Chapter VIII

SUMMARY OF THE PROOF GIVEN FOR S. PETER'S PRIMACY.

Points in question, _generally_, inequality in the Apostolic
College: _specially_, the appointment of one over the rest;
resolution of these tried by four examinations:--1. Into the words
and acts of Christ; which relate to the Apostles.--2. Into those
which seem to mark the institution of a singular authority.--3. Into
the mode of writing used by the evangelists.--4. Into the
history of the rising Church.--A concurrence of these four
points would prove the two questions 200

The analysis of what has been written shows this concurrence 201

Twelve arguments from what has been written, proving the
inequality of the Apostolic college, and Peter's Primacy 203

What is the force and nature of the Primacy.--Six proofs
establishing this to consist in superior jurisdiction 209

Enquiry into the end and purpose of the Primacy: for the
knowledge of the intention and purpose equivalent at least to
a _negative_ rule, ascertaining what _must_ be given to it 212

Three classes of reasons, typical, analogical, and real,
ascertain for us this purpose.--1. Typical. Parallel of Peter
with Abraham and its results 213

Parallel of Peter with Judah and its results 214

ii. Analogical. Analogy of body, house, kingdom, city, and fold,
and its results.--And of universal, and each particular Church on
one hand, and Primate and bishops on the other 217

iii. Real, whether educed from texts containing the institution
of the Primacy, or from the inherent properties of the Church.
1. Educed from texts 219
2. Educed from properties of the Church; _first_, its
_identity_; _secondly_, its _unity_; _thirdly_, its
_catholicity_; scriptural setting forth of unity 220

Further illustration from Protestant opinions of the Church's
unity.--

A. First, that of Anglicans, of unity in particular Churches,
but not in the universal Church, represented by Dodwell 222

B. Second opinion, set forth by Vitringa, of distinction between
the necessity of internal and that of external unity 225

C. Third opinion, of agreement in fundamentals 232

Two causes of this being held, one theoretical, the other
practical.--The former stated 233

The practical cause 234

Reasons educed, _thirdly_, from the _Catholicity_ of the
Church, with which the Primacy is bound up.--Catholicity has
two parts, one _material_ and one _formal_ 236

The _material_ part, amplitude and extension.--The _formal_
part, not only negative, but affirmative.--_Negative_, as
expelling from the one true Church all heretics and schismatics:
testimonies to it 237

_Affirmative_, at making a coherent body with members and
articulations 238

Testimonies to the _mode_ of this coherence, in Irenaeus,
Cyprian, and Tertullian, and the other Fathers, summed up
in S. Leo 239

Hence answers to the question whether the doctrine of
S. Peter's Primacy is contained in the creed.--It is involved
in one Catholic Church 243