Chapter XXVI (2)

_ Dædalus_: Captain McQuhæ’s account of the sea‐serpent, iv. 186
Da Gama, Vasco: the Cape of Good Hope doubled by him, i. 203;
discovery of Natal, i. 211
Dahlgren guns on the first “Monitor,” i. 23
Dampier: on the bread‐fruit, i. 238;
his re‐discovery of Australia, i. 151
Dana’s “Seaman’s Manual,” i. 51;
“Two Years Before the Mast,” i. 48, 158
Dancing on board ship, iv. 34
Danes, Dr. Kane’s meeting with, iii. 253
Danish ships, i. 263, 265
Danites at Utah and Salt Lake City, iv. 25
Darien, the Indians of: Lolonois, the pirate, killed by them, iii.
28
Darling, Grace: wreck of the “Forfarshire,” iv. 64
Darling, Maggie and Jessie: their rescue of sailors in the St.
Lawrence River, iv. 64
Dartmouth, iv. 224
_ Dartmouth_ in Boston Harbour, ii. 65–69;
tea thrown overboard, 69, 72
Darwin: on coral reefs, iv. 74, 76;
on Infusoria, 113
D’Avila, Alvares: his defence of Gibraltar, i. 92
Dawkins, Captain, of the _Vanguard_: loss of the ship, i. 63, 65
De Veer, Gerrit: map of Nova Zembla, iii. 131
Davis, John, the pirate, iii. 16
Davis, John: his Arctic explorations, iii. 127, 128
Davy, Sir Humphry: fecundity of the salmon, iv. 164
Davy Jones’s Locker and its Treasures: pearls, corals, sponges,
diving, iv. 66–90
“Dead‐heads” on American railways, iv. 26
Deal: view on the coast; life‐boats, ii. 229, 232
Deal, iv. 242;
life‐boat, _ib._
Deal hovellers, ii. 247, 248
Decisive voyages in history: Diaz, Columbus, Vasco da Gama,
companions and followers of Columbus; Captain Cook, iii. 281
Deep‐sea soundings: cruise of the _Challenger_, i. 28, 30;
the accumulator and other apparatus, 29, 30, 35
“Defensor de Pedro,” the ship of De Soto, the pirate, iii. 79
Defoe’s “Robinson Crusoe:” the island of Juan Fernandez, i. 33
De Gusman: Gibraltar besieged by him, i. 91, 92
Delorme, Dupuy: “Napoleon” constructed by, i. 226
Deptford: old Deptford dockyard, i. 280; ii. 37;
Peter the Great, 38;
Saye’s Court, 39
De Quiros, Pedro Fernandez: discovery of the New Hebrides, i. 151;
his discoveries in the southern hemisphere, iii. 277
De Ruyter, Admiral, on the Medway, ii. 31
Desertion: from the navy; mutiny of the _Bounty_, i. 235, 239;
mutiny of the _Nore_, 254;
the _Wager_, ii. 53
Desolation Island, iii. 279
De Soto Benito, the pirate: his cruelty, iii. 78–84;
executed, 83
“Deutschland,” Wreck of the, ii. 114, 273
De Veer: narrative of Barents’s voyage of discovery, iii. 134, 138
Devil‐fish, iv. 146
Devil’s Frying‐pan, Cornwall, iv. 225
Devonshire coast scenery, iv. 199
Devonshire boys on training‐ships, i. 46
Diamond fields of South Africa, i. 210
Diamond Rock, Martinique: the _Centaur_, i. 161, 187
Diaz, Bartholomew de: his discovery of the Cape of Good Hope, i.
203; iii. 282, 284;
sea passage from Portugal to India, iii. 281
Dibdin, Charles, and his two sons; their sea‐songs, iv. 298
Dickens, Charles: his first trip to America, iv. 3–12
Dip of the magnetic needle, iii. 187
Discipline, Value of; the _Vanguard_, i. 65;
“Kent,” East Indiaman, 64, 68, 69, 71, 74;
wreck of the _Alceste_, i. 82, 83;
loss of the “Birkenhead,” i. 74, 75;
want of discipline in the wreck of the “Medusa,” i. 75–82
Disco, _Alert_ and _Discovery_ at, iii. 92, 93;
“Pandora” at, iii. 95;
entrance to music‐hall, 96
_ Discovery_, Henry Hudson’s ship, iii. 146
_ Discovery_, Captain Cook’s ship, iii. 155, 318
_ Discovery_: departure from Portsmouth with the _Alert_, iii. 84;
narrative of the expedition, 99–114
Divers at work, iv. 85
Divers attacked by a sword‐fish, iv. 84
Diving for pearls, iv. 69
Diving for wreckage: the diving‐bell, iv. 79
Diving dress, iv. 86.
(_See_ Swimming.)
_ Dobb’s Galley_: its expedition to the Arctic regions, iii. 154
Dogs in M‘Clintock’s Arctic expedition, iii. 219, 225
Dogs, Edible, iii. 220
Dogs, Wild, at Tortuga, iii. 7
Dog‐fish, iv. 162, 164, 262
Dominica, i. 187
_ Dorothea_ in the ice, iii. 165, 166, 167
Doughtie, Master, executed by Drake for mutiny, i. 307
Douglas Pines of British Columbia used for canoes, i. 167
Dover, iv. 239, 240
Drake, Sir Francis: the Spanish Armada, i. 284, 286, 288;
his first view of the Pacific, 289, 302;
his ships, _Judith_, _Pascha_, _Swan_; his attack on Nombre de
Dios, 302;
at the Isthmus of Panama, 303;
passes the Straits of Magellan, 305;
his circumnavigation of the globe, _ib._;
natives of Seal Bay, 306;
execution of a mutineer, 307;
his ship, the _Golden Hinde_, 308;
portrait, 309;
treasure ship, “Cacafuego” taken by him, 311;
arrival at Ternate, 312;
at San Francisco, _ib._;
at Celebes, 313;
death, funeral, and character, 314
_ Drake_ taken by Paul Jones, iii. 75
Draper, Rev. Mr., lost in the “London,” ii. 294
_ Dreadnought_, i. 5
_ Dreadnought_, hospital ship, ii. 120; iv. 285
Dredges at work on the Suez Canal, i. 112, 113
Dredging in the deep sea, i. 30, 31
Dredging instruments on board the _Challenger_, i. 38
Drinkwater’s “Siege of Gibraltar,” i. 16, 91, 97
Drowning. (_See_ Swimming.)
Duel of English and French ships, i. 271
Duncan, Admiral, addressing his crew on the _Venerable_, mutiny of
the Nore, i. 253
Dundas, Lord: Symington’s steam vessel, “Charlotte Dundas,” ii. 84
Dundonald, Earl of: his “Autobiography of a Seaman,” i. 216
Dunmore, Lord: life saved by him from shipwreck, iv. 243
D’Urville, Admiral: discovery of South Polar Land, iii. 279
D’Urville, Dumont: Trepang fishery at Raffles’ Bay, iv. 127
Dust falling at Shanghai, i. 125
Dutch East India Company, ii. 13
Dutch fisheries, ii. 23
Dutch naval war, ii. 30;
Martin Tromp, _ib._;
Admiral Van Tromp, 31
Dutch shipping and English compared by Raleigh, ii. 10
Dutch voyages of discovery, iii. 129
Dyke Sand: the Goodwins, ii. 255
Dynamite, its explosive power, ii. 152

“Earl of Balcarras,” East Indiaman, ii. 15
Earthquakes: at Shanghai, i. 123;
California, 162;
West Indies, 186
Eastbourne, iv. 235
East India Company; its history, ii. 11
East India Station, i. 119
Echinoderms, iv. 126
Edinburgh, His Royal Highness the Duke of: the _Galatea_ at the
Cape, i. 205, 209
Edward III.: his fleet, i. 271, 272
Edwards, Captain Edward: expedition of the _Pandora_ to find the
mutineers of the _Bounty_, i. 244–246
Eddystone Lighthouse, ii. 156;
its history, 159;
Winstanley’s lighthouse, _ib._;
Rudyerd’s, 161–163;
Smeaton’s, 164–171;
views of former and present lighthouses, 160, 161, 168;
interior of the light chamber, 171;
portrait of Smeaton, 170
“Effort” on the Goodwin Sands, ii. 247
Egerton, Sub‐lieutenant, in Arctic exploration, iii. 105, 106
Egyptian galleys, i. 259
Eider ducks and their eggs, iii. 167, 251, 252
El Dorado, The search for, ii. 4
Electrical phenomenon at Cape Horn, i. 176
Electricity employed to remove the _Royal George_, i. 62
Ekenhead, Lieutenant: his swim with Byron across the Hellespont, iv.
257
Electric light for lighthouses, ii. 187
Elephant‐hunting in South Africa, i. 208
Elizabeth, Queen: her navy, i. 232, 282;
the Spanish Armada, 283–291;
Drake’s circumnavigation of the globe, 314;
her patronage of Gilbert and Raleigh; present to Gilbert, 316;
encouragement of Frobisher, iii. 123, 124
Elliott, General: his defence of Gibraltar, i. 16–18
El Puerto del Santa Maria, Cuba: taken by the pirate Morgan, iii. 30
“Ely”: rescue of the “Woolpacket,” Bideford Bay, ii. 251, 252
Emigration of Chinese to California, i. 162
Emigration: to Australia, i. 154;
Cape of Good Hope, 210;
America, ii. 62, 69;
Melbourne, iv. 54, 55
Engineers on board ship, i. 224–226;
engine room of the _Warrior_, 225;
rank and pay of engineers, _ib._
English sailors, i. 226
Enisco, M. F. de: his generosity to Nicuesa, iii. 309;
his expeditions, capture of gold, iii. 314
_ Enterprise_: search for Franklin, iii. 211, 214
_ Erebus_, Franklin’s ship in his last voyage, iii. 207
_ Erebus_ and _Terror_ among the icebergs, iii. 193;
discovery of relics, 227
Ericsson, Captain John: his battery in the first “Monitor,” i. 23;
portrait, ii. 97;
introduction of the screw‐propeller, 102
Espinosa, Spanish admiral: his letter to the pirate Morgan, iii. 39
Esquemeling, Joseph, a bucanier: his account of them, iii. 3, 6
Esquimalt, Vancouver Island, i. 163, 165
Esquimaux, The, iii. 117;
described by Frobisher, 123;
portraits, 172;
snow village, 173, 174;
Franklin’s fight with Esquimaux, 195;
kaiyacks and boat, 196;
Dr. Kane at Etah, 238, 251;
relics of Franklin, 225;
plot against Dr. Hayes in Dr. Kane’s expedition, 241;
a laudanum stew, 243;
snow‐houses, 244;
portrait of Kalutunah, 245;
sledges and team of dogs, 163, 225
Esquiros, Alphonse: on “English Seamen and Divers,” i. 42;
on street arabs, 47;
on Lloyd’s, ii. 125–128;
on the diving‐bell, iv. 81, 83
Etah, Esquimaux at, iii. 251
Eugénie, Empress of the French, at the inauguration of the Suez
Canal, i. 115
Euplectella (Venus’s flower‐basket,), i. 30, 32
_ Eurydice_ training‐ship: lost off the Isle of Wight, iv. 227, 228

Falconer, James; his poem “The Shipwreck,” iv. 297;
his Marine Dictionary, _ib._
Falkland Islands, i. 176
Falmouth: its history, iv. 222;
lighthouse, _ib._;
harbour, i. 72
Farmer Peck’s Inn, Simon’s Bay, i. 206
Fat: its influence on longevity, iv. 168
Faulkner, Captain R., in the _Bellona_ takes the “Courageux,” i. 228
Fearney, William, Nelson’s bargeman at the battle of St. Vincent, i.
8
Fearon, Colonel: burning of the “Kent,” i. 69
Female pirates: Mary Read and Anne Bonney, iii. 67, 68
Ferdinand and Isabella: surrender of Gibraltar to, i. 92;
their negotiations with and support of Columbus, ii. 286;
reception of him after his first voyage, 289, 293;
his second and third voyages, 295;
his arrest and subsequent treatment, 296, 297;
their conduct to Ojèda and Nicuesa, 307
Fernandez, Juan: his supposed Antarctic voyage, iii. 276
Ferry‐boats at New York, i. 196, 197
Field, Cyrus W.: his promotion of submarine telegraphy, iv. 98–100
Figuier: on sea‐monsters, i. 31;
foraminifera, iv. 112;
mussels, 130;
oysters, 131;
pteropoda, 142
Fiji Islands, iv. 47
Filey, iv. 252
Fins of fish as organs of locomotion, iv. 159
Fire: The Ship on Fire; burning of the “Amazon,” ii. 256, 278–290
Fires in Californian forests, i. 166
Fire‐ships attacking the Spanish Armada, i. 288
Fish‐life: voices of fish; Do fish sleep? iv. 178
Fish, Anatomy of, iv. 159
Fish‐bladder, iv. 159
Fish: salmon in British Columbia, i. 164, 168, 170, 171;
cod in Behring Sea, 170
Fish: Dutch fisheries, ii. 23
Fisheries of Cornwall, iv. 215, 216
Fish at Juan Fernandez, i. 34
Fiskernæs, South Greenland, iii. 164
Fitch’s improvements in steam vessels, ii. 85, 89
Fitzjames, Captain, of the _Erebus_, iii. 230
Flags of the World, Naval, ii. 1
Flamborough Head, iv. 251
Floating ice, iii. 125, 130
Floating light‐ships, iv. 244
Flogging in the Navy, i. 51–53
Flying‐fish, i. 80; iv. 162, 164
Fogs: loss of the _Vanguard_, i. 63–67
Fog in the Polar regions, iii. 111, 166, 182, 183, 259
Fog‐horns, or Siren signals, iv. 280
Foraminifera, iv. 111
Forecastle pest‐houses, ii. 121
Forest, Submerged, iv. 199
“Forfarshire,” Wreck of the, iv. 64
Fortifications of Cherbourg, ii. 189;
of Portland, 195
Fort Enterprise, Franklin at, iii. 188, 190, 193
Forts and ships of war at Sebastopol, i. 14, 15
Fossil ivory, iii. 162
“Fougueux” taken at Trafalgar, i. 11
“Fox”: the search for Franklin, iii. 215
Franklin, Sir John: his tombstone, iii. 98;
Arctic voyages, 166, 168, 178, 189, 190, 191, 193, 195;
his last voyage, 204;
portrait, 205;
memoir, 206;
the search for, 207–232;
relics found by Dr. Rae, 215;
other relics, 227, 229, 231
Franklin, Lady: her advocacy and support of Polar exploration, iii.
92, 93, 98;
search for Sir John Franklin, 207, 215, 222
Franz Josef Land, discovered by Lieutenant Payer, iii. 272
Frederick William, Emperor of Germany: Arctic expedition of the
“Germania” and “Hansa,” iii. 259
Free‐board of the _Captain_, i. 54
Free Town, Sierra Leone, i. 202, 204
Freezing, The sleepy comfort of: Dr. Kane’s experience, iii. 237
French ironclads, i. 83
French sailors, i. 226
Frobisher, Sir Martin: the Spanish Armada, i. 284, 287;
his voyages of discovery, iii. 123, 124, 126;
portrait, 128
Frobisher’s Strait, iii. 146
Frost‐bite, iii. 171
Fruit at Shanghai, i. 123;
in South Australia, 154
Fulton, Robert: steam navigation, ii. 87–95;
submarine boat, 88;
“Clermont,” 93;
portrait, 95;
his torpedoes and torpedo boat, ii. 149, 153
Funeral at sea, ii. 153
Fur‐sealing: Alaska and San Francisco, i. 170, 171
_ Fury_: Arctic voyage, iii. 172, 176
Fusaro, Lake: its oysters, iv. 136

_ Galatea_, Cruise of the, i. 205
“Gallia,” Atlantic steamer, iv. 3
“Gamo,” Spanish frigate, taken by Admiral Cochrane, i. 219
Gann, John: his diving apparatus, iv. 87
Garry Island: Franklin’s flag unfurled, iii. 194
Gasparin, Madame de; her reminiscences of a thunderstorm, iv. 193
Gasteropoda, iv. 139
Gems in Ceylon, i. 119
George II.’s navy, i. 232;
laws against wrecking, ii. 237
George IV.; Lukin’s life‐boat, ii. 210
Georgia, Gulf of, i. 166, 167
Géricault’s painting of the raft of the “Medusa,” i. 81, 82
German Arctic expeditions, iii. 258
“Germania,” Arctic exploring ship, iii. 258, 267
Gerritz, Dirk, discovery of Southern Polar land, iii. 277, 278
Gibraltar, Siege of: red‐hot shot, i. 16, 17, 18;
view from the mainland, 65;
Browning’s lines on the Straits, 87;
history of the rock, 88;
sieges, _ib._;
view of the Neutral Ground, 89;
Stephens’s “History of the Place and its Sieges,” 90;
first taken by England, 93, 94;
Moorish tower, 93;
Spanish attempts to regain the place, 94, 95;
Sayer’s “History of Gibraltar,” 95, 96;
the great siege, _ib._;
the rock described, 96;
monkeys, 97;
Morgan’s attack on, iii. 33, 39
Gibraltar, a town in Venezuela, iii. 20;
taken by pirates, 21, 22, 23, 25
Gilbert, W. S.: his operettas, iv. 303
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey: colonisation and trade with America, i. 315;
Queen Elizabeth’s patronage and present, 315, 316;
voyage to Newfoundland, 316;
possession taken, 318;
Gilbert’s fate, 317, 319;
his advocacy of the discovery of the North‐west Passage, iii.
123, 126
Gilmore, Rev. W.: “Storm Warriors; or, Lifeboat Work,” ii. 217;
hovellers and wreckers, ii. 245, 247, 253
Girvan, Private, a diver: his submarine combat with Corporal Jones,
iv. 88
Glaciers, iii. 155, 166
Globe‐fish, iv. 162, 164
Globigerina, from the Atlantic, i. 32
_ Gloucester_, Commodore Anson’s ship, ii. 46, 50, 56, 57
Goats in Malta, i. 99
Goat Island, San Francisco, i. 157
Goggles worn in Arctic exploration, iii. 110
Going aloft, i. 97
Gold: in Australia, discovered by Hargreaves, i. 151; iv. 55;
in California, i. 158;
miners’ vicissitudes, 164;
Cariboo mines, British Columbia, i. 163, 164;
search for El Dorado, ii. 4, 6;
Frobisher’s voyage in search of, iii. 125, 126;
voyages of Columbus, iii. 291, 293, 294, 295;
of Ojeda, Nino, and De Bastides, 303, 306;
taken from Indians by Nicuesa, 311;
by Enisco, 314
Gold‐washing, Ancient, at St. Domingo, iii. 293
Golden State and City. (_See_ California, San Francisco.)
_ Golden Hinde_: Drake’s circumnavigating ship, i. 308–314;
Sir Humphrey Gilbert’s expedition, 318
Goodwin Sands and Life‐boats, ii. 198, 215;
wreck of the “Samaritano,” 217–223;
“Violet,” 224;
“Fusileer,” _ib._;
Portuguese brig, 225;
other wrecks, 229, 230;
loss of the “Effort,” 247;
“Albion” lugger‐hovelling: the lugger lost, 248, 249;
the sands described, _ib._;
map, at low water, 252;
rescue of “La Marguerite,” 253;
the Sands mentioned by Shakespeare, iv. 294
Gosnold, Captain: first direct voyage to America, ii. 10
Gosse, P. H.: growth of echinoderms, iv. 126;
hermit crabs, 154;
attractions of the sea‐shore, 191;
on the sea coast, 194;
enormous Medusæ, 195;
sea anemones, 196, 198;
rapid influx of the tide, 197;
Devonshire coast scenery, 199;
spinous cockle, 204
Granada: the Moors in Spain, i. 88, 90;
at Gibraltar, 94
Great American Desert, iv. 22
“Great Britain,” ii. 102
“Great Eastern,” i. 13;
its tonnage, 232;
contrasted with the _Great Harry_, 232, 233;
first and subsequent voyages, ii. 134–137;
arrival at New York, 136;
gale off Cape Clear, 128, 137;
its history, _ib._;
Brunel and Scott Russell, 130;
their portraits, 129;
view and launch of the ship, 130–133;
laying the Submarine Atlantic Telegraph Cable, iv. 3, 102–110
Great Fish River, iii. 217
_ Great Harry_, i. 275, 282;
contrasted with the “Great Eastern,” 233
Greathead’s Life‐boats, ii. 209, 210, 211
“Great Michael,” James IV. of Scotland, i. 281
Great Mogul’s ship taken by Avery, the pirate, iii. 60, 61
“Great Queensland,” blown up, ii. 122
“Great Western” steam‐ship, ii. 101, 106
Grecian ships, i. 261
Greene, Henry: his mutiny against Hudson, iii. 147;
killed by natives of Labrador, 148
Greenland, iii. 95;
its colonisation, 116, 117;
James Hall at, 143;
Henry Hudson at, 146;
William Baffin at, 149;
icebergs, _ib._;
change in the ice‐fields, 162;
Sir John Ross at, 163;
portraits of Esquimaux, 172;
a snow village, 173, 174;
view of Whale Sound, 233;
of Cape Alexander, 249
Greenwich: Peter the Great and Halley, ii. 40
Grinnell, H.: American expedition in search of Franklin, iii. 214;
the “Advance” fitted out by him; Dr. Kane’s search for
Franklin, 233;
Dr. Hayes’s Arctic expedition in the “United States,” iii. 255
_ Griper_: Arctic voyages, iii. 168, 169, 176
Grippe, or mistral, i. 107
Grog, Admiral Vernon (“Old Grog”): his grogram tunic, i. 51
Grog on ship‐board, i. 44
“Grosser Kurfürst,” Loss of the, iv. 238
Grylls, Lieut. R.N., a survivor of the burning of the “Amazon,” ii.
282, 287, 288
Guadaloupe discovered by Columbus, iii. 294
Guano ships, ii. 122, 123
Guard ships, i. 44
Guiana, Raleigh’s expeditions to, ii. 8
Guillemard’s “Over Land and Sea”: Honolulu, Fiji, iv. 47
Gulf Stream, iv. 91
Gulf Stream light‐vessel on the Goodwin Sands, iv. 245
Gulf of Georgia, i. 166, 167
Guns: gunnery of war‐ships. (_See_ Artillery)
Guy Fawkes burnt in the Arctic regions, iii. 219
“Gwenissa” wrecked near Tramore, ii. 258;
Ronayne’s bravery in saving life, 257–261

Haddock: “Finnan haddies”; fishing in Scotland, iv. 175
Hakluyt’s lines on the British navy, i. 273;
on the execution of Doughtie by Drake for mutiny, 307;
defeat of the Spanish Armada, 289;
slave‐trade, 297;
on early voyages of discovery, iii. 119
Haliburton, Judge: erection and history of the town of Halifax, i.
199
Halibut, or Holibut, iv. 175
Halifax, Nova Scotia, i. 198;
the town, harbour, lighthouses, _ib._;
history, 199;
“Blue Noses,” _ib._
Hall, Captain Basil, R.N.: “Life in Chili,” i. 174;
electrical phenomenon at Cape Horn, 176;
sharks, iv. 160
Hall, Captain C. F., his Arctic expedition in the “Polaris,” iii.
268;
his death and funeral, 268, 269
Hall, James: attempt to discover the North‐west Passage, iii. 143,
149
Halley’s diving‐bell, iv. 81
Hamilton, Bermuda, i. 187, 188
Hammerhead, iv. 162
Hannay, James, on wasteful expenditure in naval construction, i. 47
Hanno’s voyage to Africa, i. 259
“Hansa,” Arctic exploring ship, iii. 258, 260;
sinking of the ship, 261, 262;
the crew in a coal‐house on an ice‐raft, 257, 260, 263;
breaking up of the floe, 265;
eight months on the ice‐raft, 266
Hardy, Captain, at the Battle of Trafalgar, i. 10
Hargreave, E. H.: his discovery of gold in Australia, i. 151, 153
Harpa, a univalve shell, iv. 145
Harris, Corporal: his diving exploits, iv. 87
Hartstene, Captain: his search for and meeting with Dr. Kane, iii.
254
Harvey, Captain, of the _Téméraire_, at Trafalgar, i. 10
Harvey, Captain: his torpedo, ii. 153, 155
Harwich, iv. 247, 248
Hastings, iv. 236;
battle of Hastings, _ib._
Havana, i. 184;
slave labour, 185
Hawaian Islands. (_See_ Sandwich Islands.)
Hawkins, Sir John: the Spanish Armada, i. 284;
his ships; capture of slaves, 295–301;
his high‐handed trading, 297;
coat of arms, 298;
portrait, 300;
action at St. Juan de Ulloa, 301
Hayes, Dr.: his sufferings in Dr. Kane’s expedition, iii. 240, 241;
his Arctic expedition in the “United States,” iii. 255
Hayti discovered by Columbus, iii. 291;
its early history, 205
Heard Island, i. 34
_ Hecla_: Arctic voyages, iii. 169, 170
Heemskirk, Gibraltar attacked by, i. 92
Hegemann, Captain: Arctic expedition of the “Hansa,” iii. 257, 259,
267
Héhaux, Brittany, Lighthouse, ii. 178
Hemans, Mrs.: lines on shipwrecks, ii. 296;
her “Casabianca,” iv. 299
_ Henri Grace de Dieu_. (_See_ _Great Harry_.)
Henry V., his fleet, i. 273
Henry VII.: Acts for regulating the Navy, i. 277
Henry VIII.’s navy, i. 232, 273, 282;
royal navy first established, 275;
encouragement of voyages of discovery, iii. 119, 120; iv. 288
Hepburn, a sailor in Richardson’s Arctic expedition; his heroism,
iii. 189, 193
_ Herald_ sent in search of Franklin, iii. 207, 211
Hermit crab, iv. 154, 156
Hero of the Humber, John Ellerthorpe, iv. 267
“Héros,” i. 7
Herrings and the Herring Fishery, iv. 168–171;
supposed cabalistic markings of the herring, 168;
mode of curing, 169;
fisheries of Yarmouth, Wick, and Holland, _ib._;
inexhaustible supplies, 170, 171, 250
Hickley, Captain, of the _Iron Duke_: loss of the _Vanguard_, i. 63
Hiero’s floating palace, i. 260
Hirst, Robert: his escape from the _Captain_, i. 55, 57
Hispaniola discovered by Columbus, iii. 291
History of the sea, i. 1
Hoboken, New York, i. 195
Hobson, Captain W. R.: “Fox” expedition in search of Franklin, iii.
216, 226;
his discovery of a record of the expedition, 226, 229, 230
Hodder, Edwin, “Heroes of Britain in Peace and War,” iv. 267
Hogg, James, the Ettrick shepherd; growth, changes, and migration of
the salmon, iv. 165, 166
Holothuria: trepang fisheries, iv. 127, 128
Holyhead Breakwater, ii. 197
Holystoning a ship’s deck, i. 49
Home for Disabled and Worn‐out Merchant Seamen, Belvedere, Kent, iv.
273
Honduras discovered by Columbus, iii. 296
Hong Kong, i. 119.
(_See_ Victoria.)
Honolulu, View and account of, iv. 33, 45, 46
Hood, Admiral Lord, i. 4, 6
Hood, Captain: Arctic exploration, iii. 189, 193
Hood, Thomas: his poem, “The Demon Ship,” iv. 303
Horace: on the Sea, iv. 290, 291
Hore’s voyage of discovery encouraged by Henry VIII., iii. 120
Horses, Wild, at Tortuga, iii. 7
Hotham, Admiral, i. 7
Hovellers: at the Goodwin Sands, ii. 199;
hovelling _v._ wrecking, 245;
services of hovellers, _ib._;
hovellers associated with wreckers, 247;
dangers of the hoveller’s life, 249;
wreck of the “Woolpacket,” 251
Howard of Effingham, Lord: defeat of the Spanish Armada, i. 284
Howe, Admiral Lord: mutiny at Spithead, i. 250, 251
“Huascar” and “Shah”: action between them, i. 26
Hubner, Baron: the passage from San Francisco to Japan, iv. 35–37;
Yokohama, 40
Hudson, Henry: his Polar voyages, iii. 144, 146;
mutiny, cast adrift and lost, 147, 148;
Hudson River, Bay and Strait, iii. 144, 146
Hudson River, i. 195; iii. 144;
its discovery, 146
Hudson’s Bay Company and the Californian currency, i. 165, 167; iii.
151, 154;
the search for Franklin, 207
Huer, or watcher, in pilchard fishing, iv. 173
Hull, E. W.: his device for saving life at the wreck of the
“Killarney,” ii. 315
Hummocks in the Polar Seas, iii. 97, 137, 181
Hunt, Mr. Ward: on the loss of the _Vanguard_, i. 67
Hurricanes, iv. 95
Hydrozoa, iv. 115
Hyères, naval fight off, i. 7

Ice in the Polar Seas, iii. 99–114, 125, 133;
formation of “young ice,” 172;
old and young ice, 172, 182, 200, 260;
“the edge of the pack,” 180;
cutting ice docks, 208;
ice mountains, 209;
hummocks, 181;
Back’s account of the growth of ice, 200
Ice and snow on American railways, iv. 21, 28
Ice. (_See_ Antarctic ice.)
Icebergs, i. 35; iii. 149, 155, 162, 166, 170, 197, 201, 218, 264,
265, 277;
an iceberg breaking up, iii. 129, 133;
narrow escape of Dr. Kane in the “Advance,” iii. 234
Icelandic explorers of the Arctic regions, iii. 16
Ice Point and Ice Haven, Nova Zembla, iii. 139, 142
“Impératrice:” chest of gold recovered by divers, iv. 86
Inaccessible Island: rescue of two voluntary Crusoes, i. 39
Ince, Henry: the sea serpent, iv. 185
Inchcape Rock: bell signal, ii. 173;
lighthouse, 173–176
Indiana, iv. 14
_ Inflexible_, turret ship: its cost, i. 231; ii. 144
Infusoria: their propagation, iv. 113
Ingram: his escape from the _Royal George_, i. 61
Inman line of steam‐ships, ii. 111
“Inverness,” plundered by wreckers, ii. 241, 244
_ Investigator_: search for Franklin, iii. 211–213;
the ship abandoned, 214
Ipswich, iv. 247
Irish moss or Carrageen, iv. 202
Iron and wooden ships, i. 9, 13, 84, 138–146
Ironclad war ships, i. 13, 14, 18, 19, 26, 27, 54;
their cost, 59, 66, 83, 231; ii. 148;
_ Iron Duke_ and _Vanguard_, i. 63–66;
circular ironclads, ii. 148;
rams, 155;
turret ships. (_See_ Monitors.)
Iron steamers introduced, ii. 99, 102
_ Iron Duke_: loss of the _Vanguard_, i. 63–66
Irons’s “Settler’s Guide to the Cape of Good Hope,” i. 210
Isabella of Spain: Gibraltar surrendered to, i. 92.
(_See_ Ferdinand and Isabella.)
Island of Desolation, iii. 279
Islands of the Pacific: Map, i. 245
Isle of Wight, iv. 227
Ismaïlia, on the line of the Suez Canal, i. 110, 114
Isthmus of Panama, Drake at the, i. 303
Ivigtut: visit of the “Pandora,” iii. 95
Ivory, fossil, iii. 162

Jamaica: views in, i. 180, 181;
Kingston town and harbour, 183;
sugar plantations, 183;
Blue Mountain Peak, _ib._;
treasure taken by the pirate Morgan sent there, iii. 50;
the island discovered by Columbus, 94
James II.’s Navy, i. 232; ii. 22
James, Sir Henry: on the loss of the _Vanguard_, i. 67
James Town, St. Helena, i. 212
Japan: i. 127–131;
customs and costumes, 130;
election and revenue of the Tycoon, _ib._;
Fusiyama Mountain, 129, 131;
a tea mart, 133;
Yokohama, iv. 40;
a Japanese dinner, 42
Java, i. 144
Jelly‐fish, iv. 116, 147
Jennings, Captain Henry: a bucanier, iii. 3
Jersey City, New York, i. 195
Jervis, Sir John: battle of St. Vincent, i. 7, 9
Jessop, Josias: Smeaton’s assistant at the Eddystone Lighthouse, ii.
165, 166
“Jesus:” Sir John Hawkins’ ship; the slave trade, i. 299
Jiddah, i. 117;
view from the sea, _ib._
John, King: his fleet, i. 271
John, King of Portugal: his patronage of Bartholomew Diaz, iii. 281
Johns, Rev. C. A.: “The Loss of the Amazon,” ii. 278, 288;
smuggling on the Cornish coast, iv. 210;
search for treasure trove, 222
Johnson, Dr.: on the perils of the sea, i. 42
Jones, Lance‐corporal: his diving exploits, iv. 88
Jones, Paul, the privateer, iii. 71–78;
portrait, 77
Juan Fernandez: Robinson Crusoe’s island, i. 33, 36; ii. 50
“Judith,” Sir John Hawkins’s ship, i. 299, 302
Junks, Chinese, i. 147–149

Kalosh Indians in Alaska, i. 169, 170
Kalutunah, an Esquimaux, iii. 242;
portrait, 245
Kamchatka, Kamtschatka: i. 131, 135, 137;
orthography of the word, iii. 160;
Russian expedition to, 160, 162
Kanakas, as sailors, i. 43
Kane, Dr.: his expedition in search of Franklin, iii. 230–254;
portrait, 236
Kangaroos, i. 151
“Keels” on the Tyne, i. 263
Kellett, Captain: search for Franklin in the _Herald_, iii. 207,
211;
“Fox” expedition in search of Franklin, iii. 216
Kempenfelt, Admiral: lost in the _Royal George_, i. 60
“Kent,” East Indiaman, burning of the, i. 64–74
Kentish Knock Light‐ship, ii. 273, 274
Kerguelen’s discoveries in the Southern hemisphere, iii. 277
Kerguelen’s Land, i. 34
Kidd, Captain Robert, the pirate, iii. 56–59;
his trial and execution, 58, 59
“Killarney,” Wreck of the, ii. 304–317;
rescue of survivors, 316
King, Governor: his description of Australia, i. 153
King crabs, iv. 152
Kingman, Captain: phosphorescence of the sea, iv. 97
Kingsley, Charles: on sailors; Amyas Leigh, i. 43;
Trinidad, Jamaica, Havana, 180, 182, 185, 186;
his “Three Fishers,” iv. 299
Kingston Harbour, Jamaica, i. 181, 183;
the Palisades; Port Royal; town of Kingston, i. 183
Kitchiner, Dr., on oysters, iv. 133
Knight, John: attempt to discover the north‐west passage, iii. 143;
remnants of his expedition, 145, 153
Knights of St. John of Malta, i. 98, 99, 101, 103
Knights Templars, i. 101
Knock Sands, ii. 254
Knowles, Captain, lost in the “Northfleet”: his bravery, ii. 263–267
Knysna, Cape of Good Hope, i. 208, 209
Koldewey, Captain: Arctic expeditions; the “Germania” and “Hansa,”
iii. 259
Kondylostoma patens, a microscopic infusorian, iv. 113
Kraken: sea‐serpent, iv. 149.
(_See_ Sea‐serpent.)

La Cosa, Juan de: his expeditions to America, iii. 303, 304, 307,
308, 309, 310;
his character and death, 309, 310, 311
Lacquer‐work in Japan, iv. 40
“Lady Franklin”: the search for Franklin, iii. 207
La Hogue, battle of, ii. 32
Lake Menzaleh, on the Suez Canal; catching pelicans, i. 112, 116
“La Marguerite,” on the Goodwin Sands, ii. 253
Lambert, James, a blind native of Calton, a suburb of Glasgow: his
heroism in saving life from drowning, iv. 268
Land crabs, iv. 152, 153
Land’s End, iv. 207
Lapland, Dutch Expedition to, iii. 142
La Perouse: his monument in Petropaulovski, i. 132
Lardner, Dr.: steam navigation, ii. 106
Lascars, as sailors, i. 43
Las Casas: his account of Spaniards in America, iii. 312, 313
Laube, Dr.: Arctic voyage of the “Hansa,” iii. 259, 263
Laudanum stew given to treacherous Esquimaux, iii. 243
La Valette: his defence of Malta, i. 102
Lay’s torpedo, ii. 151, 153
Leake, Sir John: his defence of Gibraltar, i. 94
Leeuw, Hannequin, the pirate, i. 275
Leigh, Amyas, the hero of Kingsley’s “Westward Ho!” i. 43
Lentzé, Herr: his co‐operation with M. de Lesseps, i. 111
Lesseps, F. M. de: the Suez Canal, i. 107
Letters of Marque, i. 270; iii. 2
Lewis, Richard: “The Life‐boat and its Work,” ii. 210
Lewson, Admiral Sir Richard, ii. 19
Liessou, M.: his co‐operation with M. de Lesseps in the Suez Canal,
i. 110
Life saved from shipwrecks; statistics, ii. 320; iv. 262, 267
Lifeboat, The, ii. 209–235;
its origin and history, 210;
Lionel Lukin, _ib._;
Wouldhave and Greathead, _ib._;
George IV., _ib._;
Duke of Northumberland, 211;
Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe, _ib._;
National Life‐boat Institution, _ib._;
Sir William Hillary, 212;
saving life on the “St. George,” 213;
“self‐righting,” 214;
“Aid,” steam‐tug, Ramsgate, 215–234;
“Ann,” loss of a lifeboat, 212, 216;
“Samaritano” wrecked; saving of life, 217–223;
loss of a Portuguese brig, 225–228;
lifeboat and carriage, 217;
group of lifeboat men, 229;
“Providentia,” 230–236;
at Penzance, iv. 219;
at Padstow, 221;
Deal, 242
Lighthouse, The, and its history, ii. 156;
Pharos of Alexandria, 158;
Roman Pharos, Dover, _ib._;
Tower of Cordouan, 157;
the Eddystone, its history and construction, 156, 159–171;
lighthouses of the British Channel, 171;
the “Bell Rock” lighthouse on the Inchcape Rock, 173;
lighthouse on the Skerryvore Rocks, 175–178;
lighthouse of Héhaux, Brittany, 178–181;
lighthouses on land; Maplin Sands light, 182;
Port Fleetwood, _ib._;
iron lighthouses, _ib._;
the lanterns, 183, 187;
tallow candles, _ib._;
coal fires, _ib._;
Argand burner, 184;
reflectors, _ib._;
electric light at sea, 185;
flashing, revolving, and coloured lights, 184, 186;
lanterns obscured by moths, bees, and birds, 187;
St. Anthony’s Point, Falmouth, iv. 222;
Bishop Rock Lighthouse, ii. 269, 270;
Lizard light, iv. 208;
Wolf lighthouse, 210
Light vessel on the Goodwin Sands, iv. 244
_ Lightning_, Scientific cruise of the, i. 30
Lima, i. 172;
Sir F. Drake at, 310
Limpets, iv. 40
Lindsay, W. S., his “History of Merchant Shipping,” i. 3, 266; ii.
11, 14, 99, 117, 119; iv. 10
Lisbon, view in the 16th century, iii. 281
Liverpool: statistics of shipping, ii. 198;
“Liverpool,” tugboat at the wreck of the “Deutschland,” ii.
273, 274
Livingston, Robert R.: his association with Fulton; early steam
vessels, ii. 90–93;
“Clermont,” 93
Living wonders of the ocean, iv. 160
Lizard Rock and Lizard Light, iv. 208, 223;
shipwreck, 224
Lloyd’s: classification of ships, ii. 123;
interior and exterior of Lloyd’s, 124, 125;
history of Lloyd’s, 125, 126;
Underwriter’s room, 128
Lobsters, iv. 151, 154, 157
Lobster fishing, iv. 156
Lobster, blind, from the Atlantic, i. 31, 32
“Locker,” the word; “Davy Jones’s Locker and its Treasures;” pearls,
corals, sponges, diving, iv. 66–90
Loggan Stone, iv. 208
Lolonois, Francis, the Pirate, iii. 16–28
London: statistics of shipping, ii. 198;
Great Storm of 1703, 207
“London,” swamped at sea, ii. 289–297
Longfellow’s “Wreck of the Hesperus,” iv. 299, 300
Longitude, first taken by observation of heavenly bodies, iii. 149
Longwood, St. Helena, residence of Napoleon, i. 213
Looe, Cornwall, iv. 212;
Looe Island, 214
Lord, Major, on lobsters, iv. 151, 155
_ Lord Warden_, i. 59
Lost at Sea: ships never heard of, iv. 283
Low, Captain Edward, a ferocious pirate, iii. 71
Lucas, Captain of the _Redoubtable_ at Trafalgar, i. 10, 11
Lunar halo, iii. 221
Lyon, Capt.: Arctic exploration, iii. 175, 176;
extreme danger of the _Griper_, his prayers for preservation,
177

Macao, i. 121
Macartney, Lord: suppression of mutiny at the Cape, i. 256
MacClean, Mr., C. E., his co‐operation in the Suez Canal, i. 110
McClintock, Sir F. Leopold: the “Fox” expedition in search of
Franklin, iii. 216;
relics of Franklin obtained from Esquimaux, 227;
portrait, 224
MacGahan, J. A., of the _New York Herald_: his account of the cruise
of the “Pandora,” iii. 92
MacGregor, Lt.‐General Sir Duncan, K.C.B., burning of the “Kent,” i.
68, 69, 71
Mackay’s “Popular Delusions”: the South Sea Bubble, ii. 43
Mackerel and Mackerel Fishing, iv. 176
Maclure, Capt.: Search for Sir John Franklin in the _Investigator_,
iii. 211;
North‐west passage found, 212;
portrait, 213
Macquarie, Governor: on the population of Australia, i. 153
McQuhæ, Capt., his account of the sea‐serpent, iv. 186
Madagascar, English pirates at, iii. 62
“Madre de Dios,” taken by the Earl of Cumberland, i. 293
Madrepores, iv. 122, 124
Magdalena Bay, Spitzbergen, iii. 166, 167
Magellan, Ferdinand de: discovery of Magellan’s Straits, iii. 316;
of the Philippine Islands, 317;
battle with Indians, Magellan killed, _ib._
Magnetic Pole discovered by Sir James Ross, iii. 187
Mahoney, Gunner, his swim across the Hellespont, iv. 258
Major, R. H., F.S.A. Arctic exploration by the brothers Zeni, iii.
47
Malacca, Islands in the Straits, i. 129;
view in the Straits, 145
Malay population of the Cape of Good Hope, i. 206
Malay prahus, i. 149
Malay sailors, i. 43
Malta, i. 96, 98;
view, 96;
Valetta, 98;
climate, fruits, inhabitants, 99;
buildings, history of the island, _ib._;
defended by the Knights of St. John, 100;
catacombs at Citta Vecchia, 101, 103;
Maltese cross, _ib._;
sieges, 102;
taken by Napoleon, _ib._;
won by England, _ib._;
scene of St. Paul’s shipwreck, 103;
garrison, 104
Mammoth: Bones of the, fossil ivory, iii. 162
Mangosteen, the apple of the East, i. 150
Mansvelt, the pirate, iii. 30
Manure ships, ii. 122
Maories of New Zealand, iv. 51, 52
Maplin Sands lighthouse, ii. 182
Maracaibo: Lolonois the pirate at, iii. 19;
the town attacked, 21, 22, 24;
taken by the pirate Morgan, 37;
letter from the Spanish admiral, iii. 39;
fire ship, 40;
Morgan’s escape, 43, 44
Margate life‐boats, ii. 254, 255
_ Marigold_, Drake’s vessel, lost, i. 308
Marine artillery. (_See_ Artillery)
Markham, Commander, A. H.: _Alert_ and _Discovery_ expedition, iii.
92, 102, 107, 108, 110
Marquesite, supposed to contain gold, iii. 125, 126
Marryat, Captain, on sailors, i. 42, 44;
ceremonies on crossing the line, 230;
old war ships, 215
Marshall: his discovery of gold in California, i. 158
Martin, Frederick: “History of Lloyd’s and Marine Insurance,” ii.
126
Martin, John Bohun, Captain, lost in the “London,” ii. 291–295
Martinique: the Diamond Rock; the _Centaur_, i. 161, 187
Masquerade on board the _Terror_, iii. 200
Matamana, Cuba; Lolonois the pirate at, iii. 25
Matavia Bay: mutiny of the _Bounty_, i. 244
Mauna Kea, a Japanese volcano, iv. 47, 49
Mauna Loa, a Japanese volcano, iv. 47
Maxwell, Sir Murray, captain of the _Alceste_; wreck of the ship, i.
82
May, gunner of the _Captain_; his escape, i. 57, 58
“Medical Life in the Navy,” by Dr. Stables, i. 220
Medina Sidonia, Duke of, commander of the Spanish Armada, i. 288
Mediterranean: Round the World in a Man‐of‐war, i. 87‐214;
“The Mediterranean,” by Rear‐Admiral Smyth, _ib._;
ancient and modern names of the Mediterranean, _ib._, 88;
history and description of Gibraltar, 88;
saltness of the water, 97;
gales and storms, 104
Medusæ, iv. 116, 195
“Medusa,” Wreck of the, i. 75;
the raft, 76, 77, 78;
starvation and illusions of the sufferers, 79;
combats, cannibalism, and murder, 80, 81;
Géricault’s painting of the raft, 81
Mehemet Ali and M. de Lesseps, i. 108
Melbourne, South Australia, i. 155; iv. 53, 54
Melville Bay, iii. 97;
view of Cape York, iii. 228
Menai Straits, ii. 300
Mendoza, Don Fernando de: his ship, “Madre de Dios,” taken by the
Earl of Cumberland, i. 293
Men of Peace: naval life in peace times: the cruise of the
_Challenger_, i. 28
Men of the Sea: how boys become sailors; Amyas Leigh; training
ships; old guard ships; routine and work on board; “watches” and
“bells;” grog; the cat, i. 42–54
Men of War: The _Victory_, i. 4;
Siege of Toulon, 6;
Battle of St. Vincent, 7–9;
Nelson’s bridge, 8;
Trafalgar, 10–13;
iron and wooden ships, 9, 13;
Crimean War, 15;
Bombardment of Sebastopol, 14, 15;
red‐hot shot and Gibraltar, 16, 18;
Ironclads, 13, 14;
the _Warrior_ and “La Gloire,” 18;
the “Merrimac,” its history, 19;
the “Cumberland” sunk, 20, 21, 22;
the “Congress” burned, _ib._;
the first “Monitor,” its engagement with the “Merrimac,” 23,
24, 25;
the “Shah” and “Huascar” engagement, 26;
the “Vesta” (Russian) and the “Assari Tefvik” (Turkish) ships,
action between them, 27;
instruction on board, 49;
officer’s life on board, 214;
ward‐room, captain’s cabin, 215;
between decks in the eighteenth century, 217;
doctors, 220;
officers and seamen of the eighteenth century, 221;
chaplains, 222;
engineers, 224;
American, English, and French sailors, 226;
ceremonies on “crossing the line,” 229;
ward‐room, meals and music, 231;
mess and wine‐caterers, _ib._;
present force of the Navy, _ib._;
cost of ironclads, 231;
history of the Navy, 232;
naval volunteers, 232;
rapid firing, _ib._;
artillery volunteers, 233;
drills, 234;
Royal Naval Reserve, 234;
pursers, their dishonesty, mutiny of the Nore, 250
(_see_ Mutinies and);
Round the World on a Man‐of‐War, 87
Menzaleh, Lake: on the Suez Canal, catching pelicans, i. 112, 116
Mermaids, iii. 146
“Merrimac:” its work of destruction in Hampton Roads, i. 20–22;
engagement with the “Monitor,” 23–25;
its history, 18; ii. 139
“Miantonoma:” monitor steamer, ii. 139, 140;
its circumnavigation of the world, 142
Michelet: his references to the sea, i. 2; iv. 290;
Infusoria, iv. 112;
Medusa, 117;
Echinoderms, 126;
Cephalopoda, cuttle‐fish, octopus, 143
Microscope: “the sixth sense of man,” iv. 112
Middleton, Sir Henry: East India trade, ii. 13
Midshipmen, i. 47
Miller, Patrick: propulsion of ships by steam, ii. 81–83
Milne, Admiral: his report on the loss of the _Captain_, i. 59
Milne‐Edwards, Dr.: his diving apparatus, iv. 113
Milner, Rev. John: Duke of Edinburgh’s visit to the Cape, i. 205
Milton: his reference to the sea, i. 2; iv. 290
Mindry, Robert: his “Chips from the Log of an Old Salt,” i. 44
Mines of Cornwall, iv. 215
_ Minion_, Sir John Hawkins’s ship, i. 299
“Minnesota,” i. 20, 24
Mirage in the Straits of Fuca, i. 163
Mississippi scheme, ii. 42
Misson, Captain: the pirate, iii. 64–67
Missouri river, iv. 16
Mistral, or Grippe, i. 107
Mocha, i. 117
Mocha fleet attacked by Captain Kidd, iii. 56
Mock suns (parahelia), iii. 132, 150, 152
Mock moons, iii. 221
Molluscs: phosphorescence of the sea produced by, iv. 97
Monitors: the first engagement with the “Merrimac,” i. 22–26;
a “dummy” monitor, ii. 138;
the first “Monitor,” 139
Monkeys: at Gibraltar, i. 88, 97;
in Trinidad, 182;
eaten at Singapore, 150
Monson, Sir William: his “Naval Tracts,” his daring deeds, ii. 15;
his captivity, 17;
at the Siege of Cadiz, _ib._;
destruction of the Spanish fleet, 18;
action at Cerimbra Roads, 19, 21;
on Dutch fisheries, 23;
expedition against pirates, 24;
adventure at Broad Haven, 25
Monsoon, i. 129; iv. 95
Montesino, M. de: his co‐operation with M. de Lesseps, i. 111
Moon, the. (_See_ Mock Moons.)
Moore, Captain: search for Franklin in the _Plover_, iii. 207, 211
Moore, Lieutenant: his swim across the Hellespont, iv. 258
Moore, Frank: his “Rebellion Record;” the “Merrimac;” and the
“Monitor,” i. 19
Moors in Spain, i. 88, 90, 93, 94
Morgan, Captain Henry: the pirate, iii. 29–51;
portrait, 41
Mormondom; town of Echo, Utah, Salt Lake City, iv. 23
“Morning Star” chased by De Soto the pirate, iii. 80
Morrison, R. J., R.N.: loss of the “Rothsay Castle,” ii. 298
Morton’s sledge journey; in Dr. Kane’s expedition, iii. 239;
the open sea discovered, 239, 241;
with Captain Hall in the “Polaris,” iii. 268
Mounts Erebus and Terror, iii. 280
Mount St. Elias, Alaska, i. 170
Mount’s Bay and Mount St. Michael, Cornwall, iv. 223
Müller, S.: his “Life of Vitus Behring,” iii. 160
Mundy, Colonel: on Sydney, Australia, i. 154
Munk, Jens: his Arctic voyage, iii. 150
Murchison, Sir Roderick J.: his advocacy of Polar exploration, iii.
92
Murex, a univalve shell, iv. 144
“Murillo,” the “Northfleet” wrecked by her, ii. 263–267
Murphy, J. M.: American railways, iv. 18;
salmon of American rivers, 166
Murray, Mrs. William, shipwrecked; “Ten Terrible Days,” iv. 56
Musquitoes, i. 222
Mussels, iv. 129, 132
Mutiny: on the raft of the “Medusa,” i. 79;
at Portsmouth, 225;
of the Nore, 249;
the “Lennie” mutineers, 235;
of the _Bounty_, 235–249;
the crew at Otaheite, 236;
mutineers seizing Captain Bligh, 237;
Bligh cast adrift, 240;
on the _Wager_, ii. 52

Nagasaki, i. 129
Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, i. 168
Napoleon I. at St. Helena, i. 212
Napoleon III.: introduction of ironclad war ships, i. 18
“Napoleon,” steam screw, constructed by Dupuy Delorme, i. 226
Nares, Sir George S.: cruise of the _Challenger_, i. 29;
cairns erected by him, iii. 97, 99;
expedition of the _Alert_ and _Discovery_, 99–114;
portrait, iii. 85
Natal, i. 211
Naukum, a native of Plover Bay, i. 138
Nautilus, iv. 143, 149
Naval architecture, History of, i. 258
Naval cadets, Training of, i. 47
Naval flags of the world, ii. 1
Naval service: officer’s life on board, i. 214
Navigation Act passed by Cromwell, ii. 30
Navy office established by Henry VIII., i. 282
Negrelli, M. de: his co‐operation with M. de Lesseps in the Suez
Canal, i. 111
Negroes in the West Indies, i. 183, 185, 188
Nelson, Lord: his glorious career, i. 7, 9, 10;
as a model commander; Trafalgar, 227;
career and anecdotes of, ii. 71;
his encounter with the bear, 73;
Calvi and Bastia, loss of his eye, _ib._;
Battle of the Nile, burning of “L’Orient,” 74;
coffin presented to him, _ib._;
rewards, 75, 77;
Battle of Copenhagen, 65, 75;
portrait, 76;
his body taken to Gibraltar, i. 96
Nelson’s bridge at the battle of St. Vincent, i. 8
Nevada, Silver mines at, iv. 26
“New Albion,” California so named by Drake, i. 312
Newfoundland: possession taken by Sir Humphrey Gilbert, i. 318;
Captain Roberts the pirate at, iii. 63
Newhaven, iv. 231
“New Holland,” early name for West Australia, i. 151
New South Wales, so named by Captain Cook, i. 152
Newspapers in America, iv. 27;
in Arctic ships, iii. 170
New York, i. 195–198;
map of the harbour, 195;
Brooklyn Bridge, 196;
the Broadway, 197;
ferry‐boats, _ib._;
climate, 198;
view of New York Bay, iv. 12
New York to Chicago by rail, iv. 14
New Zealand: Auckland, North, Middle, and Stewart’s Islands, iv. 48;
gold‐fields, 50;
war with the Maories, 51
Niagara, iv. 14;
the first submarine Atlantic telegraph cable, 101, 102
Nicaragua: Lolonois the pirate at, iii. 28
Nicuesa, Diego de: his expedition to America, iii. 307;
his release from his creditors, 309;
quarrel with Ojeda, 311;
fight with Indians, _ib._
Nino’s voyage to America, iii. 303
Noah’s ark, i. 258; iv. 56
Noddies and boobies taken by Bligh: mutiny of the _Bounty_, i. 243,
244
Noel, Commander R.N.: on torpedoes, ii. 152
Nombre de Dios, attacked by Drake, i. 302
Nordenskjöld, Professor: discovery of the north‐east passage, iii.
159;
his Swedish Arctic expeditions, 257;
his six Arctic voyages, 274;
accomplishment of the north‐east passage, _ib._;
the “Vega,” _ib._
Nore, mutiny of the, i. 249, 251–256
Norfolk: sketches of the sea coast, iv. 247–251
Norman ships, i. 266, 268
North American naval station, i. 108
North Cape, iii. 169
North‐east passage: early voyages for discovering the, iii. 115–123,
129, 151;
the passage made by Professor Nordenskjöld, 274;
north‐eastern voyages of the Dutch, 129
“Northfleet,” wreck of the, ii. 260, 263–267
North polar regions, map, iii. 89
North Pole: expeditions to approach it, iii. 87;
projected passage over the Pole, 144, 151
_ North Star_, search for Franklin, iii. 213
North‐west passage, iii. 142, 143;
reward offered by Government for its discovery, 154, 155;
Sir John Ross’s expedition, 163, 205;
discovered by Sir John Franklin, 206;
found by Maclure, 212
Northumberland, Duke of: his interest in the Lifeboat, ii. 211;
his prizes, 213
_ Northumberland_, Napoleon I. on board the, i. 213
Norwegians, Arctic voyages of the Vikings, iii. 115, 116
Norwegian ships, ancient, i. 90
Norwegian ships, sanitary arrangements, ii. 120
“Novara” (Austrian frigate), deep‐sea soundings, i. 28
Nova Zembla, Gerrit de Veer’s Map, iii. 131;
Barents at, 133, 137;
Henry Hudson at, 146

Oar‐weed, iv. 200
Ocean, the, its Living Wonders, iv. 111–158.
(_See_ Atlantic and Pacific.)
_ Ocean_, Lord Collingwood’s ship, in a storm, i. 105
Octopus, iv. 148
Officer’s life on board a man‐of‐war, i. 214
Officers of East Indiamen, their privileges, ii. 14
Ojeda, Alonzo de, a follower of Columbus: voyages to America, iii.
301, 304;
imprisoned by Ocampo, 306;
his escape, 305, 306;
another voyage, 309;
fight with Indians, 310, 311;
quarrel with Nicuesa, _ib._;
wounded by Indians, 312;
his strange adventures and death, 312, 313, 314
Old and young ice. (_See_ Ice.)
Ommaney, Capt., search for Franklin in the _Assistance_, iii. 207
Onions in Bermuda, i. 190
Opium‐eating and smoking, iv. 38
Orellana, Don Josef Pizarro attacked by him, ii. 48
“Orient,” steam‐ship, iv. 3
Osborn, Admiral Sherard, on the loss of the _Captain_, i. 58;
his advocacy of Polar Exploration, iii. 92;
his biography of Franklin, 206;
search for Franklin in the _Pioneer_, 207, 208, 210
Ostrich farming in South Africa, i. 210
Otaheite, the crew of the _Bounty_ at, i. 236, 238
Ounimak Pass, Aleutian Islands, i. 171
Owen, Professor R., F.R.S., on the Sea‐serpent, iv. 187, 188
Oxenham, John, his connection with Drake, i. 303;
his embarkation on the Pacific Ocean, 304;
executed at Lima, 305
Oysters, British, mentioned by Juvenal, i. 262;
natural history and cultivation, iv. 130–138;
dredging for oysters, 137.
(_See_ Pearl Oysters.)

Pacific Ocean, its depth and other characteristics, i. 28;
Map of Islands, 245;
discovered by Balboa, 303;
Drake’s first view of it, 289, 302;
seen by the pirate Morgan, iii. 47;
storm in 1865, i. 139;
“patent smoke‐stack,” _ib._
Pacific Ferry, The: San Francisco to Japan and China, iv. 31–40;
to New Zealand and Australia, 45–55
Pacific Naval Station, i. 156
Pacific Railway, Life on the, iv. 19;
scene in the Sierra Nevada mountains, 20;
snow‐shed, 29
“Pacific” steamer lost, ii. 108
Paddle‐boats, History of, ii. 77, 78
Padstow, Wreck at, iv. 221
Paléocapa, M.: his co‐operation with M. de Lesseps in the Suez
Canal, i. 111
Palos: departure of Columbus on his first voyage, iii. 293
Panama, i. 171;
taken and burnt by the pirate Morgan, iii. 47–49;
Spanish ships taken by the pirate Sawkins, iii. 51–54;
view of the town, 52
Panama, Isthmus of, Drake at the, i. 303
_ Pandora_ sent to find the mutineers of the _Bounty_, i. 244;
the ship wrecked, 246
“Pandora,” Cruise of the, iii. 91–99
Papin: propulsion of ships, ii. 80
Paraguayan torpedo blowing up a Brazilian ironclad, ii. 154
Parahelia, or mock suns, iii. 132
Parker, Richard, ringleader of the mutiny of the Nore, i. 252–256;
hanged, 256
Parker, Sir Peter: mutiny at Spithead, i. 250
Parma, Prince of, in the Spanish Armada, i. 284, 286, 290
Parr, Lieutenant, his arrival on board the _Alert_, iii. 113
Parry, Sir. W. E.: Arctic expedition, iii. 163, 168, 170;
boat and sledge expedition, 178;
career after his Arctic voyages, 184;
his death, 185
Parsees, i. 118
Pasley, Colonel: raising of the _Royal George_, i. 62
Patagonia, Drake in, i. 308
Payer, Lieutenant Julius, Arctic expedition of the “Germania” and
“Hansa,” iii. 259;
his discovery of coal in the Arctic regions, 267;
Austro‐Hungarian Arctic expedition in the “Tegethoff,” 271;
two years on an ice‐floe, _ib._;
sledge expedition, 272;
discovery of Franz Josef Land, _ib._;
fall of sledge into a crevasse, 273
Payerne’s “Submarine Hydrostats,” iv. 86
Peace, Men of: naval life in peace times; the cruise of the
_Challenger_, i. 28
Pearls from America taken to Spain, iii. 303
_ Pearl_, Commodore Anson’s ship, ii. 46, 50
Pearl oysters: pearls, real and artificial, iv. 67, 68, 69;
history and practice of the pearl fishery, 70
Pearson, Captain, his ship taken by Paul Jones, iii. 77
Peat‐bogs, Falkland islands, i. 177
Pemmican: an Arctic dinner, iii. 210;
mode of preparing, 216
Penguins and their eggs, i. 40, 41, 177; iii. 280
Penny, Captain W., search for Franklin in the “Lady Franklin,” iii.
207, 210
Pensioners, Greenwich, iv. 286
Penzance, iv. 219
Perez, Father, his support of the plans of Columbus, iii. 286
Perils of the Sailor’s Life, i. 54, 67
Perim Island, in the Red Sea, i. 117
Perrault, the Canadian voyageur, dividing his store with Richardson
and his crew, iii. 192
Peru, i. 172
Peter the Great: at Amsterdam, ii. 33–38;
portrait, 33;
in England, 38–41;
receiving a deputation, 36;
Saye’s Court, 39;
rise of St. Petersburg, 41
Petersen, Christian, with Captain Nares in the _Alert_;
his illness and death, iii. 105;
the “Fox” Arctic expedition, 216, 218, 220, 227, 236, 241, 252
Petropaulovski, i. 131, 132;
Avatcha Bay, 131;
scenery, 131, 134, 137;
town attacked by the allied fleets, 132;
double wedding, 135
Pett, Phineas: his improvements in war ships, i. 232;
the _Prince Royal_, ii. 22;
_ Royal Sovereign_, 29
Phillip, Captain, his voyage to Botany Bay, i. 152
Phipps, Captain, his Arctic voyage, iii. 154
Phipps, William, a fortunate diver, iv. 80
Phœnician fleets, i. 259
Phœnician remains in Malta, i. 103
Pholades, rock‐borers, iv. 203
Phosphorescence of the sea, iv. 96, 97
Physalia, iv. 119, 120, 121
Pierre le Grand, the pirate, iii. 7;
Spanish admiral’s ship taken by him, 8, 9, 12
Pigeons: pigeon despatched by Sir John Ross, iii. 211
“Pigeon English” in China, i. 126;
“Chinook jargon,” 167
Pilchards: the pilchard fishery, iv. 173, 216
Pillars of Hercules, i. 87
Pim, Lieut., of the _Resolute_, his meeting with Captain Maclure,
iii. 213
Pindar, his reference to the sea, i. 2
Pinto, Fernando Mendez, shipwrecked in Japan, i. 129
Pinzon, Vincente Yanez, his voyage to America, iii. 303
_ Pioneer_, the search for Franklin, iii. 207, 210
Pipe‐fish, iv. 162, 164
Pipon, Capt., his discovery of the survivors of the _Bounty_, i.
247, 248
Piracy, ii. 235;
pirates at Singapore, i. 146;
Scotch pirates in the 15th century, 279;
Barbary pirates, ii. 42;
Drake as a pirate, i. 309;
the Earl of Cumberland, 291–295;
Captains Quelch and Bellamy, and others, ii. 63;
“Black Beard” the pirate, _ib._;
“The Pirates and Bucaniers,” iii. 1–59;
their early history, 2;
Captain Jennings, 3;
Esquemeling’s account of the bucaniers, _ib._;
pirate vessels, 17th century, 4;
their mode of dividing spoils, 11, 45;
“Pirates of the 18th century,” 59–71;
female pirates, Mary Read and Anne Bonney, iii. 69;
Shakespeare’s allusions to pirates, iv. 294, 295
Pitcairn Island: survivors and descendants of the mutiny of the
_Bounty_, i. 247–249
Pitt, William, of Jamaica, his song on sailors, i. 42
Pittsburg, iv. 14
Pizarro, Francisco, voyage with Ojeda, iii. 309
Pizarro, Don Josef: disasters of his fleet, ii. 47
Plagues in the 14th and 15th centuries, i. 91
Plimsoll, Samuel: portrait, ii. 112;
unseaworthy ships; his efforts, ii. 113
_ Plover_: search for Sir John Franklin, Plover Bay, i. 138: iii.
156, 207, 211;
village at Plover Bay, 156
Plymouth, iv. 224
Plymouth Adventurers, ii. 11
Plymouth Breakwater, ii. 192
Plymouth men lost in the _Captain_, i. 55
Pniel, South Africa, diamond fields, i. 210
Poe, Edgar Allan, his story of a descent into the Maelström, iv. 94
Poets on the Sea, the Sailor, and the Ship, iv. 290–304
Point‐à‐Pitre, Guadaloupe, i. 186
Polar bears. (_See_ Bears.)
Polar region: extent of our knowledge, iii. 86;
a fabulous account, 87–91;
theory of a Polar Sea, 255, 257
“Polaris:” Capt. Hall’s Arctic expedition, iii. 268;
the ship run ashore, 270
Polaris Bay, iii. 107
Polynesia, Map of the islands of the Pacific, i. 245
Ponce de Leon, conqueror of Porto Rico and discoverer of Florida,
iii. 314;
search for a miraculous fountain, 315;
Tortugas discovered by him, _ib._
Pontoppidan, Bishop: the sea‐serpent, iv. 184
_ Porcupine_, Scientific cruise of the, i. 30
Port Elizabeth, Cape of Good Hope, i. 204
Porter’s torpedo‐boat, ii. 153, 154
Port Fleetwood lighthouse, ii. 182
Port Foulke, Dr. Hayes’ winter quarters, iii. 256
Port Jackson, Australia, i. 152, 154
Portland: fortifications, ii. 195;
the Verne, 196
Portland Breakwater: convict labour, ii. 191, 193, 195
Port Philip, South Australia, i. 155
Port Royal, Jamaica, i. 183
Port Saïd, i. 110, 113
Portsmouth, Mutiny at, i. 225, 251
Port of Spain, Trinidad, i. 179
Port Stanley, Falkland Islands, i. 176, 178
Portuguese exploration: King John of Portugal and Bartholomew Diaz,
iii. 281, 284;
Columbus, 284;
Vasco da Gama, 298
Portuguese man‐of‐war, iv. 119
Portuguez the pirate, iii. 13;
his escape, 13, 14
Possession Island, Australia, i. 152; iii. 280
Prahus of the Malay Archipelago, i. 149
Prairie on fire, iv. 22
Prairie schooners, iv. 18, 22
Prawns, iv. 157
Praya diphyes, a Medusa, iv. 117
“President,” devoted to the Naval Artillery Volunteers, i. 234
Press‐gangs, i. 43
Pricket, Abacuk: his account of the mutiny against and abandonment
of Hudson, iii. 147
Primrose, Joseph, a minister on board the “Polly”: his trials, i.
223
_ Prince Royal_, built for James II., ii. 22
“Princess Alice” lost in the Thames, iv. 282
“Princess Alice” on Goodwin Sands, ii. 251
Pringle, Admiral: mutiny at the Cape, i. 256
Printing presses in Arctic ships, iii. 103
Protozoa, iv. 111
Pteropoda, iv. 139, 142
Puerto Bello taken by the pirate Morgan, iii. 33
Pullen, Captain: search for Franklin in the _Herald_, iii. 211;
in the _North Star_, 213
Pullman railway car, iv. 16
Purpura lapillus: a univalve shell, iv. 145