Chapter XLIII: Boyaca--Columbia--Carabobo

1819--1822.

Bolívar joins Santander--The Passage of the Cordillera--The Expedition halts in the Valley of Sagamoso--Skilful Manœuvres of Bolívar--He captures the City of Tunja--Battle of Boyacá--Bolívar occupies Bogotá--His Activity and the Honours paid Him--Founds the Republic of Columbia--Cruelty of Santander--Bolívar returns to Angostura--Changes during his Absence--Decrees of Congress--Bolívar named Provisional President of Columbia--Military Operations on the North Coast--Arrival of the Irish Legion at Margarita--Paez retakes San Fernando--The Armistice of Trujillo--Morillo returns to Spain--Revolution in Maracaibo--Operations of Montilla--Bolívar again takes the Field--Battle of Carabobo--Bolívar for the Second Time enters Caracas in Triumph--The Constituent Congress--Bolívar is named President--Capitulation of Cartagena--The Provinces of the Isthmus declare their Independence--Fall of Chagres and Portobello--Bolívar leaves for the South--Activity of Morales--He capitulates--Puerto Cabello is taken by Paez.....394

CHAPTER XLIV.

THE WAR IN QUITO.

1821--1822.

Operations in the South of Columbia--Sucre--He leads an Expedition to Guayaquil--His Victory at Yahuachí--His Defeat at Ambato--Arrival of Murgeón from Spain--Bolívar marches on Quito with a Fresh Army--Battle of Bomboná--He retreats to Patia--San Martin sends a Contingent to aid Sucre--Manœuvres of the Opposing Armies--The Cavalry Affair at Rio Bamba--Battle of Pichincha--Surrender of Quito--Capitulation of Garcia and of the Pastusos--Prætorianism--Bolívar enters Quito in Triumph.....406

CHAPTER XLV.

GUAYAQUIL.

1822.

The Meeting and Merging of Two Revolutions--The Protectorate of Guayaquil--Defeat of the Provincial Army at Ambato--Arrival of Sucre--The Revolt of Puerto-Viejo--Arrival of Salazar--La Mar takes Command of the Provincial Forces--The Question of Guayaquil.....414

CHAPTER XLVI.

THE INTERVIEW AT GUAYAQUIL.

1822.

The Influence of Individuals--The Illusions of San Martin--Bolívar becomes jealous of Argentine Influence--The Entry of Bolívar into Guayaquil--He annexes the Province to Columbia--The Arrival of San Martin--The Conference--The Banquet--The Ball--Departure of San Martin--Result of the Conference--Remarkable Letter from San Martin to Bolívar.....418

CHAPTER XLVII.

THE ABDICATION OF SAN MARTIN.

1822.

Disturbances in Lima--Banishment of Monteagudo--Return of San Martin--The First Congress of Peru--The Resignation of San Martin--Honours decreed to him by Congress--He leaves Peru--His Illness in Chile--He retires to Mendoza.....426