis’, 24, 51, 214, 413;
Lond. Inst., 41, 195, 196, 211, 327, 329, 342, 364;
St. George’s Hall, 50, 266.

=Lee=, H., Esq., on the sea ser., 262, _et seq._

‘=Leisure= Hour’, the, on snakes, 115, _et seq._;
illus., 116.

=Lenz=, H. O., 5, 25;
s. drinking, 81, 83, 120, _et seq._;
on the tongue, 123, _et seq._

_Lepidosiren_, the, 44, 263;
ichthyic characters of, 244.

‘=Letters= from Alabama’ (P. H. Gosse), 9.

=Lewarn=, W., sea-ser. seen by, 257.

=Licking=, 83, 110, _et seq._, 117.

‘=Life= among the Indians’ (_see_ Catlin), 391.

‘=Life= in the South’ (Catherine C. Hopley), 6, 64, 156.

‘=Lightning=’, H.M.S., voyages of, 262.

=Lilford=, Lord, an ophiophilist, 20, 567.

=Lincolnshire=, ‘larkes’ in, 50.

=Linnæus=, his systems, 46;
his ‘_colubers_’, 47;
out of date, 90;
temperature of ss., 161;
his successors, 382;
dumb rattlesnake, 387;
_Coluber scaber_, 414;
slow-worms, 452.

=Liverpool=, statements at, 256.

=Livingstone=, egg-eating ss., 66;
ss. come to drink, 82;
a bleating s., 154;
ss. on board, 230.

=Lizards=, 71, 453, 458;
_Zootica_ sheltering her young, 491;
the _Heloderm_, 589.

‘=Lizzie=’, very thirsty, 89, 481;
her achievements, 459, 471, _et seq._;
her wrong names, 471, _et seq._;
illus., 472;
in a knot, 478;
two libels, 480;
climbing, 482.

=Loades=, Mr. Henry (1682), his gift to the R. Soc., 275.

=Lockwood=, Mr., of U.S., pine s. drinking, 93;
mystic coils, 151;
‘blowing’ s., 155.

‘=Lolo=’, a tame snake, 516.

=Loomis=, Rev. Chauncey, Convention on Snakes, 489.

=Lord=, John Keast, 216;
Egyptian jugglers, 523.

=Lovering=, Prof. Jno., President of the Am. Ass., 485.

=Lubbock=, Sir Jno., gift of a _Heloderm_ to Z. Soc., 589.

=Lubrication=, 35, 92, 108, _et seq._

=Lubricity=, 49, _et seq._

_Lycodon_, 347.

M

=Maçeio=, a cannibal s. at, 39.

=Mackeney= on the Am. Indians, 509.

=M’Leod=, his book, 111;
boa feeding, _ib._, _et seq._

=M’Quhæ=, Capt. of H.M.S. Dædalus, official report of a sea-ser., 259.

=Madagascar=, range of sea-ss., 236.

=Madras=, experiments of Dr. Shortt, 390, 550, 552.

=Maine=, U.S.A., Am. Ass. held at Portland (_see_ Convention on
Snakes).

=Malacca=, marine salamander off, 251.

=Malay=, Indian _Crotalidæ_, 386;
antitoxic plants, 539.

=Mammals=, necks of, 211.

=Mann=, Mr., pet snakes, 13, 92, 515, 525.

=Marcgravius=, 272, 276, 397.

=Marine= fauna, 233 (_see_ sea-ss., sea-ser.).

‘=Master= teeth’, 273, 370, 556.

=Maternal=; instincts, 290, 431, _et seq._, 442, 447, 464, 488,
_et seq._;
affection of ss. witnessed, 442, 448, 450, 491, _et seq._, 502, 504.

=Maternal= refuge, 483;
an old belief, 486;
physiologically possible, 489;
examination of evidence, 492;
speculations on, 505.

=Maunder’s= ‘Treasury of Natural History’, 111.

=Maxillary= bone (_see_ jaws, dentition, etc.).

=Maximus= and Minimus, 452, _et seq._

=Mechanism=, ‘curious’, 380 (_see_ spine, fangs).

=Medical= College of London, 275.

‘=Medical= Times’, 87, 547.

=Meham=, member of Am. Con., 489.

‘=Memoirs= of Captivity among the Indians’, 488.

‘=Menina=’, tame boa, 516.

=Merembergius= on Brazil, 277.

=Merrem=, herpetologist, 383.

=Mexican=; vernaculars, 277, _et seq._, 423, 590;
rattle, 296;
illus. of, 306.

=Mexico=, Gulf of, shoals of ss., 231;
ancient temples in, 510;
_Heloderm_ from, 590.

=Michigan=, Mr. Beal on the rattle, 309;
the _Massasauga_ there, 393.

=Milan=, experiments at, 280.

=Milk=, drinkers of, 76, 86;
saved by, 87.

=Mischief=; by the tongue, 94, _et seq._;
by the tail, 171, _et seq._, 187;
by stings, _ib._;
of delay in a bite, 544, 545.

‘=Mischiefs=’, source of, 273, 280, 556.

=Missionary= Travels (Livingstone), 154, _et seq._

=Mississippi=, the, 295, 549.

=Mitchell=, Dr. Weir, of U.S., 5;
his experiments, 291;
vibration of rattle, 312;
replacement of fangs, 364, 375;
capsules of, 378;
rapidity of stroke, 379;
number of species, 388;
expiration, 389;
virulence of bite, 390;
the headless trunk, 391.

=Mivart=, Prof., F.R.S., orders of reptiles, 51, 52;
on classification, 413.

=Moisture=; essential to ss., 162, 166, 224;
to the hatching of eggs, 434, 457.

=Monsters=, 249, 254, 267.

=Monstrosities=, 189, _et seq._, 254, 256, 517.

=Moore=, Mr., his testimony, 255.

=Mouth= of ss. (_see_ jaws, teeth, etc.).

=Movements=, 151, 181, 195, 218, _et seq._ (_see_ coiling,
constriction, swimming).

=Mucous= secretions abundant, 36 (_see_ lubrication, salivation).

=Müntras=, Hindû belief in, 512, 555.

_Muridæ_, the, 229.

_Mus coypus_, 229.

=Muscles=: of the larynx, 141;
of the tail, 180, 182, 183, 587;
in the slow-worm, 472;
of the ribs, 212, 215;
irritability of, 183, 471.

=Muscular= powers of ss., 38, 181, 199, 202, 204.

=Musée= d’Histoire, 443, 444.

=Museum=, Br. (_see_ Br. M.).

=Museum=;
of Paris, 78, 165;
Australian, 246;
of the R.C.S., 24, 408;
of Washington, 488.

=Music=, ss.’ love of, 525, _et seq._

_Myopotamus_, the, 229.

=Mythology=, ancient serpent symbols, 508.

N

=Nâg=, =Nâgo=, Nâgowa, caste names of India, 513.

=National= Library, our, 444.

_Natter_, 479.

=Natural= History, development of, 272;
at Florence, 368;
in England, 3, 45, 49, 99, 261, 273, 363, 372, etc.

‘=Natural= History of New York’, 85.

‘=Natural= History of Carolina’ (_see_ Catesby).

‘=Natural= History of Reptiles’ (Gosse), 90.

‘=Naturalist= in Jamaica’ (Gosse), 186.

‘=Naturalist’s= Notes from South Africa’, 70.

‘=Naturalist= on the Amazon’ (Bates), 421.

‘=Naturall= Historie of Serpentes’, 101.

=Neck=: vertebræ of, 211;
snakes have none, _ib._

=Neck=-toothed ss., 67, _et seq._

=Netto=, Dr., experiments with venom, 557.

=Neuwied=, 228.

=Nevada=, incident in, 549.

=New= Caledonia, sea ss., 231, 238.

‘=New= Experiments on Vipers’ (1673), 273, 371.

=New= Jersey, Lockwood on the pine s., 93.

=New= York State, _battues_ of rattlesnakes, 289.

=Newman=, Ed., editor of ‘Zoologist’, 3, 492;
maternal affection of _Zootica vivipara_, 491.

=Newspapers= quoted: American, 231, 248, 486;
Country, the, 310, 504;
Dailies, the, 13, 417;
‘Echo’, 247;
‘Field’, the, 20, 61, 83, 164, 237, _et seq._, 439, 490, 493, 498,
504, 522, 530;
‘Illus. Lond. News’, 247;
‘Knowledge’, 592;
‘Land and Water’, 20, 231, 239, 249, _et seq._, 254, 261, 399, _et
seq._, 405, 417, 422, _et seq._, 439, 455, 465, 516, 524, 526,
530;
Liverpool, 256;
‘London General Advertiser’ (1752), 285;
‘Medical Times’, 87, 547;
‘Modern Thought’, 18;
‘Nature’, 217, 249, 267, 329, 474, 536;
‘Times’, the, 232, 520;
Weeklies, 417.

=Nicander=, his two-headed s., 190.

=Nicholson=, Dr. Ed., of Madras: ‘Indian Snakes’, 5;
ss. drinking, 89;
sea-ss., 235;
replacement of teeth, 344, 375;
four stages of development in, 349;
on the maternal refuge, 504;
the Russell’s v., 537;
important statistics, 541;
efficacy of tobacco, 542;
self-inflicted bites, 559.

=Nicols=, Arthur, Esq., F.G.S. (‘Zoological Notes’), on the tongue,
125;
rattle, 310;
instance of maternal refuge, 504.

=Nicotine= fatal to ss., 542, _et seq._

=Nightingale=, Mr. W., a cure by alcohol, 551.

=Nocturnal=, most ss. are, 2, 56, 386, 503.

=Noise=, not ‘music’, 526, _et seq._

=Nomenclature=, perplexing, 10, 43, 277, 396, _et seq._;
why so, 413, 419, 421, _et seq._, 423 (_see_ classification,
vernaculars).

=Norfolk=, important evidence from, 491.

‘=North=-American Herpetology’, 86, 175, 301 (_see_ Holbrooke).

=Norway=, sea-sers. frequent, 251.

=Nostrils=, ss. breathe through, 139, 143;
opposite the glottis, _ib._;
higher in water ss., 223;
vertical in anaconda, 228;
and in sea-ss., 234;
double in the _Crotalidæ_ (_see_ ‘pit’).

‘=Nova= Animalium Mexicanum’, 590 (_see_ Hernandez).

‘=Novum= Organum’ (Lord Bacon), 99.

=Nubians= use antitoxics, 525.

O

=Obsolete= teachings, 49, 99, 174, 191, 478, etc.

=Ocquago=, rattlesnake den, 289.

‘=Odontography=’, 32, 67, 408 (_see_ Owen).

=Œsophagus=, 67;
gular teeth there, 69.

_Ogmodon_, grooved tooth, 347.

=Ohio=; Dr. Kirtland’s observations in, 57, 292, 393;
_battues_ of s., 289;
evidence of the maternal refuge, 496.

=Oil=; abundant in ss., 165, 286;
of vs., a remedy for their bite, 522, 541.

_Oldenlandia_, 65.

_Oligodon_, few toothed, 347.

_Ophidarium_, the, 16, 61, 163.

_Ophidia_; divisions of, 46, 51, _et seq._;
groups of, 53;
all carnivorous, 56;
and oviparous, _ib._;
prejudices regarding, 3, 97, 103, 189, _et seq._;
well supplied with teeth, 344;
sub-orders of, 354;
complications in classification, 413.

=Ophidiana=, s. gossip, 1, 26.

_Ophidion_, 49;
_Ophiodes_, _ib._

=Ophiology=;
meaning of, 47;
advance of, 3, 47, 75.

=Ophis=, the seeing, 48.

=Oppel=, herpetologist, 383.

‘=Organization= of the Animal Kingdom’ (_see_ Jones).

‘=Origin= of Species’, 263, 311 (_see_ Darwin).

‘=Osborne=’, the (Royal yacht), marine animal seen from, 252, 254,
261.

=Oviparous=, 56, 431, 433, 497 (_see_ gestation, incubation, etc.).

=Ovoviviparous=, 431, _et seq._, 505;
exceptional cases, 434, _et seq._, 449, 462, 505.

=Owen=, Professor, F.R.S., etc., 22;
on the jaws, 32;
the _Deirodon_, 66, _et seq._;
the tongue, 119;
the glottis, 131;
lung of ss. 142, _et seq._;
_chordæ vocales_, 147;
prehensile tails, 180;
saltatory motion, 184;
exquisite organization of the spinal column, 196, 336;
ss. are acrobats, 198;
spine of py., 210;
ichthyic characters of the _Lepidosiren_, 244;
the sea-ser., 254;
the _Bucephali_, 408.

P

_Paca_, the, 229.

=Pacific=, sea-ss. in, 238.

=Palæontology=, 42, 44.

=Palate=, armed with teeth, 30, 34, 343, 402;
illus., 355;
two jaws, 343.

=Palmer=, Dr. E., of the Smithsonian Institute, U.S., important
evidence, 488.

=Panama=, sea-ss. at, 236, 238;
boa from, 438.

=Paradox=, the, 263.

=Paraguay=, ss. washed down from, 232;
observations in, 488.

=Pauline= (the barque): sea-ser. testimony, 251, 256, _et seq._

=Pearson= (Commander of Royal yacht _Osborne_): report of a gigantic
marine animal, 255.

=Pelagic= serpents, 82, 235, 240 (_see_ Cantor).

=Penny= Cyclopædia, 113.

=Penny= Magazine, 141.

=Pepys= quoted, 49.

=Pernambuco=, _Xenodons_ from, 400.

=Persia=, ‘Travels in’ (Sir R. Ker Porter), 113.

=Peru=, ‘Travels in’, 419 (_see_ Tschudi).

=Phares=, Dr. D. L., Science Convention on Snakes, 489.

=Pharmacopœia=, the homœopathic, 556.

=Pharynx=, 30, 132, 147.

=Phené=, _Sun and Serpent Worship_, 514.

=Philosophical= Transactions: first tropical s., 117;
Dr. Tyson on the larynx, 135;
two-headed s., 190;
a porcupine swallowed, 192;
Sir E. Home on progression, 208;
stimulating influence, 273;
anatomy of a rattlesnake, 275;
_Vipera Caudisona_, 276, _et seq._;
Sir Hans Sloane’s experiments, 281;
early observations, 295;
a venerable cro., 302;
sloughing of reptiles, 331;
mobility of fangs, 370;
reserve fangs, 371;
succession of fangs, 373;
how they become fixed, 363;
brooding of eggs, 443.

=Philosophical= Society, 117.

=Physicians=, ‘knowing’ ones at Florence, 273.

‘=Physionomie= des Serpents’ (_see_ Schlegel).

‘=Pilgrimage=’, the, of Purchas, 276.

=Pipe=-fish, the, 489.

‘=Pit=’, the, of cro.: first observed by Tyson, 277;
its use still undetermined, 381;
a plague to classifiers, 382, _et seq._;
‘secreting follicles’ of Owen, 384;
‘_fossettes lacrymales_’ of Duméril, 385;
_Bothrophidæ_ named from them, 383;
the _Crotalidæ_ of modern ophiologists, 385.

=Pitfield= (Captain O. A.): shoals of ss. seen by, 231.

=Plate=, River, ss. washed down, 232;
vernaculars of, 423.

=Platt=, Mr., a Florentine enthusiast, 273.

_Platypus_, the, 263.

=Pliny=, 84, 96, 168, 189, 196.

=Poison=, renewed, 351;
‘spouted’, _ib._

=Poisonous=; tongue, 97, _et seq._;
teeth (_see_ fangs).

=Pontoppidan=: Bishop, sea-ser. history, 247, 251.

=Poojah=, 512, 513.

=Porcupine=; swallowed, 192;
H.M.S., 262.

=Porter=, Sir R. Ker, sensationalism, 112;
his travels, 113.

=Portland=, U.S., Convention on Snakes, 485, 506.

=Portuguese=: the, as colonists, 4, 354;
a friar of, on Brazil, 271;
name for snake, 354.

‘=Prairie= Farms’, 227 (_see_ Gilmore).

=Prehensile= tails, 180, 202, 224;
of sea-ss., 233;
of anaconda and _anguis fragilis_, 472.

=Prey=, how caught, 27, 198, 203 (_see_ Notes from the Z.G.);
bulk of, 29, 34, 409, 585;
shifted in the mouth, 29;
held by coils, 199, 410.

=Prince= of Wales in India, 87.

=Pringle=, Mr. E. H., sea-ss. on shore, 237;
a supposed sea-ser., 249.

=Progression=, 54, 213;
by the ribs, 208;
like swimming, 217, 430 (_see_ movements, acrobats).

=Psalms=, the, 103.

=Pseudo=-fangs, 403, _et seq._

=Pseudoxia=, or ‘Vulgar Errours’, 171, 191.

=Psylli=, the, 522.

_Pterosauria_, 44.

=Puffing=, 148, _et seq._

=Pulmonary= bag, the, 142.

=Purchas=, 271, 369, 397, 428.

=Putnam=, F. W., of U.S., editor of the ‘American Naturalist’, 485;
secretary to the Am. Ass., 485;
on the maternal refuge, 486, _et seq._, 497.

Q

=Queensland=, species of ss. in, 540.

=Questions= yet undecided: the use of the rattle, 294;
the ‘pit’, _doubles narines_, or _fosses lacrymales_, 381;
‘sleeping’ of ss., 169;
origin of the maternal refuge, 505;
nature of gigantic marine animals, 267.

R

=Raleigh=, Sir W., 99.

‘=Rambles= and Scrambles’ (Sullivan), 419.

=Rattells=, Indian charms, 272.

=Rattles=, their use, 294, 307;
speculations regarding, 308, 311, _et seq._;
their age, 296, _et seq._, 302;
form and colour, 296, 299, _et seq._;
structure, 303, 305, _et seq._;
Duméril’s conclusions, 313.

=Rattlesnake= dens, 289, 301.

=Redi=: _Osservazione intorno alle Vipere_, 372;
knew of the mobility of fangs, _ib._

=Règne= animal, Cuvier, 47.

‘=Relations= of the World’, by the Pilgrim Purchas, 270, 369.

=Repose=; after food, 40, 64;
of sea-ss., 235;
as quiescence, 421, 587;
periodical (_see_ hibernation).

=Reptiles=; how divided, 51;
definition of the name, 206.

‘=Reptiles= of British India’, by Dr. A. Günther, F.R.S., of the
Br. M. (_see_ Günther).

‘=Reptiles=, Natural History of’ (_see_ Gosse).

‘=Rerum= Naturalium Thesauri’ (Seba), 278.

‘=Rervm= Natvralivm Braziliæ’ (Marcgravius), 397.

=Respiration=; sometimes partial, 144;
cessation of, 145;
weak, 146;
when feeding, 132, 141;
in sea-ss., 132 (_see_ glottis, hibernation, etc.).

=Ribbon= fish, 249, 250.

=Ribs=; action of, 207;
number of, 213;
expansion of, 36, 39 (_see_ emotions, feeding, etc.);
articulation of, 36, 212;
in progression, 207, 215.

‘=Ricerche= fisiche sopra il veleno della Vipere’ (by Felix Fontana,
1761), 368.

=Richards=, Dr. Vincent, experiments in artificial respiration, 552.

=Rocky= Mountains, cañons haunts of ss., 162.

=Roget=, P. M., quotes Hellmann, 120;
perception of touch in ss., 195;
the spinal column, 210.

‘=Romance= of Natural History’ (Gosse), 248.

=R.C.S.=, Museum of, 24, 68, 408, 415.

=Royal= Family, the, 20.

=Royal= herpetologists, _ib._

=Ruskin=, Prof., lecture on ss., 41;
classical names of, 48;
movements, 195, 218.

=Russell=, Lord Arthur, a herpetologist, 20;
a friend of the Ophidia, _ib._

=Ruthven=, S. S., Esq., of U.S., a large brood of ss., 497.

S

‘=S.=’ Captain, bitten by a sea-s., 241.

=Saades= and Samp Wallahs, the, 515, 522.

=Salamanders=, 164.

=Saleratus= an Am. remedy, 553.

=Saliva=, abundant, 35, 109, 112, 352.

=Salivary= apparatus: of ss. complicated, 35, 109, 350, _et seq._;
an aid to digestion, 352.

=Salivation= of prey, 36, 110.

=Saltatory= actions of ss., 184, 186, 448.

=Santos=, _pelamis bicolor_ there, 238.

=Sao= Gabrielle, observations by Wallace, 421.

_Sauria_, the, 51;
saurians, 71, 327, 331, 590.

_Saurophidians_, 44.

=Scales=; illus. of, 46, 176, 193, 234, 240, 316, _et seq._;
ss. classified by, 46, 316;
size of, 337;
head shields, 316;
ventral, 176, 213 (_see_ epidermis).

=Sceva=, Mr., 365 (_see_ Fayrer).

‘=Schlangen= und Schlangen Feind’ (H. O. Lenz), 81.

=Schlegel=, Herman: his work, 3;
salivary glands, 35;
an authority, 90;
doubts snakes drinking, 77;
power of tail, 182;
vertebræ, 209;
fangs, 362;
involution of, 356;
action of, 363;
translation of his works, 3, 209.

=Schliemann=, Dr., vegetable antidotes, 524.

=Schneck=, Dr. J., of U.S., on Heterodon, 412.

=Science= Gossip, 490, _et seq._

=Science= News, 411.

=Sclater=, P. Lutley, Esq., F.R.S., Sec. to the Z. Soc., Lond.: the
carinate birds, 320;
a communication to, 404;
the brood of boas, 516.

_Scorpione_, the, 590.

=Scutæ=, overlapping, 194 (_see_ scales, epidermis).

=Sea=-ss., 233, _et seq._ (_see_ Pelagic).

=Sea=-sers. hard to identify, 248, _et seq._;
gigantic marine forms seen, 251;
most frequent in the North Atlantic, 252;
probable hibernation of, 253;
not necessarily ‘monsters’, 254;
official reports of, 255, _et seq._;
Mr. Bartlett on, 261;
speculations, 264, _et seq._;
existence still doubtful, 267.

=Searle=, Mr. E. W., on the brood of young boas, 439.

=Seba=, a crowing s., 154;
on the anaconda, 228, _et seq._;
vernaculars of the rattlesnake, 278.

=Seh=, Fetish god, 514.

=Sensations=, complex, 121;
in ss. dull, 56, 161, _et seq._

=Septic=, a, s. venom is, 552.

=Serpent=: of Cuvier, 47;
of mythology, 48, 102, 508;
‘sting’ of, 49;
Lord Bacon on, _ib._;
the name defined, 206;
myths of, 514;
worship of, 2, 513, _et seq._;
symbol, _ib._

‘=Serpentes=’, of Topsell, 43, 101;
of Purchas, 369.

=Serpentine= movements, 195.

‘=Serpentum= Braziliensis’ (Wagler), 383, 427.

=Shakspeare=, his popularity, 97;
not a naturalist, _ib._;
contemporary literature, 99;
quotations from, 100.

=Shaler=, Prof., U.S., on natural selection, 308.

=Shell=-breaker, ‘Sunkerchor’, 63.

=Shields=, 316 (_see_ scales, epidermis).

=Shortt=, Dr., of Madras, gives milk to snakes, 87;
approves of alcoholic remedies, 550;
claims originality with _liquor potassæ_, 552.

=Silliman’s= Journal of Science, 248.

=Skeleton=, of cobra, 31;
of jaws, 349.

=Skin=, shedding of (_see_ integument, epidermis).

=Sleeping= after meals, 40;
with open eyes, 64, 169, 421.

=Sloane=, Sir Hans: ‘Inchantments’, etc., 281;
experiments, 370.

=Sloughing= of lizards, 331, 481 (_see_ epidermis).

=Smith=, Dr. Andrew: egg-eaters, 66, _et seq._;
his work, 230;
the _Bucephali_, 407, _et seq._

=Smith=, a Mr., _Coluber smithii_, 416.

=Smith=, Captain John, the rattells, 272.

=Smith=, Prof. Lawrence, Pres. of the Am. Ass. (_see_ Convention on
Snakes), 485.

=Smith=, Sydney J., Esq., U.S., testimony, 438.

=Smithsonian= Contributions, 364.

=Smithsonian= Institution, Washington D.C., 488.

‘=Snakes= of Australia’ (Krefft), 154, 172.

=Snakes=, Lectures on (_see_ Huxley, Ruskin).

=Snakes=: a home for, 61, 592;
groups of, 53;
their place in nature, 56;
length of life, 56;
their uses, 57;
cruel packing of, 169;
powers of (_see_ constriction, deglutition, dentition, fangs,
glottis, hibernation, progression, respiration, teeth, etc.);
by name:

=ABOMA=, 454;
_acanthophis_, 172;
_adder_, 49, 172, 392, 410, 424, 471;
_aglyphodontes_, 347;
_amphisbœna_, 44, 91, 174, 189, 190, 353;
_anaconda_, 112, 210, 228, 232, 441, 454, _et seq._;
_ancistrodon_, 11, 495, 571, 572;
_anguis_ 48, 54, 89, 93, 171, 183, 187, 279, 346, 353, 410, 452,
_et seq._, 471;
_anholodontes_, 347;
_anodon_, 66, 343, 347, 414;
_apistoglyphes_, 347;
_aproterodontes_, 347;
asp, 268;
_atropos_, _atrox_, 374, 422;
_avusamans_, 230.

=BLACK= s., 6, 63, as ‘_racer_’, 180, 182, 199;
‘=Blackie=’, 458, _et seq._;
_blauser_, 152, _et seq._;
_blindworm_, 44 (_see_ _anguis_);
_boa_, 35, 47, 111, 134, 157, 183, 220, 228, 353, 435, 584,
_et seq._;
_boiginininga_, _boiguira_, 277;
_boicinininpeba_, _boycininga_, 430;
_boodon_, 347;
_boomslange_, 407;
_boschmeester_, 420;
_bothrops_, 383, 385, 416, 422, 426, _et seq._;
_brachyura_, 177, 374;
_broad-scaled_ s.,423;
_Bucephalus_, 407;
_bull_ s., 155, _et seq._;
‘_bull-killer_’, 229;
_bungarus_, 349, 357, 501;
_bushmaster_, 176, 387, 422, _et seq._

‘=CALICO=’ s., 410;
_callophis_, 537;
_camoudi_, 420, 429, 454;
_Cape adder_, 149;
_capra capella_, 190;
_carpet_ s., 10, 424;
_cascavel_, 272, 277, 423;
_cascobel_, 397;
_caudalis_, 374;
_caudisona_, 275, 388;
_cecilia_, 353;
_cenchris_, 175, 176, 224, 226, 562, 577;
_cerastes_, 168, 315, 320, 324, 351, 389;
_chicken_ s., 439;
_chilobothrus_, 63, 93, 186, 437, 440, _et seq._, 449, _et seq._;
‘=Cleo=’, =Cleopatra=, 15, 515, 525;
_clotho_, 148, 374, 422;
_clothonia_, 85;
_cobra_, 13, 33, 60, 87, 181, 190, 268, 327, 349, 354, 363, 390,
401, 423, 442, 502, 511, 517, 537, 543, 560, 578;
_cœnicoussi_, 420;
_coluber_, 27, 47, 48, 52, 63, 74, 85, 91, 139, 180, 208, 353,
414, 437, 442, 495, 500, 567;
_colubri_, 434, 449;
_colubrines_, 178, 316, 318;
_constrictor_, 14, 39, 111, 135, 141, 178, 183, 198, _et seq._,
202, 213, 232, 247, 258, 267, 327, 438, 584;
_cophias_, 422;
_copper-head_, 176, 289, 392, 571;
_coral_, 10;
_coronella_, 83, 424, 435;
_corral_, 423;
_counacouchi_, _counicouchi_, 417;
_couroucoucou_, 419, 429;
_courracouchi_, 421;
_craspedocephalus_, 388, 396, _a seq._, 421, 423, 427;
_crebo_, _cribo_, 177;
_crotalidæ_, 176, 270, 302, 318, 355, 357, 359, 362, 368, 381,
_et seq._, 397, 494, 503;
_crotalus_, 162, 269, _et seq._, 353, 375, 387, 421, 426, 495,
501, 519, 534, 541, 544, 553, 573, 574;
_crotalophorus_, 292, 388, 393;
_cucurijuba_, _curucucu_, 429;
_cucuriù_, _cucuriubù_, 454;
_curucucu_, 428;
_cylindrophis_,188;
_cynodon_, 347.

=DABOIA=, 349, 365, 407, 436;
_dasypeltis_, 414;
_deaf adder_, 424;
_death adder_, 172, 180;
_deer-swallower_, 229;
_deirodon_, 67, 72, 412, 415;
_dendrophidæ_, 218, 408;
_diamond_ s., 384, 423;
_domina serpentum_, 277;
_dryadidæ_, 218;
_dryophidians_, 325;
_dumb rattlesnake_, 392;
_durissus_, 366.

=ECACOATL=, 279;
_echis_, 150, 320, 351, 366, 389, 424, 440, 537, 554, 580;
_elaphis_, 20, 185, 202, _et seq._, 336;
_elapidæ_, 39, 186, 338, 353, 355, 362, 422, 430, 535, 548, 567;
_el trago venado_, 454;
_enhydrina_, 237;
_epicratis_, 147, 203, 440;
_eryx_, 220;
_eunectes_, 456 (see _anaconda_);
_eutania_, 495.

=FER-DE-LANCE=, 319, 388, 423;
_flammon_, 419;
_four-rayed_ s. (see _elaphis_);
_furia_, 422.

=GARTER= s., 162, 440;
_geoptyas_, 38;
_glyphodon_, 347;
_gokurrah_, 425;
_guiarranpiaquana_, 430;
great sea-ser., 221, 247, _et seq._;
_green mamba_, 154.

=HALYS=, 386;
_hamadryad_, 181, 333, 352, 387, 390, 442, 503, 567;
_herpetum_, 326;
_heterodon_, 152, 347, 350, 395, 401, 403, _et seq._, 407, 409,
422;
_hexacornis_, 325;
_hoacoatl_, 277;
_holodontes_, 347;
_homalopsidæ_, 224, 228, 234;
_hoop_ s., 184;
_hopplocephalus_, 184, 423, _et seq._;
_horn_ s., _horned_ v., 224;
_horse-shoe_ s., 137;
_hydrinus_, 225, 243;
_hydrophidæ_, 169, 222, 232, 318, 348, 350, 355.

=IARARACA=, _iararacuassa_, 396, 429, 535;
_ibibo_, _ibiboco_, _ibiboboca_, 429, 430;
_ibiracua_, 396, 538;
_iffulu_, 230;
_isodon_, 347;
_isodontiens_, 347.

=JACULUS=, 196;
_jacumama_, 454;
_Jamaica_ boa, 92, 119 (see _chilobothrus_);
_jararaca_, 10, 119, 359, 369, 402, 417, 421, 426, _et seq._;
_jarraracca_, _jararacussu_, 396, _et seq._, 400, 406, 423, 429;
_jararacucu_, 369;
_jararacpeba_, 430, _et seq._;
_jeboia_, 423.

=KALA-SAMP=, 425;
_kamoudi_, 429;
_keautiah_, 425;
king-snake, 177;
_krait_, 349;
_kunikusi_, 421.

=LACERTINES=, 14, 138, 570;
_lachesis_, 176, 357, 359, 365, 374, 387, 401, 416, 417,
_et seq._, 421, _et seq._, 426, _et seq._, 556;
_langaha_, 325;
_liophis_, 332, 407, 410;
‘Lizzie’, 89, 470, _et seq._;
_lophophrys_, 325;
_lycodon_, 347, 350.

=MAMBA=, 154;
_mangeur de rats_, 228;
_matatoro_, 229, 454;
_massasauga_, 393;
_megæra_, 422;
_mocassin_, 7, 10, 227, 410, 424, 439, 571 (see _Tropidontus_);
_morelia_, 384.

=NAG SAMP=, 425;
_naja_, 154, 328, 425 (see _cobra_), 580;
_nasicornis_, 224, 317, _et seq._;
_natrix_, 52, 138 (_see_ ring-s., _Tropidontus_).

=OGMODON=, 347;
_oligodon_, 66, 343, 347, 414;
_ophiophagus_, 62, 181, 333, 390, 422, 425, 442, 565 (_see_ Elaps,
Hamadryad).

=PASSERITA=, 325;
_pelagic_ ss., 233, 235, _et seq._;
_pelamis_, 238, _et seq._;
_pelias_, 495, 505;
_pilot_-s., 155, 182, 213;
_pine_-s., 93, 155;
_pit_-vs., 176 (see _crotalidæ_);
_pituophis_, 151, 156, 217;
_platurus_, 243;
_prickly_-s., 175;
_proteroglyphes_, 347;
_psamophis_, 152;
_pseudechis_, 548, 560;
_ptyas_, 85, 213, 332, 348, 349 (_see_ rats.);
_puffadder_, 13, 177, 358, 562;
_python_, 78, _et seq._, 178, 202, 443, 446, 449, 514, _et seq._,
516, 583, _et seq._

=RACER=, 6, 63, _et seq._, 86, 155, 169, 177, 180, 182, 199;
_rachiodon_, 347, 414;
_raetel-schlange_, 277;
rat-s., 38, 177, 214 (see _Ptyas_);
_rat-tail_ s., 177;
_rativoro_, 228;
rattle-s., 116, 138, 165, 177, 193, 199, 210, 268, _et seq._,
272, 274, 289, 307, 353, 360, 370, _et seq._, 390, 394, 487,
496, 501, 509, 521, 541, 549, 563, _et seq._ (see _crotalus_);
red adder, 392;
ring-s., 27, _et seq._, 52, 74, 76, 83, 95, 167, 442, 566,
_et seq._;
_river_-s., 223;
_river Jack_, 137, 150, 223;
_rudis_, _la rude_, 414;
_Russell’s_ v., 436 (see _Daboia_).

=SCHLANGE=, 49;
sea-ser., 248, _et seq._;
_serpente_, 49;
_sea-snakes_, 222, 231, 318 (see _Pelagic_);
_sepedon_, 347
_serpentes à sonnettes_, 279;
_seven-banded_ s., 437, 439;
_shiraraca_, 396, _et seq._, 429;
_simotes_, 407;
_slow_-worm, 167, 327, 330, 424, 458, _et seq._ (_see_ ‘Lizzie’);
_solenoglyphes_, 347, 383;
_sorococo_, 419;
_spilotes_, 155, 177;
_sucariuba_, 454;
_surucurù_, 421;
_surukuku_, 419;
_surucujù_, 454.