Chapter XVIII: Ammunition (2)

Couvrelles-Ciry-Nampteuil-sous-Muret area, British troops in, 196.

Cracow, anticipated fall of, 194;
Russian tactics concerning, 230.

Craonne, French forces near, 152;
loss of, 157.

Crawford, and the Light Division, 215.

Cressy, Allenby's H.Q. at, 87.

Crouy and Crouy Ridge, Allied forces at, 152.

Cuiry-Housse-Oulchy-le-Chateau area, 2nd Corps directed to assemble
in, 193.

Cuisy-Iverny-Neufmontiers-Meaux, French advance by, across the
Marne, 115.

Cunard, Lady, 2.

Cunliffe-Owen, Colonel, G.O.C. 2nd Infantry Brigade (_temp._),
18.

Cuthbert, Brigadier-General G. J., G.O.C. 13th Infantry Brigade, 22.

Cyclist Companies attached to Divisional Cavalry and R.E.,
1st, 18;
2nd, 20;
3rd, 21;
4th, 26;
5th, 23;
6th, 28;
7th, 29.

Dagny, Cavalry action near, 119.

D'Amade, General, troops under, 61;
help given by, to 2nd Brigade at Le Cateau, 78, 80;
attack by, on the Germans about Peronne, 87.

Dammartin, G.H.Q. moved to, 95, 100, 101, 104.

Dardanelles Expedition, repercussion of, on the W. front, 316, 318,
343, 356;
the climax and its results, 357 _sqq._

Davies, Brigadier-General R. H., G.O.C. 6th Infantry Brigade, 19.

Davies, Brigadier-General, G.O.C. 8th Infantry Brigade, 66.

Dawnay, Major Hugh, 2nd Life Guards, services and death in action,
84, 273-4;
on the 1st Corps' doings (Oct. 24), 235.

Defence, strengthened by Modern Weapons, 12, 144.

Delays, danger of, 7.

de la Panouse, Vicomte, and British support of France, 3.

de Lisle, Brigadier-General (later, Major-General) H. de B.,
G.O.C. 2nd Cavalry Brigade, 24;
later G.O.C. 1st Cavalry Division, 24, 65;
_role_ assigned to, 200, 202-3;
and finely executed by, 204-5;
at Messines, 247;
high praise due to, 261;
in the Battle of Ypres, 280.

Denain, Scheldt crossing at, 50.

Denmark, Neutrality of, and Vulnerability of Sea-communications, 315.

Derby, Earl of, on Kitchener's love for Broome, 333.

Devonshire Regiment, 1st Batt., 21, 22, 27, 327.

Dhuisy, British troops directed to, to ease pressure on 8th French
Division, 134.

Dhuizel, 146;
1st Corps H.Q. at, 152.

Dieppe, German opportunity at, lost, 214, 215-16.

Dinant, French forces at (Aug. 18), 41.

Dinant-Trelon line, 5th French Army on, 58, 59.

Dispatches, difficulty of writing, 80.

Divided Command and Divided Counsels, evils of, 99 _sqq._;
177 _sqq._, 222, 319;
Poincare's views on, 198-9;
French's efforts to minimise, 232-3;
a concrete instance (Dec. 18), 325.

Divisional Cavalry:
1st Division, 18;
2nd, 20;
3rd, 21;
4th, 26;
5th, 23;
6th, 28, 203;
7th, 29.

Divisions, British (_see also_ Cavalry Division), Commanders
and Composition of, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28;
Regular Forces,
1st, 16, 17, 252;
in the Retreat from Mons, 66, 106;
in the Battles of the Marne, 125, 126, 129;
and of the Aisne (at Vendresse), 151;
in the Battle of Ypres, 223, 232;
at Gheluvelt, 241-2, 250, 253-4, 265;
at Messines, 260, 265;
moved into reserve, 284;
2nd, 16, 19;
in the Retreat from Mons, 66, 81, 106;
in the Battle of the Marne, 119, 127;
at the Petit Morin, 128;
in the Battle of the Aisne, 151;
in the Battle of Ypres, 223, 235, 251, 253-4, 265;
Territorials incorporated with, 297;
3rd, 16, 20;
in the Retreat from Mons, 60, 62, 71;
at Solesmes, 73, 75;
in the Battle of the Marne, at Nanteuil, 133, 160, 193;
in the Battle of the Aisne, at Aizy, 151;
and Vuilly, 152;
position on Oct. 2, 195;
Commander killed, 211;
in the Battle of Ypres, at Messines, 247;
and after, 323;
4th, 16, 25, 68, 72, 105;
at Le Cateau, 77, 210;
and after, 85;
bridging feat, of, in the Marne Battle, 134;
in the Battle of the Aisne, 145, 152, 161;
moving North, 205;
at Bailleul, 207;
in the Battle of Ypres, Le Gheer retaken by, 233;
at Messines, fine work of, 245;
5th, 16, 22;
in the Retreat from Mons, 62, 71, 76;
heavy pressure on, 66, 70;
in the Battle of the Marne, 133, 134;
in the Battle of the Aisne and after, 150-2, 195, 196;
heavy fighting by, 210;
in the Battle of Ypres, at La Bassee, 221;
in the December operations, 323;
6th, 16, 27, 94, 150, 203;
in the Marne Battle, 153, 160;
in the Battle of Ypres, 205;
Bailleul and Meteren taken by, 207;
success of, at Armentieres, 241;
constant fighting of, 275;
7th, 16, 28, 165, 167, 169, 173;
not under French, 177, 178, 179;
detailed for relief of Antwerp, 180-1;
French's reiteration of request for, 188;
placed under French's orders, 192, 208;
orders to, 208;
in the Battle of Ypres, 224, 239, 251, 253-4, 256, 327;
defence by, of the Ypres salient, 239;
at Gheluvelt, 241-2;
heavily shelled, 251;
heavy losses, 260, 265;
8th, 165, 167, 169, 171, 173, 201, 239;
in the Battle of Ypres, 327;
12th, at the Battle of Loos, O.C. killed, 150;
27th, 239, 305;
28th, 310;
Territorial:
46th (North Midland), 300;
47th (London), 300;
48th (South Midland), 300;
49th (West Riding), 300;
50th (Northumbrian), 300;
51st (Highland), 300.

Dixmude, French Naval Division at, 208;
German forces between it and Nieuport, 240;
taken by them, 278;
and held, 283;
possibility of clearing line to, 304;
Belgian forces active near, 337.

Domptin, reached by 1st Army Corps, 133.

Doran, Brigadier-General B. J. C., G.O.C. 8th Infantry Brigade, 21.

Doran, Brigadier-General W. R. B., G.O.C. 17th Infantry Brigade, 28.

Dorset Regiment, 1st Batt., 23.

Douai-St. Quentin Railway, junction of, at Cambrai, 54.

Doue, H.Q. of Smith-Dorrien, 128;
German evacuation of, 131.

Douglas, General Sir Charles, G.C.B., at the Council of
War of Aug. 5, 1914, 3.

Doullens, H.Q. of Foch at, French's visit to and conference at,
199-200.

Douve River, 324;
Valley of, German attack in, 245;
and continuous activity in, later, 275.

Dover, War time aspect of, 31, 34;
Straits of, and the Command of the Channel Ports, 155-7.

Dragoon Guards:
1st (King's), 29, 250;
2nd (Queen's Bays), 24, 146;
3rd, 29, 250;
4th (Royal Irish), 24, 65, 73, 184;
at Messines, 245;
5th (Pss. Charlotte of Wales), 24, 76;
at Messines, 245;
6th (Carabiniers), 24;
at Messines, 247.

Dragoons:
1st (Royals), 29, 250;
at Hollebeke, 243;
2nd (Scots Greys), 25, 47;
after the crossing of the Marne, 130.

Dranoutre-Messines area, reached by 1st Cavalry Division, 205.

Drummond, Brigadier-General L. G., G.O.C. 19th Infantry Brigade, 23;
at Valenciennes, placed under orders of Allenby, 61, 65.

Du Cane, Colonel (_temp._ Brigadier-General) J. P.,
C.B., Chief of Staff, 3rd Corps, 323.

Duff, Lieut.-Colonel Grant, C.B., and his men, in the Battle
of the Marne, 126.

Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry, 1st Batt., 22.

Dunkirk, 169, 179, 183, 188, 228, 243;
importance of and risks to, 155, 176, 214, 304.

Dunkirk-Cambrai-La Capelle-Hirson line, French Reserves on, 21, 41,
47-8, 73.

Durham, Earl of, demand by, at French's request, for more Munitions,
355.

Durham Light Infantry, 2nd Batt., 28.

Dyle, the Belgian retreat on (Aug. 18), 46.

Eastern War Front, British official fears concerning (Dec. 27),
laid before Joffre, and his views on the matter, 340-1.

East Prussia, Russian operations in, 194, 229, 268.

Ecaillon stream, affluent of the Scheldt, 50.

Edward, Prince of Wales, arrival of, in France, 287.

Egerton, ----, of Egerton's Brigade, 261.

Egyptian Campaign of 1882, volunteers in, 292.

Eighteenth (British) Corps, 186.

Eleventh (British) Corps, 169.

England, Immunity of, during the War, 330-1;
Invasion of, possibilities of, 155-6.

_Entente_ Powers, British Cabinet's loyalty to, 3.

Epernay, Forest near, French attempt to turn, 143.

Epernay-Rheims, French movement towards, 143.

Ereclin, the, and other affluents of the Scheldt, 50.

Esperey, General Franchet d', _see_ Franchet d'Esperey.

Essex Regiment, 2nd Batt., 26.

Estaires, Germans driven back near, 204;
Lahore Division sent to, 234.

Estaires to Menin, cavalry reconnaissance in strength along the
Lys from, directed for Oct. 15, 205.

Etreux, Munster Fusiliers cut up at, 17.

European War, French's anticipations of, 1, 2.

Falloden, Viscount Grey of, _see_ Grey, Rt. Hon. Sir Edward.

Fanshawe, Brigadier-General, G.O.C. 6th Infantry Brigade, 19.

Faujus, Cavalry action at, 120-1.

Fere-en-Tardenois, French's H.Q. moved to, 145;
visit at, from President Poincare, 198-9.

Fergusson, Major-General Sir Charles, G.O.C. 5th Division, 22;
hard pressed (Aug. 24), 65;
and the Aisne crossing at Missy, 149, 150.

Ferozepore Brigade, _see under_ Indian troops.

Festubert, Battle of (1915), 344;
British artillery supplies for, 356;
drastic measures taken by French after, on the Munition question,
357;
Indian troops engaged at, 327, 328.

Field Guns (_see also_ Guns), actually on the Offensive,
number of rounds fired per gun per day, 358.

Finance Department's opposition to provision of Munitions, 348.

Fifth Corps, part of 2nd Army under Smith-Dorrien, 337.

First Army Corps (1st B.E.F.), Commander, and composition, 16, 17-20;
during the Mons Battle, and the Retreat, 60, 64, 65, 66, 93, 110;
the fight at Landrecies, 74-5, 77-8;
gap between and the 2nd Corps (Aug. 26), 74-5, 81;
French assistance to, 81-2;
the retreat resumed, 82;
fatigued but ready, 100;
retirement of, engagements during, 110, 116;
on the Marne, 122, 125, 132, 137;
at Chilly and Jouy-sur-Morin (Sept. 8), 123;
roads and supply railheads for (Sept. 9), 132;
crossing the Marne, 133;
appearance and attitude of, 135-6;
fatigue of;
French's talk to, 136;
positions of, before and during the Battle of the Aisne, 146;
in the Battle of the Aisne, 150-1;
points at which Aisne crossing was effected by (Sept. 14), 151;
successful operation of, 151;
positions of (Sept. 14), 152;
reinforcement sent to, and plan for, 153;
counter-attack repulsed with heavy losses, 153;
heavy attack on, repulsed (Sept. 17), 157;
reinforcements sent to (Sept. 18), 158;
losses, 159;
heavy fighting, 159-61;
disposition of, in the move N., 171;
relief of, French's efforts to effect, 185-6;
relief of, Notes on, of the Allied Chiefs, 185 _sqq._, 191;
movements ordered (Oct. 1), 193;
position of (Oct. 2), 195;
relief of, delay in, Joffre's assurance as to (Oct. 10), 201-2;
final repulse by, of the Germans on the Aisne (Oct. 11), 211;
arrival of last detachment of, at St. Omer, 211;
French's intended use of, against Bruges and Roulers, 219, 226;
sent N., 228;
actions by and positions of, in the 1st Battle of Ypres, 232, 235,
242;
defence of the Ypres salient, 239; _sqq. passim_;
actions by, _sqq._;
action, 1st Defence of Ypres salient, 239;
report from (Oct. 30), 243;
French effective support for, promised by Foch (Oct. 31), 243;
Orders to (Oct. 30), 244-5;
position serious (Oct. 31), 249;
the retirement, 252;
the rally, 253;
H.Q. guard, 248;
line broken, 251;
line re-established (Oct. 31), 255-6;
heavily attacked (Nov. 1), 259, 260;
rest essential for, 264, 265;
heavily engaged (Nov. 11), the line pierced, with heavy losses
and re-established, 278-9;
help given by, to Vidal, 279;
part played by, in the 1st Battle of Ypres, 283;
parallels to, 285;
losses sustained, 285-6;
Reserve, Territorials in, 297;
relief sent by, to the Indian Corps (Dec. 20), 328;
as part of the 1st Army under Haig (Dec. 25), 337.

"First Seven Divisions, The," at the Battle of Ypres, 237-8.

FitzClarence, Brigadier-General, V.C., G.O.C. 1st Infantry
Brigade, 17;
the situation at Gheluvelt saved by, 254-5;
killed in action, 17, 255, 280.

FitzGerald, Lieut.-Colonel Brinsley, French's Secretary, 34, 255,
357, 360.

Fitzgerald, Sir Maurice, 31.

Flag of Truce, practically unknown in the Great War, 339.

Flanking Movement, de Castelnau's efforts to effect,
_see_ Castelnau;
planned by French, 13, 157 _sqq._ _passim_, 197,
235-6, 301;
Foch's view on, 199;
_see also_ Aisne Front, withdrawal from.

Foch, General (now Marshal), 13, 321;
Appearance, 197-8;
Characteristics:
Military genius, 197-8;
optimism, 199, 223, 242-3, 274;
spirit of, and audacious strategy of, 198, 274;
Effort of, to turn the German flank, 13, 145, 199;
French's friendship with, and tribute to, 197-8;
relations with French, conferences, plans, &c. concerted
together (in order of date), 199-200, 203, 216, 218, 220,
224, 235, 255, 260, 274;
on inundation (Oct. 29), 242-3;
promise of support by, 221, 226, 245, 260, 281;
no reserves to spare, 265;
but help given to 1st Corps, 283-4;
Representing the French Army at Lord Roberts's funeral service
in France, 282;
On the enemy attack on his line between Ypres and the sea, support
asked and given, 278;
On the Operations of Dec. 16-17, 324-5;
On the "Russian bluff," 337.

Fontaine Fauvel, high ground about, reached by Allenby, 133.

Fontaine-Ors road, 52.

Fontenelle, Sambre source near, 50.

Foret de Crecy, 117.

Foret de Mormal, roads and railways traversing, 52;
enemy advance through, 75, 81.

Foret de Nieppe, cleared by British cavalry, 203.

Foret de St. Gobain, 143.

"Formidable," H.M.S., sunk by submarine in Channel, 311.

"Fosse Position," 10th French Corps at, 57.

Fosse-Charleroi-Thuin line, French forces on, 58.

Fourth Corps, British Army, Commander and composition of, 201;
in the march north, 203;
covering Belgian retreat, 208;
directed eastward, danger to left of, 219, 221, 224; 220, 223,
226, 227;
in the Battle of Ypres, 232, 327;
temporarily broken up, 239;
part of 1st Army under Haig, 337.

Fowke, Brigadier-General, O.C. Royal Engineers, 6.

France and Belgium, the line in (Oct. 14-June 15), held, thanks to
the Territorials, 294;
British Expeditionary Force for (_q.v._), Command of, 2, 8;
Victory of, share in, of the Women and Children, 36.

Franchet d'Esperey, General, G.O.C. 5th Army, _vice_ Lanrezac
superseded (Sept. 4), 107;
at the Marne, 115, 123, 125.

Francis Ferdinand, Archduke, murder of, 1.

Franco-Belgian frontier, _terrain_ near, 49.

Franco-British consultations in Aug. 1914, 6, 9;
Military relations during 1914, 108, 112 _passim_;
Understanding as to Co-operation in event of German attack on
France, 5, 6, 9.

Franco-German war of 1870, fame in, of the Brandenburg Corps, 285.

Franiere, German advance near, 57.

Frederick Charles of Prussia, Prince, and the Brandenburg Corps, 285.

Frederick the Great, German military following of, 346.

French, Field Marshal Sir J. P., G.C.B., &c. (now Viscount
French of Ypres), and the Great War;
Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force, Aug. 1914,
2, 3, 8, 17;
the command "entirely independent," 15 (_cf._ 94 _sqq._,
177, and 329-30,
_see also_ Ammunition, Channel Ports, Move Northward,
Offensive);
anticipation by, of European War, 1, 8;
the first idea received of the coming in 1914, 2;
the violation of Belgian neutrality expected, 10-11;
at the Council of War of Aug. 5, 1914, 3;
views of, on landing of B.E.F., 6-7;
advance studies of, on problems of a B.E.F., 8-9;
all plans concentrated on a war of movement and manoeuvre, 11;
at German manoeuvres of 1911, and the Kaiser's remarks on his
forces, 9-10;
instructions to, before leaving for France, 13-5, 94;
arrival in France, official visits, 33;
first meeting with Joffre and his staff, 34 _sqq._;
visits of, to Corps Commanders, &c., and conferences with them,
40, 43, 47, 60, 62, 130, 154, 159, 202, 209, 210, 219, 243-4,
246, 249, 255, 337 _et alibi_;
visit of, to Lanrezac, 56;
and message sent to, later, 57;
interviews with Commander of French Reserve Divisions, 37;
letter to Kitchener on French dispositions W. of the Meuse,
request in, for Plumer to succeed Grierson, 38-40;
appreciation of the situation on Aug. 18, 40-2;
observations on the physique of the British troops, 42;
invitation to Louvain from the King of the Belgians, 42-3;
message from Belgian Government on evacuating Brussels, 45-6;
no idea of retreat then entertained by, 47;
visit to Lanrezac's G.H.Q., and the beginning of his retreat, 56-7;
Lanrezac's request to, 58;
and the reply, 59;
anxiety for the Mons salient, 61;
meeting with Sordet, 67-8;
the temptation of Maubeuge, 70;
orders issued for the retreat to continue, 71;
the vital problem before, as to a stand on Aug. 25, 73;
retreat decided on, 74;
account of the fighting at Landrecies sent by, to Kitchener, 75;
Dispatch by, on the Battle of Le Cateau, 79-80;
interviews with Joffre and with Lanrezac, 81, 82-3, 85-6;
Joffre's, telegram to, of appreciation of the services of the
British Army, 85;
possible stand on the Oise considered by, and personal
reconnaissance by, of the _terrain_, 85;
roadside talks with the British troops, 88-9;
idea of, for a stand between the Marne and the Seine, 92;
conference of, with Joffre, inability to make a stand insisted on,
92;
and reiterated, 93;
opinion of, on von Kluck's movement, 106;
pressure put upon to change his plans successfully resisted, 92,
93 _sqq._, 111-12;
independence of action, necessity for, felt and urged by, in
letter to Lord Kitchener, 94;
interview in Paris with Kitchener, 95 _sqq._;
results, 95-8;
letters to, from Joffre on French's proposed disposition of
forces, 96-7, 97-8;
and the reply, 98;
letter to, from Gallieni (Sept. 2), on co-operation of the
British, in the defence of Paris, and the reply (Sept. 3), 102-4;
Joffre's plans communicated to, 107;
and conference with him at Melun, 110, 114 _sqq._;
object of, in writing this record, 111, 114 _sqq._;
basis of orders issued by, on the Battle of the Marne, 114, 116-17,
122-3;
view of, on the enemy situation and intentions before the Battle
of the Marne, 116-17;
visits by, to the British Corps, 118-19, 122;
problem before, on Sept. 7-8, 123-5;
memorandum issued by, on lessons of the Marne Battle, 129 _sqq._;
the Marne crossed by, and a talk with the 5th Cavalry Brigade,
135-6;
despatch of, on the Battle of the Marne, 137;
estimate by, of the British contribution to the success of the
Battle of the Marne, 140-1;
optimism of, after the Battle of the Marne, 142 _sqq._;
further conferences with Joffre, 143;
principle of modern warfare brought home to, 145;
observations by, 145, 148, 149, 159-60, 161, 206-7, 222, 237, 243,
323 _et alibi_;
appreciation by, of the situation on Sept. 14-15, 153;
reviving hopes of enemy retreat, 153;
modified on Sept. 16, 154, 155;
grave anxiety beginning to possess, as to the safety of the
Channel ports (_q.v._), 155-7, 176;
the move N. from the Aisne for their defence with naval
co-operation first conceived, 157, 162, 164;
letter to, from Maunoury, on his intended advance, and asking for
British support, 161-2;
official correspondence of, on heavy artillery (_q.v._), and
Munitions (_q.v._) begun, 163;
visit to, of Winston Churchill (Sept.), 163-4;
plans for co-operation with the Navy discussed, 164;
letters exchanged by, with Joffre, on the move N. of the British
forces, 164 _sqq._;
hampered by the smallness of his army, 165;
difficulties of, due to the siege and fall of Antwerp, 175 _sqq._;
exchange of messages on, between French and Kitchener, 179 _sqq._;
strongly averse to sending troops inside Antwerp, 180;
steps taken by, to keep in touch with events at Antwerp, 184-5;
efforts of, to expedite the British move N., urgent note from, to
Joffre, and the reply, 185 _sqq._;
conclusions of, on the German situation on Oct. 1, hopes of, and
orders issued by, 193-4;
basis of, 194;
visit to, from President Poincare, 198;
visits by, to de Castelnau, and to Foch, plans detailed to, and
concerted with the latter, 199-200;
instructions given by, to Allenby, 200-1, 202, 205;
and to Rawlinson, 201;
plans arranged by, with Foch, 203, 216, 218, 220;
and direction based thereon given to Corps Commanders, 219;
these plans modified by reports and observations, 218, 220, 222,
223 _sqq._;
apprehension of, as to offensive advance conveyed to Foch, and his
reply, 220-1;
all hope of an offensive abandoned (Oct. 21), 228;
reinforcements obtainable, 228;
visit of, to Pulteney at Hazebrouck, the fighting witnessed there,
205-7;
mistaken anticipations before the 1st Battle of Ypres, basis of,
216, 223,
the one reservation, 216-17;
grave decision taken by, on Oct. 19, workings of his mind, and
manner in which the problem presented itself, 223 _sqq._;
conclusions arrived at, a balance of certain against uncertain
disaster, 225;
action taken on decision, 225 _sqq._;
instructions given by, to Haig on Oct. 19, 225-6;
reserves lacking to, 225;
hopes of, in Oct., 1914, 231;
basis of, 229, 231 _sqq._;
efforts of, to minimise the evils of divided command, 232-3;
estimate held by, of British operations during the second phase
of the 1st Battle of Ypres, 237;
anxiety of, concerning the 2nd Corps, 240, 241;
apprehension of, on supply of Ammunition, 241;
visit to, of Foch, promising effective support to 1st Corps, 245;
blow to, of the falling back of the 1st Corps, 252-3;
the dramatic climax, 253 _sqq._;
message sent by, to the O.C. London Scottish on their work of
Oct. 31-Nov. 1, 263;
their aspect on parade noted by, 264;
hopes of, still constantly disappointed, 270-1;
consultations of, with Foch on the need of relieving the 1st
Corps, 283-4;
the infection of his hopefulness, 274;
news of the great enemy attack received during, 277-8;
view of, on the true position for the British Army, 302,
(_see also_ 154 _sqq._ _and_ Channel Ports);
visit to, while on the Aisne, from Winston Churchill (then at
the Admiralty), agreement with on Naval co-operation, 302-3
_sqq._;
letters to, from Churchill on the same subject, 303-5;
replies by, to memoranda from Kitchener on the Zeebrugge scheme,
311-13;
and to that of the War Council on possible different theatres
of war, 315-17;
visit to, from Admiral Hood (Dec. 13), on Naval co-operation in
the advance from Nieuport, 321;
ordered home for consultation with the Cabinet, 329;
the meeting at Walmer Castle, 329;
discussions with Kitchener on the situation;
insistence by French on his personal responsibility for all
blame, 329-30;
sympathy shown to, by Asquith, 332;
feelings of, for Kitchener as soldier and as politician, their
differences, a last and happy memory of a former chief, 333;
continued discussion with the War Cabinet, 334;
its alarmist views not shared by, 336;
nor by Foch, 337;
decision of, to form Armies, communicated to designated
Commanders, 337;
the Christmas fraternisation stopped by, 338;
interview of, with Joffre by desire of the War Cabinet, 335, 336,
340;
on future plans, as to coastal advance, with Naval co-operation,
342;
plan of, to work the N. section with the Belgian and British
Armies, 343;
why it failed, 343, 345;
state of mind of, at close of 1914;
the results of the year justifying, 345;
experiments conducted by, in the field, on new weapons for trench
warfare, 354-5;
constant efforts of, to secure adequate supplies of Munitions of
War and considered action by, of May 1915, with full knowledge
of all entailed thereby, 347 _sqq._;
earlier urgency, when chief of I.G.S., on the Munitions question;
financial opposition met by, 348;
visits to, of Members of both Houses of Parliament on whom the
need of Guns and Munitions was urged, 355;
interviews given by, to the Press, on the question of
Munitions, 355;
ordered to surrender part of his Munition reserves for the
Dardanelles, 357;
Secretary and A.D.C. sent by, to lay proofs of the urgent need
of Munitions before Lloyd George, as well as before Balfour
and Bonar Law, 357;
text of the Memorandum sent at the same time, 357 _sqq._;
the results, 360-1;
unprecedented action taken by, on the Munition question
(May 9, 1915), and the results, 357 _sqq._;
Offices held by, at various times,
Chief of Imperial General Staff, 1, 2;
I.G. of Forces, 8, 296;
I.Y., experiences as, fully borne out in the War, 295;
On his alleged call on Maunoury for assistance on Sept. 8, 135;
On the effect on the campaign of the shortage of Ammunition
(_q.v._), 350-1;
on his lack of reserves, 265;
on the lesson learnt from the failure at the Lys River, 145;
On his position as C.-in-C. in France, 94, 99-100, 329-30;
On the possibility of "bending" but not of "breaking" the enemy's
trench line, 145;
Orders of the Day, issued by, _see under_ British
Expeditionary Force;
Submarine construction in sections suggested by (May 1914), 214.

French,
Armies or Corps, _see also_ Allied Forces, Names of
Commanders, _and_ French Forces _infra_,
Artillery, prevision and provision, 352-3;
the 75's, 341;
activity along the Ourcq (Sept.), 106;
Cavalry Divisions, 182;
French's request concerning, on Aug. 16, 35;
dispositions of, 38 _sqq._;
operations of, in Belgium, 44;
Staff of, characteristics of, 67;
in the Marne Battle, 113 _sqq._, 126 _sqq._,
131 _sqq._;
Bridoux's, operations assigned to, on Sept. 10, 143;
raid by, and death of commander, 157-8;
Conneau's, in the Battle of Ypres, 204, 227, 231, 278;
Maunoury's (1st Corps), dispositions for and during the Marne
Battle, 115, 125, 146;
de Mitry's, success of, on Oct. 11, 204;
pushed back (Oct. 19), 227;
positions and movements in the 1st Battle of Ypres, 232
_sqq._;
Sordet's, co-operation of (Aug. 26-7), 84;
Chasseurs, 281;
Infantry,
1st, at Dinant, 41;
2nd, Progress of, up to end of September, 162;
and in Dec., 325;
3rd, Line of (Aug. 18-21), 41, 47;
defeat and retreat of, 70;
German artillery captured by, 145;
4th, Line of, on Aug. 21, 47;
disposition of, on and after Aug. 30, 93, 116, 133-4;
progress of, 146;
5th, Dispositions of, Aug. 16, and after, 35-7, 39;
advance by, intended, 47;
fighting by, 57 _sqq._, 60;
retirement begun, 64;
and continued, 68, 70, 72, 81;
effect on 1st Division, 81-2;
Joffre's promise as to, 86;
the retreat still continued, 88;
brilliant success of, at Guise, 91;
gap between and the 6th Army, filled by French at Joffre's
request, 92-3;
but widened by the further retreat, 95;
situation saved by British cavalry, 94;
position of, on Sept. 2, Joffre on, 96-7;
retreat continued, 104-5;
fighting on the Marne, 106;
dispositions of, on Sept. 4-5, 107, 109-10;
its new commander, 107;
Joffre's intention for it to advance, 115;
fighting on the Marne, 121-3;
British connection to be maintained with, 124-5;
position of, Sept. 9, 131;
across the Marne, 137-8;
value to, of British co-operation, 141;
in the Aisne Battle, 143, 146;
6th, Formation of, 86;
and Commander, 89;
quality of, and glory won by, in the Marne Battle, 88;
enemy unaware of, 90;
and consequent miscalculations, 105;
objective of, on Aug. 30, 93;
dispositions of, and support of, to British forces, Joffre
on, 96;
retreat of, on Paris, 104;
Joffre's plans for, for Sept. 6, 107, 109, 114-15;
in the Battle of the Marne, German forces opposing, 121, 123;
French's efforts to help, 124;
success of, 129, 135, 141;
position assigned to (Sept. 10), 143;
heavily engaged (Sept. 12) on the Aisne, 145-6, 152;
attack by, on Nouvron, 154;
efforts by, to turn German flank, 154, 158-9, 162;
defensive line assigned to, on Sept. 18, and Army placed
under de Castelnau, 158;
blow struck by changing line of battle, 159;
Northward operation of, 160, 162;
with other forces placed under Foch, 197;
7th, 89;
8th, 116;
British aid given to, 133-4;
9th, Position assigned to, before the Marne Battle, 116;
10th Corps to secure connection between, and the 5th, 143;
entrenched at Ypres, 233;
in the Battle of Ypres, 284;
defenders of the salient, 239;
at Zonnebeke, 242, 255, 260;
Joffre's need of, 345;
10th, Action, losses and position of, in August, 41, 57, 58;
position assigned to, on Sept. 10, 143;
forming part of the "group" under Foch, 197;
forced back, 202;
positions of, in 1st Battle of Ypres, 241;
13th, checked at Noyon, 134;
16th, in the Battle of Ypres, 259;
co-operation of, on Oct. 31-Nov. 1, 260, 261, 264;
and later, 323, 324;
an instance of divided command (Dec. 18), 325;
20th, 345;
21st, 128, 324;
32nd, attack by, and successes of, Klein Zillebeke-Zillebeke
line, 322;
61st, at Nouvron, 154;
62nd, at Nouvron, 154;
Naval, at Dixmude and Nieuport, 202, 208, 221, 232, 278;
New, formed, objective of (Sept. 30), 162;
Northern, d'Urbal in command of, 234;
reinforced, 235;
advance of, delayed by enemy machine guns, results as to the
British forces engaged, 322 _sqq._;
Reserves, 35, 39, 44, 72, 81;
6th and 7th, 39, 47-8, 57, 81-2;
Territorials for Dunkirk, asked for by Kitchener, 179-80;
and sent by Joffre, 188;
strength of, 181;
moved to Ypres, 208;
on the Yser, 221.

French Army:
Actions of (1915), important but indecisive, 343;
and British, in Aug. 1914, relative positions of, 35;
Compared with German Army up to 1914, 140;
Good British relations with, how established, 108;
General order issued to, by de Maud'huy on the death of Lord
Roberts, 282-3.

French Decorations sent to British Troops (Sept. 3), 99.

French Forces, _see also_ French Armies or Corps, French Army,
_and_ French Divisions;
disposition of, on Aug. 17 and after, 38-9, 41, 47-8;
early successes, 55;
losses, 58;
in the retreat from Mons, 72, 73, 92, 93;
Joffre's instructions to, 97, 98;
of Sept. 10, 142-3;
changes of Commanders in, and spirit animating, 113;
positions in the Aisne Battle, 152;
operating in the Northern area, under Foch's general control
(Oct. 3), 197, 201;
relief by, of 2nd Corps, 211;
support by, in the N. sought by French, 221;
and given, 245, 246, 250, 258-9;
on the Yser, and elsewhere, 224;
landing at Dunkirk, 243;
at Arras, progress hampered by weather, 337;
Moroccan troops in a crater-hole, 161;
Zouaves, 260;
Fortresses of the second class, object of, 52;
General Staff, British consultations with before, and on outbreak
of, war, 5, 6, 9;
efforts of, to provide heavy artillery, 352;
impressions of, 40;
attitude of, to proposed British combined Coastal operations
(Dec.), 305;
plans of, for meeting a possible W. offensive by the enemy, 341;
Military Mission on eve of war, consultation (Aug. 10), 6;
Misgivings as to British military support, 3;
Nation, attitude of, in August, 1914, 3, 33, 34;
Railways, strain of, in relation to the move N. of the British
Army, 104, 166, 167, 171, 172, 173, 187;
Relations with Austria broken off, 2;
"75" gun newest ammunition for, wonderful results with, Joffre
on, 341;
Supplies of Munitions for Russia, Joffre on, 341-2;
Territory, German violation of, 2;
Women, agricultural services of, 36.

Frezenberg-Westhoek-Klein-Zillebeke line, importance of, 251.

Fromelles, _terrain_ near, 209.

Frost bite of the Feet, a misnomer, 288.

Galicia, Russian operations in, 194, 230, 337;
influence of, on the Western Campaign, 301.

Gallieni, General, Military Governor of Paris, 33;
letter from, to French, on co-operation of Allied Forces in
defence of Paris, and the reply, 102-4;
visit of, to Melun with Joffre's plans, 107.

Gallipoli Campaign, French's view on, 316.

Garatin, Allenby's cavalry at, 109.

Garde Dragoner (German) and the Moncel fight, 119.

Garhwal Brigade, _see under_ Indian Corps.

Gastins, Allied advance to, 115, 119.

Gembloux, German cavalry repulsed from (Aug. 18), 41.

George V., Message from, to the British Expeditionary Force, and
the reply (Nov. 9), 275;
an audience with (Dec.), 336.

George, Rt. Hon. David Lloyd, a tribute to, 163;
French's proofs of his dangerous lack of Ammunition laid
before (May 9, 1915), 356;
and the result, 360-1.

German advance, preliminary operations 2, 7;
anticipations on, 11, 42;
line of 43;
and aims of, 44;
continuance of, 46-7;
the Meuse crossed, 72;
further direction of, 77, 80-1;
last days of, 109;
Aerial observation apparently faulty at Abbeville, 200;
Army, _see also_ German Artillery, Cavalry, First Army
Higher Command, Offensive, &c.,
Grierson's knowledge, of 37;
Positions, operations, forces employed (in sequence), 40-1;
crushing superiority of, at Mons, 43, 46, 57;
turning movement, 57, 58, 65, 70, 73, 75, 78;
investment of Paris aimed at by, 89, 90-1;
troops sent to Eastern frontier (Aug.), 92;
drawing on of, urged by French, 92;
French plans for, 103;
offensive abandoned by von Kluck, 114, 116, 121, 122;
risky situation of, 115; 116;
at the Battle of the Marne, 118 _sqq._, 131, 137;
retreat of, from the Marne, summary on, 138-9;
advantages held by, when defeated on the Marne, 139-40;
effect on, of the sortie from Antwerp, 144;
French efforts to turn right flank of, 145, 189;
in the Aisne Battle, 145, 149 _sqq._;
ideas entertained as to movements of, 152-3, 161, 193;
capture by, of Antwerp, possibilities opened up by, but
missed, 176;
line held by, and strength of, on Oct. 6, 182, 186;
forces gathering near Lille, 198;
surprised by British cavalry and 3rd Corps, 200;
de Maud'huy forced back by, 202;
divisions moving on Alost-Termonde-Lokeren, 203;
forces opposing at Bailleul, 207;
westward concentration of, from Antwerp, 208-9;
detachments at Bruges and Roulers, 219;
outposts of, 4th Division in touch with, 220;
increasing strength, and its effects, 222, 224, 226, 227-8;
forces engaged, and actual positions of, on night of Oct. 21,
231-2;
later positions, 232 _sqq. passim_;
attacks by, in massed formation, 235;
losses during 1st Battle of Ypres, 232-3, 235, 241, 242, 279;
continual reinforcements of, during the 1st Battle of Ypres,
238, 240, 243;
onslaught of (Oct. 31-Nov. 1), glorious resistance of Allied
forces, and points of major importance, 238-9, 260;
at Gheluvelt, 250;
enormous superiority of, in numbers and artillery
(Oct. 31-Nov. 1), 260;
and before, 267;
failure to turn the situation to full account, 260-1;
forces opposing Cavalry Corps at Messines (Oct. 31-Nov. 1),
262;
pressure on W. Front increasing, 270;
forces employed in the great attack on the Ypres salient
(Nov. 11-12), 277, 278;
reduced to War of Position on its whole W. Front, 345;
Advance to the sea checked by the first phase of the 1st Battle
of Ypres, 235-6;
First use of poisoned gas by, 356;
_Morale_ of, effect on, of the W. fighting, 268;
Results to, of successive phases of the 1st Battle of Ypres
summarised, 277;
Right flank of (_see also_ Flanking Movement), efforts to
turn first phase of the 1st Battle of Ypres, the conclusion
of (Oct. 26), 235-6;
Tied down on the W. to a line of trenches;
French on, to his troops, 268;
Artillery, 45, 66, 78, 101, 119, 123, 126-7, 131, 133, 145-6,
152-3, 240;
Rheims Cathedral destroyed by, 159;
3rd French Army's capture of (Sept. 11), 145;
Heavy, 144, 222, 240, 348;
development of, 352;
range of, 215;
8-in. howitzers 144, 198, 212, 348;
Machine guns of, 124, 321-2, 324 _passim, et alibi_;
Preparation of, before the war, scale of, 351, 352;
Tactics, 129;
Cavalry, _passim_, tactics of, in Belgium, 44-5;
artillery and jaeger battalions with, 42, 124, 126, 207;
operations of, and repulses, &c., 83-4, 198, 204, 230;
French's knowledge of, utilised on the Marne, 9, 10, 123-4;
Defiance of chivalry in war, 338;
Designs at Landrecies and at Le Cateau, 76, 78;
Difficulties in September, 105-6;
Emperor, _see_ William II;
First Army of the Meuse, operations of, 46 _sqq._;
offensive abandoned by, 114, 115, 116, 121, 122;
Troops composing, at the Battle of the Marne, 118 _sqq._;
Higher Command (Great General Staff), plans of, changes in, errors
made by, 91, 104-6, 107, 176, 345-6;
Instructions on treatment of Indian prisoners, 196;
Invasion, possibilities of, 215;
rumour on, 329;
Line in Flanders, possibility of breaking through, French on
(Jan. 1917) essentials to, 316;
Points at which a break-through was planned by Joffre (Dec. 27),
this idea the basis of the general strategic idea for 1915,
342;
its results, 342-3;
Mobilisation proceedings, 2, 7;
Naval flag driven from the sea (Dec. 1914), 345;
Northern flanks, efforts to turn, 145, 155, 158-9, 182, 198, 198,
214 _sqq._;
Offensive on W. Front, French anticipations of (Jan. 19, 1915),
as affecting the Zeebrugge scheme, 317-18;
Home anxieties over (Dec. 17), 329 _sqq._;
French's view on, 336;
Proclamation of "Kriegsgefahrszustand," 2;
Strategic scheme for invasion of France crushed at the Battle of
the Marne, 138-9;
Submarine Base, developing at Zeebrugge, 308, 311;
Campaign, how it might have been frustrated, 304, 308, 311, 312;
Tactics, flanking and outflanking manoeuvres, 154;
Violation of,
Belgian neutrality, 45, 46, 47;
Franco-British prevision on, 9, 10-11;
French territory, 2;
War menace, 1, 2, 5, 9, 10-11.

Germany, Declarations of War by, 2, 3;
and previous preparations, 2, 140;
Paris railways to, route of, 53;
_The_ decisive spot in the war in French's view (Jan. 1915),
316.

Gheluvelt, fighting at, for Ypres salient, 241-2, 245, 258;
the 1st Division broken at, 251, 252;
position retrieved by counterattack, 253;
fresh German menace to, 260.

Ghent, Belgian Army to withdraw to (Oct. 3), 175;
French troops holding, and British sent to, 201, 203;
retirement from, 208;
operations designed in regard to, 220-1, 226;
failure of, 233.

Ghistelle-Roulers line, German advance to, 209.

Gibbon, Co.-Sergt.-Major, 5th (Northumberland) Fusiliers, gallant
piece of work by (Nov. 15), 284.

Givenchy, lost and retaken, 327.

Givenchy-Festubert front restored, 328.

Givenchy-les-La Bassee line, French attack on, 325.

Givenchy-les-La Bassee-Quinque Rue line, German attack on, 327.

Givenchy-N.W. of Aubers line advance to, of 2nd Corps, 220.

Givenchy-Pont du Hem line, reached by 2nd Corps, 219.

Givenchy-Richebourg line, German occupation of, 328.

Givet-Dinant-Namur-Brussels line, French troops west of, details
of, 38-9.

Givet-Mezieres, French reserves between, 39.

Givet-Philippeville-Maubeuge line, 5th French Army falling back
on, 64-5, 72.

Givry, 1st Army Corps' move up towards, 64.

Gleichen, Brigadier-General Count (now Lord) A. E. W.,
K.C.V.O., G.O.C. 15th Infantry Brigade, 28.

Gloucestershire Regiment, 1st Batt., 18, 328.

Gordon, Brigadier-General F., G.O.C. 19th Infantry Brigade, 23.

Gordon Highlanders, The,
1st Batt., 21, 66;
in action, 322;
2nd Batt., 28;
6th Batt. (Banff and Donside, T.), 296.

Gough, Brigadier-General Hubert de la Poer, G.O.C. 3rd Cavalry
Brigade, 24;
later Major-General, G.O.C. 2nd Cavalry Division, 25, 251;
operations of, in the retreat from Mons, 65, 87;
in the Marne fighting, 129, 132, 137;
in the Aisne fighting, 152, 158;
and the 2nd Cavalry Division, route for, on move N. 172, 188;
the situation explained to, 195;
_role_ assigned to, 200;
Mont des Cats taken by, 204;
skilful leadership of, at Mont Noir, 205;
at Hollebeke, 244;
on his position at Wytschaete, 246;
disposition made by, 247;
high praise due to, 261.

Gough, John, Chief of Staff to Haig, 249, 265.

Grand Morin River, German forces near, 116, 118;
the fight to force, 119, 122;
successful, 123, 124.

Grant, Captain Colquhoun, a modern parallel to, 326.

Great Britain (_see also_ England), War declared by, 2, 3;
mobilisation of forces, 3;
support by, of France, doubts felt on, 3.

Grenadier Guards, The,
1st Batt., 28;
2nd Batt., 19, 244;
in the forcing of the Petit Morin, 125, 127.

Grenfell, Capt. Francis, and the 9th Lancers, guns saved by, 77.

Grey, Rt. Hon. Sir Edward (Viscount Grey of Falloden), 99;
and the _Entente_, 3;
telegram from, to Sir Francis Bertie, on the Coastal advance
scheme, 305 _sqq._

Grierson, Lieut.-General Sir James M., K.C.B., at the
Council of War, Aug. 5, 1914, 3, 7;
appointed G.O.C. 2nd Army Corps, B.E.F., and sudden death of,
16, 20, 37, 39, 62;
character sketch of, 37;
successor appointed, 38, 61-2.

Groote Vierstraat, H.Q. 1st Cavalry Division, 246.

Grosetti, General, G.O.C. French 16th Corps, 324.

Guest, Captain the Hon. Frederick, D.S.O., A.D.C. to
French, 357, 360.

Guise, German defeat at, 91.

Guise-La Fere line held by 5th French army after Aug. 29, 91.

Guns, and Machine Guns, _see also_ Heavy Artillery,
Losses of, at Le Cateau, 78-9, 87, 153;
Shortage of, 321;
one cause of, 101;
the view of the War Council on, 309-10;
controverted by French, 316;
results, 322, 332-3.

Haddon, Sir Charles, Master-General of Ordnance, visit from;
need for Heavy Artillery urged on by French, 62-3.

Haig, Lieut.-General (now Field-Marshal) Sir Douglas,
K.C.B., G.O.C. First Army Corps, B.E.F., 16, 17,
248, 260;
at the Council of War of Aug. 5, 1914, 3;
views of, on landing of B.E.F., 6;
positions occupied by, on and after Aug. 21, 47;
in the Retreat from Mons, 75, 82, 85;
German pressure on, 104, 109;
operations of, at the Battle of the Marne, 118, 119, 122;
the forcing of the passage of the Petit Morin, 125-6;
military qualities of, 159, 279, 280;
instructions to, on Oct. 19, 225-6;
conferences with, at Ypres, 233;
at Hooge, 239, 247, 249;
share of in the 1st Battle of Ypres, 242, 243, 244, 260 _sqq._;
the driving back of his 1st Division, 251, 252;
the line re-established, 255-6;
messages from (Nov. 2), on rest for the tired troops, 265;
the situation on Nov. 11-12, saved by, in the first place, 280;
in reserve, 283, 284;
Commanding in the Festubert area, 328;
First Army formed and placed under, 337.

Hainault, Province of, 48;
Mons, the capital of, 53.

Haine River, course, valley, affluents, and passage across, 48-9, 50.

Haking, Brigadier-General R., C.B., G.O.C. 5th Infantry
Brigade, 19.

Haldane, Brigadier-General J. A. L., G.O.C. 10th Infantry Brigade,
26;
later as Major-General, G.O.C. 3rd Division, 20, 26, 323.

Haldane, Rt. Hon. Viscount, and the _Entente_, 3;
and War possibilities (in 1908), 8;
and the O.T.C., 272;
and the creation of the Territorial Forces, 291-2, 296;
Divisional Organisation devised and carried through by; strong
opposition; complete justification by success in active
warfare, 298-300;
"Reward" got by; nature of, 299.

Ham, 158.

Hamilton, Major-General Hubert I. W., C.V.O., G.O.C. 3rd
Division, killed in action, 20;
a tribute to, 211.

Hamilton, General Sir Ian, G.C.B., D.S.O., 39.

Hamley, Sir Edward, cited on,
Bazaine's clinging to Metz, 71;
Napoleon I's miscalculations in 1806, and on the importance of
initial right direction given to movements, 217-18.

Hampshire Regiment, 1st Batt., 26, 134, 327.

Hand Grenades, revived use of, 144, 353, 354.

Hankey, Major, 2nd Batt. Worcester Regt., on FitzClarence and the
retaking of Gheluvelt, 255.

Harmignies, R.H.A. reserves at, 47.

Hastiere, captured by the Germans, 65.

Havre, 171, 173, 188;
British communications with, menaced, 74, 93.

Hazebrouck, British troops at and near, 179, 190, 203, 205, 210, 228;
German cavalry reported in, 198;
conference at, with Corps Commanders: directions given to them, 219.

Head-Quarters Staff, embarkation of, 7, 13.

Heavy Artillery, present mode of employing, 12;
British lack of, 352-3;
supply urgently pressed by French, 162-3;
arrival of, 287;
French prevision on, and provision of, 352-3;
long ranges at which effective, 215.

Helpe, Majeure and Mineure, affluents of the Sambre, 51.

Henderson, Brigadier-General Sir David, C.B., G.O.C. 1st
Division, 17;
later, G.O.C. Royal Flying Corps, 25, 33, 61, 185.

Hertfordshire Regiment (T.), 1st Batt., 19, 280, 296;
2nd Batt., 271;
in 1st Battle of Ypres, 280, 297.

Hesdin, H.Q. 2nd Corps, visits at, to Smith-Dorrien, 202.

Hickie, Brigadier-General, G.O.C. 13th Infantry Brigade, 22.

High Explosive Shells demanded by French, 349-50;
table of required output, 349;
nature not properly understood, 353;
Memorandum on the necessity for, 358-60.

H.E., uses of, 358;
table of percentages received, Dec. 1914-May 1915, 360.

Highland Light Infantry, 128, 252;
2nd Batt., 160;
9th (Glasgow Highlanders) Batt. (T.), 19, 295, 297.

Highlanders, 42;
(The Black Watch), in the Battle of the Marne, 126.

Hill 63,
Artillery position on, 245, 259.

Hindenburg, Generalfeldmarshal von, in the Eastern campaign, 230.

Hirson, French reserves near, 39.

Hirson-Mezieres, railway, 53.

Holland, neutrality of, and vulnerability of sea-communications, 315.

Hollebeke and its chateau, fighting at, 243, 244, 246, 322;
William II's intention to go to (Nov. 1), 257;
the dent near between the Allied Forces, anxiety caused by, 276,
280.

Hollebeke-Wytschaete ridge line, combined attack on, 322.

Home Defence, Churchill on, 4;
Kitchener on, 309.

Hon, 2nd Corps H.Q. established at, 66.

Hondevilliers, advance on, 126-7.

Honourable Artillery Company (T.), 27, 271, 295;
attached to the Indian Corps; splendid appearance of, and fine
war record built up by, 297.

Hood, Admiral, and Naval co-operation at Nieuport, 321;
death of, in action, _ib._

Hooge, 250;
H.Q. of 1st Corps at, visited, 243-4, 248, 249.

Hospital Trains, visits to, 137-8;
and improvements in, 157.

Household Cavalry (Composite Regt.), 24, 247, 256.

Houthem-Gheluvelt-St. Julien line, occupied by 7th Division, 220.

Houthulst Forest, fighting in (Oct. 16), 220.

Howitzers, 6-inch Siege, used in the Battle of the Aisne, 149;
H.E. shell almost exclusively used by, 358.

Huguet, Colonel, of the French Military Mission, Aug. 1914, 6, 7, 31;
attached to French's H.Q., 58;
acting as liaison officer between.

French and Joffre, 89, 93, 95, 178, 183.

Hull, Brigadier-General, G.O.C. 10th Infantry Division, 26.

Hunter-Weston, Brigadier-General A. G., C.B.,
D.S.O., G.O.C. 11th Infantry Brigade, 26;
crossing by, of the Marne, 134-5;
line broken but restored, 245;
at Ploegsteert Wood, 327.

Hussars, The,
3rd, 24, 247;
4th (Queen's Own), 24, 65, 129;
10th, 29, 250;
11th (Prince Albert's Own), 24, 56;
15th (King's), 125;
15th (King's),
A Squadron, 21;
B Squadron, 20;
C Squadron, 18;
18th (Queen Mary's Own), 24, 65, 73;
B Squadron at Faujus, 120;
19th (Queen Alexandra's Own),
A Squadron, 23;
B Squadron, 26;
C Squadron, 28;
20th, 25, 47, 136.

Huy, bridge at, 41.

I. Battery, R.H.A., 25;
near Moncel, 120.

Indian Princes at the funeral service for Lord Roberts, 282.

Indian troops in France, 165, 167, 171, 173, 188, 192, 265-6;
arrival of, loyalty of, and German designs on, 196;
Composition and Commander, 196;
command taken over by Willcocks, 240;
in the Battle of Ypres, 284;
H.A.C. attached to, 297;
engaged in the operations of Dec. 14 _sqq._, 327-8;
forming part of 1st Army under Haig, 337;
discussion on, with Willcocks, 340;
Cavalry Corps, 84, 165, 167;
in the operations of Dec. 14, _sqq._, 328;
Ferozepore Brigade, fighting by (Dec. 19), 327;
15th Lancers, 196;
57th Indian Rifles, attached to 1st Cavalry Division, 246;
Garhwal Brigade, 327;
short-lived success of, on Dec. 19, 327, 328;
Lahore Division, 16;
invaluable aid given by, at the 1st Battle of Ypres, 196;
at St. Omer (Oct. 19-20), 228;
sent up in motor omnibuses to Allenby's support (Oct. 21), 233;
position on Oct. 22, 234;
change in command of, 340;
Meerut Division delayed _en route_, 234;
in the Operations of Dec. 14, 327, 328;
Sirhind Brigade, fighting of (Dec. 19), 327.

Infantry, British, at the Marne Battle, French's Memorandum on,
129 _sqq._

Infantry Brigades, British, Commanders and Composition, 17 _sqq._;
Egerton's Brigade, 238;
positions and movements, 1st Battle of Ypres, 234, 261;
1st (Guards), 17, 125, 127;
in the Battle of Ypres, at Gheluvelt, 252, 253, 254;
at Wytschaete, 259;
heavy losses of, 279;
at Givenchy, 328;
2nd, 18;
in the Battle of Ypres, 328;
at Gheluvelt, 250, 251, 252;
3rd, 18;
in the Marne Battle, 127, 137;
in the Battle of Ypres, 253;
at Givenchy, 328;
4th (Guards), 19, 128;
at Landrecies, 75;
at Rozoy, 118;
at the forcing of the Petit Morin, 125 _sqq._;
in the Battle of Ypres, 227, 244, 250;
fine work of, 272;
5th, 19;
at Le Cateau, 76, 160;
in the Marne Battle, 125, 126, 137;
in the Battle of Ypres, 279;
Territorials incorporated in, 297;
6th, 19;
in the Battle of Ypres, 244, 284;
7th, 21, 160, 195;
at Le Cateau, 75, 77, 78;
in the Battle of Ypres, 278, 284;
8th, 21, 66;
at Le Cateau, 77;
in action (Dec. 14), 322;
9th, 21, 196;
at Le Cateau, 77;
in the Aisne Battle, 146;
in the Battle of Ypres, at Messines, 238, 244, 247, 284;
the 10th Liverpools joined to, 297;
10th, 26;
11th, 26;
at the crossing of the Marne, 134;
in the Battle of Ypres, at St. Yves, 245;
attack by on Ploegsteert Wood, 327;
12th, 26;
13th, 22;
14th, 22;
15th, 22;
in the Battle of Ypres, 278;
16th, 27, 160, 193, 195;
17th, 28, 160;
18th, 28, 160;
19th, 16, 23, 47, 61, 94, 173, 193, 210;
in the retreat from Mons, 64, 65, 70, 210;
in the Aisne Battle, 152;
moved up by motor omnibus, 205;
in the Battle of Ypres, 227, 231, 243;
and after, 275;
20th, 28, 327;
21st, 29, 251;
22nd, 29;
fine work of, 272.

Infantry transport, by Motor vehicles, 201, 205, 233, 242.

Ingouville-Williams, Brigadier-Gen. C., G.O.C. 16th Infantry
Brigade, 27.

Instructions to French before leaving for France, 13-15.

Intelligence Service, British, excellence of, 90.

Inundation of Belgium discussed with Foch, 242-3;
Further, possible, of Zeebrugge contemplated, 313.

Invasion, rumours of, 329;
discussion on, with Asquith (Dec. 20), 332.

Inventions, Modern, effect of, on Warfare not anticipated by author,
or others, 11-12.

Irish affairs (1914), Wilson's attitude to, and its effects on his
career, 108-9.

Irish Guards, The,
1st Batt., 19;
in the Battle of the Marne, 125, 128;
at Messines, 244.

Irish Horse, North, 294 _n._, South, _ib._

Iseghem and Courtrai, enemy forces reported moving W. between, 226.

Istria and Dalmatia as theatres of British operations, French's
views on, 315.

Italy, as belligerent (1915), French's views on, 315.

Itancourt, the French repulsed from, 88.

"Jack Johnsons," first experience of, 144.

Jaeger Regiments attached to German cavalry, 45, 124, 126, 207.

Jena Campaign, Napoleon's miscalculations in, Hamley _cited_
on, 217-18.

Jerlain-Maubeuge line, retreat to, decided on, 64.

Jeumont, the Scheldt near, 50.

Joffre, General (now Marshal), first impressions of, confirmed, 34-5;
co-operation with, visits to, consultation with, and plans made
and discussed, 39;
a German attack expected by, 63, 68;
conference with, and with Lanrezac, 81 _sqq._;
desire of, to hold ground as long as possible, 83;
acted on, 91;
tribute paid by, to the British Army, 85, 88;
desire of, to take early offensive, French's attitude in regard
to, 92, 93-4, 95;
dispositions of, on Aug. 30, 93;
and request from, for destruction of bridges over the Oise, 93;
letters from, to Millerand and French (Sept. 2), on the position
of affairs at that date, and his anxiety for the safety of Paris,
96-8, 101, 104, 111;
letter to, from French, on the trend of future operations, 98;
new plans of, for offensive announced to French, 106, 107;
and discussed at Melun, 109-10, 114-16, 121-2;
Orders of the Day (Sept. 4), 115-16;
recognition by, of British co-operation, 121;
tactics of, in the Battle of the Marne, 96-7, 140;
optimism of, and of his Generals (Sept.-Oct.), 142;
Order of the Day, Sept. 10, on taking advantage of the victory on
the Marne, 142-3;
consultations with, on marches through wooded country north of the
Aisne, 143;
on the progress of the 9th and 4th French Armies (Sept. 12), 146;
Order of the Day, Sept. 18, on the assumption of the defensive by
the 6th Army, 158;
military genius evidenced on the Aisne, 159;
_pourparlers_ with, leading to British move north, 163;
letters exchanged, 164 _sqq._, 185 _sqq._;
Kitchener's relations with (Oct.), 177, 179;
on the British troops sent for relief of Antwerp, 183;
visit from (Oct. 21), and supports sent by, 233;
attitude of, to French's Coastal advance scheme (Dec. 13), 307;
his alternative, British co-operation in, Kitchener on, 310, 311;
and Memorandum of (Jan. 19, 1915), adverse to the Zeebrugge
project, 317-18;
the meeting with, at Chantilly, on the situation in the East, 335-7;
French's northern plan put forward, but set aside, 342;
his own plans, 342-3.

Johnson, Colonel Bulkeley (Scots Greys), killed on the Ancre, 136.

Jouy-sur-Morin, advance from, 126.

Jutland, Battle of, death at, of Admiral Hood, 321.

Kavanagh, Brigadier-General C. T. H., G.O.C. 7th Cavalry Brigade, 30;
fine work of, 256, 272.

Kazimirjev, Battle of, admirable strategy of, 230.

Keir, Major-General J. L., G.O.C. 6th Division, 27;
ordered to reinforce Haig, 153;
success of, 241.

Kemmel (_see also_ Mont Kemmel), 208.

Kemmel-Wytschaete area, 2nd Cavalry Division in, 205.

Kent (East) Regiment (The Buffs), 1st Batt., 27, 160.

Kerr, Colonel Frederick W. C., D.S.O., killed in action, 252.

King's (Liverpool) Regiment,
1st Batt., 19, 244, 264;
10th Batt. (T.) Scottish, 295;
at Wytschaete, 297.

King's Own (Royal Lancaster) Regiment, 1st Batt., 26.

King's Own Scottish Borderers, 2nd Batt., 22, 247.

King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, 2nd Batt., 22, 247.

King's Royal Rifle Corps (60th Rifles), 240;
1st Batt., 19, 244, 284;
at the Ypres salient, 244;
2nd Batt., 18, 250;
at Givenchy, 328.

Kitchener of Khartoum, Field-Marshal Viscount (later Earl),
K.P., &c., 2;
at the Council of War, Aug. 5, 1914, 3;
appointed Secretary of State for War, 6;
French's conception of his functions, 95, 100, 177-8;
Instructions issued by, to French, on starting for the campaign,
13-15;
French's letters to, on French dispositions on the Meuse, 38-40,
on the action by the 4th Brigade at Landrecies, 75;
on the absolute necessity for retaining independence of
action, 94;
Paris interview with, 92, 95 _sqq._, 101, 112;
offensive action urged by, on Aug. 31, 95;
difficulties occasioned by, 177 _sqq._;
telegrams from, on the relief of Antwerp, 177, 179;
French Territorial Divisions requested by, for Dunkirk, 179-80,
188;
Rawlinson placed by, under French's command, 201;
Territorials offered by, as reinforcements (Oct. 22), 228;
and the New Armies, 292;
French's Coastal operations plan approved by (Dec.), 305;
Memorandum from (Jan. 1915), on the proposed advance to
Zeebrugge, 308 _sqq._;
the objections stated, 311-12;
and answered, 312 _sqq._;
letter from, on rumours of enemy invasion, and fears for the
W. front, 329;
conversations with, at Walmer, 329;
and the responsibility of the C.-in-C., 330;
communications from, on Russian rumours, alleged German
reinforcements in the W., and the possibility of Russian
"bluff," 334-5;
French's appeal to, for more Munitions, 332, 347, 348, 355-6;
French's divided feelings for, as soldier and as politician, 333;
the last day with, a day of happy memories, 333;
the outer and the inner man, 334;
death of, 333.

Klein Zillebeke-Zillebeke line, French operations on, 222.

Kluck, General Oberst von, and the Battle of the Marne (_q.v._), 116;
German view on and French's contrasted, 106;
retreat of, 114, 121, 122, 125;
possible reasons for, 139.

Kozienice, fighting W. of, Russian valour in, 230.

"Kriegsgefahrszustand" proclaimed by Wilhelm II, 2.

Kruiseij, village of, junction at, of 7th Division with cavalry, 242.

"L" Battery, R.H.A., heroic fight of, at Nery, 25, 101.

La Bassee, _terrain_ near, 209;
a formidable stronghold, the 5th Division held up at, 221.

La Bassee to Armentieres, German forces opposing along (Oct. 30), 240;
Indian Corps engaged at, 284.

La Bassee-to the Sea line, fighting on, 275, 284;
French's plan for taking over, 343.

La Bassee-Thiaucourt, Allied line (Oct. 6), 181-2.

La Bassee Canal, French line extended to, 211.

La Fere, 5th French Army's left on, 93.

La Fere-Noyon line, move towards, 84.

La Ferte-Bezu-Domptin line, British position along, 137.

La Ferte-Gaucher line, reached by 5th French Army, 123.

La Ferte-Milon-Neuilly-St. Front-Rocourt line, reached by British,
and the end of the Battle of the Marne, 137.

La Ferte-sous-Jouarre, 129;
bridging feat at, of the 3rd Corps R.E., 134, 137;
occupation of, 131;
crossing of the Marne at, stiff fighting for, 133-4.

La Forge, crossing of the Petit Morin at, 127.

Lagny, G.H.Q. moved to, 101.

Lagny-Meaux line, 6th French army's crossing of the Marne between,
109.

La Haute Maison, 3rd Corps at, 123.

Lahore Division, _see under_ Indian Corps.

Lambton, Lieutenant-Colonel, later Brigadier-General the Hon. G. W.,
Military Secretary, H.Q. Staff, B.E.F., 6.

Lancashire (East) Regiment, 1st Batt., 26, 134;
at Ploegsteert Wood (Dec. 19), 327.

Lancashire Fusiliers, 2nd Batt., 26.

Lancashire (Loyal North) Regiment 1st Batt., 18, 230;
at Givenchy, 328.