Chapter XII: The Coming of the Indo-Europeans

340. Müller, F. Max. _Biographies of Words and Home of
Aryans._ London, 1888.

341. Meillet, A. _Les Langues dans l'Europe nouvelle._ Paris,
1918.

342. ---- _Les Dialectes Indo-européens._ Paris, 1908.

343. ---- _Introduction à l'Étude comparative des Langues
Indo-européennes._ 4th ed. Paris, 1915.

346. Meyer, E. _Geschichte des Alterthums._ 2d ed. Stuttgart,
1909. Vol. I, Pt. 2, p. 722.

347. Schrader, O. _Reallexikon der indogermanischen
Alter-thumskunde._ Strassburg, 1902.

348. ---- _Sprachvergleichung und Urgeschichte._ 3d ed. Jena,
1906.

349. ---- _Die Indogermanen._ Leipsic, 1911, 165 pp.

---- (Trans. Jevons, F. B.) _Prehistoric Antiquities of the
Aryan Peoples._ London, 1890.

350. Feist, S. Kultur. _Ausbreitung und Herkunft der
Indogermanen._ Berlin, 1913.

351. ---- _Europa im Lichte der Vorgeschichte._ Berlin, 1910.

352. Hirt, H. _Die Indogermanen_. 2 vols. Strassburg, 1905-07.

353. Kossina, G. "Die indogermanische Frage archäologisch
beantwortet," _Zts. f. Eth._, XXXIV (1902), 161, N. B. Cf.
220.

354. Much, M. _Heimat der Indogermanen._ 2d ed. Berlin, 1904.

355. Reinach, S. _Origine des Aryens._ Paris, 1892.

356. Wilser, L. _Die Germanen_. Leipsic, 1903.

357. ---- _Herkunft und Urgeschichte der Arier._ Heidelberg, 1899.

358. Zaborowski, Moindron S. "La Patrie originaire des Aryens,"
_R. E. A._ Paris, XIII (1903), 253.

359. ---- _Les Peuples aryens d'Asie et d'Europe._ Paris, 1908.

360. Brunnhofer, G. H. _Arische Urzeit._ Bern, 1909.

361. Laponge, G. V. de. _L'Aryen, Son Rôle social._ Paris, 1899.

362. Hehn, V. _Kulturpflanzen und Hausthiere._ 5th ed. Berlin, 1887.

363. Holmes, T. R. _Ancient Britain._ Oxford, 1907. Chap. III and
pp. 424-455.

364. Veblen, T. _Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution._
New York, 1915.

365. Huntington, E. _The Pulse of Asia._ Boston, 1911.

366. ---- _Palestine and Its Transformations_. Boston, 1907.

367. ---- _World Power and Evolution._ New Haven, 1919.

375. Murray, G. _Euripides and His Age._ New York, 1913.

376. Chesterton, G. K. _Charles Dickens._ London, 1917.

377. Lang, A. _Custom and Myth._ New York, 1885.

378. Gummere, F. B. _The Beginnings of Poetry_. New York, 1901.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] 16, 17.

[2] 1: 477; 671, chap. XXIX.

[3] 18.

[4] 19.

[5] 5.

[6] 6.

[7] 8: 20

[8] 5: 58-60

[9] M: chap. V.

[10] 1: 671.

[11] 5: 321, 327, 275.

[12] 7, 10.

[13] 24-26.

[14] 5: 373.

[15] 40: 35.

[16] 30: 228.

[17] 40: chap, II. D: I, 17-110.

[18] For maps showing extent of ice at different glacial epochs, see 41: vol. II, p. 419. 42: end of volume.

[19] See Charts, 40: 41-48. 5. Also 40: 45, 46; 412-427; 386.

[20] 40: 95. 47.

[21] D: I, 380-412. 48.

[22] 40: 130, 244.

[23] D: I, 113.

[24] 40: 290, 316.

[25] E: 110-117.

[26] 40: 475-500.

[27] D: 466, 476; 40: 281.

[28] D: 466, 476; 40: 281.

[29] C:225; 60.

[30] 42: 270.

[31] L: 235.

[32] A: 329.

[33] 63.

[34] 40: 459; A: I, 314; D: 213.

[35] 40: 465.

[36] A: I, 326.

[37] C: 258.

[38] 76.

[39] 40: 283.

[40] B: 53.

[41] E: 139.

[42] G: 198; J: 15.

[43] 83.

[44] B. See Bibliography.

[45] I: 368.

[46] H: 68.

[47] A: I, 351.

[48] 42: 122; 60; 110: I, 6-13.

[49] 97: 11, 19.

[50] 95: 102.

[51] 91: 475.

[52] L: 190.

[53] B: 251.

[54] 91: 8.

[55] 96: 366.

[56] L: 199; 96: 265; D: 452; 97: 45-60.

[57] 97: 47; 96: 289.

[58] 135; C: 65 and 116.

[59] 97.

[60] Quoted in 135: chap. III, 116.

[61] 91: 519; 141.

[62] 91: 521.

[63] 96: 295.

[64] 95: 175.

[65] L: 222; 91: 175-178, 338.

[66] 91: 47.

[67] 95: 135; 96: 189, 219, 191.

[68] For a study of examples grouped according to epoch, see 96: p. 220-264.

[69] 91: II, 432.

[70] D: 527, 549.

[71] 115: 535.

[72] 110.

[73] 110: Plate 5, opposite pp. 50, 67.

[74] 111. Cf. 110: I, 48.

[75] D: I, 545.

[76] B: II, 242; D: 527.

[77] 116-120.

[78] B: II, 168.

[79] 124: 121; 123; D: 526.

[80] 116: 195 _ff._, 197 _Bib._

[81] 40: 281.

[82] 139: chap. II, 146.

[83] M: 217.

[84] 125: 100, map.

[85] O: 291.

[86] L: chap. V.

[87] A: I, 386.

[88] G: cf. J: 43.

[89] A: 421.

[90] D: 503.

[91] 110: I, 40.

[92] B: II, 102.

[93] A: I, 423.

[94] B: 310.

[95] G: I, 268; J: 90.

[96] B: I, 398.

[97] H: 20.

[98] F: Article "Axt."

[99] G: 30; E: 129.

[100] E: Plate 60; A: 506; 96: 330.

[101] B: 177.

[102] Figs. 107a, 108.

[103] A: 355, 629.

[104] M: 347.

[105] A: 627; B: 207.

[106] 110: 50 (chart).

[107] 124: 105.

[108] B: II, 468; D: 511.

[109] G: 60.

[110] G: 16, 24.

[111] B: II, 483.

[112] G: 127.

[113] H: 27.

[114] 186: 168.

[115] B: I, 513.

[116] H: 49.

[117] A: 547; D: 482.

[118] 40: 279.

[119] 40: 281.

[120] D: 465; 49: 540.

[121] 60.

[122] 215-218.

[123] B: II, 242.

[124] E: 563.

[125] D: I, 335.

[126] 40: 281.

[127] 49: 565.

[128] 214.

[129] C: 225.

[130] 219-221.

[131] 222, 223.

[132] J: 65.

[133] See D: 545.

[134] 40: 281, 333, 361; D: 476, 41.

[135] 40: 350, 361.

[136] 110: I, 50.

[137] 40: 281, 449.

[138] See 214. Chart 219., cf. 210.

[139] 240, 241.

[140] 242.

[141] 243.

[142] 244: 39-43.

[143] 245.

[144] 40: 465.

[145] 268-272 _a._

[146] 272.

[147] B: I, 302.

[148] 220.

[149] 220.

[150] 220.

[151] B: I, 334-337, 307.

[152] 246.

[153] 250: 202, 206.

[154] 250: 205.

[155] 290: 85.

[156] 292.

[157] 293.

[158] 294.

[159] 309.

[160] 307.

[161] 315-319.

[162] A: 594-603, 362.

[163] B: II, 563.

[164] 320.

[165] 316.

[166] 322.

[167] 318, 321.

[168] B: II, 585.

[169] O: 173.

[170] 308: 36.

[171] 330.

[172] H: 20.

[173] 179: 122 _n._

[174] 260.

[175] O: 111, 33.

[176] A: 368.

[177] 308.

[178] I have selected for examination Professor Kossina's article, and that not his latest, because it seems to furnish the strongest and clearest brief statement of the theory of the Germanic origin of the Indo-Europeans. Hirt's work and his references should also be consulted. It is to be regretted that the judgment and work of some of the North German prehistorians on this question are tinged by national prejudice. We must make allowance for their omissions and remember that we have our own pet prejudices.

The dogma of the superiority of the dolichocephalic blond has been made a cult by Mr. J. H. Chamberlin and other far less brilliant writers. It has received little support in Scandinavia. The works of this school should not be taken too seriously.

[179] 375: 14.

[180] O.

[181] 293.

[182] 376: 67; 377: 177; cf. 378.

INDEX

Achæans, 253, 281.

Adaptation, extreme, 228.

Agriculture, origin of, 101, 108;
and religion, 218.

Amber, 148.

Anau, 93, 100, 125.

Ancylus Epoch, 37, 164, 169.

Apes, 4, 12.

Arboreal life, 7, 13.

Aryans, 246.

Asia, 10, 91.

Axe, 43, 136, 173.

Azilian-Tardenoisian, 39, 48, 193.

Babylonia, 92.

Balder, myth of, 222.

Balkans, 61, 100, 267.

Baltic culture, 131, 144, 203, 232, 271.

Baltic Sea, changes of, 36, 41, 161.

Barley, 80, 94.

Boats, 145.

Brachycephals, 44, 51, 181, 195, 262;
in lake-dwellings, 87.

Bread, 82.

Bronze, 141;
age of, 166.

Burial of dead, 31, 123.

Campigny, 50.

Cattle, domestic, 76, 91, 110.

Cave frescoes, 31;
remains, 53.

Celts, 128, 263.

Chronology, 37, 94, 101, 160, 166, 192, 253.

Climatic changes, 4, 26, 32, 102.

Copper, 140; age of, 166.

Crescents of clay, 84.

Crete, 144, 186.

Cro-Magnon race, 29, 181, 231.

Dæmons, 213, 276.

Danube, 200.

Dead, disposal of, 31, 123, 127.

Dog, 42, 75.

Dolichocephals, 44, 87, 198.

Dolmens, 114.

Domestic animals, 91, 110, 112.

Dormant periods and nations, 243.

Dress, 132.

Education, Neolithic 237, 275.

Family, Aryan, 251.

Flax, 83.

Flint, 86, 134, 138.

Folk-lore and fairy-tales, 277.

Forests, 32, 64;
succession of, in Denmark, 38.

Fortifications, 62, 236, 263.

Glacial period, 24.

Goddess, cult of, 220.

Gold, 139.

Greek mysteries, 212.

Grosgartach, 59, 157, 234.

Hamites, 19, 22, 182.

Heidelberg man, 28.

Hoe-culture, 104.

Horse, 74.

Houses and huts, 55, 72.

Incineration, 127.

Indo-Europeans, 247;
homeland, 259;
language, 246;
religion, 251, 268.

Industries, 131.

Iranian plateau, 12.

Lake-dwellings, 69, 202.

Littorina Epoch, 37, 165.

Loess, 27, 65.

Magelmose, 45, 172.

Mattock, 137.

Mediterranean race, 182, 187, 194; culture, 231.

Megaliths, 114.

Menhirs, 122.

Microliths, 49.

Migrations, Indo-European, 253; routes, 18, 20, 52, 183.

Millet, 80.

Mother-right, 223.

Mugem, 44.

Neanderthal race, 29.

Neolithic culture, persistence of, 272, 280.

Nephrite and Jadeite, 146.

Oaks in Denmark, 37, 171.

Oats, 81.

Paleolithic Age, Lower, 29; Upper, 32.

Peace, 85, 235.

Pelasgi, 257.

Piedmont zones, 105.

Pig, 77.

Piltdown skull, 29.

Pines in Denmark, 37, 171.

Pioneer life, 191, 204, 237.

Pithecanthropus, 15.

Plough, 108.

Pottery, 43, 88, 100, 153, 201.

Primates, 6, 20.

Progress, 228.

Races, human, 19; Paleolithic 180; Neolithic 193.

Religion, Paleolithic, 208; Neolithic, 206, 276; of
lake-dwellings, 84; of Indo-Europeans, 268, 276.

Rinnekalns, 47.

Ritual, 210.

River-valleys as trade-routes, 143, 190.

Roman law, 258.

Sahara, once well-watered, 22.

Salt, 139.

"_Schuhleistenbeil_" (mattock), 137.

Semites, 19, 22, 106.

Sheep, 78, 91.

Shell-heaps, 40, 172, 197.

Siwalik strata, 14.

Social development, 85.

Steppe, 27, 32, 65, 189.

Stutzheim, 57, 59.

Susa, 99.

Taboo, 211.

Tertiary period, 9.

Trade, 144; routes, 152.

Tribal education, 275.

Tridachna shells in Europe, 147.

Tumuli, 116.

Tundra, 26, 36.

Weaving, 83.

Wheat, 80, 94.

Women, position in Neolithic time, 224, 249.

Yoldia Epoch, 37, 162.

* * * * *

Transcriber's Note:

In the Bibliography, p. 294, under "CHAPTER I", there was no number 4 in the original.