Chapter XXVII: Introduction (4)

In Chapter VIII the author reviews the settlements of the Dutch in South-Africa, the British occupation of the Cape, the conflict of the British and the Dutch, the rise of the Boer Republic, and the Kaffir wars. In keeping with so many writers who endorse almost anything which Europeans do, this author finds some justification for the intrusion of the Europeans in Africa. The cruel oppression visited upon the natives as a result of this conquest does not cause the author any grief. In the same way, he discusses the conquest and settlements of France and Great Britain in West-Africa, their dependencies, and methods of development. Treating the late campaigns in Africa, the author makes an effort to bring this information up to date as far as possible, trying to account for the territorial settlement in that continent as shown by the reconstructed map of Africa. The book closes with a discussion of such African problems as the elimination of Germany from Africa, the plurality of powers in Africa as an advantage to the Africans in bringing about mutual checks, and the effect of the World War upon the relation between whites and blacks.

* * * * *

_A Boy's Life of Booker T. Washington._ By W. C. Jackson, Vice
President of the North Carolina College for Women, and Professor
of History, Greensboro. (New York, The Macmillan Company, 1922.
Pp. 147.)

The author does not pretend to add anything new to what is generally known about Booker T. Washington, or to what may be found in such works as _Up from Slavery_, _My Larger Education_, and _Booker T. Washington: Builder of a Civilization_. The aim is to tell this story in such simple language as to make it comprehensible for children. The author hopes that by reading this book some of them may be inspired to higher ambition and encouraged to nobler effort. While the reader may not agree with all of the observations made by the author, he must commend this effort to popularize the record of the distinguished citizen who by his achievement demonstrated that the race has within it the possibilities of other groups. This effort, then, has an important bearing on the dissemination of information concerning the Negro and on the preservation of the records of the race.

The details of the life of the subject of the sketch are omitted except that the interesting beginnings of Booker T. Washington as a boy, and his rise through poverty and ignorance to a position of leadership, are given with some degree of thoroughness. The author endeavors to impress upon the youth the bravery, courage, backbone, energy, fair-mindedness, honesty, wisdom, intelligence, judgment, modesty, patriotism, will power, self control, and love of humanity of Booker T. Washington. To do this, each important trait in the man is portrayed by reference to some achievement which served as a striking example of his character. In this way, the author draws upon his planning for an education, school days at Hampton, beginning life in the outside world, first efforts at teaching, the beginning of Tuskegee, early hardships, struggles to raise money, speech-making, leadership, political experiences, and travels abroad.

The book is well printed and neatly bound. It is also adequately illustrated so as to concentrate the attention of the youth on certain important achievements and events in the life of Washington. Among these illustrations appear the monument recently unveiled at Tuskegee, which constitutes the frontispiece of the book. Then follow various illustrations of the many activities of the institution. While there is not given a general view of the whole school, the various groups given will impress the reader with the magnitude of the work undertaken at Tuskegee. The cuts of Washington and his family show the home life of the man.

NOTES

Mr. A. A. Taylor, who during the last fiscal year devoted a part of his time to research under the direction of the Association, has been permanently employed as an Associate Investigator of the Association to make researches into Negro Reconstruction History. Mr. Taylor is an alumnus of the University of Michigan. He has recently done graduate work under Professors Abbott, Usher, Turner, Merk, and Channing at Harvard, where he obtained the degree of Master of Arts.

Miss Irene A. Wright, who has been employed by the Association to copy certain documents in the Archives of the Indies, Seville, Spain, reports that in the near future she will offer for publication in these columns interesting and valuable data giving the history of the Mose Settlement of Negroes in Florida.

Mr. Albert Parry, the contributor of the article in this number entitled "Hannibal, the Favorite of Peter the Great," is a former resident of Russia. He has been studying in this country two years.

* * * * *

The various aspects of German colonization in East Africa and the rôle played by that portion of this continent in the World War are treated in _Kumbuke; Erlebnisse eines Arztes in Deutsch Ostafrika_ (Berlin, Dom-Verlag, 1922, pp. 502), by August Hauer.

_Études sur l'Islam en Côte d'Ivoire_ (Paris, Leroux, 1922, pp. 502) by Paul Marty, _Au Congo: Souvenirs de la Mission Marchand_ (Paris, Fayard, 1921) by General Baratier, and _Une Étape de la Conquête de l'Afrique Équatoriale Française_ (Paris, Fournier, 1922, pp. 260) by the Ministry of War of France, cover altogether in a general way French colonization in Western and Central Africa.

The Associated Publishers will soon publish a work entitled _Negro Poets and Their Poems_ by Robert T. Kerlin, Professor of English of the State Normal School, West Chester, Pennsylvania, former Professor of English at the Virginia Military Institute. This work will be an illustrated textbook for schools and will at the same time serve as a volume of general information on contemporary Negro poetry.

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR

The fiscal year which ended June 30, 1923, was the most prosperous in the history of the Association. The efforts of the staff were directed toward carrying out the purposes for which the Association was organized, namely, to collect historical data and to promote studies bearing on the Negro. To attain these objectives the Director had to perform the two important tasks of soliciting funds to finance the Association and then to use the same in the employment of assistants to investigate the various aspects of Negro life and history.

Funds have been received and disbursed as follows:

COMPLETE FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF ALL DEPARTMENTS OF THE
ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF NEGRO LIFE AND HISTORY[A]

_July 1, 1922-June 30, 1923_

_Receipts_

Research Fund $5,000.00
Interest on Reserve 78.77
Subscriptions 1,798.91
Memberships 321.10
Contributions 6,727.99
Advertisements 264.55
Refunds 57.11
Miscellaneous 107.80
Books 3.25
----------
Total Receipts $14,359.48

Balance on hand for
Research June 30, 1922 5,000.00

Balance on hand, General
Expense Fund, June 30, 1922 89.46
----------
Grand Total $19,448.94

_Disbursements_
Printing and Stationery $2,996.34
Paid for Research 4,401.62
Petty Cash (Incidentals) 900.00
Stenographic Service 1,330.01
Rent and Light 518.50
Salaries 2,733.37
Traveling Expenses 300.39
Miscellaneous 520.47
----------
Total Disbursements $13,700.70
Balance on hand, June 30, 1923
appropriated for Printing
and Research 5,677.15
Balance on Hand, General
Expense Fund, June 30, 1923 71.09
----------
Grand Total $19,448.94

Respectfully submitted,
(Signed) S. W. RUTHERFORD,
Secretary-Treasurer.

VARIOUS INTERESTS

The Director, who is editor of the JOURNAL OF NEGRO HISTORY as well as the executive of the Association, has devoted some of his time to administrative duties, which, with the expansion of the work, are rapidly multiplying. It has been possible, however, to give much stimulus to all phases of the work in spite of arduous duties. That the additional assistants now associated with the Director will relieve him of some of these tasks is indeed gratifying.

THE JOURNAL OF NEGRO HISTORY has found its way into additional libraries and schools where it is becoming more and more to be regarded as a valuable aid in research. It is now used as such in the accredited colleges and universities of both races in the South and serves for similar purposes in centers of research in the North. A larger number of institutions abroad, moreover, are now subscribing to this publication, requiring, too, a complete file of the magazine in bound form. Briefly stated, then, while this publication has not a popular subscription list, it circulates throughout the civilized world as a library magazine of value for advanced students, investigators, and social workers.

The Director has spent some of his time in field work. Wherever there is a call to encourage a school or a club to do more for the study of Negro life and history, the Director generally responds. In this way the people of Kentucky, especially in Lexington and Louisville, were made acquainted with the purposes of the Association and induced to do something for the preservation of the local records of Negroes who have achieved well. Enterprising citizens of Lexington have organized for this purpose.

At Nashville, the Director availed himself of a similar opportunity to carry the work of the Association to the thinking people of the city, speaking to them for two days in their schools and churches. The interest aroused was most encouraging and resulted in the organization of a local club to co-operate with this national organization. In addition to preserving the records of Negroes in that particular community, this group will engage in the actual study of the neglected aspects of Negro history, using the Branch Library as a center where numerous works on Negro life and history have been provided.

In Baltimore, where the Spring Conference of the Association was held, the citizens showed the same sort of interest in the work and pledged themselves to do more to save local records which are now being rapidly lost. Persons having an intelligent interest in the past of the Negro are now taking steps to organize there a Maryland Historical Society, to record and popularize the achievements of the Negroes of that commonwealth under the leadership of the teachers of history of the public schools and instructors at Morgan College.

RESEARCH

For the first time in the history of the Association its researches have taken a definite course. Up to the year just ended, the Association had the benefit of merely what investigations the Director's manifold duties permitted him to conduct, or of what others of their own will worked out in the interest of unearthing the truth. Thanks to the appropriations of the Carnegie Corporation and the Laura Spellman Rockefeller Memorial, however, the Association can now outline a definite program of investigation and systematically carry it out. For the present the staff is engaged in the study of the Free Negro prior to 1861 and Negro Reconstruction History.

With the assistance of a copyist, Mrs. C. B. Overton, the Director has been preparing a report on the Free Negro in the United States. This report will be decidedly statistical, giving the names of the persons of color who were heads of families in 1830, where they were living, how many were in each family, how many slaves each owned, and what relation these free Negroes sustained to the white people. This research covers also the statistics of absentee ownership of slaves by whites. The first volume of the report will be published within the next six months. Using it as a basis, the Director will make further investigation of the Free Negroes to determine their economic status, their social position, the attitude of the southern whites toward this class, and the opinion of the North with respect to them as citizens.

Working in this same field, but developing special aspects of this history, are Mr. George F. Dow and Miss Irene A. Wright. Mr. George F. Dow has been employed to read the 18th century colonial newspapers of New England for facts bearing on the Negro. Up to the present, however, he has been unable to finish this task and does not promise to accomplish much until next fall. Miss Irene A. Wright is now extracting from the Archives of the Indies in Seville, Spain, some valuable documents showing the part the Negroes played in the early struggle between the British and Spanish in America and especially the records of the Mose Settlement of Negroes in Florida and the achievements of the Negroes in Louisiana. Miss Wright will also copy all accessible documents of Latin-America giving accounts of Negroes in higher spheres of usefulness. The Association is endeavoring to employ an investigator to render the same sort of service in the British Museum and the Public Record Office in London.

During the year the Association has had one worker in Negro Reconstruction History. This was Mr. A. A. Taylor, an alumnus of the University of Michigan, who has recently received the degree of Master of Arts for graduate work done at Harvard University under Professors W. C. Abbott, F. J. Turner, and Edward Channing. Although he has devoted only a part of his time to this research, he has produced one valuable dissertation, _The Social Conditions and Treatment of Negroes in South Carolina, 1865-1880_. He has also made a scientific study of the social and economic conditions of the Negroes in Virginia for the same period, but has not yet completed this treatise. It is expected that it will be ready for publication within the next twelve months. Mr. Taylor will continue this work as Associate Investigator, permanently employed by the Association to devote all of his time to this effort.

The Association continues its interest in the work of training young men for scientific investigation. As far as possible it will follow its program of educating in the best graduate schools with libraries bearing on Negro Life and History, three young men supported by fellowships of $500 each from the Association and such additional stipends as the schools themselves may grant for their support. These students are assigned to different fields, one to make Anthropometric and Psychological measurements of Negroes, one to study African Anthropology and Archaeology, and one to take up history as it has been influenced by the Negro.

Closely connected with these plans, moreover, are certain other projects to preserve Negro folklore. In this effort the Association has the co-operation of Dr. Elsie Clews Parsons, the moving spirit of the American Folklore Society. She is now desirous of making a more systematic effort to embody this part of the Negro civilization and she believes that the work can be more successfully done by co-operation with the Association. As soon as the Director can obtain a special fund for this particular work, an investigator will be employed to undertake it. For the present the Association is endeavoring to stimulate interest in this field by offering a prize of $200 for the best collection of tales, riddles, proverbs, sayings, and songs, which have been heard at home by Negro students of accredited schools.

The interest in the result of these researches has become all but nation-wide. Most advanced institutions of learning now make some use of historical works on the Negro. _The Negro in Our History_ has met with the general welcome as a much desired volume giving the essential facts of Negro achievement. It has been extensively used as collateral reading and has been adopted as a text in more than a score of schools and colleges. The demand for this book is so rapidly increasing that the second edition has been almost exhausted. The third edition, which is now in preparation, will be revised and enlarged so as to give more attention to the Negro in freedom, a period of more concern to most students than that of the Negro before the Civil War.

In almost every center of considerable Negro population and in most of the large schools of the race there are clubs or classes engaged in the study of Negro life and history. Some of these were organized under the supervision of the Association and others sprang up of themselves in response to the increasing desire among Negroes to know about themselves and to publish such information to a world uninformed as to what the race has thought and felt and attempted and done. These groups thus interested in the scientific study of the Negro, moreover, are not restricted to the schools and communities controlled by this race. The Association has found little difficulty in interesting advanced students in large northern universities, and this work has extended to some of the best white schools of the South.

THE STAFF

The staff has suffered one irreparable loss in that Miss A. H. Smith, who during the last seven years has served the Association as Office Manager and Assistant to the Secretary-treasurer, has recently retired from the service. The Association is immeasurably indebted to Miss Smith for the faithful service which she has rendered the cause, and it will be difficult to fill her position. Although offered opportunities for earning a larger stipend elsewhere, she remained with the Association because of her interest in the work which it has been prosecuting. The Association wishes her well and earnestly hopes that she may be welcomed in some other field of usefulness.

Respectfully submitted,
CARTER G. WOODSON,
Director

1538 NINTH ST., N. W.,
WASHINGTON, D. C.
Sept. 18, 1923

FOOTNOTES:

[A] The books of the Association have been audited by a certified public accountant who reports that the receipts have been duly deposited, that all disbursements have been made through numbered voucher checks properly approved, and that the balances given in the records of the Association agree with the balances reported by the banks.

* * * * *

INDEX

JOURNAL OF NEGRO HISTORY

VOLUME VIII

A

_A Negro Pioneer in the West_, 333-335
_Abram Hannibal, the Favorite of Peter the Great_, 359-366
_Africa and the Discovery of America_, review of, 233-238
African Institution, the interest of, in colonization, 168, 169, 170,
178, 182, 200, 204, 215
African Methodist Episcopal Church, organization of, 303
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, the organization of, 303
African slave, the status of, in the colonies, 250, 251
Alabama, the movement of Negroes to, 367, 370, 373, 379-381;
Cotton culture in, 372
Allen, Philip, owner of land near Dartmouth, 155
Allen, Richard, the work of, 51;
anti-colonization meeting in church of, 216
Allen, William, interest of, in African colonization, 174, 182, 186,
189, 195, 200, 201, 205, 206
Alvord, J. W., Assistant Commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau, 13
American Catholic Historical Society, the prize offered by, 351
American Freedmen's Union Commission, 16
_American Magazine_, extract from, 91-92
American Missionary Association, the work of, in South Carolina, 7, 8,
15, 16, 25, 26
Anderson, Joseph, of Montreal, purchase of a slave by, 329
Anderson, Lymus, a teacher of Negroes at Port Royal, 38
André, a Negro, suit of, for freedom, 326, 327
Andrew, Governor, interest of, in Negro education, 35
_Anna Murray-Douglass--My Mother As I Recall Her_, 93-101
Antoine, C. C., sketch of, by W. O. Hart, 84-87;
how he made money, 86
Arkansas, cotton culture in, 372
Arnett, Bishop B. W., the statistics of A. M. E. Church by, 310
Arnold, Thomas, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 184
Arthur, Stanley Cisby, sketch of Isaiah T. Montgomery by, 87-91
Asbury, Bishop, organizer of a mixed Sunday school, 302
Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, proceedings of
the Annual Meeting of, 116-122;
Spring Conference of, 353-357
Auger, Jean-Baptiste, a sale of a slave by, 322
Auguste, Tancrede, a ruler of Haiti, 138
Avery Institute, the establishment of, 19

B

Ba Mangwato, a native in South Africa, 288
Babcock, Colonel, effort of, to annex Santo Domingo, 145
Baganda, the morality of, 286-287, 288, 289;
art of, 291
Bailly, Augustin, a vendor of a slave, 321
Baltimore, Spring Conference in, 353-357;
Negroes in domestic service in, 390;
interest of, in training domestic workers, 399
Baptist Home Mission Society, the work of, 26
Baptists, the efforts of, among the freedmen, 18
Barahona, a plantation in Santo Domingo, 139, 140
Barbadoes, the progress of, 249
Beaufort, South Carolina, Negro schools at, 22, 24, 26
Beauvais, reference to, 286, 289
Bell, J. W., address of, at the annual meeting, 117, 122, 123-127
Benedict, Mrs., the gift of, 26
Benefit of clergy as applied to slaves, 443-447
Bent, reference to, and quotations from, 288, 292, 293, 294
Betty, a Negro servant, one of the first Methodists, 301
Bickel, Beatrice, review of _Das Unbekannte Afrika_ by, 453-458
Bigelow, A. M., a teacher of a Negro school at Aiken, 31
_Biography, Negro_, by P. W. L. Jones, 128-133
Biron, an enemy of Abram Hannibal in Russia, 364
Bishop, Josiah, a preacher in Virginia, 51
Blaney, Mary, the owner of a slave in Montreal, 330
Blyd, Cornelius Winst, the achievements of, in Dutch Guiana, 448-453
Bond, James, participation of, in the annual meeting, 118
_Book of American Negro Poetry, The_, review of, 347-348
Booker, S. S., participation of, in the Spring Conference of the
Association in Baltimore, 353
Border States, the movement of Negroes from, 367-383
Bornu, the kings of, 296;
the rise of, 297
Boston Education Commission, 6
Boston, Negro servants in, 260, 261;
Negroes in domestic service in, 429
Botume, Elizabeth Hyde, a teacher of Negroes in South Carolina, 11
Boutton, Louis Philippe, a sale of slaves by, 322
Bowles, Mrs. Emma Castleman, facts of, on the origin of Wilberforce,
335-337
Boyd, Wm. K., _Benefit of Clergy as applied to Slaves_ by,
443-447
Boyer, a ruler of Haiti, 137
_Boy's Life of Booker T. Washington, A_, review of, 463-464
Bragg, George F., _The History of the Afro-American Group of the
Episcopal Church_ by, 107-109;
remarks of, 355-356
Brass, a Negro held in Virginia, 258-259, 278
British America, the status of the Negro in, 276-277
Breeding of slaves for market, 374
Brooks, John, the purchaser of a slave in Montreal, 329
Brooks, W. H., a prominent Negro minister, 313
Brown, George W., an instructor in history, 115;
_Haiti and the United States_ by, 134-152
Brown, John, a vendor of a slave from Saratoga, 327
Brown, Moses, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 184
Brown, Thomas E., remarks of, 356
Brownell, David, the owner of land at Dartmouth, 154
Bryan, Andrew, a Negro preacher, 50
Bryan, Sampson, a preacher, 50
Bryan, William J., efforts of, to encroach upon Haiti, 143
Bryant, William Cullen, interest of, in freedom, 7
Buffum, a co-worker of Prudence Crandall, 74
Bulkley, Ichabod, an attorney against Prudence Crandall, 78
Bureau of Refugees, establishment of, 3
Bush, W. O., a Negro farmer of fame in the West, 333
Bush, George, a Negro pioneer in the West, 333-335
Butler, B. F., at Fortress Monroe, 2-3
Byrne, William, disposal of slaves by, 329

C

Caesar, a slave sold in Montreal, 327
Campbell, William, the purchase of slaves by, 328
Came, Amable-Jean-Joseph, sale of a slave by, 319
Canada, slavery in, 316-330
Canal, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Canterbury, Connecticut, the people of, arrayed against Prudence
Crandall, 76-80
Capers, Bishop, the missionary work of, 303
Carberry, Daniel, of Montreal, a purchaser of slaves, 329
Cardoza, F. L., an educator of Negroes in South Carolina, 39
Carter, Frank, a teacher of Negroes at Camden, S. C., 38
Carter, E. A., participation of, in the annual meeting, 116
Cary, Lott, a missionary in Africa, 304
Castor, John, a slave owned by Anthony Johnson, a Negro, 259, 278
Chaboille, Sir Charles, a purchaser of slaves, 329
Champlin, G. C., a supporter of Paul Cuffe, 184
Chavigny, Joseph, a vendor of slaves, 322
Channing, Walter, a supporter of Paul Cuffe, 184
Charleston, John, a Negro preacher, 302
Charleston, South Carolina, the Negro schools of, 18, 19, 20, 21,
22-40
Chase, Salmon P., interest of, in the freedmen, 7
Chêne, Mary Josephine, slaves of, by marriage, 329
Chicago, race commission of, 112-114;
Negroes in domestic service in, 390, 422
Chicago Commission on Race Relations, _The Negro in Chicago_ by,
112-114
Christophe, a ruler of Haiti, 136
Cincinnati, the treatment of Negroes in, 331-332
Clair, Bishop Matthew W., recognition of, by Methodists, 315
Claflin University, the establishment of, 26
Clark, Peter H., quotation from, 102-103
Clarkson, Thomas, interest of, in colonization, 168;
efforts of, 195
Clifford, John R., the achievements of, 338-341
Coppin, Mrs. L. J., interest of, in training domestic workers, 399
Coggeshall, John, a supporter of Paul Cuffe, 184
Coker, Daniel, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 185
Collins, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 185
Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, the organization of, 312
Columbia, South Carolina, the Negro schools of, 18, 19, 20, 21
Columbus, Christopher, the discoverer of Haiti and Santo Domingo, 135
Colvis, Joseph, the record of, 132
_Comparative Study of the Bantu and Semi-Bantu Languages, A_, by
Sir Harry H. Johnston, 241-242
Caucasians in domestic service in the United States, 386-387
_Concerning the Origin of Wilberforce_, 335-337
Congregationalists, educational efforts of, 15, 16
Connecticut, Negro servants in, 265-266, 280
"Contraband of War," at Fortress Monroe, 2-3
Cooke, Edward, quotation from letter of Paul Cuffe to, 221
Cotterill, R. S., participation of, in the annual meeting, 118
Cotton, the rise of cotton culture, 370-374;
the price of, 376-378;
output of, 377-378
Cowan, Philip, petition of, for freedom, 279
Cox, a missionary to Africa, 304
Cramahé, Hector-Theophile, purchase of a slave by, 323-324
Crenshaw, David, a mixed Sunday School in the home of, 302
Croder, Josiah, a merchant connected with Paul Cuffe, 203
Cromwell, John W., letter of, 338-341
Cuffe, Paul, early life of, 153-156;
a sea captain, 156-159;
domestic affairs of, 159-161;
protest of, against taxation, 162-166;
a colonizationist, 167-210;
trip of, to England, 174-181;
life of, as a Quaker, 188-194;
death of, 221-223;
the will of, 230-232
Cuffe, John, a brother of Paul Cuffe, 155;
protest of, against taxation, 162-166, 188
Cureux, Louis, purchaser of slaves, 319
Curry, Thomas, a purchaser of slaves in Montreal, 327

D

Daggett, Judge, decision of, in the Prudence Crandall case, 78-80
Daguille, Jacques-François, a vendor of a slave, 322
Damien, Jacques, sale of a slave by, 319
_Das Unbekannte Africa_, review of, 455-458
Dassier, Estienne, sale of slave by, 320
Davis, T. R., _Negro Servitude in the United States_ by, 247-283
Davis, Jefferson, befriended by Isaiah T. Montgomery, 87-91
Dayly, Dennis, vendor of a slave, 324
Deane, Major E. L., work of, under the Freedmen's Bureau, 13
De Chalet, François, the hire of a slave by, 323
De Champigny, Intendant, proposal of, 316
De la Chevrotière, Joseph Chavigny, purchase of an Indian slave by,
321
Decline of border States, 367-383
De Grasse, John V., the example of, 132
De la Tesserie, Joseph, the sale of a Negro by, 318
Delaware, Lord, the orders of, 267-268
Delaware, the movement of Negroes from, 367
Delaware River, status of Negroes along, 262, 263
Delzenne, Ignace-François, purchase of a slave by, 320
Denonville, Governor, proposal of, 316
Dessalines, the emperor of Haiti, 136
Detroit, Negroes in domestic service in, 390, 405
Detweiler, Frederick G., _The Negro Press in the United States_
by, 238-239
De Vitre, Mathieu-Theodore, a purchaser of a slave, 322
Director of the Association, the annual report of, 466-471
Discovery of Gold in California, the result of, 377
Disfranchisement of Negro servants, 272
_Disruption of Virginia, The_, review of, 239-241
District of Columbia, the movement of the Negroes from, 367;
Negroes in domestic service in, 390, 392, 393, 394, 395, 400, 401,
402, 403, 404, 407, 408, 409-413, 414, 415, 419, 425, 426
Dolgorukovs, friends of Abram Hannibal, 363
Dominican Republic, the history of, 135-142
Domingue, a ruler of Haiti, 137
_Domestic service in the United States, Negroes in_, 384-442
Douglass, Frederick, story related by, 54;
his wife, 93-101;
in Ireland, 102-107
Dregis, Emanuel, a Negro servant, 260
Dumoulin, François, of Montreal, a vendor of slaves, 329
Dunière, Louis, sale of slaves by, 319, 320
Dutch frigate, slaves brought to Jamestown in, 249
Dutch law with regard to slavery, 253

E

Edie, Colonel J. R., Assistant Commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau,
13
_Educational Efforts of the Freedmen's Bureau and Freedmen's Aid
Societies in South Carolina, 1862-1872_, 1-40
Edwards, G. A., participation of, in the Spring Conference in
Baltimore, 354, 355
El Bekri, the author of Tarikh-es-Soudan, 296
Elizabeth, Empress, a friend of Abram Hannibal, 364
Elizabeth, Queen, the attitude of, toward slavery, 251, 256
Elkonhead, Jane, the owner of Francis Pryne, 259
Ellsworth, W. W., an attorney for Prudence Crandall, 78
Ely, General, daughters of, teachers of Negroes, 21
Embury, Philip, a meeting of Methodists at the home of, 301
Employment agencies as they concern Negro domestic workers, 436-440
Ethics of Africans, 286-290
Evans, Henry, a pioneer preacher, 51
_Evening Bulletin_ (Philadelphia), extract from, 81-84

F

Farando, Bashasar, a Negro servant, 260
Fay, Thomas, inquiry of, into the affairs of Africa, 207
Featherstonhaugh, quotation from, 375
Fetishism, the religion of Africa, 43-45
Finley, Robert, the correspondence of, with Paul Cuffe, 212-213, 215
Fisher, Miles Mark, an instructor at Virginia Union University, 115
Fisher, Samuel R., proposal of, to establish a Negro school, 206
Flora, a slave sold in Montreal, 327
Forten, Charlotte S., a teacher in South Carolina, 10-11
Forten, James, correspondence of, with Paul Cuffe, 205-206, 207;
attitude of, on colonization, 216, 217
Fouse, W. H., participation of, in the annual meeting, 118, 121
Free Negroes in Baltimore, 94
Free Society of Traders, attitude of, toward freedom, 263
Free Will Baptists, educational efforts of, in South Carolina, 15, 16,
18
Freedmen's Bureau, the work of, in South Carolina, 1-40
Freedmen's Aid Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the schools
of, in South Carolina, 26
_Frederick Douglass in Ireland_, 102-107
French Canada, slavery in, 316-330
Friends, the work of, among freedmen in South Carolina, 27;
interest of, in colonization, 170, 171
Friendly Society of Sierra Leone, the efforts of, 186, 193, 200, 206
Frobenius, Leo, reference to, 286, 287, 295;
_Das Unbekannte Africa_ of, 455-458
Furley, Benjamin, opposition of, to slavery, 263

G

Gainesville, Georgia, occupations of, graduates of schools of, 400
Gannett, W. C., a teacher of Negroes in South Carolina, 8
Garneau, François-Xavier, quotations from, 316, 317
Garrettson, Freeborn, attitude of, toward slavery, 301
Garrison, William Lloyd, interest of, in the freedmen, 7;
letter of Prudence Crandall to, 72;
letter of Frederick Douglass to, 103-107
Gautier, Pierre, purchase of a slave by, 319
Gay, Sydney Howard, in the home of Frederick Douglass, 97
Geaween, John, a Negro servant, 260
Geffrard, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Georgia, restriction upon slavery in, 254-255;
servants in, 279, 280;
movement of Negroes from, 363
Germantown, Friends of, protest of, against slavery, 263
Ghana, the kings of, 296;
the rise of, 296
Gibbons, William, inquiry of, into the affairs of Sierra Leone,
207-208
"Gideonites," the efforts of, 7
Gifford, Enos, owner of land near Dartmouth, 155
Gifford, Isaac, quotation from letter of Paul Cuffe to, 221-222
Gilbert, a settler from Antigua, 301
Gloucester, Duke of, interest of, in colonization, 169, 195
Goddard, Calvin, an attorney for Prudence Crandall, 78
Gold, the discovery of, in California, the effect of, 377
Grant, U. S., effort of, to annex Santo Domingo, 145
Guérin, Danielle Marie-Anne, vendor of a slave, 319
Guerrier, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Guillaume, a ruler of Haiti, 138
Gulf States, migration to, 367-383
Gummere, Amelia Mott, _The Journal of John Woolman_ by, 349-350

H

Haiti, relations of, with the United States, 134-152;
the occupation of, by the United States, 138;
the commercial position of, 148-150
_Haiti and the United States_, by George W. Brown, 134-152
Hale, Edward Everett, interest of, in freedmen, 7
Hammond, Anna Eliza, a pupil of Prudence Crandall, 76;
the arrest of, 76
Hammond, L. H., _In the Vanguard of a Race_ by, 111-112
Hammond, John, of Saratoga, the sale of a slave by, 327-328
Hancock, Gordon B., _Three Elements of African Culture_ by,
284-300
Hannibal, Ivan, a son of Abram Hannibal, 365
Hannibal-Pushkin, Nadejda, the mother of Alexander Pushkin, 365
Hannibal, Ossip, a son of Abram Hannibal, 365
Harris, Sara, a pupil of Prudence Crandall, 73
Harris, William, quotation from letter of Paul Cuffe to, 221
Hart, W. O., sketch of C. C. Antoine by, 84-87
Hartford, interest of, in the training of domestic workers, 399
Hartzell, Bishop J. C., _Methodism and the Negro in the United
States_ by, 301-315
Hawkins, Sir John, the trading of, 251;
argument of, in favor of slavery, 255-256
Hawkins, M. A., participation of, in the Spring Conference of the
Association in Baltimore, 353, 354
Hawkins, John R., address of, in Baltimore, 353-354
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, 145-146
Haynes, Elizabeth Ross, _Negroes in Domestic Service in the United
States_ by, 384-442
Haynes, George E., _The Trend of the Races_ by, 109-111
Health of Negro domestic workers, 432-433
Henrique y Carvajol, Frederico, nomination of, 144
Herard, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Hicks, Mrs. C. M., a teacher of Negroes in South Carolina, 37
Hicks, Jenkins, and Company, merchants connected with Paul Cuffe, 203
Higginson, T. W., quotations from, 55, 56, 57
Hill, L. P., address of, in Baltimore, 356-357
Hilton Head, capture of, 4;
educational efforts at, 5
Hippolyte, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Hipp, George, sale of a slave by, 323
History, the teaching of, 123-127
_History of the Afro-American Group of the Episcopal Church_,
review of, 107-109
_History of the United States since the Civil War, A_,
review of, 458-461
Hodge, LeRoy, a letter of, 343-344
Holly, Bishop Theodore, the lineage of, 454
Hopkins, Charles, a teacher of Negroes in South Carolina, 37-38
Hopkins, Samuel D., interest of, in colonization, 168
Hosier, Harry, a Negro preacher, 49
Howard, Horatio P., the death of, 243;
relation of, to Paul Cuffe, 243;
the will of, 243
Howard, O. O., the head of the Freedmen's Bureau, 13
Howard School, the establishment of, 21
Hume, Naethan, the owner of slaves in Montreal, 330
Hunter, General David, in command in South Carolina, 8
Hunter, William, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 185
Hurst, Bishop John, participation of, in the Spring Conference in
Baltimore, 356
Hutchinson, Samuel, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 184

I

Importation of slaves, restriction on, 252-253, 375
Impostor posing as the relative of Paul Cuffe, 208-210
_In the Vanguard of a Race_, review of, 111-112
Indian slaves in Canada, 320-323
Indianapolis, occupations of graduates of schools of, 400, 401,
405, 434
Ireland, Frederick Douglass in, 102-107
Isabella, the slave of Hector-Theophilie Cramahé, Lieutenant-Governor
of Quebec, 323, 324, 325
Isthmian Canal, the seizure of, 146;
the completion of, 146

J

Jack, a pioneer Negro preacher, 50-51
Jackson, John H., the services of, 132
Jackson, L. P., _Educational Efforts of the Freedmen's Bureau and
Freedmen's Aid Societies in South Carolina, 1862-1872_ by, 1-40;
an instructor at the Virginia Normal and Industrial Institute, 115
Jackson, W. C., _A Boy's Life of Booker T. Washington_ by,
463-464
James, John, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 184;
inquiry of, into the condition of Sierra Leone, 207
James, L. S., address of, in Baltimore, 355
Jamestown, the introduction of slavery at, 249
Jessop, Joseph, visit to, by impostor, 209
Johnson, Anthony, a Negro owner of slaves, 259, 278
Johnson, James Weldon, _The Book of American Negro Poetry_ by,
347-348
Johnson, Richard, a Negro brought to Virginia, 260
Johnston, Sir Harry H., _A Comparative Study of the Bantu and
Semi-Bantu Languages_ by, 241-242
Jones, Absalom, the opposition of, to colonization, 219
Jones, J. McHenry, the services of, 132
Jones, Laurence C., _Piney Woods and Its Story_ by, 346-347
Jones, P. W. L., participation of, in the annual meeting, 117;
_Negro Biography_ by, 128-133
Jones, Bishop R. E., recognition of, by Methodists, 315
Jordan, L. G., participation of, in the annual meeting, 117
_Journal of John Woolman, The_, review of, 349-350
Judson, A. T., an opponent of Prudence Crandall, 75, 76, 77, 78

K

Keith, George, opposition of, to slavery, 263
Kentucky, Colonization Society of, the establishment of, 211;
the culture of tobacco in, 368;
breeding of slaves in, 374
Khama, an honest native of South Africa, 288
Kizell, John, a settler in Sierra Leone, 193

L

Labart, Guillaume, a vendor of slaves, 329
Ladoga Canal Commission, Abram Hannibal a member of, 364
Lane College, the establishment of, 312
La Promenade, Paul, a purchaser of a slave in Montreal, 328
Larger Canal Zone, a reality, 143, 146, 150, 151, 152
Larned, E. D., quotation from, concerning Prudence Crandall, 73
Lecompte Cincinnatus, a ruler of Haiti, 138
Lee, Barnard K., a founder of a school for Negroes, 8
Legitime, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Lepage Louis, a slave in Quebec, 322
Le Pailleur, Charles, a purchaser of a slave in Montreal, 327, 329
Levy, Gershon, owner of André, a Canadian slave, 326
Levy, Solomon, a purchaser of slaves, 327
Lewis, Edmonia, the achievements of, 132
Liberia, part played by Philadelphia in founding, 81-84
Lifland, Abram Hannibal in, 364
Light, George, an early owner of slaves in Virginia, 279
Living conditions of Negro domestic workers, 428-429
Locke, Perry, a minister going to Africa, 198, 201;
interest of, in colonization, 217
London Freedmen's Aid Society, 15, 16
Los Angeles, domestic workers in, 435
Louisiana, the movement of Negroes to, 367, 370, 373, 379, 381;
cotton culture in, 372
Louison, a slave in Canada, 319
Lucas, Charles, a slaveholder in Virginia, 279
Lucas, Sir Charles, _The Partition of Africa_ by, 461-463
Lugard, Lady, quotation from, 294-295, 298-299, 300
Lurker, King, the grandson of, 205

M

McAdam, Hugh, a vendor of slaves in Saratoga, 327
McCoy, L. M., participation of, in the Spring Conference of the
Association in Baltimore, 353
McGill, James, a vendor of slaves, 327
McGregor, James C., _The Disruption of Virginia_ by, 239-241
_McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations, The_, review of, 348-349
McLachlan, R. W., memorandum of, on the sale of slaves, 327
Macaulay, Zachariah, interest of, in colonization, 169-170
Madison, President James, visit to, by Paul Cuffe, 184-185, 186
Mansa Musa, a noble of Ghana, 296
Maryland, early slavery in, 260-261;
treatment of servants in, 268-269, 271, 273, 274-275, 276, 280,
281, 282;
movement of Negroes from, 367, 370;
the culture of tobacco in, 368;
breeding of slaves in, 374, 376
Martin, Governor Simeon, an endorser of Paul Cuffe, 184
Mashonaland, natives of, discussed, 288, 289, 292
Massachusetts, early slavery in, 252, 260, 261, 262;
restrictions on servants in, 272, 273, 280
Mather, Mrs. Rachel C., the establishment of a school by, 26
Matthews, W. B., participation of, in the annual meeting, 117
May, Samuel, a coworker of Prudence Crandall, 74, 75, 76
May, Samuel J., in the home of Frederick Douglass, 97
Mazoe Valley, art in, 294
Meade, Bishop, interest of, in colonization, 217
Melle, a kingdom of Africa, 296
Methodist Churches, early difficulties of the races in, 302
_Methodism and the Negro in the United States_, 301-315
Menshikov, ruler of Russia, 363
Michaels, Myer, of Montreal, a purchaser of slaves, 329
Michigan Freedmen's Relief Association, 15
Migration to the lower South and Southwest, 367-383
Miller, Kelly, address of, in Baltimore, 354
Miller, Thomas E., Ex-Congressman, remarks of, at the Baltimore Spring
Conference, 356
Mills, Samuel J., interest of, in colonization, 213-216
Miner Normal School, the occupation of the graduates of, 400, 401
Minich, Field Marshall, the friend of Abram Hannibal, 364
Minimum wage legislation, 424-425
Missionary efforts in the South, the success of, 304-305
Mississippi, the movement of Negroes to, 367, 373, 380, 379-381;
cotton culture in, 372
Missouri, the culture of tobacco in, 368;
breeding of slaves in, 374
Mole St. Nicholas, a prospective naval base, 143
Mona Passage, the, significance of, 148-150
Monroe Doctrine as it concerns Haiti and Santo Domingo, 135, 143, 144,
145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150
Montgomery, Isaiah T., sketch of, 87-91
Monsaige, Jean, purchase of a slave by, 319
Morality of Africans, 286-291
Morgan, Peter G., the record of, 341-344
Morisseaux, Marie-Josephe, sale of a slave by, 322
Morrison, James, a vendor of a slave in Montreal, 327, 328-329
Morse, Dr. Jedekiah, inquiry of, into the affairs of Africa, 206
Morse, P. A., quotations from, 372
Moses, Ruth, an Indian girl, marriage of, to Cuffe Slocum, 154
Mossell, Mrs. N. F., remarks of, 355
Mtokoland, natives of, discussed, 294
Munro, Abby D., a teacher of Negroes in South Carolina, 27
Murray, Ella Spencer, remarks of, 356

N

Napier, Peter, the purchase of a slave called Isabella by, 324
Nat Turner's Insurrection, the results of, 375-376
Nassingh, Phillip Peter, employer of York Thomas, in Montreal, 330
_Negro Biography_, by P. W. L. Jones, 128-133
Negro folklore, interest in, 470
_Negro in Chicago, The_, review of, 112-114
_Negroes in Domestic Service in the United States_, 384-442
_Negro Pioneer in the West, A_, 333-335
_Negro Press in the United States, The_, review of, 238-239
_Negro Servitude in the United States_, 247-283
Neide, Major Horace, work of, under the Freedmen's Bureau, 13
Neptune, a Negro slave of the estate of De Beauvais, 323
New England Freedmen's Aid Society, 6, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
22, 23
New Jersey, memorial of citizens of, with respect to colonization, 212
New Netherlands, status of slaves in, 262-263
New York, the status of the slave in, 253, 262-263, 280;
laws of, with respect to Negro schools, 344-345
New York National Freedmen's Relief Association, 6, 15, 16, 17, 18,
19, 20, 21, 22, 23
New York City, Negroes in domestic service in, 390, 391, 398, 406,
407, 418, 419, 420, 421, 427, 428
Nieboer, definition of _slave_ by, 266
Nicolas, the sale of, 318
Nonomapata, a dynasty in Africa, 297
Nord, Alexis, a ruler of Haiti, 137-138
Normandin, Jean-Baptiste, a vendor of a slave, 321-322
North Carolina, early slavery in, 251-252, 260;
treatment of Negro servants in, 271, 273, 279, 280, 281;
the movement of Negroes from, 367, 374
Northern Methodist, the attitude of, toward slavery, 303, 304, 305,
306, 307, 311;
statistics of, 309, 312;
missionary work of, after the _Civil War_, 312-313;
schools established by, 313-314;
recognition given Negroes by, 314
_Notes on the Slave in Nouvelle France_, 316-330

O

Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxon, _A History of the United States since the
Civil War_ by, 458, 461
O'Connell, Pezavia, participation of, in the Spring Conference of the
Association in Baltimore, 353, 354
Old Fort Plantation School, the establishment of, 11-12
Oreste, Michel, a ruler of Haiti, 138
Organizations of domestic workers, 435-436
Orleans, Duke of, proposal of, to Abram Hannibal, 362
Orr, Governor, interest of, in the uplift of Negroes in South
Carolina, 32
Otis, James, quotation from, 249
Overton, C. B., an assistant in research, 468

P

Palapwe, an objective of Bent in South Africa, 288
Palmer, Alice Freeman, interest of, in training for domestic service,
398
Panama Canal, the building of, 143, 145, 146;
the influence of, 145, 146, 147, 148
"Panis," Indian slaves among the French, 320-323
Parent, Louis, the petition of, 323
Paris, Abram Hannibal educated at, 361, 362
Park, Dr. R. E., quotation from, 45-46
Parker, Robert, a friend of John Castor, 278
Parry, Albert, _Abram Hannibal, the Favorite of Peter the Great_
by, 359-366
_Partition of Africa, The_, a review of, 461-463
_Paul Cuffe_, by H. N. Sherwood, 153-229
Péan, Hugues Jacques, sale of an Indian slave by, 321
Pécaudy, Claude, purchase of a slave by, 319
Peck, Solomon, a teacher of Negroes in South Carolina, 8, 26
Pemberton, James, interest of, in African colonization, 169
Penn, William, in colonization dialogue, 218-220
Penn's Charter, with respect to slavery, 263
Pennington, J. W. C., the scholarship of, 132
Pennsylvania, early slavery in, 252, 262, 263;
Negro servants in, 263, 264, 276, 279, 280, 281;
value of lands of, compared, 370
Penn Normal and Agricultural Institute, the establishment of, 11
Pennsylvania Freedmen's Relief Association, 6
Perry, Heman E., sketch of, 91-92
Peter the Great, the favorite of, 359-366
Peter II, ruler of Russia, 363;
Abram Hannibal, the instructor of, 363
"Peter's Negro," 359-366
Petion, a ruler of Haiti, 136-137
Philadelphia, the part of, in establishing Liberia, 81-84;
Negroes in domestic service in, 390, 393, 398, 399, 414, 416, 418
Phillips, Wendell, in the home of Frederick Douglass, 97
Philleo, Rev. Calvin, the husband of Prudence Crandall, 80
Pierrot, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Pickens, William, address of, in Baltimore, 357
Pierce, E. L., efforts of, in South Carolina, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Pierre, a slave sold in Canada, 320
Pinchback, P. B. S., partner of C. C. Antoine, 86-87
_Piney Woods and its Story_, review of, 346-347
Pioneer Negro, in the West, 333-335
Pitman, Thomas G., a supporter of Paul Cuffe, 184
Planters, migration of, from the border States, 367-383
Porter, Admiral, effort of, to lease Samaná Bay, 145
Porter, Rev. A. Tomer, the work of, among the freedmen, 27, 32
Port Royal, the education of Negroes at, 8, 9, 10, 11, 25, 26, 28, 32
Port Royal Experiment, the, 4-12
Port Royal Relief Committee, 6
Preobrajensky Guard-regiment, Abram Hannibal an officer in, 362
Presbyterian Church, the efforts of, to educate Negroes, 27
_Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of Association for the Study of
Negro Life and History_, 116-122;
of the Spring Conference, 353-357
Protest against slavery, 333
Protestant Episcopal Freedmen's Commission, the efforts of, in South
Carolina, 27
Providence, attitude of, toward slavery, 261;
interest of citizens of, in domestic service training, 399
_Prudence Crandall_, by G. Smith Wormley, 72-80
Punch, John, a Negro servant in Virginia, 282
Pushkin, Alexander, references of, to his grandfather, 359, 360,
361, 362
Pryne, Francis, a slave freed in Virginia, 259

Q

Quebec, slavery in, 316-330

R

Ragusinsky Savva, gift of Abram Hannibal to Peter the Great by, 360
Rathbone, William and Richard, merchants connected with Paul Cuffe,
203
Rathbone Hodgson Company in communication with Paul Cuffe, 205
Réaume, Charles, a vendor of slaves, 315
Reed, E. E., participation of, in the annual meeting, 116
Reed, James, a colonizationist in Sierra Leone, 182
Reed, Lieut. Col. William N., services of, 131
_Religion of the American Negro Slave: His Attitude toward Life and
Death_, 40-71
Research, the results of, 468-470
Reval, Abram Hannibal the commandant of, 364
Rhode Island, Negro servitude in, 264-265, 280
Rhodes, James F., _The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations_
by, 348-349
Richards, Ellen H., the experiment of, 398
Riché, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Riddell, William Renwick, _Notes on the Slave in Nouvelle France_
by, 316-330
Rights of Negro servants, 271, 272
Rigot, Jean, a vendor of a slave, 329
Ripley, quotation from, 299-300
Robbins, Amasa, an attorney employed by Paul Cuffe, 184
Robert Gould Shaw School, the establishment of, 19-20
Rogers, Joel, quotation from letter of Paul Cuffe to, 222
Roman, C. V., address of, at the annual meeting, 122
Romana, La, a plantation in Santo Domingo, 138, 139, 140
Roscoe, references to, 287, 288, 290, 291, 292
Roth, William, a letter of, quoted, 193;
interest of, in Paul Cuffe, 199, 203, 208, 224
Rotch, William, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 184
Rubin, a faithful slave of John Young in Canada, 325
Ruggles, David, the record of, 132
Russell, James S., letters of, 341-344
Russell, H. C., participation of, in the annual meeting, 121
Russell, J. H., quotations from, 258, 259, 260
Rust, R. S., a president of the original Wilberforce, 308
Rutherford, S. W., remarks of, at the Baltimore Spring Conference, 356

S

Saget, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Salnave, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Salomon, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Sam, a ruler of Haiti, 137
Samaná Bay, the desire of the United States for, 145
Santo Domingo, a brief account of, 138-142
Sara, a slave from Saratoga, sold in Canada, 327
Saxton, Major Rufus, work of, among the freedmen, 8, 9;
Assistant Commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau, 13
Schism in the Churches of the United States, 303, 304, 305, 306
Schofield, Martha, efforts of, for the uplift of Negroes, 27
Scott, Bishop I. B., mission of, to Africa, 314
Scott, General R. K., Assistant Commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau,
13
Secretary-Treasurer, financial statement of, 466
Selenginsk, the flight of Abram Hannibal from, 363
Servitude distinguished from slavery, 247-260
Sewall, Judge, work of, against slavery, 262
Seward, F. W., efforts of, to secure Samaná Bay, 145
Sharp, Granville, interest of, in colonization, 168
Shaw, Francis G., interest of, in the freedmen, 7
Sherman, T. W., operations of, in South Carolina, 3
Sherman, W. T., field order of, 35-36
Sherbro, proposal to purchase land there, 208
Sherwood, H. N., _Paul Cuffe_ by, 153-229
Sierra Leone, an objective of colonizationists, 168, 169, 182, 189
Slavery in the United States distinguished from servitude, 247-260;
slavery in England, 250, 251;
protest against, in the colonies, 333
Slocum, Cuffe, ancestor of Paul Cuffe, 153, 154
Slocum, Ebenezer, the owner of Paul Cuffe's ancestor, 153
Slocum, Ruth, the wife of Cuffe Slocum, the death of, 155
Smith, A. H., the retirement of, from the service of the Association,
351, 471
Smith, Georgine Kelly, participation of, in the Spring Conference of
the Association in Baltimore, 353
Social life of Negro domestic workers, 434
Songhay, the civilization of, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300
Soudan, the governments of, 295-300
Soulouque, a ruler of Haiti, 137
South, the movement of Negroes in, 367-383
South Carolina, refugees in, 1-6;
education in, 1-40;
early slavery in, 252, 280;
missionary work in, 302, 304;
of Negroes from, 368
Southern Methodists supreme over slavery, 306, 307, 308
Southwest, the movement of Negroes to, 367-383
Sowle, Jonathan, an owner of land near Dartmouth, 155
Spanish explorers, Negroes with, 249
Spencer, J. O., address of, in Baltimore, 353, 354
Spingarn, A. B., a letter of, 344-345
Sprague, Rosetta Douglass, _Anna Murray-Douglass--My Mother as I
Recall Her_ by, 93-101
Spring Conference of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and
History, the proceedings of, 353-357
Springfield, Massachusetts, occupations of Negroes in, 405
St. Helena, Negro school at, 11
St. Louis, Negroes in domestic service in, 393-394
St. Petersburg-Moscow Canal, the plan for, submitted by Abram
Hannibal, 365
Steward, T. G., extracts from _The Friend_ supplied by, 331-333;
a letter from, 453
Steward, W. H., participation of, in the annual meeting, 116
Stiles, Ezra, interest of, in colonization, 168
Stiles, Joshua, a vendor of slaves in Montreal, 329
Stoll, C. C., address of, at the annual meeting, 117
Strong, Henry, an attorney for Prudence Crandall, 78
Strouds, Giles, a sale of slaves by, 322
Sullivan, John, the purchaser of a slave in Montreal, 330
Sumner, Charles, quotation from, 262
Sumner High School, St. Louis, the occupations of the graduates of,
400
Survance, Antony, a native of Senegal, 199
Swedish Company, ordinance of, with respect to slavery, 263

T

Taber, Judge Constant, a supporter of Paul Cuffe, 184
Taber, Philip, a minister known to the Cuffes, 154
Tappan, Arthur, a supporter of Prudence Crandall, 78
_Tarikh-es-Soudan_, the author of, 296
Taylor, A. A., _The Movement of Negroes from the East to the Gulf
States from 1830 to 1850_ by, 367-383;
a permanently employed investigator of the Association, 465, 469
Tennessee, the culture of tobacco in, 368;
breeding slaves in, 374
_Teaching of Negro History, The_, by J. W. Bell, 123-127
Texas, admission of, stimulus to slave trade, 377
_The Friend_, extracts from, 331-333
_The Item_ (New Orleans), extract from, 87-91
_The Movement of Negroes from the East to the Gulf States from 1830
to 1850_, by A. A. Taylor, 367-383
_The States_ (New Orleans), extract from, 84-87
Thérèse, an Indian slave girl in Quebec, 321
Thomas, York, a Negro serving under an indenture, 330
Thompson, A. Eugene, participation of, in the annual meeting, 116
Thornton, William, interest of, in colonization, 168
_Three Elements of African Culture_, 284-300
Tillinghast, reference to, 286, 289
Tobacco, the production of, from 1830 to 1850, 368-369
Todd, Andrew, a purchaser of a slave, 329
Tomlinson, Reuben, work of, under the Freedmen's Bureau, 13;
Assistant Commissioner, 13;
report of, 34
Tomsk, the service of Abram Hannibal at, 363
Towne, Laura M., a teacher of Negroes in South Carolina, 11
Training of domestic service workers in England, 397;
in the United States, 398-404
Transition from white servitude to slavery, 266-276;
from Negro servitude to Negro slavery, 277-283
Treatment of Negroes in Ohio, 331-332
_Trend of the Races, The_, review of, 109-111
Turner, John, a vendor of a slave in Montreal, 329
Turner, George, a soldier, the owner of a slave in Canada, 330
Tyson, Elisha, a friend of Paul Cuffe, 185

U

Union American Methodist Episcopal Church organized, 303
Union Humane Society, the establishment of, 211
United States in the Larger Canal Zone, 145-146

V

Vallée, Jean Baptiste, a sale of slaves by, 322
Vase, John, an attorney employed by Paul Cuffe, 184
Vederique, François, purchase of a Negro by, 318
Venture, Thomas, the owner of a slave called Isabella, 324
Vernon, I., a supporter of Paul Cuffe, 184
Virginia, memorial of legislature of, 212;
introduction of slavery in, 251, 254;
Negro servants in, 256-260, 267;
treatment of Negro servants in, 269, 270, 271, 272, 274, 275, 276,
278, 280, 282;
movement of Negroes from, 367, 370, 374;
tobacco culture in, 368, 369;
breeding of slaves in, 374, 376
Von Sheberg, Christina Regina, the wife of Abram Hannibal, 364

W