Chapter IX (2)

And, besides, where is the Protestant who does not praise the Hebrew illustrations of Lightfoot, Schoettgen, and Meuschen? or who does not at least make much of the commentaries of Aben Ezra, Kimchi, Jarchi, and others, in the interpretation of the Hebrew Scriptures? They all see the advantage of approaching such sources of information, and using them for their own purpose. But are we to refuse to the Fathers, and ancient doctors of the Church the deference which we allow to Rabbins and Thalmudists? This is at least a reason for hearing the testimony of the Fathers.

And if it be concordant, constant, and universal, it most powerfully recommends that scriptural interpretation, which agrees with it. In this, all Catholics without exception, and the most judicious and learned Protestants, are agreed. In good truth, it would be incredible that an interpretation could be false, which was adopted unanimously by the Fathers of every age and country. And it ought to be as incredible to find any one so conceited, as not to be greatly moved by the witness and consent of Christian antiquity.

One point of enquiry remains, whether the Fathers have given their opinion, and that unanimously, on Peter and the texts, which relate to him. But their words[44] inserted in the foregoing pages entirely terminate this controversy, and show that they were all of the mind expressed by Gregory the Great, in these words, which, it is well to remember, were directed to the supreme civil authority of those days, for he tells the emperor:

"To all who know the Gospel, it is manifest that the charge of the whole Church was entrusted by the voice of the Lord to the holy Apostle Peter, Prince of all the Apostles. For to him it is said, 'Peter, lovest thou Me? Feed My sheep.' To him is said, 'Behold, Satan hath desired to sift you as wheat, but I have prayed for thee, Peter, that thy faith fail not; and do thou, one day, in turn, confirm thy brethren.' To him is said, 'Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build My Church,' &c. Lo, he hath received the keys of the kingdom of heaven, the power of binding and loosing is given to him, the care and the chiefship of the whole Church is committed to him."[45]

FOOTNOTES:

[1] The following chapter is translated from Passaglia, Pp. 339-360.

[2] This is not said as _limiting_ revelation to such points, but to exhibit the scope of the present work, which uses testimony merely as a human, though very important, support of the cause.

[3] The texts relating to the primacy, the Evangelists' mode of writing, that of S. Luke in the first twelve chapters of the Acts, and that of S. Paul.

[4] The Apostles' contest about "the greater," the distinction between the founder, and the visible head of the Church, and for false interpretations, the primacy of mere precedency, the perversion of John xxi. 15-20, the assertion of Apostolic equality, and Gal. i 18-20.

[5] Interroga igitur, si quid veritatis cupis audire, principaliter sedis Apostolicae antistitem, cujus sana doctrina constat judicio veritatis, et fulcitur munimine auctoritatis. Ferrandus in Epist. ad Severum.

[6] Socrates, Hist. L. 2, c. 8-17. Sozomen, hist. L. 3, c. 10.

[7] In fragm. epist. apud Baluzium, Miscell. Lib. 5, p. 467.

[8] Ferrandus in litteris ad Pelagium.

[9] Mansi. Tom. 8, 54, 34.

[10] Avitus, Epist. 36.

[11] Gelasius, Epist. 4, ad Faustum. Mansi. 8, 17.

[12] Mansi. Tom. xi. 184.

[13] See Peter Ballerini, de potestate ecclesiastica, cap. 1, Sec. 1-6.

[14] See Mamachi, origines et antiquitates Christianae, Tom 2.

[15] See Muzzarelli, de auctoritate Rom. Pontificis in Conciliis generalibus, c. v. Sec. 9.

[16] See Mamachi, as above, Tom. v part. 1, c. 2.

[17] Amm. Marcellinus, Lib. 15, c. 7.

[18] The following paragraph, down to "within and without," I have introduced here. It is not in F. Passaglia.

[19] Aug. de utilitate credendi, c. 7, n. 19.

[20] Tit. iii. 10.

[21] Luke xv. 9; xi. 5; xviii. 2.

[22] Tertullian, de Praesc. c. 21.

[23] Mansi, concilia, Tom. 11, 239.

[24] Responsis ad Lutheram, c. x.

[25] Sense, says John, is the connection or mutual relation of notions intended by the author in his words, or, according to others, which is the same thing, the conception of the mind which the author has expressed in words, and wishes to raise in his readers. This sense, whether it springs from the proper or whether from the improper and metaphorical meaning of words, or from allegorical language, is immediate, grammatical, and literal.

[26] Acts xiv. 22; xx. 28; 1 Tim. v. 19-22; 2 Tim. iv. 2-5; Tit. i. 5; 1 Pet. v. 2, 3.

[27] Matt. xvi. 18; xviii. 18; John x. 16; Eph. v. 25; 1 Cor. xii; John xvii. 20-26.

[28] Luke xxiv. 47; Acts i. 8; ix. 15; Coloss. i. 8.; 1 Cor. i. 23; ix. 20; Rom. x. 18.

[29] Origen. preface kezi azchon, n. 2.

[30] 2 Tim. ii. 2.

[31] See Athanas. de decritis Nic. Synodi, and also Hist. tripartit. Lib. 2, 2-3.

[32] See Vincent of Lerins. Commonit. c. 32, 3.

[33] Leontius, Contr. Nestorium. Lib. 1.

[34] Cassian, De Incarn. Lib. 1.

[35] Theodoret, in the three dialogues.

[36] Augustine, cont. Cresconium, 1, c. 32-3.

[37] Jerome, Ep. 126, and dialog. adv. Luciferianos.

[38] Epiphanius. baeres. 61, 75, 78.

[39] Basil, cont. Eunomium, Lib. 1; de Spiritu S. c. 29.

[40] Origen in Matt. Tract. 29.

[41] Tertullian, throughout the book De Prescriptionibus.

[42] Clement, Stromatum, Lib. 7.

[43] Irenaeus, Lib. 4, c. 63 and 45.

[44] It may be allowable also to refer to the fifth section of the work mentioned in the preface, "The See of S. Peter," &c.

[45] S. Greg. Ep. Lib. 5, 20.

INDEX.

A.

_Abraham_, parallel between, and Peter, 17-25, 206, 213-4

_Acts_, division of, 114
state the accomplishment of Christ's promises, 114, 116
history of the mystical body, as the Gospels of the Head, 115
elucidate the institution of the Primacy by showing its
execution, 116 and following.

_Africa_, Church of, its terms addressing Pope Theodore, 110, 254.

_Agatho_, Pope, A.D., 678-682, referred to, 254
states his Primacy in the case of S. Wilfrid, 254
to the Emperor Heraclius and the 6th Council 262.

_Alexander_, of Alexandria, referred to, 238.

_Ambrose_, St., interprets the name of Peter, 10
terms Peter "the Rock of the Church," 15
"the Apostle in whom is the Church's support," 15
affirms and describes his Primacy, 60
declares, "where Peter is, there is the Church," 62
interprets John xxi. 15-17, of Peter's Primacy, 79
says, "the rights of venerable communion flow from St. Peter's chair
as from a fountain head," 216
describes schism as rendering Christ's passion of no effect, 231
and as the unforgiven sin, 231
mentions a Novatian error of restricting the keys to Peter
personally, 241, n.
assigns the origin of unity to Peter, 242.

_Ambrosiaster_,
makes Paul's visit an acknowledgment of Peter's Primacy, 164
ranges James and John under Peter, as Barnabas under Paul, 167
sees in Paul's censure of Peter a proof of Peter's Primacy, 171.

_Ammianus Marcellinus_, referred to, 255.

_Analogy_, between universal and particular churches and the
Primate and all bishops, 217
of the body, house, kingdom, city, and fold, with the Church, 2-5, 217
its force as a proof for the Primacy. 251
as a criterion of interpretation, 272.

_Anglicanism_, the peculiar inconsistency of, 222-5.

_Anglicans_, _Lutherans_, and _Calvinists_,
comparative proof for their doctrines and for the Primacy, 259, 274.

_Apostles_, their relation to Peter, 28, 70, 75-7, 97-9, 102, 104, 108
their commission as given in Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, 68
exercise of their powers, 69, 149
how they _sent_ Peter and John, 137
are teachers and judges in controversy, 149
the spirit of truth promised to them and to their successors, 184-189
inequality in the college of, 200
twelve proofs of it, 204-9.

_Aquileia_, Fathers of, ascribe the origin of unity to Peter, 242.

_Archimandrites of Syria_,
call Pope Hormisdas das "Patriarch of the whole world," 216.

_Arnobius_, calls Peter, the Bishop of Bishops, 146, 216.

_Athanasius St._, states the object of the Incarnation, 27, 180
referred to, on behalf of the principle of tradition, 275.

_Augustine St._, terms Peter
"the rock which the proud gates of hell prevail not against," 15
"the figure of the Church," 61
"made another self by Christ, and one with Himself," 110
states the object of the Incarnation, 27, 179
explains the banquet in John, ch. xxi, 72
says the order in which the Apostles were called is uncertain, 88
mentions Peter's holy humility in being censured by Paul, 176
says there is no remission of sins outside the Church, 231
that those who are out of the Church have not charity, 231
terms schism a horrible crime and sacrilege, 231
distinguishes the Church as Catholic, 236
referred to as explaining the term Catholic, 237, 238
and quoted, 260
why he teaches that the keys were bestowed on Peter
as representing the person of the Church, 241, n. 124
referred to, 242
and on tradition, 295.

_Avitus, St._, attests the Popes Primacy, 253.

B.

_Ballerini_, Peter, his works referred to, 255.

_Baronius_, explains St. Peter being sent to the circumcision, 167
remarks on the distortion of Paul's censure against Peter, 172.

_Basil St._ calls Peter underlying the building of the Church, 15
interprets John, xxi. 15-17, as a grant of all pastoral authority to
the Church in the person of Peter her shepherd, 81
referred to, on principle of tradition, 275.

_Bede St._, interprets, "Arise, Peter, kill and eat," 140
condemns all separation from the society of Peter, 252.

_Bernard St._
appeals to Pope Innocent II, as holding the Primacy of faith, 60, 254
calls the Pope universal Bishop, 216
referred to, as explaining the term Catholic, 237
speaks of the solicitude of all churches resting on the
Apostolic See 244.

_Bhoskein_, its meaning, contrasted with _poimahinein_, 103 note.

_Bishops_, divine institution, of texts for, 273, n. 26
proof for, compared with that for the Primacy, 268, 270.

_Bossuet_,
explains the relation between Peter and the Apostles, 75, 78, 103
his writings against Jurien referred to, 233.

C.

_Coelestinus_, referred to, 238.

_Calvinists_, their proofs for the divinity of Christ compared with
those of Catholics for the Primacy, 259.

_Canons_, the 22nd of the Apostolic, quoted, 136.

_Cartwright_, the Puritan, observes the inconsistency of
Anglicanism, 225, n. 59.

_Casaubon_, referred to, 232.

_Cassian John_,
states the Primacy of St. Peter as continuing in the Church, 111
referred to 275.

_Catholicity_, texts on the Church's referred to, 220, 273, n. 28
in what it consists, material and formal parts, 236
the formal part as negative and as affirmative, 237-241.

_Cesar_, Julius, parallel between proof for his having been emperor,
and for Peter's Primacy, 250.

_Christ_, at His passion commends the Church as His "finished work"
to God the Father, 1
stands in two relations to the Church while on earth, as Founder
and as Ruler, 6, 43
selects from His disciples first twelve and then one 7, 89
explains the name of Peter, 12
communicates to Peter the gift of being the Foundation, 24
educates him for the office of chief ruler, 29
associates him in a peculiar manner with Himself, 35
designates a chief ruler in His Church, 38, 43
and that one to be Peter, 48
makes a further disposition of power after His resurrection, 65
makes Peter the one Shepherd over his fold, 72, 83
fulfils His promises to the Twelve, 68
and to Peter, 70
foretels Peter's crucifixion, 82
paraphrase of His promises to Peter in Matt. xvi, 17-20, 95
the mystical Head of the Church, 157
the incarnate Word the principle of Unity and Headship in
the Church, 178-182
His headship does not dispense with a visible hierarchy, 185
and cannot be expressed by the unity of a college, 193
bestows all spiritual gift, 186, 188.

_Chrysostome_, St., interprets the name Peter, 9, 27
terms Peter "the support of the faith," 15
"the mouth-piece of the Apostles and teacher of the world," 61, 119
the Teacher, 143, 145
the Father, 152
the greater and elder, 163
interprets "the keys" to mean power over all things in heaven, 14
interprets, "give it to them for me and for thee," 36, 37
interprets John xxi, 15-17, as the charge of the whole
Church given to Peter, 79, 80
witnesses to St. Peter's Primacy, 86, 93, 124, 126, 127
describes the subject of the Acts, 114
says that in Christ the race God and man is become one, 115
describes Peter as the first on every occasion, 121
says the Acts are those of St. Peter and St. Paul, 121
interprets "confirm thy brethren" of St. Peter's supreme authority. 124
makes St. John subordinate to St. Peter, 128
interprets Acts x, 47, 141
likens Peter to the commander of an army, 147
says that he anticipates St. Paul's doctrine to the Romans, 148
makes St. Paul prefer Peter to himself, 161
and to the other Apostles, 162
considers St. Paul's visit to him a proof of his Primacy, 164
explains Gal. ii. 7-9, 166
speaks of the dignity of St. Peter's person, 171
denies it to have been St. Peter who censured by St. Paul, 174
remarks on St. Paul's prudence in the manner of giving this
censure, 177
his remark on the Incarnation, 180
describes the unity of the Church all over the world, 218
distinguishes the Church as Catholic, 236
referred to on necessity of communion between the Church's
members, 239.

_Church_, establishment of,
the "finished work" of God the Word incarnate, 1, 4
unity and visibility part of its primary idea, 3
and a visible headship, 5
unchangeable, like her Lord, 44
had one ruler from the beginning, 45
unity or, fourfold, 182
of mystical influx, 182
of charity, 183
of faith, 183-189
of visible headship, 190-196
its identity, 220
its unity, and texts proving it, 220
its Catholicity, 236
these three viewed as reasons for the Primacy, 236-241
means the whole society of believers, 223
texts which so define it, 223, n. 46
as set forth in Scripture, 230.

_Claude_, the Calvinist, referred to, 232.

_Clement_ of Alexandria referred to
as defining the Church, 223
on the term Catholic, 237
on the principle of tradition, 275.

_Clement_, the Pseudo, his epistle St. James quoted, 137.

_Confirming_, meaning of the term in Luke xxii. 32, 53.

_Cornelius_, conversion of, 138.

_Council_ of Nicea, referred to, 238, 275.

---- of Sardica, referred to, 238.

---- of Ephesus, referred to, 238.

---- of Chalcedon, terms Peter, "the rock and foundation of the
Catholic Church, and the basis of the orthodox faith," 16.

---- third of Carthage, referred to, 224, 238.

---- second of Constantinople, referred to, 224.

---- of Laodicea, referred to, 224.

---- second Nicene, referred to, 224.

_Creed_, how it contains St. Peter's Primacy, 243.

_Criteria_ of interpretation, four chief ones, 265
verbal, 266
real, 267
analogical, 271
consent of witnesses, 274.

_Cyprian_ St.,
terms Peter the Rock of the Church that was to be built, 15
quotes the confessors out of Novatian's schism, 45
says that perfidy cannot approach the Roman faith, 55
says that the Church is built on Peter, 62, 175
says that the Apostles, as such, are equal, 69
but adds the Primacy of St. Peter, 81
solution of his phrase, "the episcopate is one, of which apart is
held by each without division of the whole," 100
how his statements on the unity of the Catholic episcopate cohere
with the Primacy, 240
makes St. Peter's See the fountain in the Church, 110
says the Church is in the bishop, 135
compares the unity in the Church to that of the Holy Trinity, 196
defines a particular church as a people united to its priest,
and a flock adhering to its pastor, 218
describes the one Church and its prerogatives, 228
distinguishes it by the name Catholic, 236.

_Cyril_, St., of Alexandria, says the Church is founded on Peter, 9
describes the presence of the Holy Spirit in Christians, 115
remarks on the Incarnation, 180.

_Cyril_, St., of Jerusalem, affirms St. Peter's Primacy, 61
calls the Church Catholic, 236
explains the term, 237.

D.

_Dante_, his words on fortune, 199.

_Dionysius_, the so-called Areopagite, states that the office of the
Holy Spirit is the deification of man, 115.

E.

_Ephrem_, of Antioch, on the unity produced by the Incarnation, 181.

_Ephrem_, St. Syrus, calls Peter the candle and tongue of the
disciples and the voice of preachers, 61.

_Epiphanius_, St. terms Peter the immovable rock of the Church, 15
and says that the charge of bringing the Gentiles into the Church
is laid on him, 141
referred to, on tradition. 275.

_Eucherius_, St., of Lyons, calls Peter the Pastor of pastors, 216.

_Eusebius_, states that St. John visited the Churches of Asia, 146
calls the Church by the name of Catholic, 236
referred to, 252.

_Euthalius_, his summary of the Acts, 120.

_Evidence_, moral, how far intended to be convincing, 89.

F.

_Faith_, how called by the Fathers, 234 note.

_Fathers_, the Greek, on Gal. ii. 11
unanimously set forth St. Peter's Primacy, 174-5.

_Ferrandus_, refers enquirers to the Apostolic See, 252
states the authority of Councils confirmed by it, 253.

_First_, force of the term, 87.

_Fructuosus_, St., the church in his Acts called Catholic, 236.

G.

_Gelasius_, Pope, A.D., 492-6, referred to, 242
states the power of the Apostolic See, 253, 254.

_Gnostics_ and Marcionites, distort Paul's censure of Peter, 171.

_Gregory_, Thaumaturgus, St. his remark on the Incarnation, 179.

_Gregory_, Nazianzene, St., terms Peter the rock of the Church, 15
remarks on the Incarnation, 180
calls the Church the tunic without seam, &c., 218,
referred to, 242.

_Gregory_, of Nyssa, St., his remark on the unity produced by
the Incarnation, 181.

_Gregory_, the Great, St. A.D., 590-603,
remarks Peter's humility in defending himself, 143
founds the Primacy on the three great texts, 277.

_Gregory_ II, Pope, A.D., 715-731, describes the reverence felt to
Peter in the eighth century, 113.

H.

_Heresy_, why it has lost its foulness in the minds of Protestants, 234.

_Hierarchy_, the visible, why constituted, 185-190
a head of it necessary, 190-6.

_Hilary_, of Poitiers, St. terms Peter the rock of the Church, 15
his remarks on the effect of the Incarnation, 180
speaks of the unity produced by the Incarnation and the Eucharist, 181
sets forth the Church's unity, 220 note
referred to as defining the Church, 223.

_Hippolytus_, St., his remark on the fruit of the Incarnation, 179.

_History_, Christian, fourteen distinct classes of facts in it
attest the Primacy, 251-6.

_Hormisdas_, Pope, A.D. 514-523
referred to, 242.

I.

_Ignatius_, St., uses the word Catholic of the Church, 236.

_Incarnation_, the order and gifts of,
lost sight of by those without the Church, 27
the object of, 27, 178-181.

_Innocent_ I., Pope, A.D., 401-417
makes the Apostolic See the fountain in the Church, 110
his letters to S. Victrice, 254.

_Irenaeus_, St., his remarks on the Incarnation, 179
referred to as defining the Church, 223
describes the Church's unity, 224
and terms it Catholic, 236
and explains the term, 237
sets forth tradition and the chiefship of the Roman Church, 239
states the principle of tradition as guarding the faith, 276.

_Isidore_, St., declares that whoever does not obey Peter is a
schismatic, 113.

J.

_James_, St., the martyrdom of, how mentioned by S. Luke, 151.

_Jerome_, St., puts the safety of the Church in the bishop, 45
makes the Primacy to be instituted against schism, 78
says, it is not a church which has no priest, 135
ascribes the decision of the Council of Jerusalem to St. Peter, 150
and makes St. Paul's visit to Peter a token of his
Primacy, 165, 171
gives the reasons of those who denied it to be St. Peter who was
censured, 173
describes the necessity of adhering to Peter's See, 218, 239, note 120
referred to as defining the Church, 223
distinguishes it as Catholic, 236
referred to, 242
referred to on principle of tradition, 275.

_John_, St., his sphere distinguished from that of Peter, 91
how often mentioned in the New Testament. 93
with his brother called Boanerges, 8, note, 86
makes himself subordinate to Peter, 128, 135, 137.

_Judah_, among his brethren,
a type of Peter among the Apostles, 206, 214-5.

_Julian_, the apostate, distorts Paul's censure of Peter, 172.

_Jurisdiction_, spiritual, derived from the person of Christ to
St. Peter, 99, 107, 109
creation of, precedes the formation of the Church, 105, 107.

_Jurien_, referred to, 232.

_Justinian_, the Emperor, referred to, 238.

K.

_King_, on the Creed, referred to, 236.

L.

_Lactantius_, describes necessity of belonging to the Church, 231.

_Leander_, referred to, 238.

_Leo St._, Pope 440-461
paraphrases the name of Peter, 11
states his Primacy and association with Christ, 14
explains why our Lord prays specially for Peter, 50
says that Peter, rules all by immediate commission, 80, 168
that Christ gave to the rest through Peter, 100
that he assumed Peter into the participation of His indivisible
unity, 110
remarks on the unity produced by the Incarnation, 180
describes the unity of the Catholic Episcopate as knitted up
in the See of St. Peter, 242.

_Leontius_, referred to, 275.

_Luke_, St., his purpose in writing the Acts, 114
part which he assigns to Peter, in general, 117-122
in particulars, 122-153
slightly mentions the other Apostles, 120
exhibits Peter's miracles as John does those of Christ, 131
makes him the main figure in the Apostolic college, 133.

_Lutherans_, their proofs for the real presence compared with those
of Catholics for the Primacy, 259.

M.

_Mamachi_, his works referred to, 255.

_Maximus_, St., of Turin,
says that Christ gave to Peter His own title, the Rock, 15
sets forth Peter's Primacy, 112.

_Maximus_, martyr, referred to, 242.

_Marius Victorinus_, makes Paul's visit an acknowledgment of
Peter's Primacy, 164.

_Mastrezat_, referred to, 232.

_Metaphor_, tests of clearness in, 267.

_More_, Sir Thomas, his statement to Luther of reasons for maintaining
the Primacy, 263.

_Mosheim_, his admission that the early Fathers set forth a unity which
terminates in the Papal See, as the hand does in the fingers, 197-8, note.

_Muzzarelli_, his works referred to, 255.

N.

_Names_, classes of, given in Scripture, 16.

_Nicole_, referred to, 232.

O.

_Oecumenius_, on the fruit of the Incarnation, 179.

_Optatus_, St., calls St. Peter's the single chair in which unity
was to be observed by all, 110
calls schism the greatest of evils, 231
referred to, as explaining the term Catholic, 237
ascribes the origin and maintenance of unity to Peter, 242.

_Origen_, says that Peter is so called from Christ the Rock, 10
calls Peter the great foundation of the Church, 15
describes the great honour given by Christ to Peter in the matter
of the didrachmna, 36
makes Peter the first, as Judas the last, of the Apostles, 89
referred to, as defining the Church, 223
distinguishes the Church as Catholic, 236
states the principle of tradition, 275
referred to, on same, 275.

P.

_Pacian_, St., calls the Church Catholic, 236
explains the term, 237, 238
describes the Church's unity, 239, note
ascribes the origin of unity to Peter, 242.

_Paul_, St., distinguishes St. Peter among the Apostles, 67
why so much said of him in the Acts, 121
his visitatorial power contrasted with St. Peter's, 146
his epistles incidentally confirm St. Peter's Primacy, 160
recognises St. Peter's Primacy, 161
by going to visit him, 162-165
and in his second visit, 166-169
what is involved in his censure of St. Peter, 169-171
its real amount, 177
force of his terming the Church "one body," 193
how emphatic he is in setting forth visible unity, 197.

_Pelagius_ II., Pope, 578-590
states privileges of the Apostolic See, 253.

_Petavius_, shows that spiritual jurisdiction springs from the direct
gift of Christ, 107.

_Peter_, St., first mention of him in the Gospel, 8
meaning of his name, 9
a special title of our Lord, 9
name first promised, 8
conferred, 11
explained and promises attached, 12, 97-99
titles of, betokening his association with Christ, 15
parallel between, and Abraham, 17-25, 206, 213-4
his name explained by St. Chrysostome, 27
his relation to the Apostles, 28, 98-9, 102, 104, 108
his instruction in the theology and economy, 30
witness of the transfiguration, 30
of the Lord's prayer in His agony, 32
of raising the daughter of Jairus, 33
associated with Christ in paying of the didrachma, 34
designated to be chief ruler of the Church, 48
charged to confirm his brethren, 49-63
is distinguished in having the resurrection proved to him, 66
all our Lord's promises fulfilled to him, 70, and following
mentioned by the Evangelists differently from the other Apostles., 84
named first in every catalogue, 86
his sphere distinguished from that of John, 91
his predominance in the sacred history, 92
how often mentioned in the Gospels, 93
and in the Acts, 118
the type, the origin, and the efficient cause of unity, 100, 108
looked up to, as a God upon earth, by the West, 113
prominence given to him in the Acts 116-122
directs the election of a new Apostle, 122
defends the Apostles on the day of Pentecost, 125
speaks for them the third and fourth time, 128
proves his supreme authority by special miracles, 129
cures Oeneas and raises Dorcas, 132
heals with his shadow, 133
receives the Samaritans into the Church, 133-7
and the Gentiles, 138-42
exercises supreme judicial power, 144
visits all churches, 145
is the first to pronounce decision in the council of Jerusalem, 147-151
his imprisonment and that of St. James and St. Paul, 151
summary of his conduct in the Acts, 153-6
his visible headship quite other than the headship of mystical
influx, 157
set with James and John parallel to Paul with Barnabas and Titus, 166
the head, centre, fountain, root, and principle of unity, 195
is in the episcopate what God the Father is in the divine monarchy, 195
his office in the Church acknowledged by friend and foe, 198
typified in Judith, 206, 214-5.

_Peter_, St. Chrysologus,
says of Peter that he founds the Church by his firmness, 15
advises Eutyches to obey the Pope, 61.

_Philip_, St., perhaps the first-called Apostle, 88

_Pionius_, St., his acts call the Church Catholic, 236.

_Polycarp_, St., the epistle on his death calls the Church Catholic, 236.

_Porphyry_, distorts Paul's censure of Peter, 171.

_Primacy_, the nature of, defined in the three palmary texts, 104-110
shown to consist in superiority of jurisdiction, 209-212
compared to the law of gravitation, 109, 209
institution and exercise of, compared, 155
the controversy on, reduced to one point, 205
summary of, as set forth in the Acts, 153
and generally, 200-203
the end and purpose of, 212
to which end three classes of reasons guide us,
i. the typical, 213
ii. the analogical, 217
iii. the real, 219
bound up in the visibility and unity of the Church, 235
what is required of those who deny it, 247
its denial the origin of all actual divisions among Christians, 248
its proof as considered _absolutely_, 249
_comparatively_ with that for the divine institution of bishops, the
real presence, and the divinity of Christ, 259-274
multiplicity of proof for it, 251-6
the opposition of Greeks, Anglicans, and Protestants to it, merely
negative, 257
parallel between the opposition to it by sects now, and that to the
doctrines of the Trinity and the Incarnation in the fourth, fifth,
and sixth centuries, 264.

_Primacy_ and _Apostolate_,
their relation to each other, 78, 98-9, 102, 104.

_Proclus_, Patriarch of Constantinople,
calls Peter first prelate of the Apostles, 216.

_Proofs_, the different sort of, and their whole sum, to be considered, 8
different sorts of, and the principal here used, 246
multiplicity of, for the Primacy, 247
as considered _absolutely_, 249
_comparatively_, 259
concurrence of four great proofs for the Primacy, 250.

_Prudentius_, calls Peter the first disciple of God, 61.

R.

_Reformers_, distort Paul's censure of Peter, 172
opposition between them and the Fathers as to Peter's Primacy, 176
as to Church principles 227, note
denied the visibility of the Church, 222, note.

S.

_Sacraments_ and _Symbols_ lead from the visible to the invisible, 192.

_Sense_, in writing, definition of, 266, note.

_Socrates_ and _Sozomen_, their canon respecting the bishop of Rome, 252.

_Stephen_, bishop of Dora, describes Peter's Primacy, 56, 83.

_Stephen_, bishop of Larissa,
makes all the Churches of the world to rest in Peter's confession, 62.

_Symmachus_, Pope A.D. 498-514
likens the unity of the Apostolic See to that of the Trinity, 196.

T.

_Tertullian_,
why our Lord gave Peter a name drawn from figures of Himself, 11
says the Church is built on Peter, 15
expresses Peter's supreme power, and distinguishes his sphere from
that of John, 91
ascribes the decision in the council of Jerusalem to St. Peter, 150, 164
referred to, as defining the Church, 223
and as explaining the term Catholic, 237, 238
sets forth Church unity, 224
denies that Peter's doctrine was censured, 175
calls the Catholic Church _near to Peter_, 241
says the Lord left the keys to Peter, and through him to the Church, 241
his rule not to search for the truth among heretics, 261
referred to, on the principle of tradition, 275.

_Theodore_, Abbot of the Stadium at Constantinople, addresses Pope
Pascal I. as Peter, and beseeches him to exert his Primacy, 56
calls Pope Leo III. father of fathers, &c., 216.

_Theodoret_, says _stone_ a title of our Lord, 10
terms Peter the most solid rock, 15
ascribes the decision in the Council of
Jerusalem to St. Peter, 151
recognises Peter's Primacy, 161 and 163.

_Theophylact_, says that Peter confirms not only the Apostles, but
all the faithful to the end of the world, 52
interprets John xxi. 15-17, of supreme power over the Church given
to Peter, 80.

_Thomas_, St., of Canterbury, sees in Paul's visit to Peter a proof
of his Primacy, 165.

U.

_Unity_,
that of the Father and the Son the archetype of the Church's unity, 195
fourfold in the Church, of mystical influx, charity, faith,
visible headship, 181-196
texts on the Church's unity, referred to 220, 273, n. 27
Protestant notions of the Church's unity, 222
that of Anglicans, 222
that of distinguishing between internal and external unity, 225
that of agreement in fundamentals, 232.

V.

_Valentinian_ III., his constitution on the Primacy quoted, 255.

_Vincent_ of Lerins, referred to, on principle of tradition, 275.

_Vitringa_, sets forth a Protestant notion of unity, 225-8.

_Voss_, on the Creed, referred to, 236.

W.

_Walemburg_, the brothers, referred to, 233.

Z.

_Zaccharia_, his works, referred to, 253.

_Zeno_, St., quoted, 15.

INDEX OF TEXTS.

THE NUMBER INDICATES THE PAGE.

GENESIS.
PAGE
v. 29 17
x. 25 16
xii. 1 18
-- 4 18
xvii. 5 18
-- 15 17
-- 19 16
xviii. 17 21
xxii. 1 19
-- 10 19
xxv. 25 16
-- 26 16
-- 30 16
xxvii. 36 16
xxx. 18 16
xxxii. 28 17
xl. 51-2 16
xlix. 10 215

EXODUS.

ii. 10 16

NUMBERS.

ii. 3-9 215
x. 14 215
xii. 2 156
xiii. 17 17
xvi. 3 155

JUDGES.

i. 1-3 215
xx. 18 215

1 PARALIP.

xxvii. 33 87

2 PARALIP.

xxvi. 20 87

NEHEMIAH.

xii. 45 87

PSALMS.

ii. 9 75
xlvii. 2 3
lxix. 26 123
lxxxii. 6 25
cviii. 8 123
cxvii. 22 9
cxxxi. 13, 14 4

WISDOM.

viii. 1 136

ISAIAH.

vii. 3 16
ix. 6 103
xxviii. 16 9, 24
xl. 9-11 72

EZECHIEL.

xxiv. 33 72

DANIEL.

ii. 35 9
ix. 26 5

OSEA.

i. 4-6-9 16

MICAH.

v. 2 42, 72

ZACHARIAH.

iii. 9 9

MALACHI.

l. 11 138

1. MACC.

ii. 2-4 16

MATTHEW.

i. 1 23
ii. 6 42
iii. 1 17
v. 14 3, 230
x. 1 11, 65
-- 2 87, 89
-- 5 134
-- 7 130
xii. 3 84, 90
xv. 24 134
-- 30 133
xvi. 13-19 12
-- 15 19, 93
-- 16 19, 64, 93, 94, 112
-- 17-20 95
-- 18 2, 94, 98, 103, 139, 163, 219, 221
-- 19 102, 103
xvii. 1 87
-- 23 34
-- 24 34, 90
-- 27 35, 90
xviii. 1 100
-- 2 38
-- 17 221
-- 18 65, 102, 221
-- 21 92
xix. 23 93
-- 27 93
-- 28 215
xx. 20 100
-- 27 87
xxiii. 8 44
-- 9 26
xxvi. 36 34
-- 40 90
-- 69 85
xxviii. 18 68, 102
-- 19 74
-- 19, 20 3, 221

MARK.

i. 16 70
-- 16, 17 18, 28
-- 18 18
-- 36 85, 90
ii. 25 84, 90
iii. 11 84
-- 13 5, 65
-- 14 11
-- 17 16
-- 16-19 86
iv. 38 71
v. 35 33
-- 37 87
xiii. 3 87
xiv. 33 87
xvi. 6 66
-- 7 85
-- 10 84, 90
-- 15 68, 74, 102, 138
-- 15-17 130

LUKE.

iv. 40, 41 133
v. 3 71
-- 10 18
vi. 4 84
-- 12, 13 65
-- 14 11
-- 14-17 86
viii. 24 71
-- 45 85, 90
-- 51 88
ix. 32 85, 90
xi. 5 261
xii. 41, 42 93
xv. 9 261
-- 22 87
xviii. 2 261
-- 34 38
xx. 20-23 40
xxii. 8 88
-- 22 57
-- 24 100
-- 24-30 39, 41, 57, 58, 59
-- 26 6, 141, 193, 194, 206, 210, 219, 221
-- 29 215
-- 32 21, 49, 51, 54, 55, 101, 104, 141, 219, 221
xxiv. 29 68, 102

JOHN.

i. 14 178
-- 35-42 8
-- 42 18
-- 43 89, 94
-- 44 88
iv. 23 138
v. 5-9 131
vi. 21 71
-- 67, 68 93
x. 11-14-16 72
-- 11-16 4
-- 16 104, 139
-- 34 25
xi. 16 92
-- 52 191
xiii. 6 92
-- 13 43
-- 34-36 183
xiv. 8 92
-- 12 26
-- 16 26, 188
-- 16-18 183
-- 16, 26 184, 230
-- 20 182
-- 26 184
xv. 1-2, 5-7 182
-- 9, 15 26
-- 12, 13, 17 183
-- 22-24 129
-- 26 221
-- 27 126
xvi. 7, 13-15 184
-- 13 43
xvii. 1
-- 11, 21 195
-- 12, 13 57, 65, 190, 194
-- 17 221
-- 21 129, 180, 221
xx. 21 122, 139
-- 21-23 102
-- 23 26
xxi. 1-14 71
-- 2 88
-- 15 19, 73, 104, 139, 219, 221
-- 16, 22 157, 158
-- 18 82
-- 21-22 91

ACTS.

i. 4-8 69, 102, 221
-- 8 126
-- 15 119
-- 15, 16, 20, 21, 22 123
ii. 13 119
-- 14 85
-- 13-16 125
-- 14, 27 119
-- 32 126
-- 36 126
-- 37 85
-- 37, 38 119
-- 37, 38, 40, 41 127
-- 44 129
iii. 2-8 131
-- 4 119
-- 11, 12 119
iv. 3 85
-- 4 128
-- 7, 8 128
-- 32 129
v. 2 145
-- 8, 3, 9 144
-- 12-14 133
-- 15-16 133
-- 29 85, 119
viii. 14 137
-- 14-22 135
ix. 32 138, 168
-- 31-32 145
-- 39-41 132
x. 1-6 138
x. 10 21
-- 10-16 139
-- 19 141
-- 28 140
-- 33, 43-47 141
xi. 1-4 142
-- 3, 17, 18 173
-- 18 156
xii. 1-5 152
xv. 6-11 69, 147
-- 7 21
-- 12 148
-- 28 149
-- 36 146
xvi. 4 69, 149
xvii. 28 115
xx. 28 69, 74, 75

ROMANS.

i. 11 54
-- 25 221
v. 5 183
viii. 15 26
-- 17 26
ix. 4-5 167
xii. 5 178
xv. 8 167
-- 9 168
xvi. 7 161
-- 25 51

1 CORINTHIANS.

i. 7 51
-- 12 160, 161
iii. 11 25
-- 22 160, 161
v. 1-5 69
ix. 5 160, 161
x. 4 112
-- 17 192
-- 18 214
xii. 7-13 186
-- 11 185, 188
-- 12 191, 194
-- 13 192
-- 27 115
xiii. 12 26
xiv. 33 221
xv. 1-9 67
-- 5 160

2 CORINTHIANS.

i. 21 51
iv. 17 230
viii. 23 161
x. 6 70

GALATIANS.

i. 16-19 162
-- 18 171, 174
ii. 1-2 165, 171
-- 7-9 166, 168
-- 8-9 168
-- 11-14 169
iii. 7 22
-- 16 23
v. 19, 20 221
vi. 16 214

EPHESIANS.

i. 9, 22 178
-- 10 29
-- 22 157, 197
ii. 20 9
-- 21 24
iii. 5 137
-- 6 51
-- 10 198
iv. 4 194, 197, 221
-- 7-16 186
-- 8, 11 197
-- 11 59, 105, 188, 193
-- 12 187, 193
-- 12-13 106
-- 13 185, 187
-- 14 187
-- 15 157, 230
-- 25 181
v. 23 191, 197, 230
-- 23, 27 157
-- 27 221
-- 30, 32 4

COLOSSIANS.

i. 17 104
-- 18 157, 194
ii. 6 51
-- 9 188

2 THESSALONIANS.

ii. 16 51

1 TIMOTHY.

i. 15 87
iii. 15 4, 221

2 TIMOTHY.

ii. 2 275

TITUS.

i. 5 146
ii. 11 221
-- 14 221
iii. 10 261

HEBREWS.

i. 3 104
xiii. 8 44
-- 20 104

1 PETER.

ii. 25 221
v. 3 153
-- 10 51, 53, 74, 75

2 PETER.

i. 4 197
-- 14 31
iii. 2, 3 230
-- 16 171

JAMES.

i. 17 204

1 JOHN.

i. 1 6
v. 6, 7 32

JUDE.

18 230

APOCALYPSE.

ii. 27 76
iii. 2 53, 54
-- 7 13, 103
vii. 9 140
xvii. 14 103
xix. 15 76
xxii. 16 13

LONDON: RICHARDSON AND SON, 172, FLEET STREET; 9, CAPEL ST., DUBLIN; AND DERBY.

* * * * *
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

Archaic spelling has been retained. Punctuation errors corrected without comment. Footnote markers in original book are inconsistent. Some come before the reference cited, some after, some in the middle. oe ligature not in latin-1 character set, replaced with oe Apparent typesetting errors corrected as noted below: Pg 18 begun changed to began (in the last days He began) Pg 43 ensample changed to example (given you an example)