Chapter XXIX: Appendix: II (3)

Maryland, Commonwealth of, 9;
legislation on slavery, 48;
Martin's letter to legislature, 49, 50;
laws of, in District of Columbia, 51;
domestic slave trade, 57, 58;
relation to Cumberland road, 116;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817, 118;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822, 119, 120;
in election of 1828, 163, 164;
tax on Bank of the United States, 194;
decision on the tax, 195;
relation to slavery in District of Columbia, 253;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

Mason, James Murray,
reads Calhoun's speech, 358;
on Committee of Thirteen, 360

Mason, Jeremiah, in Bank trouble, 191

Mason, John Young,
calls yeas and nays, 253;
yields to Adams, 253;
the Ostend manifesto, 408

Mason, Jonathan, voting, 73

Mason and Dixon's Line, 163

Massachusetts, Commonwealth of, 13;
slavery recognized, 41;
slave laws, 46;
substantial abolition of slavery, 48;
separation of Maine, 76 _et seq._;
as a type, 86;
as to citizenship law, 99;
attitude to tariff bill of 1823, 111;
and to that of 1824, 114;
attitude toward tariff of 1824, 115;
attitude toward tariff bill of 1827, 158;
abolition petition in House, 255;
laws on jails, 370;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399;
legislature grants charter to Thayer's society, 409

Matamoras,
concentration of Mexican troops at, 328;
approach of Taylor, 329;
occupied by Taylor, 331

Maurepas, Lake, 21, 23

May, Samuel Joseph, the "Jerry rescue," 374

Maysville road bill,
passed, 167;
vetoed, 167, 168;
vote on vetoed bill, 168;
analysis of vote, 168

Mellen, Prentiss, position on Maine-Missouri bill, 83

Mexico,
as to Congress of Verona, 124;
treaty of 1825 with Colombia, 147;
revolts from Spain, 291;
the Austin grant, 291;
establishment of federal government, 291;
Bustamente's decree on immigration, 291;
refuses to sell any Texan territory, 292;
overthrow of federal government, 292;
possibility of complications with, 296;
minister leaves Washington, 298, 299;
demand by Ellis, 299;
full satisfaction refused, 299;
impossibility of regaining Texas, 300;
diplomatic relations with United States resumed, 301;
the claims commission, 301, 302;
Great Britain as mediator between Mexico and Texas, 304;
threatens war on United States, 305;
claims Texans are still rebels, 305;
Benton's criticism of the Texas treaty, 308;
relation of war to election of Polk, 320;
threatens war, 320;
Tyler's message of 1844, 320, 321;
makes annexation of Mexico a casus belli, 327;
envoy leaves Washington, 327;
Slidell's mission, 327, 328;
governments of Herrera and Paredes, 328;
gathering of forces at Matamoras, 328;
position of Mexico with reference to Texan boundary, 328;
war with United States, 329-334;
title between Nueces and Rio Grande, 330, 331;
persistence of the Government, 332;
Santa Anna again in control, 332;
Polk's message of August 6, 1846, 334, 335;
McKay's bill and the Wilmot proviso, 335-337;
Polk's message of December, 1846, 335;
the First embassy, 337;
rejection of proposals, 337;
the Mexican offer, 337;
war resumed, 337, 338;
treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 338;
result of treaty with, 339;
proposal as to Mexican acquisitions, 341, 342, 349, 350;
views of Berrien and Webster as to slavery in Mexican acquisitions,
351, 352;
Foote's bill, 354;
problem of Texan boundary, 354, 355;
Clay's plan, 356;
opposition of Southerners, 356;
attitude of abolitionists, 357;
relation of Mexican acquisition to slavery, 408

Mexico, City of, captured, 338

Mexico, Gulf of, 20, 21, 297, 307, 337, 363

Michigan, Commonwealth of, 290;
electoral vote in 1844, 320;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399;
early Republican party in, 418

Mississippi, Commonwealth of,
created with slavery, 62, 63;
legislature calls Nashville convention, 375;
convention in, 375;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

Mississippi River, the, 21, 22, 38, 66, 78, 290, 381

Missouri, Commonwealth of, 33;
creation, 61-107;
significance of the circumstance, 65;
petition for erection, 66;
memorial for erection, 66;
the Tallmadge amendment, 66-73;
bill for erection passed by House, 73;
bill passes Senate without Tallmadge amendment, 74;
disagreement, 74;
question again presented, 74, 75;
Taylor's plan, 75, 76, 78;
Storrs's plan, 78;
Taylor's motion and argument on it, 78 _et seq._;
Holmes's speech, 80, 81;
McLane's speech, 81, 82;
memorial for admission referred, 82;
connection with Maine bill, 82, 83, 87;
argument of Pinkney, 84-86;
motion of Thomas, 84, 87, 88;
amended bill carried in Senate, 88;
House disagrees, 88;
agreement of conference committee, 88, 89;
report accepted, 89;
bill signed by President, 89;
consideration of the results, 90-95;
proposed constitution before Congress, 95;
the Lowndes bill, 95, 96;
opposition of Sergeant, 96, 97;
consideration of the situation, 97, 98, 99;
defeat of Lowndes bill, 99;
Smith bill passes Senate, 99;
tabled by House, 99;
efforts of Eustis, 100;
Clay's plan, 100;
report of Committee of Thirteen, 100, 101;
plan defeated, 101;
opposition of Tomlinson, 101;
conference committee and its report, 101, 102;
report attached, 102;
resolution passed, 102, 103;
effects of the compromise, 103-107;
decision brings slavery into national politics, 108;
attitude toward tariff of 1824, 115;
attitude toward tariff bill of 1827, 158;
relation to tariff of 1832, 188;
admitted as Commonwealth, 289;
line of compromise in Burt's amendment, 341, and in Douglas's
amendment, 347;
the compromise in connection with the Oregon bill, 348;
views as to slavery policy, 378;
bill to organize territory west of, 381;
Atchison's objection to such organization, 382;
Dixon and the repeal of the Compromise, 387, 388;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399;
misrepresentations as to Emigrant Aid Company, 411;
the "border ruffians," 411, 412;
attitude to slavery in Kansas, 412;
influence of Atchison, 412, 413;
"Platte County Self-defensive Association," 414, 415;
claimants to site of Lawrence, Kansas, 415, 416;
interference in election of Whitfield in Kansas, 416, 417;
relation of Missouri Compromise and Republican party, 417, 418;
effect on Republican party of Missourian interference in Kansas,
418;
organization in "Blue Lodges," 419;
interference in Kansas Territorial election, 419, 420;
Kansas legislature at Shawnee Mission, 423;
Robinson's declaration as to slavery in, 424;
Missourians summoned by Sheriff Jones, 429;
Missourians on the Wakarusa, 429;
attitude of Shannon toward Missourians, 430;
influenced by Atchison to withdraw, 430, 431;
claims of intended invasion, 431, 432;
preparation for further invasion, 435, 436;
volunteers under Pate, 441;
dispersal of volunteers under Whitfield in Kansas, 441, 442;
import of Woodson's accession to power, 444;
Missourians on Bull Creek and at Ossawattomie, 445;
new invasion of Kansas, 446;
forced to retire by United States troops, 446, 447;
as to Dred Scott case, 450-452;
decision of Supreme Court of Missouri, 451;
the Missourians the beginners of wrong, 473

Missouri, Territory of,
organized, 56;
slavery in, 56, 65

Missouri River, the, 66, 414

Mitchell, David B., 28, 29

Mobile, cession of river and port of, 21

Mohawk and Hudson railroad, begun, 169

Molino del Rey, battle of, 338

Monroe, James,
relation to Jackson, 31, 34, 35;
as to relation between protection and slavery, 110;
messages of 1821 and 1822, 110;
message of 1823, 111;
veto of 1822, 120;
message on internal improvements, 120, 121, 156;
message of December, 1823, 125-128;
electoral vote of 1820, 129;
interpretation of message of 1823 by Spanish-Americans, 146, 147,
149;
cabinet intrigue against Jackson, 220

"Monroe Doctrine," the, 125-128, 146

Monterey,
captured by Taylor, 331, 332;
Doniphan sent to, 332

Monterey, California, convention at, 343

Moors, 45

Morfit, Henry M.,
agent to Texas, 296;
report to Forsyth, 296, 297

Murphy, W. S.,
letter from Upshur, 304;
assurance to Texas of protection, 306;
promise to Houston disavowed, 307

NAPOLEON. _See_ Bonaparte

Napoleonic decrees, 54

Nashville convention, 375

National Assembly of France, 54

_National Era_, the,
protest against Kansas-Nebraska bill, 389;
effect of the address, 400

_National Intelligencer_, letter of Clay, 319, 320

National Republican party,
the origin, 104;
circumstance of appearance, 146;
party nomenclature, 162, 163;
insists on taking the Bank as a campaign issue, 200, 201;
nominates Clay for presidency, 201;
feeling toward Jackson, 202;
its defeat in 1832, 202;
basis of party action, 278, 279;
known as Whig party, 281, 282. _See_ Whig Party

Navy of the United States, legislation upon, 13, 14

Nebraska, Territory of,
bill for organization passed by House, 381;
the Howe-Giddings colloquy, 381, 382;
speech of Atchison, 382;
bill introduced by Dodge, 382;
bill and report by Douglas, 382, 383;
consideration of the report and its author, 383-387;
dictum of the committee, 387;
Dixon's proposal, 387;
Seward and Dixon, 387, 388;
new bill presented by Douglas, 389;
abolition protest in _National Era_, 389;
reply of Douglas, 390;
amendment of Chase, 391;
position of Wade, 391;
amendment of Douglas, 392;
views of Everett, 392, 393;
Houston's speech, 393;
position of Bell and committee, 393;
vote on amendment, 393;
Chase's amendment, 394, 395;
contention of Badger and Pratt, 394;
declaration of Walker and Badger's amendment, 395;
Chase's third amendment, 395, 396;
Douglas's amendment, 395, 396;
Chase's fourth amendment, 396;
speech of Bell against bill, 396, 397;
speech of Houston, 397;
final argument of Douglas, 397, 398;
vote in Senate on bill, 398;
analysis of vote, 398, 399;
rise of popular opposition, 399, 400;
the Richardson bill, 400;
Senate bill in House, 400;
position of Cushing, Davis, and Pierce, 401-403;
actions in House, 403;
management of bill by Stephens, 404;
bill signed by President, 404;
analysis of vote, 404, 405;
meaning of the vote, 405, 406;
relation of Act to slavery, 407, 408;
considered as of North, 412;
immigrants to Kansas through, 445;
the Act of 1854 the beginning of error, 473

Negro Fort, 28, 29

Negro labor, adapted to the South, 42

Negro slavery. _See_ Slavery

Nelson, Samuel, position on Dred Scott case, 452

Nelson, John, Secretary of State,
disavows Murphy's promise to Houston, 307;
relation to Texas question, 307

New England, 7, 59;
opposed to internal improvements bill of 1817, 117;
attitude to improvements bill of 1822, 119;
attitude upon Maysville road bill, 168;
votes as to Pinckney resolution, 263

New England Anti-Slavery Society, formed, 251

New Hampshire, Commonwealth of,
legislation on slavery, 48;
attitude toward tariff of 1824, 115;
in election of 1824, 142;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

New Jersey, Commonwealth of,
legislation on slavery, 48;
attitude on Maysville road bill, 168;
legislative memorial on finality resolutions, 375;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

New Mexico,
Kearny ordered to occupy, 331;
importance of Buena Vista, 333;
about to be transferred, 334;
acquisition in view, 337;
in negotiations, 337;
treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 338;
Polk's message of July 6, 1848, 345, 346;
motions of Bright and Clayton, 346;
the Clayton bill, 346, 347;
Polk's message of December, 1848, 348;
Douglas's bill, 349;
Smith's bill, 349;
Berrien's report, 349, 350;
new bill by Douglas, 350;
motion of Walker, 350, 351;
failure of Congress to act, 352;
Taylor's message of December 4, 1849, 354;
Foote's bill, 354, as to question of Texan frontier, 355, Clay's
plan, 355, 356;
Webster's Seventh of March Speech, 359;
Bell's propositions, 359, 360;
report from committee on Territories, 360;
Committee of Thirteen, 360;
Clay's report, 360, 361;
encroachments of Bell, 362, 363;
passage of bill for territorial organization, 363, 364;
as to the Douglas report on Nebraska, 384;
Chase on Act of 1850, 391

New York, Commonwealth of,
legislation on slavery, 48;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817, 118;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822, 119;
in election of 1824, 137;
in election of 1828, 164;
attitude on Maysville road bill, 168;
electoral vote in 1844, 320;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

New York Central Railroad, system begun, 169

New York City,
attitude to tariff bill of 1823, 111;
and to that of 1824, 114;
attitude to tariff of 1824, 115;
attitude toward tariff bill of 1827, 158;
postmaster refuses to receive abolitionist documents, 271;
the instructions from Kendall, 271, 272;
arrest of Hamlet, 367;
meetings on fugitive slave law, 367;
publication of protest against Kansas-Nebraska Act, 389

New York _Courier and Enquirer_, applies name to Whig Party, 282

Nicholls, Edward, 25, 26, 27, 28

Nicholls Fort, 27, 28

Nicholson, A. O. P., letter from Cass, 345

Niles, John Milton, presents memorial on Texas, 295

Nootka Convention, 311

North Carolina, Commonwealth of,
conditional cession of western lands, 50, 56;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817, 117, 118;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822, 119;
stock held in United States Bank, 203;
electoral vote in 1844, 320;
vacancy in Senate delegation, 398;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

Northwest, the,
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817, 118;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822, 119

Nueces, River, 300, 316, 329, 330, 337, 361

Nullification,
origin, 169;
economic basis, 175, 176, 177;
attitude of South Carolina, 176;
threatened by McDuffie, 177;
Calhoun's publications, 179, and argument, 180, 181;
parties in South Carolina, 181, 182;
nullification or rebellion, 183, 184;
Calhoun's theory, 189;
in Georgia and South Carolina, 210;
the South Carolina convention, 221;
the Ordinance of Nullification, 222, 223;
Ordinance sent to the legislature, 224;
Hayne's attitude, 224;
acts for enforcement of Ordinance, 224-226;
views on the position of South Carolina, 226-228;
South Carolina in Jackson's message of 1832, 228;
Jackson's proclamation of December 10, 1832, 228-230;
Jackson's message of January, 1833, 232;
execution of Ordinance postponed, 235;
character of nullification defined by Webster, 237;
Ordinance of Nullification withdrawn, 238;
motive of leaders in affairs of nullification, 238;
nullification as represented by Amos Kendall, 272

OBREGON, PABLO, negotiations as to Panama Congress, 147, 148, 149

Ohio, Commonwealth of,
slavery forbidden, 62, 63;
condition on erection, 68, 69, 71;
appropriation of enabling act, 116;
tax on Bank of United States, 194;
the result, 195;
memorial on Texas, 296;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

Ohio River, the, 48, 62, 63, 167

Oliver, Mordecai,
on committee for Kansas investigation, 433;
investigates Pottawattomie massacre, 440

Onis, Luis de, 37, 38

Orders in Council, British, 54

Ordinance of 1787,
passed, 48;
authority of the Congress, 49;
restriction on slavery, 69;
in Douglas's bill, 341;
in the Smith bills, 349

Oregon,
its "re-occupation" in the Democratic platform, 309;
points in the question, 310;
Oregon of the last century, 311;
Spanish and English claims, 311;
the Nootka Convention, 311, 312;
effect of war between Spain and Great Britain, 312;
ceded to France and to United States, 312;
work of Lewis and Clark, 312;
treaty of Utrecht, 312;
Astoria founded, 312, 313;
joint occupation agreement, 313;
agreement of 1828, 314;
effect of Whitman's work, 316;
in platform of 1844, 318;
effect of election of 1844, 320;
Tyler's message of 1844, 321;
Polk's first message, 324;
his recommendations, 324;
the question before Congress, 324;
the action of Congress, 324, 325;
treaty of June, 1846, 326;
bill reported by, 340, 341;
Thompson's amendment, 341;
the Douglas bill, 341;
defeat of Burt's amendment, 341;
Wick's proposal, 341, 342;
speech by Rhett, 342, 343;
end of the second bill, 343;
new bill by Douglas, 343;
special message of Polk, 344;
Hall's amendment, 344;
views of Calhoun and Davis, 344;
Davis moves amendment, 344;
effect of Davis and Hale on action of Senate, 345;
motions of Bright and Clayton, 346;
the Clayton bill, 346, 347;
the final settlement, 347;
bill approved, 348

Orleans, Territory of,
organized, 55;
slavery in, 55;
erected into Commonwealth, 56

Osceola,
begins hostilities, 290;
defeated, 290

Ossawattomie, Kansas,
destroyed by Missourians, 445;
effect of the attack, 445

Ostend, the manifesto from, 408

Otis, Harrison Gray,
voting, 74;
position on Maine-Missouri bill, 83

Oxford University, Professor Senior of, 186

PACIFIC OCEAN, claims in the north of various nations, 123, 311, 324,
325, 326, 341, 358, 375, 379, 381

Palo Alto, battle of, 330

Panama Congress,
early negotiations, 147, 148, 149;
commissioners of United States named, 149, 150;
popular views of the movement, 150;
analysis of vote in Senate, 150, 151;
relation of vote to slavery, 151;
nature of opposition, 153;
adjournment of the congress, 153, 154;
discussion of the results, 154, 155;
effect of question on Republican party, 155

Paredes y Arrillago, Mariano,
leader of military party, 328;
overthrows Herrera, 328;
refuses to receive Slidell, 328

Paris, treaty of. _See_ Treaty

Parker, Severn E., on Conference Committee, 88

Parker, William, opposition to fugitive slave law, 373

Parkers, the, in Crafts case, 368

Parma, Duke of, 23

Parrot, John T., voting, 73

_Partus sequitur ventrem_, 43, 44, 45

Pate, H. C.,
captured at Black Jack by Brown, 441;
rescued by Sumner, 442

Patton, John M.,
speaks in House, 259;
conclusion from his position, 259

Pawnee, Kansas, legislature meets at, 422

Pearce, James Alfred,
introduces bill on Texan boundary, 363;
not voting on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 398, 399

Pennsylvania, Commonwealth of, 3;
provision for gradual emancipation, 48, 62, 63;
attitude to tariff bill of 1823, 111;
relation to Cumberland Road, 116;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817, 118;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822, 119;
conventions nominate Jackson for presidency, 136;
in election of 1824, 137, 138, 139;
attitude toward tariff bill of 1827, 158;
in election of 1828, 162, 164;
attitude on Maysville road bill, 168;
petitions for abolition, 252, 253;
memorial on Texas, 296;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

Pennsylvania railroad, system begun, 169

Pensacola, 24, 25, 32

Perdido River, the, 21, 22, 23, 25

Perote, captured by Scott, 333

Peru, treaty of 1823 with Columbia, 147

Petition, Right of,
early action on abolition petitions, 253;
the Chinn-Dickson controversy, 254;
Slade's motion, 254;
Polk's ruling, 255;
Jackson's petition and Hammond's motion, 255;
relation of the Constitution to the right of petition, 255, 256;
customary procedure before 1834, 256;
wrangle over Hammond's two motions, 256;
the final arrangement, 256;
Adams's appeal for right of petition, 257;
reply by Jones, 257;
Granger's and Ingersoll's claim as to District of Columbia, 257;
demand of Wise, 257, 258;
Slade's declaration of war on slavery, 258;
Garland's argument, 258;
disposal of the question, 258;
revived by Adams, 258, 259;
ruling of Speaker, 259;
Southern members take advanced ground, 259, 260;
effort of Adams at peace, 260;
decision on the fifty-fourth rule, 260;
the contest precipitated, 260;
Pinckney resolutions quoted, 261;
the new rule of procedure, 261, 262;
affair of February 6, 1837, 262;
rule as to petition by slaves, quoted, 262;
further attempt at agitation by Slade, 262;
increase of petitions, 263;
the standing rule of 1840, quoted, 263;
effect of this step, 263, 264;
disposal of the question by the Senate, 264, 265;
the Vermont petition, 265-269;
position of Calhoun, 270;
disposal by Swift's motion, 270;
significance of the contest, 274-277;
result of the struggle, 296

Petigru, James L., relation to nullification, 181

Phelps, Samuel Shethar, on Committee of Thirteen, 360

Philadelphia, Pa., constitutional convention at, 49

Phillips, Wendell, opposes fugitive slave law, 373

Philosophy of the eighteenth century, 47

Philosophy of 1776, 52

Pickering, Timothy, committee service, 3

Pierce, Franklin,
nominated for presidency, 376;
elected, 377;
relation to Kansas-Nebraska bill, 401, 403;
views of historians stated and considered, 401, 402;
signs Kansas-Nebraska bill, 404;
views on emigration to Territories, 410;
appoints Shannon Governor of Kansas Territory, 427;
Shannon's report to, 431;
appeal from "Free-state" party in Kansas, 431;
proclamation as to Kansas, 432;
disapproves Col. Sumner's course, 443;
takes active steps as to Kansas, 446

Pinckney, Henry Laurens,
reports resolution on control of slavery, 261;
resolution re-enacted, 262

Pinkney, William,
argument on powers of Congress, 84-86;
argument restated, 86, 87;
effect of his argument, 87;
on conference committee, 88

"Platte County Self-defensive Association," formed, 414, 415

Pleasants, James, committee service, 3

Poinsett, Joel Roberts, effort with reference to "Monroe Doctrine,"
128

Point Isabel, base of supplies, 329

Polignac, Jules Auguste Armand Marie de, declaration of Canning, 125

Political philosophy, French, 129, 139, 193

Polk, James Knox,
ruling as Speaker, 255;
quoted, 256;
confused rulings, 256;
further ruling on procedure as to petitions, 259;
conclusion from his position, 259;
decision on fifty-fourth rule, 260;
nominated for presidency, 309;
attitude of abolitionists, 320;
elected President, 320;
first annual message, 324;
his recommendations, 324;
the question before Congress, 325;
the action of Congress, 325, 326;
Polk's dealings with the Senate, 326;
treaty of June, 1846, 326;
overtures to Mexico, 327;
the Slidell mission, 327, 328;
duty as to Texan boundary, 329;
orders to General Taylor, 329;
message on Mexican War, 330;
authorized to call for volunteers, 331;
orders to Kearny, Sloat, Stockton, and Taylor, 331;
message of August 6, 1846, 334;
McKay's bill, 335;
Wilmot's amendment, 335;
Polk's message of December, 1846, 335;
empowered tacitly to secure California and New Mexico, 337;
the treaty offered through Trist, 337;
rejected by Mexico, 337;
recalls Trist, 338;
message to Congress, 338;
treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 338;
sends treaty to Senate, 339;
special message on Oregon, 344;
message on California and New Mexico, 345, 346;
approves Oregon bill, 348;
message on California and New Mexico, 348;
effect of message on California, 352, 353

Pomeroy, S. C., at Lawrence, 415

Pontchartrain, Lake, 21, 23

Porto Rico, in Spanish-American troubles, 152, 153, 154

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 191

Portugal, Clay's attitude to its colonies, 135

Pottawattomie Creek,
massacre on, 440;
the massacre characterized, 441;
and denounced by the settlers, 441;
effect of massacre, 442;
end of fighting occasioned by massacre, 447

Potter, James, owner of Sims, 372

Pratt, Thomas George, contention as to amendment of Chase's amendment,
394, 395

Prigg _vs._ Pennsylvania [16 Peters, 539], 363

Protection,
as regarded between 1815 and 1820, 109;
as voiced by the House in 1822, 110;
Monroe's messages of 1821 and 1822, 110;
bill of 1823, 111;
Monroe's message of 1823, 111;
bill of 1824, 112.
_See_ Tariff

Prussia, King of, as arbiter for claims commission, 302

Prussia, in Holy Alliance, 123

Puebla, captured by Scott, 333

QUAKERS, petitions for abolition of slavery, 252, 253

Quincy, Edmund, opposition to fugitive slave law, 373

RAILROADS,
begun in the United States, 169;
relation to national improvements, 169, 170

Randolph, John, 11;
opposition to tariff of 1816, 12

Rantoul, Robert, Jr., in Sims case, 372

Red River, the, 33

Reeder, Andrew H.,
arrives at Fort Leavenworth, 416;
character and work, 416;
action upon contested election cases, 420;
criticism by Robinson, 420, 421;
disregard of his certificates of election, 421, 422;
attitude of anti-slavery party, 421;
difficulties in treatment proposed by Robinson, 422;
calls legislature to meet at Pawnee, 422;
breaks with legislature over question of adjournment to Shawnee
Mission, 423;
letter from Conway, 424;
removed from governorship of Kansas Territory, 425;
elected Congressional delegate, 425;
elected Senator by "Free-state" party, 426;
contest for seat in House of Representatives, 432, 433;
indictment against, 435;
avoids arrest, 435;
Donaldson's reference to his resistance, 436

Representatives, House of. _See_ House of Representatives

[Jeffersonian] Republican Party,
its nationalization, 1-18;
its principles in 1801 and 1816, 3;
position on national bank, 4, 5;
early principles, 17;
division, 38, 103, 104, 115;
absorption of Federal party, 129;
effect of War of 1812, 130;
nature of the struggle of 1824, 130;
division of the party, 145 _et seq._;
effect of Panama Congress, 155;
effect of tariff on division of party, 157;
power of Congress in its regime, 207;
principles on which it gained power, 239;
effect of War of 1812, 239

Republican Party,
brought to life, 388;
creed in the _National Era_ address, 390;
effect of troubles in Kansas, 417;
the union of the various elements, 417, 418;
effect of interference of Missourians in Kansas, 418;
as to possible effect of events in Kansas, 446;
Kansas assured to the party, 471

Resaca de la Palma, battle of, 330

Revenue. _See_ Tariff

Revolution of 1830, relation to abolition, 244

Revolution, the American,
slave laws before, 46;
effect upon slavery, 47, 80

Revolution, the French, 47

Rhea, John, 31

Rhett, Robert Barnwell,
speech on control of Territories, 342, 343, 345;
views adopted by Calhoun and Davis, 344;
views on fugitive slave law, 367;
contention as to fugitive slave law, 371;
in debate on Foote's resolutions, 374

Rhode Island, Commonwealth of, 13;
legislation on slavery, 48;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

Richardson, William A.,
reports bill on Kansas and Nebraska, 400;
motion in House, 403;
yields management of Kansas-Nebraska bill to Stephens, 404

Riley, Bennett, calls California convention, 353

Rio del Norte River, 36

Rio Grande River, 297, 300, 305;
Mexican troops on, 328;
claimed by Texas a boundary, 328;
scene of conflict, 329, 330, 331, 332;
upper valley occupied by Doniphan, 332, 337, 338, 354, 361, 363

Rio Grande del Norte River, 290, 297

Rives, William Cabell, view of slavery, 265-267

Roberts, Jonathan,
motion on Maine-Missouri bill, 82;
position as to the bill, 83;
moves to amend, 83

Robertson, George, committee service, 3

Robinson, Charles,
conference with leaders of Emigrant Aid Company, 413;
expedition to Missouri and Kansas, 413, 414;
the founding of Lawrence, 415;
criticism of Reeder's action on contested election cases, 420, 421;
plan of procedure for anti-slavery party in Kansas, 421, 422;
sends for Sharpe's rifles, 423;
checks factions by the Lawrence speech, 423, 424;
elected Governor of Kansas, 425;
message to legislature, 427;
negotiations with Shannon, 430;
at Franklin, 430;
communication with Sumner as to assault on Jones, 434;
indictment against, 435;
opinion as to purpose of Pottawattomie massacre, 441;
his release ordered, 446;
plan to capture Territorial government, 463;
conference with Wilson, 463;
difficulty of the situation, 464;
his work characterized, 471, 472;
his work quoted, 473

Rocky Mountains, 312, 313, 324, 325, 326, 381

Rush, Benjamin, proposal of Canning, 125

Russia,
in the North Pacific, 123;
edict as to northwest lands, 123;
in Holy Alliance, 123, 124;
Adams's statement to Tuyl, 124, 125;
the Czar in negotiation with Clay, 152, 153

Russian American Company claims in North Pacific, 123

SABINE RIVER, the, 33, 36, 290

St. Augustine, 25

St. Ildefonso, treaty of, 22, 23, 24, 54, 312

St. Louis, 65;
Branscomb and Robinson at, 413, 414

St. Mark's, 25, 32

St. Mary's River, the, 22, 30

Salazar, Jose Maria,
negotiations as to Panama Congress, 147, 148, 149;
cites Haytian affairs, 151

Salt Creek Valley, pro-slavery convention, 414

San Antonio, battle of, 334

Sandford, John F. A.,
owner of Dred Scott, 451;
defendant in federal courts, 451 _et seq._

San Diego, Cal., occupied by Kearny, 332

San Jacinto, battle of, 294, 295

San Jacinto River, 294

Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de,
establishes presidential government in Mexico, 292;
opposition in Coahuila-Texas, 292;
war of Texan independence, 293, 294;
a prisoner, 297;
in power again, 332;
his plan of action, 332;
battle of Buena Vista, 332, 333;
battle of Cerro Gordo, 333;
battles of Contreras, San Antonio and Cherubusco, 334

Savannah, Ga., 373

Scott, Dred,
his case as referred to in Buchanan's inaugural address, 447, 448;
origin of the case, 449, 450;
facts of the case, 450, 451;
decision of Missouri Supreme Court, 451;
sold to Sandford, 451;
judgment in Circuit Court, 451;
case before Supreme Court, 451;
opinion of Justice Nelson, 452;
opinion of Justice Catron, 453;
opinion of Chief Justice Taney, 453, 454;
opinion of Justice Curtis, 454;
criticism of the decision, 455;
criticism of Taney's argument, 455, 456;
relation of inaugural and decision, 456, 457;
opinion of Justice Curtis, 457, 458;
distribution of the opinions, 458;
effect of the decision, 458, 459;
effect of the dictum, 460

Scott, John, secures reference of Missouri memorials, 74

Scott, Martin, in Florida, 31

Scott, Winfield,
ordered to Charleston, 330;
his instructions, 330, 331;
ordered against Vera Cruz, 332;
captures Vera Cruz, 333;
battle of Cerro Gordo, 333;
captures Jalapa, Perote, Puebla, 333;
effect of his successes, 337;
Trist at his head-quarters, 337;
battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, 338;
takes Mexico, 338;
nominated for presidency, 376;
defeated, 377

Sedgwick, Major, accompanies Shannon to Lawrence, 444

Seminole War, 28, 29, 33;
results, 38;
cabinet intrigue on conduct of war, 220

Seminoles, 32;
treaty of 1832, 290;
repudiate treaty and are expelled, 290

Senate of the United States,
passage of Bank bill, 8;
passage of tariff bill, 12;
pay of members, 16;
passage of internal improvements bill, 16;
action on censure of Jackson, 36;
ratifies treaty of 1819, 36, 38;
effect of method of representation in, 63;
Missouri bill referred, 73;
vote on Tallmadge amendment, 74;
disagreement with House, 74;
Clay's suggestion of effect, 75;
Maine and Missouri bills in, 82, 83;
the Thomas amendment, 84;
Pinkney's speech, 84-87;
Missouri-Maine bill, and Thomas amendment, 87, 88;
the conference committee, 88, 89;
significance of the compromise, 90-95;
Missouri constitution considered, 95, 96;
passage of Smith bill on Missouri, 99;
bill defeated in House, 101;
work of second conference committee, 101-103;
plan to alter judicial system and limit number of Representatives,
109;
conference committee on tariff, 114, 115;
recommendation of Cumberland road, 116;
vote on internal improvements bill of 1822, 118, 119;
Clinton a member of, 132;
Crawford a member of, 133;
Clay a member of, 134;
Jackson a member of, 136;
opposition to Clay's appointment, 144;
action on Panama mission, 149, 150;
Van Buren's statement on action of, 153;
Van Buren leader of opposition in, 155;
action on tariff bill, 159, 160;
passage of tariff bill, 162;
South Carolina memorial in, 171;
Clay's proposal as to tariff, 186;
speeches of Clay and Hayne, 187;
vote on House tariff bill, 188;
conference committee, 188;
Benton's attack on Bank, 196;
report on the Bank, 198;
Benton's resolution on the Bank, 199, 200;
relation of members to constituencies, 200;
memorial for recharter of Bank, 201;
Benton's attack on Bank, 201;
bill, for recharter passed, 201, 202;
Jackson on duty of members, 206;
ratifies Indian Springs convention, 212;
Calhoun takes Hayne's seat in, 234;
Calhoun's statement in, 232, 233;
"Force Bill" reported, 233, 234;
Clay's proposition in, 235, 236;
support of Calhoun, 236;
passage of "Force Bill" and of tariff bill, 237;
abolition petitions referred, 253;
contest on right of petition, 264, 265;
Calhoun's efforts as to policy of, 268;
incident of the Vermont memorial, 269, 270;
reference of President's message, 273;
Connecticut memorial on Texas, 295;
Clay resolutions adopted, 295;
Calhoun's statement, 295, 296;
the Walker resolution on Texas, 298, 299;
action on President's message as to refusals, 298, 299;
effect of action, 300;
as to power over treaties, 307, 308;
treaty with Texas, 308, 309;
action as to Texas, 322, 323;
action as to Oregon, 325, 326;
bills on Mexico, and the Wilmot proviso, 335, 336;
ratifies treaties with Mexico, 339;
Oregon bill in, 341;
action on Oregon bills, 343;
debate on Oregon bill, 344;
lack of result, 345;
Bright and Clayton on Oregon, 346;
passes Clayton bill, 347;
final agreement with House, 347;
action on erection of California and New Mexico, 349 _et seq._;
Calhoun's last speech, 358;
Webster's Seventh of March speech, 359;
action on Texan boundary, 363, 364;
completion of compromise measures, 363, 364;
action on Shadrach case, 370;
action on President's powers, 371, 372;
Foote's finality resolutions, 374, 375;
petitions to, 375;
action on organization of Kansas and Nebraska, 381 _et seq._;
Atchison, President _pro tem._, 412;
memorials from Kansas, 433;
speech on the "Crime against Kansas," 439;
Brooks' assault, 439, 440;
action on Kansas, 469, 470.
_See_ Congress of the United States

Senior, Nassau William, cited, 186

Sergeant, John,
opposition to Lowndes's bill, 96, 97;
nominated commissioner to Panama Congress, 149;
nomination confirmed, 150

Sewall, Samuel E., in Sims case, 372

Seward, William Henry,
presents petitions for repeal of fugitive slave law, 375;
contest in convention of 1852, 376;
relation to Dixon and Nebraska bill, 387, 388;
charge as to official conduct of Taney, 456

Shadrach,
escape to Canada, 370;
Clay's motion and Fillmore's message, 370, 371

Shannon, Wilson,
becomes Governor of Kansas Territory, 427;
presides over Leavenworth convention, 428;
orders to Territorial militia, 429;
meets Lawrence committee at Shawnee Mission, 429;
goes to Lawrence, 430;
agreement with citizens of Lawrence, 430;
treats with Missourians at Franklin, 430, 431;
report to President, 431;
gives troops to Sheriff Jones, 434;
dealings with citizens of Lawrence, 436, 437;
orders troops to the Pottawattomie, 441;
his proclamation, 442;
orders troops out under Sumner, 442;
goes to Lawrence, 444;
treaty of August 17, 444;
resigns office, 444

Shaw, Henry, voting, 73

Shawnee Mission, Kansas,
removal of legislature to, 423;
arrival of Governor Shannon, 427;
Lawrence committee at, 429

Sherman, John, on committee for Kansas investigation, 433

Shields, James, attitude to fugitive slave law, 368

Sierra Nevada Mountains, 349

Silliman, Benjamin, member of Emigrant Aid Society, 409

Silsbee, Nathaniel, attitude to tariff of 1828, 162

Sims, Thomas,
arrest, 372;
trial and rendition, 372, 373

Slade, William,
motion to print abolition petitions, 254;
compared with Adams, 254;
Polk's ruling on his attempt to debate, 255;
his motion tabled, 255;
declares war on slavery, 258;
his object, 259;
further attempt at agitation, 262

Slave Code, Virginia code of 1705, 45

Slavery,
beginnings in United States, 40;
early view of system, 40;
legal recognition, 41;
prohibited in Georgia, 43;
legislation in Virginia, 43;
Virginia statute of 1662, 44, 45;
relation to Christian baptism, 44;
Virginia code of 1705, 45;
legislation on public relations of slavery, 46;
law of slavery before the Revolution, 46;
substantially abolished in Massachusetts, 48;
legislation in Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire,
Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and
Virginia, 48;
letter of Luther Martin, 49, 50;
in Constitution of 1787, 50;
status in Georgia and North Carolina cessions and in Kentucky, 50,
51, 56;
passage of fugitive slave law, 51;
abolition of slave trade by Congress, 51;
relation to cotton culture, 52, 53;
in Louisiana territory, 54, 55, 57, 65, 72, 88;
in Orleans Territory, 55;
in Louisiana Territory, 55, 56;
in Missouri Territory and Commonwealth of Missouri, 56, 65;
effect of abolition of foreign slave-trade, 57;
domestic slave-trade, 57, 58;
relation of slavery to diplomacy, 58;
international status, 59;
relation of slavery to public policy, 60;
status in various States, 62, 63;
division of Congress on territorial basis as to slavery, 63;
in the Territories, 63;
in Northwest Territory, 69;
in the Tallmadge amendment, 73;
slavery in Territories, 75;
Taylor's plan as to Missouri, 75, 76, 78;
Storrs's plan as to Missouri, 78;
Taylor's motion, 78 _et seq._;
motion of Thomas, 84, 87, 88;
relation of slavery to Missouri struggle, 92, 93, 106, 107;
status of slavery in 1776, 1787, 1820, 93;
slavery in national politics after 1820, 108;
relation of slavery to protection, 109, 110;
relation of slavery to Panama Congress, 151;
relation to tariff, 157;
relation to Maysville road bill, 168;
relation to internal improvements, to Missouri struggle, and to
tariff of 1828, 170;
view of Hayne and McDuffie, 177;
relation to the Bank question, 198;
effect of race domination, 244;
as regarded before 1830, 244;
humanitarianism of 1830, 244;
the philosophy of abolition and of its opponents, 245;
the true philosophy, 245, 246;
slavery in the Constitution, 246-248;
possible ways of attacking slavery, 248;
Southampton insurrection, 248, 249;
Floyd's message, 249 (_see_ Petition, Right of);
declaration of war by Slade, 258;
the contest precipitated, 260;
the Pinckney resolutions evoked, 261;
relation to denial of right of petition, 263, 264;
views of Rives, 265-267;
views of Calhoun, 265-268;
significance of the contest over petitions and the mails, 274-277;
relation of Whig principles to slavery, 283;
relation of Whig and Democratic parties to slavery extension, 287,
288;
slavery in Florida constitution of 1838, 290;
slavery in the Texas constitution of 1836, 294;
relation of slavery to recognition of Texas, 296;
relation of slavery to question of Texan annexation, 300, 301, 302;
Clay's views of relation of slavery and annexation, 319;
relation of slavery to Mexican War, 330, 331;
the Wilmot proviso, 335, 336;
Cass's view of relation of Mexican war and slavery, 338;
Thompson's amendment, 341;
Burt's motion as to the Wilmot proviso, 341, 342;
meaning of Rhett's views, 343;
views of Calhoun and Davis as to slavery in territories, 344;
Democratic platform of 1848, 344, 345;
Cass's letter to Nicholson, 345;
Whig platform of 1848, 345;
the Clayton bill, 346, 347;
Free-soil platform of 1848, 347, 348;
as to signature of Oregon bill, 348;
Douglas's and Smith's bills, 349;
Berrien's report, 349, 350;
views of Berrien and Webster on slavery in Mexican acquisitions,
351, 352;
Taylor's message of December 4, 1849, 354;
indication of policy in the Foote bill, 354;
relation of slavery to question of Texan boundary, 354, 355;
question of slavery in District of Columbia, 355;
Clay's plan of compromise, 355, 356;
opposition of Southerners, 356, 357;
attitude of Davis, and of abolitionists, 357;
Calhoun's last speech, 358;
Webster's Seventh of March speech, 359;
Clay's report, 361, 362;
the bills as adopted, 363, 364;
slavery before and after 1850, 365-367;
relation of parties to slavery question, 377;
various policies as to slavery, 377-379;
situation in December, 1852, 380, 381;
Douglas's report on Nebraska, 382-387;
dictum of the committee, 387;
Dixon's motion, 387;
dictum of Douglas as to act of 1820, 390;
controversy on the Kansas-Nebraska bill, 390 _et seq._;
speech of Houston, 393;
the _National Era_ address, 399, 400;
the struggle for Kansas, 407 _et seq._;
indications of plan for extension, 408;
the question in Kansas, 412;
Robinson's declaration as to slavery in Kansas and Missouri, 424;
Kansas legislation on slavery, 424;
its effect on the North, 424, 425;
the Topeka constitution, 425;
the Dred Scott case, 449-459;
effect of the Dred Scott dictum, 460;
further struggle in Kansas, 460-474;
the Lecompton constitution, 467, 468.
_See_ Kansas, Territory of

Slaves, introduced at Jamestown, 40.
_See_ Slavery

Slidell, John,
sent to Mexico, 327;
refused audience, and leaves Mexico, 328;
effect of his rejection, 329

Sloat, John Drake, ordered to Upper California, 331

Smith, Caleb B., reports bills on New Mexico and Upper California, 349

Smith, Gerrit,
the "Jerry rescue," 374;
signs _National Era_ address, 389

Smith, Persifer Frazer,
assigned to command in Kansas, 443;
orders as to invaders of Kansas, 445;
sustains Cooke in disobeying Woodson, 445

Smith, George W., candidate for Governor of Kansas, 468

Smith, William,
reports Maine-Missouri bill, 82;
position on the bill, 83;
presents bill to Senate on Missouri, 99;
bill passed by Senate and tabled by House, 99;
presents protest as to tariff, 170

"Softs," the, attitude of Pierce, 402

Soule, Pierre, the Ostend manifesto, 408

South Carolina, 8, 9;
slave laws, 46;
repeals law against slave importation, 51;
as to citizenship law, 99;
protest against tariff of 1824, 115, 116;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817, 118;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822, 119;
in election of 1824, 137, 138;
opposition to tariff bill of 1827, 159, 160;
legislature protests against tariff of 1828, 170, 171, 174;
attitude to Jackson's views, 172;
relation to McDuffie bill of 1830, 174;
attitude to McDuffie's argument, 176;
attitude to Congress in 1830-31, 178;
the tariff and Calhoun's work, 179, 181, 183;
nullification or rebellion, 183;
relation to Jackson's message of 1831, 184;
stock held in United States Bank, 203;
nullification earlier in Georgia, 210;
relation to the Indian troubles in Georgia, 220;
special meeting of legislature, 221;
the nullification convention and its work, 221;
the ordinance of nullification, 222;
committee to the legislature, 223;
addresses of the convention, 223, 224;
Hamilton's message, 224;
Hayne's inaugural, 224;
the Replevin Act, 224-226;
change of representation in Senate, 224;
acts to enforce ordinance of nullification, 226;
opinion of Calhoun and others as to position of South Carolina,
226-228;
South Carolina in Jackson's' message of 1832, 228;
Jackson's proclamation of December 10, 1832, 228-230;
active steps taken by Jackson, 230, 231;
feeling of the other States, 231;
Hayne's proclamation and the action of South Carolina, 232;
Jackson's message of January, 1833, 232;
Calhoun's statement in the Senate, 232, 233;
the "Force Bill" reported, 233, 234;
answers Replevin Act, 234;
attitude of Calhoun, 234;
postponement of execution of nullification ordinance, 235;
Bell's report on President's powers, 235;
Clay's proposals, 235, 236;
attitude of Calhoun, 236, 237;
attitude to Clay's bill, 237, 238;
ordinance of nullification withdrawn, 238;
motive of leaders in affairs of nullification, 238;
effect of nullification considered, 238-241;
opinion of Jacksonian principles, 240;
convention in, 375;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399;
demands of South Carolinians in Kansas, 437;
the assault upon Sumner, 439

South Carolina College, 173

"South Carolina Exposition, The," 179

South Sea, the, 33

Southampton County, Virginia,
slave insurrection, 248, 249;
Floyd's message, 249;
passed over, 250;
effect on consideration of abolition petitions, 252

"Southern Address," the, 374

Spain,
as to American possessions, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 32, 33,
35, 36;
cedes Louisiana territory, 54, 65;
claims in North Pacific, 123;
relation to colonies and to Congress of Verona, 124;
attitude of Great Britain and United States as to her colonies, 125;
the "Monroe Doctrine," 125-128;
Clay's attitude to Spain's colonies, 135, 152, 153;
trouble in the colonies, 147, 151-153;
boundary disputes with France and United States, 290;
treaty of 1819, 290;
revolt of Mexico, 291;
claim to Oregon, 311;
the Nootka Convention, 311, 312;
effect of war with Great Britain, 312;
cedes Louisiana to France, 312;
cedes Florida, 313;
treaty of 1819, 318

Spalding, Henry Harmon, missionary to Oregon, 315

Spanish Government, 37

Spear, Samuel T., opposes fugitive slave law, 368

"Specie Circular," its results, 283

_Squatter Sovereign_, the, misrepresentations as to Emigrant Aid
Company, 411

Stanton, F. P.,
appointed secretary of Kansas Territory, 461;
as Acting Governor, negotiates with "Free-state" men, 461, 462;
action on fraudulent elections, 465;
demands of "Free-state" men, 466, 467;
calls legislature at Lecompton, 467;
removed, 467

"States' rights,"
founder of party, 2;
position of Webster, 6;
early condition of party, 122;
nucleus of party, 146;
Calhoun's doctrine, 179 _et seq._;
as to the Bank, 194, 195;
Benton's speech, 199;
Troup's attitude, 213;
Calhoun's position, 234, 236, 268, 269, 270;
King's views, 269, 270;
and _see_ 3, 49, 109, 130, 136, 137, 159, 192, 215, 217, 274

Stearns, ----, sells rights to site of Lawrence, 415

Stephens, Alexander Hamilton, management of the Kansas-Nebraska bill,
404

Stockton, Robert Field, ordered to Upper California, 331

Storrs, Henry R.,
voting, 73;
on Missouri affair, 78

Storrs, Richard Salter, opposes fugitive slave law, 368

Strange, Robert, motion in Senate, 270

Stringfellow, B. F.,
coeditor of _Squatter Sovereign_, 411;
formation of "Platte County Self-defensive Association," 414

Sullivan, G., interview with Adams, 142, 143

Sumner, Edwin Vose,
communication with Robinson as to assault on Jones, 434;
conditional offer of Lawrence citizens to surrender arms to, 437;
rescues Pate, 442;
returns to Fort Leavenworth, 442;
disperses legislature at Topeka, 443;
his act disapproved, 443;
retirement, 443;
attitude to Kansas affairs, 472

Sumner, Charles,
presents petitions for repeal of fugitive slave law, 375;
speech on fugitive slave law, 377;
effort to improve Nebraska bill, 388;
signs _National Era_ address, 389;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399;
speech on the "Crime against Kansas," 439;
assaulted by Brooks, 439, 440;
effect of assault modified by Pottawattomie massacres, 442

Supreme Court of the United States, decisions by:
Brown _vs._ Maryland, 195, 198;
McCulloch _vs._ Maryland, 205;
Cherokee Nation case, 218;
Worcester _vs._ Georgia, 218, 219;
_see also_ 109, 207, 222, 229, 346, 348, 366, 383, 427, 447, 460;
Prigg _vs._ Pennsylvania, 363;
Dred Scott _vs._ Sandford, 447, 449, _et seq._

Sutter land claims, war against, 413

Swift, Benjamin,
presents abolition petition, 269;
motion to lay on table, 270

Syracuse, New York,
meetings on fugitive slave law, 368;
the "Jerry rescue," 373, 374

TACUBAYA, 153

Tait, Charles, report, 74

Tallmadge, James, 34;
amendment to Missouri bill, 66-74;
leader of restrictionists, 68

Taney, Roger Brooke,
appointed secretary of the treasury, 280;
ceases deposits in United States Bank, 280;
the contention as to propriety and legality, 280, 281;
criticism by the Senate, 281;
opinion on Dred Scott case, 453, 454;
criticism of his argument, 455, 456;
charge as to divulging court secrets, 456, 457

Tappan, S. F., resists Sheriff Jones, 434

Tariff,
bill of 1816, 3, 8, 9, 10;
views of Clay, 10;
speech of Calhoun, 10, 11, 12;
passed by House and Senate, 12;
attitude of Randolph and Telfair, and the New Englanders, 12;
act under comparison, 15, 16;
Monroe's messages of 1821 and 1822, 110;
bill of 1823, 110, 111;
failure of the bill, 111;
Monroe's message of 1823, 111;
bill of 1824, 112;
support of Tod, 112, and of Clay, 112, 113;
opposition of Webster, Cambreleng and Barbour, 113, 114;
Hayne's theory, 114;
modified bill passed by House, 114;
House rejects Senate amendments, 114;
conference committee, 114, 115;
characterization of tariff of 1827, 115;
attitude of various States toward tariff of 1824, 115;
protest of South Carolina, 115, 116;
significance of the question, 129;
relation to slavery, 157;
act of 1824 a failure, 157;
memorials, 158;
Mallary bill of 1827, 158;
provisions, 158;
attitude of the various sections, 158, 159;
bill passed by House, 159;
opposition of South Carolina, 159, 160;
bill abandoned in Senate, 160;
bill of 1828 reported, 160;
its provisions, 160;
opposed and modified, 160, 161;
analysis of vote in House, 162;
passed by Senate and approved, 162;
relation to party lines, 162, 163;
South Carolina protests against bill of 1828, 170, 171, 174;
Jackson's message of December, 1829, 171, 172;
its reception in South Carolina, 172;
its reference, 172;
question of origin of tariff bills, 173, 174;
bill reported by McDuffie, 174;
its terms and disposal, 174;
manufactures committee bill, 175;
argument of McDuffie, 175, 176, 177;
passage of bills of 1830, 177, 178;
Jackson's message of December, 1830, 178;
the work of Calhoun, 179-181, 183;
the law in court, 182, 183;
Jackson's message of December, 1831, 184;
two bills of 1832, 185;
disposal in House, 186;
Clay's resolution in Senate, 186, 187, 188;
House bill in Senate, 188;
amended and passed, 188;
distribution of vote in Senate, 188;
conference and bill becomes law, 188;
its effect on the situation, 188, 189;
proposal in address of South Carolina convention, 224;
Jackson's message of December, 1832, 228;
bill reported by Verplanck, 231, 232;
discussion of Verplanck bill, 235;
Clay proposes compromise tariff, 235;
his purposes, 235, 236;
attitude of Calhoun, 236;
controversy over the bill, 236;
Clay's bill amended and substituted for Verplanck's bill, 237;
attitude of South Carolina, 238;
President's approval, 238;
result of modified bill of 1833, 283;
tariff bills vetoed by Tyler, 286

Tassells, Cherokee Indian, executed, 218

Taylor, John,
supports Bank bill, 8;
presides over Columbia convention, 159

Taylor, John W.,
in Missouri bill debate, 68;
plan as to Missouri, 75, 76, 78;
new motion and argument, 78 _et seq._;
on conference committee, 88;
attitude toward internal improvements bill of 1822, 119;
vote upon Maysville road bill, 168

Taylor, Zachary,
ordered to advance from Corpus Christi, 329;
demand of Ampudia, 329;
hostilities begun, 329;
battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, 329, 330;
occupies Matamoras, 331;
takes Monterey, 331, 332;
battle of Buena Vista, 332, 333;
battles of Contreras, San Antonio, and Cherubusco, 334;
armistice, 334;
presidential nominee, 345;
elected President, 349;
plan as to California, 353;
message of December 4, 1849, 353, 354;
special message under consideration, 357, 358;
death, 362

Tehuantepec, Isthmus of, 337

Telfair, Thomas, opposition to tariff of 1816, 12

Tennessee, 31, 32, 35;
created a Commonwealth, 51;
with slavery, 62, 63;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817, 118;
attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822, 119;
legislature nominates Jackson for the presidency, 136;
electoral vote in 1844, 320;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399

Territorial extension, position of Whig and Democratic parties, 287,
288

Texas,
early boundary dispute, 290;
Austin grant, 291;
efforts of United States to buy Texas, 292;
declares independence, 293;
the Mexicans defeated, 294;
constitution formed and Houston elected President, 294;
the Connecticut resolution, 295;
the Senate's resolution, 295;
Calhoun's position, 295, 296;
House passes resolution, 296;
Morfit's mission, 296-298;
Jackson's message of December 21, 1836, 298;
Walker's resolution, 298;
Jackson's special message as to reprisals, 298;
Walker resolution adopted, 299;
Texas in diplomatic appropriation bill 299;
Jackson deals with agent of Texas, 300;
Texan independence recognized, 300;
the question of annexation, 300, 301;
Wise's doctrine as to annexation, 302;
Whig address on annexation, 303;
negotiations of Upshur and Van Zandt, 304;
independence recognized by Powers, 304;
possibility of British interference, 304;
relations to Mexico, 305, 306;
proposal of annexation, 305;
legal position, 306;
Murphy's assurance to President of Texas, 306;
Houston sends special envoy to Washington, 306;
Murphy's assurance disavowed, 307;
President's proposal to move forces, 307;
Texas treaty sent to Senate, 307, 308;
President's view of constitutional position of Texas, 308;
treaty rejected by Senate, 308;
Benton's claim, 308;
opposition of Archer, 308, 309;
"reannexation" in the Democratic platform, 309;
documents sent to House, 309, 310;
in Democratic platform of 1844, 316, 317, 318;
the Clay letters, 319;
demands of abolitionists, 319;
the _National Intelligencer_ letter, 319, 320;
relation to annexation of election of Polk, 320;
Greeley's views as to triumph of annexation, 320;
Tyler's message of 1844, 320, 321;
Ingersoll reports joint resolution, 321;
various views as to method of annexation, 321, 322;
House passes enabling act, 322;
the Archer report in the Senate, 322, 323;
the Walker amendment, 323;
measure signed by President, 323;
Texas admitted, 323;
annexation a casus belli for Mexico, 327;
Texas congress of December, 1836, 328;
the Rio Grande as boundary, 328;
President's duty as to Texan boundary, 329;
Congressional acts as to Corpus Christi, 329;
importance of Buena Vista, 333;
problem of Texan boundary, 354, 355;
Clay's plan, 355, 356;
opposition of Southerners, 356, 357;
attitude of abolitionists, 357;
Webster's Seventh of March speech, 359;
Clay's report, 361;
extension of jurisdiction by Bell, 362, 363;
passage of bill as to Texan boundary, 363, 364;
dictum of Douglas as to annexation of Texas, 390;
vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill, 399.
_See also_ Coahuila-Texas

Thayer, Eli,
beginning of his work, 408, 409;
his reasoning, 409;
organization effected, 409, 410;
incorporation, 410, 411;
conference with Robinson, 413;
reward offered for his head, 413;
sending of Sharpe's rifles, 423

Thomas, Jesse B.,
motion as to slavery, 84, 87, 88;
on conference' committee, 88

Thompson, James,
moves amendment to Oregon bill, 341;
amendment in Douglas bill, 341

Thompson, Waddy,
as minister to Mexico receives threat of war, 305;
opinion on slavery extension, 330

Titus, Colonel,
in troubles at Lawrence, 437;
captured, 444;
his release promised, 444

Tod, John,
reports tariff bill, 110;
bill fails, 111;
reports tariff bill of 1824, 112;
supports the bill, 112

Tomlinson, Gideon, opposes report of Committee of Thirteen, 101

Topeka, Kansas,
convention at, 425 (_see_ Kansas, Territory of);
legislature at, dispersed, 443;
Cooke refuses to obey Woodson's order to attack Topeka, 445;
mass-meeting at, 464

Topliff, C. W., dealings with Donaldson for Lawrence citizens, 438

Treaty of April 11, 1713 (Utrecht), 312

Treaty of 1762, between France and Spain, 21, 22, 23

Treaty of Paris, February 10, 1763, between France, Great Britain, and
Spain, 20, 21, 22, 23

Treaty of Paris, September 3, 1783, 22

Treaty of 1790 (Nootka Convention), between Great Britain and Russia,
311

Treaty of 1800 (St. Ildefonso), between France and Spain, 22, 23, 24,
54, 312

Treaty of April 30, 1803, between France and the United States, 23,
24, 55, 57, 72, 312, 318

Treaty of Fort Jackson, 1814, 26, 29

Treaty of December 24, 1814, between Great Britain and the United
States, 9, 26

[Convention] of October 20, 1818, between Great Britain and the United
States, 313, 314

Treaty of February 22, 1819, between Spain and the United States, 33,
36, 37, 38, 290, 313, 318

Treaty of July 12, 1823, between Colombia and Peru, 147

Treaty of July 12, 1823, between Colombia and Chili, 147

Treaty of February 12, 1825, between United States and Creek Indians,
212, 214

Treaty of April 12, 1825, between Colombia and United Provinces of
Central America, 147

Treaty of September 20, 1825, between Colombia and Mexico, 147

Treaty of January, 1826, between United States and Creek Indians, 214

[Convention] of August 6, 1827, between Great Britain and the United
States, 314, 324

Treaty of 1832, between United States and Seminole Indians, 290

[Treaty] of April 11, 1839, between Mexico and the United States, 301

Treaty of August 9, 1842, between Great Britain and the United States,
303

Treaty of April 12, 1844, between Texas and the United States, 307,
308, 309

Treaty of June 15, 1846, between Great Britain and the United States,
326, 339

Treaty of February 2, 1848, between Mexico and the United States, 338,
339, 354, 355

Tremont Temple, fugitive slave law meetings, 373

Trist, Nicholas P.,
offers treaty to Mexico, 337;
proposals rejected, 337;
signs treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 388;
returns to Washington, 338, 339

Troup, George McIntosh,
attempts survey of Creek land, 212;
letter from Barbour, 212, 213;
controversy with Barbour and Adams, 213, 214;
repudiates agreement of 1826, 214;
controversy with Administration as to surveys, 214, 215;
his message to the legislature, 215

Tucker, George, committee service, 3

Turks, 45

Turner, Nat, leads slave insurrection, 249

Tuyl, Baron, declaration from Adams, 124, 125

Tyler, John,
succeeds Harrison, 286;
vetoes bank bills and tariff bills, 286;
Cabinet resignations, 286, 287;
friction with Whigs, 287;
accession to presidency, 301;
opens negotiations with Texas, 301;
relation to annexation, 302;
resignation of Webster, 303;
makes Upshur secretary of state, 303, 304;
the London story of interference in Texas, 304;
attitude to Mexican threat of war, 305;
relation to Texan negotiation, 307;
as to defence of Texas, 307;
sends treaty to Senate, 307, 308;
view of constitutional position of Texas, 308;
significance of Archer's criticism of annexation treaty, 309;
sends Texas documents to House, 309, 310;
relations with Whitman, 315, 316;
message of 1844, 320, 321;
views as to method of annexation, 321;
signs measure for annexation of Texas, 323;
characterization of his acts, 323, 324

"UNCLE TOM'S CABIN," 106

"Underground," the, established, 368.
_See_ Fugitive Slave Law

United Provinces of Central America, treaty of 1825, with Colombia,
147

United States Bank. _See_ Bank of the United States