Chapter XLVIII: Appendix (2)

September 20th. The Civil Commission reports that large numbers of the people in the Philippines are longing for peace, and are willing to accept the government of the United States.

General McArthur cables reports of fighting in the Ilocos Provinces, from whence General Young telegraphs for reinforcements, also in Bulacan, and in Tayabas.

A desperate engagement is fought in the Laguna Province, where the Americans made an attack upon the Filipino positions, and were repulsed with heavy loss, including Captain Mitchell and Lieutenant Cooper.

The Filipinos are constantly harassing and attacking the American outposts and garrisons around Manila, and have caused fourteen casualties amongst the troops.

CUSTOMS DUES ON EXPORTS, 1896-97.

Articles. Tax per 100 kilos
Gross Weight.

$ cts.

Hemp or cordage 0.75
Indigo 0.50
Tintarron liquid indigo 0.05
Rice 2.00
Sugar 0.10
Cocoa-nuts or copra 0.10
Tobacco in cigars or cigarettes 3.00
Tobacco in leaf from the provinces of
Cagayan, Isabela, and Nueva Vizcaya
in Luzon 3.00
Tobacco in leaf from Visayas and Mindanao 2.00
Tobacco in leaf from any other province 1.50

Estimated receipts from above tax in the
financial year 1896-97 $1,292,550

EXTRA IMPORT TAX ON CONSUMABLE ARTICLES.

(This is in addition to the Customs dues.)

$ cts.

Spirits In barrels or demijohns per litre 0.20
In bottles or flasks per litre 0.30
Beer 0.10
Vegetables or fruits, dried or green per kilog. 0.02
Wheat flour per 100 kilog. 0.50
Common salt per 100 kilog. 1.00
Petroleum and mineral oils per 100 kilog. 1.00

Estimated receipts from above tax in the
financial year 1896-97 $301,000

EXPORT STATISTICS.

16 piculs = 1 ton of 20 cwt.; 8 bales hemp = 1 ton of 20 cwt.; 1 quintal = 100 lbs. Spanish, or about 1013/4 English.

+-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sugar. |Hemp. | Copra. |Coffee.|Cordage.|Sapan-wood.|Hides and|M.-o'-P.| Gum. | Indigo. | Tobacco |Cigars.| | | | | | | | |Cuttings.|Shells. | | | Leaf. | | +-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | | Piculs. |Bales. | Piculs. |Piculs.|Piculs. | Piculs. | Piculs. |Piculs. |Piculs.|Quintals.|Quintals.| Mil. | | {Manila |1,500,139|571,047| .. |107,236| 1,985| 12,006| 32,658| 184| 5,276| 4,639| 204,592|109,109| |1888 {Cebu | 267,100| 90,385| | | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,197,851| .. | Small | .. | .. | 93,575| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+quantities+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |2,965,090|661,432| only |107,236| 1,985| 105,581| 32,658| 184| 5,276| 4,639| 204,592|109,109| |-------------+---------+-------+ shipped. +-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila |1,565,668|475,638| No | 92,993| 1,487| 17,965| 7,701| 387| 7,326| 3,545| 203,085|120,532| |1889 {Cebu | 187,791| 92,933| records | | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,748,049| .. | kept. | .. | .. | 60,739| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+ +-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |3,501,508|568,571| .. | 92,993| 1,487| 78,704| 7,701| 387| 7,326| 3,545| 203,085|120,532| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila | 874,088|449,606| 74,447| 76,756| 3,141| 21,934| 6,300| 501| 3,016| 374| 179,054|109,636| |1890 {Cebu | 55,280| 56,549| | | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,431,054| .. | .. | .. | .. | 22,635| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |2,360,422|506,155| 74,447| 76,756| 3,141| 44,569| 6,300| 501| 3,016| 374| 179,054|109,636| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila |1,174,374|546,854| 245,309| 45,917| 2,403| 17,051| 5,439| 452| 4,168| 2,039| 195,925| 93,248| |1891 {Cebu | 140,200| 88,693| | | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,357,685| .. | .. | .. | | 52,886| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |2,672,259|635,547| 245,309| 45,917| 2,403| 69,937| 5,439| 452| 4,168| 2,039| 195,925| 93,248| +-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila |1,089,054|702,228| 259,539| 21,242| 1,762| 29,634| 6,032| 507| 5,005| 5,894| 253,850|138,389| |1892 {Cebu | 294,220| 88,280| | | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|2,571,989| .. | .. | .. | | 36,277| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |3,955,263|790,508| 259,539| 21,242| 1,762| 65,911| 6,032| 507| 5,005| 5,894| 253,850|138,389| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila |1,712,059|561,391| 184,304| 4,910| 2,251| 53,319| 6,145| 671| 3,638| 940| 230,686|137,458| |1893 {Cebu | 271,400| 80,080| | | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|2,203,523| .. | .. | .. | | 25,376| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |4,186,982|641,471| 184,304| 4,910| 2,251| 78,695| 6,145| 671| 3,638| 940| 230,686|137,458| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila |1,577,523|661,550| 512,729| 9,502| 1,787| 43,368| 5,236| 347| 1,788| 1,025| 191,706|137,877| |1894 {Cebu | 163,172|119,721| | | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,369,507| .. | .. | .. | | 26,124| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |3,110,202|781,271| 512,729| 9,502| 1,787| 69,492| 5,236| 347| 1,788| 1,025| 191,706|137,877| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila |1,729,625|749,777| 549,319| 3,099| 2,938| 25,034| 6,714| 1,730| 4,044| 6,672| 233,702|146,372| |1895 {Cebu | 209,352| 89,212| 44,352| | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,719,115| .. | .. | .. | | 11,100| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |3,658,092|838,989| 593,671| 3,099| 2,938| 36,134| 6,714| 1,730| 4,044| 6,672| 233,702|146,372| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila |1,563,477|669,778| 558,509| 1,421| 3,484| 12,930| 7,127| 204| 2,803| 462| 219,640|185,017| |1896 {Cebu | 106,228| 86,818| 49,200| | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,957,099| .. | .. | .. | | 35,300| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |3,626,804|756,596| 607,709| 1,421| 3,484| 48,230| 7,127| 204| 2,803| 462| 219,640|185,017| +-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila | 811,059|835,067| 765,026| 2,111| 3,786| 17,325| 11,081| 689| 4,029| 251| 287,161|171,410| |1897 {Cebu | 247,110| 80,271| 46,414| | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|2,051,113| .. | .. | .. | .. | 51,300| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |3,109,282|915,338| 811,440| 2,111| 3,786| 68,625| 11,081| 689| 4,029| 251| 287,161|171,410| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila | 251,169|510,958| 252,840| 176| 72| 5,102| 3,648| 261| 1,122| 206| 175,170|103,707| |1898 {Cebu | 159,469|235,597| 10,562| | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|2,449,023| 46,051| .. | .. | .. | 51,610| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |2,859,661|792,606| 263,402| 176| 72| 56,712| 3,648| 261| 1,122| 206| 175,170|103,707| |-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | {Manila | 80,374|437,751| 215,819| 784| 183| .. | 6,226| 517| 2,840| 2,578| 114,261|111,646| |1899 {Cebu | 210,780|148,049| 66,282| | | | | | | | | | | {Ilo-ilo|1,197,700| 14,938| 9,221| .. | .. | 5,700| | | | | | | | +---------+-------+----------+---- --+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+ | Total |1,488,854|600,738|[1]291,322| 784| 183| 5,700| 6,226| 517| 2,840| 2,578| 114,261|111,646| +-------------+---------+-------+----------+-------+--------+-----------+---------+--------+-------+---------+---------+-------+

[1] Value $1,600,000. The copra comes from Laguna, Tayahas, Albay, Samar, Leyte and Mindanao, and the bulk of it goes to Marseilles, some to Liverpool, a little to Spain and Italy.

VALUE OF LAND. MANILA-DAGUPAN RAILWAY.

First Section--Manila to San Fernando.

First sub-section, Manila to Polo.
Second sub-section, Polo to Guiguinto.
Third sub-section, Guiguinto to Calumpit.
Fourth sub-section, Calumpit to San Fernando.

Second Section--San Fernando to Tarlac.

First sub-section, San Fernando to Angeles.
Second sub-section, Angeles to Bamban.
Third sub-section, Bamban to Capas.
Fourth sub-section, Capas to Tarlac.

Third Section--Tarlac to Dagupan.

First sub-section, Tarlac to Panique.
Second sub-section, Panique to Moncada.
Third sub-section, Moncada to Bayambang.
Fourth sub-section, Bayambang to San Carlos.
Fifth sub-section, San Carlos to Dagupan.

AN ESTIMATE OF THE POPULATION OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 1890.

Peninsular Spaniards, including the garrisons, friars, officials and private persons. 14,000 Spaniards born in the islands. 8,000 Spanish mestizos 75,000 Foreigners of white races 2,000 Foreign mestizos 7,000 Chinese 125,000 Chinese mestizos 500,000 Moros of Mindanao, Jolo, Tawi-tawi, Basilan, Balabac, and other islands 600,000 Heathen in all the archipelago--Igorrotes, Manobos, Subanos, Monteses, Ibilaos, Aetas, Ifugaos, etc., etc. 800,000 Christian natives 5,869,000 --------- Total 8,000,000

The above is taken from a pamphlet called 'Filipinas' Fundamental Problem,' by a Spaniard long resident in those islands, published in Madrid, 1891, by D. Luis Aguado. The pamphlet itself is a violent attack on Rizal and those who sympathised with him, and holds out as the only remedy against insurrection the encouragement of Spanish immigration on an extensive scale.

ESTIMATE OF PHILIPPINE INCOME AND EXPENDITURE, 1896-97.

$
Direct Taxes--

Property tax, $140,280; industrial and commercial tax, $1,400,700; cedulas personales, [37]$5,600,000; capitation tax on Chinese, $510,190; acknowledgment of vassalage from outlaws and heathen, $20,000; tax of 10 per cent. on railway fares, $32,000; various surtaxes, $63,000; tax of 10 per cent. on the pay of employes paid by local funds, $80,000; tax of 10 per cent. on the pay of employes paid by the State, $650,000 8,496,170

Custom House--

Imports, $3,600,000; exports, [38]$1,292,550; loading tax, $410,000; unloading, $570,000; trans-shipment, $1000; warehousing, $4000; fines, surtaxes, etc., $22,000; tax on consumable goods, [39]$301,000 6,200,550

Monopoly--

Opium contract (farmed out) [40] 576,000

Stamps--

Stamped paper, do. for fines, for bills of exchange, post office stamps, patent medicine stamps, stamps for telegrams, receipts, signatures, passports, less $200,000 paid to Bolmao and Hong Kong Cable Co., etc. 646,000

Lottery--

Profits of the Manila lottery, licenses for raffles, etc. 1,000,000

Crown Property--

Rents of mining claims, $2000; royalties on forest produce, $170,000; sale of Crown lands, of buildings, and fines 257,000

Miscellaneous--

Unexpended balances, $50,000; produce of convict labour, $4000; sale of buildings and stores of War Department and Navy, $3800; profits on coining money, $200,000; sundry receipts, $40,500 298,300

Total [41]$17,474,020

$
General charges--

Ministry of the Colonies, Court of Audit, expenses of Fernando Po, civil, military and naval pensions, interest on savings bank deposits, passages of Government employes 1,507,900

State--

Diplomatic and consular expenses 74,000

Grace and Justice--

Courts of Justice, register of property, gaols, the clergy, missionaries, public worship, passages of missionaries, college for missionaries 1,896,277

Army--

Pay and allowances, provisions, forage, clothing, war-like stores, invalids, orphans, extraordinary credit for the campaign in Mindanao ($624,680) 6,042,442

Treasury--

Central administration, mint at Manila, provincial administration, pay and allowances of corps of carbineers (custom house guards), cost of selling stamped paper, of collecting taxes, of working the lottery 1,393,184

Navy--

Pay and allowances, victualling and clothing, material for the station, for the squadron, material for the arsenal ($1,260,652) 3,566,528

Civil Service--

Colonial Secretary (pay and allowances), Governor- General, civil governors, political and military governors, council of administration, the Guardia Civil, post office, telegraph, health officers of ports 2,198,350

Education and public works--

Technical schools, nautical do. of drawing, painting, sculpture and engraving, university, normal school, observatory of Manila ($20,000 per annum), pay and allowances of engineers and assistants of public works, of the woods and forests, of mines, and of the model farms 615,198

Total 17,293,879

N.B.--Expenditure on Army and Navy $9,608,970, considerably more than half the total revenue.

Value of Land.

Official valuation of land required for the construction of the Manila-Dagupan Railway. The expropriation commenced in 1888 and continued up to end of 1892, and the prices paid were far in excess of estimate.

+-------------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ | | First Section. | Second Section. | Third Section. | +-------------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ | Sub-section | 1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 5. | +-------------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ | From kil. | 0 | 13.8| 29.2| 45.8| 60.7| 75.5| 90.5|107.3|116.5|134.6|149.2|162.9|179.3| | To ,, | 13.8| 29.2| 45.8| 60.7| 75.5| 90.5|107.3|116.5|134.6|149.2|162.9|179.3|192.3| +-------------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ | | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |Water meadows or irrigated rice land |480 |240 |240 |240 |220 |200 |120 |100 | 88 | 80 |100 |140 |180 | |Rice lands (dry), 1st class |200 |192 |180 |168 |120 |108 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 32 | 48 | 72 | 80 | | ,, 2nd class |168 |160 |160 |152 | 72 | 60 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 16 | 28 | 40 | 44 | |Cane fields, 1st class |272 |240 |260 |100 | 80 | 60 | 28 | 20 | 20 | 16 | 32 | 40 | 48 | | ,, 2nd class |200 |160 |192 | 80 | 56 | 40 | 20 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 20 | 28 | 32 | |Stony land near the sea |140 |120 | | | | | | | | | | | | |Buyo (betel) plantations |240 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 72 | 72 | |Nipa palm groves | 88 | 80 | 72 | 60 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 24 | |Mangrove swamp | 76 | 60 | 48 | 32 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12 | 16 | |Gardens and building lots |200 |180 |180 |160 |100 | 88 | 32 | 28 | 28 | 20 | 32 | 48 | 56 | |Forest land | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10 | 6.4| 4 | 2.4| 1.6| 4 | 4 | | |Bush land | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8 | 4.8| 2.4| 1.6| 1.6| 2.4| | | |Pasture | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12 | 10 | | | | | | +-------------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+

Price is given in Mexican dollars per acre.

CARDINAL NUMBERS IN SEVEN DIALECTS.

Peninsula Luzon. Borneo. North
and Three Dayak Dialects. Borneo.
Islands.

Malay. Tagal. Pampango. Sabuyan. Lara. Salakan. Ida'an.

1 Satu. Isa. Isa or metung. Sat. Asa. Asa. Iso or san. 2 Dua. Dalaua. Adua. Dua. Dua. Dua. Duo. 3 Tiga. Tatlo. Atlu. Tiga. Taru. Talu. Telo. 4 Ampat. Apat. Apat. Ampat. Apat. Ampat. Apat. 5 Lima. Lima. Lima. Lima. Rima. Lima. Limo. 6 Anam. Anim. Anam. Anam. Unum. Anam. Anam. 7 Tujoh. Pito. Pitu. Tujoh. Ijo. Tujoh. Turo. 8 Dulapan. Ualo. Ualu. Lapan. Mahi. Delapan. Walo. 9 Sumbilan. Siam. Siam. Sambilan. Pire. Sambilau. Siam. 10 Sa'puloh. Sang puot. Apulu. Sapulo. Sapuloh. Sapuloh. Opod.

London: Printed by William Clowes and Sons, Limited, Stamford Street and Charing Cross.

NOTES

[1] England has 51,000 square miles area; Wales, 7378; Ireland, 31,759; Scotland, nearly 30,000. Total, Great Britain and Ireland, etc., 121,000 square miles.

[2] Worcester, p. 446, mentions Conifers at sea level in Sibuyan Island, province of Romblon.

[3] Called in Spanish the oropendola (Broderipus achrorchus).

[4] A whip made from hippopotamus hide.

[5] Expelled in 1768. Readmitted, 1852, for charge of schools and missions.

[6] Of these 4102 were baptisms of heathen in 1896.

[7] Exchange was then at 4s. 2d.

[8] This word is formed of the first syllable of the names of three native priests executed after the Cavite mutiny, Fathers Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora.

[9] Report published in Outlook, September 1st and 21st, 1899.

[10] The Abbe de Brantome, whose appreciative remarks upon the courtesans who accompanied the Army of the Duke of Alva are quoted by Motley in 'The Rise of the Dutch Republic,' would have been delighted to take up his favourite subject and chronicle the following of the American Army.

[11] My remarks apply to the accounts published in the Times.

[12] May 11th, 1899, The New York Herald's correspondent at Manila reports that the insurgents have succeeded in landing ten machine guns on the island of Panay.

[13] The kindness and mercy are not obvious.

[14] I think, in view of the German atrocities in Africa, including many cases of flogging women, that this epithet is well earned.

[15] In making these remarks, I am not in any way desirous of depreciating the Department of Agriculture, for I hold the belief that its reports are written with exceptional ability. But this circular bears internal evidence of having been written by some person, perhaps a consul, unfamiliar with Philippine agriculture, and published without correction.

[16] Their Hong was colloquially known as Sion Corner.

[17] See the sentence of court-martial on Julius Arnold, musician of M Company, 25th Infantry, for murdering a woman under the most atrocious circumstances it is possible to imagine.

[18] The Krakatoa explosion was heard all over the Southern Philippines like the firing of heavy guns, although the distance in a straight line is over 1500 miles. This will give some idea of the loudness of volcanic explosions.

[19] The territory occupied by each tribe is shown on the general map of Mindanao by the number on this list.

[20] Ajonjoli (Sesamun Indicum, L.). See Chap. XIX. for Gogo.

[21] The Blachang of the Malays.

[22] Pristiophoridae.

[23] Raiidae.

[24] 'Comentarios Reales.' Garcilasso Inca de la Vega.

[25] Some ridiculous person has stated in a magazine article that they have no word in Tagal equivalent to Thank you. This is not true, for the word Salamat is the exact equivalent.

[26] The roller pinions in both Chinese and native mills are of hard wood.

[27] Crocodilus Porosus.

[28] They sell about 25,000 bales per annum.

[29] The above was the Christian Visyas population, and is exclusive of Negritos, Mundos, and other heathen savages and remontados. The area is taken from a Spanish official report.

[30] See 'In Court and Kampong,' by Hugh Clifford.

[31] The territory of Sibuguey is almost unexplored.

[32] The principal industry of Christians or Moros, is washing the sands and alluvial soils for gold, which is found in abundance. Agriculture is progressing.

[33] The principal industry is washing the sands and mining for gold.

[34] From Jesuit records the Christian population of Davao was 12,000 in 1896. This number included over 3000 converted Moros. There were also some 2,000 Moros residing there. The Jesuits residing on the spot must know best.

[35] Nieto gives the total as 200,000. I have divided them as above.

[36] Value $1,600,000. The copra comes from Laguna, Tayahas, Albay, Samar, Leyte and Mindanao, and the bulk of it goes to Marseilles, some to Liverpool, a little to Spain and Italy.

[37] The total receipts from this tax are $7,000,000
The local funds receive 20 per cent., say $1,400,000
----------
Remainder $5,600,000

[38] See Table of dues on Exports.

[39] See Table of this tax.

[40] In August 1900 the Straits Settlements Government received offers for the opium and spirit farms in Singapore, Penang and Malacca, for three years from January 7th, 1901, amounting to $385,000 per month.

[41] In 1886-87 the revenue only amounted to $9,324,974; the Army estimates for 1888 were $3,918,760, the Navy $2,573,776. If to the revenue of 1896-97 we add the amount paid over to local funds, the total will be double the revenue raised ten years before.