Chapter XIII: Instinct

1. The nature of instinct: The babe's dependence on instinct--Definition of instinct--Unmodified instinct is blind. 2. Law of the appearance and disappearance of instincts: Instincts appear in succession as required--Many instincts are transitory--Seemingly useless instincts--Instincts to be utilized when they appear--Instincts as starting points--The more important human instincts. 3. The instinct of imitation: Nature of imitation--Individuality in imitation--Conscious and unconscious imitation--Influence of environment--The influence of personality. 4. The instinct of play: The necessity for play--Play in development and education--Work and play are complements. 5. Other useful instincts: Curiosity--Manipulation--The collecting instinct--The dramatic instinct--The impulse to form gangs and clubs. 6. Fear: Fear heredity--Fear of the dark--Fear of being left alone. 7. Other undesirable instincts: Selfishness--Pugnacity, or the fighting impulse. 8. Problems in observation and introspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

CHAPTER XIV

FEELING AND ITS FUNCTIONS

1. The nature of feeling: The different feeling qualities--Feeling always present in mental content--The seeming neutral feeling zone. 2. Mood and disposition: How mood is produced--Mood colors all our thinking--Mood influences our judgments and decisions--Mood influences effort--Disposition a resultant of moods--Temperament. 3. Permanent feeling attitudes, or sentiments: How sentiments develop--The effect of experience--The influence of sentiment--Sentiments as motives. 4. Problems in observation and introspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226

CHAPTER XV

THE EMOTIONS

1. The producing and expressing of emotion: Physiological explanation of emotion--Origin of characteristic emotional reactions--The duration of an emotion--Emotions accompanying crises in experience. 2. The control of emotions: Dependence on expression--Relief through expression--Relief does not follow if image is held before the mind--Growing tendency toward emotional control--The emotions and enjoyment--How emotions develop--The emotional factor in our environment--Literature and the cultivation of the emotions--Harm in emotional overexcitement. 4. Emotions as motives: How our emotions compel us--Emotional habits. 5. Problems in observation and introspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

CHAPTER XVI

INTEREST

1. The nature of interest: Interest a selective agent--Interest supplies a subjective scale of values--Interest dynamic--Habit antagonistic to interest. 2. Direct and indirect interest: Interest in the end versus interest in the activity--Indirect interest as a motive--Indirect interest alone insufficient. 3. Transitoriness of certain interests: Interests must be utilized when they appear--The value of a strong interest. 4. Selection among our interests: The mistake of following too many interests--Interests may be too narrow--Specialization should not come too early--A proper balance to be sought. 5. Interest fundamental in education: Interest not antagonistic to effort--Interest and character. 6. Order of development of our interests: The interests of early childhood--The interests of later childhood--The interests of adolescence. 7. Problems in observation and introspection . . . . . . 254

CHAPTER XVII

THE WILL

1. The nature of the will: The content of the will--The function of the will--How the will exerts its compulsion. 2. The extent of voluntary control over our acts: Simple reflex acts--Instinctive acts--Automatic, or spontaneous acts--The cycle from volitional to automatic--Volitional action--Volition acts in the making of decisions--Types of decision--The reasonable type--Accidental type: External motives--Accidental type: Subjective motives--Decision under effort. 3. Strong and weak wills: Not a will, but wills--Objective tests a false measure of will power. 4. Volitional types: The impulsive type--The obstructed will--The normal will. 5. Training the will: Will to be trained in common round of duties--School work and will-training. 6. Freedom of the will, or the extent of its control: Limitations of the will--These limitations and conditions of freedom. 7. Problems in observation and introspection. . 271

CHAPTER XVIII

SELF-EXPRESSION AND DEVELOPMENT

1. Interrelation of impression and expression: The many sources of impressions--All impressions lead toward expression--Limitations of expression. 2. The place of expression in development: Intellectual value of expression--Moral value of expression--Religious value of expression--Social value of expression. 3. Educational use of expression: Easier to provide for the impression side of education--The school to take up the handicrafts--Expression and character--Two lines of development. 4. Problems in introspection and observation . . . . . 294

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

THE MIND AND ITS EDUCATION