Chapter I

_Ingle_, Richard,
his part in the Clayborne and Ingle rebellion, 491.

_Iron_,
importance of, 352
the ancients carried nearly to perfection the preparation of other
metals, iron still in a state of advancement, 353
its use by the Egyptians in the time of Moses, 354
its importance gathered from Homer; used by Lycurgus for currency; in
Solomon's temple, 354
art of welding; mines of Elba; steel; cast iron, 355
appearances of good and bad iron, 356
impurities in ores, 356, 357
grey and white cast iron, 358
theory of Karsten on, 359
reduction of ores, 361, 362
blooming, 363
stuckoffen, 364
flossoffen, 365
blast furnaces 365-368
casting; pig iron, 368
causes of whiteness, 369
fuel adapted to different kinds of castings, 370, 371
early preparation of iron in the British American provinces, and
attempt to introduce into England, 372
refining, 373-375
cost of manufacturing iron in England, 375, 376
duty on iron in this country; its manufacture by charcoal; stone coal;
capital required for a profitable competition, 377-380
how far government ought to afford protection, 385.

_Irving_, Washington,
his Voyages and Discoveries of the Companions of Columbus, reviewed,
163-186
why this book is not so interesting as the Life of Columbus, 164
voyage of discovery of Alonzo de Ojeda, associated with Juan de la
Cosa and Amerigo Vespucci, 165
arrival on the coast of Surinam, 166
gives the name which it still bears to the town of Venezuela, 167
reception at Coquibacoa, _ib._
profitable voyage of Pedro Alonzo Nino and Christoval Guerra, 168
expedition of Vincente Yanez Pinzon, _ib._
of Diego de Lepe, 169
of Rodrigo de Bastides, assisted by Juan de la Cosa, _ib._
Ojeda and Diego de Nicuesa receive contiguous grants of territory, and
quarrel about the boundary, 170
Ojeda relieved from embarrassment by Martin Fernandez de Enciso, and
sails, having on board Francisco Pizarro, 171
disasters among the savages, and Ojeda's reconciliation with Nicuesa,
173
founds St. Sebastian; distress of the colony, _ib._
sails for St. Domingo with Bernardo de Talavera, 174
shipwreck, _ib._
death, 175
Vasco Nunez de Balboa proceeds with Enciso to Ojeda's new settlement,
176
events there, 177
fate of Nicuesa, _ib._
Enciso superseded by Vasco Nunez, 171
his adventures; discovery of the Pacific Ocean, and return to Darien,
178-181
Pedro Arias Davila supersedes Vasco Nunez and has him executed, 181-184
Valdivia, and Juan Ponce de Leon, 184
merits of the work, 185.

_Italy_,
Notes on, by Rembrandt Peale, reviewed, 512, &c.
the author's long-cherished desire to visit Italy repeatedly
frustrated, 513
arrival in the Bay of Naples, 514
catacombs of Santa Maria della Vita, 515
Rome, 516
appearance, &c. of the inhabitants, 517
Tivoli, Tuscany, Florence, 518, 519
the celebrated improvisatrice Rosa Taddei, 520-521
Pisa, Carrara, Genoa, 521
Parma, Bologna, entrance into Venice, 522, 523
statue of San Carlo Borromeo, 524
return to France; and home through England, 524, 525
ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii, 525-527
workers in Mosaic, 529
statuary, 530
colouring of different artists, 531, 532.

J.

_Jackson_, Gen. Andrew,
his proceedings at New-Orleans, before, during, and after the
battle, 218-231
his message to Congress in relation to the Bank of the United
States, 246-282.

_Jagellon_,
weds Hedwiga, daughter of Lewis of Hungary, and ascends the Polish
throne, 462, &c.

_James_ I.,
his counterblast to tobacco, 136-140
his dinner for the devil, 145
argument in his counterblast, 148.

_Johnson_, Mr.,
his letter on the culture of the sugar cane, 199-201.

_Journal_ of proceedings of Literary and Scientific gentleman at
New-York,
notice of, 283, &c.

K.

_Kamtchatka_,
Travels in, 52, &c. See _Dobell_, Peter.

_Karsten_, C. I. B.,
his manuel de la Metallurgie de fer, translated from the German by
F. I. Culman, notice of, 352, &c. See _Iron_.

_Klootchefsky_,
volcano of, 66.

_Koskiusko_, count,
his efforts for Polish liberty, 476, &c. See _Poland_.