Chapter VII: Part 7

That fole that hym selfe a dettour doth make
To dyuerse men, and is borowynge alway
Right ponderous charges on hym doth take
Borowynge of one another therwith to pay
Thoughe he be glad to haue longe terme and day
To hym assygned to make his payment
It nought auayleth, for soone the tyme is spent

But in the meane tyme deuourynge vsurye
Spoylyth makynge pore many a borewer
Where they two borewed they promys to pay thre
Their day of payment lenger to defarre.
Thus doth oft borowynge many thousandes marre
Yet some get malyce for that gode that they len
And where they lent twenty gladly taketh ten.

I wyll nat say but that it is mede certayne
To lene frely to one that is in nede
And wyll be glade it to content agayne.
But he that lenyth to haue rewarde or mede
Or more than he lent, may of hell payne haue drede
And he that so boroweth gayne can haue none
Therby in this lyfe, but hell whan he is gone

Therfore in this satyre suche wyll I repreue
And none that borowe nor lene on amyte
The vsurers: fals cristen men in theyr byleue
Folowe the waren way of theyr iniquyte
Prohybyte by lawe iustyce and equyte
Theyr vnclene hertes, and mynde, vnhappely
On lucre settynge, comynge by vsury

They hepe theyr synne in quantyte horryble
Labowrynge that lewde burthen gretter to make
And that sore weght tedyose and terryble
With a great rope vpon theyr shulders take
The weyght vp taken all theyr hole ioyntes quake
Thus these caytyfs with this rope and burthyn heuy
Them selfe hange damnynge theyr soule eternally

A wretchyd man, alas make clere thy reason
Remember thoughe god the suffer thus longe tyme
He graunteth that space to amende the in season.
And nat dayly to encreas thy synne and cryme
Somtyme he punyssheth with infernall abhyme
Shortly for synne, somtyme thoughe one mysdo
He suffreth longe: but yet truste nat therto

The longer vnpunysshed, the sorer is the payne
And if thou wylt nat gyue to me credence
Of sodome and Gomor the Bybyll sheweth playne
Howe God rightwysely ponysshed theyr offence
And also Solym, towne of great excellence
For vyciousnes god ponysshed bytterly
Whiche sholde vs cause for to lyue rightwysely.

The rightwyse god also dyd sore chastyce
Tthe Nilicolyans and them vtterly destroy
For theyr contynuynge in theyr syn and vyce
And theyr lynage longe kepte from welth and ioy
In great trouble whiche dyd theyr hertis noy:
Howe be it that they were good and innocent
For theyr fathers faute they suffred punysshement

But to our purpose to retourne agayne.
He that ought boroweth whiche he can nat pay
Of a wolfe rauysshynge foloweth the trayne
But though he all swolowe yet can he by no way
Deuoure the tyme nor the prefyxed day
Wherfore if he than disceyue his credytour
He oft hym chastyth with iustyce and rygour

Ryght in lyke wyse our lorde omnipotent
In this worlde to lyue grauntyth vs tyme and space
Nat styll to synne, but vnto this intent
To leue our vyce, and folowe the way of grace
But if we styll contynue in one case
And haue done no good to pay hym at our day
In hell pryson he iustly shall vs lay

BARKLAY TO THE FOLYS.

Thou fole mysmyndyd to large of sconscyence
To the I speke that art a lewde dettour
Borowe thou no thynge, noble grote ne pens.
More than thou mayst agayne pay thy credytour
Right so endeuer the to pay thy sauyour
His right and dewty, with a glad wyll and fayne
That is true seruyce, with glory and honour
Than shalt thou surely escape infernall payne.

* * * * *

Of inprofytable and vayne prayers vowes and peticyons.

Here we repreue (reperue) ye and reuyle.
A sorte of folys lewde of condicions
Whose herte and tunge theyr soules doth defyle
By theyr blynde prayers and yll peticions
Suche folowe no techynge nor gode monysyons
For often many of them with tunge doth pray
Theyr mynde, abstract nat knowynge what they say

Man oft desyreth with great affeccion
That thynge of god, whiche thynge if god wolde graunt.
Sholde be at last vnto thyer destruccyon
Examples hereof thou canst nat lacke nor want
The great Medas somtyme kynge tryumphant.
Of Phrygye By his owne folysshe desyre
With paynfull hunger, his lyfe breth dyd expyre

This kynge Mydas of whom I haue you tolde
Of god desyred with prayer dylygent.
That all that he touchyd tourne myght vnto golde
His prayer was harde, he obteynyd his intent
But nat to his welth, but mortall punysshement
For whan he brede or drynke tast or touche sholde
Incontynent was it tourned in to golde

Thus was his prayer to his owne damage
For at the laste he dyed in wo and payne
For no golde coude his sore hunger asswage
Nor his desyre coude he nat call agayne.
Thus his peticion desyred was in vayne:
And where he wenyd great welth to get therby
He dyed in shame hunger and mysery.

Some dayly pray with marueylous besynes
Cryeng and syghynge to god omnypotent
For to haue plenty of welth ioy and ryches
And to be made ryche myghty and excellent.
O cursyd lyuers, o blynde men of intent
On suche desyres they set theyr mynde and thought
Whiche thousandes vnto shamefull ende hath brought

What profyted the myghty edefyces:
Of Lycynus, or lyuelode of excesse:
What profyteth the money gotten in vyces
Of riche Crassus, or cresus, great ryches
They all ar dede by theyr vnhappynes
And that lewdely, nat by deth naturall
Theyr blynde desyres chefe rote and cause of all

Another whiche is in youthes prosperyte
For strength and myght often to god doth pray
Some of theyr lyfe to haue prolyxyte
Desyreth god, and here to byde alway
In riches welth, ioy and solempne aray
But yet they in glotony take suche custome
That they slea them selfe longe or theyr day be come

Alas mad fole why prayest thou for age
Syns it so greuous is and ymportable
Unstable and full of dolour and damage
Odyous to youth and intollerable
Say folysshe man whiche art of mynde vnstable
Is it nat great foly to any creature
To pray for that thynge, whiche he can nat endure

Peleus, and Nestor and many other mo
As Itackes and laertes, sore haue complayned
For to longe age, euer full of payne and wo
Wherwith theyr bodyes sore haue ben constrayned
And with great sorowes and dyuers often payned:
And to conclude brefly in one sentence
Oft to age falleth moche inconuenyence

Yet ar mo folys whiche ought repreued be
And they ar suche whiche styll on god doth call
For great rowmes, offyces and great dignyte
No thynge intendynge to theyr greuous fall
For this is dayly sene, and euer shall
That he that coueytys hye to clym aloft
If he hap to fall, his fall can nat be soft

Some other pray for bewty and fayrnes
And that to a cursyd purpose and intent
Wherby they lese the heuenly blyssydnes:
Theyr soule subduynge to infernall turment
O ye mad folys of myndes ympotent
Pray your Pater noster with deuoute herte and mynde
For therin is all that is nedefull to mankynde

Our sauyour criste whyle he was on this grounde
Amonge vs synners in this vale of mysery
Taught his disciples this prayer whiche doth sounde
Nere to this sentence, nor greatly doth nat vary
(Our father wiche art in heuen) eternally
Thy name be halowyd (graunt that to thy kyngdome)
All we thy seruauntis worthely may come

In heuen and erth thy wyll be done alway
And of thy great grace and thy benygnyte
Our dayly brede graunt vnto vs this day
Forgyuynge our synnes and our iniquyte:
As we forgyue them that to vs detters be
And to auoyde temptacion thy grace vnto vs len
And vs delyuer from euery yll amen.

Whan thou hast clensyd thy mynde from syn before
And sayd this prayer to thy maker deuoutly
Thou nedyst nat of hym to desyre more
Yet mayst thou pray and desyre rightwysly
For helthe of soule within thy hole body
For stedfast fayth and yll name to eschewe.
And chastely to lyue (by his help) in vertue

Thus sholde thou pray thou wretche both day and nyght
With herte and mynde vnto thy creatoure:
And nought by foly to asshe agaynst right
To hurte or losse to thy frende or neyghboure
Nor to thy fo by yll wyll or rygoure
But if god to thy prayers alway sholde enclyne
Oft sholde come great sorowe to the and to all thyne

THE ENUOY OF BARKLAY TO THE FOLYS.

Man clere thy mynde or thou begyn to pray
Els though thy prayer be iust it is but vayne
And kepe togyther thy hurte and tonge alway
Or els doutles thou lesest all thy payne
From lewde peticions thy mynde thou ought refrayne
If thou desyre yll to thy fo by malyce
At thy peticion god shall haue dysdayne
For though thou be wrothe god is nat in lyke wyse

* * * * *

Of vnprofytable stody.

Nowe in this Nauy many them selfe present
Of this our roylame and from beyond the see
Whiche in theyr stody or lewde and neglygent
Lesynge theyr tyme at the vnyuersyte
Yet count they them selfe of great auctoryte
With theyr proude hodes on theyr neckes hangynge
They haue the lawde: but other haue the cunnynge

They thynke that they haue all scyence perfytely
Within theyr hertes bostynge them of the same
Though they therto theyr mynde dyd neuer aply
Without the thynge, they ioy them of the name
But suche mad folys to theyr great losse and shame
Whyle they sholde norysshe theyr myndes with science
They seke theyr pleasour, gyuen to neglygence

They wander in euery inconuenyence
From strete to strete, from tauerne to tauerne
But namely youth, foloweth all offence
No thynge intendynge the profyte to dyscerne
Nor fruyte of cunnynge wherby they myght gouerne
Them selfe by reason, but suche thynges they ensue
Wherby they neyther get good maners nor vertne

But he that intendeth to come to the science
And godly wysdome of our elders: certayne.
He must sore stody, for without dilygence
And besy laboure no man can it obtayne
None ought to cesse: though it firste be a payne.
In good perseueraunce getteth great ryches
Where no good cometh by sleuthfull ydelnes.

But moste I marueyll of other folys blynde
Whiche in dyuers scyencis ar fast laborynge
Both daye and nyght with all theyr herte and mynde
But of gramer knowe they lytyll or no thynge
Whiche is the grounde of all lyberall cunnynge
Yet many ar besy in Logyke and in lawe
Whan all theyr gramer is skarsly worth a strawe

If he haue onys red the olde dotrinall
With his diffuse and vnparfyte breuyte
He thynketh to haue sene the poyntis of grammer all.
And yet of one errour he maketh two or thre
Precyan or sulpice disdayneth he to se
Thus many whiche say that they theyr grammer can
Ar als great folys as whan they firste began

One with his speche rounde tournynge lyke a whyle
Of logyke the knottis doth lows and vndo
In hande with his sylogysimes, and yet doth he fele
No thynge what it menyth, nor what longeth therto
Nowe sortes currit: Nowe is in hande plato
Another comyth in with bocardo and pheryson
And out goeth agayne a fole in conclusyon

There is nought else but Est and non est
Blaberynge and chydynge, as it were beawlys wyse
They argue nought els but to proue man a beest
Homo est Asinus is cause of moche stryfe
Thus passe forth these folys the dayes of theyr lyfe
In two syllabis, not gyuynge aduertence
To other cunnynge doctryne, nor scyence.

I wyll nat say but that it is expedyent
The to knowe of Logyke the chrafte and connynge
For by argument it maketh euydent
Moche obscurenes, somtyme enlumynynge
The mynde: and sharpynge the wyt in many a thynge
But oft yet by it a thynge playne bryght and pure
Is made diffuse, vnknowen harde and obscure

It is ynoughe therof to knowe the grounde
And nat therin to wast all thy lyfe holly
Styll grutchynge lyke vnto the frogges sounde
Or lyke the chaterynge of the folysshe pye
If one afferme the other wyll deny
Sophestry nor Logyke with their art talcatyfe
Shewe nat the way vnto the boke of lyfe

With suche folyes tender youth is defylyd
And all theyr dayes on them they set delyte
But godly doctryne is from theyr myndes exylyd
Whiche sholde the body and soule also profyte
They take no layser, pleasur nor respyte
To other scyences, pleasaunt and profytable
But without ende in one thynge chat and bable

One rennyth to almayne another vnto fraunce
To parys padway Lumbardy or spayne
Another to Bonony, Rome or orleance
To cayne, to Tolows, Athenys or Colayne
And at the last retournyth home agayne
More ignorant, blynder and gretter folys
Than they were whan they firste went to the scolys

One bostynge the name of a lawer or deuyne
His proude hode hye vpon his stately necke:
Thus muste a gode clerke vnto a foule enclyne
Lowt with the body and with obedyence becke
And thoughe it tourne to theyr rebuke and checke
Yet nowe a dayes ouer many suche there be.
Whiche in stede of cunnynge vseth audacyte

The hode must answere for the follysshe student
Theyr tyme hath ben lost frutles and barayne.
Theyr frendes godes on suche folyes ar spent
To their damage thought hunger and payne:
Thus to conclude: me thynke it is but vayne
The frendes to labour the dayes of theyr lyue
To spare for suche scolers whiche shall neuer thryue

The great foly, the pryde, and the enormyte
Of our studentis, and theyr obstynate errour
Causeth me to wryte two sentences or thre
More than I fynde wrytyn in myne actoure
The tyme hath ben whan I was conductoure
Of moche foly, whiche nowe my mynde doth greue
Wherfor of this shyp syns I am gouernoure.
I dare be bolde myne owne vyce to repreue

Howe be it I knowe my wordes shall suche greue
As them selfe knoweth fawty and culpable
But if they be wroth: take they me by the sleue
For they shall bere the hode and I wyll the bable:
But firste ye studentis that ar of mynde vnstable
Ye wasters and getters by nyght in felde or towne
Within my Nauy wolde I set you to a cable
If I not fered lyst ye your selfe wolde drowne

Also I fere lyst my shyp sholde synke for syn
If that Cupido and Uenus seruytours
On the vnsure se my shyp entred within
Or all the folys promotyd to honours
I none receyue can of hye progenytours
My shyp is nat dressyd for them conuenyent
And to I fere lyst theyr cruell rygours:
Sholde rayse to my shyp some tempest or tourment

THENUOY OF BARKLAY TO THE FOLYS.

Fy studentis clens your myndes of this cryme
Gyue ones your hertis to parfyte dylygence
Howe longe in Idelnes, wyll ye lese your tyme
In pryde and ryot, with all other offence
Alas what profyte get ye by neglygence
But spende your goodes in all iniquyte
And where your frendes thynke, ye labour for scyence:
Ye lese your tyme bryngynge them to pouertee

Leue of suche stody as is vnprofytable
Without fruyte outher godly discyplyne
And gyue your myndes to scyences lawdable
Where ye may your herte set and inclyne:
To Arystotyls or Platoys doctryne
And nat alway on logyke or Sophestry
I wyll nat say but it is a thynge dyuyne
And moche worth to knowe Phylosophy

* * * * *

Of them that folysshly speke agaynst the workes of god.

He is a fole and laboreth in vayne:
Whiche with small brondes of fyre flamynge bryght
Entendyth with laboure besynes and payne
Of the shynynge sonne for to encrease the lyght
Suche one assayeth a thynge passynge his myght
And is a fole to set thought or delyte
To mende that thynge whiche god hath made perfyte

But yet is he a moche gretter fole truely
Whiche wyll correct that thynge whiche god hath done
And doth nat his herte his wyll and mynde aply
To goddes workes and deuyne prouysyon
Of all other maddest is his condycion
And more frantyfe forsoth I may hym call
Than they that ar vext with furyes infernall:

(Thou fole) the myght of god omnipotent
In vertue and wysdome so largely doth extende
His maiesty, and power is so excellent
His glorious godhede his workes doth defende
So that no mortall man can them amende
Wenest thou mad fole that thou amende cannest ought
That he hath done: whiche made all thynge of nought

He that hath made the heuen and firmament
The londe, the se, and euery other thynge
Is so discrete, so wyse, and prouydent
Before his presence parfytely seynge
All thynge to come that neuer hath had beynge
His workes and dedys ar so perfyte and ryght
That none can increas nor yet decreas his myght

He doth all thynge dispose moderate and dispence
Knowynge our mynde, and what is to vs most mete
All thynge is open and playne in his presence
Our inwarde thought must he nedes knowe and wete
And euery fortune is playne before his fete
He hath all thynge by lawe and order drest
And doth no thynge but it is for the best

Therfore whether he gyue thunder snowe or rayne
Wynde or wether, tempest or tourment
Frost lyghtnynge, fayre wether, outher storme sodayne
Mystes or clowdes, yet man sholde be content
And nat with worde nouther inwarde intent
Agaynst god grutche, but euery day and houre
Magnyfye the dedys of god his creatoure

It were moche better thou fole that thou were dome
Than to cast lewde wordes agaynst thy lorde in vayne
Thou fole he worketh no thynge but by wysedome
And yet art thou nat content but dost complayne
Thou sekest vengeaunce (for thy synne) and payne
In hell for euer, thynkynge thy selfe so wyse
To teche thy god, and his warke to dispyse

It is nat lawfull for any, hye nor lowe
To be so bolde so blynde or so cruell
Grutchynge wordes agaynst his god to throwe
Thughe to theyr plaseour a thynge nat fortune well
Take example by the children of Israell
Whiche oft for this synne suffred great payne and wo
Slayne and distroyed, so haue ben many mo

Many a lewde body without wysdome or rede
Grutche in theyr myndes, and openly do blame
Almyghy god, whan theyr children ar dede
Where rather they ought to enioye of the same
For it myght fortune that great rebuke and shame
Myght to theyr frendes haue come by theyr synne and cryme
Soone after: if they had nat dyed at that tyme

Wherfore this one clause is my conclusyon
That god our maker is wyse and prouydent
Blame nat his workes by thyne abusyon
For all that he doth is for the best intent
But if that god sholde alwaye assent
To our desyres and euer perfourme our wyll
Our owne requestis sholde tourne vs to great yll

ALEXANDER BARKLAY TO THE FOLYS.

O ye mad myndes that no thynge vnderstonde
O man presumptuous and vnobedyent
Howe darest thou be so bolde to take on honde
To repreue the workes of god omnipotent
Wylt thou hym teche, as more wyse and prouydent
Than he is (whiche made all thynge of nought)
Leue of this thy foly, and holde thy selfe content
For thou art a fole to set theron thy thought

* * * * *

Of them that gyue jugement on other.

Many fallyth in great peryll and damage
And greuous deth by the vyce of folysshnes
Perseuerantly bydynge in theyr outrage
Theyr soule infect with synne and viciousnes
And though that deth hym alway to them addres
Yet hope they in longe lyfe and prosperyte
And neuer asswageth theyr blynde iniquyte

The tyme passeth as water in a ryuere
No mortall man can it reuoke agayne
Dethe with his dartis vnwarely doth apere
It is the ende of euery man certayne
The last of all ferys and ende of worldly payne
But thoughe we knowe that we all must haue an ende
We slepe in synne disdaynynge vs to amende

Some thynke them gode, iust and excellent
Myghty stronge and worthy of preemynence:
Charitable, chast, constant and innocent
Nat doutynge deth nor other inconuenyence
But yet ar they wrappyd sore in synne and offence
And in a vayne hope, contynue in suche wyse
That all the worlde (saue them selfe) they dispyse

They take on them the workes of god omnipotent
To iuge the secrete of mannys mynde and thought
And where no sygne is sene playne and euydent
They iuge a man saynge, his lyfe is nought
And if deth one hath vnto his last ende brought
(As mad) they mende nat theyr mysgouernaunce
Nat thynkynge that they ensue must the same daunce

Suche folys fayne causes and often tymes say:
That he that is dede vsed ryot and moche foly
Whiche causyd hym to dye before his day
And that he was feble, or full of malancoly
Ouer sad, or prowde, disceytfull and pope holy
Uiciously lyuynge in couetyse and gyle
Wherfore god suffred hym lyue the shorter whyle

Lo these blynde folys saciat with vyce
Jugeth hym that perchaunce dyd nat amys
Whyle he here lyuyd, and is in paradyce
Rewardyd for his workes in endles ioy and blys
Where as this lewde Juger, here in this worlde is
Styll lyuynge in synne, suffrynge great payne and wo
And though he thynke hym gode shall neuer come therto

He that in synne here lyeth fettered fast
And iugeth the deth of his frende or neyboure
Whiche from this lyfe is departed and past.
Let hym beware, for onys come shall the houre
That he must fele dethis dolorouse rygoure.
And after that endure infernall punysshement
For iugynge and mysdemynge of people innocent

The terme and day, of deth is moche vnsure
The deth is sure, the houre is vncertayne
Deth is generall to euery creature
Theder we must all, be it pleasour or payne
Wherfore wysdome wyll that we shulde refrayne
From folysshe demynge and nons deth discus
After deth god wot howe it shall be with vs

Alas full often a iust man gode and true
Of mynde innocent sad sober and sympyll
Passynge his tyme in goodnes and vertue
Is of these folys thought and demyd for yll
And he that is nought, frowarde of dede and wyll
Of these folys blynde frantyke and wode.
Without all reason is iugyd to be goode

Wherfore I proue that a blynde fole thou art
To iuge or deme a mannys thought or intent
For onely god knoweth our mynde and hart
Wherto we gree and to what thynge we assent
But who that is rightwyse iust, and innocent
And louyth god with honour and with reuerence
Than, may he boldely iuge anothers offence

ALEXANDER BARKLAY TO THE FOLYS.

Amende you folys: do way these folysshe wayes
Take ye no charge: nat mete for your degre.
And note these wordes: whiche criste our sauyour sayes
Juge nat another, and thou shalt nat iugyd be
It longeth onely to the hye dyuynyte
To iuge our mynde: for he is true iustyce
All thynge discernynge by right and equyte
No man sholde deme, whyle hym selfe is in vyce

* * * * *

Of pluralitees that is to say of them whiche charge them selfe with many benefycis.

Amonge our folys delytynge them in vyces
Is yet another sorte of the speritualte
Whiche them ouerchargeth with dyuers benefyces
And namely suche that lowest ar in degre
Of byrth and cunnynge, of this condycion be
Defylynge goddes rentis and the chirches goode
Them selfe ouer ladynge, as men frantyke and wode

The weght is so great they can it nat endure
Theyr myght is small, theyr cunnynge is moche lesse
Thus this great charge wherof they haue the cure
To infernall Fenn doth this pore Asse oppresse
And to an Asse moste lyke he is doutles
Whiche takynge on his backe sackes nyne or tenne.
Destroyeth hymselfe them leuynge in the fenne

But though one prebende were to hym suffycient
Or one benefyce his lyuynge myght suffyse
Yet this blynde fole is nat therwith content
But labowreth for mo, and alway doth deuyse
Fals meanes to come therto by couetyse
He gapeth with his wyde throte insaciable
And neuer can content his wyll abhomynable

So for the loue of the peny and ryches.
He taketh this charge to lyue in welth and eas.
Howe be it that sole that hath suche besynes
And dyueres charges fyndeth great disseas
Neyther shall he god, nor yet the worlde pleas
And shall with his burthyns his mynde so vex and comber
That halfe his cures, can he nat count nor nomber

These carefull caytyfs, that ar of this same sort
With cures ar ouerchargyd so that of theyr mynde.
Rest haue they none, solace, pleasour nor conforte
Howe be it they thynke therby great welth to fynde
They gape yet euer, theyr maners lyke the wynde
Theyr lyfe without all terme or sertaynte
If they haue two lyuynges, yet loke they to haue thre

The folys whose hertis vnto this vyce ar bounde
Upon theyr sholders bereth aboute a sacke.
Insaciable without botome, outher grounde:
They thynke them nat lade though all be on theyr backe.
The more that they haue (the more they thynke they lacke)
What deuyll can stop theyr throte so large and wyde
Yet many all waste aboute Ryot and pryde

But yet is this moche more abhomynable
That asses vntaught without wysdome or scyence
Haue theyr proude myndes moste vnsaciable
Nat commynge to worshyp by vertue nor prudence
Yet counte they them worthy of this excellence
Courters become prestis nought knowynge but the dyce
They preste not for god, but for a benefyce

The clerke of the kechyn is a prest become
In full trust to come to promosyon hye
No thynge by vertue cunnynge nor wysdome
But by couetyse, practyse and flatery
The Stepyll and the chirche by this meane stand awry
For some become rather prestis for couetyse.
Than for the loue of god or his seruyce.

Alas oft goddes goodes and cristis herytage
Of suche folys is wastyd and spent in vayne
In great folyes mundaynes and outrage
Where it decreed, and ordeyned is certayne.
That prestis sholde helpe pore people that lyue in payne
And with suche goodes kepe hospytalyte
Whiche pryde ryot and Uenus suffreth nat to be

Thus is the grettest parte of the spiritualte
Pore preste, persone, vicayr, relygyon and prelate
With couetyse acloyde outher prodigalyte
And folys promotyd causyth good clerkis haue hate
Say lordes and bysshops with other of estate
What mouyth you so gladly, suche to promote
Whiche haue no cunnynge their wyt skant worth a grote

Wyll ye alway the folysshe asse ouercharge
With suche burthyns wherwith it can nat fare
And suffer other to walke and ren at large
And where they best myght bere theyr backes ar left bare
And that is worst of all, suche folys can nat be ware
But whan they ar promotyd after theyr owne entent.
Yet theyr insaciable mynde can neuer be content.

Some make exchanges and permutacions
Some take to ferme, and some let out agayne
Other folys for hope make resignacions
And some for one god scosyth gladly twayne
Some lyueth longe in hunger and in payne
And in the somer day skarsly drynketh twyse
Sparynge monay therwith to by a benefyce

Some for no wages in court doth attende
With lorde or knyght, and all for this polecy
To get of his lorde a benefyce at the ende
And in the meane tyme ensueth rybawdry
And somtyme laboureth by chraft of symony.
He playeth a fals cast, nat cessynge to coniure
Tyll of some benefyce he at the last be sure

Than if this lorde haue in hym fauoure, he hath hope
To haue another benefyce of gretter dignyte
And so maketh a fals suggestyon to the pope
For a Tot quot outher els a pluralyte
Than shall he nat be pleased with .II. nouther thre
But dyuers wyll he haue ay choppynge and changynge
So oft a fole all and a gode clerke no thynge

These of nought force so that they may haue gayne
And golde ynough to spende on rybawdry and pryde
They haue the profyte, another hath the payne
The cure of the soulys of them is set asyde
And no meruayle, for howe sholde they abyde.
To teche their parysshynges vertue wysdome or grace
Syns no man can be atonys in euery place

Alas these folys our mayster criste betray
Of mannes soule wherof they haue the cure
And settynge in their stede syr Johnn of garnesey
They thynketh them selfe dischargyd quyte and sure
These folys note nat that euery creature.
Whiche here of soulys doth cure or charge take
At domys day a compt for them shall make

But if I sholde touche all the enormytees
The immoderat couetyse and desyre of dignyte
That nowe is vsed amonge all the degrees
Of benefycyd men ouer all the spiritualte
I fere displeasour, and also I often se
That trouth is blamed, and nat ay best to tell
But he that in this lyfe wyll alway besy be
To get dyuers prebendes shall haue the last in hell

THENUOY OF BARKLAY TO THE FOLYS.

What meane ye gyders of Christis herytage
Shall ye neuer leue this your deuowrynge mynde
Shall ye no tyme your couytyse asswage
Whiche in goddes seruyce your hartis sore doth blynde
Let this fals traytour no place amonge you fynde
Graunt hym no rowne in churche nor in quere.
For this is sure ye shall all leue behynde
We haue no Cyte, nor place abydynge here

* * * * *

Of them that prolonge from day to day to amende themselfe.

If vnto any almyghty god doth sende
From heuen aboue by inspyracion dyuyne
Wyll and gode mynde his synnes to amende
And with his grace his thoughtes enlumyne
If that synner wyll nat therto enclyne
But doth dyffer and dryue frome day to day
A fole he is, no wyse man wyll denay

Yet many folowe this inconuenience
And knowynge theyr owne vyce, and lyfe full of ordure
The payne therof, and howe euery offence
And synne is punysshed of eche creature
Also they knowe that theyr deth is vnsure
And dye they must knowynge no houre nor space
Yet synne they styll, nat receyuynge this grace

They folowe the crowes cry to theyr great sorowe
Cras cras cras to morowe we shall amende
And if we mende nat than, than shall we the next morowe
Outher shortly after, we shall no more offende
Amende mad fole whan god this grace doth sende
He is vnwyse whiche trustes the crowes songe
And that affermyth that he shall lyue so longe

Syns deth (as I haue sayde) is so vnstable
Wherfore we ought alway vs to prouyde
And mende our lyfe and synne abhomynable
For though that thou be hole at the euyn tyde
Thou knowest nat sure that thou shall here abyde
Untyll the morne but if thou dye in that space
It shall be to late for the to cry cras cras

Syns it is in thy power that thou may
Amende thy selfe whan god inspyreth the
Why shalt thou tary vnto another day
The longer tary the lesse apt shalt thou be.
In olde sores is grettest ieopardye
Whan costome and vse is tourned to nature
It is right harde to leue: I the ensure

Therfore if that thou lewdly fall in syn
By thy frayle flesshe, and the fals fendes trayne
Take nat the vse, contynue nat therin
But by confessyon shortly ryse agayne
Synne alway thretenyth vnto the doer, payne
And grutche of conscience with moche thought and wo
Yet alwaye ar we redy and prone therto

Mannys lyfe on erth is euyn a chyualry
Agaynst our flesshe fyghtyng whiche often doth vs shame
Also the deuyll our goostly ennemy
On his parte labours to get vs in his frame
Thus oft we fall, and than our foly blame
Repentynge sore, and wyllynge to refrayne
But within an houre we fall therto agayne

Thus euer to vyce ar we redy and prone
The gyftis of grace we clene from vs exclude
We haue great cause sore to complayne and mone
We leue that thynge (our myndes ar so rude)
That myght vs gyde to helth and beatytude
Thus our owne foly, and our owne blynde madnes
Us often ledyth vnto great wretchydnes

And if it fortune, that at any tyme
Within our myndes we purpose stedfastly
For to confesse our synne, excesse, or cryme
Agayne our thought is changyd by and by
Away than ren we with the crowys crye
With one cras, to morowe, perauenture twayne
Without regarde had, vnto infernall payne

But in the meane space if that deth vntretable
Arrest the with his mace, fyers and cruell
And for thy synne and lyfe abhomynable
By iustyce damme thy soule for euer to hell
Than woldest thou gladly (If thou myght) do well
But there is no grace but doloure payne and sorowe
Than is to late to crye cras cras to morowe

THE ENUOY OF THE ACTOUR.

Say what delyte, thou fole or what pleasoure
Takest thou in synne and voluptuosyte
It is small sothly, and passeth euery houre
Lyke to the water, and that in myserye
Therfore set nat in synne thy felycyte
This day begyn thy lewde lyfe to refuse
Perchaunce to morowe sholde be to late to the
So sholde cras the crwys songe the sore abuse

* * * * *

Of hym that is Jelous ouer his wyfe and watcheth hir wayes without cause, or euydent tokyn of hir myslyuynge.

Orestes was neuer so blynde and mad as is he
Whiche for his wyfe taketh thought and charge
Watchynge hir wayes, thoughe that she gyltles be
This fole styll fereth, if she be out at large
Lyst that some other his harnes sholde ouercharge
But for all his fere and carefull Jelowsy
If she be nought there is no remedy.

Thou fole I proue, thy watchynge helpeth nought
Thy labour lost is, thou takest this care in vayne
In vayne thou takest this Jelowsy and thought
In vayne thou sleest thy selfe with care and payne
And of one doute thou fole thou makest twayne
And neuer shalt fynde eas nor mery lyuynge
(Whyle thou thus lyuest) but hatered and chydynge

For locke hir fast and all hir lokes marke.
Note all hir steppys, and twynklynge of hir iye.
Ordeyne thy watchers and dogges for to barke
Bar fast thy dores and yet it wyll nat be
Close hir in a Toure with wallys stronge and hye
But yet thou fole thou lesist thy trauayle
For without she wyll no man can kepe hir tayle

And yet more ouer breche hir with plate and mayle
And for all that if she be nought of kynde
She shall disceyue the (If she lyst) without fayle
But if that she be chast of dede and mynde
Hir selfe shall she kepe, though thou hir neuer bynde
Thus they that ar chast of nature, wyll byde so
And nought wyll be nought what so euer thou do

Thus is it foly and causeth great debate
Bytwene man and wyfe, whan he by Jelowsy.
His wyfe suspectyth, and doth watche or counterwayt
Or hir mysdemyth and kepyth in stratly.
Wherfore me thynke it is best remedy
For hym that gladly wolde escape the hode
Nat to be Jelous: but honest lyuynge and gode

The toure of bras that callyd was darayne.
Coude nat the damsell (by name Danes) defende
But that Jupiter fonde a cautell and trayne
In a golden shoure into hir to discende
And to be short, at conclusyon and ende
This mayde for all this Toure was there defylyd.
And by this lorde was she there brought with childe

By this example it apereth euydent
That it is foly a woman to kepe or close
For if she be of lewde mynde or intent
Outher preuy or apert there about she goys
Deuysynge wayes with hir good man to glose
But specially if that he hir suspect
With a hode shall he vnwars be ouerdect

But in the worlde right many other be
Whiche neuer folowe this fals and lothly way
We haue example of one Penolope
Whiche though that she alone was many a day
Hir husbonde gone, and she vexed alway.
By other louers: yet was she euer trewe
Unto hir olde: and neuer changyd for newe

I fynde that often this folysshe Jelowsy
Of men; causyth some women to mysdo
Where as (were nat theyr husbondes blynde foly)
The pore wymen knowe nat what longyd therto
Wherfore suche men ar folys and mad also
And with theyr hodes whiche they them selfe purchace
Within my shyp shall haue a rowme and place

For where as perchaunce theyr wyfes ar chaste and goode
By mannys vnkyndnes they chaunge and turne theyr herte
So that the wyfe must nedes gyue them a hode
But to be playne some wymen ar esy to conuert
For if one take them where they can nat start.
What for theyr husbondes folysshe Jelowsy
And theyr owne pleasour: they scars can ought deny

THE ENUOY OF THE ACTOUR.

Therfore ye wymen lyue wysly and eschewe
These wanton wowers and suche wylde company
Get you gode name by sadnes and vertue
Haunt no olde quenys that nourysshe rybawdry
Than fere ye nat your husbondes Jelowsy
If ye be fawtles, chaste and innocent
But wanton wowers ar ful of flatery
Euer whan they labour for their intent.

Be meke, demure, bocsome, and obedyent,
Gyue none occasyon to men by your foly
If one ought asshe, deny it incontynent
And euer after auoyde his company
Beware of cornes, do nat your erys aply
To pleasaunt wordes nor letters eloquent
If that Helena had so done certaynly
She had nat ven rauysshed by handes violent

* * * * *

Of auoutry, and specially of them y^t ar bawdes to their wyues, knowynge and wyll nat knowe, but kepe counseyll, for couetyse, and gaynes or auauntage.

O what disorder, what shame and what domage
Is nowe brought in, and right lykely to abyde
In the sacrament of holy mariage
The fere of payne and lawe is set a syde
Faythe is clene lost, and fewe them selfe do gyde
After theyr othe, but for lacke of punysshement.
They brake and despyse this dyuyne sacrament

Alas the lawe that Julius dyd ordeyne
Agaynst auoutry: is nowe a slepe or dede
None feryth iustyce punysshement nor payne
Both man and woman ar past all fere and drede
Theyr promes brekynge, without respect or hede
Had to theyr othe, by mariage solemnysed
The bed defylyd. the sacrament despysed

Many ar whiche thynke it is a thynge laudable
Anothers sponse to pullute and dyffame
And howe beit the synne is moche abhomynable
They fere nat god, nor dout nat worldly shame
But rather boldly they bost them of the same
They note no thynge the mortall punysshement
Taken on auoutrers in the olde testament

Yet is another thynge more lothsome and vyle
That many husbondes knowynge theyr wyues syn
Absent themselfe and stop theyr iyen the whyle
Kepynge the dore whyle the auoutrer is within
They forse no thynge so they may money wyn
Lyuynge as bawdes, and that to theyr owne wyues
O cursyd money, this madnes thou contryuys

O cursyd husbonde thou ought to be asshamyd
To set so great fors for syluer or for golde
That thou for them thy wyfe wyll se diffamyd
And helpe therto: ye: and the dede beholde
Blame it blynde dryuyll: by the lawe so thou sholde
And nat therat to gyggyll laghe and Jest
It is a lewde byrde that fyleth his owne nest

The Hystory of Atreus expressyth playne
Howe he (by his owne brother) for auoutry
Was dryuen from his royalme and his childre slayne
For his mysdede: without: let or remedy
These children thus bought theyr faders mad foly
What shall I wryte the wo and heuynes
Whiche Tarquyn had for rauysshynge lucres

I rede in the hystory of one Virginius
Whiche to thyntent this foule synne to eschewe
Whan his doughter was desyred by Clodius
And that by force; the fader his dowghter slewe
Bytwene the handes of Clodius vntrue
The fader answered (whan men his dede dyd blame)
Better is to dye chast: than longe to lyue in shame

But of auoutry somwhat more to speke
In it is yre Enuy and paynfull pouertye.
And also he or she that mariage doth breke
May fere of deth eternall whan they dye
And here without welth ioy and rest shall they be
And well ar they worthy (forsoth) of sore tourment
In hell: for brekynge this holy sacrament

But in the meane tyme here shalt thou haue discorde
And neuer prosper in vertue nor ryches
And lothsome be before the almyghty lorde
Thy dedes shall purchace mysfortune and distres
Thou lyue shalt in shame and dye in wretchydnes
And if thou procede therin and nat amende
Some great shame shalt thou haue before thyne ende.

THE ENUOY OF THE ACTOUR.

O creatures vnkynde leue ye this outrage
Breke nat your othe whiche ye made solemly
Eche one to other for to lyue in mariage
Defyle ye it nat by synne and vylany
On both partis if ye lyue faythfully
After your promes: in loue, fayth and concorde
Than shall ye in erth encreas and multyply
And after haue syght of the almyghty lorde

Let all spousys in theyr myndes comprehende
The lawys and decrees of the olde testament
Howe they that in auoutry dyd offende
Were outher stonyd or els openly brent
Wherfore syns goddes son omnypotent.
Confermed hath the olde testament with the newe
Auoutrers nowe deserue that same punysshement
But well is to them, that stedfast ar and trewe

* * * * *

Of hym that nought can and nought wyll lerne, and seyth moche, lytell berynge away, I mene nat theuys.

Saynt George to borowe our Nauy is aflote
Forth shall we sayle, thoughe that it be a payne
And moche laboure to forge a pryuate bote
For euery faute: yet shall I nat refrayne
My hande nor penne: thoughe vnsure be my gayne
My laboure sure: my wyt and reason thynne
Than leue a thynge vnendyd better nat begynne

But in this place shall I a Shyp ordayne
For that fole: that heryth great doctryne
Wherby good maners and vertue aperyth playne
He seth all goodnes, stody, and disciplyne
And yet wyll nat his mynde therto enclyne
But though he knowe what thynge is godlyest
Ouer all the worlde, yet is he styll a beest.

Many of this sort wander and compase
All studies, the wonders of the worlde to se
With vnstabyll wynges fleynge from place to place
Some seyth lawe and some dyuynyte
But for all this byde they in one degre
And if they were Asses and folys blynde before
After all these syghtes yet ar they moche more

They se moche nought lernynge, and hauynge no delyte
In wysdome nor maners vertue nor goodnes
Theyr tyme is loste, without wysdome or profyte
Without grace, or other holynes
But whyle they labour thus with besynes
If they se ought newe, or any folysshe toy
That lyghtly they lerne, and set theron theyr ioy.

By this desyre folys may knowen be
For wytles men of fleynge mynde and brayne
Ar best pleasyd with thynges of neweltye
And them to haue, they spare no cost nor payne
To dyuers londes to ren but all in vayne
And so they labour alway from londe to londe
To se all wonders, but nought they vnderstonde

Some fle to se the wonders of englonde
Some to the court to se the maners there
Some to Wallys, Holonde, to Fraunce or Irlonde
To Lybye, afryke, and besyly enquere.
Of all marueyles, and skantly worth a here
Some vnto Fraunce and some to Flaunders ren
To so the wayes, and workes of cunnynge men

And to be shorte ouer all they range
Spendynge theyr goodes about vnthryftynes
In countrees knowen, vnknowen and strange
But whan theyr iourney they homwarde must addres
As folys vnware, and vagabundes thryftles
They haue nought lerned, kept, nor with them brought
Of maners, wysdome or other thynge that is ought

They that by the se sayle to londes strange
Oft chaunge the place and planete of the fyrmament
But theyr mynde nor maners they ne turne nor chaunge
And namely suche that ar lewde and neglygent
What euer they se styll one is theyr intent
Whan he departyd, If that he were a sote
Agayne anone he comyth in the same mynde and cote

Say mad folys blynde ouersene, and worthy scorne
Fayne wolde I knowe what necessyte ye haue
To go from the place where ye were bred and borne
Into another londe to lerne to play the knaue
Your mynde vnstable sheweth playne that ye raue
Laboure nat so sore, to lerne to be a fole
That cometh by it selfe without any other scole

He that is borne in walys or small brytayne
To lerne to pyke and stele nedys nat go to Rome.
What nede we sayle to Flaunders or Almayne
To lerne glotony, syns we may it lerne at home
Suche lewdnes soon may we lerne of our wombe
He that wyll lerne falshode gyle or sotelte
May lerne it here as well as beyonde the se.

To passe the se to lerne Uenus rybawdry
It is great foly, for thou mayst lerne thy fyll
In shoppis Innes and sellers, ye somtyme openly
At saynt Martyns Westmynster or at the tour hyll
So that I fere all London, in tyme it shall fyll
For it is there kept in lyght and in darke
That the pore Stuys decays for lacke of warke

But brefely to speke, and this to set a syde
He that on vyce, and synne wyll set his entent
May lerne it in Englonde, if he at home abyde
And that of all sortis: god sende amendement
But if thou alway wyll nede be dylygent
To labour in the worlde about from place to place
Do as dyd Plato, than shalt thou fynde great grace

This godly plato laboured with dilygence
To Egypt, and other londes sparynge for no payne
Where euer he came: augmentynge his scyence
And at the last retourned to Grece agayne
His countrey natyf: with laude and name souerayne
Thus he for all his wysdome laboured besyly
But that fowle that nought can nought settyth by

Wherfore that gose that styll about wyll wander
Moche seynge and herynge, and nought berynge away
Shall home come agayne as wyse as a gander
But more fole is he that may lerne euery day
Without cost or laboure out of his owne countrey
And whan the well of wysdome renneth by theyr dore
Yet looth they the water as if that it were soure

ALEXANDER BARKLAY AD FATUOS VT DENT LOCUM OCTO SECUNDARIIS BEATE MARIE DE OTEREY QUI QUIDEM PRIMA HUIUS RATIS TRANSTRA MERENTUR.

Soft folys soft, a lytell slacke your pace
Tyll I haue space you to order by degre
I haue eyght neyghbours, that firste shall haue a place
Within this my shyp, for they most worthy be
They may theyr lernynge receyue costeles and fre.
Theyr wallys abuttynge and ioynynge to the scoles.
No thynge they can, yet nought wyll they lerne nor se
Therfore shall they gyde this one shyp of foles.

THE ENUOY OF BARKLAY.

O vnauysyd, vnwyse and frowarde man
Great cause thou hast to morne sore and complayne
Whan no goodnes vertue nor wyt thou can
And yet to lerne thou hast scorne and dysdayne
Alas man mende, and spare no maner payne
To get wysdome, and it thou shalt nat want
Hym that nought wyll knowe, god wyll nat knowe certayne
Wo is hym that wylfully is ignorant.

* * * * *

Of great wrathe, procedynge of small occasyon.

Come nere, ye wrathfull men, take your rowme and place
Within our shyp, and to slake our hastynes
Mount on an Asse slowe of hir gate and pace
Syns troublous wrath, in you, styreth this madnes
Often lacke of myght asswagyth cruelnes
To a wylde cowe god doth short hornys sende
Wrath is great foly, where myght may nat extende

O man yll myndyd what helpeth the this yre
None the commendyth whiche doth thy maners marke
What doste thou: but the waste with thyne owne fyre
Narrynge with thyselfe lyke as a dogge doth barke
Without meke worde and pleasyd with no warke
Art thou: but thoughe all men be dylygent
Mad wrathe to please, yet who can it content

This man malycious whiche troubled is with wrath
Nought els soundeth but the hoorse letter R
Thoughe all be well, yet he none answere hath
Saue the dogges letter, glowmynge with nar nar
Suche labour nat this mad rancour to defar
Nor yet his malyce to mytygate or asswage
But ioyeth to be drede of men for this outrage

His mouth fomyth his throte out gorgyth fyre
His ferefull furoure is, his hole felycyte
By his great yre, doth he coueyte and desyre
Dowtyd to be: of the pore comontye
His owne madnes and cruell furyosyte
Wyll he nat knowe as he were nat culpable
Of this mad fury and vyce abhomynable

Hym selfe is blynde, but other well note his dede
He shall be poynted whether he go or ryde
Saynge one to other take gode regarde and hede
Of yonder furyous fole whome reason doth nat gyde
Beware his wayes fle hym on euery syde
Who that hym sueth both hurte and shame shall fynde
Thus other hym notyth but he hymself is blynde

So his Asse crys to hym ar inuysyble
He thynkyth to haue pacyence though that he haue none
And vnto hym it is thynge incredyble
That suche ar folys whose pacyence is gone
Thus coueytyth he to kepe his erys alone
And to wrathfull men he wyll no thynge obiect
For that hym selfe is with the same infect

But somwhat to touche the inconuenyences
Whiche by this wrath procedyth to mankynde
It is chefe grounde of many great offences
Destroynge reason blyndynge the wyt and mynde
By malyce man is to all yll inclynde
Both symple man, and lordes excellent
Do that by wrath oft whiche they after repent

Reuoke thy mynde, somwhat thy herte enclyne
Unto Archytas a man of hye wysdome
Borne the the ryche Cyte namyd Tarentyne
Rede howe that he his malyce dyd ouercome
For thoughe his seruaunt was fals to hym become
And he sore mouyd to auenge the same offence
Yet he refraynyd his wrathe by pacyence

So socrates so Senyk and Plato
Suffred great wronge great iniury and payne
And of your fayth sayntis right many mo
For christ our mayster dyd great turment sustayne
What wo or payne cowde saynt Laurance refrayne
From pacience wherfore it is great shame
For christen men if they do not the same

They suffred deth, ye, and yet were pacyent
And many haue prayed, for suche that haue them slayne
Where thou mad fole takest greuous punysshement
For small occasyon, ye come by chaunce sodayne
Fole thou art blynde, and mad to set thy brayne
All thynge to venge (by wrath) that doth mysfall
For he that part hath lost: by wrath oft lesyth all

And forsoth no meruayle, if suche wyse actours
Hath wrathes madnes, expelled and set asyde
For where that wrath doth rayne with his furours
There can no reason nor wysedome longe abyde
The wyt it wastyth: so is it a lewde gyde
Therfore let mesure, this malyce holde agayne
But pacyence is brydyll his madnes to refrayne

It longeth nat to any man of hye prudence
For to be wrothe, yrous, or gyuys to malancoly
No suche passyon nor inconuenyence
Can fall to man, ay stedfast wyse and holy
But folys ar moste troublyd with this foly
Where as a wyse man for any aduersyte
Lyueth in quyete mynde and tranquylyte

A man well manerd, sad sober and dyscrete
If he be ware, wyse, chrafty and prouydent
Beholdeth all thynge before his syght and fete.
Gydynge hym by mesure a vertue excellent
Where as a fole doth all without aduysement
And in euery thynge shewyth his folysshnes
Wroth at eche worde, as mayster of madnes

Wherfore ye folys se ye no lenger tary
But on the dull Asse hastely assende
That a slowe beest may hasty folys cary
For your mad wrath dowtyth no thynge the ende
Your madnes can nat your blynde mysdede defende
For who that one sleyth, angry and feruent
Ought to be hangyd whan he is pacyent

THE ENUOY OF THE ACTOUR.