Chapter VII: The Religious Orders

The Augustinians--Their glorious founder--Austin Friars
in England--Scotland--Mexico--They sail with Villalobos
for the Islands of the Setting Sun--Their disastrous voyage
--Fray Andres Urdaneta and his companions--Foundation of
Cebu and Manila with two hundred and forty other towns--
Missions to Japan and China--The Flora Filipina--The
Franciscans--The Jesuits--The Dominicans--The Recollets--
Statistics of the religious orders in the islands--Turbulence
of the friars--Always ready to fight for their country--
Furnish a war ship and command it--Refuse to exhibit the
titles of their estates in 1689--The Augustinians take up
arms against the British--Ten of them fall on the field of
battle--Their rectories sacked and burnt--Bravery of the
archbishop and friars in 1820--Father Ibanez raises a
battalion--Leads it to the assault of a Moro Cotta--Execution
of native priests in 1872--Small garrison in the islands--
Influence of the friars--Their behaviour--Herr Jagor--Foreman
--Worcester--Younghusband--Opinion of Pope Clement X.--Tennie
C. Claflin--Equality of opportunity--Statesque figures of the
girls--The author's experience of the Friars--The Philippine
clergy--Who shall cast the first stone!--Constitution of the
orders--Life of a friar--May become an Archbishop--The Chapter 57-70

Chapter VIII.

Their Estates.

Malinta and Piedad--Mandaloyan--San Francisco de
Malabon--Irrigation works--Imus--Calamba--Cabuyao--Santa
Rosa Binan--San Pedro Tunasan--Naic--Santa Cruz--Estates a
bone of contention for centuries--Principal cause of revolt
of Tagals--But the Peace Commission guarantee the Orders in
possession--Pacification retarded--Summary--The Orders must
go!--And be replaced by natives 71-78

Chapter IX.

Secret Societies.

Masonic Lodges--Execution or exile of Masons in 1872--The
"Asociacion Hispano Filipina"--The "Liga Filipina"--The
Katipunan--Its programme 79-83

Chapter X.

The Insurrection of 1896-97.

Combat at San Juan del Monte--Insurrection spreading--Arrival
of reinforcements from Spain--Rebel entrenchments--Rebel arms
and artillery--Spaniards repulsed from Binacayan--and from
Noveleta--Mutiny of Carabineros--Prisoners at Cavite attempt
to escape--Iniquities of the Spanish War Office--Lachambre's
division--Rebel organization--Rank and badges--Lachambre
advances--He captures Silang--Perez Dasmarinas--Salitran
--Anabo II. 84-96

Chapter XI.

The Insurrection of 1896-97--continued.

The Division encamps at San Nicolas--Work of the native
Engineer soldiers--The division marches to Salitran--Second
action at Anabo II.--Crispulo Aguinaldo killed--Storming the
entrenchments of Anabo I.--Burning of Imus by the rebels--
Proclamation by General Polavieja--Occupation of Bacoor--
Difficult march of the division--San Antonio taken by assault
--Division in action with all its artillery--Capture of
Noveleta--San Francisco taken by assault--Heavy loss of the
Tagals--Losses of the division--The division broken up--
Monteverde's book--Polaveija returns to Spain--Primo de Rivera
arrives to take his place--General Monet's butcheries--The pact
of Biak-na-Bato--The 74th Regiment joins the insurgents--The
massacre of the Calle Camba--Amnesty for torturers--Torture
in other countries 97-108