Chapter LIII (3)

Next day, the 15th of May, the Inca came out in the morning with all his people in the same order as before. He sent for me in the open space. When I came I found them at breakfast, and they gave me, and my Indian attendants, plenty to eat. Afterwards I asked permission to state what I had come for. I said, through the mestizo interpreter, that the President and Judges of the Royal Audience took great pains to favour the Indians, and for that reason I had come with instructions to offer many advantages, wishing to establish peace, not to make war, not that the Indians should make incursions into the land of peace. The President had been strictly charged by his Majesty to grant many favours to the Inca and his captains, and the Judge Matienzo had sent me to ascertain the Inca’s wishes and intentions. To this it was replied that news had now arrived of the desire to make war both from Cuzco and Guamanga, and that threatening movements had been made at other places. In consequence of this, incursions had been made into the land of peace. Further they knew that Hurtado[86] had asked leave to attack them in the time of the Count[87], and had made incursions from Guamanga and in Amaibamba. I replied that the invasion was given up to avoid damage and evil, and not from fear of the Inca’s people, also because the Archbishops, friars, and clerics had intervened to prevent war. The Inca said that this was true, that so he had been informed, and that now, as then, the clergy would be against war. I told him that the face of things was altered. The reason was that his people had entered the land of peace, burnt the churches, pulled down the images, and destroyed the crosses: also that the Indians who were there had been made to worship the sun, though they were Christians. For these reasons the Archbishop, friars, and clergy could not show them favour. The Inca denied it, saying that he had not given such an order; and the first instruction he had given to his people, whenever they made a raid, was not to touch either the churches or the crosses. I then said that I had many witnesses to the facts, who had seen him and the mestizo take the images and burn the churches. He then admitted that he had taken the images and that he had them well guarded and could show them, but that he had never burnt the church. I told him that in Amaibamba I had seen the bits of the cross, and that they had cooked a sheep with it. He replied that he had not gone personally on that raid, that the Indians had done it, and that he regretted it much. He also said that none of the friars, clerics, or soldiers in Peru could complain that he had killed one of them, though he might have done so many times. He could easily have killed two Augustine friars and two other Spaniards who were shut up in a house at Curahuasi, and many others at many times and in many places, but he would not do such a thing, and he had ordered his people not to kill them. Nor had he killed the Indians that I had brought, and that the Indians had more liberty in his land than the Spaniards. He only took Indians who had belonged to his ancestors. To this I replied that here in Peru it was said that he was not the heir of the Incas of this kingdom, but the sons of Atahualpâ, because the Spaniards found him in possession of the kingdom when they arrived. He answered that Atahualpâ was a usurper and a bastard who had murdered Huascar Inca the legitimate heir, and that after him came his father Manco Inca. I then observed that the report was that he was an illegitimate son. He then told me that among them, when there was no legitimate son, the custom was that a bastard succeeded. He was, therefore, high priest in what we call spiritual things. This was in default of another brother, at least one who was older than himself. He thus inherited the temporal lordship. He was in possession and was recognized by the other Incas. They all obeyed him, and if he had not the right they would not obey him. For the rest the question had better be settled by arms and not by talking. All who come try to deceive him. He told me I might go next day. He would write to the Judge Matienzo that he had given me plenty to eat, and let me go in peace. He said he was surprised that I should have shown such prejudice against him in my conversation. In this way he took leave of me, and I went back to my lodging where I remained all that day. From the top of a rising ground I saw the festivities made for the Inca, and heard the songs. The dances were war dances with spears in their hands, throwing them from one to the other. I believe that they did such things by reason of the quantity of chicha they had drunk.

The Inca sent for me late in the afternoon and I went against my will. He told me to sit down and began to boast, saying that he could himself kill fifty Spaniards, and that he was going to have all the Spaniards in the kingdom put to death. He took a lance in his hand and a shield and began to act a valiant man, shouting “Go at once and bring me all that people that are behind these mountains; for I want to go and fight the Spaniards and to kill them all, and I want the wild Indians to eat them.” Then there marched up about 600 or 700 Anti Indians, all with bows and arrows, clubs and axes. They advanced in good order, making reverence to the sun and to the Inca, and took up their positions. Then the Inca again began to brandish his lance, and said that he could raise all the Indians in Peru, he had only to give the order and they would fly to arms. Then all those Antis made an offer to the Inca that, if he wished it, they would eat me raw. They said to him, “What are you doing with this little bearded one here, who is trying to deceive you? it is better that we should eat him at once.” Then two renegade Inca _orejones_ came straight to me with spears in their hands, flourishing their weapons and saying, “The bearded ones! Our enemies.” I laughed at this, but at the same time commended myself to God. I asked the Inca to have mercy and protect me, and so he delivered me from them, and hid me until the morning.

On the morning of the 16th of May the Inca sent for me to come to the open square which he entered in the same order as before, and as I came in I saluted the Inca and sat down. The Inca and all the captains then began to laugh heartily at what had happened the day before, and they asked me what I thought of yesterday’s festival. I replied that I thought it rather exceptional, and that to have treated me so was wrong, seeing that I had come on serious business. They explained that it was only their fun, and that they could not give it up. I then observed that I had to go without having settled anything. We should arrange some kind of peace in the way which seemed to them best, with a fixed period. From such an agreement they would derive much good, by having many new things in their land through which they might make much money and become very rich. They said they would agree if they had any confidence in our promises. The Inca then asked me what kind of peace appeared to me to be good. I said that the King would give more than $15,000 of rent for his maintenance, with which he might be in Cuzco, or here in the Andes, if he would consent to have a town of Indians in Vilcapampa. They answered that this was well, because I said that they should sell coca and wood to Spaniards who settled here, and become very rich.

On this proposal we were occupied for two days. Afterwards the Inca said that if the Spaniards lived amongst them and there was some grievance, owing to which the Spaniards killed one of them or they killed a Spaniard, there would be trouble. For this reason he did not wish that there should be a town, or that the Spaniards should live among them. I replied that I did not wish that to happen, and that it would be better for the Inca or his son to come out and take possession of the estates which the President had promised him in the name of his Majesty. A Corregidor might then come here in the name of his Majesty to administer and maintain justice in that land, the inhabitants receiving the evangelical law and holy baptism. From this much good would come and they would possess their houses and estates. They received this proposal very well, with the condition that his Majesty should pardon everything that had been done up to that time. The Inca’s conditions were that estates should be given to those who were with him and had served him; that the lands which he and his father had desolated near the land of peace and the valley of Amaibamba should be granted to him; that the Indians taken from there should be his; that his Majesty should gratify the persons favoured, that they should be given a promise that they should enjoy the liberties and privileges enjoyed by people of noble birth; that friars and clerics should enter to preach the holy evangel; and that he should be obedient to his Majesty. As the Inca was poor and unable to appear in conformity with the dignity of his position, he stipulated that his son Titu should go out, and be married to the Inca’s niece Doña Beatriz. He also stipulated that the friars and clerics should not be admitted until Doña Beatriz had been delivered to him. He feared that if she was married to anyone else, he and his son would be left without the _repartimiento_ of Indians granted to his brother Sayri Tupac. After a year or two the Inca undertook to come out peacefully, having collected the means to buy what was necessary. He would settle near Guamanga or Cuzco, whichever locality he liked best, with his son Titu and the governor Yamqui Mayta. This arrangement appeared convenient, and he and his captains would swear to observe it, if it was necessary. I was to go out by the way of Guamanga, to complete the treaty with the President.

At this time a letter arrived from the Judge Matienzo announcing that he intended to leave Cuzco in ten days, and that I was to return, bringing the statement of what the Inca wanted. I then said to the Inca that, to show his sincerity, and that the Christians might see that he was acting in good faith, I would request him to allow me to assemble the Indians who were Christians, to set up a cross, and there to preach the law of our Lord Jesus Christ and the holy evangel. The Inca consented and ordered a great cross to be made. In order that the agreement might be more secure I asked and prayed him to tell me the truth. For I had seen in the baptismal book of the principal church (in Cuzco) that the Inca had been baptized and named Diego. He told me that it was true, and that he was a Christian, and he confessed it before the Indians. He said that they had poured water over his head, but that he did not remember the name. Presently about 120 Christian Indians assembled before the cross, kneeling and taking off their _llautus_. Those who were not Christians stood apart, wondering at our proceedings. We carried the cross, I and four Indians, and set it up. Then I said many things about our holy Christian religion and the salvation of their souls. Then I told them to pray for God’s mercy on their knees, which they did three times, crying for mercy with their clasped hands raised to heaven. Then I asked permission of the Inca to preach to those who were not Christian, as he was one. He agreed, and ordered them to come and hear me preach. I explained to them that the things which God had created were for the use of man, that the sun and moon were creatures made by God for man’s service, and to give him light. After they had adored the cross, I said it would be well for me to write to the Judge Matienzo to tell him that they wished to receive the evangel, to make peace, and to send me to Lima on horseback, by way of Guamanga, to settle the agreement with the President. They sent Indian runners, and I sent two of those I had brought with me, to convey the writing as agreed.

On the 17th of May the Inca sent certain macaws and baskets of earth nuts to the Treasurer Merlo and the Judge Matienzo. I then said it would be a good thing for the Inca to send thirty captains to the city of Cuzco, that they might see how well treated they would be, and how freely they could pass over the whole land. I should remain as a hostage until their return. The Inca said that if I thought such a proceeding advisable he would agree; but if the slightest injury was done to any one of those Indians, he said he would hang me. I replied that I was willing to run the risk. Then the Inca sent the thirty captains to arrive there in six days, and send an account of their treatment in another five days. He ordered them to go first to the chief or principal church and worship the holy sacrament, and then to the house of the Judge Matienzo. He also wrote to the friars of our Lady of Mercy, and to the Franciscan friars, to ask two of them to come and preach in his territory, and that he would give them the products of the land in exchange for their doctrine. He also wrote to the Judge Matienzo, thanking him for having sent me, for that I had made known to them the law of our Lord Jesus Christ. He asked for two friars as his people wished to be Christians and to be convinced that the things they had worshipped up to that time were foolishness. As his honour had expressed a wish to have an interview with the Inca at the frontier of the land of peace, the Inca would rejoice to comply, if his honour would come with not more than three Spaniards, and that he would be at the bridge of Chuquichaca, at such time as the Judge might appoint.

In the meantime I preached and explained the Christian doctrine every morning, and they came to hear me. The Indian messengers who went to Cuzco did not return at the appointed time. They thought that their friends had been put to death and were sad. The governor Yamqui Mayta said to me, that morning, that I had committed some sin in Peru, because they sent me here and here I should be killed. Before I arrived, he continued, they had resolved that, with 700 Antis and 2000 other Indians, they would attack the towns near their frontier, seize all the Indians they could capture, and kill all the clerics, friars, and other Spaniards they could catch. They had abandoned this plan out of regard for me. Yet, notwithstanding that they had received the evangelic law, I had deceived them. If within two days the messengers did not return, he added, they would make the raid which had originally been intended.

On the 20th of May the news came that the captains who took the message to Cuzco had been received and well treated. Out of joy at this news they played on drums and trumpets and had a great feast. They sent for me and told me I had told the truth. Then they read the letters from the Judge Matienzo which had arrived. In them he said that he wished to have an interview with the Inca, and that on the last day of Easter he would set out, arriving at the bridge on Friday or Saturday, making all haste. He said that he would bring fourteen or fifteen men with him, being the guard that his Majesty granted, to accompany him. At this the Inca was undecided, fearing that it might be a plot to kill him and his Indians, but that I would counsel him and that he would trust me. I said that not only could he trust the word of the Judge in going to Chuquichaca, but that he might trust it in going to Cuzco. If he brought a hundred men with him it would not be for offence but for service. All those he brought with him would come as friends. If the King of Spain wished to conquer him, not all the Indians in the kingdom and 10,000 more could stand against his power. His Majesty had done this because his thought was to maintain peace, and to advance the knowledge of God; not that the Spaniards should invade their land and seize their wives and children. To this he replied that the power of the King was great, and though he had so many nations, as well black men as Moors, subject to him, yet he, the Inca, like Manco Inca his father before him, knew how to defend himself in those mountains. At the same time, as I said he should go, he would do so, and presently he sent to Vilcapampa for more men.

On the 25th of May one of his generals arrived with 300 men, armed with lances, who entered the open place where the rest were drawn up, and made obeisance to the sun and to the Inca. Then a hundred captains of those who came from Vilcapampa went to where Yamqui Mayta was standing and asked why he had consented to have the cross planted in their land, seeing that it had not been set up in the time of Manco Inca. Why then was it there now? If I had persuaded the Inca to do this, they intended to kill me. The Inca replied that it was done by his order, and that it was well that they should accept the cross of the creator of all things. Having received this answer they went to their seats, and the festival proceeded.

On the 28th of May we set out for the bridge of Chuquichaca to meet the Judge who was coming. A garrison of 200 Indians was left in Arancalla and the rest went with us. We arrived on Saturday, the eve of the Trinity, at the bridge of Chuquichaca, where we received the news that the Judge Matienzo was at the bridge of Amaibamba with 30 Spaniards, 10 negroes, 20 arquebusiers and 150 Cañari Indians with their lances. Presently we received a letter from the Judge Matienzo in which he said that he had come with this escort, that the Inca should cross the river to see him, and that the Treasurer Merlo, a clergyman, two other Spaniards and I would be hostages for his safety. The Inca wished to comply, but the captains would not consent. The Inca then wrote to the Judge Matienzo proposing that he should come with all his company to the passage of the bridge, that his honour should pass over, and that he, the Inca, would send as hostages his governor and camp master, who would go to the other side. The Inca then detached 300 Indians to keep watch and ward. I said that the Judge Matienzo would not consent to this, not having a royal commission, but that he would cross with all his escort and that, in that open space which was large, the Inca and Judge could see each other and discuss what they desired. The Inca wrote a letter to that effect. Then there were prepared litters of silver and gold and much carving, and he had 25 _alcabuçes_ brought out, which he distributed among those who knew. He said to me that, as I was his friend, he wanted to tell me a secret. He had had 300 cloaks and also breeches of dead people brought. Then he called an assembly, saying that those who brought those clothes had been killed, and if the Spaniards intended to attack, each one would become a good soldier in defence of his lord.

At that moment the Judge Matienzo arrived at the bridge with all his people. Then Garcia de Merlo, the clergyman, and the two other Spaniards crossed over and explained to the Inca the proposals of the President. He said that he understood and that he would come across the river. But the captains said that the bridge was tricky, that the Inca’s legs were bruised from a fall he had recently had, and that he could not pass over. Then he sent me, with the governor and two other captains, to be hostages together with the thirty captains who had come from Cuzco. I took the Judge apart and explained everything to him, but those who were with him would scarcely let us talk in secret. I began to understand that it was not intended to settle anything owing to the intriguers who were with the Judge, and who were unreasonable. The Indians were noting everything. The Judge said he did not wish to cross the river, and I returned with the governor and all the other captains of the Inca. I then asked the Inca to come over, and he agreed to do so, contrary to the wishes of all his captains, as I advised it. Then he went with all his followers richly dressed and with their arms in good order. They marched to a cross that had been put up and all did reverence to it. The Inca’s escort amounted to 600 Indians. Then I went to the Judge Matienzo and asked him to go alone to the bridge without any of his followers, so that he and the Inca might converse without anyone hearing them. He consented and went with the mestizo Porras as interpreter. He was armed with sword and arquebus, and the Inca also had his weapons. The Inca had passed from the other side with his governor, camp master, ten captains, and the mestizo.

The Inca threw himself at the feet of the Judge weeping, and relating the misfortunes of his father and himself. He told how they had been kept in prison by Juan Pizarro, like dogs in a collar, until they should give him a box full of gold. They also seized his mother and one of his sisters in the valley of Tambo. His father had taken refuge in these mountains and four times Juan Pizarro, Hernando Pizarro and Orgoñez came to conquer him by order of the Marquis, when many Spaniards and Indians lost their lives. As a return for his father’s hospitality to seven Spaniards of the party of Almagro, they murdered him. He said many other things which were not confided to us. Finally he asked for peace on the basis that had been negotiated. Then he sent for some small baskets of feathers and presented them to the Judge.

The Judge said that he was also anxious for peace and that he would consent to all the terms in the name of his Majesty, except as regards the Indians who had been taken from citizens of Cuzco. They must be given up. The Inca said that this might be settled afterwards. The Judge replied that that could not be. Then the Inca said that he must go to consult with his captains, and that he would return with the answer. The Judge pressed the Inca to come out of the mountains, and the Inca said that he was poor, and unable to maintain the expense. He put forward the excuse that he was in the Andes, 60 leagues from whence the Judge came, and it would be necessary for him to wait more than a month before they could go together. It is true that this was so. The Judge said that he would wait for him at Cuzco. At this juncture the arquebusiers who were with the Judge Matienzo began to press nearer to hear what was said, notwithstanding that they were called to and told to stop. The Inca wanted to return from fear of them. But reason did not prevail and there was confusion. The Inca took leave, saying that he wished to tell what had been said to his captains, and that he would return. I passed backwards and forwards four or five times to ascertain when the Inca would resume the interview, for the Judge wanted to depart. The Inca said that he was so pressed upon that he was afraid, and that he thought treachery was intended. I went to the Judge and asked him not to go that day as he had arrived very late. Amaibamba was distant more than three leagues, and he could not get there before night. I urged him to stay and hear what the Inca would say when he resumed the conversation. So he waited until the morning, the Spaniards guarding one side and the Indians the other. The Indians made many fires and played on their trumpets and whistles. In the morning the camp master came and told me that the Inca would come to answer the Judge, and to tell me his view of the negotiation. The Judge did not wish it, and said the Inca could send what he had to propose further in a letter. If he would not come out in peace the bridge must be destroyed. The Inca answered that he would comply with the treaty he had made with me, and he ordered the bridge to be broken down on his side. This was done and we departed. They also retired.

This is a true account of what happened in this journey, abridged so as to avoid prolixity, and I sign with my name the truth of what happened in my presence.

MOLINA

(_See Hakluyt Society’s volume for 1873._)

Father Cristobal de Molina was a priest who devoted his life to the investigation of the history, religion and customs of the ancient Peruvians, of which he gave an account to the Emperor in a letter dated Lima, 12 July, 1539 as follows: “I went with Almagro (the elder) in his discoveries and, that your Majesty may be well informed, he sent Henao, a servant of the Comendador Mayor Cobos, to delineate all the route he traversed and discovered, that is to say from Tumbez in 3 S. to the river Maulé in 39, which by land is 1024 leagues, besides what he discovered between Panama and Tumbez; and drew the nations and tribes, their dresses, rites, and each one in his manner of living, with many other things.” He adds: “I do not speak of what happened between Hernando Pizarro and Almagro because I am a Priest and wish to give no opinion unless by command of my Prince. I am now advanced in years, and tired with the labours in the service of your Majesty under Almagro.” (_Coll. Muñoz, Ee_ 1, fo. 260 _and_ 261.)

Molina dedicated his Laws and Rites of the Incas to Sebastian de Lartoun, Bishop of Cuzco, who took possession of the see on July 28th, 1573. Molina died, when assisting at the Council of Lima, on October 9th, 1583. (_Historia del Cuzco._ _Vasco Contreras y Valverde MS._)

INDEX

=Abancay=, artillery placed in, 101

=Acosta=, Juan de, in command of troops, 155;
career of, 155 (_n._)

=Acuña=, Doña Brianda de, wife of the Viceroy, 115, 115 (_n._)

=Aguero=, Diego de, Captain, appointed to meet the Viceroy, 16;
career of, 16 (_n._), 17 (_n._);
receives despatches from the Viceroy, 17;
sets out for the city of Truxillo, 22, 23;
informs the Viceroy of events in Lima, 45;
returns to the municipality of Lima, 54;
takes part in receiving the Viceroy, 56, 57

=Alamos=, Diego Maldonado de, signs the document appointing
Gonzalo Pizarro Chief Justice, 68, 69

=Aldana=, Lorenzo de, Captain, writes to the Viceroy, 74, 75;
career and death of, 74 (_n._);
goes to see the Viceroy, 86;
his imprisonment on board a ship, 86, 145;
released, 86

=Alexander=, King of Greece, account of his
treatment of Parmenion, 84, 84 (_n._)

=Almagro=, Diego de, supporters of, favoured by the Viceroy, 18;
defeated by Vaca de Castro at Chupas, 36

=Almagro=, Diego de, the lad, 23, 124, 178 (_n._)

=Almao=, Luis de, a servant of Gonzalo Pizarro, 35

=Almendras=, Diego de, joins Gonzalo Pizarro, 41

=Almendras=, Francisco de, Captain, joins Gonzalo Pizarro, 40;
his career, 40 (_n._);
acts as witness to a proposal with regard to Gonzalo Pizarro, 67;
is sent to Guamanga for artillery, 79, 80, 81;
ordered to seize despatches, 101;
intercepts Francisco de Ampuero and Pero Lopez, 102;
his further treatment of them, 103, 104;
prevents Bishop Don Jeronimo de Loaysa from proceeding
further on his mission, 108;
sent to Chuquisaca as Lieutenant of the Governor, 140 (_n._);
murder of, 156

=Almendras=, Martin de, joins Gonzalo Pizarro, 41

=Altamirano=, Antonio de, Alcalde, 8;
accompanies Vaca de Castro on his journey to the city of the Kings, 13;
career and death of, 13 (_n._);
in favour of Gonzalo Pizarro being made Chief Justice, 68;
leaves the meeting to avoid voting, 69;
but afterwards signs, 70;
named as Ensign General, 79

=Alvarado=, Alonso de, Captain, 111

=Alvarado=, Hernando de, Captain, sent to Truxillo, 111

=Alvarez=, the Licentiate, sails with Blasco Nuñez, 1 (_n._);
one of the four Judges appointed to carry
out the new laws in Peru, 4 (_n._);
opposes the Viceroy, 7;
attends a meeting of Alcaldes and perpetual magistrates, 37;
summoned to meet the Viceroy, 94

=Alzate=, Simon de, Public Notary, goes with despatches, 90;
Captain Francisco de Almendras wishes him to be killed, 103, 104

=Amaibamba=, 171, 172, 173, 187, 188, 191, 196, 199

=Amendariz=, Diaz, Licentiate, Commissary General, 78

=Ampuero=, Francisco de, at the city of the Kings, 18;
takes part in receiving the Viceroy, 56, 57;
to accompany Pero Lopez to Cuzco, 89, 90;
his career, 89 (_n._), 90 (_n._);
arrives at Guamanga, 93;
intercepted by Francisco de Almendras, 102;
allowed to return, 104

=Añaquito=, 51, 98;
death of Blasco Nuñez at, 2;
Hernando Bachicao at, 13 (_n._);
the Licentiate Benito Suarez de Carbajal at, 26 (_n._);
Diego de Mora at, 34 (_n._)

=Anaya=, Atilano de, 167

=Andahuaylas=, province of, 47;
letters from, to Cuzco, 65;
letter to, from Gonzalo Pizarro, 65;
Bishop Don Jeronimo de Loaysa in, 109

=Anti Indians=, 165, 180, 189, 194

=Apurimac=, 124, 170

=Arancalla=, 175, 177, 196

=Arauco=, Martin de, takes part in destroying four ships, 151

=Arbieto=, Martin Hurtado de, 187 (_n._)

=Arequipa=, 9 (_n._), 10 (_n._), 29, 37 (_n._), 48, 73, 98, 147;
discontent in, at the ordinances, 30

=Arevalo=, 9 (_n._)

=Arrian=, 84

=Arvés=, Juan de, goes to the city of Leon, 112

=Asdrubal=, 49

=Atahualpa=, 17 (_n._), 28 (_n._), 40 (_n._), 70 (_n._), 188

=Aurelio=, Antonio de, chosen to accompany the royal ordinances, 93

=Avila=, Alonso de, 126

=Avila=, Juan Vazquez de, 16

=Aviles=, 45

=Aviles=, Alonso de, disloyalty of, 116

=Ayavire=, town of, 42, 42 (_n._)

=Bachicao=, Hernando, 11;
accompanies Vaca de Castro on his journey to the city of the Kings, 13;
career of, 13 (_n._);
resolves to go to Cuzco, 34;
desires to leave Lima, 45, 46;
arrives in Huarochiri, 47;
departure from Lima, 59;
the Cuzco citizens disturbed by his news, 64;
is interviewed with others by Pedro de los Rios, 65;
signs in favour of Gonzalo Pizarro being made Chief Justice, 68, 69;
in charge of the artillery, 79, 140 (_n._), 156

=Badajos=, 19

=Balsa=, Juan, 42 (_n._)

=Bambacona=, 178

=Banba=, 165

=Barba=, Francisco, with King Manco Inca, 124

=Barbaran=, Juan de, appointed to meet the Viceroy, 17;
receives despatches from the Viceroy, 17;
returns to the city of the Kings with the news of the Viceroy’s coming, 18;
receives the rod of office, 19

=Barcelona=, 2 (_n._)

=Barco=, Pedro del, hanged, 139 (_n._)

=Barrionuevo=, Alonso de, supports Vela Nuñez, 126, 127

=Bazan=, a soldier, sent to Arequipa by Gonzalo Pizarro, 40

=Beatriz=, Doña, 191

=Belalcazar=, Sebastian de, Adelantado, 13 (_n._), 74 (_n._), 156;
ordered to execute and enforce the new laws, 77, 78

=Berrio=, Juan de, at Guamanga, 80;
chosen to accompany the royal ordinances, 93

=Buenaventura=, port of, 77

=Bustillo=, servant of Comendador Hernando Pizarro,
carries letters to Gonzalo Pizarro, 35

=Cabrera=, Juan, arrival of, at the town of Timana, 77

=Caceres=, Alonso de, Captain, 105, 106, 139 (_n._);
quiets the tumult at Arequipa, 30

=Caceres=, Juan de, the Accountant, 7, 92 (_n._)

=Caciques= and the new laws, 15

=Cadiz=, the isle of, 49

=Cali=, town of, 77, 129

=Callao=, 16, 40, 42, 43

=Camargo=, Alonso de, plot of, 156;
receives pardon, 159

=Camporedondo=, Gaspar Rodriguez de, 11;
accompanies Vaca de Castro to the city of the Kings, 13;
career of, 13 (_n._);
great friendship for Vaca de Castro, 46;
departs from Lima, 46, 59;
Gonzalo Pizarro converses with, 66;
seeks pardon of the Viceroy, 92;
action of Francisco de Carbajal against, 92 (_n._);
beheaded, 136 (_n._)

=Cañari Indians=, 196

=Canary Islands=, 70 (_n._)

=Canela=, 38, 49

=Canelos=, Gonzalo Diaz de Pineda sent to explore, 115 (_n._)

=Cañete=, Marquis of, 42 (_n._)

=Caravaya=, mines of, 42

=Carbajal=, Benito Suarez de, the Licentiate, accompanies Vaca
de Castro on his journey to the city of the Kings, 13;
receives a letter of advice from his brother the Factor, 26;
his career and death, 26 (_n._);
his arrival at Cuzco, 48

=Carbajal=, Diego de, 136 (_n._)

=Carbajal=, Francisco de, departs from Cuzco, 8;
his arrival at the city of the Kings, 8;
lodges at the house of Antonio Riquelme, 8;
receives an insult from the members of the municipality, 9;
date and place of birth, 9 (_n._);
his career, 9 (_n._), 10 (_n._);
wishes to return to Spain, 30;
departs from Lima, 31;
summoned to come to Cuzco with arms and troops, 73;
action against Gaspar Rodriguez de Camporedondo, 92 (_n._);
appointed as Master of the Camp, 118;
gives advice to Gonzalo Pizarro, 118, 119;
deserts the Viceroy, 135 (_n._);
copy of letter to Gonzalo Pizarro, 160, 161

=Carbajal=, Jeronimo de, 26, 136 (_n._)

=Carbajal=, Rodrigo de, 26

=Carbajal=, Yllan Suarez de, the Factor, 13 (_n._);
appointed to meet the Viceroy, 16;
career of, 16 (_n._);
receives despatches from the Viceroy, 17;
sets out for the city of Truxillo, 22, 23;
returns to Lima, 24;
is induced to make friends with Vaca de Castro, 33;
goes to meet the Viceroy, 54;
converses with the Viceroy, 55;
takes part in receiving the Viceroy, 56, 57;
cypher letter of, to Benito Suarez de Carbajal, 72;
secret proceedings in the house of, 131;
death of, 136, 149;
character of, 149

=Cardenas=, Francisco de, 89, 94;
sends news to Gonzalo Pizarro, 100

=Carrasco=, Pero Alonso, Procurator,
does not fall in with Gonzalo Pizarro’s suggestion, 70;
badly wounded, 71

=Carrero=, Puerto, 140 (_n._)

=Cartagena=, 106

=Carthage=, 49

=Carvajal=, the Licentiate, leaves Cuzco, 106

=Carveo=, Hernando, father of Diego Centeno, 61

=Castilla=, Baltasar de, career of, 135 (_n._);
the Viceroy desires to kill, 146;
flight of, from Lima, 149

=Castilla=, Jeronimo, excuses himself from going with Gonzalo Pizarro, 106;
flight of, from Cuzco, 116

=Castilla=, Sebastian de, the murderer of Hinojosa, 38 (_n._), 135 (_n._)

=Castillo=, Pedro Gonzalez del, the Scrivener, 92 (_n._)

=Castro=, Diego de, 166

=Castro=, Lope Garcia de, 166, 167, 168

=Castro=, Vaca de, the Governor, 4;
consents to Francisco de Carbajal’s return to Spain, 8;
replies to those who wished him to remain as Royal Governor, 11, 12;
his letter to Captain Gonzalo Pizarro, 12;
sets out from Cuzco, 13;
is ordered to give up the position of Governor, 17, 18;
on leaving Cuzco, with all the artillery and arms, proceeds to
Guamanga, and then to the valley of Xauxa, 21, 22;
sends Pero Lopez to welcome the Viceroy, 22;
letter to, from the municipality of the city of the Kings, 22;
is perplexed as to what course to pursue, 25;
proceeds unarmed, 26;
numerous missives of, 27;
arrives at Lima, 29;
sends a letter to the city of Arequipa, 29;
his procedure at Lima, 32, 33;
sends a letter of advice to Gonzalo Pizarro, 35;
goes to meet the Viceroy, 54;
the Viceroy’s hatred of, 82;
is imprisoned, 85, 86;
is released, 86;
is again imprisoned, 86;
flight of, to Nombre de Dios, 153;
lands at Terceira, 153;
imprisoned in the castle of Arevalo, 153;
his release, 153;
restored to his seat in the Royal Council of Castille, 153

=Cauca=, valley of the, 63 (_n._)

=Caxamarca=, 16 (_n._), 40 (_n._), 70 (_n._)

=Cayanbi=, 176

=Ccoya=, Leonora, an Inca Princess,
wife of Francisco de Villacastin, 42 (_n._)

=Centeno=, Diego, Alcalde, 13 (_n._);
nominated as Procurator, 37;
career and death of, 37 (_n._);
sets out for Lima, 38;
arrival at Lima, 59, 60;
mission of, 60, 61;
character and career of, 61;
arrives at Cuzco with despatches and provisions of the Viceroy, 79;
seeks pardon of the Viceroy, 92;
plot of, 156

=Cepeda=, Diego de, the Licentiate, joins Blasco Nuñez’s expedition, 1;
one of the four Judges appointed to enforce the new laws in Peru, 4 (_n._);
opposes the Viceroy, 7;
summoned to meet the Viceroy, 94;
his reply to the Viceroy’s speech, 95, 96

=Cermeño=, Pedro, Captain, says that Vaca
de Castro was the Royal Governor, 11;
Gonzalo Pizarro converses with, 66;
acts as witness to a proposal concerning Gonzalo Pizarro, 67;
brings Diego Maldonado to Gonzalo Pizarro, 70;
Captain of arquebusiers, 79, 140 (_n._);
ordered to Xaquixaguana, 106

=Cespedes=, Luis de, accompanies Bishop Don
Jeronimo de Loaysa on his journey to Cuzco, 88

=Chachapoyas=, the Viceroy not received in, 147

=Chaqui=, Gonzalo Pizarro at, 35, 38

=Charcas=, 9 (_n._), 31, 34, 37 (_n._), 147

=Charles V=, new laws signed by, at Barcelona, 2 (_n._);
letter to, from Blasco Nuñez, 18 (_n._);
Alonso Riquelme appointed Treasurer by, 28 (_n._)

=Chaves=, Gomez de, Public Notary, proposal
made concerning Gonzalo Pizarro in presence of, 67;
scheme of, 122

=Chicama=, valley of, 34 (_n._)

=Chimu=, ancient name of Truxillo, 23, 34 (_n._)

=Chincha=, 130

=Chupas=, battle of, 10 (_n._), 13 (_n._), 17
(_n._), 26 (_n._), 28, 34 (_n._), 36, 37
(_n._), 71 (_n._), 73, 74 (_n._), 178 (_n._)

=Chuquichaca=, 171, 194, 195, 196

=Chuquinga=, 74 (_n._)

=Chuquisaca=, 37 (_n._), 40 (_n._), 53 (_n._)

=City of the Kings= (_see_ Lima)

=Ciudad Real=, 34 (_n._)

=Ciudad Rodrigo=, 37 (_n._), 61

=Cleander=, 84 (_n._)

=Cobos=, Comendador Mayor, 200

=Coca=, Sebastian de, appointed to meet the Viceroy, 17;
loyalty of, 126;
returns to Lima, 128

=Cochacaxa=, an Indian village, 107

=Collique=, province of, 154

=Colonna=, 9

=Columbus=, 6

=Conde=, Beltran del, departs from Lima, 46

=Condesuyos=, 105

=Condormarca=, 175

=Contreras=, Rodrigo de, sails with Blasco Nuñez, 1 (_n._);
at Panama, 5;
his complaint to the Viceroy, 5, 6

=Cordova=, Gonsalvo de, Captain, 9 (_n._)

=Cornejo=, Miguel, 9 (_n._), 10 (_n._);
reads the new laws to the people of Arequipa, 30;
with King Manco Inca, 124

=Cueto=, Diego Alvarez de, Captain,
the Viceroy’s brother-in-law, arrives at Tumbez with the Viceroy, 14;
at Truxillo, 34;
accompanies the Viceroy on the way to Lima, 46;
appointed Captain-General of the fleet, 86;
appointed Captain of cavalry, 99;
arranged to go to meet the fugitives, 130;
the plan abandoned, 130;
half the Constables’ fees ordered to be paid to, 146;
takes part in destroying four ships, 151

=Curahuasi=, 188

=Curamba=, Bishop Don Jeronimo de Loaysa at, 109

=Cusi Puma=, 180

=Cuzco=, city of, 4, 8, 11, 12;
Vaca de Castro departs from, 13, 21;
departure of Captain Gonzalo Pizarro from, 34;
siege of, 37 (_n._);
citizens of, go out to meet Gonzalo Pizarro, 44;
flight of citizens of, from Lima, 46;
anger of the citizens at the new laws, 64;
proposal of the municipal officers, 67;
many citizens of, hesitate to take up arms,
and write to the Viceroy for pardon, 91, 92;
movements in, on behalf of the Viceroy, 121, 122, 123;
Manco Inca advances on, with an armed force, 123;
the Viceroy not received in, 147

=Diminus=, 84

=Diogenes Laertius=, quoted, 97

=Dionysius of Halicarnassus=, quoted, 97

=Encomenderos= and the new laws, 5, 15, 30

=Enriquez=, Juan, the common
crier, ordered to proclaim the new laws publicly, 83

=Escobar=, Francisco de, 137 (_n._)

=Escobar=, Maria de, 145, 151

=Escobedo=, Francisco de, 136 (_n._)

=Esidoro=, Friar, appointed to meet the Viceroy, 17

=Espinal=, Manuel de, Treasurer, ordered to go to Arequipa, 112

=Espinosa=, a soldier, 43

=Espinosa=, Francisco de, leaves Huanuco, 113

=Esquivel=, Pantoja Alonso Perez de, the Licentiate, 19;
proceeds to Truxillo to join the Viceroy, 19;
flight of, from Cuzco, 116;
takes part in a plot to murder Francisco de Almendras, 156

=Estacio=, Manuel de, discontent of, 131

=Estopiñan=, Lorenzo de, appointed to meet the Viceroy, 17;
negotiations with the Licentiate de la Gama, 28;
is sent to Vaca de Castro with documents to sign, 33;
goes to meet the Viceroy, 56;
mission of, 60

=Estremadura=, 37 (_n._)

=Felipe=, Don, orders the new laws to be enforced, 77

=Felix=, a servant of the Viceroy, 114

=Figueroa=, Diego Rodriguez de, report
of, on his mission to Titu Cusi Yupanqui Inca, 168, 169;
narrative of the route and journey made by, 170 ff.

=Florencia=, Martin de, hanged, 139 (_n._)

=Frederick Barbarossa=, 98

=Fuentes=, Pedro de, sent to Arequipa as Lieutenant of the Governor, 140 (_n._)

=Gama=, Antonio de la, the Licentiate, sets out to meet Vaca de Castro, 19;
career of, 19 (_n._);
meets Vaca de Castro, 22;
precedes Vaca de Castro’s entering Lima, 27, 28;
departs from Lima, 47, 48;
letters from, 66;
is ordered to the bridge of the Apurimac, 124

=Garay=, Antonio, remains at Huanuco, 114

=Garcia=, Marcos, the narrative of Titu Cusi
Yupanqui dictated to, 164, 166, 167, 168

=Garcilasso=, the Inca, 13 (_n._)

=Gasca=, 17 (_n._), 26 (_n._), 31 (_n._),
34 (_n._), 37 (_n._), 38 (_n._), 53 (_n._), 71 (_n._), 74 (_n._), 76

=Gavilan=, Diego, at Guamanga, 80

=Gil=, Gaspar, Captain, accompanies Vaca de Castro on his journey to the city of the Kings, 13;
put to death, 155

=Giron=, 17 (_n._), 31 (_n._), 34 (_n._),
53 (_n._), 71 (_n._), 74 (_n._)

=Gomera=, Conde de, 135 (_n._)

=Gonzalez=, Diego, kills Alonso de Toro, 42 (_n._)

=Grado=, leaves Huanuco, 113

=Gran Canaria=, island of, Blasco Nuñez reaches, 1

=Griego=, Jorge, 126

=Guadachevi=, 26

=Gualle=, town of, 89

=Guamanga=, city of, Vaca de Castro at, 22;
artillery sent for from, 79, 80;
Pero Lopez and Francisco de Ampuero arrive at, 93

=Guayaquil=, the Viceroy’s letter to, 10

=Guelpone=, Count of Angleria, 98

=Guevara=, Anton Ruiz de, 139 (_n._)

=Guevara=, Juan Velez de, Captain, says that Vaca
de Castro was the Royal Governor, 11;
is interviewed with others by Pedro de los Rios, 65;
votes in favour of Gonzalo Pizarro being made Chief Justice, 68, 69;
Captain of infantry, 79;
ordered to Xaquixaguana, 106;
in charge of arquebusiers, 140 (_n._)

=Guevara=, Vasco de, Captain, at Guamanga, 80, 81;
arrives at Lima, 100

=Gumiel=, Diego, Captain of infantry, 79;
pardon granted to, 92 (_n._);
execution of, 140 (_n._)

=Gutierrez=, Felipe, 105, 136 (_n._)

=Hannibal=, 49

=Hector=, son of Parmenion, 84, 84 (_n._)

=Henao=, 200

=Henriquez=, Martin, 169

=Heredia=, Nicolas de, executed, 159

=Hernandez=, Garcia, leaves Huanuco, 113

=Hinojosa=, Pedro Alonso de, 17 (_n._);
nominated as Procurator, 37;
career of, 37 (_n._);
murder of, 38 (_n._);
sets out for Lima, 38, 59;
returns to Cuzco, 60;
sent to Arequipa for arms and troops, 73

=Hojeda=, Juan Julio de, signs the document
appointing Gonzalo Pizarro Chief Justice, 69

=Holguin=, Alonso, Indians taken away from, 34, 64

=Hontivéros=, 79

=Huacho=, 53 (_n._)

=Huanuco=, 23, 75, 102, 147

=Huara=, a town of Indians, 22

=Huarina=, battle of, 10 (_n._), 13 (_n._), 37 (_n._), 64, 98

=Huarochiri=, province of, 47, 116, 126

=Huascar Inca=, 188

=Huayna Ceapac=, palace of, 13 (_n._)

=Huaytara=, 100

=Hurtado=, 187

=Illanes=, Juan de, 162

=Indians=, new laws regarding, 2 (_n._), 3, 11, 14, 15, 64;
liberation of, at Truxillo and San Miguel, 23;
conflict between, and Spaniards, 125

=Josephus=, 98

=Julius Cæsar=, 49, 63

=La Barranca=, town of, 22;
the motto at, 24;
the Viceroy arrives at, 50

=La Gasca=, President, 12

=La Gasca=, account of the voyage of, 162, 163

=La Plata=, 172, 173

=Lartoun=, Sebastian de, Bishop of Cuzco, 200

=Las Casas=, new laws advocated by, 2 (_n._)

“=Las Perdrices=,” near the city of the Kings, 17

=Lentulus=, Consul, 63

=Leon=, Antonio de, goes to receive the Viceroy, 26, 50

=Leon=, Cieza de, 10 (_n._)

=Leon=, Francisco de, 41

=Leon=, Gomez de, 41

=Leon=, Juan de, at the city of the Kings, 18;
takes part in receiving the Viceroy, 26, 50, 56, 57

=Leon=, Luis de, 139 (_n._), 140 (_n._)

=Leon=, the Licentiate, leaves Lima, 48;
arrives at Cuzco, 66;
the ordinances discussed at the house of, 92

=Leon y Ramirez=, Luis de, joins those who fled from Cuzco, 116

=Lerma=, Alonso de, Ensign to the General Vela Nuñez, 149 (_n._)

=Leyton=, Catalina, wife of Francisco de Carbajal, 9 (_n._)

=Leyva=, 9 (_n._)

=Lima=, ancient name of the city of the Kings,
4, 9 (_n._), 10 (_n._), 16 (_n._), 17 (_n._);
the Viceroy to be received at, 17;
happenings at, 28;
Vaca de Castro’s procedure at, 32, 33;
commotion at, on hearing of the Viceroy’s coming, 45;
the Viceroy’s approach to, 50, 51;
tumult in, 52;
reception of Viceroy at, 56, 57;
news received at, of Gonzalo Pizarro’s being made Procurator, 75;
unsettled feeling at, 81, 82;
the citizens of, greatly disturbed at the
proclamation of the new laws, write letters to Gonzalo Pizarro, 85;
the arrival of the Judges at, 90;
the Court of Justice founded at, 91;
great excitement in, at the news of the
flight of Gonzalo Diaz de Pineda, 129

=Llaches=, 17 (_n._)

=Loaysa=, Father Baltasar de, departs from Lima, 47;
statement of, 52;
seeks pardon of the Viceroy, 92;
sets out from Cuzco to Lima, 92

=Loaysa=, Jeronimo de, Bishop of the city of the Kings, 17, 29, 31;
career and death of, 31 (_n._);
his action at Lima, 33;
asked to meet the Viceroy, 52;
goes to meet, and discourses with him, 54, 55;
distressed at the imprisonment of Vaca de Castro, secures his release, 86;
sets out for Cuzco to try to avert a civil war, 87, 88;
arrives at Guamanga, 93;
receives letters from the Viceroy, 94;
his answer, 94;
reaches Cochacaxa, 107;
is advised to return to Lima, 107;
meets Francisco de Almendras, 107;
is prevented from proceeding further, 108;
writes to Gonzalo Pizarro, 108;
Gonzalo Pizarro’s answer to, 108;
departs to Curamba, thence to Andahuaylas and Uramarca, 109

=Lopez=, Pero, Secretary, 12;
is sent by Vaca de Castro to welcome the Viceroy, 22;
informs Vaca de Castro of the Viceroy’s action, 23;
bears a message to the Viceroy from Vaca de Castro, 50;
despatched to Cuzco with the ordinances, 58;
sent with orders from the Viceroy to Gonzalo Pizarro, 89;
arrives at Guamanga, 93;
intercepted by Francisco de Almendras, 102;
allowed to return, 104

=Losa=, Father Juan de, accompanies Bishop
Don Jeronimo de Loaysa on his journey to Cuzco, 88;
sends a letter to Gonzalo Pizarro, 100;
well received by Gonzalo Pizarro, 110

=Lucuma=, 176

=Lucumaes=, a camp ordered to be made at, 106, 118

=Luna=, Gomez de, imprisoned and strangled, 156

=Lunahuana=, 17 (_n._)

=Mala=, conference at, 13 (_n._), 16 (_n._)

=Malaga=, 79

=Maldonado=, Arias de, 136 (_n._)

=Maldonado=, Diego, Alcalde, the rich, 53 (_n._);
accompanies Vaca de Castro on his journey to the city of the Kings, 13;
resolves to go to Cuzco, 34;
departs from Lima, 46;
interviews held by, concerning Gonzalo Pizarro, 65;
Gonzalo Pizarro asks him to come to Cuzco, 65;
on the election of Gonzalo Pizarro as Chief Justice, 68;
leaves the meeting to avoid voting, 70;
Gonzalo Pizarro forces him to sign, 70;
declines to be Ensign General, 79;
seeks pardon of the Viceroy, 92;
does not approve of Gonzalo Pizarro’s enterprise, 121;
raises the King’s banner at Cuzco, 123;
musters all the Spaniards there, 124

=Maldonado=, Francisco, is interviewed with others by Pedro de los Rios, 65;
signs in favour of Gonzalo Pizarro’s election as Chief Justice, 68, 69;
sent to represent Gonzalo Pizarro, 153

=Manco Inca=, 90 (_n._), 122;
Gonzalo Pizarro appointed Captain against, 65;
sends an armed force against Cuzco, 123;
receives reports from his captains, 124;
questions Diego Mendez, 124;
is killed by Diego Perez, 125;
the murder of, described by his son, 164, 165

=Manjarres=, flight of, from Cuzco, 116

=Manjarves=, Pedro de, 139 (_n._)

=Marainiyo=, 175, 176

=Mark Antony=, 49

=Marquez=, Alonso, accompanies Bishop Don
Jeronimo de Loaysa on his journey to Cuzco, 88

=Martin=, Diego, the clergyman, 104

=Martin=, Lope, goes to Lima, 59, 60;
arrives at Cuzco with news of the Viceroy, 79;
leaves Cuzco, 106

=Matienzo=, Judge, 170, 173, 174, 181, 185, 187, 189, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198

=Maulé=, river, 200

=Mendez=, Diego, with King Manco Inca, 124

=Mendiburu=, General, 10 (_n._)

=Mendieta=, Lope de, Magistrate, 37, 156

=Mendieta=, servant of the Viceroy, 45

=Mendoza=, Antonio de, the Viceroy of Mexico, 9 (_n._), 51

=Mendoza=, Lope de, 8;
executed, 159

=Mendoza=, Luis de, 156

=Meneses=, Pablo de, appointed to meet the Viceroy, 17;
career of, 17 (_n._);
goes to meet the Viceroy, 54;
visits Baltasar de Loaysa, 92 (_n._);
appointed Captain of infantry, 99

=Merlo=, Garcia de, Treasurer, 185, 193, 196, 197

=Mesa=, Alonso de, 70; career of, 70 (_n._), 71 (_n._);
scheme of, 122

=Mexia=, Gaspar, the Viceroy’s desire to kill, 146;
flight of, from Lima, 149

=Mexia=, Hernan, 162

=Mexia=, Lorenzo, deserts the Viceroy, 135 (_n._);
the Viceroy’s desire to kill, 145

=Mezcua=, Gomez de, a servant of Gonzalo Pizarro, 48;
arrives at Cuzco, 62

=Milan=, city of, 98

=Molina=, Father Cristobal de, letter of, to the Emperor, 200

=Monje=, Martin, a soldier, 41

=Monroy=, with King Manco Inca, 124

=Montalvo=, Garcia de, Lieutenant-Governor of Cuzco, 44

=Montaña=, 99

=Montemayor=, Alonso de, meets the Viceroy at Lima, 50;
appointed Captain of cavalry, 99

=Mora=, Diego de, Captain, Indians taken away from, 34, 64;
his career, 34 (_n._)

=Navarro=, a citizen of Cuzco, 105

=New Castille=, 6, 19, 20, 21

=New Granada=, 63 (_n._)

=New Toledo=, 12

=Nicanor=, son of Parmenion, 84, 84 (_n._)

=Nicaragua=, 5

=Nieva=, Viceroy Count of, 187, 187 (_n._) (_see_ Zuñiga y Velasco)

=Niño=, Rodrigo, Licentiate, appointed Procurator, 53;
career of, 53 (_n._);
takes part in the reception of the Viceroy, 56, 57;
returns to Lima, 128

=Nombre de Dios=, Blasco Nuñez arrives at, 2

=Nuñez=, Francisco Velasquez Vela de, General,
brother of the Viceroy, sails with Blasco Nuñez, 1 (_n._);
arrives at Tumbez with the Viceroy, 14;
at Truxillo, 34;
sent to intercept the traitors, 115;
plot to murder, 126, 127;
returns to the Viceroy, 127, 129;
beheaded, 159

=Nuñez=, Juan Velasquez Vela, appointed Captain of the Guard, 99

=Nuñez=, Rodrigo, at enmity with Vaca de Castro, 23