Chapter XVII: The Submarine Peril, to Merchant Shipping; Recall to the Admiralty (3)

_Fortune_, 9, 267, 464, 485
in collision, 250
loss of, 376

_Forward_, 9

Foula Islands, 105

Fox, Captain C. H., 10

_Frauenlob_, loss of, 375

Fremantle, Commander G. A., 467

Fremantle, Rear-Admiral S., 254

_Fury_, 9, 150, 233

_Galatea_, 203, 290, 319, 430, 466
and Jutland battle, 319, 436, 443, 468, 469

Gamble, Vice-Admiral Sir Douglas, 8, 205

_Garland_, 9, 286, 376, 464, 483

_Garry_ engages a submarine, 169

Gaunt, Rear-Admiral E. F. A., 61, 319, 462, 477, 488
relieves Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas, 243
tribute to, 488

General Cruiser Instructions, the, 53

_Gentian_, 293

George V., King, messages to the Fleet, 89, 234, 288
visits the Fleet, 204, 234, 426

German account of Jutland battle, 363
bombardment of East Coast, 25
breach of international law, 18
disguised raiders, 273, 274
fleet (_see_ High Sea Fleet) gunnery, efficiency of, 348
merchant steamer intercepted and sunk, 291
mines and submarines, 221 _et seq._ (and _passim_)
submarine menace, 13, 16, 28, 37, 100, 113, 115 _et seq._

German Bight, British submarine lays mines in, 426

Germans fire on British rescuers, 112
proclaim British waters unsafe for shipping, 201
rescue British crews, 325, 486
thoroughness of defences of their naval bases, 30

Germany, destroyer force of, 392, 396, 397
mutinies in Navy of, 39
naval strength of, in early days of War, 32, 33

_Ghourko_, 86

_Gibraltar_, 11

_Glen Isla_, 262

Glossop, Lieutenant Francis G., 467

_Gloucester_, 185, 203, 290, 320, 466

Goff, Lieut.-Commander R. S., 376, 464, 483

_Goldfinch_, 9
loss of, 205

Goldsmith, Commander Malcolm L., 467

Goodenough, Commodore W. E., 8, 95, 112, 194, 203, 320, 326, 341,
344, 466, 489, 493
and Dogger Bank battle, 195
engages the enemy, 178

_Good Hope_, 10
loss of, 307

Gorleston, hostile battle cruisers sighted at, 157

_Goshawk_, 467

_Gossamer_, 9

Gough-Calthorpe, Rear-Admiral the Hon. S., 8

_Grafton_, 11

Graham, Lieut.-Commander E. S., 467

Grand Fleet, a series of misfortunes, 152
a watching policy decided upon, 14
all-round improvement in fighting efficiency of, 70
and its bases, 26, 28, 34 _et seq._, 76 _et seq._, 144
arrival of additional seamen ratings for, 109
at end of November, 1914, 168
at end of 1914, 185
attempts to entice enemy to action, 264 _et seq._
bases: conditions for leaving and returning to, 295 _et seq._
battle exercises, 258
Battle Orders, 49, 88, 401, 406, 408
battle tactics exercises, 47
blockade work [_see_ Blockade, Cruiser Squadron (10th)]
compared with High Sea Fleet, 31
composition of, 7 _et seq._
condenser and boiler troubles of, 103, 108, 121, 129, 139, 152,
156, 159, 167, 172, 174, 185, 187, 190
constitution of, in May, 1916, and a parallel, 300 _et seq._
countering retiring battle tactics, 50
cruising formation and deployment, 47, 271
destroyer force of, 396
development of, 36
disposition and movements of, after declaration of war, 90 _et seq._
efficiency of engine-room departments of, 140, 387
Fleet movements: a month’s work, 216
gunnery practice of, 64 _et seq._
inception of, 34
kite balloons provided for, 71, 72
lectures, system of, 86
measures against invasion and raids, 23, 24
messages from the King to, 89, 234, 388
naval instruction and education problem, 188
new Submarine Flotilla, 447
peace and war conditions compared, 55
personnel and welfare of, 85 _et seq._, 410, 487
pre-Dreadnought Squadron of, 47, 48
problem of tactics in Fleet actions, 391
Royal visits to, 204, 233, 426
Russian gentlemen’s visit to, 275
sea-plane reconnaissances of, 221
ships fitted with Director-firing system, 67
signalling by, and why reduced, 56 _et seq._
spirit of comradeship in, 87
sports, 86
submarines attached to, 303
tables showing armament, protection and displacement of capital
ships in, 308–310
the Staff Organisation, 39 _et seq._
training of, 55 _et seq._
work of medical officers, 488

Grant, Captain E. P. F. G., 462

Grant, Rear-Admiral W. L., 10, 96, 97
in command of 3rd Cruiser Squadron, 210

Great War, declaration of, 88
first reports of enemy movements, 90
naval strategy in home waters, 12 _et seq._
opening of, 1 _et seq._

Green, Captain J. F. E., 466

Greene, W. Graham, 414

_Grief_, 274

Griffin, W. C. R., a D. S. M. for, 334

Grubb, Lieut.-Commander Reginald W., 465

Gun power, question of, 306

Gun, range of, 38 (and _note_)

Gunfire, correction of, 68

Gunnery efficiency: a new departure, 235
work of German High Sea Fleet, 62, 64

Gye, Lieut.-Commander Alex. H., 467

Haddock, Commodore, 149, 171, 172

Haldane, Lord, 2

Halsey, Commodore Lionel, 7 (_note_), 219, 411

_Hamburg_, 374

Hamilton, Vice-Admiral Sir Frederick, becomes Second Sea Lord, 3

Hamond, Commander Robert G., 464

_Hampshire_, 198, 230, 257, 259, 420, 463
Kitchener and staff sail for Archangel in, 421
strikes a mine and sinks, 422
survivors of, 422

_Hannibal_, 93, 95, 205

Hardman-Jones, Lieut.-Commander E., 2

_Hardy_, 9, 176, 464

Harris, Lieut.-Colonel Gerald N. A., 82

Harrison, Lieut.-Commander G. C., 465

Harrison, Lieut.-Commander Julian, 464

Hartford, Lieut.-Commander G. B., 465

Harwich, mined areas near, 110

Harwich Force, 9, 385
provided with aircraft, 71

_Hawk_ sinks a submarine, 225

_Hawke_, 11
loss of, 21, 141

Hawksley, Commodore J. R. P., 9, 374, 384, 463, 477, 482

Heath, Rear-Admiral H. L., 334, 367, 368, 463, 477, 482

Heaton-Ellis, Captain E. H. F., 464

Heligoland, a comprehensive mining policy urged, 248
fortifications of, 128
proposals for bombardment and capture of, 128

Heligoland Bight, British submarines followed by German trawlers, 105
dispositions for sweeping, 123
enemy light forces in action, 111
mining policy in, 248, 249, 264
projected operations in, 109

_Hercules_, 7, 281, 318, 360, 462

_Hibernia_, 8, 127, 254

High Sea Fleet, a comparison with Grand Fleet, 31, 302
changes in commands of, 200
defensive rôle of, 39
destroyer force of, 396
efficiency of, ix, 62, 63
position of, in Jutland battle, 341
probable tactics of, correctly anticipated, 401
superiority of protection in, 307
surrender of, ix, 39, 70
tables showing armament, protection and displacement of, 308–310
under repair, 428

_Hindustan_, 8

Hobart, Lieut.-Commander F. E. H. G., 467

Hodgson, Commander John C., 467

_Hogue_, sinking of, 15, 37, 105, 132

_Hollyhock_, 236, 242

Holtzendorff, Admiral von, 63

Homan, Lieut.-Commander Edwin A., 465

Hood, Rear-Admiral the Hon. Horace, 219, 327, 330, 332, 337, 410,
463, 474, 475, 489
goes down with _Invincible_, 338, 487

_Hope_, 9, 184

Hope, C. C., awarded D. S. M., 334

Hopkins, Lieut.-Commander Sydney, 464

Hotham, Captain Alan G., 273, 342, 464

Howell, T. O. G., awarded D. S. M., 334

Hudson, Lieut.-Commander H. V., 465

Hutchinson, Commander Reginald B. C., 464

_Hydra_, 467

_Illustrious_, 114, 146, 157

_Iltis_ and her commander, 63

_Impérieuse_, 83

_Implacable_, 10

_Inconstant_, 203, 319, 466

_Indefatigable_, 203, 204, 466
loss of, 306, 323, 326, 370

_India_ torpedoed and sunk, 241

_Indomitable_, 24, 191, 199, 203, 330, 332, 338, 418, 464, 476, 480,
493, 494, 495, 496
and Jutland battle, 330, 332, 338
joins Grand Fleet, 183
takes _Lion_ in tow, 196

_Inflexible_, 24, 119, 125, 126, 127, 134, 135, 136, 157, 203, 228,
330, 418, 442, 464
and Jutland battle, 332, 338, 339, 475
joins the Fleet, 228
mined in Dardanelles, 314
loss of, 306

Ingenohl, Admiral von, 63, 200

International law, German disregard of, 18

_Intrepid_, 11

Invergordon as repairing base, 80
exercise and recreation at, 200
floating docks at, 79, 80, 448

_Invincible_, 24, 105, 125, 126, 127, 134, 135, 136, 157, 191, 203,
204, 213, 219, 290, 330, 332, 463
loss of, 306, 337–338, 475
survivors rescued by _Badger_, 356

_Iphigenia_, 11

Irish mail packets as armed boarding steamers, 171

Irish Sea, submarine activity in, 198, 209

_Iron Duke_, 5, 6, 7, 88, 94, 96, 98, 100, 101, 106, 108, 122, 132,
143, 144, 146, 152, 164, 168, 174, 187, 194, 197, 212, 219,
220, 267, 317, 318, 345, 357, 373, 462, 479
Confirmation by Archbishop of York on, 228
disconcerting discovery on, 139
in action, 349, 352, 353, 357, 481
refitting at Invergordon, 200, 252
Staff of, 39 _et seq._
the King’s speech to Fleet, 426, 427

_Irresistible_, 10

Irvin, Commander (Acting) W. D., 465

Italy enters Great War, 219

Jackson, Admiral Sir Henry, 78, 460
and the submarine menace, 454
becomes First Sea Lord, 219, 249

James, Lieut.-Commander C. H. N., 466

_Jason_, 9

Jellicoe, Admiral Sir J. R. (Viscount Jellicoe of Scapa), 318, 462
accepts command of Home Fleets, 1
and Kaiser’s criticism of dock accommodation, 315
and raids on unfortified towns, 287, 288
and the value of aircraft in war, 450
appointed Commander-in-Chief of Grand Fleet, 5
as First Sea Lord, 417, 459
Battle Orders of, 49, 88, 401, 406, 408
bids farewell to Fleet, 460
Birthday message to the King, 388
confers with Admiral Sir Henry Jackson, 219
confers with Premier and Chancellor of Exchequer, 241
despatches on Jutland battle, 304, 388, 462
embarrassing interview with Sir G. Callaghan, 4
entertains Lord Kitchener, 419
extensive mining policy of, 249
memorandum to Fleet from, 412, 460
objections to change of Command, 3, 4
proposals for handling Fleet in action approved by Admiralty, 302
proposes blocking of Zeebrugge, 154
reorganises his Staff, 39 _et seq._
selects his Staff, 2
suggested scheme of submarine obstructions by, 78
tribute to personnel of Fleet, 410, 411, 487
visits the Admiralty, 453
wounded in China, 63

Jerram, Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas H. Martyn, 316, 318, 367, 410, 463,
477, 482
relieves Admiral Warrender, 261
tribute to, 488

Jones, Commander Loftus W., 464, 476
gallantry of, 333
posthumous award of V. C. to, 332, 333

Jutland, Battle of, 304 _et seq._
Admiral Jellicoe’s memorandum to Fleet, 412
area covered by different engagements, 381
battle cruiser fleet’s action, 316 _et seq._, 479
battle fleet in action, 341 _et seq._, 474, 480
battle opens, 322
despatches on, 304, 388, 462
Director System in use at, 67
disposition of Fleet, 318 _et seq._
enemy losses, 486, 492
enemy sighted, 320, 342, 374
German version of, 363, 408, 409
Grand Fleet congratulated by Admiralty, 414
inferiority of British armour-piercing shell in, 69
night attacks by flotillas, 483
night dispositions, 483
proceedings on 1st June, 485
reflections on, 390 _et seq._
repairing and altering ships damaged in, 415
results of, 409
retiring tactics of enemy, 362, 407, 408
the night action, 370 _et seq._

_Kaiser_, 310

Kemmis, Sub-Lieutenant H. W. A., 484

_Kempenfelt_, 265, 266, 464

Kennedy, Captain Francis W., 464, 493

Kennedy, Captain Theobald W. B., 493

Kerr, Lieut.-Commander Fairfax M., 464, 476

Keyes, Commodore, 105, 196
rescues enemy crews, 112

Kiddle, Captain E. B., 462

Kiel, 2nd Battle Squadron’s visit to, 91

Kiel Bay, gunnery exercises in, 64

_Kildonan Castle_, 452

King, Lieut.-Commander Philip W. S., 467

_King Alfred_, 10, 106, 109, 159

_King Edward VII._, 8, 107, 108, 119
mined and sunk, 264, 265

_King George V._, 8, 167, 168, 173, 185, 190, 318, 463
and battle of Jutland, 345, 354, 357, 368

_King Orry_, 246, 432

_King Stephen_ sights sinking Zeppelin, 269

Kitchener, F.-M. Lord, 2, 3
at Scapa, 419
death of, 422
sails on _Hampshire_, 421

Kite Balloon Section, Roehampton, 72

Kite balloons, 71, 283

Knorr, Korvetten-Kapitän von, 240

_Köningen Luise_, 99

_Kristianiafiord_ intercepted by _Teutonic_, 255

_Kronprinzessin Cecilie_, 90

Kullen, the, a German merchant-steamer sunk off, 291

Lamlash, as pre-War practice base, 147

_Lancaster_, 210

_Landrail_, 467, 470

Lans, Vice-Admiral von, 63

_Lapwing_, 467

_Larne_, 9

_Lassoo_, 278
sinking of, 433

_Latona_, 11

_Laurel_, 467, 471

_Laverock_, 27

Lawrence, Commander, 457

Lawrie, Lieut.-Commander E. McC. W., 464

Lawson, Captain R. N., 7, 331, 464, 475

Leake, Captain F. M., 276

Leatham, Captain Eustace La T., 463

Lecky, Lieut.-Commander A. M., 464

_Leda_, 9, 143

Legge, Lieut.-Commander Montague C. B., 466

Leggett, Captain Oliver E., 491

Leith, Zeppelin attack on, 282

Le Mesurier, Commodore, 227, 268, 361, 365, 464, 482

Lerwick, coaling base at, 105

Leveson, Rear-Admiral A. C., 60, 61, 62, 191, 318, 463, 477, 488
tribute to, 488

_Leviathan_, 10, 159, 169, 171, 191, 198, 210

Ley, Captain J. C., 462

_Liberty_, 467

Light Cruiser Squadrons, new, 184, 226

Light Cruisers, British deficiency of, 396

_Lilac_ strikes a mine, 242

Lion, 8, 24, 195, 196, 197, 199, 203, 204, 213, 242, 245, 250, 254,
319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 327, 329, 418, 442, 443, 446, 465,
472, 474, 475, 480, 493, 494, 495, 496
and Jutland battle, 322, 323, 329, 480, 495
taken in tow by _Indomitable_, 496

_Liverpool_, 10, 16, 88, 94, 97, 98, 104, 113, 138, 148, 150, 165,
168, 174, 200, 203, 228, 251, 255

_Lizard_, 467

Loch Ewe, a conference at, 128
as coaling base, 96
submarine activity at, 138

Loch-na-Keal, base at, 144
base abandoned, 57
improvised obstructions at, 77

_London_, 10

“Long Forties,” the, 275

Long Hope, anchorage at, 81

_Lord Nelson_, 10

Lough Swilly, anti-submarine obstructions at, 146
base at, 144
Battle Squadrons at, 146
diversion at, 147
improvised obstructions at, 77, 146

_Louise_ (Danish steamer), 263

_Lowestoft_, 8, 90, 203, 493

Lowestoft, enemy bombardment of, 286

Lowry, Admiral Sir Robert, 77, 208, 219

_Lucia_, 447

_Lutzow_, 310 (_note_), 357
loss of, 314, 408

Lyddite shell, suspected, 163

_Lydiard_, 467, 470

_Lynx_, 9, 176
sunk by a mine, 238

Lyon, Lieut.-Commander H. I. N., 465

_Lyra_, 9

Maclachlan, Captain, 265, 266, 463

Madden, Rear-Admiral Charles E., 7, 40, 128, 411, 459, 490

_Mænad_, 376, 377, 465, 484

_Mafeking_, 232

_Magic_, 274, 353, 374, 464

_Magnificent_, 93, 95, 205

Mahan, Admiral, vii, 12, 302

_Mainz_ disabled in action, 111
her survivors rescued, 112

_Majestic_, 136

Makin, Lieut.-Commander Robert, 464

_Malaya_, 270, 328, 362, 380, 466, 468

_Manchester Commerce_, sinking of, 150

_Mandate_, 250, 464

_Manners_, 465

_Mantua_, 73, 109, 127, 131, 135

_Marksman_, 383, 465

Mark-Wardlaw, Lieutenant W. P., 263

_Marlborough_, 7, 180, 181, 207, 318, 319, 343, 345, 346, 347, 348,
349, 351, 354, 358, 376, 381, 382, 386, 415, 434, 462, 477,
480, 481, 485
in action at Jutland battle, 351, 354, 358
torpedoed, 316, 355

_Marne_, 266, 353, 374, 465

Marsden, Lieut.-Commander, 376, 464, 483

_Martial_, 464

_Martin_, 9

_Marvel_, 362, 465

_Mary Rose_, 465

Master, Lieut.-Commander E. G. H., 464

_Matchless_ strikes a mine, 255

McKenna, Mr., as First Lord, 35
visits the Fleet, 237, 241

McPherson, 2nd-Lieutenant, 421

Meade, Captain the Hon. Herbert, 464, 495

Mediterranean, ships in the, 300

_Medusa_ rammed and sunk, 278

_Melita_, 265

_Menace_, 465

_Menelaus_ (kite balloon ship), 71

Merchant-ships attacked by submarines, 237, 241
camouflaged, 171
commissioned for blockade work, 73
convoying, 46, 433
instructions for safety of, 47
serious loss of, 201, 210
squadron disbanded, 172
submarine peril to, 446 _et seq._

_Meteor_, 495
damaged in Dogger Bank battle, 197

_Meteor_ (German mine-layer) abandoned and sunk, 239
number of mines laid by, 247

_Michael_, 280, 465

_Michigan_, 171

_Midge_, 9, 237, 464

Milford Haven, Marquis of, 3, 391
succeeded by Lord Fisher, 155

_Millbrook_, 465

Miller, Captain Charles B., 436, 466, 493

Miller, Rear-Admiral Francis S., 80, 81, 95, 117, 122

Minches, the, submarines reported in, 145

_Mindful_, 362, 465

“Mine Bumping Squadron,” the, 100

Minelayer Squadron, 11

Mine-layers, increased activity of British, 248
Instructions to, 54

Mines, British, defective pattern of, 248
experiments to counter, 60
German, 18, 38, 96, 99, 113, 120, 150, 192, 214, 221 _et seq._
success of new type of, 249
the Northern Barrage, 249

Minesweepers, 9, 19, 60, 118, 202, 223, 266
chase submarine, 161
in collision, 218
inadequacy of force of, 19, 170
maximum speed of, 19
withdrawn for service abroad, 209, 434

Mine-sweeping force strengthened, 434

Mine-sweeping trawler rams submarine, 165

_Minion_, 464

Ministry of Blockade, establishment of, 76

_Minotaur_, 198, 257, 272, 318, 334, 367, 419, 438, 463

_Minstrel_, 9

_Mischief_, 465

Mocatta, Lieutenant Jack E. A., 466

_Moewe_ lays extensive minefield off Scottish coast, 265

Moir, Commander Dashwood F., 467

Molteno, Captain, 335, 463, 477

_Moltke_, 310

_Monarch_, 8, 31 (_note_), 93, 148, 184, 193, 310, 318, 463

Monitors, work of, on Belgian coast, 128

_Monmouth_, loss of, 306

_Mons_, 464

_Moon_, 465

Moore, Rear-Admiral Sir Gordon, 169, 171, 191, 493
and Dogger Bank battle, 193
succeeded by Rear-Admiral Pakenham, 210

_Moorsom_, 324, 325, 467, 470

Moray Firth, a submarine hunt in, 209
gunnery practice in, 65

_Moresby_, 329, 379, 466, 472, 474

Morley, Lord, dinner party at United Services Club, 2

_Morning Star_, 259, 353, 465

_Morris_, 324, 467, 470

Morton, Lieutenant, 232

_Mounsey_, 465

Muckle Skerry, surrender of U 18 at, 166

Munro, Captain Donald S., 127
devises system of submarine obstruction, 77, 146

_Munster_, 465
rescues crew of _Alcantara_, 273

_Musketeer_, 266, 431

_Mystic_, 464

Nabakoff, Vladimir, 275

_Naiad_, 11

Napier, Rear-Admiral Trevylyan, 185, 203, 338, 383, 466, 476, 489
engages a Zeppelin, 382

Napoleonic wars, work of the Navy in, 13

_Narborough_, 324, 366, 370

Narvik, iron ore trade of, 276, 292

_Narwhal_, 465

_Natal_, 8, 88, 199
blown up in Cromarty harbour, 260
court-martial on loss of, 260

Naval instructors, reduced number of, 189

Naval manœuvres of 1912, 392

Naval policy, in peace conditions, ix.

Naval situation in May, 1916, 300 _et seq._

Navigation lights, extinction of, 121, 136

Navy Acts, German, 35

Navy League, the, formation of, 12

Navy, the, a lesson for the future, 33
composition of, at opening of Great War, 7 _et seq._
disposition of, in early days of Great War, 19 _et seq._
grief of, at Kitchener’s fate, 424
partition of, 36
use and purpose of, 12

Naylor, Lieutenant Charles G., 465

_Negro_, 441

_Nemesis_, 9, 206, 217

_Neptune_, 7, 168, 207, 211, 318, 360, 462
in collision, 286

_Nerissa_, 324, 325, 466, 470, 471

_Nessus_, 266, 465

_Nestor_, 323, 324, 466, 470, 471

Newfoundland Royal Naval Reserve, 75

_New Zealand_, 8, 24, 101, 105, 126, 152, 169, 191, 203, 285, 290,
319, 339, 418, 466, 493, 494
and Jutland battle, 480
and North Sea action, 495

_Nicator_, 324, 325, 466, 470, 471

Nicholson, Captain William C. M., 463

Nicholson, Captain Wilmot S., 493

Nicholson, Lieut.-Commander R. L., 2, 491
organises wireless school, 188
signalling system of, 58
tribute to, 59, 491

Nicholson, Rear-Admiral Stuart, 10

_Noble_, 465

_Nomad_, 323, 324, 466, 470

_Nonsuch_, 356, 387, 465

North American Squadron joined by _Princess Royal_, 161

North east coast, Zeppelins on, 290

North Rona Island, a reported enemy base on, 107

North Sea, area of, 14
controlling the, 249 _et seq._
cruiser patrol areas in, 20
drifting German mines in, 199
Fleet in, 15
northern and central areas of, 102, 103
proclaimed a dangerous area, 157
reported mooring of oil drums in, 208
submarine and mine menace in, 17, 96, 116 _et seq._, 209 _et passim_
sweeps, 15, 88–9, 99, 116 _et seq._, 127, 158, 163, 171, 175, 194,
201 _et seq._, 211, 217, 219, 221, 223, 241, 246, 249 _et
seq._, 264, 267 _et seq._, 435, 445 _et seq._, 462 _et seq._
the Northern Barrage mine-field, 249

North Sea battle, 187 _et seq._
Admiral Beatty’s despatch on, 493
(_cf._ Dogger Bank)

Norway, German Fleet’s peace-time visits to, 91

Norwegian coast, British patrol of, 193
British submarines’ operations against enemy on, 258
reported German bases on, 91, 95, 107
steamers sunk, 449
sweeping, 277, 429, 432

_Nottingham_, 8, 88, 134, 203, 223, 224, 319, 435, 466, 470, 493
torpedoed and sunk, 437

Nugent, Captain R. A., 254

_Nymphe_, 9
in collision, 206
rams a submarine, 142

_Oak_, 7, 90, 113, 233, 355, 419, 465
King George V. on, 426

_Obdurate_, 325, 466, 470, 485

_Obedient_, 361, 465

O’Beirne, Mr., 421

Observation mine-fields, 228

_Oceanic_, 110
loss of, 73, 127

_Older_, German crew on, 458

Oliver, Rear-Admiral Henry F., 186

_Olympic_, 149, 151

_Onslaught_, 362, 436, 464, 484

_Onslow_, 340, 387, 472
heroism of captain and crew of, 340, 473, 474

Onslow, Lieut.-Commander A. G., 465

_Opal_, 465

_Ophelia_, 330, 332, 364

_Oracle_, 336

_Orcoma_, 253, 256

_Orion_, 8, 93, 103, 105, 119, 121, 152, 191, 318, 357, 463

Orkneys and Shetlands, defences of, 81, 82, 122
submarine activity in, 166
wireless stations in, 110

_Oropesa_ in collision, 244

_Orotava_, 206

_Orvieto_, 217

_Oscar II._, loss of, 233

_Ossory_, 464

_Otway_, 458

_Owl_, 9, 464

Pakenham, Rear-Admiral, W. C., 8, 203, 319, 466, 489
succeeds Sir Gordon Moore, 210

Palmer, Lieut.-Commander, 340, 467, 474

_Paragon_, 9

Parker, Captain Edmond Hyde, 463

Parker, Captain Henry Wise, 463

Parsons, Lieutenant G., 245

_Pasley_, 441

Patey, Vice-Admiral, proceeds to West Indies, 210

_Patia_, 245, 271

_Patrol_ engaged by battle cruisers, 177

_Patuca_, 233

Peace manœuvres, unreality of, 37

Pears, Rear-Admiral Edmund R., 80, 97, 127

Peking Legations, relief Expedition for, 63

_Pelican_, 324, 441, 466, 470

Pelly, Captain Henry B., 465, 493

_Penn_, 436

_Penshurst_, 262

Pentland Firth, approaches patrolled, 110, 252
gunnery practice in, 65, 281

Persius, Captain, an admission by, 409

_Petard_, 324, 325, 378, 470, 471, 484

Peterhead, good work of patrol at, 225
patrol sinks a submarine, 293
trawlers sunk by enemy, 430

_Phaeton_, 217, 320, 442, 466
attacks a Zeppelin, 290

Phillpotts, Captain Edward M., 350, 466, 478

Phipps, Lieutenant W. D., 7

Piercy, Lieut.-Commander, 207

Pitt, Captain Stanley Dean, 82

_Plover_, 147

Plowden, Commander Richard A. A., 464

Plunkett, Flag-Commander the Hon. Reginald A. R., 489

Pohl, Admiral von, 63, 200

Poignand, Lieut.-Commander C. A., 465

Pollard, Fleet-Paymaster C. F., 7

_Pommern_, loss of, 314, 376, 379

_Porpoise_, 9, 259, 464
rams a submarine, 442

Portrush, German wreckage ashore at, 191

Pound, Captain A. D. P. R., 462

Pratt, Captain Thomas D., 466

Preston, Commander L. G., 9, 242, 251

_Prince Charles_, 262, 263
sinks a U-boat, 263

_Prince of Wales_, 10

_Princess Louise_, 232
attacked by submarine, 232

_Princess Margaret_, 255, 289

_Princess Royal_, 8, 135, 186, 190, 195, 198, 418, 473
convoys Canadian troops, 134, 136, 137
in Dogger Bank battle, 203, 493, 494, 495, 496
in Jutland battle, 320, 322, 466, 480
joins North American Squadron, 161, 168

_Prinz Friedrich Wilhelm_, 134

Prisoners of war, German courtesy to, 240

Prowse, Captain Cecil I., 465
death of, 487

_Prudentia_, loss of, 267

Purefoy, Rear-Admiral Richard P. F., 96

“P. Z. Exercises,” 391

“Q” ships (_see_ Decoy ships)

_Queen_, 10

_Queen Elizabeth_, 219, 442

_Queen Mary_, 8, 24, 194, 198, 203, 310, 465 loss of, 306, 325, 471

Ramage, Commander G. N., 434

_Ramexo_, 437, 443

Ramsey, Commander Charles G., 466

_Ramsey_ sunk by disguised mine-layer, 239

Range of gun and torpedo, 38

Range-finders, improved, 418

Range-finding experiments, 68

_Rattler_, 185

Rawlings, Lieut.-Commander H. C., 464

_Redpole_, 9, 184

Reeves, Captain Edward, 466

_Rena_, 273

_Renown_, her deck protection improved, 448

_Repulse_, her deck protection improved, 448
joins the Fleet, 447

Retiring tactics, advantages of, 401

_Revenge_, 318, 354, 357, 360, 363, 381, 462, 486

Ridley, Lieut.-Commander John J. C., 465

_Rifleman_, 9, 107, 218

Rivett-Carne, Lieut. J. W., 68

Robertson, Mr., 421

Robinson, Lieut.-Commander Charles G., 385, 467

_Rohilla_, wreck of, 153

Roper, Captain (D.) Charles D., 466

Rosehearty, a submarine attack on a merchant-ship at, 237

_Rosemary_ torpedoed, 430

Ross, Captain George P., 355, 462, 481

_Rostock_, 379, 409

Rosyth, a conference at, 78
base at, 28
conditions for leaving and returning to base at, 299
development of base at, 79
German prisoners landed at, 113
interview with Mr. Balfour at, 459
submarine obstructions for, 77
the coal difficulty at, 84
3rd Battle Squadron at, 24, 156

_Roxburgh_, 8, 88, 199, 223, 277, 282, 420, 425
hit by torpedo, 224

_Royal Arthur_, 11, 205

Royal Naval Service, anti-aircraft work of, 72

_Royal Oak_, 318, 358, 463

_Royal Sovereign_, 442

_Royalist_, 217, 435, 464

Royds, Captain Percy M. R., 464, 476

_Ruby_, 9, 184

_Russell_, 10, 93, 237

Russell, Lieut.-Commander Spencer F., 465

Russian steamer sunk, 449

Russians relay their mine-fields, 284
visit Grand Fleet, 275

Russo-Japanese War, advances in technique in, viii

Rutland, Flight-Lieutenant F. S., 321, 469

_St. Clair_, 110

St. John, Captain F. G., 493

_St. Vincent_, 7, 318, 357, 362, 463

Salmond, Lieut.-Commander J. S., 7

Sams, Lieut.-Commander Cecil H. H., 466

_Sapphire_, 105

_Sappho_, 7, 107, 122, 136, 137, 171, 181, 193, 217, 218, 251, 258

_Sarah Alice_ torpedoed, 446

Savill, Captain, 422, 463

Scapa Flow, a floating dock placed at, 80
a wireless school established at, 59, 188
adopted as main Fleet Base, 15, 26
arrival of _Campania_ at, 71
arrival of air- and sea-planes at, 100
blocking the channels, 77, 167
defenceless nature of base at, 92, 114, 143
entrances to, 26, 28, 159, 298
gunnery and torpedo practice at, 65, 70, 160
recreation and occupation at, 85–7
reinforcing gun defences of, 82
situation of, 27
submarine menace, 139
submarine obstruction pierced, 181
submarine obstructions at, 144, 170

Scarborough, bombardment of, 176

Schwab, Mr., interviews Sir J. Jellicoe, 151

Schwann, Captain O., 283

Scott, Captain Albert C., 466

Scott, Sir Percy, and Director-firing system, 66, 67

Scottish coast, _Moewe_ lays minefield on, 265
submarines on, 153

_Seagull_, 9

Sea-plane carriers, orders to, 54
sheds wrecked by gale, 160

Seaplanes as scouts, 469
difficulties of, 71, 221, 222, 282–3, 290
first reconnaissance work with Fleet, 321
replaced by aeroplanes, 222, 283

_Sea Ranger_, 443

Searchlights, 162
excellence of German, 379
signalling by, 57

Second Fleet, 10

Selborne, Earl of, 34

Seven Years’ War, 39

_Seydlitz_, 197, 310, 409

Seymour, Admiral Sir Edward, 1, 63

Seymour, Lieut.-Commander Ralph W., 489

_Shamrock_, 241

Shan-hai-Kwan forts, capture of, 63

_Shannon_, 8, 88, 168, 318, 368, 419, 463

Share, Fleet Paymaster Hamnet H., 2, 491

_Shark_, 9, 176, 330, 368, 419, 463
heroism of captain and crew, 333
loss of, 332, 476
survivors awarded D. S. M., 334

_Sheldrake_, 9

Shetland Patrol Force, 9

Signalling by searchlight, 57

_Skipjack_, 9, 166

Smith, C. H., awarded D. S. M., 334

Smoke screens, 69, 325, 357, 359, 362, 363, 366, 408, 479

_Soudan_, 148

South Atlantic, von Spee’s Squadron in, 24, 157, 161, 204

_Southampton_, 8, 88, 95, 178, 182, 203, 290, 319, 320, 326, 442,
466, 493, 494
and Jutland battle, 362, 375, 471, 472, 485

South-east coast, raids on, 287

Sowerby, Captain Charles F., 466
death of, 487

_Sparrowhawk_, 9, 205, 464
rammed, 375
sinking of, 383, 485

“Special Service Squadron,” the, 171

Spee, Admiral von, 24, 157, 161, 204, 205

_Speedwell_, 9

_Speedy_, loss of, 120

Spickernell, Frank T., 489

_Spitfire_, 9, 176, 375, 464, 483

Spithead, Naval Review at, 3

Spitzbergen, reported German submarine base and wireless station at,
233

Stadlandet, patrols off, 276, 292

_Stag_, 135

Stanistreet, Lieutenant Henry D. C., 467

Stanley, Captain the Hon. Victor A., 463

Star shells, 378, 379

_Staunch_, 9, 233

Stavanger, Zeppelin destroyed at, 290

Stileman, Rear-Admiral H. H., 73

Stirling, Captain A. J. B., 377, 378, 465, 483

Stoddart, Rear-Admiral A. P., 10

Stuart, Lieut.-Commander Dudley, 467

Sturdee, Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton, 207, 318, 410, 463, 477, 488
destroys von Spee’s squadron, 204
in Jutland battle, 482
kite balloon experiments of, 71
succeeds Sir D. Gamble, 205
tribute to, 488

Submarine activity in White Sea, 449
attack under difficulties, 457
C 27 sinks a German U-boat, 232
flotilla, organised as a unit of Grand Fleet, 294
flotillas, Instructions to, 54
menace, 76, 115, 434, 445, 453 _et passim_
obstructions (system of), 28, 77, 159, 170, 220, 225
patrols, 225, 426
peril to merchant shipping, 445 _et seq._
screens, question of, 45
sinks German steamship, 426
surrender of a German, 166

Submarine Flotilla (10th), formation of, 447

Submarines, attached to Grand Fleet, 54, 425
comparative strength of British and German, 11, 17
defences against, at Scapa Flow, 27
German, 17
in collision, 289 (_note_)
reason for suppressing news of engagements with, 387
sunk by Navy, 93, 165, 166, 207, 214, 225, 226, 246, 263

Sule Skerry, a suspicious steamer at, 152

Sulis-Ker Rock, target practice at, 182

Sulivan, Commander Harold E., 464

Sulivan, Commander Norton A., 465

Sumner, Lieut.-Commander Charles G. C., 150, 465

_Superb_, 7, 192, 199, 244, 318, 463

Swan, T. W., awarded D. S. M., 334

Swarbachs Minn, as coaling base, 73, 162, 220
defences of, 232
evacuation of, 162

_Swift_, 9, 141, 142

Symonds, Captain Loder, rams enemy destroyer, 280

Taku forts, capture of, 63

_Talisman_, 267, 294, 445

_Taranaki_, 232

Tarbet Ness, a submarine reported at, 291

Tay, River, submarines off entrance to, 187

Taylor, Engineer Captain, killed in action, 197

Telephonic communications, establishment of, 214

_Temeraire_, 8, 318, 463

_Termagant_, 324, 325, 467, 470, 471

Terry, Lieut.-Commander F. G., 375, 464

_Teutonic_, 131, 137
intercepts a Norwegian-American liner, 255

_Theseus_, 11, 21, 135, 141, 277

Thesiger, Captain Bertram S., 466

_Thetis_, 11, 120

Third Fleet, 11

Thomson, Lieut.-Commander E. C. O., 466

_Thornhill_, 148, 149

_Thunderer_, 8, 172, 175, 318, 352, 354, 463

_Tiger_, 24, 174, 199, 203, 204, 308, 420, 467
in Dogger Bank battle, 196, 493, 494, 495
in Jutland action, 322, 325, 472
joins 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, 158

_Tipperary_, 376, 463, 485
loss of, 483

Tippet, Lieut.-Commander Arthur G., 466

Tirpitz, Grand-Admiral von, 63

_Titania_, 294

Tolstoy, Count Alexis, 275

Tondern, Zeppelin sheds at, 278, 289

Torpedo attacks:
caution required in, 399
practices at Scapa Flow, 70
range of, 38
warfare:
element of chance in, 393, 395
importance attached by Germany to, 393
measures for combating, 359, 399
work of German Navy, 62

Torpedoes, influence of, on tactics, 51
reports on, at battle of Jutland, 360

Tothill, Captain Hugh H. D., 463

Tottenham, Rear-Admiral, succeeds Rear-Admiral Waymouth, 213

Tovey, Lieut.-Commander J. C., 340, 467, 475
heroism of and tribute to, 340, 374–5

Townsend, Captain Cyril S., 464

Trafalgar, Battle of, 302

Trawlers, German, engaged and destroyed, 278
support marine obstructions at Scapa Flow, 82
suspicious, 106, 124, 224

Trelawny, Lieut.-Commander C. W. E., 375, 465, 483

Trewin, Assistant-Paymaster G. S., 321, 469

_Trident_, 294

Trondhjem, _Brandenburg_ at, 132

_Turbulent_, 325, 326, 379, 467, 470, 471, 484
rammed and sunk, 378–80

Turkish battleships, purchase of, 108, 129

Tynemouth, minefields off, 110

Tyrwhitt, Commodore R. Y., 10, 191, 198, 229, 239, 249, 251, 259,
271, 278, 279, 286, 385, 386, 436, 440, 442, 493
a successful haul of German trawlers, 249
chases a destroyer, 111
orders sinking of _Medusa_, 278

U-boat losses, 93, 164, 165, 207, 214, 225, 226, 246, 262

_Undaunted_, 157, 279, 280, 493

Underhill, Captain Edwin V., 463

United Services Club, dinner party at, 2

United States enters the War, 303

_Unity_, 9, 176, 464

Usborne, Commander Cecil V., 60, 61

Usedom, Admiral von, 63

Utvoer Lighthouse, 133, 270

_Vala_, 262

_Valiant_, 275, 328, 362, 466
in collision, 434

_Vanguard_, 7, 115, 318, 463

_Venerable_, 10

_Vengeance_, 10

_Victor_, 9

Victoria Cross awards, 325, 332

_Victorious_, 83, 417

_Viknor_, 192
loss of, 193

_Vindex_, 71, 289

Visual signalling, 57

_Von der Tann_, 310

Wales, Prince of, visits Scapa, 243

Walney Island, submarine attack on, 198

Ward, Lieut.-Commander the Hon. C. A., 465

Wardle, Captain T. E., 272

Warrender, Vice-Admiral Sir George, in command of 2nd Battle
Squadron, 7, 41, 91, 94, 148, 177, 178, 179
terminates his command, 261

_Warrior_, 171, 290, 318, 334, 335, 336, 463
abandoned and sunk, 306, 386, 387, 485
in Jutland battle, 385, 477

_Warspite_, 213, 256, 336, 466
in collision, 258, 434
in Jutland battle, 328, 349, 350, 478

Waymouth, Rear-Admiral Arthur W., 198
breakdown in health, 213

Weekes, Fleet-Paymaster V. H. T., 7 (_note_), 491

Welsh coal-fields, strike in, 229, 235

White Sea, enemy submarines in, 448, 449
protecting the trade route, 256, 257

Whitfield, Lieut.-Commander Paul, 466

_Wiesbaden_ badly crippled, 335, 340

William II., Emperor, criticises British dock accommodation, 315

Wilson, Commander W. W., 169

Wintour, Captain Charles J., 9, 376, 464
death of, 380, 483, 487
unpleasant experience of, 142

Wireless school at Scapa, 59, 188

Wireless signalling, and why restricted, 56, 57

Wireless telegraphy, 38, 56 _et seq._, 110
improved system of, 58, 59, 188

Withers, Captain Percy, 464

_Wolf_ intercepted and sunk, 276

Woods, Commander A. E., 188

Woods, Commander Alexander R. W., 7, 490

Woollcombe, Captain Louis C. S., 463

Woollcombe, Captain Maurice, 466

Wynter, Lieut.-Commander Gerald C., 464

_Yarmouth_, 185, 203, 320, 430, 466
in Jutland battle, 338, 476

Yegoroff, M., 275

_Yorck_, sinking of, 157

York, Archbishop of, visits the Fleet, 228

Yorkshire coast mined by enemy, 180

Young, Captain G. B., 272

Young, Captain, of Liverpool Salvage Association, 187

_Zaza_, 231

_Zealandia_, 8, 254, 255

Zeebrugge, blocking of, discussed and considered impracticable, 154

Zeppelin activity, 436, 437, 442, 443
bombs rescuers, 496
engaged by Fleet in Jutland battle, 486
shed, Tondern, attack on, 278, 289

Zeppelins as scouts, 32, 451
destruction of, 169, 290
raids by, 282

Zigzagging, procedure of, 46

_Diagram I._

PLAN OF
JUTLAND BATTLE
BEFORE AND AFTER DEPLOYMENT

The position of our Battle Cruisers at 6.0. P.M. is fixed by a report from the Marlborough and confirmed at 6.4. P.M. by a report from the Rear-Admiral 1st Battle Squadron in the Colossus.

The position of the 5th Battle Squadron is fixed by a report from the Marlborough at 6.5. P.M. taken in conjunction with the reports of the Rear-Admiral 5th Battle Squadron.

The courses of our Battle Cruisers are taken from the report of the Vice-Admiral Battle Cruiser Fleet and from the Lion and Indomitable.

The position of the Enemy Battle Cruisers at 6.7. P.M. is fixed by a report from the Lion received at 6.6. P.M.; this gave the bearing; the distance is obtained by a consideration of the ranges at which the Lion was firing.

The position of the Enemy Battle Fleet is fixed at 6.14. P.M. from the Lion and at 6.15. P.M. from the Barham; the latter being signalled by wireless, an interval of four minutes being allowed between transmission and receipt.

Subsequent movements of the Enemy Battle Cruisers are fixed by the bearings on which our Battle Cruisers were firing and the ranges given, and by a consideration of the German reports which show a 32 point turn between 6.6. and 6.15. P.M.

Subsequent movements of the Enemy Battle Fleet are fixed by bearings and ranges given by the Marlborough at 6.17. P.M., Iron Duke at 6.31. P.M. and Monarch at 6.33. P.M.

The movements of the Defence, Warrior and Warspite are fixed by reports and diagrams from the Warrior, Duke of Edinburgh and the Rear-Admiral 5th Battle Squadron.

_Note._--In studying this diagram it should be borne in mind that
only a few of the German ships were visible at a time due to the
smoke and mist.]

_Diagram II._

DIAGRAM TO ILLUSTRATE THE SITUATION THAT MIGHT
HAVE ARISEN HAD THE BATTLE FLEET DEPLOYED ON
THE STARBOARD WING COLUMN.

It should be borne in mind that no information as to the position of the Enemy Battle Fleet was received until 6.14. P.M., and that the only reports received had been one at 6.6. P.M., giving a bearing of the Enemy Battle Cruisers from the “Lion”, and a report at 5.50. P.M. from the “Southampton” to the effect that the Enemy Battle Fleet bore north-east from his Battle Cruisers (and were therefore presumably ahead of them and right ahead of our Battle Fleet.)

There had therefore been no sufficient information on which to re-dispose the guides of columns; deployment on the starboard wing column to meet an enemy before the starboard beam would necessarily be an awkward manoeuvre as it would involve a considerable alteration of the starboard wing column to port and a very large alteration of course of the remaining columns when coming into line astern of it.

A torpedo attack during deployment would under these conditions throw the British Battle Fleet into great confusion and a concentration of gunfire on the turning point would be very effective; our own gunfire, owing to the large alterations of course and the consequent difficulty of obtaining correct fire control data would be correspondingly ineffective: our own destroyers had been spread ahead of the Battle Fleet as a submarine screen until 6.8 P.M. and were moving across the front in an unformed condition to the two flanks.

The movements that would probably have resulted and the number of ships on each side in action are shown in the diagram for each 3-minute interval from 6.16 to 6.28 P.M.

The three ships of the 5th. Battle Squadron would eventually have come into line ahead of the 6th. division, but would possibly have masked the fire of that division during the movement.]

_Diagram III._

DIAGRAM SHOWING
ORDER OF THE BATTLEFLEET

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

31^{st.} MAY 1916

_“Minotaur’s” track chart records that at 8 p.m. “King George V”
bore N 10 E (true) from her, distant about 5 miles.

It also records that “Lion” bore W by S (true) from her, distant
about 5 miles.

If these records are reliable “Lion’s” 8 p.m. position would be
at X, and her track between 7.20 and 8 p.m., presumably as shewn
thus:----

“Minotaur’s” records however, do not profess to give exact
distances._]

_Diagram IV._

TRACK OF SQUADRONS
DURING NIGHT OF
May 31st. to June 1st. and
Forenoon of June 1st. 1916.

BATTLE FLEET.

During night, Battle Fleet in 3 columns, 1 mile apart, disposed
abeam.

From 2.45 A. M. to 3.30 A. M., in single line.

From 3.30 A. M. onward, in 6 columns, 1 mile apart, disposed
abeam.

POSITIONS OF CRUISERS ETC.

Dublin at 4.30 A. M. in Lat. 55° 30′ N., Long. 6° 36′ E.
Commodore of Flotillas at 5.0 A. M. in Lat. 55° 48′ N., Long.
6° 22′ E.

Vice Admiral 1st Battle Squadron with 6th Division at 6.40
A. M. in Lat. 55° 55′ N., Long. 5° 15′ E. steering S. SE. 19
knots.

3 Submarines off Vyl Light Ship on bearing 270°, 4 miles, 12
miles and 20 miles respectively from Lightship.]

Transcriber’s Notes

Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in the original book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected; unbalanced quotation marks were remedied when the change was obvious, and otherwise left unbalanced.

Illustrations in this eBook have been positioned between paragraphs and outside quotations. In versions of this eBook that support hyperlinks, the page references in the List of Illustrations lead to the corresponding illustrations.

Footnotes, originally at the bottoms of the pages that referenced them, have been collected, sequentially renumbered, and placed at the end of the book.

The index was not checked for proper alphabetization or correct page references.

Original text uses two forms of the following words; both retained here:

“moral” and “morale”

“underwater” and “under-water”

“minefield” and “mine-field”

“seaplanes” and “sea-planes”

Redundant book title on page 1 has been removed by Transcriber.

Page 316: The times in the illustration's heading use a mix of Roman and Arabic numerals.

Page 360: The time shown as “7.8” was printed that way. It may mean “8 minutes after 7”. Similar times appear on other pages.