Chapter II: Preface: BY PROFESSOR BRISSAUD v

AUTHORS' PREFACE xiii

NOTE BY THE TRANSLATOR xv

CHAPTER I

THE CONFESSIONS OF A VICTIM TO TIC 1

CHAPTER II

HISTORICAL 25

CHAPTER III

THE PATHOGENY OF TIC 36

TIC AND SPASM
TIC AND MOTOR REACTIONS; REFLEX, CO-ORDINATED, FUNCTIONAL,
AUTOMATIC, AND VOLUNTARY ACTS
TIC AND CO-ORDINATION
THE GENESIS OF TIC
TIC AND WILL
TIC AND HABIT
TIC AND IDEA
TIC AND CONSCIOUSNESS
TIC AND POLYGON
TIC AND FUNCTION

CHAPTER IV

THE MENTAL CONDITION OF TIC SUBJECTS 74

CHAPTER V

THE ETIOLOGY OF TICS 96

CHAPTER VI

PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY 108

CHAPTER VII

STUDY OF THE MOTOR REACTION 118

THE TYPE OF MOTOR REACTION--CLONIC TIC AND TONIC TIC
INTENSITY OF THE MOTOR REACTION
FREQUENCY AND RHYTHM--RHYTHMIC TIC
ATTACKS
LOCALISATION OF THE MOTOR REACTION--VARIABLE TICS--FIXED TICS

CHAPTER VIII

ACCESSORY SYMPTOMS 134

REFLEXES
ELECTRICAL REACTIONS
VASOMOTOR AND SECRETORY AFFECTIONS
AFFECTIONS OF SENSATION

CHAPTER IX

THE DIFFERENT TICS 142

FACIAL TICS--TICS OF MIMICRY
TICS OF THE EAR--AUDITORY TICS
TICS OF THE EYES--NICTITATION AND VISION TICS

A. EYELID TICS
B. EYEBALL TICS

TICS OF THE NOSE--SNIFFING TICS
TICS OF THE LIPS--SUCKING TICS
TICS OF THE CHIN
TICS OF THE TONGUE--LICKING TICS
TICS OF THE JAWS--BITING TICS--TICS OF MASTICATION
MENTAL TRISMUS
TICS OF THE NECK--NODDING AND TOSSING TICS--TICS OF AFFIRMATION,
NEGATION, AND SALUTATION
MENTAL TORTICOLLIS
TICS OF THE TRUNK
TICS OF THE ARM AND OF THE SHOULDER
TICS OF THE HANDS--SCRATCHING TICS
TICS AND WRITING
TICS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES--WALKING AND LEAPING TICS
SPITTING, SWALLOWING, AND VOMITING TICS--TICS OF ERUCTATION
AND OF WIND SUCKING
TICS OF RESPIRATION--SNORING, SNIFFING, BLOWING, WHISTLING,
COUGHING, SOBBING, AND HICCOUGHING TICS

CHAPTER X

TICS OF SPEECH 206

ECHOLALIA
COPROLALIA

CHAPTER XI

THE EVOLUTION OF TICS 221

DISEASE OF GILLES DE LA TOURETTE
VARIABLE CHOREA OF BRISSAUD

CHAPTER XII

ANTAGONISTIC GESTURES AND STRATAGEMS 236

CHAPTER XIII

THE COMPLICATIONS OF TICS 242

CHAPTER XIV

THE RELATION OF TICS TO OTHER PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS 245

TICS AND HYSTERIA
TICS AND NEURASTHENIA
TICS AND EPILEPSY
TICS--INSANITY--IDIOCY
THE TICS OF IDIOTS

CHAPTER XV

THE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF TICS 260

CHAPTER XVI

DIAGNOSIS 264

TICS AND STEREOTYPED ACTS
TICS AND SPASMS

A. TIC OR SPASM OF THE FACE
B. TIC OR SPASM OF THE NECK--TORTICOLLIS TIC AND TORTICOLLIS SPASM

TICS AND CHOREAS

A. SYDENHAM'S CHOREA

B. HUNTINGTON'S CHOREA

C. HYSTERICAL CHOREA

D. ELECTRIC CHOREA, BERGERON'S CHOREA, DUBINI'S CHOREA,
FIBRILLARY CHOREA OF MORVAN

TICS AND PARAMYOCLONUS MULTIPLEX--TICS AND MYOCLONUS
TICS AND ATHETOSIS
TICS AND TREMORS
TICS AND PROFESSIONAL CRAMPS

CHAPTER XVII

PROGNOSIS 293

CHAPTER XVIII

THE TREATMENT OF TICS 298

THE CURABILITY OF TICS
MEDICINAL TREATMENT
DIET--HYGIENE--HYDROTHERAPY
MASSAGE--MECHANOTHERAPY
ELECTROTHERAPY
SUGGESTION
SURGICAL TREATMENT
ORTHOPÆDIC TREATMENT

CHAPTER XIX

TREATMENT BY RE-EDUCATION 315

MIRROR DRILL
REST IN BED
ISOLATION
PSYCHOTHERAPY

* * * * *

APPENDIX 346

BIBLIOGRAPHY 351

INDEX OF NAMES 380

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 384

TICS AND THEIR TREATMENT