Chapter D

Daphniacea, differences between allied species and genera, 516.

Darwin, C., influence of external conditions of life, 59;
inheritance at corresponding periods, 63, 275, 431;
markings of butterflies, 101;
definition of eye-spots, 326;
adaptation in larvæ, 392;
correlation of growth, 516;
degeneration, 583;
adaptation, 589;
causes of sterility, 596;
limited variability, 656;
factors of variability, 676;
abrupt variations, 701.

Degeneration, 583;
phyletic, 611.

_Deilephila_, division of larvæ into groups, 199;
_D. Euphorbiæ_, 1st larval stage, 202;
2nd and 3rd stages, 203;
4th and 5th stages, 205;
_D. nicæa_, larva, 207;
_D. dahlii_, larva, 208;
_D. vespertilio_, larva, 209;
_D. Galii_, larva, 211;
5th stage, 213;
_D. livornica_, larva, 215;
_D. Zygophylli_, larva, 217;
_D. Hippophaës_, larva, 218, 650;
division of larvæ according to phyletic stages, 223;
genealogy of, 358;
_D. Galii_, larva rejected, 340;
_D. Euphorbia_, larva eaten, 340;
habits of larvæ and imagines, 412;
_D. Robertsi_, larva, 525.

Development;
of marking of Sphinx-larvæ, laws of, 274;
phyletic, of markings of _Sphingidæ_, 370;
unequal phyletic, 460.

Dimorphism and polymorphism;
of butterflies, 250;
of Sphinx-larvæ, 300;
of pupæ, 412.

Diptera, incongruences among, 488;
imaginal characters of, 488;
divisions of, 498.

Dodo, extinction of, 651.

Dohrn, A.;
on degeneration, 583;
on functional change, 590.

Dorfmeister, G.;
experiments with _A. levana_, 11.

Duponchel;
figures of larvæ referred to, 207, 208, 218, 253.

Duméril;
experiments with Axolotl, 555, 564, 566, 593;
characters of Axolotl, 375, 576.

E.

Edwards, W. H., seasonal dimorphism of _P. pseudargiolus_ and
_P. violecea_, 4;
of _P. Tharos_ and _P. Marcia_, 4;
of _P. Ajax_, 30;
of _L. Artemis_ and _L. Proserpina_, 32;
experiments with _P. Ajax_ and _P. Tharos_, 33, 126, 140;
pupal period of winter forms of _P. Ajax_, 36;
experiments with _G. interrogationis_, 149;
early stages of larvæ of N. American butterflies, 165;
larva of _P. pseudargiolus_ and attendant ants, 290;
figures of larvæ referred to, 165, 436, 437.

Eimer, colour variation in _Lacerta muralis_, 361.

_Emmelesia unifasciata_, larva phytophagically variable, 307.

Environment, direct and indirect action of, 686.

_Ephyra punctaria_ and _E. omicronaria_, seasonal dimorphism of, 4.

_Eriogaster lanestris_, larva eaten by lizards, 336.

_Eriotus Pteridis_, resemblance of larva, 320.

_Euchelia Jacobææ_;
larva and imago rejected by lizards, 336;
constant in all three stages, 405.

_Euchloe_:
_E. belia_ and _E. ausonia_, seasonal dimorphism of, 3;
_E. belia_, climatic variation of, 47;
var. _Simplonia_ in Alps, 48;
_E. belemia_, seasonal dimorphism and migration of, 78.

_Euproctus Rusconii_, habits of, 617.

_Eusmerinthus Kindermanni_, larva, 526.

Evershed, J., larva of _C. porcellus_, 188.

Eye-spots;
repetition of, 277;
development of, 325, 327;
terrifying action, 330;
resemble flower-buds, 334;
useful when rudimentary, 366.

F.

Fatiot, Amphibia of Upper Engadine, 616.

Fechner, on conscious matter, 714.

Filippi, De, _Triton alpestris_, 585.

Forel, Prof., fresh water _Pulmonifera_, 590.

Form-relationship and blood-relationship, not always coincident, 395.

Frantzius, Von, on climate of Mexico, 619.

Frogs, 615, 616, 618;
inedible species, 294.

Function, change of, 365.

G.

Gegenbaur, Prof., the skull of Axolotl, 576.

Gehrig, breeding of Axolotl, 565.

Gené, habits of _Euproctus Rusconii_, 617.

Genera, Lepidopterous, show greatest congruence, 459.

Generation, heterogeneous, 679, 698, 702.

Gentry, T. G., phytophagic variability of caterpillars, 306.

Gerstäcker, division of the Diptera, 498.

_Geotriton fuscus_, habits, 617.

Glacial epoch; butterflies monogoneutic during, 19, 72;
in N. America, 622.

Gooch, W. D., description of larvæ referred to, 436;
crepuscular butterflies, 476;
sexual dimorphism of caterpillars, 535.

Gooseberry, not increased in size, 654.

Goss, H., larva of _C. porcellus_, 188.

Gosse, P. H., embryonic larva of _P. Homerus_, 167.

_Grapta interrogationis_, experiments with, 149.

Green colour of caterpillars, 293, 310.

Growth, law of, 655.

Gynandromorphism in butterflies, 249.

_Gynanisa Isis_, young larva, 166.

H.

Haeckel, Prof., on metagenesis, 80, 83;
on ontogeny, 270;
on adaptation, 281, 589;
on the biogenetic law, 611;
on reproduction and growth, 664;
the plastidule theory, 667.

Hare, white variation of, 660.

Hartmann, E. von; his views examined, 645;
on variability, 646, 652, 655, 664;
on heredity, 657;
his “Philosophy of the Unconscious,” 670;
on correlation, 670, 673;
on the nature of species, 671;
on design in nature, 696;
on the sensibility of atoms, 714.

Helmholtz, Prof., on natural laws, 668;
on the senses, 711.

_Hemaris hylas_, larva, 255.

Heredity, alternating and continuous, 24;
cyclical, 66;
homochronic, 63, 431;
not mechanical, 657;
nature of, 667.

Herrich-Schäffer, wing neuration of butterflies, 449.

Hertwig, on teeth of Amphibia, 376.

Heterogenesis, definition of, 82, 96;
parallelism between and metamorphosis, 86;
origination of, 89.

Heyden, Von, reproduction of _Aphis_, 97.

Hilgendorf, on fossil shells, 109.

_Hipparchia semele_, colour variations, 8.

Hoffmann, Ernst, on immigration of European butterflies, 77.

Horsfield and Moore, figures of caterpillars referred to, 193, 195,
196, 243, 253, 261.

Hübner, figures of caterpillars referred to, 193, 208, 211, 218, 231,
267.

Humboldt, Baron, on the Lake of Mexico, 608, 621.

Huxley, Prof., “Anatomy of Invertebrated Animals” referred to, 498.

_Hydromedusæ_, alternation of generations in, 83;
want of parallelism in different generations of, 395.

Hydrozoa, asexual reproduction and polymorphosis, 83.

Hymenoptera, incongruence among, 481;
imaginal characters, 481;
causes of incongruence, 486.