Chapter IV: Part III: The Evolution of Life

I. PRELIMINARY 415
II. GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE SPECIAL-CREATION-HYPOTHESIS 417
III. GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE EVOLUTION-HYPOTHESIS 431
IV. THE ARGUMENTS FROM CLASSIFICATION 441
V. THE ARGUMENTS FROM EMBRYOLOGY 450
VI. THE ARGUMENTS FROM MORPHOLOGY 468
VII. THE ARGUMENTS FROM DISTRIBUTION 476
VIII. HOW IS ORGANIC EVOLUTION CAUSED? 490
IX. EXTERNAL FACTORS 499
X. INTERNAL FACTORS 508
XI. DIRECT EQUILIBRATION 519
XII. INDIRECT EQUILIBRATION 529
XIII. THE CO-OPERATION OF THE FACTORS 549
XIV. THE CONVERGENCE OF THE EVIDENCES 554
XIV^A. RECENT CRITICISMS AND HYPOTHESES 559

APPENDICES.
A. THE GENERAL LAW OF ANIMAL FERTILITY 577
B. THE INADEQUACY OF NATURAL SELECTION, ETC. 602
C. THE INHERITANCE OF FUNCTIONALLY-WROUGHT MODIFICATIONS: 692
A SUMMARY
D. ON ALLEGED "SPONTANEOUS GENERATION" AND ON THE 696
HYPOTHESIS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL UNITS

PART I.

THE DATA OF BIOLOGY.