Chapter II: Appendix

Double flowers, varieties of, 491--Causes of production, 491--Relation to variegated foliage, 497--List of plants producing, 499.

NOTE 508

INDEX TO SUBJECTS 511

INDEX OF NAMES OF PLANTS 517

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

FIG. PAGE

1. Diagram of regular pentamerous flower 4 2. Cohesion of branch _Dipsacus sylvestris_ 10 3. Fasciated lettuce ('Gard. Chron.') 11 4. Fasciation in _Asparagus_ 12 5. Fasciation in _Pinus Pinaster_ 13 6. Fasciation and spiral torsion in _Asparagus_ ('Gard. Chron.') 14 7. Fasciation in scape of dandelion 16 8. Pitcher on leaf of _Pelargonium_ 22 9. Transition from flat to tubular segments of the perianth in _Eranthis_ 24 10. Pitcher of _Crassula arborescens_ (C. Morren) 26 11. Gamopetalous corolla, _Papaver bracteatum_ 28 12. Adhesion of petaloid stamen to segment of perianth, _Crocus_ 35 13. Adhesion of petal, stamen and carpel, _Cheiranthus Cheiri_ 36 14. Synanthy. _Campanula Medium_ ('Gard. Chron.') 37 15, 16. Synanthic flowers of _Calanthe vestita_ 39 17. Synanthy in _Digitalis purpurea_ ('Gard. Chron.') 40 18. Synanthy in _Calceolaria_ 41 19, 20. Syncarpic apples 47 21. Adhesion of two stems of oak ('Gard. Chron.') 51 22. Adhesion of branches of elm ('Gard. Chron.') 52 23. Adhesion of two roots of carrot, one white, the other red ('Gard. Chron.') 53 24. Section through inverted and adherent mushrooms 54 25. Bifurcated male catkin, _Cedrus Libani_ 61 26. Bifurcated leaf, _Lamium album_ 62 27. Bifurcated leaf, _Pelargonium_ 63 28. Bifurcated frond, _Scolopendrium_ 64 29. Three-lobed lip of _Oncidium_ 68 30. Dialysis of corolla in _Correa_ 71 31. Dialysis of corolla in _Campanula_ (De Candolle) 72 32. Anomalous form of orange 74 33, 34. Disjoined carpels of orange (Maout) 75 35. Proliferous rose (Bell Salter) 78 36, 37. Apple flower, with detached calyx, &c. 79 38. Flower of _OEnanthe crocata_, with detached calyx, &c. 80 39. Anomalous bulbs of tulip 85 40. Displaced leaf of _Gesnera_ (C. Morren) 88 41. Leaves of _Pinus pinea_ 89 42. Deranged leaves of yew 90 43. Cohesion of sepals and displacement of parts of _Oncidium cucullatum_ 92 44. Malformed flower of _Cypripedium_ 93 45. Diagram of the same 93 46. Diagram of natural structure in _Cypripedium_ 93 47. Diagram of malformed flower of _Lycaste Skinneri_ 93 48. Diagram of malformed flower of _Dendrobium nobile_ 94 49. Natural arrangement in same flower 94 50. Diagram of malformed violet 94 51. Monstrous flower of _Cerastium_ ('Gard. Chron.') 97 52. Inflorescence of _Polyanthus_, with tufts of leaves at the summit 105 53. Lateral prolification in inflorescence of _Pelargonium_ 108 54. Paniculate inflorescence of _Plantago major_ 109 55. Branched spike and leafy bracts of the same 110 56. Inflorescence of _Plantago lanceolata_, with leaves and secondary flower-stalks at its summit 111 57. Branched inflorescence of _Reseda Luteola_ 112 58. Thalamus of strawberry prolonged into a leafy branch ('American Agriculturist') 116 59. Flower of _Verbascum_, with dialysis of calyx and corolla and prolonged thalamus 116 60. Median floral prolification of _Dianthus_ 120 61. Leafy carpels and prolification of _Daucus Carota_ 123 62. Median floral prolification of _Delphinium_ 126 63. Median prolification, &c., of _Orchis pyramidalis_ 128 64. Proliferous rose (Bell Salter) 130 65. Axillary floral prolification of _Nymphaea Lotus_ ('Gard. Chron.') 144 66. Axillary floral prolification of _Dianthus_ 146 67. Proliferous rose 151 68. Proliferous rose ('Gard. Chron.') 152 69. Diagram of prolified orchid 153 70. Diagram of prolified orchis 154 71. Adventitious roots from petiole of celery 158 72. Germinating plant of mango 159 73, 74. Adventitious roots from leaves 160 75. Hip of rose bearing leaf 162 76. Leaves proceeding from the ovary of _Nymphaea_ sp. 162 77. Flower-stalk of dandelion, with leaves 163 78. Tuft of leaves in place of flowers in _Valeriana_ sp. 165 79. Scale-bearing spikelets of _Willdenovia_ 167 80. "Rose Willow" 167 81. Viviparous flowers of _Aira vivipara_ 169 82. Formation of shoot on leaf of _Episcia bicolor_ 171 83. Adventitious buds on root of sea-kale 172 84, 85. Production of adventitious bulbs in hyacinth ('Gard. Chron.') 172 86. Adventitious buds on hyacinth ('Gard. Chron ') 173 87-92. Nepaul barley 174, 175 93. Formation of buds on fruit of _Opuntia_ 179 94. Flower-bud in the pod of _Sinapis_ 181 94*, 95. Adventitious pod in silique of _Cheiranthus_ 182 96, 97. Grapes, with adventitious fruits in interior 183 98. Stamens in ovary of _Baeckea diosmifolia_ 184 99. Pollen in ovule of passion flower (S. J. Salter) 185 100. Female flowers at the summit of the inflorescence of _Carex acuta_ 192 101. Monoecious hop ('Gard. Chron.') 193 102. Superior ovary, &c, of fuchsia 198 103. Hermaphrodite flower of _Carica_ 199 104. Ovuliferous anthers of _Cucurbita_ sp. 200 105, 106. Prolonged inflorescence of fig 205 107. Hollow turnip, with inverted leaves 206 108. Normal flower of _Gloxinia_ 207 109. Regular peloria of _Gloxinia_ 207 110, 111. Structural details of erect _Gloxinia_ 208 112. Reflected corolla of azalea 209 113, 114. Enlarged and erect placenta of _Cuphea miniata_ (C. Morren) 210 115. Dimorphic leaves of _Juniperus sinensis_ 217 116. Regular peloria of _Delphinium_ 219 117. Structural details of the preceding 219 118. Regular peloria of violet 220 119. Double-flowered regular violet 220 120. Regular peloria of _Eccremocarpus scaber_ 222 121. Regular peloria of _Cattleya_ 223 122. Peloria of _Calceolaria_ 230 123. Peloric flower of _Aristolochia_ 232 124, 125. Peloric flowers of _Corydalis_ 236 126. Rose plantain 242 127. Leafy bracts in _Plantago major_ 243 128. Leafy scales of _Dahlia_ 244 129. Leafy sepals of rose 246 130. Leafy sepals of Fuchsia ('Gard. Chron.') 247 131. Leafy calyx of primrose 248 132. Leafy calyx of melon 248 133. Leafy sepals and petals of _Geranium_ 251 134. Leafy stamens of _Petunia_ 254 135, 136. Leafy anthers of _Jatropha_ (Mueller) 255 137. Proliferous rose, with leafy carpels, &c. (Bell Salter) 257 138. Cucumber, with adventitious leaf attached (S. J. Salter) 258 139. Leafy carpels in flower of _Triumfetta_ 260 140. Leafy ovules of _Sinapis_ 264 141, 142. Leafy ovules of _Trifolium repens_ (Caspary) 265 143. Portion of leafy carpel of _Delphinium_, with ovules (Cramer) 266 144, 145. Enlarged view of section of leafy carpel, &c., of _Delphinium_ (Cramer) 267 146. Placentae of _Dianthus_, bearing ovules and carpels ('Gard. Chron.') 268 147. Ovules passing into carpels, _Dianthus_ ('Gard. Chron.') 268 148. Leafy shoot in place of ovule of _Gaillardia_ 270 149, 150. Leafy sepals, petals, &c., of _Epilobium_ 273 151. Leafy carpel of rose, with deformed ovules 274 152. Flower of St. Valery apple 282 153. Petaloid calyx of _Mimulus_ 284 154. Double stellate columbine 287 155. Four-winged filaments of Rhododendron 290 156. Diagram of malformed flower of _Catasetum_ 291 157. Petaloid stamen of _Viola_ 292 158. Double columbine 293 159. Petaloid stamens of _Hibiscus_ 293 160. Displaced coloured leaf, &c., of tulip 302 161. Supernumerary carpels in orange (Maout) 303 162. Pistilloid stamens of poppy 304 163. Pistilloid stamens of wallflower, &c. 306 164. Passage of stamen to carpel in lily 307 165. Transition of stamens to carpels, _Sempervivum tectorum_ 309 166. Ascidia of cabbage 312 167. Stalked pitcher on lettuce leaf 313 168. Tubular petal of _Primula sinensis_ 315 169. Spurs on flower of _Calceolaria_ 316 170. Contorted stem of _Juncus_ 317 171. Contorted branch of _Crataegus_ 317 172. Spirally-twisted stem of teazel 321 173. Spirally-twisted stem _Galium_ 323 174. Spirally-twisted root ('Gard. Chron.') 324 175. Interrupted growth of radish (American Agriculturist) 327 176. Interrupted growth in apple 327 177. Polymorphous leaves of lilac 331 178. Adventitious growth on frond of _Pteris quadriaurita_ 333 179, 180. Coloured flower-stalks of feather hyacinth (C. Morren) 347, 348 181. Multiplication of catkins, _Corylus_ 349 182. Branched inflorescence of broccoli ('Gard. Chron.') 351 183, 184. Supernumerary leaf of elm 353, 354 185. Supernumerary leaf of hazel 355 186. Multiplication of parts of flower in a plum ('Gard. Chron.') 366 187. Wheat-ear carnation 372 188. Multiplication of bracts in _Delphinium Consolida_ 373 189. Multiplication of bracts in _Pelargonium_ 373 190. Double white lily 376 191. Double flower of _Campanula rotundifolia_ 378 192. Diagram of usual arrangement of parts in _Orchis_ (Darwin) 381 193. Diagram of malformed flower of _Ophrys aranifera_ 385 194. Malformed flower of _Ophrys aranifera_ 385 195. Diagram of malformed flower of _Orchis mascula_ (Cramer) 386 196. Multiplication of carpels, Tulip 388 197. Section of St. Valery apple 388 198. Regular dimerous flower of _Calanthe vestita_ 402 199. Regular dimerous flower of _Odontoglossum Alexandrae_ 402 200. Hypertrophied branch of _Pelargonium_ 418 201. Tubers in the axils of leaves of the potato 420 202. Hypertrophied pedicels of ash 421 203, 204. Hypertrophy and elongation of flower-stalk, &c., in pears 422, 423 205. Hypertrophied perianth, _Cocos nucifera_ 428 206. Elongation of flower-stalk, _Ranunculus acris_ 436 207. Linear leaf-lobes of parsley 438 208. Passage of pinnate to palmate leaves in horse-chestnut 439 209. Elongation of thalamus, apostasis, &c., in flower of _Delphinium_ (Cramer) 441 210. Adventitious growths from cabbage leaf 445 211. Crested fronds of _Nephrodium molle_ 447 212. Supernumerary petals, &c., _Datura fastuosa_ 450 213. Supernumerary petaloid segments in flower of _Gloxinia_ 451 214. Catacorolla of _Gloxinia_ (E. Morren) 452 215. Atrophied leaves of cabbage 460 216. Abortion of petals, pansy 461 217. Flower of _Oncidium abortivum_ 462 218. Bladder plum 464