Chapter V: Metallic Compounds 32

Alkalis.—Potassium Compounds—Potassium Carbonate
—Potassium Hydroxide—Potassium Nitrate—Potassium
Bitartrate—Potassium Bichromate—Potassium Sodium
Chromate—Chrome Alum—Potassium Ferrocyanide
—Potassium Ferricyanide—Sodium Salts—Sodium
Carbonate—Sodium Hydroxide—Sodium Thiosulphate
—Sodium Chloride—Salts of the Alkaline Earth Metals.
Calcium Compounds.—Calcium Oxide—Calcium Hydroxide
—Calcium Carbonate—Calcium Sulphate—Calcium Phosphate
—Magnesium Carbonate—Barium Compounds—Barium Chloride.
Aluminium Compounds—Aluminium Sulphate.
The Alums.—Potassium Aluminium Alum—Roman Alum—Soda
Alum—Ammonia Alum—Alumina and Hydrate of Alumina.
Compounds of the Heavy Metals.—Zinc Compounds—Cadmium
Compounds—Iron Compounds—Ferrous Sulphate—Ferrous
Chloride—Manganese Compounds—Nickel Compounds—Cobalt
Compounds—Chromium Compounds—Molybdenum, Tungsten and
Vanadium Compounds—Antimony Compounds—Bismuth Compounds
—Tin Compounds—Arsenic Compounds—Lead Compounds
—Lead Sulphate—Lead Nitrate—Lead Acetate—Basic Lead
Acetate—Lead Chloride—Copper Compounds—Copper Sulphate
—Copper Nitrate—Copper Acetate—Mercury Compounds
—Mercurous Nitrate—Mercuric Nitrate—Mercurous Chloride
—Mercuric Chloride—Silver Compounds—Gold Compounds.

CHAPTER VI. THE MANUFACTURE OF MINERAL PIGMENTS 71
White Mineral Pigments—White Lead.

CHAPTER VII. THE MANUFACTURE OF WHITE LEAD 77
Manufacture of White Lead from Metallic Lead.—Dutch
Process: Casting the Lead into Sheets—Building
up the Stacks—Removal and Grinding of the White
Lead—White Lead Mills—Hard White Lead—Soft White
Lead.—German Process.—French Process: Preparation
of the Solution of Basic Lead Acetate—Preparation
of the Carbonic Acid and Precipitation of the White
Lead—Manufacture of White Lead by Means of Natural
Carbonic Acid.—English Process.—Other Methods.
—Oxychloride White Lead: Lead Sulphite—Lewis
& Bartlett’s White Lead Pigment.—White Lead
-Antimony Pigments: Lead Antimonite—Lead Antimonate.

CHAPTER VIII. ENAMEL WHITE 116
Lithopone.

CHAPTER IX. WASHING APPARATUS 120
Filter Presses.

CHAPTER X. ZINC WHITE 126
Griffith’s Zinc White—Tungsten White—White Antimony
Pigments: Antimony Trioxide—Antimony Oxychloride
—Bismuth White—Tin White—Manganese White
—Magnesia White or Mineral White—Annaline.

CHAPTER XI. YELLOW MINERAL PIGMENTS 133

CHAPTER XII. CHROME YELLOWS 134
Lead Chrome Yellow—Preparation of the Lead Solution
—Precipitation of the Chrome Yellow
—The Pale Chrome Yellows.

CHAPTER XIII. LEAD OXIDE PIGMENTS 143
Red Lead, Minium.

CHAPTER XIV. OTHER YELLOW PIGMENTS 148
Cassel Yellow—Montpellier Yellow—Turner’s Yellow
or English Yellow—Naples Yellow—Antimony Yellow
—Calcium Chrome Yellow—Barium Yellow, Yellow
Ultramarine or Permanent Yellow—Zinc Chrome Yellow
—Cadmium Chrome Yellow—Cadmium Yellow—Lead Iodide
—Mars Yellow—Siderin Yellow—Aureolin—Tungsten
Yellow—Nickel Yellow—Mercury Yellow or Turpeth
Mineral—Yellow Arsenic Pigments—Lead Arsenite
—Thallium Pigments.

CHAPTER XV. MOSAIC GOLD 160
Chrysean.

CHAPTER XVI. RED MINERAL PIGMENTS 163
Vermilion—Black Mercuric Sulphide—Red Mercuric Sulphide.

CHAPTER XVII. THE MANUFACTURE OF VERMILION 166
Dry Method: Chinese Vermilion.—Wet Method:
Firmenich’s Method—Liebig’s Process—Infusible
White Precipitate—Electrolytic Process
—Mercuric Iodide.

CHAPTER XVIII. ANTIMONY VERMILION 178
Appendix—Antimony Blue.

CHAPTER XIX. FERRIC OXIDE PIGMENTS 180
Vogel’s Iron Red—Macay’s English Red—Indian Red.

CHAPTER XX. OTHER RED MINERAL PIGMENTS 186
Chrome Red or Chrome Vermilion—Cobalt Red—Cobalt
Magnesia Red—Cobalt Arsenate—Chromium Stannate
—Silver Chromate.

CHAPTER XXI. PURPLE OF CASSIUS 190
Magnesia Gold Purple—Alumina Gold Purple.

CHAPTER XXII. BLUE MINERAL PIGMENTS—IRON-CYANOGEN PIGMENTS 194
Chinese Blue—Prussian Blue—Mineral Blue—Soluble
Prussian Blue—Special Processes for the
Manufacture of Chinese Blue—Turnbull’s Blue
—Antwerp Blue.

CHAPTER XXIII. ULTRAMARINE 204

CHAPTER XXIV. THE MANUFACTURE OF ULTRAMARINE 211
Preparation of Mixtures for Ultramarine—Ultramarine
Violet—Chlorine and Steam Process—Hydrochloric
Acid and Air Process—Ammonium Chloride Process
—Pale Blue Ultramarine—Ultramarine Red.

CHAPTER XXV. BLUE COPPER PIGMENTS 226
Bremen Blue and Green—Neuberg Blue—Lime Blue
—Payen’s Mountain Blue—Oil Blue—Copper Hydroxide.

CHAPTER XXVI. BLUE COBALT PIGMENTS 230
Cobalt Blue, Thénard’s Blue, Cobalt Ultramarine,
King’s Blue, Leyden Blue—Cæruleum—Cobalt
Zinc Phosphate.

CHAPTER XXVII. SMALTS 233
Preparation of the Charge—Fusion of the Charge
—Grinding the Fused Mass—Tungsten Blue
—Tessié du Motay’s Blue—Molybdenum Blue.

CHAPTER XXVIII. GREEN MINERAL PIGMENTS—GREEN COPPER PIGMENTS 240
Green Copper Pigments: Copper Carbonate—Copper Arsenite
—Scheele’s Green—Swedish Green—Brunswick Green
—Green Verditer—Neuwied Green—Copper Oxychloride.

CHAPTER XXIX. EMERALD GREEN 244
Manufacture of Emerald Green from Verdigris—Manufacture
of Emerald Green from Copper Sulphate—Mitis
Green or Vienna Green—Copper Stannate—Kuhlmann’s
Green—Elsner’s Green—Casselmann’s Green—Lime
Green—Patent Green—Copper Borate—Copper Silicate
(Egyptian Blue).

CHAPTER XXX. VERDIGRIS 252
Blue Verdigris—Distilled or Crystallised Verdigris
—German Verdigris.

CHAPTER XXXI. CHROMIUM OXIDE 260
Chrome Green.

CHAPTER XXXII. OTHER GREEN CHROMIUM PIGMENTS 264
Guignet’s Green—Emerald Green—Chrome Green Lake
—Turkish Green—Leaf Green.—Chromium Phosphate
Pigments: Arnaudan’s Green—Plessy’s Green
—Schnitzer’s Green—Chromaventurine—Chrome
Blue (Garnier).

CHAPTER XXXIII. GREEN COBALT PIGMENTS 268
Cobalt Green.

CHAPTER XXXIV. GREEN MANGANESE PIGMENTS 270
Manganese Green—Rosenstiehl’s Green—Böttger’s Barium
Green—Manganous Oxide—Manganese Blue.

CHAPTER XXXV. COMPOUNDED GREEN PIGMENTS 273
Chrome Green—Elsner’s Chrome Green—Silk Green
—Natural Green—Non-arsenical Green.

CHAPTER XXXVI. VIOLET MINERAL PIGMENTS 276
Chromic Chloride—Manganese Violet—Tin Violet,
Mineral Lake—Copper Violet, Guyard’s Violet.

CHAPTER XXXVII. BROWN MINERAL PIGMENTS 279
Lead Brown—Manganese Brown—Pyrolusite Brown
—Prussian Brown—Iron Brown—Copper Brown
—Chrome Brown—Cobalt Brown.

CHAPTER XXXVIII. BROWN DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS 283
Humins—Bistre.

CHAPTER XXXIX. BLACK PIGMENTS 285
Charcoal Blacks: True Charcoal Black—Vine Black
—Vine Black from Wine Lees—Vine Black from
Pressed Grapes—Bone Black or Ivory Black.

CHAPTER XL. MANUFACTURE OF SOOT PIGMENTS 294
The Manufacture of Soot Blacks on the Large Scale.

CHAPTER XLI. MANUFACTURE OF LAMP BLACK 307
Calcination of the Soot—Pine Black.

CHAPTER XLII. THE MANUFACTURE OF SOOT BLACK WITHOUT CHAMBERS 313

CHAPTER XLIII. INDIAN INK 316
Neutral Tint Black—Appendix: Black Mineral Pigments
—Chrome Copper Black—Chrome Black.

CHAPTER XLIV. ENAMEL COLOURS 319
White Enamels—Coloured Enamels: Yellow Enamels—Red
Enamel—Blue Enamels—Green Enamel—Violet Enamel
—Black Enamel.

CHAPTER XLV. METALLIC PIGMENTS 326
Shell-Gold—Shell-Silver—Imitation Silver.

CHAPTER XLVI. BRONZE PIGMENTS 329
Electrolytic Copper Bronze—Tungsten Bronze Pigments.

CHAPTER XLVII. VEGETABLE BRONZE PIGMENTS 339
Appendix: The Brocade Pigments.

PIGMENTS OF ORGANIC ORIGIN.

CHAPTER XLVIII. LAKES 343

CHAPTER XLIX. YELLOW LAKES 348
Dutch Pink—Weld Lake—Gamboge Lake—Prepared
Gamboge—Fustic Lake—Quercitron Lake—Purree
or Indian Yellow—The Colouring Matter of
Saffron—Colouring Matter of Gardinia Grandiflora.

CHAPTER L. RED LAKES 354
Cochineal and Carmine

CHAPTER LI. THE MANUFACTURE OF CARMINE 357
Cenette’s Method—Munich, Vienna, Paris or Florentine
Lake—Ammonia-Cochineal.

CHAPTER LII. THE COLOURING MATTER OF LAC 363
Lac Dye.

CHAPTER LIII. SAFFLOWER OR CARTHAMINE RED 366
Safflower Carmine—Alkanet.

CHAPTER LIV. MADDER AND ITS COLOURING MATTERS 370
Garancin—Garanceux—Madder Extract—The Constituents
of Madder.

CHAPTER LV. MADDER LAKES 375
Madder Carmine.

CHAPTER LVI. MANJIT (INDIAN MADDER) 378
Chica Red, Curucuru, Carajuru—Bigonia Chica.

CHAPTER LVII. LICHEN COLOURING MATTERS 380
Archil—French Purple—Cudbear—Litmus.

CHAPTER LVIII. RED WOOD LAKES 384

CHAPTER LIX. THE COLOURING MATTERS OF SANDALWOOD
AND OTHER DYE-WOODS 388

CHAPTER LX. BLUE LAKES 390
Indigo—The Constituents of Indigo.

CHAPTER LXI. INDIGO CARMINE 394
Indigo Mills—Blue Lake.

CHAPTER LXII. THE COLOURING MATTER OF LOGWOOD 398
Logwood Extract—Kohlrausch’s Process for Obtaining
Concentrated Extracts of Colouring Matters
and Tannins.

CHAPTER LXIII. GREEN LAKES 409
Chlorophyll—Sap Green—Chinese Green, Lokao
—Charvin’s Green.

CHAPTER LXIV. BROWN ORGANIC PIGMENTS 414
Asphaltum—Sepia.

CHAPTER LXV. SAP COLOURS 416

CHAPTER LXVI. WATER COLOURS 419
Moist Water Colours.

CHAPTER LXVII. CRAYONS 423
Crayons for Earthenware.

CHAPTER LXVIII. CONFECTIONERY COLOURS 427

CHAPTER LXIX. THE PREPARATION OF PIGMENTS FOR PAINTING 429
Paint Mills.

CHAPTER LXX. THE EXAMINATION OP PIGMENTS 434
Mineral Pigments—Examination with the Blowpipe
—Reactions of the White Pigments—Reactions
of the Yellow Pigments—Reactions of the Red
Pigments—Reactions of the Blue Pigments
—Reactions of the Green Pigments—Reactions
of the Brown Pigments—Reactions of the Black
Pigments.

CHAPTER LXXI. EXAMINATION OF LAKES 445
Reactions of the Organic Colouring Matters.

CHAPTER LXXII. THE TESTING OF DYE-WOODS 449
The Colorimeter.

CHAPTER LXXIII. THE DESIGN OF A COLOUR WORKS 457

CHAPTER LXXIV. COMMERCIAL NAMES OF PIGMENTS 460

APPENDIX.

THE CONVERSION OF METRIC INTO ENGLISH WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
—CENTIGRADE AND FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETER SCALES 469

INDEX.