Chapter XIV: Funeral Ceremonies (2)

The ceremonies designed to perpetuate the memory of brave men can scarcely perhaps be regarded as envious, but the glory which was like the Shekina on their land, appeared to purify and ennoble their descendants by inflaming them with the love of country and liberty. Grecian manners abounded with rites of this kind, but none seem more worthy of commemoration than those observed annually by the Platæans, in honour of the warriors who fell around their city. It is well-known that the Greeks regarded the spirits of good men of former ages as guardian genii, to whom belonged religious veneration amounting perhaps to worship. Their gods, in truth, were in many cases colonists from earth, which can surprise no one who observes, that among them the principle of life was deified, and this, derived from gods to mortals, resided for a time on earth, and then, by continuing to move on in the circle, returned to the heavens from which it sprang. They seem to have regarded the earth as a sort of nursery-ground in which the seeds of divinity were sown, to be afterwards transplanted and bloom elsewhere. But among the offspring of earth none appeared to them so nearly akin to deity as those in whom courage and energy shone preëminently, who loved passionately the soil from which they sprang, and who sought cheerfully in its breast a refuge from dishonour. Hence the apotheosis and adoration of the brave; hence the Platæan ceremonies, which, down even to Roman times, inspired the youth of Greece with admiration for their ancestors, and called to their mind those glorious days when their country teemed with freemen ready at any moment to shed their blood for the institutions and the land which those institutions alone rendered holy.[2730] These anniversary rites were celebrated on the sixteenth day of the month Maimacterion, the Alalcomenios of the Bœotians. The procession moved forth from the city in the grey of the morning, having at its head a trumpeter sounding the signal of battle. Numerous chariots followed, filled with myrtle-branches, and wreaths, and garlands, succeeded by a black bull. Vessels of wine, and jars of milk, and vases of oil and odoriferous essences were borne next by a number of free youths, no slave being permitted to take part in these solemnities performed in honour of men who had died for liberty. Last in the procession came the archon, habited in a scarlet robe and armed with a sword, though on all other occasions he was forbidden the touch of steel, and went clad in white. In his hand he bore a water-jar taken from the Hall of Archives. In this he drew water from a fountain, and having laved therewith the pillars which surmounted the tombs, he perfumed them with the essences: next slaying the bull at the altar, and addressing his prayers to Zeus and the Chthonian Hermes, he invoked to partake of the funeral repast and the streams of blood, the spirits of those valiant men who had fallen for their country. Then, filling a goblet with wine and pouring it forth in libations, he concluded with these words: “I drink to the warriors who died for the liberties of Greece.”[2731]

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Footnote 2730:

See the description of a tomb of honour in Plat. de Legg. xii. t.
viii. p. 292, where Suidas seems to suppose the arch to have been
built of precious stones, v. ψαλίδα t. ii. p. 1165. c.

Footnote 2731:

Plut. Aristid. § 21.

-----

INDEX

A.

Abdera, slaves of, iii. 32. Abortion, i. 125. Absolution, sold in ancient times, i. 357. Acacalis, from Egypt, iii. 387. Acacia-gum, from Egypt, iii. 387. Academy, gymnasium of the, i. 193. Acarnania, formerly called Curetis, i. 1, _n._ 17. exports of, iii. 340. Accoucheurs, i. 115. Achaia, exports of, iii. 333. Acharnæ, charcoal of, iii. 172. Achillean barley, ii. 2, _n._ 1711. Achilles, his filial piety, i. 31. his swiftness in the chase, i. 211. his cup, ii. 114. Achradina, sun-dial of, iii. 308. Acoluthos, or attendant on travellers, iii. 34. Aconite, iii. 211. of Italy, iii. 373. Acorns eaten in ancient times, ii. 125-127. exported from Epeiros, iii. 340. Acratisma, ii. 171. Acratopotes, honours paid to, ii. 169. Acropolis of Athens, i. 77. of Sparta, i. 93. Acting, seasons of, ii. 268. Actors, various classes of, ii. 236. bad character of, ii. 241. description of, ii. 232, sqq. salary of, ii. 240. costume of, ii. 260. Adarces, a cosmetic, iii. 136. from Cappadocia, iii. 345. Adonis, gardens of, ii. 322. Adriatic, barn-door fowls from, iii. 369. Adulteration of wine, iii. 115. Adultery unknown at Sparta, i. 394. Ægæan, extreme blueness of, i. 55. Ægaleus, a mountain in Attica, i. 66. Ægidæ, quarter of the, at Sparta, i. 95, 105. Ægina, description of, i. 67. dimensions of, i. 68. population of, i. 69. commerce of, iii. 253. Æginetan pottery, iii. 329. wares, iii. 256. Æginetans, engaged in foreign trade, iii. 257. Ægis, an ornament for the bosom, ii. 64. Ægosthena, wine of, iii. 331. Æolia, purple fish from, iii. 352. Æropos, a royal lampmaker, iii. 194, _n._ 1148. Æsakos, or branch of song, ii. 209. Æschylus, his style and characters, i. 329. Æsopic fables, i. 166. Æsopos, the actor, ii. 242. Æthiopia, exports of, iii. 381. Æthiopians, their mode of sepulture, iii. 435. Æthiopis, a plant, iii. 332. from Mount Ida, iii. 352. Ætolia, called Curetis, i. 5. exports of, iii. 340. Ætolians, called Curetes by Homer, i. 6. Affghanistân, topes or barrows of, iii. 431. Africa, productions of, iii. 381. Agaric from Sarmatia, iii. 345. Agates from Sicily, iii. 373. Agatharchos, a scene-painter, ii. 232. Agathocles, an amateur of cups, ii. 113. Age at which children walked, i. 136. Agelæ, i. 279. Agnodice, story of, i. 115. Agnus-castus, crowns of, ii. 2, _n._ 1250. Agora of Athens, description of, iii. 120. of Sparta, i. 96. situation of, i. 103. foreigners excluded from, iii. 99. Agoranomoi, iii. 127. Agrenon, a curious garment worn on the stage, ii. 262. Agriculture, science of, ii. 363. of Laconia, iii. 41. Agrigentum, bitumen from, iii. 376. Air, dryness of, in Greece, i. 44. Akinetinda, a game, i. 153. Alabandine, from Miletos, iii. 348. Alalcomenios, Bœotian for Maimacterion, iii. 440. Alastor, i. 363. Albani, their mode of sepulture, iii. 433. Alcestis, i. 333. Alcinoös, his orchard, ii. 133, 318. Alcisthenes, his rich mantle, iii. 219, _n._ 1314. Aleipterion, i. 196. Aleision, fair of, iii. 274. Alexander, his power of drinking, ii. 195. his patronage of actors, ii. 234, 235. his grief for the loss of Hephæstion, iii. 438. Alexandria, game-cocks of, iii. 388. Alexis, his picture of a poor family, iii. 95. Algidum, radishes from, iii. 374. Allowance to the poor, iii. 72. Almond-crackers, ii. 163. Almonds, ii. 163. from Syria, iii. 390. from Naxos, iii. 366. Aloes, from Andros, iii. 364. from Egypt, iii. 389. Aloes-wood, from Arabia, iii. 401. Alopecidæ, a breed of dogs, i. 214. Altar of Artemis, boys flogged at, i. 274. to the unknown gods, i. 75. Altars in the agora, iii. 120. Alum, from Phrygia, iii. 349. Alysson, from Africa, iii. 384. virtues of the, iii. 206. Amasis, privileges granted by him to the Greeks, iii. 258. Amazonium at Chalcis, iii. 429. Amber, from Liguria, iii. 373. goblets, ii. 111. Ambracian Gulf, i. 56. Amiæ, from the Black Sea, iii. 312. Amianthos, asbestos quarries near, iii. 362. Aminian vine, ii. 342. Ammoniac, from Africa, iii. 383. Amomites, a kind of frankincense, iii. 399. Amomon, from Pontos, iii. 344. from Persia, iii. 408. Amorgos, linen of, ii. 54, iii. 337. flax of, iii. 216. Ampelitis, from Syria, iii. 394. from Rhodes, iii. 366. from Illyria, iii. 370. Amphiaraos, tomb of, i. 98, iii. 427. Amphidromia, i. 128. Ampyx, a fillet, ii, 59. Amulets, ii. 63. iii. 406. for vineyards, i. 1, _n._ 341, ii. 350. Amylæ, slippers of, iii. 337. Anaclinopale, i. 201. Anacreon and the nurse, an anecdote, i. 139. Anactoria, a name of Miletos, i. 15. Anadendrides, appearance of a vineyard of, ii. 347. trained on trees, ii. 346. Anadesma, a gilded fillet, ii. 61. Anazarbos, olive grounds of, ii. 2, _n._ 1338. Anchises, his meeting with Aphrodite, ii. 416. Anchovies from the Lipari islands, iii. 376. from Athens, iii. 329. Anchusa, root of, from Syria, iii. 393. Ancients, their theory concerning the Pelasgi, i. 3. Andalusia, productions of, iii. 379. Andania, Dii Kabyri worshipped at, i. 19. Androcrates, heroon of, iii. 427. Andros, aloes of, iii. 364. Androsaces, from Syria, iii. 393. Anemonies, ii. 2, _n._ 1304. Angling in Homeric times, ii. 132. Animal food, ii. 137. Animals, protected by the gods, i. 358. breed of, ii. 280. flesh of young, when not eaten, ii. 150. Anis, from the Grecian islands, iii. 364. Anklets, ii. 63. Ankula, a term in the game of Kottabos, ii. 213. Antandros, a Pelasgian city, i. 13. Antecœnium, or whet, ii. 156. Anthedon, wine of, iii. 338. Anthema, a dance, ii. 257. Anthesteria, festival of, iii. 419. Anthias, a sacred fish, iii. 234. fishery, iii. 242. Anthosmias, a wine, ii. 166, iii. 116. Anticyra, hellebore of, iii. 339. Antidotes, iii. 211. Antigenes, season of reed-cutting in his time, ii. 189. Antigone, i. 331. Antioch, cucumbers from, iii. 394. Antiope, children of, where exposed, i. 123. Aoidoi, i. 319. Aones, i. 11. Apageli, i. 278. Aparctias, iii. 322. Apetiotes, iii. 321. Aphamiotæ, Cretan serfs, iii. 63. Aphetæ, street of, i. 98, 104. Aphetæ, the, iii. 56. Aphrodision, iii. 308. a basin of the Peiræeus, i. 74. Aphrodite, character of her beauty, i. 309. her appearance to Anchises, ii. 416. Aphroselenon, from Arabia, iii. 395. Apia, a name of Peloponnesos, i. 17. Apiaries, fences of, ii. 295. Apodyterion, i. 196. in the baths, ii. 90. Apokinos, a dance, ii. 255. Apollo, altar of, at the theatre, ii. 226. Apollonia, asphaltos from, iii. 370. Aposeisis, a dance, ii. 255. Apothetæ, i. 121. Appetite, repressed at Sparta, i. 267. Apple trees, ii. 316. in Ithaca, ii. 133. Apples, ii. 159. grafting of, ii. 320. from Phocis, iii. 359. Apragmosune, a flower, i. 194. Apulia, capparis from, iii. 374. Aquitania, gold from, iii. 377. Arabia, productions of, iii. 399. Arcadia, overland traffic with, iii. 254. exports of, 332. description of, i. 57. home of the Pelasgi, i. 18. superstition in, i. 364. Arcadian hat, iii. 223. Arcadians older than the moon, i. 18. their love of music, i. 285. Arcadian serfs, iii. 66. Archæanassa, beloved by Plato, ii. 45. Archery, i. 201. Archestratos the gastronomer, ii. 201. Archias Phugadotheras, ii. 242. Archimedes, vast ship built by him, iii. 306. Architecture preceded painting and sculpture, i. 303. in the heroic ages, ii. 77. Archytas, manes of, iii. 422. Argeioi, iii. 55. Argestos, iii. 320, 322. Argive money, iii. 262. Argo, expedition of to Colchis, i. 3. Argol, iii. 199. from the Grecian islands, iii. 364. Argolis, description of, i. 58. Argonautic expedition commercial, iii. 247. Argos, pottery of, iii. 329. its manufacture of arms, iii. 104. exports of, iii. 333. women of, i. 396. Ariadne and Dionysos, a dance, ii. 137. Ariæan slaves, iii. 67, 67, _n._ 274. Arisaron from Egypt, iii. 386. Aristocratic feeling, iii. 102. Aristophanes, his genius and defects, i. 334. his attack upon Socrates, i. 337. his peculiar powers, i. 335. his immorality, i. 336. his poetry, i. 336. Aristotle, his opinion of the Spartan women, i. 384. Aristoxenos, his lettuces, ii. 327. Arithmetic, study of, i. 182. Armour, iii. 162. used in decorating houses, ii. 121. Armourers, trade of, iii. 157. Arms, manufactured at Argos, iii. 104. of primitive hunters, i. 207. exported from Athens, iii. 327. their export prohibited, iii. 291. Aromatic wines, iii. 128. Arrows of reeds, iii. 162. Arrow-heads, iii. 161, _n._ 916. Art, progress of, i. 396. philosophy of, i. 307. causes of its excellence in Greece, i. 297. spirit of, i. 291. periods of, i. 293. works of exported, iii. 330. of war when neglected, i. 112. Artemis Brauronia, worship of, i. 403. her epithets, i. 1, _n._ 742. character of her beauty, i. 310. Orthia, i. 103, 104. Artichoke, on the banks of the Indus, iii. 410. from Persia, iii. 406. Artists in Greece appreciated by the public, i. 302. judges of beauty, i. 298. highly esteemed, i. 301. Arts of the Pelasgi, i. 26. Artizans kept in farms, ii. 331. Aryballos, a kind of goblet, ii. 115. Ascoliasmos, a rustic game, i. 156. Ascoma, iii. 289. Ash-props for vines, ii. 346. Asia Minor, exports of, iii. 347. Askolia, a Dionysiac festival, i. 156. Aspalathos from Syria, iii. 393. from Illyria, iii. 370. Asparagus, ii. 328. from Lybia, iii. 384. Aspasia, her character and genius, ii. 46. Asphodel, groves of, iii. 421. Ass, the inventor of pruning, ii. 350. hoof of, how used, iii. 332. head, a rustic talisman, ii. 326. Asses, ii. 285. Arcadian and Argive, iii. 333. milk of, iii. 212. Asbestos from Cypros, iii. 362. Astragal, the sides of, how distinguished, i. 161. Astragalismos, a game, i. 160. Astronomy, study of, i. 182. its origin among shepherds, ii. 408. Astu, i. 76. Astypalæa, snails from, iii. 367. Asylum for slaves, iii. 22. Athena Polias, chapel of, i. 81. colossal statue of, i. 73. Chalciæcos, i. 96. character of her beauty, i. 310. Athenian Agora, iii. 120. bread, iii. 110. education, superior excellence of, i. 288. married pair, ii. 32. commerce, iii. 277. ladies, their condition, i. 401. Athenophanes, a buffoon, iii. 404. Athens, law of, in favour of industry, iii. 97. extent of its walls, i. 72. description of, i. 70. called Hellas, i. 2. Atlantic citron wood, iii. 308. Atmosphere of Laconia, i. 95. Atossa, her desire for Grecian slaves, iii. 5. Attagas, or francolin, ii. 152. Attendants in baths, ii. 89. Attic sheep, ii. 429. exports, iii. 329. Attica, peopled by the Pelasgi, i. 21. form assumed by slavery in, iii. 18. commerce of, iii. 276. population of, i. 68. description of, i. 61. Auction-mart in the Agora, iii. 123. Aulis, pottery of, iii. 102, 238, 329. Autocabdali, extemporaneous actors, ii. 239. Autochthoneïty of the Pelasgi, i. 3. Axe for wood-cutting, iii. 179. Axletrees, with what wood made, ii. 381.

B.

Babylon, dimensions of, i. 72. Babylonia, soil of, iii. 405. Babylonian slaves, iii. 64. Baby, origin of the word, i. 140. Babyx, bridge of, at Sparta, i. 105. Bachelors, disreputable at Sparta, ii. 6. excluded from the gymnasium, i. 387. Bactriana, emeralds from, iii. 406. Bactriasmos, a dance, ii. 255. Bætica, production of, iii. 379. Baggage of travellers borne by slaves, iii. 35. Baioulos, or nurse father, i. 136. Baker, trade of the, iii. 108. establishment of, 109. slaves did the work of, iii. 30. Baking, process of, iii. 109. Balaneia, i. 197. Balaneion, ii. 88. Balls, games with, i. 157. for children, i. 145. Balm of Gilead, iii. 391. Balsam gardens, iii. 391. Ban dogs, ii. 77. Barbers, their shops, iii. 139. their reputation, iii. 138. Barchæi, their mode of sepulture, iii. 433. Bards, sacred in Greece, i. 317. Barley bread, iii. 28, _n._ 128. duration of its seeds, ii. 387. Barn-door fowls, from the Adriatic, iii. 369. Barrow on the plains of Troy, i. 15. Bars and bolts, ii. 94. Barter, iii. 249. Basilinda, a game, i. 154. Basil-gentle, when watered, ii. 2, _n._ 1301. Basket-work round flasks, iii. 114. Bastard emerald, iii. 150. Bathing-room, ii. 88. Baths, ii. 89. Baths, frequented by the poor, ii. 89. architectural arrangements of, ii. 90. Battle-axes, iii. 161. of the Issos, i. 304. pieces, i. 308. Baukides, ii. 65. Baukismos, a dance, ii. 255. Bazar in the Peiræeus, i. 74. Bdellion, from Arabia Felix, iii. 400. Beans, food of cocks, ii. 2, _n._ 1114. from Philippi, iii. 342. Bear, hunting of, i. 224. where found, i. 225. his habits, &c., i. 226. an enemy of the bee, ii. 295. Beards, worn long at Sparta, ii. 71. perfumed before dinner, ii. 175. Beasts of burden, iii. 252. Beautiful, our ideas of the, i. 291. Beauty, the ideal of, i. 292. stages of, i. 43. decline of, i. 301. estimation in which it was held, i. 297. honours to, in men, i. 300. of the Spartans, i. 279. of Grecian women, i. 370. of the modern Greeks, i. 1, _n._ 1051. Beccaficoes, &c., pie made of, iii. 111. Bed-chambers, ii. 84. coverings, ii. 104, 105. Beds of Spartan youths, i. 271. of flowers, ii. 304. from Miletos, iii. 104. from Chios, iii. 104. Bedsteads, ii. 102, 106. wood employed in making, iii. 184. Bee, natural history of the, ii. 291. Beef, how rendered tender in boiling, iii. 122. Bees, wild, ii. 290. three kinds of, distinguished by Aristotle, ii. 296. attention to their comforts, ii. 293. their alleged aversion to smells, ii. 293, 2, _n._ 1207. how known by their owners, ii. 298. how robbed, ii. 298. Pontic race, white, ii. 297. Bee-keepers, ii. 291. Bees’-wax from Cypros, iii. 367. Beer, iii. 119. Beggars, costume of, iii. 90. song of, iii. 92. Belgium, pierre franche from, iii. 377. Bellows, ii. 124. of the smith, iii. 156. Belos, the glass coffin of, iii. 436. Βηλὸς, the name bestowed by the Dryopes on Mount Olympos, i. 13. Bembyx, or top, i. 147. Bena, jet from the neighbourhood of, iii. 342. Bendideion, i. 76. Benefit clubs, iii. 75. Betrothment, ii. 11. Bibasis, a kind of dance, i. 388. Bills pasted in the agora, iii. 126. Birds in the farm-yard, ii. 279. what kinds eaten, ii. 151. in orchards, ii. 316. manure of, ii. 383. their language, i. 367. Biscuits, iii. 109, _n._ 455. Bithynians, serfs of the Byzantines, ii. 66. Bitumen, smeared over vines, ii. 351. burnt in lamps, iii. 197. brought from the Dead Sea, iii. 394. Blackberries eaten, ii. 162. Black sheep, ii. 429. shepherds, ii. 2, _n._ 1818. slaves, iii. 333. Sea, exports from the, iii. 342. puddings, ii. 154. Blindman’s buff, i. 149. Blinds, ii. 82. Blocks of stone of vast dimensions, i. 81. Blood, circulation of, iii. 213. used instead of soap, iii. 139, _n._ 739. stones from Africa, iii. 381. Boar-spears, i. 207. Bœotia, chariots of, iii. 104. exports of, iii. 337. Bœotian commerce with Athens, iii. 124. Boiling meat, ii. 129. Bolsters, ii. 104. Bolting flour, iii. 106. Book-shelves, ii. 84. Boots, or half-boots, ii. 65. Boöneta, i. 96, iii. 250. Booths in the agora, iii. 121. Boreas, iii. 320. Borysthenes, salt fish from, iii. 343, _n._ 1973. Bosom, generally covered, ii. 67. Bosporos, crossed by the Pelasgi, i. 4. exports from the, iii. 342. abundance of fish in, iii. 236. Bottiæa, inhabited by the Pelasgi, i. 7. Bouagor, the, at Sparta, i. 271. Boughs, what trees raised from, ii. 325. Boundary olives, ii. 314. Bous, a didrachma, iii. 251. Bows, iii. 161. Bowstring, iii. 161. Laconian, iii. 336. Boxing, i. 202. not allowed in the gymnasia at Sparta, i. 276. but taught to virgins, according to Propertius, i. 386. Boys admitted into the gymnasia, i. 193. drank wine, ii. 136. why scourged when detected in theft at Sparta, i. 273. Bracelets, ii. 63. Brahmins, their mode of sepulture, iii. 433. Brains eaten, ii. 151. Bran, how removed from flour, iii. 106. Brass, used before iron, iii. 153. sword of, iii. 158. Brazen fly, a game, i. 150. Bread, ii. 128. materials employed in making, iii. 107. Bread-baskets of silver, ii. 129. ivory, ii. 22. Bread-making, process of, iii. 109. Breast-plates for horses, iii. 164. Breed of animals, ii. 280. dogs, i. 214. horses attended to by Spartan ladies, i. 389. Breeding-time, chase pursued during, i. 216. Brenthion, an unguent, iii. 134. Bridal costume, ii. 15. gifts, ii. 26. Bride-cake, ii. 20. Brick-kilns, inspector of, ii. 95. Bricks, iii. 176. manufacture of, ii. 95. Bright-smiths, assembly of, iii. 98. Broccoli, ii. 329, iii. 121, _n._ 566. Brokers had pots and kettles for hire, ii. 123. Bronteion, a machine for mimicking thunder on the stage, ii. 229. Bronze of Corinth, iii. 273. vessels from Cypros, iii. 367. salvers, ii. 21. Brood mares, studs of, ii. 280. Bryallicha, a Spartan dance, i. 389, ii. 255. Bryton, a kind of wine, iii. 118, _n._ 521. Buffoons, ii. 25. their character, ii. 182. Burials, iii. 417. Burning glasses, iii. 152, 175. Bustles, ii. 56. Butcher, trade of the, iii. 111. anecdote of one at Miletos, iii. 112. Butchers’ shops, iii. 112. Butler, ii. 237. Byzantium, monopoly at, iii. 287.

C.

Cabbage, its origin, ii. 306. an enemy to Dionysos, ii. 348. -seed from Rhodes, iii. 336. Cabbages, ii. 328. Cabinet-makers, woods used by, iii. 183. Cables of vast dimensions, iii. 316. Cactus for hedges, ii. 2, _n._ 1328. from Cilicia, iii. 351. pickled, from Sicily, iii. 373. Cadmia, from Cypros, iii. 360. Cæcias, iii. 320. Cakes, shapes of, iii. 111. Calabis, a Spartan dance, i. 388. Calabria, pitch of, iii. 373. Calamus from Syria, iii. 393. Calantii ate their parents, iii. 434. Calasiris, a Persian tunic, ii. 73. Callicrates, the Spartan, iii. 151. Callipedes, the actor, ii. 242. Calves, weaning of, ii. 286. Calydonian boar, i. 297. Camel, instrument of civilisation, iii. 246. Camp stool of Dædalos, i. 84. Camp stools, iii. 188. Cancamon, a gum from Arabia, iii. 396. Candelabra, ii. 120. Candelabrum of gold, i. 82. Candlestick of wood, ii. 121. Canes, Laconian clouded, iii. 334. Cannibals, ii. 127. in Peloponnesos, i. 11. Canopic muscles, iii. 388. Cantharos, a basin of the Peiræeus, i. 74. Caper bushes, ii. 330. Caphesias, the flute-player, i. 187. Capnodoche, ii. 92. Cappadocia, lapis specularis of, iii. 346. orpiment of, iii. 348. Cappadocian baker, iii. 109. Caprification, ii. 322. Caps, manufacture of, iii. 322. Caranos, his marriage feast, ii. 29. Caravans, course of, iii. 412, 413. Carbuncle, iii. 148. Carbuncles, iii. 334. from Marseilles, iii. 377. Arcadian, iii. 332. Carcanets of rose pastilles, iii. 137. Cardamums from Syria, iii. 393. Caria, exports of, iii. 353. Carian sepulchres, i. 14. serfs, iii. 66. mercenaries, i. 16. conquests, i. 16. Carians, Pelasgi, i. 4. a Lelegian tribe, i. 15. dwelt in rocky places, i. 1, _n._ 54. Carnelian ring, iii. 148. Carpathos, island of, i. 219. Carpenters’ tools, iii. 180. Carpets, manufacture of, ii. 109, iii. 218. of Sardis, ii. 104. from Persia, iii. 407. Carts, of what wood made, iii. 181. Carriage melody, ii. 18. Carriages, ladies rode in, ii. 2, _n._ 107. Carrying trade, iii. 296. Carthage, carbuncles from, iii. 383. its carpets and pillows, ii. 109. its commerce, iii. 384. Carthaginians, their trade with the interior, iii. 385. Caryatides, dance of, ii. 256. Caryatides, earrings, ii. 62. Carystos, amianthos of, iii. 356. Caspians, exposed their parents, iii. 434. Casques, iii. 163. Cassander, son of Antipater, a sportsman, i. 228. Cassia, from Arabia, iii. 401. Casting statues with pitch, iii. 120, _n._ 553. Castor oil, making of, ii. 355. Castorides, a breed of dogs, i. 213. Castes, did not exist at Athens, iii. 100. Catillus ornatus, a cake, iii. 111. Cats, exported from Bœotia, iii. 337. Cattle, how fattened, ii. 289. fed on fish, ii. 289. stalls, ii. 2, _n._ 1081. Caucons, Pelasgi, i. 4, 7. of Paphlagonia, i. 4, 12. a Trojan tribe, i. 14. in Elis, i. 20. Caunacè, costume of the Phallophoroi, ii. 240. Cavalry-parade in the Agora, iii. 127. Cecrops, not the institutor of marriage, ii. 2. Cedar-gum, the life of the dead, iii. 218. Celibacy, disreputable, ii. 5. Ceilings, ii. 82. Celtiberian steel, iii. 155. Celtic eranos, iii. 79. spikenard, iii. 371. Cement, iii. 176. statues of, iii. 177. Cemeteries, hallowed, iii. 426. Centaurs, Pelasgi, i. 5. in Thessaly, i. 10. Centaury, Peloponnesian, iii. 332, 333. gathering of, iii. 295. Ceos, old men poisoned in, iii. 437. Ceremonies of marriage, ii. 13. at Sparta, i. 393. Cerinthos, earth from, iii. 368. Chæremon, a picture from him, ii. 412. Chairs, ii. 101. Chair-makers, price of, iii. 24. Chairman of an Eranos, iii. 81. Chalcedon, white rock of, iii. 239. Chalcophonos, stone used in the masks, ii. 264. Chalk, medicinal, from Thessaly, iii. 339. Chalkismos, a game, i. 159. Chalybean steel, iii. 155, 346. Chalybes, excelled in the manufacture of steel, iii. 154. Chandeliers, ii. 121. Chaones, Pelasgi, i. 7. in Epeiros, i. 8. Chaonia, i. 54. Character of the Greeks, i. 29. energy and excellence of, i. 46. Characteristics of the various states, i. 40. Charcoal, ii. 124. preparation of, iii. 172. used in smelting furnaces, iii. 172. sellers of, in the Agora, iii. 124. Chares, his entertainment of the citizens, iii. 86. Charges in public baths, ii. 91. Chariots, where made, iii. 104. Charitable Eranæ, iii. 81. institutions, iii. 79. Charms, iii. 206. Charonian staircase in the theatre, ii. 231. Chase, setting out for the, ii. 215. of the wild boar, i. 221. Chastisement of slaves, iii. 20. Chastity, uncommon in Sparta, i. 390. Cheerfulness of the Greek character, i. 49. Cheese in Homeric times, ii. 132. quality of, ii. 287, 288. used in pastry, iii. 113. how preserved, ii. 288. Gythian and Tromileian, iii. 331. from Sicily, iii. 375. moulds for, ii. 2, _n._ 1184. Cheimera occupied by the Chaones, i. 8. Chelichelone, a game, i. 151. Chelidonian rocks, iii. 318. Chelonis, her story, i. 398, 400. Chelysma, or false keel, iii. 314. Chemise, ii. 54. Chenoboscion, ii. 274. Cherries, grafting of, ii. 320. Chervil, from Cilicia, iii. 351. Chestnuts, ii. 163. from the Black Sea, iii. 341. Chests, of what manufactured, iii. 185. Chian earth, iii. 363. beds, iii. 104. wine, iii. 116. Chians, possessed only barbarian slaves, iii. 12. slave-traders, iii. 7. servile wars of, iii. 12. Childbirth, i. 116. Childhood, its representative, i. 310. Child-sacrifice in Syria, i. 1, _n._ 372. Children, care of, commenced before their birth, i. 113. of fallen citizens supported by the state, iii. 69. of disabled soldiers supported by the state, iii. 69. where exposed at Delphi, i. 122. denied clean linen at Sparta, i. 171. Chimneys, ii. 92. Chiton, ii. 53. Chitonea, dance so called, ii. 259. Chlaina, a garment, ii. 69, 70. Chlamys, a garment, ii. 2, _n._ 70. Choaspes, water of, ii. 134. Chœnix-measurers, iii. 67, _n._ 273. Chœrinæ, a cake, iii. 111. Choke-weed, its growth how subdued, ii. 388. Chopping-blocks, ii. 124. Choreutæ, costume of, ii. 259. Choros, part of the Agora at Sparta, i. 96. Chorus, history of, ii. 250, seq. its origin, ii. 248. number of, ii. 249. Chrysocolla, from Thrace, iii. 342. Chrysonetæ, Cretan slaves, iii. 63. Chytra, ii. 122. exposure of infants in, i. 121. a form of salute, i. 152. Chytrinda, a game, i. 151. Cider, ii. 361, iii. 118. Cilicia, exports of, iii. 351. Cilician pirates, i. 16. Cimolian earth, iii. 358, 199. Cimolos, water coolers of, iii. 114. Cimon, his generosity to the Athenians, iii. 86. Cinnabar, manufacture of, iii. 349. Spanish, iii. 378. Attic, iii. 330. Cinnamon, from Arabia, iii. 401. Circulation of the blood, iii. 213. Cisterns, where placed, ii. 372. Cistus, two species of in gardens, ii. 331. Cithara, of what materials made, iii. 191. Citharistæ, i. 186. Citharœdi, i. 186. Citron tree, ii. 160. Citron, an antidote, ii. 161. Citrons, ii. 321. Civilisation, causes of, i. 208. Clans, iii. 101. Clarotæ, Cretan serfs, iii. 63. Classes of slaves, iii. 26. Clazomenè, wine of, iii. 116. Cleanthes, the parasite, ii. 200. Cleinias, the Pythagorean, i. 187. Clematis, ii. 313. Clepsydra, i. 85. Climate and soil, effect of, i. 43. force of in Greece, i. 45. its variations in Greece, i. 51. of Attica, i. 63. Clothing of shepherds, ii. 407. Clouds of Aristophanes, how represented on the stage, ii. 245. Clover, time of sowing, ii. 390. Clubs at Athens, iii. 76, 161. Cnidos, pottery of, iii. 163. Coal, use of, iii. 174. mines of Liguria, iii. 373. Cock-fighting, i. 190. Coffins, of what woods made, iii. 417. Colchis, cucumbers of, iii. 346. Collections, private, of works of art, i. 304. Colonies from Egypt and Phœnicia, fabulous, i. 28. Colophon, resin from, iii. 349. Colophonians, luxury of, ii. 74. Columbary, construction of, ii. 279. Columns, why fluted, ii. 83. Comedy, origin of, ii. 221. scenery requisite for, ii. 227. Commerce of remote antiquity, iii. 248. of Attica, iii. 276. of Doric states, iii. 245. Commercial court, iii. 281. Conchyliatæ vestes, iii. 226. Confinement, period of, i. 114. Conflagration of the world, a dance, ii. 258. Conger fish at table, ii. 179. Congers, Spanish, iii. 379. Conon feasts the people, iii. 86. Consanguinity, disregarded in primitive marriages, ii. 6. Consul, iii. 282. Conversation at entertainments, ii. 204. Convulsions in children, i. 133. Cook, Athenian, his character, ii. 197, 199. Cooking in the Homeric ages, ii. 129. Cooks, &c., lived in the Agora, iii. 125. Cooper, trade of, iii. 182. Copais, eels of, iii. 338. Copses of myrtle, &c., ii. 303. Copper bolts, iii. 307. dross, from Cypros, iii. 366. laminæ in walls of houses, ii. 80. used instead of iron, iii. 153. burnt, from Egypt, iii. 389. Coral, from Sicily, iii. 375. black, from the Sea of Marmora, iii. 345. Cordax, a kind of dance, i. 389. Corinna, influence of her beauty, i. 298. Corinth, manufactures of, iii. 273. pottery of, iii. 103. commerce of, iii. 272. exports of, iii. 333. Corinthian slaves, iii. 67, _n._ 273. Cork tree, account of, ii. 313. Corn, in what islands produced, iii. 356. ploughed into the field, ii. 384. trod out by oxen, ii. 394. grinding of, iii. 105. how eaten in early ages, iii. 104. amount of importation at Athens, iii. 293. from the Black Sea, iii. 342. -chandlers in the Agora, iii. 124. -flag in bread, iii. 107. -jars, iii. 194. -laws, iii. 293, 296. -market, iii. 128. -ships, iii. 257, 305. -trade, iii. 292. Corporal punishment of boys, i. 169. Corpses, care of, iii. 416. ominous of evil, i. 368. Corpulence, a crime at Sparta, i. 271. Corselets, iii. 163. Corsica, timber from, iii. 376. Corycian cave, saffron of the, iii. 350. Corythalistriæ, i. 142. Cos, fabrics of, iii. 214. wine of, ii. 167, iii. 116. exports of, iii. 366. silkworms of, iii. 217. Cosmetics, conversation concerning, ii. 33. use of, iii. 134. Cosmo, invented a liquid to harden steel, iii. 155. Costume of the Greeks, ii. 50. of Athenian youth, ii. 72. of a hunter, i. 212. of choreutæ, ii. 259. Cothon, bastard emerald from, iii. 383. Cothons, Laconian, iii. 335. Cothurni, use of on the stage, ii. 260. Cottabos, _see_ Kottabos. Cotton, Egyptian, iii. 388. manufacture in India, iii. 411. -tree, in Tylos, iii. 402. Counterpanes, ii. 106. Country houses, ii. 271. Courage of the stag, i. 221. Courts of houses, ii. 77. Coverlets of peacocks’ skins, ii. 103. Cows, ii. 286. Cradles, i. 117, 136. Cranaans, Pelasgi, i. 7. the Pelasgi of Attica so called, i. 22. Crane dance, so called, ii. 258, and 2, _n._ 1016 or Geranos, a machine used upon the stage, ii. 230. Cratesiclea, her death, i. 397. Credit, iii. 280. Creion, a cake, i. 393. Cremation, iii. 418. Crenides, mines of, iii. 340. Crestona, inhabited by Pelasgi, i. 7. Crests, iii. 163. Cretan marksmen, i. 227. serfs, their divisions, i. 63. their condition, iii. 65. education, i. 109. Cretans, their attempt to subjugate Attica, i. 22. Crete, a commercial station, iii. 258. dittany from, iii. 364. Cribanos, a cake, i. 393, iii. 109. Criers, iii. 126. Crimes committed in the wars of Greece, i. 48. Crocomagma from Syria, iii. 393. Crocotion, a robe, ii. 58. Crowns, use of, ii. 304. Crows, round the Acropolis, i. 1, _n._ 249. Cruelty of Spartans towards their slaves, iii. 45. Crypteia, institution of the, i. 275, iii. 49. Cucumbers, forcing of, 326. extraordinary ones, ii. 327. Cuirasses, iii. 163. Cumin, from Galatia, iii. 350. Cunei of the theatre, ii. 2, _n._ 872. Cup-bearers, ii. 191. slaves, iii. 30. engravers, ii. 115. Cupboard, description of the, ii. 111. Cups, number of, drunk, ii. 194. their various dimensions, ii. 192. Curds, ii. 288. Curetes in Eubœa, i. 5. worsted in a contest for the Lalantian plain, i. 5. fly across the Euripos, i. 5. the Ætolians called by this name in Homer, i. 1, _n._ 17. take refuge in Acarnania, i. 6. Curetis, ancient name of Ætolia, i. 5. Acarnania, i. 1, _n._ 17. Cushions, ii. 104, 2, _n._ 752. Cutlery, quality of, iii. 156. Cyclops, a Pelasgian caste, i. 18. Cydonian slaves, iii. 64. wine, iii. 116, and _n._ 13. Cynisca sent chariots to Olympia, i. 389. Cynosarges, gymnasium of, i. 195. children exposed there, i. 124. Cynosuræ, quarter of the, i. 94, 105. Cyphi, a perfume, iii. 134. Cypresses, legend connected with, ii. 305. Cypros, exports of, iii. 357. productions of, iii. 361. hairy sheep from, iii. 368. Cypselos, prize of beauty proposed by, i. 299. Cyrenaica, productions of, iii. 384. Cyrenè, silphion from, iii. 383. Cythera, commerce of, iii. 269. Cytherodices, iii. 270. Cytisus, food of sheep, ii. 2, _n._ 1856. of fowls, ii. 278. Cyzicos, a Pelasgian city, i. 1, _n._ 11, 13. melilot from, iii. 344.

D.

Daggers, varieties of, iii. 159. Dalmatia, wild turnips from, iii. 369. Damon, remark of his upon education, i. 187. Danaos, said to have taught the art of digging wells, ii. 372. Dances, practised by women, i. 1, _n._ 1144. mimetic, in the theatre, ii. 252. at entertainments, ii. 186. performed by the Choros, ii. 251. classification of, ii. 253. Dancing, study of, at Sparta, i. 287. its character at Sparta, i. 388. a portion of gymnastics, i. 203. Dancing-girls at entertainments, ii. 184. Dardanian slaves, iii. 45. Dates, ii. 165. Dates from Syria, iii. 390. from Arabia, iii. 396. Day-lily, in bread, iii. 107. Dead, duties to the, iii. 419. buried in private cemeteries, ii. 270. Dearness of fish, ii. 143. Death, Greek notion of, iii. 415. Declaration of love, i. 419. Decoy-dove, ii. 2, _n._ 1126 Decoys, in hunting, i. 230. Deicelistæ, Spartan actors, ii. 238. Deicelistic dance at Sparta, i. 389. Deigma in the Peiræeus, i. 75. Deimalea, a dance, ii. 255. Deipnocletor, his office, ii. 172. Deipnon, ii. 171. Deity delights in lofty mountains, i. 13. Delian games, i. 416. Delos, purification of, iii. 429. Delphian cutlery, iii. 157. Demetrius, his magnificent chlamys, iii. 219, _n._ 1314 Demi of Attica, i. 64. Democracy, its struggles with oligarchy, i. 47. confers undue influence on women, ii. 36. Demosthenes, his character as an orator, i. 346. Dentifrices, iii. 138. Depilatory preparations, iii. 141. Derbices, ate their parents, iii. 434. Deshabille, indecorous, what, ii. 38. Desposionautæ, iii. 56. Dessert, iii. 181. Devices on shields, iii. 166. Diamonds from Æthiopia, iii. 382. Dicæa, a celebrated mare, ii. 282. Didaskaloi, not respected, i. 179. Dielkustinda, a game, i. 155. Dill, exported from Egypt, iii. 387. Dining-rooms, ii. 87. Dinner, preparations for, ii. 174. Diodotos, oration of Lysias for the children of, i. 406. Diogenes, reduced to slavery, i. 171. his system of education, i. 172. Dionysiac theatre, ii. 221. artificers, ii. 233. Dionysios, a beggar, iii. 90. Diopos, an earring, ii. 62. Diphtheræ, clothing of shepherds, ii. 407. Diploïdion, a garment, ii. 57. Dipodia, a Spartan dance, i. 388. Disabilities of slaves, iii. 19. Disapprobation, mark of, at the theatre, ii. 224. Discipline of Spartan education, i. 267. Dishes, number of, ii. 181. eaten hot, ii. 180. Disreputable callings, iii. 99. Districts set apart for the chase, i. 217. Divans, iii. 83. method of reclining on, ii. 177. Divers, their arts, iii. 234. Divination, i. 367. Diving-bell, first notion of, iii. 235. Division of labour, iii. 99. Dmoës, origin of the name, iii. 4. Dodona, oracle of, i. 6. a place of this name in Thessaly, i. 1, _n._ 18 Dodonæan Zeus, fane and oracle of, i. 56. Does, suckling their fawns, i. 220. Dog-rose, gathering of, iii. 204. skin-cap worn by Helots, iii. 45. Dogs, i. 213. of what countries famous, i. 214. of Sparta, iii. 334. crossed with the tiger, i. 214. employed as guardians, ii. 77. in hunting, i. 209. used by shepherds, ii. 406. killed during the dog-days at Argos, iii. 211. Dolopians, Pelasgi, i. 8. Dolops, son of Hermes, i. 1, _n._ 32 Domestic medicine, iii. 206. Door-handles, ii. 95. keepers, ii. 77. pivots, iii. 181. Doors, materials of, ii. 94. Dorian women, their beauty, i. 382. Dorians, their intellectual cultivation, i. 280. Dove-cotes, construction of, ii. 279. Doves, shot with arrows, i. 210. from Cypros, iii. 368. from Sicily, iii. 375. Draco, his laws against vagabondage, iii. 96. Dragonwort eaten, iii. 108. Drains, ii. 93. Dramatic exhibitions, origin of, ii. 220. Drawing, for what purpose taught, i. 188. Dreams of evil omen, i. 368. faith in, ii. 2, _n._ 1780 frightful, how obtained, iii. 213. Dress, object of, ii. 68. Drimacos, story of, iii. 13. heroon of, iii. 427. Drinking, laws of, ii. 196. bouts among the Macedonians, ii. 194. horns, ii. 116, 118. Dromos of Sparta, i. 101. a part of the theatre, ii. 225. Drones, how expelled from hives, ii. 296. Dryopes, in Doris, i. 10. in Thessaly, i. 10. in Epeiros, i. 10. in Peloponnesos, i. 10. Ducks, wild, ii. 150. care of, ii. 277. Dutch, their laws concerning slavery, iii. 39, _n._ 164. Duty on corn, fixed, iii. 296. Dwellings of private people not mean, ii. 75. Dyeing, iii. 223. hair, iii. 141.

E.

Eagle, its war with the hare, i. 216. stones from Arabia, iii. 395. Early rising, ii. 79. Earrings, ii. 61. Earthenware, boats of, iii. 301. Earthquakes, foretold by birds, i. 2, _n._ 1670 Earths, painters’, iii. 199. Ebony, from Africa, iii. 381. Ecbatana, i. 72. Eccyclema, a machine upon the stage, ii. 227. Echeia of the theatre, ii. 264. Echinos, or sea-chestnut, anecdote concerning, ii. 147. Echo, disliked by bees, ii. 293. Eclactisma, a dance, ii. 255. Education, theory of, i. 107. at Athens, not national, i. 111. of the Greeks excellent, i. 166. of the world, i. 262. of girls, i. 403. of shepherds, iii. 402. of slaves, iii. 26, 30. of the Spartans, Cretans, Arcadians, &c., i. 265. at Sparta in the hands of the state, i. 266. objects of at Sparta, i. 288. Lycurgus’s idea of, i. 385. at Sparta, martial and severe, i. 270. of Spartan girls, i. 385, 389. Eel fisheries, iii. 233. Eels, ii. 148. Eggs, how eaten, ii. 156. Egypt, its exports, iii. 386. gold mines of, iii. 168. charcoal of, iii. 174. Egyptian vines, ii. 337. marble, iii. 390. fig-tree, ii. 2, _n._ 1390 Egyptians, their mode of sepulture, iii. 433. Eilapinè, or grand dinner, ii. 172. Eileithyia, i. 114. Eiresionè, iii. 92. Eiscyclema, a machine upon the stage, ii. 228. Elatea, wheat of, iii. 339. Elba, iron ore from, iii. 377. Electra, i. 334. Elementary instruction, i. 164. Elephant, a cup, ii. 117. Elephantinè, undeciduous vines of, ii. 337. Elis, the Holy Land of the Hellenes, i. 57. exports of, iii. 332. Eloquence, study of, i. 235. Elymœan hares, i. 219. Elysian fields, iii. 432. Emancipation of the Helots, iii. 39. Emathea, occupied by Pelasgi, i. 7. Embroidery, iii. 219. in Homeric times, i. 379. Emerald, engraved for rings, iii. 149. lions’ eyes made of, iii. 238. from Egypt, iii. 389. from Bactriana, iii. 406. Emetics, iii. 212. Employments of slaves, iii. 30. Emporiæ, lines of the, iii. 377. Empusa, &c., i. 140. fear of, conquered in children, i. 135. Empusæ ludus, i. 156. Enallos, story of, ii. 113. Encotyle, a game, i. 151. Endymion, beloved by Sleep, i. 424. Engraving gems, iii. 151. Enigmas, ii. 215. Entertainments, ii. 170. picture of, ii. 179. Entimos of Gortyna, his history, ii. 106. Epeiros, peopled by Pelasgi, i. 6. included in Greece, by Homer, i. 1, _n._ 177 exports of, iii. 340. Epeunactæ, iii. 61. Ephebeion, i. 196. Ephedrismos, a game, i. 150. Ephentinda, a game, i. 163. Ephesos, exports of, iii. 354. Epiblema, a garment, ii. 57. Epicnemidian Locrians, i. 11. Epidamnian commerce, iii. 275. Epigoneion, a musical instrument, iii. 192. Episitioi, iii. 87. Epitaph on a cat, i. 1, _n._ 621 Epithalamium, ii. 26. Epomis, a garment, ii. 57. Epostrakimos, a game, i. 153. Equine beauty, conception of, ii. 283. Eranistæ, members of Eranoi, iii. 76. Eranoi, iii. 75. money regulations of, iii. 83. Erectheion, description of, i. 80. Erectheus, chapel of, i. 80. sea of, i. 85. Eretrian earths, iii. 363. Erichthonios, i. 81. Erinæan jet, iii. 375. Erinnyes, their duties, i. 360, 361. Eructeres, iii. 55. Essedones, ate their parents, iii. 434. Etesian winds, iii. 322. Etrurian plate, iii. 104. Eubœa, adventures in, ii. 418. exports of, iii. 367. Eubœan walnut wood, iii. 180. Eumenides, representation of, i. 412. Eumolpos, settles at Eleusis, i. 22. Eunostos, the god of mills, iii. 107. Eunuchs, porters, iii. 32. trade in, iii. 17. from Sardis, iii. 354. Eunus, story of, iii. 13, _n._ 60 Euphorbia from Laconia, iii. 334. from Mount Atlas, iii. 384. Euripides, character of his intellect, i. 332. Euros, iii. 320. Eurotas, banks of the, i. 1, _n._ 284 Euryleonis, sent chariots to Olympia, i. 390. Eurypontidæ, tombs of, i. 98. Euthydemus, specimens of sophistical arguments from the, i. 255. Euxine, traces of the Pelasgi on its southern shore, i. 4. Evergreens, ii. 311. Exchange, or Deigma, iii. 298. Exercise necessary for children, i. 144. Exercises of youth, i. 189. Exhibitions of art, i. 303. of industry, iii. 98. of leeks, ii. 332. Exomis, a garment, ii. 57, 69. Exports and imports of Greece, iii. 326. Exports of Athens, iii. 278. Exposure of infants, iii. 121. Eyes, i. 43. what coloured preferred for, i. 1, _n._ 1053

F.

Fable of the lion, i. 165. Fables, i. 165, 166. Façade, ii. 80. Fair of Komana, iii. 347. Fairs, iii. 274. Falconry, i. 228. in Thrace, i. 229. Fallowing, ii. 385. Fallow-grounds, ii. 386. Families at Sparta, iii. 427. Family, internal regulation of the, ii. 29. Fans from Phocis, iii. 339. Farce, acted during the vintage, ii. 351. Farmer, his studies, ii. 362, sqq. Farm-house, interior of, ii. 279. Fastenings of doors, ii. 94. Fat tyrant, story of, i. 1, _n._ 872 Fatness, how avoided, ii. 56. Fawn hunting, i. 219, 220. Fawn-skin buskins, iii. 222. Feast of the Fifth Day, i. 128. Features, uniformity of, among the Scythians, i. 1, _n._ 149 Felloes of wheels, with what made, ii. 381. Felt, Laconian, iii. 336. Female education at Sparta, i. 385. beauty not easily represented, i. 312. slaves, their employments, iii. 33. Fermentation, the second, how checked, iii. 116. Ferocity of the Spartans, iii. 53. Ferret, used in rabbit-hunting, i. 218. Ferrymen, iii. 103, _n._ 419 Fertility of parts of Laconia, i. 60. Festivals, attended by women, i. 404. Fighting cocks, ii. 155. Fig-wine, iii. 118. Figs, ii. 158. various kinds of, ii. 323. Attic, iii. 327. how used in the nursery, i. 137. from Paros, iii. 356. tree, grafting of, ii. 319. planted outside vineyards, ii. 349. Filial piety, i. 30. Fine Arts, their influence on education, i. 289. Fingerlings for archers, iii. 165. Fire, how procured, ii. 123, iii. 175. Fish, list of, ii. 149. dearness of, ii. 143. their sleep, iii. 242. eaten in Homeric times, ii. 131. much eaten in later times, ii. 138. given to cattle, ii. 289. buying, ii. 139. market, ii. 139. laws of, ii. 142. Fisheries, iii. 232. Fisherman’s life, iii. 103. Fishing in Homeric times, ii. 132. with hooks, i. 210. at night, iii. 237. Fishmongers in the agora, iii. 125. disreputable trade, 99. Fish-pond on board ship, iii. 308. Flail, sometimes used, ii. 395. Flambeau-sellers in the agora, iii. 125. Flambeaux, iii. 197. Flap, used for a bellows, ii. 124. Flasks, made by prisoners, iii. 114. Flax, grown in Elis, iii. 215, 333. Flesh-food, ii. 129. Flies, what, ii. 173. Flocks of even numbers, ii. 432. number of, ii. 405, and _n._ 5. Floor of kitchen, ii. 93. Flooring, ii. 81. Florentine kiss, i. 152. Flour, how produced, iii. 104. merchants in the agora, iii. 124. Flower garden, ii. 302. beds, ii. 304. dance, ii. 257. girls, iii. 128. sellers in the agora, iii. 123. Flowered tissues, iii. 218. Flowers used in crowns, ii. 2, _n._ 1258 mythological association of, ii. 305. profusion of, ii. 310. what kind loved by the bee, ii. 292. Flute, music of the, i. 186, iii. 190. players in the agora, iii. 125. Folding seats, iii. 188. Food, ii. 125. classification of, ii. 128. working for, iii. 87. of the poor, iii. 94. of slaves, iii. 28. of the bear, i. 226. Football, English game of, i. 157. Footsnares, i. 222. Foreigners, could not sell in the agora, iii. 99. Four-post bedsteads, ii. 103. Fowl-house, ii. 278. Fowling, i. 206. cruelty in, i. 230. Fowls, ii. 150. care of, ii. 277. food of, ii. 278. Frankincense, from Arabia, iii. 396. Freckles, how removed, iii. 136, seq. Freedom, how obtained by Attic slaves, iii. 19. Free states, spirit of education in, i. 238. Friendship, aptitude of the Greeks for, i. 32. Frontlets for horses, iii. 164. Fruit trees, ii. 316. shops in the agora, iii. 121. what kinds eaten, ii. 158-165. how preserved, ii. 358-361. how moulded by gardeners, ii. 323. exportation of, iii. 327. Fruits, how forced, ii. 321. Fuel, ii. 124, iii. 173. Fullers, trade of the, iii. 232. Fullers’ earth, iii. 199. Fund of the Erani, iii. 80. Funeral ceremonies, iii. 414. pile, iii. 418. Furies, their costume on the stage, ii. 260. Furniture, ii. 97. of what woods made, iii. 183. Furs, imported by Persia, iii. 408. Future rewards and punishments, i. 356.

G.

Gadflies, ii. 2, _n._ 1835 Gaia, mystic navel of, i. 56. Galatia, wine of, iii. 117. Galbanum, from Syria, iii. 392. Galleys, iii. 302. Gall-nuts, for staining wood, iii. 159. Gamelion, or nuptial month, ii. 9. Gamelios, or bride-cake, ii. 20. Games of children, i. 149, 163. Game eaten in the Homeric times, ii. 130. cocks of Alexandria, iii. 388. Garden of the Greeks, ii. 79, 301. Gardens of Adonis, ii. 322. Alcinoös, of the Hesperides, and of Midas, ii. 318. Garlands, use of, ii. 304. Garlic, ii. 332. eaten in Homeric times, ii. 133. from Megara, ii. 155. from Egypt, iii. 386. Gastronomers, list of celebrated, ii. 201. Gaul, exports of, iii. 377. Geese, feeding, ii. 274. how fattened, ii. 275. their livers how enlarged, ii. 276. sagacity of, ii. 2, _n._ 1099 Gems, engraved for signets, iii. 148. Genii of eating and drinking, ii. 169. Geometry, study of, i. 183. Geranion, or crane’s bill, a sort of truffle, ii. 333. Germander, from Pontos, iii. 344. Gerula, or under-nurse, i. 136. Gethyllis, a species of leek, ii. 332. Ghosts, belief in, i. 364. Gift-bearers, or serfs, iii. 61. Gilding, art of, ii. 80, iii. 146. Ginger, iii. 201. from Arabia, 400. Gingidium, from Syria, iii. 393. Gingra, a dance, ii. 257. Gingras, a flute, iii. 190. Giraffe, from Æthiopia and India, iii. 381. Girls, their education, i. 403. Glass, manufacture of, iii. 195, 196. coloured, iii. 196. malleable, iii. 196. from Alexandria, iii. 390. cups, ii. 115. dishes, ii. 23. mirrors, ii. 119. windows, ii. 82. Gloves, iii. 220. worn by rustics, ii. 383. Glycera, bon mot attributed to her, ii. 44. the queen of Harpalos, ii. 45. Gnathena, her witty repartees, ii. 44. Goad, use of the, ii. 385. Goatherds, ii. 427. Goats, ii. 280. cheese of, i. 227. horns, why placed at the feet of vines, ii. 343. Goat-skin cloak, ii. 407. Goblets of amber, ii. 111. God, belief in, i. 350. nature of, incomprehensible, i. 354. his attributes, i. 354. belief in his unity, i. 353. Goddesses, their form and beauty, i. 311. wherefore draped, i. 313. Gods, beneficent, i. 30. character of, i. 311. borrowed some of their glory from the human mind, i. 290. of the shepherd race, ii. 2, _n._ 1781 Gold mines on the shores of the Euxine, i. 4. on the shores of Thrace, i. 5. of Thasos, iii. 356. of Egypt, iii. 168. Gold, at Sparta, iii. 263. plate, ii. 110. plates on walls of houses, ii. 80. thread, iii. 220. Golden age, food of the, i. 12, ii. 128. water in Persia, ii. 135. statues, iii. 144. Goldsmiths, iii. 142. Goose’s liver, ii. 152, 276. Gorgias, account of, i. 246. under whom he studied, i. 247. his pupils, i. 248. ambassador from Leontium, i. 247. his golden statue at Delphi, i. 249. Goslings, care of, ii. 274. Gourd, eaten, ii. 326. Government, origin of the Greek notions on, i. 38. Grace before meat, ii. 176. Graces, dance of the, ii. 259. Grafting, first mention of, iii. 318. Grain, various kinds of, iii. 107. how preserved in granaries, ii. 397 sqq. how eaten in ancient times, ii. 128. choice of, for sowing, ii. 387. pickers, iii. 91. Grammateion, a kind of cup, ii. 116. Granaries, preparation of, ii. 396. of Syra, Northern Africa, and the Azores, ii. 2, _n._ 1770 Granite, Theban, iii. 388. Grapes, ii. 165. the kinds now cultivated in Greece, ii. 2, _n._ 1601 how produced without stones, ii. 341. medicinal, how produced, ii. 341. how preserved fresh, ii. 356. smeared with lime, ii. 317. Grass, beds stuffed with, ii. 103. Graves, how adorned, iii. 431. Greaves, iii. 165. Greece, called Hellas, i. 1. Greece, its varied surface, i. 53. Greeks, their superiority in the arts, i. 290. Greengrocers in the agora, iii. 121. Grinding corn, iii. 104. Griphoi, ii. 215. Griphos, definition of, ii. 216. Groups of statues in the Acropolis, i. 79, 80. Groves, around houses, ii. 271. Gruel, ii. 153. Guardian spirits, i. 364. Guardians of estates, ii. 400. Guests, departure of the, ii. 219. number of, fixed by law, ii. 173. Guild of actors, ii. 233. Guinea-fowls, Ætolian, iii. 340. Gunpowder, iii. 199. Gyges, story of, ii. 410. vast barrow thrown up by him, iii. 429. Gymnasia, general description of, i. 195. of Athens, i. 193. exercises of, i. 191. Gymnasiarch, i. 176. Gymnastics, object of, i. 191, 192. at Sparta, i. 275. enthusiastically studied, i. 204. first step in, i. 197. Gymnopædia, i. 287. Gynæconitis, ii. 80. Gypones, certain dancers, ii. 256. Gypsum, from Epeiros, iii. 340. for windows, ii. 82. Gythium, the port of Sparta, iii. 268.

H.