Chapter LI: Appendix: IV

The following pages will give some idea as to the real state of the Fortress as regards Supplies, Munitions of War, and Men, when the surrender took place.

Supplies.

This table, drawn up by the Fortress Intendant, shows the amount of food in the supply depôts exclusive of what was in possession of private firms:

_To the Commandant of the Fortress._

TABLE SHOWING THE AMOUNT OF SUPPLIES IN THE PORT ARTHUR SUPPLY DEPÔTS ON DECEMBER 31, 1904.

-------------------+-----------------------------+---------+ | Depôts. | | Supplies. | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Total. | -------------------+-------+---------+-------+---+---------+ | lbs. | lbs. | lbs. | | lbs. | Flour |784,320| --- | 40,680|---| 825,000| Groats and rice |145,720| --- | 77,360|---| 223,080| Do., broken | --- | --- | 5,600|---| 5,600| Millet | --- | --- | 2,360|---| 2,360| Tea | --- | --- | 86,720|---| 86,720| Sugar | 48,960| --- | --- |---| 48,960| Biscuits | --- | --- |866,280|---| 866,280| Dried vegetables | --- | --- |124,000|---| 124,000| Salt |652,040| --- | 13,040|---| 665,080| Preserves | --- | --- |154,120|---| 154,120| Oats | --- | 127,280| --- |---| 127,280| Beans | --- |1,245,600| --- |---|1,245,600| Cattle, 3. | | | | | | Sheep and goats, 9.| | | | | | -------------------+-------+---------+-------+---+---------+

-------------------+---------+--------------------------+ | Number | Men, 32,213; | Supplies. | Of | Horses, 3,258. | | Rations.|Amount of Ration in days. | -------------------+---------+--------------------------+ | lbs. | Days. | Flour | 437,569| 13-1/2[54] | Groats and rice |} | 21 | Do., broken |} 693,120| 72-1/2 | Millet |} | 12 | Tea |5,550,080| 115-1/8 | Sugar | 391,680| 92 | Biscuits | 495,017| 80 | Dried vegetables |2,976,000| -- | Salt |5,804,335| 135 | Preserves | --- | -- | Oats |} | | Beans |} 114,406| | Cattle, 3. | | | Sheep and goats, 9.| | | -------------------+---------+--------------------------+

(Signed) Captain Dostavaloff, _Fortress Intendant_.

No. 9,953. Port Arthur.

_December 31, 1904._

Munitions of War.

As regards the stores in the Fortress, the following extracts from a letter from Major-General Biely, Commanding the Fortress Artillery, to Major-General Reintal, Inspector-General of Artillery, shows the true state of affairs:

'The unexpectedness of the surrender of the Fortress, and the rapidity with which we were all sent into imprisonment in Japan, prevented me from finishing a detailed report of the work done by the artillery in the Fortress during the siege, and sending it, as I intended, to the Artillery Department. The conditions of my imprisonment stopped my doing so afterwards. Up till now not a single artillery commanding officer who knows the actual state of the artillery in the Fortress on the day of the surrender, and can report the true state of affairs, has returned to Russia. Meanwhile, however, a Royal Commission has been appointed to investigate all the circumstances of the capitulation. The details furnished to this Commission about the artillery which I have happened to read in the papers, and in particular those communicated by such a witness as Major-General Reuss, are on the whole highly coloured, presumably with a view to belittling the artillery service generally and showing an insufficiency of reserve stores. Judging from this and from what he has said to correspondents, General Reuss apparently has some other object in view than that of informing the public of the true state of affairs in the Fortress. It is not my intention to join issue with him in the columns of a daily paper, but if such evidence is believed, without proper inquiries being made of those who had to do with these matters, a false impression will be gained. At the Council of War convened by General Stössel on the afternoon of December 29, 1904, at which twenty-five commanders and officers were present, some members expressed the opinion that the defence could not be continued, basing their arguments on the absence of necessary artillery stores. At the time I protested against the matter being represented in such a wrong light, and I did not conceal my surprise that members should dare to assert things in my presence of which they apparently either had no knowledge or which they were purposely perverting. I based my statement on figures which I had in my hand at the time, and I insisted on my opinion, which was entirely opposed to that which had just been expressed. I pointed out that, in regard to artillery stores, the Fortress had a sufficient quantity for the struggle, and was in a state to be able to repulse another two assaults--perhaps more--and that if there were also sufficient food-supplies, then, in my opinion, the defence ought to be continued till they were exhausted. No one attempted to contradict me. On the contrary, I was supported by all the artillerymen, by my senior assistants at the Council (Irman, Mekhmandaroff), and by the Intendant of the Fortress, and a general conclusion was come to that the defence was to be continued, a portion of the defence line alone being reduced....

'During the last days, up to January 1, when we were informed that a proposal for surrender had been sent to the enemy, things were in much the same state, especially with regard to munitions of war. If we look at the figures, we find that there were, counting the naval reserves, as many as 180,000 shells. Of these there were about 1,000 rounds of 9-inch, bigger calibre, and howitzer; 6,800 rounds of 6-inch and forty-two line. Of light and 57-millimetre coast quick-firing (put ashore) there were 1,800. Of 57-millimetre, about 2,000. Of 75, 57, 47, and 37 millimetre (for the naval guns mounted on the batteries) there were about 150,000. For 3-inch quick-firing field artillery, about 4,000. In round numbers, not counting the 3-inch quick-firing field-guns, there were about 14,000 rounds of shrapnel and 10,000 rounds of common.

'Although the guns were less in number and worse in condition than they had been, yet they were quite serviceable. The casting of shell for 6-inch and 42-line guns, the preparation of fuses, of pyroxyline shells, and the fusing of shell, were in full swing; we were turning out 100 shells a day, and hoped to do more.

'I consider generally that the tales in the papers about the deficiency of shrapnel, the unserviceability of the shells and guns, of the lack of fuses, etc., are exaggerations, told on purpose to put things in a light to justify the defence being cut short. The question of surrender was one for the decision of the highest authorities, but I imagine they did not lack for irrelevant and incorrect reports. The papers can, of course, say what they like, but at a formal investigation official reports and more responsible and competent evidence will, it is hoped, be taken, and not that of those who allow themselves to be interviewed....

'To get at the true position of affairs as regards the artillery in Port Arthur, it is not sufficient to look merely at figures; it is necessary to understand them. In this respect General Reuss is quite at sea, and it would have been better if he had not meddled with that of which he knows nothing and understands less. It is true that the want of powder, quick-firing fuses, and range-finders was felt; that naval shells were spoilt and had to be remade; that naval common shell burst badly, etc.; but steps were taken to cope with all this, and the artillery service did splendid work....'

Garrison.

As regards the garrison of the Fortress, General Smirnoff, its Commandant, gives the following details:

'The strength of our troops on the day of the surrender was as follows:

'On the defences of the Fortress:

'Bayonets (infantry and sailors) 12,500 'Artillery 5,000 'Engineers 500 'Non-combatants in army 1,000 ------ 'Total 19,000'

There were 15,000 sick and wounded in the permanent, 5,500 in the extemporized hospitals. Total, 20,500 sick. As 24,000 men marched to the village of Chilindzui as prisoners, 5,000 of these must have been able to walk.

This led to a curious contretemps, for in the terms of surrender it had been stipulated that not more than 9,000 men would march out. The Japanese had accordingly made arrangements to handle and ration that number, and were quite nonplussed when they found that the 9,000 had increased to 24,000. While they were making the necessary arrangements to deal with these 15,000 extra mouths the exodus was stopped, and Smirnoff spent these last three days in his old quarters.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 54: In addition to this, 422,000 pounds of flour and 1,201,600 pounds which arrived in the _King Arthur_ are still in hand.]

INDEX

Aide-de-Camp to the Czar, Stössel and Semenoff appointed, 181

Ammunition, small arm, deficient, 4;
blank, fired from big guns, 7;
runs short at Battle of Kinchou, 72;
estimate of expenditure of (up to September 21), 196;
waste of, 201, 219;
amount available (December 8), 271;
list of guns (on outbreak of war), 369

Angle Hills, 106, 135;
Japanese attack repulsed, 158;
loss of, 166;
anger of Smirnoff, 166

Armament of the Fortress, 369 (Appendix II.);
list of guns, authorized and actual, 369;
allotment (in sections) of guns, 369

Artillery, Kwantun Fortress, report on the, by Major-General Biely, 364
(Appendix II.)

Artillerymen, Russian, endurance of, 64

_Askold_, the, 153

Assaults, the great August, 183;
of October 30, 119, 220;
repulsed, 221;
of November 24, 239

Attack of blockers fails (March 25), 29;
on Green Hills (July 26), 113 _et seq._;
of August 19, 164;
and subsequent days, 183

B Battery, storming of, 220;
state of, 230;
assault of, November 24, 239

_Bayan_, the, in action of April 12, 34;
sinking of, 256

Bazilevsky, General, 194

Biely, General, 1, 29, 175, 199;
at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
his opinion, 307;
his report (after the war), 364

Big Eagle's Nest, storming of, 322;
loss of, 324

_Boevoy_, the, loss of, 110

Bogdanovitch, his absurd congratulations to Stössel, 18

Bombardment (naval) of February 9, 7;
March 10, 21;
April 15, 36;
October, 26 to 29, 219, 220, 221
(land), fears of, 105;
commences August 7, 140;
system of, 148

Bomb-proofs constructed by inhabitants, 105;
Stössel discourages, 106

Borodatoff, Lieutenant, death of, 110

_Boyarin_, the, 6

Butusoff, Colonel, in the defence of Green Hills (July 26), 117, 119;
in the defence of 203 Metre Hill, 253;
death of, 254

Capitulation signed, 332;
its effect, 332, 333

'Caponier,' meaning of, xi (Preface)

Cattle allowed to be driven away, 40

Censorship of letters, 91;
of press, 148, 163, 189

_Cesarevitch_, the, 96, 97, 153

Chinese make military roads, 24

Chinese Wall, the, x (Preface), 366 (Appendix II.)

Chi-kuan-shan Fort (Fort No. 2), bloody assault on (August 23),
repulsed, 183;
Japanese sap towards, 202, 210, 211, 213;
mining operations, 210, 214, 215, 216;
Smirnoff's inspection of the gallery, 217;
fires the camouflet counter-mine, 217;
Fock's memorandum on the surrender of, 347 _et seq._

Chkheydsey's battery, 113, 119, 120

Civilians attempt to leave Port Arthur, 140

Confidence increases under Smirnoff, 26

Confusion on outbreak of war, 4

Coolies, Chinese, desert, 25

Council of Defence (see Defence)

Dalny, confusion at, 45, 49;
docks and quays not destroyed, 49, 82;
abandonment of the town, 81;
retreat of the inhabitants, 82;
effect of Stössel's action, 83, 89

Danger Hill, look-out station on, 164

Darkness in Port Arthur, 8

Defence, Council of, protests against surrender, 18;
meeting of December 8, 265;
Smirnoff's opinion at, 266;
Fock's arguments, 268;
final meeting (December 29), 303

Defences, general description, x (Preface);
neglect of, 18;
grave defects in the original scheme of, 313;
Kuropatkin's modifications, 373

_Diana_, the, 153

Diplomacy, failure of Russian, 3

Drunkards, flogging of, 11

Drunkenness, 158

Egoroff's battery at Battle of Kinchou, 63

Electric Cliff, 7

Endrjievsky, Lieutenant, Stössel's treatment of, 192

Engineer officers--some did good work, 162;
others did not, 164;
responsibility of, for loss of life, 164;
inactivity and inefficiency of, 194.
See also Sappers

England, Russian attitude towards (before the war), 226

Erh-lung-shan Fort, bombardment of (September 28), 201;
assault of October 30 fails, 223;
state of, 230;
assault of November 24, 239;
anxiety about (December 15), 274;
assault of December 18, 285;
abandonment of, 288;
Fock responsible for, 288;
his disclaimer, 289;
Smirnoff's message to Kuropatkin, 290;
effect of its fall on the garrison, 310

Fleet, Russian, sortie of June 22, 96;
disappointing result, 101;
sortie of August 10, 152;
its failure, 153;
state of (after August 10), 262;
retrospect of position of, 258-264

Fleet, Japanese, opens fire, 6

Flogging of drunkards, 11

Flug, General, 6

Fock, General: his influence over Stössel, 13;
his opinion of Japanese troops, 13;
his neglect to fortify Kinchou, 37;
his blunders at Shanshihlipu, 55;
his behaviour at the Battle of Kinchou, 71;
his idea of fortification, 106;
his message as to retirement from Green Hills, 122;
his behaviour there, 127;
occupies Wolf's Hills, 129;
delays sending reinforcements on August 21, 167;
Smirnoff threatens to remove him, 169;
removes him from his command, 171;
his memorandum of November 3, 227;
its effect, 229;
urges retirement from 203 Metre Hill, 247;
appointed to succeed Kondratenko, 280;
reduces garrisons of the works, 283;
'the General of Retreats,' 285;
at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304, 306, 307;
orders Gorbatovsky to carry out abandonment of third position, 330;
his memorandum on
the surrender of Chi-kuan-shan (Fort No. 2), 347 _et seq._ (Appendix I.)

Food, insufficiency of, 46

Foreigners, visit of the two, 202 _et seq._;
its result, 207

Fort No. 5, bombardment of, 197

Fort No. 6, construction of, 134

Fortification No. 3, assault on, 220;
its fall, 310, 311;
Fock's order to evacuate it, 310

Fortifications (of Port Arthur), dilatoriness in constructing the, 24;
defects in scheme of, 313

Froloff, Lieutenant-General, opinion of Council of Defence, 265

Frontier Guards, the, not made use of, 48;
in the defence of Green Hills, 117

_Fuji_, the, damaged by mines, 51

Garrison, its false sense of security, 13;
takes to robbery, 22;
mobilization of, 374

German Emperor's letter to his naval attachés, 161

Gilgenheim, Captain, German naval attaché, murder of, 161

_Giliak_, gunboat, as look-out, 26;
in action of May 2, 41

Golden Hill, 7;
opens fire on Ta-ku-shan, 142;
11-inch howitzers on, 165;
premature bursts of iron shells, 165, 176

Gorbatovsky, General, 1;
his energy, 163;
Fock accuses him falsely, 171;
at assault of Kikwanshan Fort, 300 _et seq._;
at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
decides to hold second line of defence, 312

Green Hills, value of, for defence, 88;
loss of, 93;
recovered, 94;
fortifying of, 107;
battle of July 26, 113 _et seq._

Griaznoff, Colonel, at last Council of Defence, 304

Grigorenko, Colonel, Officer Commanding Fortress Engineers, 29;
at the last meeting of the Council of Defence, 304, 306

Grigorovitch, Admiral, 1;
his proposals opposed by Witgeft, 151;
his work, 199

Guns of Fortress fail to co-operate in defence of Wolf's Hills, 132;
list of, 375 _et seq._

---- naval, use of, 201, 366 (Appendix II.);
list of, 381 _et seq._ (Appendix III.)

Gurko, Lieutenant-Colonel, sent to Kuropatkin from Stössel, 173

Hammer, Lieutenant, Aide-de-Camp to Smirnoff, 168

Handurin, Lieutenant-Colonel, at last Council of Defence, 304

_Hatsuse_, Japanese battleship, destroyed by mines, 50

Hill 113, key of the Suantsegan position, 126

Hill, 203 Metre. See Metre

Hospital, shell falls into, 253;
organization in the Fortress, 315;
deficiency of accommodation, 316;
state of the (in December), 317

Howitzers (11-inch) on Golden Hill, premature bursting of shells, 165;
use of generally, 367 (Appendix II.)

Investment begun, 156

Intelligence Services (Russian), badness of, 90, 92

---- (Japanese), 92

Irman, Colonel, his gallantry at 203 Metre Hill, 253;
present at the last meeting of the Council of Defence, 304;
his opinion, 306

_Itsukushima_, the, damaged by mine, 186

Japanese nation, dissatisfaction of, at slow progress of siege, 177;
action of Mikado's Government, 177;
views of, before the war, 224

---- officers in disguise in the Fortress, 9

---- troops held in contempt at first, 12;
ignorance of Russian army about, 13

Jerebtsoff, Colonel, commanding Sapper Company, 294;
ordered to do the impossible, 295;
his energy and gallantry, 297;
unrewarded, 298

Karseladse, Prince, his telegram to Bogdanovitch, 19

Khvostoff, Chief of Fortress Staff, 5;
arrives with Smirnoff, 23;
his work, 29, 199;
at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304

Kinchou, importance of, 8;
realized by Smirnoff, 28, 37;
Tretiakoff's efforts to fortify, 37, 47, 56;
the confusion at, 58;
battle of (commencement), 61 _et seq._;
(continuation), 67 _et seq._;
Fock's behaviour during the battle, 71

Kondratenko, General, 1, 18;
Smirnoff's personal assistant, 23;
his share in fortifying and arming the Fortress, 25, 29, 87;
overruled by Fock, 108;
on resisting an attack on Green Hills, 111;
his anger with Fock, 112;
at the attack on the Green Hills on July 26, 114;
prevents deadlock between Stössel and Smirnoff, 199;
persuades Stössel as to Fock's uselessness, 199;
at the meeting of Council of Defence (December 8), 268;
his last evening, 275;
his death, 276

Kuen-san Hill, 89;
abandoned, 93;
attempt to recapture fails, 94;
results of the loss of, 104;
commands the Green Hills, 108

Kuropatkin orders Stössel to hand over command to Smirnoff, 174;
inspection of the Fortress, 195, 364;
his telegram as to relieving the Fortress, 209;
refers to St. Petersburg as to recall of Stössel, 209;
result, 210;
informs Smirnoff of Stössel's official deceit, 282

---- Lunette, 230

Kuteynikoff, engineer, repairs the ships, 22

Lao-tieh-shan Hill, 7;
guns mounted on, 22;
rapidly fortified after Smirnoff's arrival, 26;
Fock and Smirnoff disagree as to strengthening (in December), 269

Laperoff, Colonel, at Battle of Kinchou, 68, 73

Letters, censorship of, 91

Liao-yang, the retirement from, 231

_Lieutenant Burakoff_, the, loss of, 110

Long Hill, Japanese attacks on (September 20), 195

Lopatin, Captain, sacrificed to save Fock, 93

Loschinsky, Admiral, 1;
mines the shores, 14;
draws up a scheme for mining Port Arthur waters, 20, 36;
defeats attempt to block the entrance to the harbour, 41 _et seq._;
urges Witgeft to capture the damaged _Fugi_, 51;
appointed to command, 187;
at the last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
his opinion, 307

Machabelly, Prince, retakes Pan-lun-shan Redoubt, 167;
circumstances of his death, 167

Mackalinsky, Prince, intermediary between Fortress Staff and navy, 148

Makharoff, Vice-Admiral, arrival of, to command the fleet, 20;
his death, 35;
his attitude towards England, 226

Malaieff, Lieutenant, heroism of, 23;
his death, 34

_Manchuria_, the, capture of, 20

Medical organization of the Fortress, 315;
neglect to equip hospitals, 316

Mekhmanaroff, Colonel, present at last meeting of Council of
Defence, 304;
his opinion, 306, 307

Menshoff, M., appointed Hospital Inspector, 318

Metre (203) Hill, 106;
its great value, 106, 135, 156;
state of, 157;
furious attacks on (September 20), 195;
assault of (September 21), 196;
fight for, 243 _et seq._;
Nogi determines to take it, 243;
Stössel's apathy, 244;
calls a conference and proposes retirement, 246;
defence of, by Colonel Tretiakoff, 248;
bombardment renewed (December 2), 250;
truce to bury dead, 251;
occupied by Japanese, 255;
Kondratenko's mistake, 256;
retirement of Russians, 257;
effect of loss on the fleet, 260

Mickeladsey, Prince, in charge of police gendarmes, 38

Mine-layers (Japanese), the work of, 32, 38

Mines, land, 198

Mining (siege operations), 210, 213, 214, 215, 216

Mobilization scheme for Fortress, want of, 194;
of reserves, 374

_Mongolia_, the, hospital ship, 193

Mount Samson, 62, 64

Munitions of war, report of General Biely, 386 (Appendix IV.)

Murman, Colonel, Stössel's treatment of, 223

Nadein, General, at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
his opinion, 307

Nakamura, General, his order for assault of November 24, 240

Nangalin Heights, value of, 88;
armed by the Japanese, 234

---- railway-station, 76

Nan-shan, Battle of. See Kinchou

Naval engagement of February 25, 17;
of March 22, 27

---- guns mounted in the forts, 201, 262, 366 (Appendix II.)

---- officers (Russian) want of training, 59;
their differences with the army, 59;
inefficiency of, 97, 154

Navy, Russian, want of reforms in, 153

Negotiations with Japan fail, 3

Nekrashevitch-Poklad, Lieutenant-Colonel, at last Council of Defence, 304

Newspaper censorship, 148, 163, 189

Nickitin, General: his duties, 226;
at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
his opinion, 307

Nogi concentrates two divisions to take Chi-kuan-shan Fort, B Battery,
and Eagle's Nest, 183;
fails to carry the position, 184;
directed to capture Port Arthur at any cost, 236

Nojine, M. (the author): his treatment by Stössel, vii (Preface)

_Novik_, the, 4, 59, 153, 262

_Novy Kry_ newspaper objects to publish Stössel's order of March 17, 23;
publishes scurrilous allegory,
102;
censorship of, 148, 163;
publication stopped for a month, 189

Nurses' opinion of the war compared with the Boer War, 194

Officers (Russian) kept in ignorance of the topography of the
Fortress, 8;
their lack of care for their men, 126

Old Town, defences of, 8

Order of St. George, Third Class, bestowed on Stössel, 187, 188

Orphan Hill, Japanese attack on, repulsed, 157

_Otvajny_, gunboat, as look-out, 26, 42

Oyama, Field-Marshal, joins the besieging army (November), 236

_Pallada_, the, 96, 97;
destruction of, 259

Pan-lun-shan Redoubt, Japanese capture, 166;
retaken with great loss, 167;
shelled on September 20, 195

_Petropalovsk_, the, blown up by mines, 35

Petrusha, Colonel, authorized to arrest anyone, 12;
at last Council of Defence, 304;
his opinion, 305

Petsivo, Japanese land at, 44

_Pobieda_, the, injured by mines, 35, 96;
sinking of, 259

_Poltava_, the, sinking of, 259

Port Arthur, dilatoriness in constructing defences of, 24;
cut off, 45;
invested, 156;
want of mobilization scheme for the Fortress, 194

Press censorship, 148

Proclamation left about by Japanese, 110

Quail Hill, 7, 259

Rafalovitch, Lieutenant, at 203 Metre Hill, 253

Raschevsky, Colonel: attack on his battery (August 23), 175;
his opinion of Stössel and Semenoff, 181;
his report of the expenditure of men and ammunition
(to September 21), 197;
his opinion of Fock's trench work, 200;
extracts from his diary of the siege, 207, 209-211, 213, 214, 215,
223, 230, 233, 234, 238;
his energy, 233;
his death, 277

Radetsky, Colonel, at Kinchou, 65

Redoubts Nos. 1 and 2, desperate assaults on, 176, 179;
finally captured, 182;
strengthened by Japanese, 186

Retirement from Green Hills, 122 _et seq._

Retreat from Kinchou to Port Arthur, 76 _et seq._

_Retvisan_, the, damaged, 5;
floated off the shoal, 20;
sinking of, 259

Reuss, Colonel: at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
appointed to conduct capitulation, 332;
the terms agreed to, 332

Rewards for the garrison announced, 187;
treatment of private soldiers, 297

Russian army: its ignorance of Japan, 13

---- attitude towards England before the war, 226

---- fleet driven in on February 25, 17

Rocky ridge, attack on, repulsed, 312;
Fock orders its abandonment, 312

Sadikoff, Lieutenant, and his bullock battery, 55

Savitsky, Colonel, at last Council of Defence, 304

Sanshilipu occupied by Japanese, 49;
General Fock's blunders at, 55

Schwartz, Captain, succeeds Rachevsky, 280;
continues his diary, 283

Scurvy, 271, 317, 319, 320;
neglect of preventive measures, 321

Searchlights, Japanese, during siege, 172;
Russian withdrawal to Kinchou from, 56

Sebastopol, comparison of Port Arthur with, 113

Selinen, Colonel, deprived of his command, 19

Second line of fortifications, retirement to (January 1), 312;
its works, 313

Semenoff, Colonel: conversation with Kondratenko, 111;
at the attack on the Green Hills, 113;
appointed Aide-de-Camp to the Czar, 181;
at last Council of Defence, 304

_Sevastopol_, the, 99, 262;
destroyed on surrender of Fortress, 328

Shell, 11-inch, introduction of, 206;
some effects of, 230

Shaopingtao, Japanese advance from, 92

Sia-gu-shan Hills, importance of holding, 88, 92;
condition of, 139;
loss of, 142

Sickness breaks out, 230

Siege, progress of the (last days of August), 179;
Raschevsky's diary, 207, 209, 210, 211, 214, 215

Signallers from the hills to be shot, 15

Signal Hill recaptured, 207;
final fight at (January 2), 330

Sappers: deficiency of officers and men, 293;
ignorance of Stössel and his staff as to the capabilities of, 294, 295;
neglected in rewards, 296

Sapper Company, the Kwantun, 293

Skridloff's battery, 113, 119, 120

Smirnoff, Lieutenant-General, 1;
is chosen to supersede Stössel, 7;
organizes Fortress Gendarmerie, 9;
protests against surrender, 18;
arrival at Port Arthur (March 17), 23;
horrified at the want of preparation, 24;
orders Kinchou to be fortified without delay, 28;
his energy, 29, 30;
is overruled by Stössel, 86;
persuades the Council to occupy the outer position, 88;
fails to assert his authority over Stössel as Commandant of the
Fortress, 137;
attempts to retake Ta-ku-shan, 145, 155;
drafts reply to proposal of surrender, 159;
his coolness and courage during the attack of August 21, 170;
his message to Kuropatkin about the district command, 173;
his quarters shelled, 208;
inspects the mine galleries and fires the camouflet, 217;
attacked by Fock in the memorandum of November 3, 227;
refused money to pay labourers, 235;
speech to Council of Defence (December 8), 267 _et seq._;
action on the death of Kondratenko, 277 _et seq._;
his message to Kuropatkin as to Stössel's behaviour, 291;
at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
his speech, 307, 308;
telegram to Kuropatkin, protesting against surrender, 331;
his report of strength of garrison on the day of surrender, 388

Solomonoff's battery at Battle of Kinchou, 68

Sortie of fleet (June 22), 96

Spy, a Japanese, 335

Staff, disorganization of the Fortress, 5

_Steresguschy_, loss of the, 21

Stössel, General: his demeanour on February 9, 6;
Viceroy decides to supersede him, 7;
neglects to remove families, 8;
wastes time constructing inner wall, 8;
mismanages supplies, 9, 10, 91;
allows rowdyism, 10;
permits Chief of Police to flog drunkards, 11, 12;
influenced by General Fock, 13;
his 'signalling' fears, 14;
freely criticized in the restaurants, 15;
publishes 'no retreat' order (February 28), 17;
'a fighting infantry General,' 19;
admits his ignorance of fortress warfare, 19;
his farewell order of March 17, 23;
ordered to remain in command of the land defences in the Kuan-tun
district, 29;
his extraordinary orders, 47, 48, 49, 61;
derides the Naval Commander, 60;
his behaviour during Battle of Kinchou, 70;
sows dissension between the fleet and the army, 101;
his greeting to the 5th Regiment after the battle, 84;
his decision to take the command of the Fortress out of Smirnoff's
hands, 86;
inspects the advanced position, 108;
supports Fock against Kondratenko, 109;
his account of the evacuation of Wolf's Hills, 133;
ordered by Kuropatkin to leave Port Arthur, 133, 173;
remains in Port Arthur, 136;
on the Japanese proposal of surrender, 161;
his action on receiving Kuropatkin's orders to hand over to
Smirnoff, 174;
his false telegrams to the Czar, 175;
denounces the author as a Japanese spy, 180;
the author's telegrams to St. Petersburg, 180;
appointed Aide-de-Camp to the Czar, 181;
prevents a sortie in force, 182;
promoted to the Order of St. George, 187;
his censorship of the _Novi Kry_ newspaper, 189;
his treatment of Lieutenant Endrjievsky, 192;
his ignorance of fortress mobilization schemes, 195;
his interference with Smirnoff, 199;
his action with regard to the two newspaper correspondents, 204;
and district order on the subject, 205;
his quarters shelled, 208;
orders Fortress to be mined in case of surrender, 218;
wastes ammunition in order to justify capitulation, 219;
orders work on the inner lines of defence to cease, 234;
refuses money to pay labourers, 235;
calls conference on retirement from 203 Metre Hill, 246;
orders to Admiral on loss of 203 Metre Hill, 260;
opinion on the minutes of Council of Defence (December 8), 272;
attempts to isolate Smirnoff, 273;
appoints Fock to succeed Kondratenko, 280;
at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304, 309;
his ignorance about the lines of defence, 312;
despatches a _parlementaire_ to negotiate surrender, 325;
his behaviour after the surrender, 334

_Strashny_ (Russian destroyer), sinking of the, 34

Subotin, Sanitary Inspector, 317, 319

Supplies begin to run short, 233;
horse-flesh proposed, 270;
amount available on December 8, 271;
on December 31, 385

Supply branch, mismanagement of, 9, 38, 40, 46, 90

Suicides begin to occur, 207

Surrender suggested by Nogi, 159;
discussed among Stössel's staff, 218;
_parlementaire_ dispatched to negotiate, 325;
effect of the news, 326, 332

Tafashin Heights, 75

Ta-ku-shan Hills, importance of, 88, 92;
position of, 123, 139;
loss of, 142;
attempt to recapture, 144;
failure of, 147;
second attempt fails, 155;
omission of Velichko to fortify, 217;
effect, 238

Telegraphy, wireless, not used, 157

Telephones (Russian), quite unreliable, 14, 145;
use of, by the Japanese, 104;
delay in working, 197

Temple Redoubt, 107, 108, 192;
renewed attacks on, 195;
capture of, 195

Trenches, Russian, defects of, 200

Tretiakoff, Colonel: his efforts to fortify Kinchou, 37, 47, 56;
at Battle of Kinchou, 69, 71;
applies to Fock for reinforcements, and is refused, 72;
his heroism in holding 203 Metre Hill, 248

Truce, to find wounded, after November 24, 241

Unreadiness of Russia, 4

Urasovsky, Captain, death of, 33

Velichko on the importance of holding the advanced position, 135;
his omission to fortify Ta-ku-shan, 217

Vershinin, Colonel, Chief Commissary, 9;
opposes Stössel's orders, 11

Veselovsky, Lieutenant, death of, at 203 Metre Hill, 253

Viceroy, the (Admiral Alexeieff), orders on outbreak of war, 6;
decides to remove Stössel, 7;
orders as to removal of all families neglected, 8;
arrives and assumes command of fleet (April 14), 36, 41;
leaves for Mukden, 44;
leaves for St. Petersburg, 231

Vladivostock, question of the fleet forcing its way to, 187;
attempt of August 10, 152

War material, insufficiency of, 38

Water, source of supply, 196

'Water-supply' Redoubt, 106;
Japanese efforts to capture, 166, 186, 192;
its value, 192;
renewed Japanese attacks on, 195

White flag sent out (January 1), 324

Wiren, Admiral, 1;
to command battleships and endeavour to reach Vladivostock, 187;
present at last meeting of Council of Defence, 304;
his opinion, 307;
receives news of surrender, 326;
orders ships to be disabled (January 1), 327

Witgeft, Rear-Admiral, takes over command of fleet, 44;
his lack of decision, 51;
his incompetence, 59;
his conferences as to fleet breaking out to sea, 150;
opposes Loschinsky's proposals, 131;
death of, 153

Wolf's Hills, importance of holding, 88, 92;
Fock's division to occupy, 129;
loss of (July 29), 131

Wounded, treatment of the, during retreat from Kinchou, 73 _et seq._;
none found after assault of November 24, 242

Yalu, news of the Battle of, 37

Yamoaka, Major, bearer of message about surrender, 160

_Zabiyak_, the, sinking of, 260

Zaredoubt Battery, attack on (August 23), 175

Zedgenidsey, General, death of, 277

Zeitz, Captain, in command at Golden Hill, 142

THE END

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End of Project Gutenberg's The Truth About Port Arthur, by E.K. Nozhin