Chapter XXIII: Appendix: E

KEY TO PLACE NAMES

Aa, river, lat. 51°, Pl. I.
Abanj, town, lat. 48° 50′, Fig. 48.
Abbateggio, town, lat. 42° 14′, Fig. 33.
Abruzzi, province, lat. 42°, Fig. 33.
Abullonia, lake, south of Moudania, lat. 40° 12′, Pl. VII.
Acquaviva, town, lat. 40° 53′, Fig. 33.
Ada Bazar, town, lat. 40° 45′, Pl. VII.
Adalia, town and bay, lat. 36° 53′, Pl. V.
Adana, town, lat. 37°, Pl. V.
Aden, gulf of, lat. 12° 46′. _See_ inset map:
“Extension of the Hejaz line toward Mecca.” Pl. V.
Adige, valley, lat. 45° 40′, Figs. 30, 67.
Adrianople, town, lat. 41° 41′, Fig. 47.
Adriatic, sea, Pl. IX. See also Figs. 47, 48.
Ægean, sea, Pl. V.
Agaro, district, lat. 46° 15′, Fig. 22.
Aidin, town, lat. 37° 48′, Pl. V.
Aire, town, lat. 50° 38′, Pl. I.
Ala, town, lat. 45° 50′, Fig. 30.
Alagna, village, lat. 45° 52′, Fig. 22.
Aland, isds., lat. 60° 15′, Pl. IX.
Albania, state, lat. 41°, Fig. 53.
Albula, river, lat. 46° 40′, Fig. 67.
Aleppo, town, lat. 36° 10′, Pl. V, VI, VII.
Alexandretta, town, lat. 36° 35′, Pl. V, VI, VII.
Alghero, town, lat. 40° 40′, Fig. 43.
Allenstein, town, lat. 53° 45′, Fig. 38.
Alpes-Maritimes, dept., lat. 43° 45′, Fig. 22.
Alsace, province, lat. 48° 50′, Pl. II, IX.
Amasia, town, lat. 40° 39′, Pl. VII.
Anderlecht (Brussels), lat. 50° 51′, Fig. 14.
Andermatten, village (Italian: La Chiesa), lat. 46° 20′, Fig. 22.
Andreasfalva, town, lat. 47° 50′, Fig. 44.
Angeln, mts., 54° 35′, Fig. 35.
Angora, town, lat. 39° 56′, Pl. V, VII.
Anniviers, valley, lat. 46° 15′, Fig. 18.
Antigorio, val., lat. 46° 10′, Fig. 22.
Antioch, town, lat. 36° 10′ Pl. VII.
Antivari, town, lat. 42° 8′, Fig. 53.
Aosta, town, lat. 45° 44′, Pl. IX, Fig. 22.
Aquitaine, region, lat. 44° 50′, Fig. 3.
Arad, town, lat. 46° 13′, Fig. 48.
Arax, river, lat. 39° 27′, Pl. VII.
Arghana, town, lat. 38° 25′, Pl. V.
Argyrocastro, district, lat. 40° 7′, Fig. 53.
Arlon, town, lat. 49° 42′, Pl. I.
Armenia, province, Pl. VII, VIII.
Armentières, town, lat. 50° 43′, Pl. I.
Armorica, region, lat. 48° 10′, Fig. 3.
Arnfels, town, lat. 46° 42′, Fig. 31.
Arnsberg, town, lat. 51° 24′, Fig. 7.
Arta, river, lat. 39° 20′, Fig. 53.
Asiago, town, lat. 45° 52′, Fig. 30.
Aspropotamos, river, lat. 39° 22′, Fig. 53.
Astico, river, lat. 45° 40′, Fig. 25.
Augsburg, town, lat. 48° 52′, Pl. IX, Fig. 30.
Augustow, town, lat. 53° 30′, Fig. 38.

Baden, grand duchy, lat. 48° 30′, Fig. 7.
Bagdad, town, lat. 33° 21′, Pl. V.
Balearic, isds., lat. 39°, Fig. 43.
Banat, province, lat. 45° 53′, Fig. 38.
Bären Kopf, mt., lat. 47° 47′, Pl. II.
Bars, town, lat. 48° 15′, Fig. 48.
Basra, town, lat. 30° 30′, Pl. V.
Bautzen, town, lat. 51° 11′, Fig. 41.
Bavaria, kingdom, lat. 49°, Fig. 7.
Beaulard, town, lat. 45° 3′, Fig. 21.
Becherek, town, lat. 45° 27′, Fig. 48.
Beirut, town, lat. 33° 54′, Pl. V.
Belcamen, town, lat. 40° 40′, Fig. 53.
Belfort, town, lat. 47° 38′, Pl. II, Fig. 18.
Belgrade, town, lat. 44° 47′, Pl. IX.
Belluno, town, lat. 46° 8′, Fig. 67.
Benkovac, town, lat. 44° 2′, Fig. 48.
Berane, town, lat. 42° 47′, Fig. 53.
Berat, town, lat. 40° 43′, Fig. 53.
Bereg, town, lat. 47°, Fig. 38.
Beskid, mts., lat. 49° 30′, Pl. IV.
Bessarabia, province, lat. 47° 20′, Pl. III.
Bévéra, valley, lat. 43° 50′, Fig. 22.
Bielostok, town, lat. 53° 10′, Pl. IV.
Bielsk, town, lat. 52° 50′, Pl. IV.
Bienne, town, lat. 47° 9′, Fig. 18.
Birnbaum, town, lat. 52° 37′, Pl. IV.
Bistritza, valley, lat. 40° 30′, Fig. 53.
Black Drin, river, lat. 42°, Fig. 53.
Black Forest, mountain region, lat. 48° 20′, Fig. 7.
Blatza, town, lat. 40° 31′, Fig. 53.
Böhmerwald, mt., lat. 49° 0′, Fig. 48.
Bohtan, river, lat. 38°, Pl. VII.
Boitsfort, town, lat. 50° 48′, Fig. 14.
Bolchen, town, lat. 49° 10′, Pl. II.
Boli, town, lat. 40° 45′, Pl. V.
Bolzano, (Bozen), town, lat. 46° 30′, Figs. 30, 67.
Bomst, town, lat. 52° 12′, Pl. IV.
Bosnia, province, lat. 44° 20′, Fig. 48.
Bothnia, gulf, lat. 62°, Fig. 38.
Botzen, (Bozen), town, lat. 46° 30′, Figs. 30, 67.
Boulogne, town, lat. 50° 43′, Pl. I.
Bousson, town, lat. 44° 55′, Fig. 21.
Boyana, river, lat. 41° 52′, Fig. 53.
Brandenburg, province, lat. 52° 26′, Fig. 7.
Branjevo, town, lat. 44° 40′, Fig. 48.
Bredizza, town, lat. 41° 50′, Fig. 53.
Brenner, pass, lat. 47° 3′, Fig. 30.
Brenta, river, lat. 45° 26′, Fig. 25.
Breslau, town, lat. 51° 6′, Pl. IV.
Bressanone, town, _see_ Brixen.
Briançon, town, lat. 44° 50′, Fig. 21.
Brieg, town, lat. 50° 50′, Pl. IV.
Brittany, province, lat. 48° 20′, Fig. 3.
Brixen, town, lat. 46° 41′, Fig. 30.
Bromberg, town, lat. 53° 7′, Pl. IV.
Broye, river, lat. 46° 45′, Fig. 18.
Bruche, river, lat. 48° 30′, Pl. II.
Bruneco, town, lat. 46° 51′, Fig. 30.
Brusa, town, lat. 40° 11′, Pl. V.
Brüx, town, lat. 50° 33′, Fig. 48.
Buccari, bay, lat. 45° 18′, Fig. 48.
Budapest, lat. 47° 29′, Pl. IX.
Bukovina, province, lat. 48° 0′, Fig. 44.
Bukschoja, town, lat. 47° 37′, Fig. 44.
Burgundian lands, (_see_ Burgundy), lat. 47°, Fig. 3.
Busi, is., lat. 43° 8′, Fig. 48.

Cairo, city, lat. 30° 2′, Pl. V.
Calliano, town, lat. 45° 56′, Fig. 30.
Canza, village, lat. 46° 25′, Fig. 22.
Carinthia, lat. 47°, Pl. III.
Carniola, province, lat. 45° 58′, Fig. 48, Pl. III.
Carpathian Mts., lat. 48° 30′, Pl. IV.
Cascanditella, town, lat. 42° 16′, Fig. 33.
Casotto, town, lat. 45° 53′, Fig. 67.
Cattaro, town, lat. 42° 23′, Fig. 48.
Caucasus, region, lat. 44°, Fig. 38.
Cazza, is., lat. 42° 55′, Fig. 48.
Cesane, town, lat. 44° 57′, Fig. 21.
Cevedale, mt., lat. 46° 29′, Fig. 67.
Chalcydic peninsula, lat. 40° 25′, Fig. 53.
Champlas du Col, town, lat. 44° 56′, Fig. 21.
Chanak, town, lat. 40° 9′, Pl. VI.
Charmoille, town, lat. 47° 20′, Fig. 18.
Chernikov, city, lat. 51° 29′, Fig. 38.
Chorlu, river, lat. 41° 12′, Fig. 47.
Cilician Gate, lat. 37° 30′, Pl. VII, _see_ inset:
“Western Asia showing direction of Main Mountain Ranges.”
Clabecq, lat. 50° 40′, Fig. 14.
Clavières, town, lat. 44° 55′, Figs. 21, 22.
Clementi, pass, lat. 42° 30′, Fig. 53.
Collecroce, town, lat. 41° 45′, Fig. 33.
Colmar, town, lat. 48° 6′, Pl. II.
Cologne, town, lat. 50° 56′, Pl. IX.
Constantinople, city, lat. 41°, Pl. VII.
Corfu, is., lat. 39° 37′, Fig. 53, Pl. V, VI.
Cormons, town, lat. 45° 57′, Fig. 31.
Cortina d’Ampezzo, pass, lat. 46° 31′, Fig. 67.
Courtaron, town, lat. 47° 28′, Fig. 18.
Cracow, town, lat. 50° 4′, Pl. IV.
Crasna, lat. 48° 2′, Fig. 44.
Crefeld, town, lat. 51° 21′, Pl. IX.
Cremnitza, river, lat. 40°, Fig. 53.
Crete, is., lat. 35° 15′, Pl. V.
Croatia, province, lat. 45° 40′, Fig. 48.
Cupello, town, lat. 42° 5′, Fig. 33.
Curzola, is., lat. 43°, Fig. 48.
Czernowitz, town, lat. 48° 17′, Fig. 44.

Dalmatia, province, lat. 44°, Fig. 48.
Damascus, city, lat. 33° 30′, Pl. V, VII.
Dangli, mts., lat. 40° 30′, Fig. 53.
Danzig, town, lat. 54° 35′, Pl. IV.
Dedeagatch, town, lat. 40° 55′, Fig. 47.
Delémont, town, lat. 47° 25′, Fig. 18.
Delvino, town, lat. 40°, Fig. 53.
Demir-Hissar, district, lat. 41° 12′, Fig. 53.
Dent d’Hérens, mt., lat. 45° 59′, Fig. 22.
Deutsche-Oth, town, lat. 49° 28′, Pl. II.
Devinska Novaves, town, lat. 48° 18′, Fig. 48.
Devoli, river, lat. 40° 55′, Fig. 53.
Diex, town, lat. 46° 48′, Fig. 31.
Dinaric Alps, mts., lat. 44°, Fig. 48.
Dineir, town, lat. 38° 5′, Pl. V.
Dirschen, (Dirschau or Terzew), lat. 54° 9′, Pl. IV.
Dnieper, river, lat. 49°, Fig. 38.
Dobrac, town, lat. 46° 45′, Fig. 31.
Dobrudja, province, lat. 44° 20′, Fig. 47.
Dodecanesia, isds., lat. 36°, Pl. V.
Doire Baltée, river, lat. 45° 15′, Fig. 22.
Doire Ripaire, river, lat. 45° 10′, Figs. 21, 22.
Doliano, town, lat. 40° 2′, Fig. 53.
Dolomite Alps, mts., lat. 46° 25′, Fig. 67.
Domodossola, town, lat. 46° 8′, Fig. 22.
Don, river, lat. 47° 30′, Fig. 38.
Dorpat, town, lat. 58° 17′, Fig. 38.
Dortmund, town, lat. 51° 31′, Fig. 7.
Douane, town, lat. 47° 10′, Fig. 18.
Drama, basin, lat. 41° 6′, Fig. 47.
Drave, river, lat. 45° 50′, Fig. 48.
Drin, river, lat. 41° 50′, Fig. 53.
Drinissa, river, lat. 42° 12′, Fig. 53.
Drino, gulf, lat. 41° 50′, Fig. 53.
Dugopolje, town, lat. 45° 10′, Fig. 48.
Duino, town, lat. 45° 50′, Fig. 31.
Duisburg, town, lat. 51° 26′, Fig. 7.
Dukla, town, lat. 49° 26′, Pl. IV.
Dulcigno, town, lat. 41° 54′, Fig. 53.
Dunkirk, town, lat. 51° 7′, Pl. I.
Durazzo, cape and town, lat. 41° 18′, Fig. 53.
Düsseldorf, town, lat. 51° 13′, Fig. 7.
Dux, town, lat. 50° 47′, Fig. 48.

East Prussia, province, lat. 34°, Pl. IV.
Eisack, valley, lat. 46° 30′, Fig. 67.
Eisenau, town, lat. 47° 38′, Fig. 44.
Elbassan, town, lat. 41° 6′, Fig. 53.
Elbe, river, lat. 53°, Pl. IX.
Emscher, valley, lat. 51° 30′, Fig. 7.
Enego, town, lat. 45° 57′, Fig. 25.
Engadine, district, lat. 46° 40′, Fig. 67.
Epirus, province, lat. 40°, Fig. 53.
Erzerum, town, lat. 39° 57′, Pl. VIII.
Erzgebirge, mt., lat. 50° 30′, Fig. 48.
Erzingian, town, lat. 39° 38′, Pl. V.
Eskishehir, town, lat. 39° 44′, Pl. V.
Esthonia, province, lat. 59° 15′, Fig. 38.
Esztergom or Gran-Esztergom, comitat, lat. 47° 47′, Fig. 48.
Etsch, river, lat. 46° 16′, Fig. 30.
Etterbeck, (Brussels), Fig. 14.
Euphrates, river, lat. 37° 50′, Pl. VIII.
Fellin, town, lat. 58°, Fig. 38.
Fenils, town, lat. 44° 59′, Fig. 21.
Fersina, town, lat. 46° 8′, Fig. 30.
Filiates, town, lat. 39° 42′, Fig. 53.
Fiume, town, lat. 45° 19′, Fig. 48.
Fleims, valley, lat. 46° 20′, Fig. 30.
Flensborg, town, lat. 54° 46′, Fig. 35.
Florina, town, lat. 40° 50′, Fig. 53.
Fogaras, town, lat. 45° 47′, Pl. III.
Foppiano, town, lat. 46° 20′, Fig. 22.
Formazza, valley, lat. 46° 15′, Fig. 22.
Franconia, district, lat. 50°, Fig. 7.
Frasheri, town, lat. 40° 25′, Fig. 53.
Freudenthal, town, lat. 47° 45′, Fig. 44.
Fribourg, town, lat. 46° 48′, Fig. 18.
Friuli, district, (_see_ area of Friulian language),
lat. 46° 18′, Fig. 43.
Fruttwald, or Canza, village, lat. 46° 25′, Fig. 22.
Frydland, town, lat. 49° 45′, Fig. 48.
Fünfkirchen, town, lat. 46° 6′, Pl. III.

Galicia, province, lat. 48° 50′, Fig. 44.
Gallio, town, lat. 45° 52′, Fig. 25.
Gallipoli, peninsula, lat. 40° 25′, Fig. 47.
Gargazon, town, lat. 46° 36′, Fig. 67.
Gazza, town, lat. 45° 50′, Fig. 30.
Geala, town, lat. 41° 13′, Fig. 53.
Gediz, river, lat. 38° 36′, Pl. VII.
Ghemlick, (Cius), town, lat. 40° 30′, Pl. VII.
Ghison, river, lat. 44° 54′, Figs. 21, 22.
Gléresse, town, lat. 47° 8′, Fig. 18.
Gömö, district, lat. 49°, Fig. 48.
Gopes, town, lat. 41° 13′, Fig. 53.
Gornia Bistrica, town, lat. 46° 30′, Fig. 31.
Gottschee, town, lat. 45° 38′, Fig. 31.
Gradena, basin, _see_ Grödenthal.
Gradisca, town, lat. 45° 15′, Fig. 31.
Gramala, bay, lat. 40° 15′, Fig. 53.
Grammos, mts., lat. 40° 25′, Fig. 53.
Gramosta, town, lat. 40° 23′, Fig. 53.
Grand Paradis Peak, lat. 45° 30′, Fig. 22.
Gran-Esztergom, town, lat. 47° 47′, Fig. 48.
Graudenz, town, lat. 53° 25′, Pl. IV.
Gressoney, lat. 45° 50′, Fig. 22.
Greutschach, town, lat. 46° 51′, Fig. 31.
Grevena, village, lat. 40° 9′, Fig. 53.
Gries, pass, lat. 46° 30′, Fig. 22.
Griffen, town, lat. 46° 50′, Fig. 31.
Grisons, canton, lat. 46° 42′, Fig. 67.
Grödenthal, valley, lat. 46° 37′, Fig. 30.
Grodno, town, lat. 53° 41′, Fig. 38.
Grybow, town, lat. 49° 40′, Pl. IV.
Guevgueli, town, lat. 41° 13′, Fig. 53.
Gurk, town, lat. 46° 55′, Fig. 31.
Gusinye, district, lat. 42° 35′, Fig. 53.

Hadikfalva, town, lat. 47° 55′, Fig. 44.
Halluin, town, lat. 50° 47′, Pl. I.
Hama, town, lat. 35° 13′, Pl. V.
Hamburg, city, lat. 53° 33′, Pl. IX.
Harput, town, lat. 38° 40′, Pl. V.
Havel, river, lat. 52° 43′, Fig. 7.
Hazebrouck, town, lat. 50° 44′, Pl. I.
Helsingfors, town, lat. 60° 10′, Pl. IX.
Hermannstadt, town, lat. 45° 46′, Pl. III.
Herzegovina, province, lat. 43° 20′, Fig. 48.
Hesse, grand duchy, lat. 51°, Fig. 7.
Hochkönigsberg, mt., lat. 48° 15′, Pl. II.
Hodeida, town, lat. 14° 40′, Pl. V. _See_ inset:
“Extension of the Hejaz line toward Mecca.”
Hoeylaert, town, lat. 50° 49′, Fig. 14.
Homs, town, lat. 34° 46′, Pl. V.
Hont, comitat, lat. 48° 30′, Fig. 48.
Huta, town, lat. 48° 22′, Fig. 48.

Ile de France, province, lat. 48° 50′, Fig. 3.
Ill, river, lat. 48° 25′, Pl. II.
Illmenspitze, mt., lat. 46° 28′, Fig. 67.
Illyria, province, lat. 46° 15′, Fig. 48.
Ilmen, lake, lat. 58° 15′, Fig. 38.
Imotski, town, lat. 43° 25′, Fig. 48.
Ipek, town, lat. 42° 34′, Fig. 53.
Iran, plateau, lat. 32°, Pl. VII. _See_ inset:
“Western Asia showing direction of Main Mountain Ranges.”
Isargo, river, _see_ Eisack.
Iser, mt., lat. 50° 50′, Fig. 48.
Ishtip, town, lat. 41° 45′, Fig. 53.
Isnik (Nicaea), town, lat. 40° 40′, Pl. VII.
Isonzo, river, lat. 46°, Fig. 31.
Issime, town, lat. 45° 40′, Fig. 22.
Istensegitz, town, lat. 47° 52′, Fig. 44.
Istria, province, lat. 45° 20′, Fig. 32.
Ixelles, (Brussels), Fig. 14.

Jablunka, pass, lat. 49° 34′, Pl. IV.
Jaffa, town, lat. 32° 4′, Pl. V.
Jakobeny, town, lat. 47° 30′, Fig. 44.
Jeihun, river, lat. 37° 30′, Pl. VII.
Jerablus, town, lat. 36° 30′, Pl. V.
Jerusalem, city, lat. 31° 47′, Pl. V.
Jette, town, lat. 50° 51′, Fig. 14.
Jevizlik, town, lat. 40° 48′, Pl. VII.
Jidda, town, lat. 21°, Pl. V. _See_ inset:
“Extension of the Hejaz line toward Mecca.”
Johanisburg, town, lat. 53° 37′, Fig. 38.
Julian Alps, mts., lat. 46° 10′, Fig. 31.
Jumaya, town, lat. 42°, Fig. 53.
Jura, mts., lat. 46° 50′, Fig. 3.

Kailar, town, lat. 40° 29′, Fig. 53.
Kalamas, river, lat. 39° 35′, Fig. 53.
Kalarites, town, lat. 39° 40′, Fig. 53.
Kamienec, town, lat. 48° 40′, Fig. 44.
Kanin, mt., lat. 46° 24′, Fig. 31.
Karaferia, town, lat. 40° 36′, Fig. 53.
Kassaba, town, lat. 38° 8′, Pl. V.
Kastamuni, town, lat. 41° 23′, Pl. V.
Kastoria, lake, lat. 40° 34′, Fig. 53.
Katerynoslav, town, lat. 48° 28′, Fig. 38.
Kavalla, town, lat. 41°, Fig. 47.
Kelkid, river, lat. 40° 20′, Pl. VII.
Kerepes, town, lat. 47° 35′, Fig. 48.
Kharkov, town, lat. 50°, Fig. 38.
Kherson, town, lat. 46° 39′, Fig. 38.
Kholm, town, lat. 51° 39′, Fig. 38.
Khursk, town, lat. 51° 56′, Fig. 38.
Kiev, town, lat. 50° 27′, Fig. 38.
Kimara, town, lat. 40° 10′, Fig. 53.
Kiri, river, lat. 41° 55′, Fig. 53.
Kirlibaba, town, lat. 47° 40′, Fig. 44.
Kizil, river, lat. 41°, Pl. VII.
Klagenfurth, town, lat. 46° 37′, Fig. 48.
Klausen, town, lat. 46° 39′, Fig. 67.
Kliasma, river, lat. 56° 19′, Fig. 38.
Klimutz, town, lat. 47° 58′, Fig. 44.
Klissura, town, _see_ Vlakho-Klissura.
Knin, town, lat. 44° 3′, Fig. 48.
Kockana, town, lat. 40° 20′, Fig. 53.
Koekelberg, (Brussels), Fig. 14.
Konia, town, lat. 37° 51′, Pl. VII.
Koritza, town, lat. 40° 15′, Fig. 53.
Kostenberg, town, lat. 46° 45′, Fig. 31.
Kottbus, town, lat. 51° 34′, Fig. 41.
Kovno, town, lat. 55°, Fig. 38.
Koweit, town, lat. 29° 30′, Pl. VI.
Krajste, valley, lat. 42° 41′, Fig. 53.
Krasnostaw, town, lat. 50° 59′, Pl. IV.
Kremnitz, town, lat. 48° 42′, Fig. 48.
Krushevo, town, lat. 41° 25′, Fig. 53.
Kuban, province, lat. 45°, Fig. 38.
Kukush, town, lat. 40° 59′, Fig. 53.
Kurdistan, province, lat. 37° 30′, Pl. VII.
Kurland, province, lat. 57°, Fig. 38.
Kustendil, town, lat. 42° 18′, Fig. 53.
Kwidzyn or Marienwerder, town, lat. 53° 40′, Pl. IV.

La Chiesa, town, lat. 46° 20′, Fig. 22.
Ladoga, lake, lat. 60° 45′, Fig. 38.
Laeken, lat. 50° 51′, Fig. 14.
Laghi, cape, lat. 41° 12′, Fig. 53.
Lagosta, is., lat. 42° 46′, Fig. 48.
Laibach, town, lat. 46° 3′, Fig. 48.
Lales, town and bay, lat. 41° 30′, Fig. 53.
Lanciano, town, lat. 42° 14′, Fig. 33.
Lantosque, town, lat. 43° 59′, Fig. 22.
Lapsista, town, lat. 39° 45′, Fig. 53.
La Turbie, village, lat. 43° 50′, Fig. 22.
Lavarone, town, lat. 45° 55′, Fig. 67.
Lecce, town, lat. 40° 22′, Fig. 43.
Lecker Au, river, lat. 54° 45′, Fig. 34.
Lemberg, (Lvov), lat. 49° 40′, Pl. III.
Lesina, is., lat. 43°, Fig. 48.
Leskovatz, town, lat. 43°, Fig. 53.
Leva, town, lat. 48° 15′, Fig. 48.
Libau, town, lat. 56° 30′, Fig. 38.
Liége, town, lat. 50° 40′, Pl. I.
Lille, town, lat. 50° 38′, Pl. I.
Lim, river, lat. 43° 23′, Fig. 53.
Linkebeek, town, lat. 50° 49′, Fig. 14.
Linz, town, lat. 48° 17′, Fig. 48.
Lissa, is., lat. 43° 4′, Fig. 48.
Livonia, province, lat. 57° 20′, Fig. 38.
Lobau, town, lat. 53° 30′, Pl. IV.
Lobositz, town, lat. 50° 31′, Fig. 48.
Lods, town, lat. 51° 46′, Pl. IV.
Loeche, town, lat. 46° 12′, Fig. 22.
Loetzen, town, lat. 54° 2′, Fig. 38.
Loing, river, lat. 48°, Fig. 3.
Longwy, town, lat. 49° 32′, Pl. I.
Lorraine, province, lat. 48° 50′, Pl. II.
Luditz, town, lat. 50° 3′, Fig. 48.
Luisenthal, town, lat. 47° 35′, Fig. 44.
Lunéville, town, lat. 48° 35′, Fig. 7.
Lusatia, province, lat. 51°, Fig. 41.
Luxemburg, grand duchy, lat. 50°, Pl. I.
Lvov, (Lemberg), city, lat. 49° 40′, Pl. III.
Lyck, town, lat. 53° 50′, Pl. IV.
Lys, river, lat. 51°, Pl. I.

Macedonia, lat. 41°, Fig. 53.
Macugnaga, town, lat. 45° 59′, Fig. 22.
Magarevo, town, lat. 41° 12′, Fig. 53.
Maggiore, lake, lat. 46°, Fig. 22.
Makarska, town, lat. 43° 18′, Fig. 48.
Malakasi, town, lat. 39° 45′, Fig. 53.
Malborghet, town, lat. 46° 30′, Pl. III.
Malmedy, town, lat. 50° 24′, Pl. I.
Maramoros or Maramaros-Sziget, town, lat. 47° 55′, Fig. 44.
Marburg, town, lat. 46° 34′, Fig. 31.
March, river, lat. 48° 30′, Pl. III.
Maria-Theresiopel, town, lat. 46° 8′, Pl. III.
Marienwerder, (Kwidzgn), town, lat. 53° 44′, Pl. IV.
Mariondol, town, lat. 45° 40′, Fig. 48.
Maritza, river, lat. 41°, Fig. 47.
Markirch, (or Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines), town, lat. 48° 14′, Pl. II.
Marmora, sea, lat. 40° 40′, Fig. 47.
Marne, river, lat. 49° 2′, Fig. 3.
Maros, river, lat. 46°, Pl. III.
Maros Vasarhely, town, lat. 46° 28′, Pl. III.
Martello, river, lat. 45° 51′, Fig. 25.
Massif Central, region, lat. 45°, Fig. 3.
Masurian, lakes, lat. 54°, Fig. 38.
Mati, river, lat. 41° 40′, Fig. 53.
Meander, river, lat. 37°, Pl. VII.
Mecca, city, lat. 21° 20′, Pl. V. _See_ inset:
“Extension of the Hejaz line toward Mecca.”
Mediasch, town, lat. 46° 7′, Pl. III.
Meleda, is., lat. 42° 45′, Fig. 48.
Melkovic, town, lat. 43° 3′, Fig. 48.
Melnik, town, lat. 52° 21′, Pl. IV.
Menin, town, lat. 50° 47′, Pl. I.
Meran, town, lat. 46° 41′, Fig. 67.
Mesopotamia, province, lat. 36° 30′, Pl. VII.
Metsovo, town, lat. 39° 45′, Fig. 53.
Metz, town, lat. 49° 7′, Pl. II.
Meuse, river, lat. 49° 10′, Pl. IX.
Midyad, town, lat. 37° 30′, Pl. VII.
Mies, town, lat. 49° 44′, Fig. 48.
Mitau, town, lat. 56° 39′, Fig. 38.
Mitoka-Dragomirna, town, lat. 47° 48′, Fig. 44.
Mitrovitza, town, lat. 42° 43′, Fig. 47.
Moldau, river, lat. 49° 40′, Fig. 48.
Molenbeek-St. Jean, (Brussels), Fig. 14.
Molise, province, lat. 41° 35′, Fig. 33.
Mollières, town, lat. 44° 58′, Fig. 21.
Molovista, town, lat. 41° 4′, Fig. 53.
Molsheim, town, lat. 48° 33′, Pl. II.
Monastir, town, lat. 41° 1′, Fig. 47.
Mont Blanc, lat. 45° 51′, Fig. 18.
Montefalcone, town, lat. 45° 42′, Fig. 31.
Monte Moro, pass, lat. 46°, Fig. 22.
Montenegro, kingdom, lat. 43°, Fig. 48.
Monteoderisio, town, lat. 42° 6′, Fig. 33.
Monte Theodule, pass, lat. 45° 57′, Fig. 22.
Montreux, town, lat. 46° 26′, Fig. 18.
Montsevilier, town, lat. 47° 23′, Fig. 18.
Moosburg, town, lat. 46° 37′, Fig. 48.
Morat or Murten, lake and village, lat. 46° 55′, Fig. 18.
Morava, river, lat. 44°, Fig. 47.
Moravia, province, lat. 49° 30′, Pl. III.
Moravska-Ostrava, town, lat. 49° 50′, Fig. 48.
Moresnet, territory, lat. 50° 43′, Fig. 7.
Morge, valley, lat. 46° 20′, Fig. 18.
Morhange, town, lat. 48° 56′, Pl. II.
Mori, town, lat. 45° 52′, Fig. 30.
Morlacca, canal, lat. 45°, Fig. 48.
Morva, (March), river, lat. 48° 30′, Pl. III.
Moselle, river, lat. 49°, Pl. II.
Moskopolis, town, lat. 40° 40′, Fig. 53.
Mosul, town, lat. 36° 19′, Pl. VII.
Moutiers, town, lat. 45° 30′, Fig. 22.
Munster, town, lat. 46° 16′, Fig. 22.
Mur, river, lat. 46°, Fig. 31.
Murad Su or Murad, river, lat. 38° 43′, Pl. VII.
Mush, town, lat. 38° 47′, Pl. VII.

Namur, town, lat. 50° 28′, Pl. I.
Nancy, town, lat. 48° 41′, Pl. II.
Narenta, river, lat. 43°, Fig. 47.
Narew, river, lat. 53° 8′, Pl. IV.
Neidenburg, town, lat. 53°, Fig. 38.
Nemecke Prava, town, lat. 48° 57′, Fig. 48.
Nesibin, town, lat. 37°, Pl. V.
Netze, river, lat. 53°, Pl. IV.
Neuchâtel, lake, lat. 46° 55′, Fig. 18.
Neusatz, town, lat. 45° 16′, Pl. III.
Neusiedler, lake, lat. 47° 50′, Fig. 48.
Neusolonetz, town, lat. 47° 40′, Fig. 44.
Neutra, town, lat. 48° 19′, Fig. 48.
Neuveville, town, lat. 47° 6′, Fig. 18.
Neva, river, lat. 59° 48′, Fig. 38.
Nevesca, town, lat. 40° 37′, Fig. 53.
Nevrokop, town, lat. 41° 32′, Fig. 53.
New Tischen or Titschein, town, lat. 49° 35′, Pl. III.
Niemen, river, lat. 55°, Fig. 38.
Nish, town, lat. 43° 27′, Fig. 47.
Nishava, river, lat. 43°, Fig. 47.
Nissa, river, _see_ the river, lat. 50° 30′,
on which the town of Neisse stands, Pl. IV.
Noce, river, lat. 46° 25′, Fig. 30.
Novezansky, town, lat. 48° 2′, Fig. 48.
Novi Bazar, town, lat. 43° 4′, Fig. 53.
Novi Varosh, town, lat. 43° 25′, Fig. 53.
Nürschan, town, lat. 49° 40′, Fig. 48.

Oder, river, lat. 51° 20′, Pl. IV.
Ograyevitza, valley, lat. 43° 40′, Fig. 53.
Ohain, town, lat. 50° 49′, Fig. 14.
Oise, river, lat. 49° 54′, Fig. 3.
Oka, river, lat. 55° 57′, Fig. 38.
Okrida, lake, lat. 41°, Fig. 53.
Okrida, town, lat. 41° 11′, Fig. 53.
Oldenhorn, peak, lat. 46° 19′, Fig. 18.
Oletzko, town, lat. 54°, Fig. 38.
Olhem or Ohain, town, lat. 50° 49′, Fig. 14.
Oliva, town, lat. 54° 32′, Pl. IV.
Olmütz, town, lat. 49° 36′, Fig. 48.
Oltu, river, lat. 44°, Pl. III.
Olympus, mt., lat. 40° 4′, Fig. 53.
Oppeln, town, lat. 50° 40′, Pl. IV.
Orco, river, lat. 45° 17′, Fig. 22.
Ornavasso, town, lat. 45° 59′, Fig. 22.
Ortelsburg, town, lat. 53° 34′, Fig. 38.
Ortler, mt., lat. 46° 30′, Fig. 67.
Osogov, mt., lat. 42° 10′, Fig. 53.
Ostanitza, town, lat. 40° 2′, Fig. 53.
Osterode, town, lat. 53° 41′, Fig. 38.
Otranto, strait, lat. 39° 45′, Fig. 53.
Oulx, town, lat. 45° 3′, Fig. 21.

Paluzza, village, lat. 46° 34′, Fig. 31.
Panchova, town, lat. 44° 56′, Fig. 48.
Panderma, town, lat. 40° 18′, Pl. V.
Paris, city, lat. 48° 50′, Fig. 3.
Paris Basin, region, lat. 48° 50′, Fig. 3.
Pata, town, lat. 41° 23′, Fig. 53.
Patnoz, town, lat. 39° 22′, Pl. VII.
Pechui, town, _see_ Fünfkirchen.
Pellice, river, lat. 44° 50′, Fig. 21.
Pergine, lat. 46° 6′, Fig. 30.
Perouse, town, lat. 44° 56′, Fig. 22.
Persian Gulf, lat. 29°, Pl. VII.
Peshtera, town, lat. 43° 12′, Fig. 53.
Philippopolis, town, lat. 42° 3′, Fig. 47.
Piave, river, lat. 45° 50′, Fig. 32.
Picardy, province, lat. 49° 50′, Fig. 3.
Pignerol, town, lat. 44° 48′, Figs. 21, 22.
Pilis, district, lat. 47° 15′, Fig. 48.
Pilsen, town, lat. 49° 45′, Fig. 48.
Pindus, mts., lat. 39° 45′, Fig. 53.
Pirot, town, lat. 43° 10′, Fig. 53.
Pisuderi, town, lat. 40° 45′, Fig. 53.
Pressburg, town, lat. 48° 10′, Pl. III.
Priepet, river and marshes, lat. 52° 10′, Pl. IX.
Prizrend, town, lat. 42° 8′, Fig. 53.
Progno, river, lat. 45° 30′, Fig. 30.
Prokleita, mts., lat. 42° 25′, Fig. 53.
Provence, province, lat. 43° 50′, Fig. 3.
Pruth, river, lat. 47°, Pl. III.
Puglia, province, lat. 41°, Fig. 43.
Pusterthal, valley, lat. 46° 44′, Fig. 67.

Raab, river, lat. 47° 25′, Fig. 48.
Raab, town, lat. 47° 41′, Pl. III.
Radgona, town, lat. 46° 40′, Fig. 31.
Radkersburg, town, lat. 46° 42′, Fig. 31.
Radymno, town, lat. 49° 58′, Pl. IV.
Ragusa, town, lat. 42° 37′, Fig. 48.
Ras el ain, town, lat. 36° 50′, Pl. V.
Rayak, town, lat. 33° 30′, Pl. V.
Razlog, town, lat. 41° 51′, Fig. 53.
Red Sea, lat. 20°, Pl. V. _See_ inset:
“Extension of the Hejaz line toward Mecca.”
Reichenberg, town, lat. 50° 47′, Fig. 48.
Renz, town, lat. 54° 43′, Fig. 35.
Resia, town, lat. 46° 30′, Fig. 31.
Reval, town, lat. 59° 27′, Pl. IX.
Rhenish Prussia, province, lat. 50° 30′, Fig. 7.
Rhine, river, lat. 48°, Pl. II.
Rhine-Herne, canal, lat. 51° 28′, Fig. 7.
Rhodes, is., (the largest of the Dodecanesia group),
lat. 36° 23′, Pl. V.
Rhode-Saint-Genèse, town, lat. 50° 49′, Fig. 14.
Rhodope, mts., lat. 42°, Fig. 47.
Rhone, river, lat. 45°, Fig. 3.
Rhone Valley, lat. 45°, Fig. 3.
Ribeauvillé or Rappoltsweiler, town, lat. 48° 12′, Pl. II.
Rienza, river, lat. 46° 50′, Fig. 30.
Riga, gulf, lat. 57° 30′, Pl. IX.
Rilo, town, lat. 42° 9′, Fig. 53.
Rima S. Giuseppe, village, lat. 45° 54′, Fig. 22.
Roana, town, lat. 45° 51′, Fig. 25.
Roanne, town, lat. 46° 2′, Fig. 6.
Rochemolles, town, lat. 45° 8′, Fig. 21.
Rodoni, cape, lat. 41° 34′, Fig. 53.
Rodosto, town, lat. 41°, Fig. 47.
Rokytince, town, lat. 49° 22′, Fig. 48.
Rosa, mt., lat. 45° 56′, Fig. 22.
Roshai, town, lat. 42° 49′, Fig. 53.
Rotzo, town, lat. 45° 50′, Fig. 25.
Rovereto, town, lat. 45° 53′, Fig. 30.
Roya, river, lat. 43° 54′, Fig. 22.
Rudolfthal, town, lat. 45° 15′, Fig. 48.
Rymanow, town, lat. 49° 35′, Pl. IV.

Saar, river, lat. 49° 35′, Pl. II.
Saaz, town, lat. 50° 21′, Fig. 48.
St. Andrea, is., lat. 43° 2′, Fig. 48.
St. Bernard, mt., lat. 45° 51′, Fig. 18.
Saint-Gilles, town, (Brussels), Fig. 14.
St. Gotthard, town, lat. 46° 58′, Fig. 31.
Saint-Hermagoras, town, lat. 46° 43′, Fig. 31.
Saint-Josseten-Noode, town, (Brussels), Fig. 14.
St. Omer, town, lat. 50° 45′, Pl. I.
St. Pancrace, town, lat. 46° 48′, Fig. 31.
Sakaria, river, lat. 40°, Pl. VII.
Sakaria, valley, lat. 40°, Pl. VII.
Salbertrand, town, lat. 45° 6′, Fig. 21.
Salecchio, town, lat. 46° 20′, Fig. 22.
Salerno, town, lat. 40° 40′, Fig. 43.
Salonica, town, lat. 40° 38′, Pl. IX and Fig. 47.
Samarra, town, lat. 34° 10′, Pl. V.
Sampeyre, town, lat. 44° 35′, Fig. 22.
Samsun, town, lat. 41° 18′, Pl. VIII.
San, river, lat. 50° 34′, Pl. IV.
Sana’a, town, lat. 15°, Pl. V. _See_ inset:
“Extension of the Hejaz line toward Mecca.”
San Felice Slavo, town, lat. 41° 54′, Fig. 33.
San Giacomo di Lusiana, town, lat. 45° 30′, Fig. 25.
San Giovanni Teatino, town, lat. 42° 24′, Fig. 33.
San Juan, point, (Gulf of Drino), lat. 41° 45′, Fig. 53.
San Juan de Medua, town, lat. 41° 55′, Fig. 53.
San Martino di Perrero, town, lat. 44° 56′, Fig. 21.
San Michele, (German: Pommat), village, lat. 46° 20′, Fig. 21.
Sanok, town, lat. 49° 34′, Pl. IV.
San Pietro Brazza, town, lat. 43° 19′, Fig. 48.
Santi-Quaranta, (Preveza), town, lat. 39° 49′, Fig. 53.
San Vito (Chietino), town, lat. 42° 15′, Fig. 33.
Saône, river, lat. 46° 2′, Fig. 3.
Sappada, village, lat. 46° 37′, Fig. 31.
Sarajevo, town, lat. 43° 52′, Fig. 48.
Sarine, river, lat. 46° 35′, Fig. 18.
Sarnaki, town, lat. 52° 22′, Pl. IV.
Saros, gulf, lat. 40° 35′, Fig. 47.
Sarrebourg, town, lat. 48° 45′, Pl. II.
Saseno, is., lat. 40° 29′, Fig. 53.
Sasun, district, lat. 38° 30′, Pl. VII.
Sauer, river, lat. 51° 40′, Fig. 7.
Sauris, village, lat. 46° 31′, Fig. 31.
Sauza d’Oulx, town, lat. 45° 2′, Fig. 21.
Save, river, lat. 44° 52′, Pl. III.
Saxony, kingdom, lat. 51° 50′, Fig. 48.
Schaerbeek, (Brussels), Fig. 14.
Schässburg, town, lat. 46° 10′, Pl. III.
Schlucht, pass, lat. 48° 4′, Pl. II.
Scutari, lake and town, lat. 42° 1′, Fig. 53.
Seine, river, lat. 49° 28′, Fig. 3.
Sebenico, town, lat. 43° 44′, Fig. 48.
Seihun, river, lat. 37° 30′, Pl. VII.
Selia, town, lat. 40° 8′, Fig. 53.
Semeni, river, lat. 40° 40′, Fig. 53.
Sensburg, town, lat. 53° 52′, Fig. 38.
Serres, town, lat. 41° 7′, Fig. 53.
Sesia, river, lat. 45° 45′, Fig. 22.
Sette Communi, plateau, 45° 50′, Fig. 25.
Settimo Vitone, town, lat. 45° 33′, Fig. 22.
Shar, mts., lat. 42°, Fig. 53.
Sicken-Sussen, town, lat. 50° 49′, Pl. I.
Sienitza, town, lat. 43° 15′, Fig. 53.
Sierre or Siders, town, lat. 46° 21′, Fig. 18.
Silesia, province, lat. 50° 51′, Pl. IV.
Sinj, town, lat. 43° 40′, Fig. 48.
Sinjar, town, lat. 36° 23′, Pl. VII.
Sipiska, town, lat. 40° 41′, Fig. 53.
Siracu, town, lat. 39° 39′, Fig. 53.
Sisani, town, lat. 40° 25′, Fig. 53.
Sivas, town, lat. 39° 37′, Pl. VIII.
Skumbi, river, lat. 41° 6′, Fig. 53.
Slavonia, province, lat. 45° 45′, Fig. 48.
Smyrna, city, lat. 38° 26′, Pl. VII.
Sofia, town, lat. 42° 32′, Fig. 47.
Soignes, forest, lat. 50° 49′, Fig. 14.
Solomiac, town, lat. 44° 59′, Fig. 21.
Sorne, river, lat. 47° 23′, Fig. 18.
Spalato, town, lat. 43° 30′, Fig. 48.
Spree, river, lat. 52° 23′, Fig. 41.
Stagno, town, lat. 42° 39′, Fig. 48.
Stari Vlah, district, lat. 43° 25′, Fig. 53.
Strassburg, town, lat. 48° 36′, Pl. II.
Strassburg, (Prussia), town, lat. 53° 14′, Pl. IV.
Stravopolskoi, town, lat. 45° 2′, Fig. 38.
Struga, town, lat. 41° 10′, Fig. 53.
Struma, river, lat. 41° 22′, Fig. 53.
Strumitza, river, lat. 41° 20′, Fig. 53.
Stulpikani, town, lat. 47° 27′, Fig. 44.
Stura, river, lat. 45° 15′, Fig. 22.
Subotica, or Maria-Theresiopel, town.
Suha Gora, mt., lat. 41° 58′, Fig. 53.
Surash, town, lat. 52° 55′, Pl. IV.
Suse, town, lat. 45° 10′, Figs. 21, 22.
Suwalki, town, lat. 54° 7′, Pl. IV.
Swabia, district, lat. 48° 20′, Fig. 30.
Syria, province, lat. 34°, Pl. VII.
Szbadka, or Maria-Theresiopel, town.

Tabriz, town, lat. 38° 2′, Pl. VII.
Tännchen, mt., lat. 48° 12′, Pl. II.
Tara, mts., lat. 43° 55′, Fig. 53.
Tarcento, town, lat. 46° 13′, Fig. 31.
Tarvis, town, lat. 46° 45′, Fig. 48.
Tatra, mts., lat. 49° 50′, Pl. IV.
Tauris, province, lat. 46°, Fig. 38.
Taus, town, lat. 49° 27′, Fig. 48.
Tekrit, town, lat. 34° 35′, Pl. V.
Temesvar, town, lat. 45° 47′, Pl. III.
Tepeleni, town, lat. 40° 18′, Fig. 53.
Terskaja, province, lat. 40° 30′, Fig. 38.
Tervueren, town, lat. 50° 49′, Fig. 14.
Teschen, town, lat. 49° 45′, Pl. IV.
Tessin, (Tessino), canton, lat. 46° 15′, Fig. 22.
Tetovo, town, lat. 42° 5′, Fig. 53.
Tezew, (Dirschau), lat. 54° 5′, Pl. IV.
Theiss, river, lat. 46° 30′, Pl. III.
Thessaly, province, lat. 39° 30′, Fig. 53.
Thièle, river, lat. 47° 2′, Fig. 18.
Thorn, town, lat. 53° 3′, Pl. IV.
Thures, town, lat. 44° 54′, Fig. 21.
Thuringia, state, lat. 50° 40′, Fig. 7.
Tigris, river, lat. 33°, Pl. VII.
Timok, river, lat. 44°, Fig. 53.
Tirnovo, town, lat. 43° 7′, Fig. 47.
Toce, falls, lat. 46° 22′, Fig. 22.
Toce, river, lat. 46° 5′, Fig. 22.
Tofana, mt., lat. 46° 32′, Fig. 67.
Tokat, town, lat. 40° 17′, Pl. VII.
Tölgyes, pass, lat. 47°, Pl. III.
Tomaschow, town, lat. 50° 27′, Pl. IV.
Torcola, is., lat. 43° 5′, Fig. 48.
Torre Pellice, village, lat. 44° 40′, Figs. 21, 22.
Tourcoing, town, lat. 50° 43′, Pl. I.
Trafoi, town, lat. 46° 34′, Fig. 30.
Trebizond, town, lat. 41° 1′, Pl. VII.
Transylvania, province, lat. 46° 40′, Pl. III.
Trebnitz, town, lat. 50° 25′, Fig. 48.
Treene, river, lat. 54° 20′, Fig. 35.
Tren, town, lat. 42° 48′, Fig. 53.
Trent, town, lat. 46° 4′, Fig. 30.
Triest, gulf, lat. 45° 30′, Fig. 31.
Triest, town, lat. 45° 39′, Pl. III.
Tripoli, town, lat. 34° 30′, Pl. VII.
Tubize, town, southwest of Brussels, Fig. 14.
Turocz, town, lat. 49° 5′, Fig. 48.
Turtmann, valley, lat. 46° 15′, Fig. 22.
Tweebeek, town, _see_ Tubize, Fig. 14.
Tyrol, province, lat. 47°, Fig. 30.

Uccle, town, south of Brussels, Fig. 14.
Udine, town, lat. 46° 10′, Pl. III.
Ukraine, province, lat. 49° 40′, Fig. 38.
Ung, river, lat. 48° 42′, Fig. 38.
Unterwald, or Foppiano, village, lat. 45° 18′, Fig. 22.
Urmiah, lake, lat. 37° 40′, Pl. VII.
Uskok, mts., lat. 45° 45′, Fig. 48.
Uskub, town, lat. 42° 5′, Fig. 53.

Valais, canton, lat. 46° 15′, Fig. 22.
Valona, town, lat. 40° 29′, Fig. 53.
Valsesia, or Sesia, river, lat. 45° 45′, Fig. 22.
Van, lake, lat. 38° 40′, Pl. VIII.
Var, river, lat. 43° 45′, Fig. 22.
Vardar, river, lat. 41°, Fig. 53.
Vardar, valley, lat. 41°, Figs. 48, 53.
Vas, comitat, lat. 47° 14′, Fig. 31.
Vasto, town, lat. 42° 7′, Fig. 33.
Vaud, canton, lat. 46° 35′, Fig. 22.
Velebiti, mts., lat. 44° 30′, Fig. 48.
Venije-Vardar, town, lat. 40° 45′, Fig. 53.
Verdun, town, lat. 49° 10′, Fig. 3.
Verona, city, lat. 45° 30′, Fig. 30.
Vicenza, town, lat. 45° 32′, Fig. 30.
Vichlaby, district, lat. 49° 20′, Fig. 48.
Viège, town, 46° 22′, Fig. 22.
Villach, town, lat. 46° 37′, Fig. 48.
Vilna, town, lat. 54° 41′, Fig. 38.
Vinadio, town, lat. 44° 23′, Fig. 22.
Vintschgau, river, lat. 46° 37′, Fig. 67.
Viso, mt., lat. 44° 40′, Fig. 22.
Vistula, river, lat. 50°, Pl. IV.
Vlakho-Klissura, town, lat. 40° 27′, Fig. 53.
Vlakho-Livadi, town, lat. 40° 8′, Fig. 53.
Vlasina, river, lat. 42° 50′, Fig. 53.
Vodena, town, lat. 40° 47′, Fig. 53.
Volga, river, lat. 57°, Fig. 38.
Volhynia, province, lat. 50° 40′, Fig. 38.
Voronz, town, lat. 51° 46′, Fig. 38.
Vosges, mts., lat. 48°, Fig. 3.
Voyussa, river, lat. 40° 36′, Fig. 53.
Vrable, town, lat. 48° 40′, Fig. 48.
Vrania, town, lat. 42° 37′, Fig. 53.

Wallachia, district, lat. 44° 30′, Fig. 38.
Waterloo, town, lat. 50° 44′, Pl. I and Fig. 14.
Weiss, valley, lat. 48° 18′, Pl. II.
Weissenburg, town, lat. 49° 2′, Pl. II.
Weissenstein, mt., lat. 47° 15′, Fig. 18.
Wesel, town, lat. 51° 39′, Pl. IX.
Westphalia, province, lat. 51° 36′, Fig. 7.
West Prussia, province, lat. 53° 40′, Pl. IV.
White Drin, river, lat. 42° 15′, Fig. 53.
Wildstrubel, mt., lat. 46° 24′, Fig. 18.
Windhorst, town, lat. 45° 15′, Fig. 48.
Wissek, town, lat. 53° 12′, Pl. IV.
Woerther, lake, lat. 46° 37′, Fig. 31.
Woluwe St.-Lambert, (Brussels), Fig. 14.

Xirolivadi, town, lat. 40° 30′, Fig. 53.

Yanina, town, lat. 39° 47′, Fig. 53.
Yonne, river, lat. 48°, Fig. 3.
Yuzgat, town, lat. 39° 50′, Pl. VIII.

Zab, river, lat. 37° 30′, Pl. VII.
Zagros, mts., lat. 35°, Pl. VII. _See_ inset:
“Western Asia showing direction of Main Mountain Ranges.”
Zala, district, lat. 46° 48′, Fig. 31.
Zara, town, lat. 44° 7′, Fig. 48.
Zemplin, town, lat. 48° 15′, Fig. 38.
Zermagna, river, lat. 44° 10′, Fig. 48.
Zermatt, town, lat. 46° 2′, Fig. 22.
Zips, district, lat. 49° 15′, Fig. 48.
Zmigrod, town, lat. 49° 39′, Pl. IV.
Zombor, town, lat. 45° 46′, Fig. 48.
Zumborak, town, lat. 45° 30′, Fig. 48.
Zwittau, town, lat. 49° 46′, Fig. 48.

INDEX

Aasen, Ivar, 99

Abruzzi, 88

Adalia, Gulf of, 251, 256-257

Adige, 84

Adige valley, 70, 74

Adriatic, control, 83-84;
eastern coast, 337-338;
piracy, 86, 87;
problem, 199-201;
Serbia and, 180

Adriatic coast and German language, 68

Adriatic provinces, 76

Ægean, 174, 175, 247-248, 274

Aidin railway, 250, 251, 255

Albanach, 192

Albania, 84, 163, 164, 180, 181, 187, 189, 193-201;
Greek boundary, 197;
importance, 199;
national feeling and boundaries, 194, 195;
religion, 201

Albanian, 87, 90, 163, 165, 192

Albanians, 175, 192-201

Alemanni, 44

Aleppo, 224, 225, 259, 261, 264

Alexandretta, 244, 261

Alexandria, 233, 234

Alghero, 64

Allevis, 285

Alpes-Maritimes, 64

Alpine race, xiv, 4, 5, 6, 19, 38, 40, 41, 323-324

Alps, 42, 333

Alsace, 38-49;
Lower and Higher, 41

Alsace-Lorraine, 329-330, 334-335;
linguistic boundary between French and German, 35-49

Alsatians, 40, 41, 46, 47

Amanus, 259, 260

America, discovery of, 233, 235

Anatolia, 225, 247, 248, 266, 271, 275, 276, 284;
Turks in, 281

“Ange,” 36

Anglo-Saxon, 13

Ansariyehs, 298-299

Ansiedelunggesetz, 127

Antioch, 297, 298

Aosta, 60

Aptals, 289

Arabia, 238;
British influence, 240-241;
France and, 266

Arabic, 225, 230;
in Turkish, 280

Arabs, 307-308

Aram, 302

Aramaic, 302, 306

Arameans, 302-303

Argana, 261, 266

Argyrocastro, 197, 199

Arlon, 22

Armenia, 224, 244, 254, 266;
etymology, 291

Armenian, Persian words in, 272

Armenians, 272, 289-294

Armenoids, 271, 273, 285, 324

Armorica, 56

Arnaut, 194

Aromunes, 163

Aryan, Albanian, 192;
Armenians, 291, 292;
early home, 7;
Lithuanians, 104, 105;
vagueness of term, 8

Ashkenazim, 301

Asia Minor, 175, 225, 228-229, 269, 270;
geography, 252;
Greeks in, 273-278;
highway character, 249;
Mohammedan dissenters, 285-289;
Mohammedan immigrants, 282-284;
peoples and villages, non-Turkish, table, 308-309;
resources, 253-255;
Turks in, 278-282.
_See also_ Turkey

Asiatic trade with Europe, 233-236

Asiatics in Europe, 174-176

Assassins, 298

Athens, 248

Augustus, 64

Austria, 95, 330;
as protector of Europe, 82;
census returns, character, 76;
Dalmatia, 87;
foreign policy, 80;
Italian frontier claims (with sketch-map), 335-337;
Jewish capitalists, 125;
Lombardo-Venetia, 74;
Poles in, 130;
sketch-map showing Slavs and their languages, 183;
Slovene in, map, 81

Austria-Hungary, 155, 156;
Adriatic provinces, 76;
Italians in, 66;
nationality, 83;
Polish provinces, table, 138;
population and weakness, 80-82;
Serbians in, 181-182

Avars, 81, 176

Avshars, 288

Bagdad, 238, 242, 260, 262

Bagdad railroad, 178, 251, 257-263

“Bahnhof,” 53

Balearic islands, 64

Balikis, 288

Balkan peninsula, 86-87;
clash of Slav and Teuton, 181;
highway character, 174-175, 177-181;
linguistic and political divisions, 201-202;
physical character, 174;
Romanic languages, 164-166;
Rumanians in, 160;
Serbian inhabitants and, 174-191;
Slavicization, 165;
southeastern angle, 215-216, 218

Balkan States, areas and populations before and after the wars,
tables, 345

Balkans, communications, map, 179;
sketch-map of western, 203

Baltic, Poland and the, 119, 120

Baltic languages, 100-110

Baltic provinces, 103-108

Banat territory, 86, 158

Baradeus, Jacobus, 306

Basel, 54

Basra, 306

Bavaria, 68, 73, 74

Bedouins, 307-308

Beirut-Aleppo railroad, 250, 265

Bektash, 287-288

Belekis, 288

Belgae, 21

Belgium, 329;
boundary of French and Germanic languages in, 19-34;
French- and Flemish-speaking inhabitants, table, 34;
language, xiv;
linguistic and political boundaries, 22;
literature, 318-319;
national language, 23;
nationality, 33;
present crisis, 29, 33;
Romance languages in, 25;
shape of land, 29-30;
struggle for unity, 20

Berat, 164

Berne, 53, 54

Beskid, 115, 143

Bessarabia, 159;
Rumanians in, 172

Bienne, 49, 50, 51, 55

Bismarck, 329

Black Caps, 284

Black Sea, 218;
Poland and, 120

Blanc, Mont, 52

Blondness in Asia Minor, 286

Bohemia, 56, 341;
culture, 143;
German element at present, 148-149;
German ring about, 141-142, 144;
national consciousness, 148;
nationality, 153;
Slav and Teuton struggle, 143-144;
spoliation, 148

Bohemian and Bohemians, 141-150;
literature, 146, 147, 151

Böhmerwald, 141, 142

Boleslas, 119

Bolzano, 73, 74

Boshnaks, 189

Bosnia, 181, 182, 189, 190;
German settlers, 190-191

Bosnian Mohammedans, 190

Bosporus, 174, 178, 181, 217-220, 244

Boulogne, 23

Boundaries, linguistic and political, 342;
national frontiers, 328;
natural, 327;
natural and scientific, 332-334;
revisions, 202.
_See also_ Frontiers

Boyana, 196

Brandenburg, 116, 118

Brenner Pass, 70, 72

Breslau, 116

Bressanone, 73

Breton, 56

Bromberg, 121, 122

Bruche, 43

Brussels, French language in, growth, 27;
languages, 24;
sketch-map of environs showing language distribution, 26

Budapest, 156

Bukovina, 168-173;
colonies and population, 170, 171;
Germans in, 169;
sketch-map of Rumanian area, 169

Bulgaria, history, 214;
national unity, 214-215

Bulgarian, Macedonian and, 206;
old, 211;
Serbian transition dialect, 212

Bulgarians, 176, 180, 202;
ethnic composition, 209-210;
Greek boundary, 207;
Macedonia, 204;
Turks and, 210

Bunjevci, 188

Burgundy, 20, 36, 52, 53, 61

Byzantium, 232, 235

Caliphate, 241, 267

Cape-to-Cairo railroad, 252

Caravans, 234, 257-258, 263

Carniola, 79, 80

Carpathians, 114-115, 131, 136

Catalonians, 64

Cathay, 233, 234

Caucasus, 135, 283, 284

Celtic, xiv, 47, 52, 59;
early home, 6;
in France, relation to Italic, 56;
Po, 63

Celts, 6, 40, 41;
Asia Minor, 287;
early home, 56;
influence on Teutons, 14

Chaldeans, 305

Charlemagne, 38, 39

Charles the Bald, 38, 39

Charles IV, 145, 146

Chepmi, 285

China, 234

Chinese, 7

Christians of St. John, 306

Christians of Turko-Persian borderland, table, 311-313

Chuds.
_See_ Esthonians

Cilician Gates, 225, 258

Cimbro, 68

Cimmerians, 286

Circassians, 282-284

Colonization, Germans in Poland, 127-129;
Germans in Russia, 343-344

Constantinople, 167, 181, 205, 219-220, 232, 244, 282, 324;
Turkish capture, 235

Cracow, 125, 130

Crete, 217

Croatia, 182, 184, 190

Croats, 81, 85, 88, 182

Crusades, 245, 301

Czech, xv, 3;
German and, in northern Bohemia, 144-145;
linguistic area, 142, 143

Czecho-Slovak body, 143

Czechs and Poles, 115

Czernowitz, 170

Dacia, 161

Dacians, 175

Dalmatia, 182, 186;
Italians in, 77;
Italy’s claims, 84-86;
map of the coast, 85;
nationality, 87;
Roman influence, 84-86;
value to Italy, 84

Dalmatian coast, 78, 337-338

Dalmatian islands, population statistics, 76

Damascus, 264, 267, 302

Danish, 93-97;
Norway, 98

Dante, 75

Danube, 46, 82, 137, 154, 155, 156, 165, 175, 181, 199

Danzig, 117, 118, 121

Danzig, Gulf of, 117, 126

Dardanelles, 174, 217-220, 244

Denmark, linguistic problem, 93-97.
_See also_ Schleswig-Holstein

Devil-worshipers, 303, 304

Discovery, age of, 233

Dnieper, 111, 136, 137

Dodecanesia, 246-247, 256

“Drang nach Osten,” 119, 181, 243, 331

Druzes, 299-300

Duma, 124

Dunkirk, 20, 23, 24

Durazzo, 200, 212

Dushan, Stephen, 186, 211

Dwellings, Alemannic, 44;
German types, 14;
Italian and German, in northern Italy, 68;
Lithuanians, 105;
Lorraine, 44;
Romansh, 54

Dyrrachium, 200

Eastern Question, 180, 228, 231-233, 248

Elbe, 93, 118, 133, 136, 137, 141, 142, 150

Elephantine papyri, 302

Ems, 93

Epidamnus, 200

Epirus, Greek claims to, 196-198

Erzerum, 224

Erzgebirge, 141, 142

Esthonians, 104, 106-108

Euphrates, 224, 238, 239, 294, 302, 308

Europe, civilizing power of geography, 18;
eastern, sketch-map showing classification of Russians, etc., 112;
languages, classification, 346-347

Fellaheen, 308

Fennification, 102

Finland, 17, 101-103;
language and population tables, 109, 110;
languages, 103;
literature and nationality, 322-323;
Sweden and, 102, 103

Finnish, 15, 17, 101-103

Finno-Ugrian, 17

Finns, 101-103

Fiume, 88

Flammigants, 28

Flemings, 19-30;
rivalry with Walloons, 28-30

Flemish language, 19-29

Formazzo valley, 67

France, Celtic in, 56;
dialects, 9;
early distinction in languages, 9;
Flemish language in, 23;
Italian linguistic boundary, 63;
language and literature, 320;
linguistic boundary in Alsace-Lorraine, 35-49;
map showing contact of langue d’oïl and langue d’oc, 12;
nationality, 40;
racial elements, 5;
sketch-map showing mountain areas and basins, 10;
Turkey and, 237, 245-246, 263-266

François, 12

Franco-Provençal dialects, 60

Franco-Russian sphere in Turkey, 250, 266

Franks, 56

Fransquillons, 28

Frasherists, 164

French, Alsace-Lorraine, 35-49;
Belgium, 23;
boundary in Belgium and Luxemburg, 19-34;
character, 11;
character and composition, 11, 12;
dialects in Italy, 60-64;
early influence in Germany, 14;
Flemish-speaking districts of France, 24;
in Italy (map), 61;
Luxemburg, 30-34;
map showing boundary between French and Italian, 65;
origin of modern, 9;
sketch-map of Brussels and environs showing, 26;
Switzerland (with map), 49-58

French Revolution, 47, 48, 59, 148, 315, 316

Fribourg, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55

Frisian, 94

Friuli, 78

Friulian, 72, 76, 165;
definition, 73

Frontiers, France and Germany, 334-335;
linguistic factor, 314;
scientific, 332-333;
wars and, 328

Gaelic, 56

Galatae, 286

Galicia, 113, 114;
Jews, 125-126;
Poles, 130;
Poles and Ruthenians, 131

Gallipoli, 175

Gaul, 64

Gaulish, 56

Gediz valley, 249, 264

German, Alsace-Lorraine, 35-49;
area, 13;
around Bohemia, 141-142, 144;
Baltic provinces, 105, 106;
Czech and, in northern Bohemia, 144-145;
dialects, 13;
dwelling houses and language, 14;
imposition of the language in Alsace, 48;
in Italy, 66-75;
Luxemburg, 31-33;
sketch-map of areas of the three dialects, 15;
Switzerland (with map), 49-58;
transitional dialects, 14

Germanic languages, 9;
boundary in Belgium and Luxemburg, 19-34

Germanization, Alsace-Lorraine, 48;
Bohemia, 144-145;
Bosnia, 190-191;
Bukovina, 169-170;
Danish provinces, 95;
Hungary, 156-157;
Italy, 69;
Lusatia, 134;
Luxemburg, 31;
Moravia, 150;
Slovak-land, 151-152, 153;
Trentino, 75;
Upper Silesia, 126-127

Germany, clash with Slavs in Balkans, 181;
Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein problem, 93-97;
Germans and Poles in Upper Silesia, table, 139-140;
language and power, 329;
language and unity, 317;
linguistic boundary in Alsace-Lorraine, 35-49;
nationality, 40, 316;
Poles in eastern, 123;
Polish contact, 115-135;
Polish estate buying, 127-129;
Polish immigration, 121-122;
Polish provinces, table, 137-138;
Russia and, 330-332;
Turkey and, 236, 237, 241-243, 257-258, 263

Gheks, 193

Gibraltar, 236

Gipsies, 172, 289

Goths, 176

Great Britain and Turkey, 237, 238, 255-256, 263

Great Russians, 113, 136, 170

Greece, 175;
Albanian boundary, 197;
Albanian coast and, 200-201;
Bulgarian character in north, 211;
Bulgarian speech and, 207;
claims on Turkey, 247-248;
Epirus and, 196-198;
Rumanian in, 163

Greek, classical forms in Asia Minor, 277;
in Italy, 89-90;
Macedonian boundary, 205-206;
northern area, map, 203

Greeks, Asia Minor, 273-278;
blue-eyed, 176;
Dodecanesia, 247;
Mohammedan, 277;
Persians and, 227

Grimault, 326

Grusinian, 284

Guzlars, 321-322

Hai, 291

Hakem, 300

“Hakenhufen,” 133

Hamath, 302

Hamze, 300

Hanaks, 150

“Heim,” 44

“Heimatlose,” 95

Hejaz railroad, 267

Hellenism.
_See_ Greece; Greeks

Hellenization, 205

Herzegovina, 181, 182

High German, 13

Hittites, 279, 291, 299, 301

Hochdeutsch, 13

Holland, 29, 30, 33, 329

Holstein, 94, 95.
_See also_ Schleswig-Holstein

Homo alpinus, 323-324

Hungarian, 154-159

Hungarians, 81, 154;
Croatia, 190

Hungary, 131;
debt to Rumania, 168;
defining, 338-340;
Germanization, 156-157;
Germans in, 152;
individuality, 154;
Rumanian problem, 157, 158-159;
sketch-map of Rumanian area, 169;
Slovakian area, 152;
Slovaks, 150, 151

Huns, 176

Huss, 146, 147, 151

Huzuli, 168

Ile-de-France, 9, 11

Ill valley, 38, 40

Illyrian, 86

India, 234, 238, 239, 240, 257

“Ingen,” 36, 44

Ipek, 194, 195, 196

Isarco, 73

Ismailyehs, 298

Istria, Italian in, 77

Istrian peninsula, 76

Italian borderlands, 59-92;
Dalmatian islands, 76;
inhabitants of Italian speech in Adriatic provinces, table, 92;
Istrian region, 77;
map showing boundary between Italian and French, 65

Italic and Celtic, in France, 56

Italy, 59-92;
Austrian frontier claims (with sketch-map), 335-337;
claim on Turkey, 237, 246-247, 256;
foreign linguistic groups, 60;
German language in, 66-75;
Greeks in, 89-90;
map of Slavic colonies in the Molise group, 89;
nationality, 59, 90;
non-Italian vernaculars, table, 91;
Slavic dialects in and on borders, 78;
Slavs in, 88;
Slovene in, and on borders of, map, 81

Jablunka pass, 115

Jacobites, 305-306

Jaffa-Jerusalem railroad, 250, 265

Jagellons, 120

Janina, 198-199

Jerusalem, 301

Jews, Esthonian, 107;
Galicia, 125-126;
German Poland, 123;
Polish, 123, 126;
Polish provinces of Russia, 123;
Turkey, 301

Judea, 226

Jugoslavia, 88, 185, 338

Jura, 49, 52, 55

Jutland, 93

Kabardians, 283

Kalevala, 322-323

Karapapaks, 284

Karst land, 77-79

Kastoria, 211

Khirgiz, 174

Kiel Canal, 94

Kiev, 119

Kizilbash, 285-288

Konia, 258, 260

Kottbus, 134, 135

Kovno, 132

Kraljevitch, Marko, 321

Kurdistan Christians, table, 312-313

Kurds, 294-296

Kurland, 106

Kutzo-Vlachs, 163

Ladin, 66, 72, 165;
definition, 72-73

Ladislas, 119

Lake beds, 290

Landsmaal, 99, 100

Language, economic influences, 325-327;
formative influence, 18;
national asset, 320;
nationality and, 1, 155, 314-315;
race, nationality, and, 4;
European, classification, 346-347;
great groups in Europe, 9

Langue d’oc, 9, 12, 64

Langue d’oïl, 9, 12, 20, 328

Lassi, 149, 150

Latin, 52, 56, 320;
Belgium, 21;
Dalmatian coast, 86, 87;
introduction into France, and influence, 10;
Rome’s, 59;
Rumanian and, 159-161;
Southeastern Europe, 163

Latin-Faliscan, 56

Lazis, 284

Lebanon, 299, 300

Lemberg, 125, 130

Letts, 104-107

Liége, 28

_Lingua romana_, 38

_Lingua teudisca_, 39

Linguistic areas, 3

Lippowans, 170-171

Literature and nationality, 317-319

Lithuanians, 104-107

Little Russians, 113, 131, 136

Livonians, 107

Lombardo-Venetia, 74

Lorraine, 36-37, 326, 334.
_See also_ Alsace-Lorraine

Lothaire, 39

Lotharii Regnum, 38

Lothringia, 29, 40

Louis the German, 38

Low German, 13, 94

Lusatia, 133

Luther, 13

Lutherans, 105, 106, 108

Luxemburg, boundary of French and Germanic languages in, 19-34;
language, 30-34

Maalstraev, 97

Macedonia, 202, 204-214;
history, 208-209;
loss to Bulgarians, 207;
physical, 203-204;
Serbian claims on, 211-212;
Slavs, 206

Macedonian, 165, 166, 206

Macedonians, 204-214;
definition, 204;
ethnic composition, 209;
groups, 205

Magyar, area, 155-156

Magyars, 151, 154, 155

Malmedy, 22, 33

Mar Shimun, 305

Maritza, 215, 219, 220

Marmora, 218-220, 244

Maronites, 299, 300-301

Masurians, 132, 133

Meander, 255-256

Mecca, 241, 267, 268

Mediterranean race, xiv, 4, 5, 6

Mendai, 306

Meran, 73

Mesopotamia, 226, 238, 260, 261, 262, 272, 307, 308;
reclamation, 239

Metauilehs, 297-298

Metsovo, 160

Metz, 37, 43

Mezzo-Mezzos, 277

Middle German, 13

Midyad, 305

Migrations, 202;
seasonal, 162

Mindvog, 104

Mirdites, 193

Mohammedan Albanians, 194, 201

Mohammedanism, 83;
Turkey and, 221

Mohammedans, 101, 136, 164, 177, 189;
Bosnia, 190;
Caliphate, 241, 267;
dissenters, 285-289;
Great Britain and, 240;
Greek, 277;
immigrants into Turkey, 282-284;
landholders in Europe, 198;
railroad funds, 267-268

Moldavia, 171, 172

Moldavians, 162, 167, 168

Molise group, 89

Monastiro, 72

Mongolian, 104

Mongolians, 113, 176

Mont Blanc, 52

Montenegrins, 180

Montenegro, 182, 195, 196

Moravia, 149-150;
German expansion, 150

Moravian, 115, 116

Moravian Slovaks, 149, 150

Moravians, 142

Moresnet, 32, 33

Morlacca, 88

Mosul, 223, 260;
Christians, table, 311-312

Mountains as boundaries, 333-334

Musariyehs, 298-299

Muscovy, 16

Mush, 290, 294

Nancy, 36, 37, 42, 43

Naples, kingdom of, Slav colonists, 88

Nationality, language and, 1, 155, 314-315;
language, race, and, 4

Nestorians, 304-305

Netherlands, 29

New Norse, 100

Niederdeutsch, 13

Nimrud Dagh, 294

Noghai tartars, 283

Nomadism, 162, 164, 282, 283, 308

Nordic race, xiv, 4, 5, 6, 19, 41, 102, 104, 176

Norse, 98, 99, 100

Norsk, 98

Norway, Danish language in, 98;
linguistic problem, 97-100

Norwegian, 97, 100

Norwego-Danish, 98-100

Novibazar, 188-189

Oberdeutsch, 13

Obrenovitch, Miloch, 186

Oder, 93, 116, 118, 137

Old Norse, 98, 99

Oscan-Umbrian, 56

Palestine, 245, 265

Pan-Germanism, 331

Pan-Slavism, 331

Paris, 9, 11

Parlers, 11

Patois, French, 9

Peacock King, 303

Persia, trade, 238

Persian and Armenian, 272

Persian Gulf, 239

Persians, Armenians and, 290;
Greeks and, 227

Phrygians, 286, 292

Piasts, 119, 120

Picard patois, 11, 12

Piedmont, 59-62;
German in, 66-67

Pilsen, 144

Pindus, 162, 163, 165, 166, 195, 202, 203, 204

Pjesme, 321, 322

Plattdeutsch, 13

Po, 59, 63, 84

Podgoritza, 196

Podhalians, 114

Poetry, nationality and, 318-319;
Serbia, 321-322

Poland, 111-140;
Austro-Hungarian provinces, table, 138;
autonomy, 340-341;
German colonization, 116, 127-129;
German provinces, table, 137-138;
Jewish element, 124-126;
nature of land, 119;
Russia and, 121;
Russian provinces, table, 138-139;
Turkey and, 120;
unity of, 135-136

Poles, 111-140;
Austrian, 130;
Bukovina, 170, 171;
eastern Germany, 123;
German contacts, 115-135;
patriotism and national spirit, 129;
letters in Germany, 121-122

Polish, area, 111-140;
teaching, 129

Polish Jews.
_See_ Jews

Posen, 116, 121-123, 128, 133

Prague, 146

Protestants, Bohemia, 146;
Piedmont, 61-62;
Polish group, 133

Prussia, 48, 49, 81, 82, 93, 94, 95, 117, 118, 120, 126, 127;
ascendency, 329;
Germanization, 128;
Poland and, 340-341;
Poles in, 117, 121

Pruth, 172

Race, xv;
European blending, xiv, 5;
language, nationality, and, 4;
mingling, 3

Ragusa, 77, 88

Railroads, Turkish, 248-252, 268-269;
Turkish-owned, 267

Raskolniks, 136

Ratzel, F., 325, 326

“Red head,” 286

Religious persecution, 61-63

Reval Esthonian, 108

Rhine, 35, 37, 46, 47, 326

Rhone, 51, 52

Riksmaal, 98, 99, 100

Rivers as boundaries, 46, 333

Roman names in Belgium, 21

Romance languages, 56;
Balkan peninsula, 86-87, 164-166;
Belgium, 25;
easterly group map, 166

Romanic, 56, 66

Romanic languages, 9

Romansh, 54, 165;
definition, 72-73

Rome, Dalmatia and, 83-86;
influence in southeastern Europe, 165;
Rumania and, 167;
southeastern Europe and, 161

Rumania, original element and history, 167;
Russian influence, 172, 173

Rumanian, 159-173;
Albanian and, 165;
Bessarabia, 172;
Latin kinship, 159-161, 162;
map of areas, 166;
Serbia, 188;
sketch-map of, in Bukovina and Hungary, 169;
sketch-map showing parts, 183

Rumanians, 339;
Balkan peninsula, 160;
colonies and groups, 163-164;
Roman customs, 161;
in and about Hungary, 157, 158-159;
Pindus mountains, map, 203

Russ, 16

Russia, 15, 16;
advances southwesterly, 243;
Baltic provinces, 103-108;
Bessarabia and Rumania, 172, 173;
different languages, 18;
Finland and, 101, 103;
German settlements in, 343-344;
Germany and, 330-332;
Jewish segregation, 124;
Jews in Polish provinces, 123;
Poland and, 121;
Polish provinces, table, 139-140;
sketch-map showing classification, 112;
Turkey and, 236, 237, 244-245, 250, 264, 266-267

Russian, 15;
Asiatic influence, 16-17;
blending of dialects, 18;
Finland, 103;
origin of modern, 16

Russians, divisions, 136;
original, 132

Russification, 106, 108

Ruthenia, 16

Ruthenians, 114, 126, 130, 131, 168;
Bukovina, 168, 170, 171-172;
Slav type, 132

Sabeans, 298, 303, 306

St. Bernard passes, 52

Salonica, 181, 213-214

Samaan mountains, 303

Samsoun-to-Sivas railroad, 250, 266

San Juan de Medua, 199

Sanskrit, 104

Sardinia, 64

Sarmatians, 175, 176

Sasseno, 200, 201

Saxon, 158

Saxon colony in Hungary, 157, 158

Saxonian, 13

Scandinavian languages, 93-100

Schelde, 19, 20, 30

Schleswig, 93-97

Schleswig-Holstein, 341;
Germanization, 95;
problem, 93-97;
sketch-map of languages from Danish viewpoint, 97;
sketch-map of languages from German viewpoint, 96

Scutari, 180, 199

Scutari Lake, 195, 196

Scythians, 175

Sephardim, 301

Serbia, 182, 243, 337, 338;
Adriatic and, 180;
Austrian ultimatum, 181;
claims on Macedonia, 211-212;
history and politics, 186;
linguistic area, 186-189;
nationality, 191;
poetry, 321-322

Serbian, area, 181-182;
Bulgarian transition dialect, 212

Serbo-Croatian in the Dalmatian islands, 76

Serbo-Croats, 79, 136, 184-185

Serbs, 81, 85, 88;
Balkan, 174-191;
culture, 184;
religion and nationality, 182-183;
three groups, 182

Sette communi, 68-69;
map of German speech in, 69

Shmuds, 104

Siberia, 17

Silesia, 116.
_See also_ Upper Silesia

Silk, 246

Simplon tunnel, 52

Sinjar range, 303, 304

Sivas, 250, 266

Skip, 192

Skipetars, 189, 192, 193

Slavic, xv, 9;
Russian as a form of, 15

Slavicization, 101;
Balkan peninsula, 165

Slavonia, 182, 184

Slavs, 6;
Adriatic provinces, 76;
Austria-Hungary, 82;
Baltic, 108;
Bohemian and Moravian, 141;
Dalmatia, 85, 86, 87;
early home, 7;
fusion with aliens, 108;
German-speaking, 134;
Italy, 78, 88-89;
Karst and Adriatic, 77-78;
languages in Austria, sketch-map, 183;
Macedonian, 202, 206;
map of Molise group in Italy, 89;
Naples, 88;
note on, 136-137;
Poland, 111;
southern unity, 185, 337-338;
Teutonic clash, 181, 330-332;
type, 132

Slovakian, 151;
Hungarian northern boundary, 152

Slovaks, 114, 136, 150-153;
Moravian, 149, 150;
outside their native land, 153

Slovene, Italy, 76;
linguistic area, 76-81;
map showing area in Austria and parts of Italy, 81

Slovenes, 136

Sorabes, 133

Spalato, 77, 86

Stapelländern, 326

Steppes, 15-18

Strassburg, 37, 38, 41

Suez Canal, 178, 223

Suwalki, 132

Svatopuk, 150

Swabians, 170

Sweden, 100, 101;
Finland and, 102, 103

Swedish, 100, 102;
Finland, 103

Switzerland, distribution of languages, tables, 57, 58;
languages, 326-327;
linguistic boundary between French and German (with map), 49-58;
nationality, 54;
Valais and German, 66-67

Syria, 226, 250, 272, 303;
France and, 245-246, 264, 265;
French states in time of Crusades, map, 245

Syrians, 296-298;
Nestorians and, 305

Széchenyi, Stephen, 155

Szekler, 157, 159, 170

Tahtajis, 285

Tatar, 16, 101, 102, 166, 167

Tatars, 177;
invasion of southern Poland, 113;
Turks and, 279-280

Taurus, 229-230, 258, 259

Tchan, 284

Temesvar, 188

Teutonic Knights, 104, 105, 118, 119, 120, 132

Teutons, Celtic influence, 14;
early home, 6;
Slavs and, 181, 330-332.
_See also_ Germany

Thessaly, 217

Thrace, 166, 175

Tigris, 238, 239, 294, 301, 302, 307;
Christians, table, 311-312

Tirnovo, 214

Tiroler Volksbund, 75

Toce, 67

Torre Pellice, 61-62

Tosks, 193

Trade, Asiatic and European, 233-236;
language and, 325-327

Transylvania, 157, 158, 159, 161, 162, 339;
social grouping, 159

Traveri, 287

Trent, Italian character, 75;
Bishopric of, 73, 74

Trentino, 335;
German in, 72;
German invasions, 70;
German propaganda, 75;
Italian dialects in, 72;
Italy’s claims and their basis, 73;
sketch-map showing languages spoken, 71

Trèves, 287

Triest, 76, 77

Troy, 232

Turani, 306

Turin, 60, 63

Turkestan, 283

Turkey, Armenians and, 293-294;
classification of peoples of Asiatic, table, 310;
danger to Europe past, 82-83;
economic position, 268;
elements of interest, 228;
Europe and, 237;
European powers and, 237;
geographical case of, 221-270;
geographical sections and peoples, 271;
Greeks and Albanians forced into Italy, 89-90;
groups of peoples, 273;
highway of commerce, 222-224, 248;
historic struggle for highway, 226-227;
literature and nationality, 323-325;
nationality, 230;
patriotism absent, 229;
partition, 236-237;
peoples of, 271-313;
Poland and, 120;
railroads, 248-252;
spheres of influence of European powers, 250-251;
summary glance at foreign influence, 269-270;
world selection, 230-236.
_See also_ Asia Minor

Turki, 101, 154, 272, 281, 283, 284

Turkish, 15, 204, 225;
Arabic words, 280;
Bulgarian and, 210;
Persian words, 272

Turkomans, 283

Turko-Persian borderland Christians, table, 311-313

Turks, 154, 165, 167, 168, 171, 186, 187;
customs, 176-177;
European occupation temporary, 177;
exodus, 202;
Greek and Bulgarian division of lands, 207-208;
in Asia Minor, 278-282;
intruders in Europe, 216-217;
race, 280;
religion, language and nationality, 280;
Tatar character, 279-280;
two types, 281

Tyrol, 75;
German and Italian competition, 74;
southern, 70

Ukraine, 131, 135

Upper Silesia, 126;
Germans and Poles, 126-127, 139-140

Uralo-Altaic, 17

Urals, 17, 333

Urartu, 290, 291

Uskub, 186, 204, 210, 211

Valais, 51-54;
German in, 66-67

Valdese valleys, 62

Valona, 200, 201

Van, 290

Vannic, 291, 292

Var, 64

Vardar valley, 164, 204

Venetia, 74;
German dialects in, 68

Venice, 72, 85, 200;
Dalmatian influence and authority, 85, 87

Venice, Gulf of, 84

Veria, Rumanians, 164

Verse, conversing in, 108

Vienna, 153, 154, 156

Vienna, treaty of, 315-316, 328-329

Vistula, 111, 113, 117, 118, 133, 135, 136, 137

Vosges, 41, 334

Walas, 22

Wallachian verse, 160

Wallachians, 162, 167, 168

Wallonia, 19, 28

Walloon, 19-30

Walloons, 19-30;
rivalry with Flemings, 28-30

Warsaw, 123, 124

Water boundaries, 333

“Weiler,” 45

Wends, 133-135;
map of speech area, 134

White Russians, 113, 136

Willcocks, Sir Wm., 239

Witte, H., 37, 44, 45

Yemen, 306

Yezidis, 303-304

Yuruks, 288-289

Zara, 77, 85

Zips, 170

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE

Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
the text and consultation of external sources.

Most illustrations had a repeated label “FIG. nn”; this duplicate
label has been removed.

Some Figures and their captions were printed sideways; these have
been rotated to the horizontal in the etext.

The ‘per cent’ columns in TABLE I and II on page 109 were incorrect.
The erroneous hundreds digit has been dropped, and the correct
results with a total 100.0% are obtained. For example 85.1 replaces
the printed 585.1 percentage. TABLE II has been split into two parts
for readability.

A separating line of dashes has been inserted for readability
between rows of TABLE II on page 310.

Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained: for example,
halfway, half-way; tableland, table-land; goodwill, good-will;
inclosed; coreland; practise; areal; comitat.

Pg 41: ‘Hohkönigsberg mountains’ replaced by
‘Hochkönigsberg mountains’.
Pg 92: ‘Metkovie’ in TABLE II replaced by ‘Metkovic’.
Pg 109: ‘Tota’ in 7th column of TABLE III replaced by ‘Total’.
Pg 110: In TABLE IV three cells misplaced on the ‘Vasa’ heading line
moved to the correct place on the next line.
Pg 126: ‘became a thorny’ replaced by ‘become a thorny’.
Pg 135: ‘comprise wealthly’ replaced by ‘comprise wealthy’.
Pg 155: ‘and muncipalities were’ replaced by
‘and municipalities were’.
Pg 158: ‘between the town of’ replaced by ‘between the towns of’.
Pg 265: ‘France the first’ replaced by ‘France in the first’.
Pg 297: ‘and the explantion’ replaced by ‘and the explanation’.
Pg 353: (Pittard) ‘la Péninsula des’ replaced by ‘la Péninsule des’.
Pg 355: (Teutsch) ‘Siebengürger Sachsen’ replaced by
‘Siebenbürger Sachsen’.
Pg 361: ‘Linkelbeek’ replaced by ‘Linkebeek’.
Pg 364: (Spalato) ‘town, lat. 43° 30°,’ replaced by
‘town, lat. 43° 30′,’.

Footnote [54]: ‘valées italiennes’ replaced by ‘vallées italiennes’.
Footnote [98]: ‘Talko-Hryncevicz’ replaced by ‘Talko-Hryncewicz’.
Footnote [200]: ‘Nasetia Srpskikh zrmalia’ replaced by
‘Naselia Srpskikh zemalia’.