Chapter I: Part 1

_Vol. V._

_of the_

Botanists Repository

_Comprising,
Colour’d Engravings_

of

_New and Rare Plants_

ONLY

With Botanical Descriptions &c.

_in_

_Latin and English_,

_after the_

Linnæan System.

_by_

_H. Andrews_

_Botanical Printer Engraver &c._

Mo. Bot.

1904.
]

PLATE CCLXXXIX.

PROTEA CORDATA.

_Heart-shape-leaved Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx, proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft or four petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the ends. Cup, proper, none. Seeds solitary.

See PROTEA FORMOSA, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Protea foliis cordatis.

Protea with heart-shaped leaves.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Floret before the petals have separated, natural size. 2. The same, magnified, after the bursting of the petals. 3. The Pointal and Seed-bud, natural size.

The Heart-shape-leaved Protea was introduced to Britain in the year 1792, from the Cape of Good Hope, by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy; at whose nursery it is now, this present month of March, 1803, in flower for the first time in this country. The plant is only found on the mountains of that part of the Cape called Hottentots Holland; the stem, in its native state, laying on the ground, seldom more than a foot in length, and the flowers proceeding from it near its base. It is rather delicate, should be kept in a very airy part of the green-house, and planted in a light loamy soil. It is propagated by cuttings, made in the month of April, and kept under a common hand-glass, the pot being plunged in a shady border.

Of this Protea there is a good figure in Thunberg’s _Dissertatio de Protea_, Upsal, quarto edition, 1781, Plate 5, fig. 1.

PLATE CCXC.

APONOGETON DISTACHYON.

_Broad-leaved Aponogeton._

CLASS XI. ORDER IV.

_DODECANDRIA TETRAGYNIA._ Twelve Chives. Four Pointals.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX nullus, nisi squama spathacea externum latus floris cingens, simplex, sessilis, ovata, obtusa, integra, erecta, glabra, colorata.

COROLLA nulla.

STAMINA. Filamenta undecim ad novemdecim, superioribus floribus pauciora, intra spatham et capsulas inserta, subulata, glabra, alba, spatha multoties breviora. Antheræ erectæ, bifidæ.

PISTILLA. Germina plerumque quatuor, raro tria seu quinque. Styli nulli. Stigmata subulata, incurvata.

PERICARPIUM. Capsulæ quatuor, rarius tres seu quinque, ovatæ, subulato-acutæ, exteriore latere gibbæ, interiore planæ, glabræ, unilocularis.

SEMINA, in quacumque capsula tria, basi capsula affixa, sessilia, obovata, obtusissima, sub-compressa, glabra.

EMPALEMENT none, except a sheathing scale surrounding the outer side of the flower, simple, sitting close, egg-shaped, obtuse, intire, upright, smooth, coloured.

BLOSSOM none.

CHIVES. Threads eleven to nineteen, in the upper flowers fewer, inserted between the spathe and the capsules, awl-shaped, smooth, white, much shorter than the spathe. Tips upright, two-cleft.

POINTALS. Seed-buds often four, seldom three or five. Shafts none. Summits awl-shaped, turned inwards.

SEED-VESSEL. Capsules four, seldom three or five, egg-shaped, pointed, awl-shaped, unequally swelled on the outside, flat on the inner, smoothed, one-celled.

SEEDS in each capsule three, fixed to the base of it, sitting close, inversely egg-shaped, very blunt, rather flattish, smooth.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Aponogeton spica bifida; foliis eliptico-lanceolatis, natantibus; bracteis integris; floribus polyandris.

Aponogeton with a two-branched spike; leaves eliptically lance-shaped, floating; floral leaves entire; flowers with many chives.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Floret, with its floral leaf, magnified.

2. The Seed-buds and Summits, magnified.

This Genus of Plants in the Catalogue of the Kew Garden, is placed to the Class Heptandria, and perhaps, with as much propriety as where it now stands in Thunberg, Schreber, &c. for the number of chives in almost every floret differs in this, and all the other species, from six to twenty. It is there said to have been introduced to us in 1788 from the Cape of Good Hope by Mr. F. Masson. It is found near Cape Town in most of the brooks; is very sweet scented, and flowers from April till November. As an aquatic it is very desirable for those who cultivate those plants, the fragrance of the flowers being nearly equal to our Nymphæa alba, or White Water Lily; and this, added to the contrasted effect of the deep brown antheræ upon the pure white floral leaves, which indeed have the appearance of blossoms, give the whole an indescribable trait of beauty, peculiar to itself. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian collection.

PLATE CCXCI.

SENECIO PSEUDO-CHINA.

_China-root Groundsel._

CLASS XIX. ORDER II.

_SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA._ Tips united. Superfluous Pointals.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Communis calyculatus, conicus, truncatus; squamis subulatis, plurimis, in cylindrum superne contractum, parallelis, contiguis, æqualibus, paucioribus basin imbricatim tegentibus, apicibus emortuis.

COROLLA. Composita, calyce altior; Corullulæ hermaphroditæ tubulosæ, numerosæ in disco; Femineæ ligulatæ in radio (si quæ adsint).

_Propria_ hermaphroditi infundibuliformis; limbo reflexo, quinquefido.

_Femineis_ (si quæ) oblonga, obsolete tridentata.

STAMINA. Hermaphroditis; filamenta quinque, capillaria, minima. Anthera cylindracea, tubulosa.

PISTILLUM utrisque; germen ovatum. Stylus filiformis, longitudine staminum. Stigmata duo, oblonga, revoluta.

PERICARPIUM nullum. Calyx conico-connivens.

SEMINA hermaphroditis solitaria, ovata. Pappus crinitus, longus. Femineis similima hermaphroditis.

RECEPTACULUM nudum, planum.

EMPALEMENT. Common, double, conical, appearing cut off; scales awl-shaped, numerous, contracted above into a cylinder, parallel, contiguous, equal, the base tiled by a few scales, dead at the ends.

BLOSSOM. Compound, taller than the cup; Hermaphrodite florets tubular, numerous in the disk; Female florets (if there are any) tongue-shaped in the circumference.

_Hermaphrodite_ florets funnel shaped, border reflexed, five-cleft.

_Female florets_ (if any) oblong, obscurely three-toothed.

CHIVES. Of the hermaphrodite florets; five threads, hair-like, very small. Tips forming a tubular cylinder.

POINTAL in either; Seed-bud egg-shaped. Shaft thread-shaped, the length of the chives. Summits two, oblong, rolled back.

SEED-VESSEL none. Empalement closing into a cone.

SEEDS of hermaphrodite florets solitary, egg-shaped. Feather hairy, long. Females like the hermaphrodites.

RECEPTACLE naked, flat.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Senecio foliis sinuatis, integris, discoloribus; corollis purpureis; radice tuberosa.

Groundsel with obtusely indented leaves entire and two-coloured; blossoms purple; root tuberous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Cup.

2. A Female floret, of the ray or circumference.

3. A Pointal of the female floret magnified.

4. An Hermaphrodite floret of the disk or centre.

5. The Chives and Pointal of an Hermaphrodite floret, magnified.

The roots of this plant were received at the same time with the double Camellias, China Roses, &c. from China, by the late J. Slater, Esq. of Laytonstone, Essex; we have, nevertheless, good reason to believe it was known formerly in our gardens; but has been certainly lost, for many years, to us. It is said to have been cultivated by James Sherrard, M. D. in 1732, as copied from Dellinens’s Hortus Elthamensis, into the Kew Catalogue. Miller speaks of it as flowering freely, and perfecting its seeds; whereas, in the Hort. Kew. they omit its time of flowering, which, had it ever flowered there, would certainly have been noted. Our drawing was taken in the month of July last year, 1802, from a plant in the Hibbertian Collection, the first and only time we have ever seen it flower in England. It is propagated by the roots, which are large and fleshy; the plant is herbaceous, and should have but little water during the winter months, as the roots are very subject to rot; they are imported from India as a drug, under the name of China-root. Must be kept in the hot-house, and planted in rich earth.

PLATE CCXCII.

GERANIUM UNDULATUM.

_Waved-flowered Geranium._

CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.

_MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Threads united. Ten Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

MONOGYNA. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.

ONE POINTAL. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Geranium foliis lanceolatis ciliatis, sub-integris; petalis sub-æqualibus, sub-linearibus, undulatis; floribus umbellatis, pentandris; radice tuberosa.

Geranium with lance-shaped flowers, fringed nearly intire; petals almost equal, nearly linear, waved; flowers grow in umbels, five fertile chives; root tuberous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Empalement cut open, to shew its tubular structure.

2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.

3. The Chives, magnified and cut open.

4. The Pointal and Seed bud, magnified.

This tuberous rooted Geranium, from the Cape of Good Hope, has some affinity with the G. spathulatum, as to the shape of the leaves; but the whole habit of the plant is so totally different, that we could not, with any degree of propriety, consider it as a variety of that species. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, to which it was introduced in the year 1800, by Mr. Niven. It flowers in June, and may be propagated by the root. The treatment is the same as that required for the rest, of this division, of the Genus.

PLATE CCXCIII.

LACHNÆA PURPUREA.

_Purple-flowered Lachnæa._

CLASS VIII. ORDER I.

_OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Eight Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX nullus. Corolla quadrifida; limbo inæquali. Semen unum, sub-baccatum.

CUP none. Blossom four-cleft; border unequal. One seed, like a berry.

See LACHNÆA ERIOCEPHALA, Pl. CIV. Vol. II.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Lachnæa capitulis solitariis; corollis glabris, purpureis; foliis trigonis, obtusis, quadrifariam imbricatis.

Lachnæa with solitary heads of flowers; blossoms smooth, purple; leaves three-sided, obtuse, tiled in four-rows.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. One of the floral Leaves, which surround the head of flowers at the base.

2. A Flower complete.

3. A Blossom cut open, the lower part cut off, to shew the insertion of the Chives at the mouth.

4. The Pointal, natural size.

5. The same magnified.

This most singular genus of plants, in external appearance so resembling passerina, yet so perfectly distinct in the parts of fructification, is certainly amongst the handsomest of the natural order in which it ranks. The long slender chives which extend nearly to the length of the border of the blossom, independent of the singular retrofraction of one of its segments, give it a character, we think, decidedly sufficient on which to have formed the Genus. This is the third species known; it was introduced to the Hibbertian collection, in 1800, by Mr. Niven, from the Cape of Good Hope. It is a very delicate plant, subject to be destroyed by damps, flowers in July, and may be increased by cuttings. It thrives best in a mixture of light sand and loam.

Thunberg, in his Prod. Plant. Cap. has referred the whole genus to Passerina.

PLATE CCXCIV.

PROTEA CANDICANS.

_Hoary-leaved Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM 4-cleft, or 4 petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the point. Cup, proper, none. Seeds solitary.

See PROTEA FORMOSA, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Protea foliis apicibus tridentatis, eliptico-lanceolatis, obliquis, candidissimis; capitulis terminalibus; calyx imbricatus, squamis acutis; corollis luteis.

Protea with leaves three-toothed at the ends, eliptically-lance-shaped, oblique and very hoary; heads of flowers terminal; cup tiled, scales pointed, blossoms yellow.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Floret, the petals separated, natural size.

2. One of the Petals magnified.

3. The Pointal, and Seed-bud, natural size, the Summit detached, magnified.

4. The Empalement, natural size.

Our present plant is one of the rarest Proteas at this time in England; as, we believe, there has never been but one importation of the seeds from the Cape, and no one species of this numerous genus is with more difficulty propagated by cuttings. Its lower leaves are apt to suffer much from damps in winter; in consequence, the stem becomes bare till near the top; the plant grows about three feet high, and flowers in August, or September. Our figure was taken from the Hibbertian collection, where it flowered, in 1802, for the first time in Britain. We owe its introduction to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Hammersmith, about the year 1790. We have our doubts of this plant being the P. tomentosa of Thunberg; for although he, in his description of that species, comes nigh many of the characters of P. candicans, yet his determining the leaves to be linear, and downy, and our having drawings, taken from two other species, approaching this in habit, yet nigher affined to P. tomentosa, we have retained his specific title for one of them, the other yet unnamed; which will both be given in due course.

PLATE CCXCV.

PASSIFLORA AURANTIA.

_Norfolk Island Passion-Flower._

CLASS XX. ORDER IV.

_GYNANDRIA PENTANDRIA._ Chives on the Pointal. Five Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

TRIGYNA. Calyx 5-phyllus. Petala 5. Nectarium corona. Bacca pedicellata.

THREE styles. Cup 5-leaved. Petals 5. Honey-cup forming a crown. Berry standing on a foot-stalk.

See Pl. CCVII. PASSIFLORA MALIFORMIS. Vol. IV.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Passiflora foliis trilobis, lobis oblongis obtusis, medio longiore; petiolis biglandulosis; nectario cylindraceo, denticulato; corolla aurantia.

Passion-Flower with three-lobed leaves; lobes oblong, obtuse, the middle one the longest; foot-stalks with two glands; honey-cup cylindrical and toothletted; blossom orange-coloured.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Exhibits the half of a flower as cut perpendicularly through the middle, with the whole of the Pointal and Chives in their place.

This species of Passion Flower, from Norfolk Island, was introduced to Britain in the year 1792, and was first raised, from seeds, at the Hammersmith Nursery. It is a greenhouse plant, loving heat and drought, thrives in a light sandy soil, and is readily increased by cuttings; which should be placed in the heat of the bark-bed in the hothouse, or cucumber hot-bed, in the month of April.

In the young state of the plant, the leaves are less harsh, appear rather scolloped than lobed, and much resemble in shape those of the Maiden-hair Fern, or Adiantum Capillus-veneris; whence the trivial name, _adiantifolia_, which it bears in most collections. But, as there can be no doubt of our present plant being that designed by Forster, in his Prod. flor. insul. austral. No. 326; of Cavanilles in his Dissertationes classis Monadelphiæ, Diss. 10. p. 457; and as lastly quoted by Willdenow, in his new Sp. Plant. Tom. 3, Part 1, p. 620; we have, without hesitation, adopted the specific title it there bears. As an addition to the very few handsome climbing plants fit to decorate the trellis-work of our modern greenhouses, or conservatories, this plant must be considered as a great acquisition; as the growth is rapid, the foliage of a fine green, and the flowering abundant.

Our figure was taken from a plant in the conservatory of the Hibbertian collection, Clapham common.

PLATE CCXCVI.

LACHENALIA ROSEA.

_Rose-coloured Lachenalia._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 6-partita, infera; petalis tribus interioribus longioribus. Stamina erecta. Capsula subovata, trialata. Semina globosa.

BLOSSOM 6-divided, beneath; the three inner petals the longest. Chives erect. Capsule nearly egg-shaped, three-winged. Seeds globular.

See LACHENALIA PENDULA, Pl. XLI. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Lachenalia foliis binis, lanceolato-linearibus, obtusis; petalis interioribus longioribus; scapo lævi filiforme; corollis roseis.

Lachenalia with two leaves between, lance and linear-shaped, obtuse; the inner petals the longest; flower-stem smooth and thread-shaped; blossoms rose-coloured.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Blossom cut open, shewn from the inside, the Chives in their place.

2. The same, shewn from the outside.

3. The Seed-bud and Pointal, natural size.

This plant we believe to be perfectly new to Britain, and in no other collection, at present, than that of G. Hibbert, Esq. Clapham; where the drawing of our figure was taken in May, 1802; and to which it had been added, the preceding year, by Mr. Niven, from the Cape of Good Hope.

It is a tender bulb, and rather impatient of moisture; increases by the bulb; should not be removed from its pot but to give it fresh earth, and is fond of a light, loamy soil. It is without scent.

PLATE CCXCVII.

NYMPHÆA ODORATA.

_Sweet-scented Water-Lily._

CLASS XIII. ORDER I.

_POLIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Many Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 4, 5, seu 6-phyllus. Corolla polypetala. Bacca multi-locularis, truncata.

Cup 4, 5, or 6-leaved. Blossom many petals. Berry many-celled, appearing cut off at top.

See NYMPHÆA CÆRULEA, Pl. CXCVII. Vol. III.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Nymphæa foliis subrotundis, integris emarginatis, lobis divaricatis, obtusissimis, margine parum incurvatis; calyce tetraphyllo; flore albo.

Water Lily with almost round leaves, entire, and notched at the end; lobes straddling, very obtuse, and turned up slightly at the edge; cup four-leaved; flower white.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Chive.

2. The Seed-bud and Summits.

3. The Seed-bud cut transversely.

This species of Water-Lily we should consider rather as a variety, than as a distinct species; it has every character of our common white Water-Lily, except the size and hardiness; it has the same powerful fragrance, but will not stand the severity of our winters. It is a native of Carolina and Virginia, North America; was introduced to us in the year 1786, by William Hamilton, Esq. of Philadelphia, and flowers during the summer months, if kept in the hot-house. Requires the same treatment as the blue species from the Cape of Good Hope. May be increased from the seed, or from the root. Our drawing was taken from a plant in the Clapham collection.

PLATE CCXCVIII.

ANTHERICUM COSTATUM.

_Ribbed-leaved Anthericum._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX, nullus.

COROLLA. Petala sex, oblonga, obtusa, patentissima.

STAMINA. Filamenta sex, subulata, erecta. Antheræ parvæ, incumbentes, quadrisulcæ.

PISTILLUM. Germen obsolete trigonum. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigma obtusum, trigonum.

PERICARPIUM. Capsula ovata, glabra, trisulca, trilocularis, trivalvis.

SEMINA numerosa, angulata.

EMPALEMENT. none.

BLOSSOM. Six petals, oblong, blunt, spreading very much.

CHIVES. Six threads, awl-shaped, upright. Tips small, laying on the threads, four-furrowed.

POINTAL. Seed-bud bluntly three-sided. Shaft simple, the length of the chives. Summit blunt, and three-cornered.

SEED-VESSEL. Capsule egg-shaped, smooth, three-furrowed, three-valved.

SEEDS numerous, angulated.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Anthericum foliis hirsutis, planis, costatis, lineari-ensiformibus, supra medium reflexis; scapo simplici, glabro; floribus albis; radice bulboso.

Anthericum with hairy, flat, leaves, ribbed, linearly sword-shaped, turned back from the middle; flower-stem simple, smooth; flowers white, root bulbous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Chives and Pointal, magnified.

2. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, magnified.

3. The half of the Seed-bud cut transversely, magnified.

It is much to be lamented that we, as yet, have not discovered a mode of treatment by which many of the species or Albuca, Ornithogalum, Anthericum, &c. from the Cape, might be induced to flower with us, after the first year from their importation; since many of them never produce more than a few leaves afterwards; and this plant, we fear, is amongst the number. It makes a very handsome and sweet bunch of flowers, which have considerable duration, not less than a month from first expansion. We can say little as to the propagation and culture; as it has not as yet increased, nor has it produced any flowers since our drawing was made, in August 1801. We think it is only in the Hibbertian Collection, to which it was introduced by Mr. Niven, in 1800, from the Cape of Good Hope.

PLATE CCXCIX.

LACHENALIA REFLEXA.

_Reflexed-flowered Lachenalia._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives, One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 6-partita, infera; petalis tribus interioribus longioribus. Stamina erecta. Capsula subovata, trialata. Semina globosa.

BLOSSOM 6-divided, beneath; the three inner petals the longest. Chives erect. Capsule nearly egg-shaped, three-winged. Seeds globular.

See LACHENALIA PENDULA, Pl. XLI. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Lachenalia foliis ovato-lanceolatis, plurimis; petalis equalibus, acutis, reflexis, rubro punctatis; germine pedicillato, subgloboso.

Lachenalia with leaves between egg and lance-shaped, numerous; petals equal, pointed, reflexed, and dotted with red spots; seed-bud with a foot-stalk, and roundish.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. One of the Petals, which are divided to the base, with its chive.

2. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, natural size.

3. The same, magnified.

This curious Lachenalia, for such it must be considered, though in many parts widely different from congeners, is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, and was received from thence in the year 1798, by J. Vere, Esq. of Kensington Gore; in whose collection, we believe, it is only to be found, and where our drawing was taken in the month of June 1801. It is a tender bulb, and requires a considerable degree of heat to make it flower, and does not appear to have any tendency to increase, although, Mr. Anderson informs us, he has tried it in various situations and soils to that end.

PLATE CCC.

GERANIUM OXALIDIFOLIUM.

_Wood-Sorrel-leaved Geranium._

CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.

_MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Threads united. Ten Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

MONOGYNA. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.

ONE POINTAL. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Geranium foliis ternatis, foliolis ovatis, obtusis, ciliatis; floribus pentandris; radice tuberosa.

Geranium with leaves composed of three leaflets, which are egg-shaped, obtuse, and fringed; flowers with five fertile chives; root tuberous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Empalement of a flower cut open, to shew its tubular structure.

2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.

3. The Chives spread open, magnified.

4. The Pointal, natural size.

5. The same, magnified.

The species of Geranium here figured, is of the same character, in all points of view, as most of the tuberous species lately introduced from the Cape by G. Hibbert, Esq. in whose collection, at Clapham, it is only to be found, at present; and where our drawing was taken, in July 1802.

PLATE CCCI.

PROTEA GRANDIFLORA. _Var. foliis undulatis._

_Large-flowered Protea._ _Waved-leaved Var._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM 4-cleft, or 4 petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the end. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

See PROTEA FORMOSA, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Protea foliis lanceolatis glaberrimis, utrinque acuminatis, marginibus subcallosis, parum undulatis; squamæ calycinæ lanceolatæ erectæ, interiores pilis longissimis nigris cristitatæ.

Protea with lance-shaped leaves, smooth, tapered to both ends, rather thickened at the edges, and a little waved; the scales of the empalement are lance-shaped and upright, the inner ones crested, with very long black hairs.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Flower complete, as it stands on the receptacle of the common cup.

2. The same, with one of the petals detached, to shew the situation of the chives near the ends.

3. The Pointal, complete.

The round tufts of long hair which terminate the inner scales of the cup, in this Protea, and its varieties, constitute its principal, distinguishing specific character from P. speciosa; whose scales are fringed at the summits, and to which our present plant is nearest allied. It is, without doubt, one of the handsomest of this fine tribe of plants; not only in the beauty of the blossom, but for its general habit; as it does not grow above three feet high, very bushy, and producing its flowers at the age of three or four years. It is increased by cuttings only, as are most of the species of this extensive genus, none of them perfecting their seeds in this climate, or producing roots by laying the branches. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, to which it was introduced in 1800, by Mr. Niven, from the Cape of Good Hope, in the month of May, 1802.

PLATE CCCII.

LACHENALIA FRAGRANS.

_Sweet-scented Lachenalia._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 6-petala, infera; petalis tribus interioribus longioribus. Stamina erecta. Capsula subovata trialata. Semina globosa.

BLOSSOM six petals, beneath; the three inner petals the longest. Chives erect. Capsule nearly egg-shaped, three-winged. Seeds globular.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Lachenalia foliis geminis, ovato-oblongis, humi adpressis; corollis campanulatis pedunculatis horizontalibus; petalis sub-æqualibus; scapo erecto.

Lachenalia with one pair of leaves, oblong-egg-shaped, laying on the ground; blossoms bell shaped with foot-stalks, growing horizontally; petals nearly equal; flower-stem upright.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Blossom with the Chives in their place, one of the tips detached and magnified.

2. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Summit.

3. The same, magnified.

4. The Seed-bud, cut transversely, magnified.

The extreme fragrance of this plant, amply compensates for its want of beauty; it retains its sweetness through the whole period of its flowering, which is of near a month’s continuance. There is a species of this genus, much resembling our plant in flower, but nothing in the leaf; it is known by the name of L. patens, and has been frequently sold for this, but its scent is quite different, and it flowers much earlier; that is to say, in the month of March, but the L. fragrans does not produce its blossoms till May. It is a very hardy greenhouse bulb, and requires no particular management to make it flower; this, however, it does not do, but once in two years; not even appearing in foliage, but in the second year from its flowering. Our figure was made at the Hammersmith Nursery, to which it was introduced, from the Cape of Good Hope, in the year 1798.

PLATE CCCIII.

GERANIUM BARBATUM.

_Bearded-leaved Geranium._

CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.

_MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Chives united. Ten Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

MONOGYNA. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.

ONE POINTAL. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Geranium foliis pinnatis; foliolis inequaliter dentatis barbatis; floribus umbellatis; staminibus quinque fertilibus, binis longioribus reflexis; scapo polystachio; radice tuberosa.

Geranium with winged leaves; leaflets unequally toothed and bearded; flowers grow in umbels; five fertile chives, the two longest reflexed; flower-stem branched; root tuberous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The cup, natural size, cut open.

2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.

3. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.

4. The Pointal and Seed-bud, magnified.

The singular bearded termination, on each tooth, of the leaflets of this species of Geranium, has induced us to give it a specific title; although, in many other respects, it approaches very near two or three others, already figured, by us, of this long genus. It is from the same country with the other tuberous species, and introduced to the Hibbertian collection in 1800, where our drawing was made in July 1802.

PLATE CCCIV.

DAVIESIA ULICIFOLIA.

_Furze-leaved Daviesia._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Perianthium monophyllum, campanulatum quinquedentatum; laciniis equalibus erectis.

COROLLA papillionacea, pentapetala.

_Vexillum_ cordatum erectum.

_Alæ_ oblongæ, vexillo duplo breviores.

_Carina_ dipetala, alis paulo longiora.

STAMINA. Filamenta decem, distincta, assurgentia, longitudine carinæ. Antheræ simplices minimæ.

PISTILLUM. German ovato-oblongum. Stylus subulatus, magnitudine et situ staminum. Stigma acutum.

PERICARPIUM. Capsula triangularis, compressa, acuta, unilocularis, bivalvis.

SEMEN unum, reniforme.

EMPALEMENT. Cup one-leaf, bell-shaped, five-toothed; segments equal, upright.

BLOSSOM butterfly-shaped, five-petalled.

_Standard_ heart-shaped, upright.

_Wings_ oblong, half the length of the standard.

_Keel_ two petals, a little shorter than the wings.

CHIVES. Threads ten, distinct, turned upwards, the length of the keel. Tips simple, very small.

POINTAL. Seed-bud oblong egg-shaped. Shaft awl-shaped, of the same size and station as the chives. Summit pointed.

SEED-VESSEL. Capsule triangular, flat, sharp pointed, one cell, two valves.

SEED one, kidney-shape.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Daviesia foliis lanceolatis, rigidis pungentibus; floribus axillaribus spicatis.

Daviesia with lance-shaped leaves, harsh and pricking; flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves in spikes.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Empalement of the flower, natural size.

2. The Empalement magnified.

3. The Standard, or upper petal of the blossom.

4. One of the Wings of the blossom.

5. The two petals of the Keel.

6. The Chives, magnified.

7. The Pointal.

8. A ripe Seed-vessel.

This division of the butterfly flowered plants, from New Holland, was among the first genera which were raised from the seeds of that country, in Britain. And though we have possessed the plants so long, and both species, or rather the two varieties, perfect their seeds with us; yet are the plants very scarce, few of them are to be met with, and seldom more than a plant, or two, is to be found in any collection. The Daviesias grow about a foot and a half high, and when in flower make a very pretty appearance, as nearly the whole bush is covered with blossoms. They are rather tender, and are impatient of wet, which is, perhaps, the greatest enemy many of the plants from that country have to encounter with us. It flowers about April or May; is increased by seeds, or cuttings; should be kept in a small pot, comparatively with what may be used for the same sized plants, and planted in sandy peat. Our drawing was made from the Hibbertian collection, in the month of May 1802.

PLATE CCCV.

GERANIUM CORONILLÆFOLIUM.

_Coronilla-leaved Geranium._

CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.

_MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Threads united. Ten Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

MONOGYNA. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.

ONE POINTAL. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Geranium foliis impari pinnatis, bijugis; foliolis obovatis glabris; floribus umbellatis pentandris; radice tuberosa.

Geranium with leaves that are winged, with an odd one and two yoked; leaflets inversely egg-shaped, and smooth; flowers grow in umbels, with five fertile chives; root tuberous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Cup cut open, to shew its tubular structure.

2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.

3. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.

4. The Pointal and Seed-bud, magnified.

The drawing of this Geranium was taken at Clapham in the month of July, 1802, from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, where, we believe, it is only to be met with, and to which it was introduced, in 1801, from the Cape of Good Hope. It has no particular character, in its appearance, from which we might be led to think any other treatment or mode of culture necessary for this plant, different from the rest of its congeners.

PLATE CCCVI.

ALETRIS FRAGRANS.

_Sweet-scented Aletris._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA infundibuliformis, rugosa. Stamina inserta laciniarum basi. Capsula trilocularis.

BLOSSOM funnel-shaped, wrinkled. Chives inserted into the base of the segments. Capsule three-celled.

See ALETRIS SARMENTOSA, Pl. LIV.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Aletris caulescens; foliis lanceolatis, laxis; floribus albicantibus, fragrantissimis.

Aletris with a woody stem; leaves lance-shaped, loose; flowers whitish, very sweet-scented.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A miniature representation of the whole plant.

2. A flower complete, natural size.

3. The blossom cut open, with the Chives in their place.

4. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Pointal; the summit detached, magnified.

The Sweet-scented Aletris, from the great height it attains before it flowers, which is, from 9 to 12 feet, and nearly two-thirds of the length of the stem, without leaves; takes off much from the merit of this grand plant as cultivated in our colder regions. It is a native of Africa, and must be kept in the hot-house, in the bark-bed, to have it blossom. The flowers are extremely fragrant, open in the evening and close again with the first rays of the morning sun. It is propagated either by suckers, which it sometimes produces, or by cutting off small portions from the roots; which will become plants in about three months, if placed in the heat of a strong hot-bed; these are likewise very sweet-scented, having the flavour of orris-root, or violets. Our figure was taken from a plant in the collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore, this present month of May, 1803.

A schism has arisen on the subject of this genus among modern botanists; from whom we must, however, exclude the celebrated author of Miller’s New Gardeners’ Dictionary; who, in this instance, has preserved the genus entire. Three genera have, as usual, been made out of one; the Cape species are denominated Veltheimias; those known under the names of A. zeylanica and A. guineensis, are termed Sansevieras; A. farinosa and A. fragrans being the only remnants of the original genus. Such are the happy effects, of modern scrutiny, upon the works of the antiquated Linnæus! and such might be the answer of these illuminati, which poor Gradus, in the farce of _Who’s the Dupe_, gives to his mistress, when questioned upon the utility of his labours; alas, how else should _our_ merit be discovered, but by elancing from the old track of plain sense and nature.

PLATE CCCVII.

PROTEA GLOBOSA.

_Globe-flowered Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM 4-cleft, or 4 petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the end. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

See PROTEA FORMOSA, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Protea foliis eliptico-lanceolatis, apicibus callosis; capitulo globoso, terminali; foliolis calycinis ovatis, reflexis; floribus luteis.

Protea with eliptically-lance-shaped leaves, callous at the ends; head of flowers globular and terminal; leaflets of the cup egg-shaped, turned back; flowers yellow.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Flower complete, natural size.

2. One of the Petals of a blossom, with its chive, magnified.

3. The Pointal, and Seed-bud, natural size.

4. The same, magnified.

5. The common Empalement.

This species of Protea, though it does not stand among the foremost of its congeners in competition for beauty; yet, has its merits, and those of no small moment, as a hardy green-house plant; for it rarely misses flowering, in the month of May, annually, and its blossoms continue in perfection at least two months. It is seldom hurt by cold or wet, if not exposed to either in the extreme. Is easily propagated from cuttings, made in the month of May, or June; by the same mode as has been described for the increasing the preceding species of the Genus, already figured in this work. We owe the first introduction of this plant to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Hammersmith, who raised it from seeds, in the year 1786, received from the Cape of Good Hope. Our figure was made from a plant in the Hibbertian collection.

PLATE CCCVIII.

CROTOLARIA VERRUCOSA.

_Blue-flowered Crotolaria._

CLASS XVII. ORDER IV.

_DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Threads in two sets. Ten Chives.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Perianthium tripartitum, magnum, corolla paulo brevius; laciniis duabus superioribus lanceolatis, vexillo incumbentibus; tertia lanceolata, concava, carinam fulciente, trifida.

COROLLA papillionacea.

_Vexillum_ cordatum, acutum, magnum, lateribus depressum.

_Alæ_ ovatæ, vexillo dimidio breviores.

_Carina_ acuminata, longitudine alarum.

STAMINA. Filamenta decem, connata, assurgentia, linea dorsali fissa basique hiante. Antheræ simplices.

PISTILLUM. Germen oblongum, reflexum, hirsutum. Stylus simplex, infractus, assurgens. Stigma obtusum.

PERICARPIUM. Legumen breve, turgidum, uniloculare, bivalve, pedicillatum.

SEMEN aliquot, globosa-reniformia.

EMPALEMENT. Cup three-parted, large, rather shorter than the blossom; the two superior segments lance-shaped, laying on the standard; the third lance-shaped, concave, supporting the keel, three-cleft.

BLOSSOM butterfly-shaped.

_Standard_ heart-shaped, acute, large, depressed on the sides.

_Wings_ egg-shaped, half the length of the standard.

_Keel_ tapered, the length of the wings.

CHIVES. Ten threads, united, turned upwards, with a split line on the back, and gaping at the base. Tips simple.

POINTAL. Seed-bud oblong, reflexed, hairy. Shaft simple, bent inwards at an angle, turned upwards. Summit obtuse.

SEED-VESSEL. Pod short, turgid, one-celled, two valved, with a fruit-stalk.

SEEDS a few of a rounded kidney-shape.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Crotolaria foliis simplicibus, ovatis, retusis; stipulis lunatis, declinatis; racemo terminali; ramis tetragonis.

Crotolaria with simple leaves, egg-shaped, dented at the ends; leaf-props half-moon-shaped, turned downwards; bunch of flowers terminal; branches four-sided.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Empalement.

2. The Standard.

3. One of the Wings.

4. The two petals of the Keel.

5. The Chives.

6. The Pointal and Seed-bud, the Summit detached, magnified.

7. A half ripe Seed-vessel.

8. The same laid open.

This handsome annual is an old inhabitant of our hot-houses, for it has been cultivated so long ago as the year 1731, by Mr. Miller; but from its character as an annual, our summers not proving always congenial to the perfecting its seeds, it has at intervals been lost to us. It is a native of the East Indies, and, in general, good seed may be procured by keeping the plants constantly in a hot-bed or hot-house; but the best method is to raise them on a strong hot-bed, keeping them there till in flower, and then transferring them to the hot-house or dry-stove, to perfect their seeds. Our drawing was taken from a fine specimen, communicated by the Hon. W. H. Irby, from his select collection at the Parsonage, Farnham Royal, Bucks. Flowers in May or June, and ripens its seeds in August or September.

PLATE CCCIX.

PULTENÆA VILLOSA.

_Hairy Pultenæa._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quinquedentatis, utrinque appendiculatus. Corolla papilionacea, alis vexillo brevioribus. Legumen uniloculare, dispernum.

CUP five-toothed, with a hanging prop on each side. Blossom butterfly-shaped, the wings shorter than the standard. A one-celled pod, two seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Pultenæa foliis oblongis, villosis; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, spicatis; caule villoso; calycibus inappendiculatis.

Pultenæa with oblong, hairy leaves; flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves, solitary, and in spikes; stem hairy; cup without props.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Leaf.

2. The Cup, natural size.

3. The Standard of the blossom.

4. One of the Wings of the blossom.

5. The two Leaves of the keel.

6. The Empalement, Chives, and Pointal, magnified.

7. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, magnified.

Where to place the limits to the various new genera of this very extended natural order of plants, with butterfly blossoms, from New Holland, appears a talk of some difficulty with our modern botanists; for, no sooner have we formed an essential character for a genus, than immediately we are struck with the appearance of new plants, whose whole habits assimilate with our newly constructed family, but in the principal and pointed essential character. In such predicament stands our present subject, it wants the appendicula to the cup, yet has it been placed, by Willdenow, &c. to Pultenæa; and with good reason, we presume, for if every difference of this nature was taken up, on which to form new genera, nearly every plant from that country would furnish grounds for new names; and, to say the truth, we think they are, already, sufficiently extended. The Pultenæas are all rather impatient of wet, and although they are not frequently killed by too much moisture, yet they become unsightly, by losing all their lower leaves. This species grows to the height of about three feet; and, when in flower, makes a very handsome appearance. It perfects its seeds, and may be increased by cuttings, which should be put in about the beginning of April. A mixture of sandy peat three parts, and one fourth part of loam, is the best soil to grow it in. It was amongst the first plants which were raised from Botany Bay seeds in this country. Our figure was made at the Hammersmith nursery, in 1801.

PLATE CCCX.

STACHYS COCCINEA.

_Scarlet Clownheal._

CLASS XIV. ORDER I.

_DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seed naked.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Perianthium monophyllum, tubulatum, angulatum, semiquinquefidum, acuminatum, persistens; dentriculis acuminatis, subulatis, subinæquale.

COROLLA monopetala, ringens; tubus brevissimus; faux oblonga, ad basin deorsum gibba; _labium superius_ erectum, subovatum, fornicatum, sæpe emarginatum; _labium inferius_ majus, trifidum lateribus reflexum; _lacinula intermedia_ maxima, emarginata, replicata.

STAMINA. Filamenta quatuor, quorum duo breviora, subulata, ad latera faucis recurvata. Antheræ simplices.

PISTILLUM. Germen quadripartitum. Stylus filiformis, situ et longitudine staminum. Stigma bifidum, acutum.

PERICARPIUM nullum. Calyx vix mutatus.

SEMINA quatuor, ovata, angulata.

EMPALEMENT. Cup one-leaf, tubular, angular, five shallow clefts, taper, permanent; toothless taper, awl-shaped, nearly equal.

BLOSSOM one petal, gaping; tube very short; mouth oblong, hunched downwards towards the base; _upper lip_ upright, rather egg-shaped, arched, often notched at the end; _lower lip_ large, three-cleft, side ones reflexed; the _middle segment_, which is the largest, notched at the end, and folded back.

CHIVES. Four threads, of which two are shorter, awl-shaped, bent to the sides of the mouth. Tips simple.

POINTAL. Seed-bud with four divisions. Shaft thread-shaped, of the length and situation of the chives. Summit cloven, sharp-pointed.

SEED-VESSEL none. The cup scarce changed.

SEEDS four, egg-shaped, angular.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Stachys verticillis sexfloris; foliis ovato-oblongis, basi cordatis, crenatis; floribus coccineis.

Clownheal with six flowered whorls; leaves oblong-egg-shaped, heart-shaped at the base, scolloped; flowers scarlet.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Cup, natural size.

2. The Blossom cut open, with the chives in their place.

3. The Seed-buds and Pointal, the summit detached, magnified.

4. The Seed-buds, magnified.

Although this species of Stachys must be considered as an herbaceous plant, yet the stem, if kept in the green-house, may be preserved; and therefore, as it is too tender to bear our winters, in the open ground, we must consign it to that station. It is a native of South America; is easily propagated by cuttings; flowers in the month of July, or August, and thrives in rich mould. The figure was taken from a plant in the collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore, where, we believe, it flowered for the first time in Britain.

PLATE CCCXI.

GERANIUM PINNATUM.

_Winged-leaved Geranium._

CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.

_MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Threads united. Ten Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

MONOGYNA. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.

ONE POINTAL. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Geranium foliis pinnatis; foliolis subrotundo-ovatis, hirsutis; floribus flavis, staminibus quinque fertilibus; scapo polystachio; radice tuberosa.

Geranium with winged leaves; leaflets rather round-egg-shaped, and hairy; flowers yellow; five fertile chives; flower-stem branched; root tuberous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Flower-cup, natural size, cut open.

2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.

3. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.

4. The Pointal and Seed-bud, magnified.

The specific title of this plant, originally, belonged to a species which is, now, confounded amongst the numerous variety of Geranium lacerum. And, indeed, the present plant is taken as a synonim, by Willdenow, with G. astragalifolium, of which we have given a figure in a preceding number. This was among the first of the tuberous kind of Geraniums known to our gardens. Mr. F. Masson, according to the Kew Catalogue, first introduced it to the Kew Gardens in 1788. It has nothing particular in its character to require a different treatment from the rest of the tuberous species. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Hammersmith Collection, in March 1801.

PLATE CCCXII.

STYPHELIA VIRIDIS.

_Green-flowered Styphelia._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX imbricatus. Corolla tubulosa. Stamina fauci inserta. Drupa quinque-locularis. Semina bina.

CUP tiled. Blossom tubular. Chives inserted into the mouth of the blossom. A pulpy berry with five cells. Seeds by twos.

See STYPHELIA TRIFLORA. Pl. LXXII. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Styphelia foliis utrinque acuminatis, obliquis, acutis, glaberrimis; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, viridibus.

Styphelia with leaves tapered to both ends, oblique, pointed, very smooth; flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves, solitary and green.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Cup of a flower, natural size.

2. A Blossom, with the Chives in their place, cut open.

3. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, the Summit magnified.

Few of the plants from New Holland have excited more admiration than the Styphelias; the S. tubiflora figured in the New Holland botany of Dr. Smith, the S. triflora given in the first Vol. of this work, our present plant, together with the numerous other species already known from dried specimens, lead us to conjecture that the genus is as copious as any, Banksia not excepted, from that country. This plant grows to the height of two feet, or more; the flowers nearly covering the branches. It is rather delicate, requiring but little water, in the winter months; as it is certain to perish, if kept wet any considerable time. Is propagated by cuttings, and must be kept in a small pot, proportional to the size of the plant, in very sandy peat earth. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, in the month of April, 1803. All the plants, at present in Britain, of this species of Styphelia, are the offspring of one solitary seed, received by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy from New Holland, in the year 1791.

PLATE CCCXIII.

JUSTICIA LUCIDA.

_Shining-leaved Justicia._

CLASS II. ORDER I.

_DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Two Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Perianthium monophyllum, minimum, quinquepartitum, acutum, erectum, angustum.

COROLLA monopetala, ringens; tubus gibbus; limbus bilabiatus, labium superius oblongum, emarginatum, labium inferius ejusdem longitudinis, reflexum, trifidum.

STAMINA. Filamenta duo, subulata, sub labio superiore recondita. Antheræ erectæ, ad basin bifidæ.

PISTILLUM. Germen turbinatum. Stylus filiformis, longitudine et situ staminum. Stigma simplex.

PERICARPIUM. Capsula oblonga, obtusa, basi angustata, bilocularis, bivalvis; dissepimento valvulis contrario, ungue elastico dehiscens.

SEMINA subrotunda.

EMPALEMENT. Cup one-leaf, very small, five-divided, pointed, erect, narrow.

BLOSSOM one petal, gaping; tube hunched; border two-lipped; the upper lip oblong, notched at the end; the under lip of the same length, reflexed, and three-cleft.

CHIVES. Two threads, awl-shaped, hid under the upper lip. Tips upright, two-cleft at the base.

POINTAL. Seed-bud top-shaped. Shaft thread-shaped, the length and situation of the chives. Summit simple.

SEED-VESSEL. Capsule oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base, two-celled, two valved; the partition opposite to the valves splitting from an elastic claw.

SEEDS roundish.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Justicia spicis terminalibus; floribus subcapitatis; foliis elipticis, nervosis, bullatis, lucidis; corollis bilabiatis, labio superiore lanceolato; caule fruticoso, glabro.

Justicia with terminal spikes; flowers grow nearly in heads; leaves elliptic, nerved, blistered, and shining; blossoms two-lipped, the upper lip lance-shaped; stem shrubby, smooth.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Blossom cut open, with the Chives in their place.

2. The Cup and Pointal.

3. An unripe Seed.

Most of the species of this genus of plants have hitherto been considered of little value in our collections, as few of them have woody stems, and from that character have a weedy appearance. This plant however is an exception, and is well worthy a place in collections where ornament only, not variety, is studied. It grows to the height of three feet, flowers in the month of August, is easily increased from cuttings, and may be kept in the hot-house, out of the bark-bed. The Justicia coccinea and this plant approach in the appearance of their flowers and habit; but the leaves differ much as well as many other minuter parts. It is a native of the East Indies, and was introduced about the year 1794. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Collection of G. Hibbert, Esq. Clapham Common.

PLATE CCCXIV.

ITEA SPINOSA.

_Thorny Itea._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Perianthium monophyllum, quinquefidum, erectum, acuminatum, minimum, persistens, laciniis acutis, coloratis.

COROLLA. Petala quinque, lanceolata, longa, calyci inserta.

STAMINA. Filamenta quinque, subulata, erecta, longitudine corollæ, calyci inserta. Antheræ subrotundæ, incumbentes.

PISTILLUM. Germen ovatum. Stylus cylindraceus, persistens, longitudine staminum. Stigma obtusum.

PERICARPIUM. Capsula ovata calyce multoties longior, stylo muconato, unilocularis, bivalvis ex duabus coalita apice dehiscens.

SEMINA numerosa, minima, oblonga, nitida.

EMPALEMENT. Cup one-leaf, five-cleft, upright, tapered, very small, remaining, segments pointed, coloured.

BLOSSOM. Petals five, lance-shaped, long, inserted into the cup.

CHIVES. Five threads, awl-shaped, upright, the length of the blossom, inserted into the cup. Tips roundish, laying on the threads.

POINTAL. Seed-bud egg-shaped. Shaft cylindrical, permanent, the length of the chives. Summit obtuse.

SEED-VESSEL. Capsule egg-shaped, much longer than the cup, tapering into the shaft, one-celled, two-valved of two joined, splitting at top.

SEEDS numerous, very small, oblong, shining.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Itea foliis cuneiformibus, emarginatis; spinis axillaribus.

Itea with wedge-shaped leaves, notched at the end; spines grow at the insertion of the leaves.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Empalement, magnified.

2. A Flower complete, magnified.

3. The Chives and Pointal, magnified; part of the cup and the petals taken away, to shew the insertion of the Chives into the cup.

4. The Pointal, magnified.

This plant is a native of New Holland, and was introduced from thence by the Right Honourable the Marchioness of Rockingham, at the same time with the Bauera rubioides of this work; and from a specimen communicated by her Ladyship in September, 1801, our drawing was taken. It is a hardy green-house plant, continuing in flower from August till December; makes a very bushy handsome shrub, especially when planted in a conservatory. Is easily propagated by cuttings, made in the month of April, and kept on a gentle heat until they are rooted. It thrives most in sandy peat, with a small mixture of sandy loam.

PLATE CCCXV.

ORCHIS BICORNIS.

_Two-horned Orchis._

CLASS XX. ORDER I.

_GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA._ Chives on the Pointal. Two Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

NECTARIUM corniforme pone florem.

HONEY-CUP like a horn behind the flower.

See ORCHIS CILIARIS, Pl. XLII. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Orchis bulbis indivisis; corollis galea bicalcarata; labio quinque-partito.

Orchis with undivided bulbs; helmet of the blossom two spurred, lip five-parted.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A Flower, natural size.

2. The same, magnified, with the front petals cut away to expose the parts of fructification, one of the chives being liberated from its cell.

This singular little Orchis was first introduced to us, from the Cape of Good Hope, by Mr. F. Masson, in 1787, but has been lost to our gardens since near that time till last year, when we had the pleasure of seeing it again in the collection of T. Evans, Esq. Stepney; but we much fear, without a fresh supply of roots, it will again soon stand but as a name in our catalogues. It is a very tender and delicate plant; and, like nearly the whole of this natural order, difficult to propagate or preserve in a cultivated state; wherefore we cannot pretend to recommend any particular method. The bulb which flowered at Stepney was planted in sandy peat, and appeared in good health. It flowers in September, loses its leaves soon after flowering, and is extremely fragrant.

PLATE CCCXVI.

OLEA APETALA.

_Petal-less Olive._

CLASS II. ORDER I.

_DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Two Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Perianthium monophyllum, tubulatum, parvum; ore quadridentato, erecto, deciduum.

COROLLA monopetala, infundibuliformis; tubus cylindraceus, longitudine calycis; limbus quadripartitus, planus; laciniis subovatis.

STAMINA. Filamenta duo, opposita, subulata, brevia. Antheræ erectæ.

PISTILLUM. Germen subrotundum. Stylus simplex, brevissimus. Stigma bifidum, crassiusculum; laciniis emarginatis.

PERICARPIUM. Drupa subovata, glabra, unilocularis.

SEMEN. Nux ovato-oblonga, rugosa.

EMPALEMENT. Cup one-leafed, tabular, small; mouth four-toothed, erect, deciduous.

BLOSSOM one petal, funnel-shaped; tube cylindrical, the length of the cup; border four-divided, flat; segments nearly egg-shaped.

CHIVES. Two threads, opposite, awl shaped, short. Tips upright.

POINTAL. Seed-bud roundish. Shaft simple, very short. Summit two-cleft, thickish; clefts notched at the ends.

SEED-VESSEL. A pulpy berry, rather egg-shaped, smooth, one-celled.

SEED. A nut oblong-egg-shaped, rough.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Olea foliis elipticis, floribus racemosis, apetalis.

Olive, with eliptically-shaped leaves, flowers in long bunches without petals.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A. Flower expanded, magnified.

2. The same with the Chives exposed, magnified.

3. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, magnified.

4. A half ripe Berry.

5. The same cut transversely.

Our present figure represents a plant a native of New Holland and New Zealand, in the Pacific Ocean; but, we have great reason to think, it has been referred, rather rashly, to the genus under which it is here named; and that it possesses a distinctive character sufficient on which to have formed a new one. We have, nevertheless, as usual, taken it up under the title it is in general known by, as published by Vahl, in his Symbolæ Botanicæ, Part III. p. 3, and quoted from him into Willdenow’s Sp. Plant. p. 46, and thence into Professor Martyn’s ed. of Miller’s Dict. article Olea, 5. Whether the fruit of this plant will ever turn to account, when cultivated, as an article of food, time must evince; but, certainly, it bears an appearance of much hope. It is a strong woody growing shrub, forming itself into a handsome round-headed plant; and, when in full flower, has a very pretty appearance, having all the necessary qualities of such plants as are fit for planting out in a conservatory. It is propagated by cuttings; should be planted in sandy peat earth, mixed with a small portion of loam; producing its flowers about February or March. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Hammersmith Collection, to which it was first added in the year 1791; having been raised from seeds communicated to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy by Colonel Paterson.

PLATE CCCXVII.

GERANIUM UNDULATUM. _Var. Minor._

_Waved-flowered Geranium._ _Lesser Var._

CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.

_MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Threads united. Ten Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

MONOGYNA. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.

ONE POINTAL. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.

CENTER See GERANIUM GRANDIFLORUM, Pl. XII. Vol. I.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Geranium foliis radicalibus lanceolatis, integerrimis, petiolis longitudine foliorum; petalis cuneiformibus, equalibus, undulatis; floribus pentandris; radice tuberosa.

Geranium with the root leaves lance-shaped, quite entire; foot-stalks the length of the leaves; petals wedge-shaped, equal, waved; flowers with five fertile chives; root tuberous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Empalement cut open, natural size.

2. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.

3. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summits.

This very handsome tuberous Geranium, and which we have rather placed as a variety than a species, might perhaps by some have been considered as sufficiently distinct to have formed a species; but, indeed, much difficulty arises in the determining, amongst this variable tribe, where to fix determinate specific character. Our present figure was taken from the Hibbertian Collection, where as yet the plant is only to be seen in Britain. It flowers in June or July; does not perfect its seeds, nor has the appearance of easily propagating from the root; the usual method with this link of the Geranium family. It thrives in sandy peat and leaf mould.

PLATE CCCXVIII.

HÆMANTHUS MULTIFLORUS.

_Many-flowered Blood-Flower._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Involucrum hexaphyllum, maximum, umbelluliferum; foliolis erectis, oblongis, persistentibus.

COROLLA monopetala, erecta, sexpartita; laciniis erectis, linearibus; tubo brevissimo, angulato.

STAMINA. Filamenta sex, subulata, tubo corollæ inserta, corolla longiora. Antheræ incumbentes, oblongæ.

PISTILLUM. Germen inferum. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigma simplex.

PERICARPIUM. Bacca subrotunda, trilocularis.

SEMINA solitaria, triquetra.

EMPALEMENT. Fence six-leaved, large, bearing a small umbel; leaflets upright, oblong, permanent.

BLOSSOM one petal, upright, six-parted; segments upright, linear; tube very short, angular.