Chapter V: Introduction (3)

'1605. Itm to James Smalwood for an Acre & halfe of
hedginge frith out of Heywood.... Item for felling the same
frith.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 194.

(3) _v._ To make a brushwood drain, as opposed to ~Grip~, q.v. (D).

=Froar=. Frozen (A.B.S.); generally ~Vroar~ or ~Vrŏr~ in N. Wilts, but the usual form at Wroughton, N.W., is ~Froren~. A.S. _gefroren_.--N. & S.W.

=Frog-dubbing=. Boys throw a frog into a shallow pool, and then 'dub' or pelt it, as it tries to escape. See ~Dub~.--S.W.

=Froom=. See ~Frum~.

=Frout=. Of animals: to take fright. 'My horse frouted and run away.'--S.W.

=Frouten=, =Froughten=. To frighten (S.).--N. & S.W.

'Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.
vii.

=Frow=. See ~Brow~.

=Frum=, =Froom=. Of vegetables, grass, &c.: fresh and juicy (A.B.); strong-growing or rank. A.S. _from_, vigorous, strong.--N.W.

*=Fry=. (1) _n._ A brushwood drain (H.Wr.). See ~Frith~ (3).--N.W. (2) _v._ To make a brushwood drain (D.). Also ~Frea~ and ~Frith~ (D.).--N.W.

'1790. For 234 Lugg Hollow frying in Englands
2.18.6.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 248.

=Fullmare=. _n._ In my childhood I remember being told more than once by servants at Morden, near Swindon, N.W., that a colt which was playing about in a field near was 'a fullmare.' Could this possibly have been a survival of the old word '_Folymare_, a young foal,' which is given by Halliwell and Wright as occurring in a fifteenth-century MS. at Jesus College, Oxford? I have never heard the word elsewhere.--_G. E. D._

=Fur=. _n._ The calcareous sediment in a kettle, &c.--N. & S.W.

=Furlong= (pronounced ~Vurlin~). The strip of newly-ploughed land lying between two main furrows.--N.W. (Lockeridge.)

=Fur up=. Water-pipes, kettles, &c., when coated inside with 'rock,' or the calcareous sediment of hard water, are said to 'fur up,' or to be 'furred up.'--N. & S.W.

*=Furze-hawker=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear.--N.W.

*=Furze Robin=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 150).--N.W. (Sutton Benger.)

=Fuzz-ball=. _Lycoperdon Bovista_, L., Puffball.--N. & S.W.

=Gaa-oot!= See ~Horses~ (A.).

=Gaam=. (1) _v._ To smear or bedaub with anything sticky. ~Gaamze~ (_Village Miners_). (2) _n._ A sticky mass of anything. See ~Gam~.--N. & S.W. Many years ago, at a Yeomanry ball in a certain town in N. Wilts, the Mayor, who had done his duty manfully up to then, stopped short in the middle of a dance, and mopping his face vigorously, gasped out to his astonished partner, a lady of high position, 'Well, I don't know how _you_ be, Marm, but _I_ be ael of a gaam o' zweat!'--N.W.

=Gaamy=, =Gammy=. Daubed with grease, &c., sticky. In Hal. and Wr. '~Gaam~, _adj._ sticky, clammy,' is apparently an error, _gaamy_ being probably intended.--N.W.

=Gaapsey=. _n._ A sight to be stared at. See ~Gapps~.--N.W.

=Gaapus=. _n._ A fool, a stupid fellow. 'What be at, ye girt gaapus!'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Gabborn=. Of rooms or houses, comfortless, bare (B.C.). ~Gabbern~ (A.H.) and ~Gabern~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 78). This term always denotes largeness without convenience or comfort (_Cunnington MS._).--N.W. ~Gabberny~ on Berks bord.

*=Gage-ring=. An engagement ring (_Great Estate_, ch. x).--N.W.

=Galley-bagger=. A scarecrow (S.).--S.W.

=Galley-crow=. A scarecrow (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

'"Maester," said the child, "wull 'e let m' chainge hats wi'
thuck galley-crow yander?" ... pointing to a scarecrow at the
other end of the garden.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 103.

=Gallivant=. To be gadding about on a spree with a companion of the opposite sex (S.): to run after the girls, or 'chaps,' as the case may be.--N. & S.W.

=Gallow=. See ~Gally~.

=Gallows= (pronounced _Gallus_). *(1) A pair of braces. (2) Exceedingly. Used with any adjective; as 'Gallus dear,' very expensive (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 75).--N. & S.W.

'A gallus bad wench her be!'--_Dark_, ch. xviii.

*(3) 'He's a gallus chap,' i.e. plucky.

=Gallows-gate=. A light gate, consisting only of a hinged style, top-rail, and one strut.--N.W.

=Gallus=. See ~Gallows~.--N.W.

=Gally=, =Gallow=. To frighten or terrify. ~Gallow~ (B.H., _Lansd. MS._), ~Gally~ (A.B.S.), Pret. _gallered_, astonished, frightened (A.B.C.S.) 'He gallered I amwost into vits.' Still in use about Marlborough and in S.W. From M.E. _galwen_; A.S. _agælwan_, to stupefy.--N. & S.W.

'The wrathful skies
Gallow the very wanderers of the dark.'--_Lear_, iii. 2.

The word is still commonly used in the whale-fishery:--

'Young bulls ... are ... easily "gallied," that is,
frightened.'--MARRYAT, _Poor Jack_, ch. vi.

=Gam=. A sticky mass, as 'all in a gam.' See ~Gaam~ (2).--N. & S.W. In S. Wilts the _a_ in this word and its derivatives is usually short, while in N. Wilts it is broad in sound.

=Gambrel=. The piece of wood or iron used by butchers for extending or hanging a carcase (A.). ~Gamel~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Gamel=. See ~Gambrel~.

=Gammer=. A woodlouse.--S.W.

=Gammet=, =Gamut=. (1) _n._ Fun, frolicsome tricks. 'You be vull o' gamuts.'--N.W. (2) _v._ To frolic, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~ and ~Gannick~. 'Thee bist allus a gammetting.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To play off practical jokes; to take in any one.--N.W.

=Gammock=. _v._ To lark about, to play the fool, to frolic. See ~Gannick~ and ~Gammet~.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

=Gammotty=, =Gammutty=. (1) _adj._ Frolicsome, larky. See ~Gammet~.--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of cheese, ill-flavoured. See ~Cammocky~.--N.W.

=Gammy=. (1) Sticky. See ~Gaamy~.--S.W. (2) Lame, crippled, having a 'game leg.'--N. & S.W.

=Gamut=. See ~Gammet~.

=Gander-flanking, To go=. To go off larking or 'wondermenting.' Perhaps a corruption of _gallivanting_.--S.W. (Upton Scudamore.)

=Gandigoslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. Compare _Gandergosses_ in _Gerarde_ (_Appendix_), and _Candle-gostes_ in _Folk-Etymology_. Also see ~Dandy-goslings~, ~Dandy-goshen~, ~Goosey-ganders~, ~Goslings~, ~Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander~, and ~Granfer-goslings~.--N.W.

=Gannick=. To lark about, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~.--S.W. (Warminster, &c.)

=Gapps=, =Gaapsey=. To gape or stare at anything. 'Thee'st allus a gaapsin' about.'--N.W.

=Garley-gut=. A gluttonous person. Perhaps connected with _gorle_, to devour eagerly (see Halliwell).

'"Let's go to bed," says Heavy-Head,
"Let's bide a bit," says Sloth,
"Put on the pot," says Garley-gut,
"We'll sup afore we g'auf" [go off].'--_Nursery Rhyme._

=Gashly=. See ~Ghastly~.

=Gate=. _n._ Excitement, 'taking.' 'Her wur in a vine gate wi't.'--N.W.

=Gatfer=. See ~Gotfer~.

=Gauge-brick=. A brick which shows by its change of colour when the oven is hot enough for baking. Cf. ~Warning-stone~.--N.W.

'She knew when the oven was hot enough by the gauge-brick:
this particular brick as the heat increased became spotted
with white, and when it had turned quite white the oven was
ready.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii. p. 152.

=Gawl-cup=. See ~Gold-cup~.

=Gawney=. A simpleton (A.H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

'Leave m' 'lone y' great gawney!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 83.

=Gay=. Of wheat, rank in the blade (D.).--N.W.

=Gee=, =Jee=. To agree, to work well together (A.B.).--N.W.

=Genow=. See ~Go-now~.

*=Gentlemen's-and-ladies'-fingers=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Cf. ~Lady's-Finger~ (2).--S.W. (Farley.)

=Ghastly= (pronounced Gashly). This word is used in many ways, as 'Thick hedge wur gashly high, but it be ter'ble improved now.'--N.W. (Huish.) At Etchilhampton, N.W., a 'gashly ditch' is one that is cut too wide.--N. & S.W.

=Gibbles=. Onions grown from bulbs. Cf. ~Chipples~ and ~Cribbles~.--N. & S.W.

=Gicksey=. See ~Kecks~.

=Giggley=. See ~Goggley~.

=Gigletting=. _adj._ Fond of rough romping; wanton. Used only of females. 'Dwoan't ha' no truck wi' thuck there giglettin' wench o' his'n.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Gilcup=. Buttercups in general; occasionally restricted to _R. Ficaria_. Cf. ~Gold-cup~.--S.W.

*=Gill=. A low four-wheeled timber-carriage (_Cycl. of Agric._).

*=Gilty-cup=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--S.W. (Zeals.)

=Gin-and-Water Market=. See quotation.

'Some towns have only what is called a "gin-and-water" market:
that is, the "deal" is begun and concluded from small samples
carried in the pocket and examined at an inn over a glass of
spirits and water.'--_The Toilers of the Field_, p. 28.

=Gipsy=. Carnation grass, _Carex panicea_, L., because it turns so brown.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Gipsy-rose=. _Scabiosa atropurpurea_, L., the Garden Scabious.--N.W.

=Girls=. The short-pistilled or 'thrum-eyed' blossoms of the Primrose, _Primula vulgaris_, L. See ~Boys~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Gix=, =Gicksey=, &c. See ~Kecks~.

=Glory-hole=. A place for rubbish or odds and ends, as a housemaid's cupboard, or a lumber room.--N.W.

'This has nothing to do with Lat. _gloria_, but is connected
with M.E. _glorien_, to befoul (_Prompt. Parv._). Compare Prov.
Eng. _glorry_, greasy, fat. Thus _glory-hole_=a dirty, untidy
nook. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 145.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

*=Glox=. This is given by most authorities as a noun, and defined as 'the sound of liquids when shaken in a barrel' (A.B.H.Wr.); but it is really a verb, and refers to the motion and peculiar gurgling of liquids against the side of a barrel or vessel that is not quite full (C.). In Hants _gloxing_ is the noise made by falling, gurgling water (Cope). Cf. ~Lottle~.--N.W., obsolete.

'Fill the Barrel full, John, or else it will glox in
Carriage.'--_Cunnington MS._

=Glutch=. To swallow (A.B.C.S.). According to _Cunnington MS_, the use of _glutch_ implies that there is some difficulty in swallowing, while _quilt_ is to swallow naturally.--N. & S.W.

=Glutcher=. The throat (S.). See ~Glutch~.--N. & S.W.

*=Gnaa-post=. A simpleton (S.).--S.W.

=Gnaing=. To mock, to insult (S.). Also used in West of England and Sussex.--S.W.

=Goat-weed=. _Polygonum Convolvulus_, L., Black Bindweed.--N.W.

*=Gob=. (1) _n._ Much chatter (S.).--S.W. (2) _v._ To talk.--S.W.

*=Goche=. A pitcher (H.Wr.). Perhaps a mistake, as Morton (_Cycl. of Agric._) gives _gotch_ under Norfolk.

=Gog=, =Goggmire=. A swamp or quagmire. Cf. ~Quavin-gog~. 'I be all in a goggmire,' in a regular fix or dilemma.--N.W.

'In Minty Common ... is a boggie place, called the _Gogges_....
_Footnote_. Perhaps a corruption of _quag_, itself a
corruption of _quake_. "I be all in a goggmire" is a North
Wilts phrase for being in what appears an inextricable
difficulty.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 271.

=Goggle=. (1) _n._ A snail-shell. Cf. E. _cockle_ (Skeat).--N.W.

'=Guggles=, the empty shells of snails--not the large brown
kind, but those of various colours.'--MISS E. BOYER-BROWN.

(2) _v._ 'To go goggling,' to collect snail-shells (_Springtide_, p. 89).--N.W. (3) _v._ To shake or tremble, as a table with one leg shorter than the others. 'I do trembly an' goggly ael day.'--N. & S.W. (4) _n._ 'All of a goggle,' shaking all over, especially from physical weakness. 'How are you to-day, Sally?' 'Lor', Zur! I be aal of a goggle.' 'What on earth do you mean?' 'Why, I be zo ter'ble giggly, I can't scarce kip my lags nohow.'--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

=Goggles=. A disease in sheep (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xiv).--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

=Goggly=. Unsteady, shaky. Sometimes ~Giggly~ is used, as in example given under ~Goggle~.--N. & S.W.

=Goggmire=. See ~Gog~.

=Gold=. Nodules of iron pyrites in chalk.--N.W. Heard once or twice, near Clyffe Pypard, years ago.--G. E. D.

'On past the steep wall of an ancient chalk-quarry, where the
ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them thunderbolts and
"gold," for when broken the radial metallic fibres glisten
yellow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

=Gold-cup= (pronounced _Gawl-cup_). The various forms of Buttercup. Cf. ~Gilcup~.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Golden Chain=. (1) Laburnum (S.). The general name for it in Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow Vetchling.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

=Goldlock=. _Sinapis arvensis_, L., Charlock.--S.W. (Zeals.)

=Go-now=, =Genow=, =Good-now=. Used as an expletive, or an address to a person (S.). 'What do 'ee thenk o' that, genow!' Also used in Dorset.--N. & S.W.

=Gooding Day=. St. Thomas' Day, when children go 'gooding,' or asking for Christmas boxes.--N.W.

*=Good Neighbour=. Jefferies (_Village Miners_) speaks of a weed called by this name, but does not identify it. See below.

=Good Neighbourhood=. (1) _Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus_, L., Good King Henry.--N.W. (Devizes.) (2) _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur Valerian (_English Plant Names_).--N.W. (Devizes.)

=Good-now=. See ~Go-now~ (S.). Used at Downton, &c.--S.W.

=Gooseberry-pie=. _Valeriana dioica_, L., All-heal.--S.W.

=Goosegog=. A green gooseberry (S.). Used by children.--N. & S.W.

=Goosehill=. See ~Guzzle~.

*=Goosen-chick=. A gosling (Wr.). *~Goosen-chick's vather~. A gander (Wr.). Both these words would appear to belong to Som. and Dev. rather than Wilts.

=Goosey-gander=. A game played by children (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Goosey-ganders=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis.--N.W.

*=Gore=. A triangular piece of ground (D.).

=Goslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. See ~Gandigoslings~.--N.W.

=Goss=. _Ononis arvensis_, L., Restharrow. Gorse, _Ulex_, is always 'Fuzz.'--N.W.

=Gossiping=. A christening.--N.W., obsolete.

*=Gotfer=. An old man (H.Wr.). *~Gatfer~ is still in use about Malmesbury.--N.W.

=Grab-hook=. A kind of grapnel used for recovering lost buckets from a well.

=Graft=. (1) A draining spade.--N.W. (2) The depth of earth dug therewith.--N.W.

=Grained=. Dirty (A.H.Wr.); ~Grainted~ (B.); the latter being a mispronunciation.--N.W.

=Grains=. The tines of a gardening fork, as 'a four-grained prong.'--N. & S.W.

=Gramfer=. Grandfather (A.B.). ~Granfer~ (S.) and ~Gramp~ are also used.--N. & S.W.

=Grammer=. Grandmother (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W. Becoming obsolete.

=Grammered in=. Of dirt, so grained in, that it is almost impossible to wash it off. ~Grammered~: Begrimed (H.).--N.W.

*=Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

*=Granfer-goslings=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

*=Granny-jump-out-of-bed=. _Aconitum Napellus_, L., Monks-hood.--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Granny= (or =Granny's=) =Nightcap=. (1) _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Common Columbine.--N.W. (Huish.) (3) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--N.W. (4) _Convolvulus arvensis_, L., Field Bindweed.--N.W.

*=Grate=. Earth (D.).

*=Grate-board=. The mould-board of a plough (D.).

*=Gratings=. The right of feed in the stubbles (D.). See ~Gretton~.

=Gravel-Path, The=. The Milky Way.--N.W. (Huish.)

*=Gray Woodpecker=. _Picus major_, the Great Spotted Woodpecker (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 253). See ~Black Woodpecker~.

=Great axe=. The large English woodman's axe (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv).

=Greggles=, or =Greygles=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf. ~Blue Goggles~.--S.W.

*=Gretton=. Stubble (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._) See ~Gratings~.

=Greybeard=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, when in seed.--N.W.

=Greygles=. See ~Greggles~.

=Griggles=. Small worthless apples remaining on the tree after the crop has been gathered in.--N.W.

=Griggling=. Knocking down the 'griggles,' as boys are allowed by custom to do.--N.W.

=Grindstone Apple=. The crab-apple; used to sharpen reap-hooks, its acid biting into the steel. The 'Grindstone Apple' mentioned in the _Eulogy of R. Jefferies_, p. iv. is probably the 'Grindstone Pippin' of _Wood Magic_, not the crab.--N.W.

=Grip=, or =Gripe=. (1) To _grip_ wheat is to divide it into bundles before making up the sheaves.--N.W. (2) _n._ 'A grip of wheat,' the handful grasped in reaping (A.). It is _laid down in gripe_ when laid ready in handfuls untied (D.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To drain with covered turf or stone drains, as opposed to _frith_. To _take up gripe_, is to make such drains (D.).--S.W.

=Grist=, =Griz=. To snarl and show the teeth, as an angry dog or man (A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

=Grizzle=. To grumble, complain, whine, cry.--N. & S.W.

*=Grom=. A forked stick used by thatchers for carrying the bundles of straw up to the roof (A.B.G.).

*=Gropsing=. 'The gropsing of the evening,' dusk.--Obsolete.

'Both came unto the sayd Tryvatt's howse in the gropsing of the
yevening.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxii. 227.

=Ground=. A field.--N.W.

'A whirlewind took him up ... and layd him down safe, without
any hurt, in the next ground.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_ p.
16, ed. Brit.

*=Ground-sill stone=. Quarrymen's term for one of the beds of the Portland oolite--useful for bridges, &c., where great strength is required (Britton's _Beauties_, vol. iii).

=Ground-rest=. The wood supporting the share, in the old wooden plough (D.). _Rest_ is a mistake for _wrest_ (Skeat).--N.W.

=Grout=. (1) _v._ To root like a hog.--N.W. (2) _v._ Hence, to rummage about.--N.W.

=Grouty=. _adj._ Of the sky, thundery, threatening rain. It looks 'ter'ble grouty' in summer when thunder clouds are coming up.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Grump=. 'To grump about,' to complain of all sorts of ailments.--N.W.

*=Grupper=. To give up (Wr.). There would appear to be some mistake here, as we cannot trace the word elsewhere.

*=Gubbarn=. _n._ A filthy place, a foul gutter or drain (A.H.Wr.), ~Gubborn~ (B.). Should not this be _adj._ instead of _n._? Compare Devon _gubbings_, offal, refuse.

=Guggles=. See ~Goggles~.

=Guinea-pigs=, =Pigs=. Woodlice. See ~Butchers'-Guinea-Pigs~.--N. & S.W.

*=Gule=. To sneer or make mouths at (A.). Also used in Hereford.

=Guley=, =Guly=. _adj._ (1) Of sheep, giddy, suffering from a disease in the head which affects the brain and causes a kind of vertigo.--N.W. (2) Of persons, queer, stupid, or silly-looking. Compare _Guled_, bewildered, Berks. After being very drunk over-night, a man looks 'ter'ble guley' in the morning.--N.W.

=Gullet-hole=. A large drain-hole through a hedge-bank to carry off water.--N.W.

*=Gurgeons=. Coarse flour (A.).

=Gushill=. See ~Guzzle~.

=Guss=. (1) _n._ The girth of a saddle (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To girth; to tie tightly round the middle. A bundle of hay should be 'gussed up tight.' A badly dressed fat woman 'looks vor aal the world like a zack o' whate a-gussed in wi' a rawp.'--N.W.

=Gustrill=. See ~Guzzle~.

=Gutter=. To drain land with open drains (D.).--N.W.

=Guzzle=. (1) The filth of a drain (B.). (2) A filthy drain (A.B.). ~Goosehill~ (Wr.), ~Gushill~ (K.), and ~Gustrill~ (H.Wr.), the latter being probably a misprint.--N.W.

=Guzzle-berry=. Gooseberry. Used by children.--N. & S.W.

=H=. It should be noted that the cockney misuse of _H_ is essentially foreign to our dialect. Formerly it was the rarest thing in the world to hear a true Wiltshire rustic make such a slip, though the townsfolk were by no means blameless in this respect, but now the spread of education and the increased facilities of communication have tainted even our rural speech with cockneyisms and slang phrases.

=Hack=. (1) _v._ To loosen the earth round potatoes, preparatory to earthing them up. This is done with a 'tater-hacker,' an old three-grained garden-fork, which by bending down the tines or 'grains' at right angles to the handle has been converted into something resembling a rake, but used as a hoe. In Dorset hoeing is called _hacking_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) *(2) _n._ The shed in which newly-made bricks are set out to dry.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

*=Hacka=. _n._ A nervous hesitation in speaking (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

'He speaks with so many hacks and hesitations.'--DR. H. MORE.

=Hacker=. (1) _v._ See ~Hakker~. (2) _n._ The instrument used in 'hacking' potatoes; also known as a ~Tomahawk~.--N.W.

=Hacketty=. See ~Hicketty~.

=Hackle=. *(1) _n._ The mane of a hog (A.H.Wr.). (2) _n._ The straw covering of a bee-hive or of the apex of a rick (A.).--N.W. *(3) To agree together (A.). (4) To rattle or re-echo.--N.W.

=Hagged=. Haggard, worn out, exhausted-looking. 'He came in quite hagged.' 'Her 've a had a lot to contend wi' to-year, and her 's hagged to death wi't aal.'--N. & S.W.

=Hagger=. See ~Hakker~.

=Haggle=. To cut clumsily. See ~Agg~.--N.W.

'They took out their knives and haggled the skin
off.'--_Bevis_, ch. vii.

=Hag-rod=. Bewitched, hag-ridden, afflicted with nightmare. *~Haig-raig~, bewildered (S.).--S.W.

=Hail=. The beard of barley. See ~Aile~, which is the more correct form (Smythe-Palmer).--N. & S.W.

'The black knots on the delicate barley straw were beginning to
be topped with the hail.'--_Round about a Great Estate_, ch. i.
p. 8.

=Hain=, =Hain up=. _v._ To reserve a field of grass for mowing (A.B.D.).--N.W. Treated as a noun by Akerman.

'Three acres of grass ... to be hayned by the farmer at
Candlemas and carried by the Vicar at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton
Parish Terrier_, 1704.

=Haito=. A horse; used by mothers and nurses concurrently with _Gee-gee_. A contraction of _Hait-wo_, the order to a horse to go to the left. _Highty_ is similarly used in N. of England.--N. & S.W.

=Hait-wo=. See above.

=Hakker=, =Hacker=. To tremble (S.), as with passion (A.), cold, or ague. ~Hagger.~ To chatter with cold (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager!
How a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

=Half-baked=, or =Half-saved=. Half-witted.--N. & S.W.

*=Hallantide=. All Saints' Day (B.).

=Hallege=, =Harrige=. _n._ The latter seems to be the original form of the word, and is still occasionally heard; but for at least seventy years it has been more commonly pronounced as _hallege_, _l_ and _r_ having been interchanged. We have met with it at Clyffe Pypard, Bromham, Huish, and elsewhere in N. Wilts; but, so far as we know, it is not used in S. Wilts. _Havage_=disturbance, which the Rev. S. Baring-Gould heard once in Cornwall, and made use of in his fine West-Country romance, _John Herring_, ch. xxxix, is doubtless a variant of the same word. (1) Of persons, a crowd; also, contemptuously, a low rabble. 'Be you a-gwain down to zee what they be a-doing at the Veast?' 'No, _I_ bean't a-gwain amang such a hallege as that!'--N.W. (2) Of things, confusion, disorder. Were a load of _top and lop_, intended to be cut up for firewood, shot down clumsily in a yard gateway, it would be said, 'What a hallege you've a-got there, blocking up the way!--N.W. (3) Hence, it sometimes appears to mean rubbish, as when it is applied to the mess and litter of small broken twigs and chips left on the ground after a tree has been cut and carried.--N.W. (4) It is also occasionally used of a disturbance of some sort, as 'What a hallege!' what a row!--N.W.

=Ham=. (1) A narrow strip of ground by a river, as ~Mill-ham~ (A.D.). (2) See Haulm (S.).

=Hames=. Pieces of wood attached to a horse's collar in drawing (A.D.).--N. & S.W.

=Hanch= (_a_ broad). Of a cow or bull, to thrust with the horns, whether in play or earnest.--N.W.

=Hand=. (1) _n._ Corn has 'a good hand' when it is dry and slippery in the sack, 'a bad hand' when it is damp and rough (D.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To act as a second in a fight.--N.W. (3) _v._ 'To have hands with anything,' to have anything to do with it. 'I shan't hae no hands wi't.--N.W. See ~Hank~.

=Hand-box=. See ~Box~.

=Hander=. The second to a pugilist (A.). See ~Hand~ (2).--N.W.

=Handin'-post=. A sign-post.--N.W.

=Hand-staff=. The part of the 'drashell' which is held in the hand.

=Hand-wrist=. The wrist.--N.W.

=Handy=. Near to, as 'handy home,' 'handy ten o'clock' (A.B.M.S.). 'A gied un vower days' work, or handy.'--N. & S.W.

=Hang=. 'To hang up a field,' to take the cattle off it, and give it a long rest, so as to freshen up the pasture.--N.W.

=Hang-fair=. A public execution, as 'Hang-fair at 'Vize,' formerly treated as a great holiday.--N.W., obsolete. The Pleasure Fair at Warminster on August 11 is known as 'Hang-Fair,' perhaps from the hanging of two murderers there on that day in 1813. See _Wilts Notes and Queries_, i. 40, 139.

=Hang-gallows=. A gallows-bird (S.).--N. & S.W.

'"Where's the money I put in th' zack, you hang-gallus?" roared
Mr. Twink.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

=Hanging=. (1) The steep wooded slope of a hill.--N. & S.W. (2) A hillside field (S.).--S.W.

=Hanging Geranium=. _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L.; from the way in which it is usually suspended in a cottage window; also known as ~Strawberry Geranium~, from its strawberry-like runners.--S.W.

=Hanging-post=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it is hung to its post. Frequently heard, although ~Har~ is much more commonly used.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

=Hanglers=. The hooks by which pots and kettles are suspended over open fireplaces in old cottages and farm-houses. See ~Coglers~.--N.W.

*=Hank=. Dealings with (S.). 'I won't ha' no hank wi' un,' will have nothing at all to do with him. Cf. ~Hand~ (3).--S.W.

*=Hants-sheep=, =Hants-horses=. See quotation.

'They were called [in Wilts] hants sheep; they were a sort of
sheep that never shelled their teeth, but always had their
lambs-teeth without shedding them, and thrusting out two
broader in their room every year.... There were such a sort of
horses called hants horses, that always showed themselves to be
six years old.'--LISLE'S _Husbandry_, 1757.

=Happer-down=. To come down smartly, to rattle down, as hail, or leaves in autumn.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Haps=. (1) _n._ A hasp (A.B.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To hasp, to fasten up a door or box (A.B.)--N. & S.W.

=Har=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it is hung to its post. A.S. _heorre_, M.E. _herre_, the hinge of a door. See ~Head~ and ~Hanging-post~.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

'We wants some more heads and hars cut out.' Carpenters about
Marlborough usually reduce the word to a single letter in
making up their accounts, as 'To a new R to Cow-lease gate,
&c.'--Rev. C. SOAMES.

=Hardhead=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--N. & S.W.

=Harl=. (1) _v._ To thrust a dead rabbit's hind-foot through a slit in the other leg, so as to form a loop to hang it up or carry it by (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii). _Hardle_ in Dorset.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To entangle (C.). _Harl_, knotted (A.S.), is a mistake for _harled_.--N. & S.W. (3) _n._ An entanglement (B.C.). 'The thread be aal in a harl.' A knot (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed. Brit.)--N. & S.W. *(4) Of oats, _well-harled_ is well-eared (D).

=Harrige=. See HALLEGE.

*=Harrows=. The longitudinal bars of a harrow (D.).

=Harvest-trow=. The shrew-mouse (_Wild Life_, ch. ix); ~Harvest-row~ (A.H.Wr.)--N.W.

*=Hask=. A husky cough to which cows are subject (Lisle's _Husbandry_). See HUSK.

=Hatch=. (1) _n._ A 'wallow,' or line of raked-up hay.--N.W. (2) _v._ 'To hatch up,' to rake hay into hatches.--N.W. (3) _n._ A half-door (A.B.C.). 'Barn-hatch,' a low board put across the door, over which you must step to enter.--N.W.

=Haulm=, =Ham=, =Haam=, =Helm=. A stalk of any vegetable (A.B.), especially potatoes and peas.--N. & S.W.

=Haycock=. A much larger heap of hay than a 'foot-cock.'--N. & S.W.

*=Hayes=. A piece of ground enclosed with a live hedge; used as a termination, as ~Calf-Hayes~ (D.). A.S. _hege_ (Skeat).

=Hay-home=. See quotation.

'It was the last day of the hay-harvest--it was "hay-home" that
night.'--R. JEFFERIES, _A True Tale of the Wiltshire Labourer_.

=Hay-making=. Grass as it is mown lies in _swathe_ (N. & S.W.); then it is _turned_ (S.W.), preparatory to being _tedded_ (N. & S.W.), or _spread_; then raked up into lines called _hatches_ (N.W.), which may be either _single hatch_ or _double hatch_, and are known in some parts as wallows (N.W.); next _spread_ and _hatched up_ again, and put up in small _foot-cocks_, _cocks_ (N.W.), or _pooks_ (N. & S.W.); finally, after being thrown about again, it is _waked up_ into _long wakes_ (N.W.), or _rollers_ (S.W.), and if not made temporarily into _summer-ricks_ (N.W.), is then carried. No wonder that John Burroughs (_Fresh Fields_, p. 55) remarks that in England hay 'is usually nearly worn out with handling before they get it into the rick.' Almost every part of the county has its own set of terms. Thus about Warminster meadow-hay is (1) turned, (2) spread or tedded, (3) put in rollers, (4) pooked; while at Clyffe Pypard it is tedded, hatched, waked and cocked, and at Huish waked and pooked. _Roller_ is pronounced as if it rhymed with _collar_. Hay is 'put in rollers,' or 'rollered up.'

=Hazon= (_a_ broad). To scold or threaten (A.B.C.H.Wr.). 'Now dwoan't 'ee hazon the child for 't.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Head=. The front upright timber of a gate. See Har and Falling-post.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

=Headland=. (1) _adj._ Headlong, as to 'fall headland' or 'neck-headland.'--N.W. (2) The strip where the plough turns at bottom and top of a field, which must either be ploughed again at right angles to the rest, or dug over with the spade; generally called the ~Headlong~ by labourers in S. Wilts.

=Headlong=. See ~Headland~.

=Heal=, =Hele=. Of seeds, to cover or earth over (D.); ~Heeld~, ~Yeeld~ (_Great Estate_, ch. viii). When the ground is dry and hard, and the wheat when sown does not sink in and get covered up at once, it is said not to _heal well_, and requires harrowing.--N.W.

=Heartless=. 'A heartless day' is a wet day with a strong south-west wind.--S.W.

=Heater= (pronounced _Hetter_). A flat iron (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Heave=, =Eve=. Of hearthstones, &c., to sweat or become damp on the surface in dry weather, a sign of coming change and wet. ~Eave~, to sweat (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Heavy= (pronounced _Heevy_). Of weather, damp. See ~Heave~.--N.W.

=Heaver=. Part of the old-fashioned winnowing tackle.--N.W.

*=He-body=. A woman of masculine appearance.--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Hecth=. Height (A.).

=Hedge-carpenter=. A professional maker and repairer of rail fences, &c. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iii).--N.W.

=Hedge-hog=. The prickly seed-vessel of _Ranunculus arvensis_, L., Corn Buttercup (_Great Estate_, ch. vii).--N.W.

=Hedge-peg=. The fruit of the Sloe, q.v. Cf. ~Eggs-eggs~.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

=Hedge-pick=, =Hedge-speäk=. See ~Sloe~.--N.W.

=Heeld=. See ~Heal~.

=Heft=. (1) _n._ The weight of anything as poised in the hand (A.B.C.M.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To weigh or test weight in the hand (A.B.), to lift.--N. & S.W.

=Hele=, =Heel=, =Hill=. (1) To pour out (A.B.H.Wr.), to serve out or dispense.--S.W. (2) See ~Heal~.

=Hellocky=. See ~Hullocky~.

=Helm= (1) See ~Elm~. (2) See ~Haulm~.

=Helyer=. A tiler. An old word, but still in use.--N.W.

=Hen-and-Chicken=. (1) _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.--N.W. (2) _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L., from its mode of growth.--N.W.

=Henge=. See ~Hinge~.

=Hen-hussey=. A meddlesome woman.--N.W.

=Here and there one=. 'I wur mortal bad aal the way [by sea] and as sick as here and there one.'--N. & S.W.

*=Herence=. Hence (A.B.).

=Hereright=. (1) Of time: on the spot, immediately (A.B.), the only use in N.W. (2) Of place: this very spot (S.).--S.W. (3) Hence (A.), probably a mistake.

=Hesk=. See ~Husk~.

=Het=. 'A main het o' coughing,' a fit of coughing.--S.W.

=Hetter=. See ~Heater~ (S.).

=He-woman=. The same as ~He-body~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

=Hicketty=. Hacking, as a cough.--S.W. ~Hacketty~.--N.W.

=Hidlock=. 'In hidlock,' in concealment. Akerman, by some mistake, treats this as verb instead of noun. 'Her kep' it in hidlock aal this time.'--N.W.

=Hike=. To hook or catch. 'I hiked my foot in a root.' See ~Hook~ and ~Uck~.--N.W.

=Hike off=. To decamp hastily, to slink off (A.B.C.S.); mostly used in a bad sense.--N. & S.W.

=Hile=. See ~Hyle~.

=Hill=. See ~Heal~.

=Hill-trot=. Apparently a corruption of ~Eltrot~. (1) _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. *(2) _Oenanthe crocata_, L., Water Hemlock.--S.W. (Charlton and Barford.)

=Hilp=. Fruit of the sloe.--N.W.

=Hilp-wine=. Sloe-wine.--N.W.

=Hilt=. A young sow kept for breeding (A.).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Hinge=, =Henge=. The heart, liver, and lungs of a sheep or pig (A.). In some parts of S. Wilts used only of the latter.--N. & S.W.

=Hinted= Harvested, secured in barn (D.). 'Never zeed a better crop o' wheat, if so be could be hinted well.' A.S. _hentan_, to seize on, to secure.--N.W.

=Hit=. (1) To bear a good crop, to succeed: as 'Th' apples hit well t' year.' Treated by Akerman as a noun instead of a verb.--N.W. (2) _v._ To pour out or throw out. 'You ought to het a quart o' drenk into 'ee.' 'Hit it out on the garden patch.'--N.W.

=Hitchland=. See ~Hookland~.

=Hitter=. A cow which is ill and appears likely to die is said to be 'going off a hitter.'--N.W.

=Hittery=. Of cows: suffering from looseness, ill.--N.W.

=Hobby=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck.--S.W. (Bishopstone.).

*=Hob-lantern=. Will-o'-the-Wisp (A.B.).

=Hock about=. To treat a thing carelessly; drag it through the mud. 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo a-hocken on your new vrock about.'--N.W. The usual form in S. Wilts is ~Hack-about~.

=Hocks=. (1) To cut in an unworkmanlike manner (A.). (2) To trample earth into a muddy, untidy condition.--N.W.

=Hocksy=, =Hoxy=. Dirty, muddy, miry.--N.W.

'It's about two miles in vine weather; but when it's hocksey
like this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'--_Wilts Tales_,
p. 179.

*=Hodmandod=, =Hodmedod=. _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.).

=Hodmedod=. (1) _n._ A snail.--N.W. (Mildenhall.) *(2) Short and clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmandod~.

=Ho for=. (1) To provide for. See ~Howed for~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard; Malmesbury.) (2) To desire, to long for. 'I did hankeran' ho a'ter 'ee zo.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Hog=. (1) n. Originally a castrated animal, as a hog pig (D.). (2) Now extended to any animal of a year old, as a chilver hog sheep (D.).

'We have wether hogs, and chilver hogs, and shear hogs ... the
word hog is now applied to any animal of a year old, such as a
hog bull, a chilver hog sheep.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xvii 303.

'1580 ... Una ovis vocata a hogge.'--SCROPE'S _History of
Castle Combe_.

(3) To cut a mane or hedge short (D.), so that the stumps stick up like bristles (_Village Miners_).--N. & S.W.

=Hogo=. (Fr. _haut goût_). A bad smell (_Monthly Mag._ 1814). Still frequently used of tainted meat or strong cheese.--N. & S.W.

*=Hollardy-day=. The 3rd of May. Apparently a perversion of 'Holy Rood Day.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Home, to be called=. To have the banns of marriage published.--S.W.

'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd whoam
to Jim Spritely on Zundy.'--_Slow._

=Honesty=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, occasionally. *~Maiden's Honesty~ (Aubrey's Wilts MS.).--N.W.

=Honey-bottle=. (1) Heather. (2) Furze. It is not clear which is intended in _Great Estate_, ch. i.

*=Honey-plant=. Some old-fashioned sweet-scented plant, perhaps the dark Sweet Scabious, which used to be known as 'Honey-flower' in some counties.

'In the garden, which was full of old-fashioned shrubs
and herbs, she watched the bees busy at the sweet-scented
"honey-plant."'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

Also see _Reproach of Annesley_, vol. i. p. 119, for Hants use of the name:--

'Sibyl bent over a honey plant encrusted with pink-scented
blossoms, about which the bees ... were humming--an
old-fashioned cottage plant.'

=Honey-suckle=. (1) _Lamium album_, L., White Dead Nettle, sucked by children for its honey.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) Also applied to both Red and White Clover, _Trifolium pratense_ and _T. repens._--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Hook=. Of a bull, to gore (S.). See ~Uck~.--N. & S.W.

'Compare _huck_, to push, lift, gore, Hants; and Prov. _hike_,
to toss.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

=Hookland= (or =Hitchland=) =Field=. A portion of the best land in a common field, reserved for vetches, potatoes, &c., instead of lying fallow for two years (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii). Parts of some fields are still known as ~Hooklands~ in S. Wilts, though the system has died out. Sometimes defined as 'land tilled every year.'--N. & S.W.

=Hoop=. _Pyrrhula vulgaris_, the Bullfinch (A.B.); also ~Red Hoop~.--N.W.

=Hoops=, or =Waggon-Hoops=. The woodwork projecting from the sides of a waggon so as to form an arch over the hind wheels.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Hooset=. See ~Housset~.

=Hop-about=. An apple dumpling (B.C.), probably from its bobbing about in the pot. Cf. ~Apple-bout~.--N.W.

=Hopper=. A grig (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. i).

=Horse-daisy=. _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy.--N. & S.W.

*=Horse-Matcher=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 150).

'Horse-matchers or stonechats also in summer often visit the
rick-yard.'--_Wild Life_, ch. x. p. 159.

=Horses=. In N. Wilts the orders given to a plough or team are as follows:--to the front horse, _Coom ether_, go to the left, and _Wowt_, to the right: to the hinder horse, _Wo-oot_, to the right, and _Gie aay_ or _Gie aay oot_, to the left. The orders to oxen are somewhat different.

=Horse-shoe=. _Acer Pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)

*=Horse's-leg=. A bassoon.

=Horse-Snatcher=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 152).--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

=Horse-stinger=, =Hosstenger=. The Dragon-fly (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

=Hound=. The fore-carriage of a waggon.--N.W.

=House=, =Houst=. To grow stout. 'Lor, ma'am, how you've a-housted!'--N.W.

=Housset=, =Hooset=, =Wooset=. (1) _n._ A serenade of rough music, got up to express public disapproval of marriages where there is great disparity of age, flagrant immorality, &c. See article on _The Wooset_ in _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 88; cp. _N. & Q._ 4 Ser. xi. p. 225. In Berks the 'Hooset' is a draped horse's head, carried at a 'Hooset Hunt.' See Lowsley's _Berks Gloss_.--N.W. (2) _v._ To take part in a housset.--N.W.

*=Howe=. _n._ 'To be in a howe,' to be in a state of anxiety about anything (C.). See ~Ho for~.--N.W., obsolete.

*=Howed-for=. Well provided for, taken care of (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

=Huckmuck=. (1) A strainer placed before the faucet in brewing (A.B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) _Parus caudatus_, the Long-tailed Titmouse (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 173).--N. & S.W. (3) General untidiness and confusion, as at a spring-cleaning. A very dirty untidy old woman is 'a reg'lar huckmuck.'--N.W.

=Hucks=, =Husks=. (1) The chaff of oats (_Village Miners_).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Grains of wheat which have the chaff still adhering to them after threshing, and are only fit for feeding poultry.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Hud=. (1) _n._ The husk of a walnut, skin of a gooseberry, shell of a pea or bean, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To take off the husk of certain fruits and vegetables. Beans are _hudded_ and peas _shelled_ for cooking.--N.W. (3) A finger-stall or finger of a glove (S.). Also ~Huddick~ (S.).--N. & S.W. (4) A lump or clod of earth.--N.W. Cf. ~Hut~.

=Huddy=, =Oddy=. Of soil, full of lumps and clods.--N.W.

*=Hudgy=. Clumsy, thick (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

=Hudmedud=. (1) _n._ A scarecrow (A.). In common use in N. Wilts.

'Mester Cullum i sends you back your saddell koz its such a
cusnashun rum looking hudmedud of a theng that pipl woll no it
direckly.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 79.

'"That nimity-pimity odd-me-dod!"... Little contemptible
scarecrow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. iii.

*(2) _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmedod~.

=Hullocky!= 'Hullo! look here!' exclamation denoting surprise, or calling attention to anything (S.). This is usually pronounced _Hellucky_, and is a contraction of 'Here look ye!' Also _Yellucks_.--N. & S.W.

'"Now which way is it?"... "Yellucks," said the boy, meaning
"Look here."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

'"This be the vinest veast ... as ever I zeed....
Yellucks!"--as much as to say, Look here, that is my
dictum.'--_Ibid._ ch. xi.

=Humbug=. A sweet or lollipop.--N.W.

=Humbuz=. A cockchafer.--N.W.

*=Humdaw=. To speak hesitatingly (_Village Miners_).

=Humming-bird=. _Regulus cristatus_, the Golden-crested Wren.--N.W. (Huish.)

'We always calls 'em humming-birds here, and they are
humming-birds!' said the school-children at Huish, in the most
decided manner, when cross-examined as to the Gold-crest.
Apparently the same use obtains in Devon, as Martin speaks of
the 'humming-bird' as occurring in certain localities about
Tavistock, which are assigned to the Gold-crest by other
writers. See MRS. BRAY'S _Description of Devon_, 1836, vol. ii.
p. 146.

*=Hummocksing=. Clumsy, awkward, loutish.

'She had a lover, but he was "a gurt hummocksing noon-naw" ...
a "great loose-jointed idiot."'--_Great Estate_, ch. iv.

=Humstrum=. A home-made fiddle (S.). Sometimes applied also to a large kind of Jew's-harp.--S.W.

=Hunch about=. To push or shove about.--S.W.

*=Hunder-stones=. Thunder-bolts (Aubrey's _Wilts, Roy. Soc. MS._). Probably either belemnites, or else the concretionary nodules of iron pyrites, called 'thunder-bolts' by the labourers, are here intended. See ~Thunder-stones~.

=Hunked=. See ~Unked~ (A.H.).

=Hurdle-footed=. Club-footed.--S.W.

=Hurdle-shore=. The same as ~Fold-shore~.--S.W.

=Hurkle=. To crowd together, as round the fire in cold weather. An old form of _hurtle_.

'_Hurtelyn_, as too thyngys togedur (al. _hurcolyn_, hurchyn
togeder). _Impingo_, _collido_.'--_Prompt. Parv._ c. 1440
(SMYTHE-PALMER).

=Husk=, =Hesk=. A disease of the throat, often fatal to calves. See ~Hask~.--N.W.

=Husks=. See ~Hucks~.

=Hut=. A lump of earth.--N.W. See ~Hud~ (4).

=Hutty=. Lumpy, as ground that does not break up well.--N.W.

=Hyle=, =Hile=, =Aisle=, &c. (1) _n._ A shock or cock of wheat, consisting of several sheaves set up together for carrying. The number of sheaves was formerly ten, for the tithing man's convenience, but now varies considerably, according to the crop. ~Tithing~ in N.W. ~Hile-a-whate~ (S.) The forms given by Davis, _aisle_, _aile_, and _isle_, seem purely fanciful, as also does the derivation there suggested, a _hyle_ being merely a single shock. In some parts of Wilts the shape and size of a hyle will depend largely on the weather at harvest-time. Thus in a stormy season it will usually be built compact and round, while in a calm one it may sometimes form a line several yards in length.--S.W.

''Tis merry while the wheat's in hile.'--BARNES, _Poems_.

(2) _v._ To make up into hyles. Wheat and rye are always hyled, and oats usually so, about Salisbury.--S.W.

=Ichila-pea=. The Missel-thrush: only heard from one person, but perhaps an old name.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Iles=. See ~Ailes~.

=Imitate=. To resemble. 'The childern be immitatin' o' their vather about the nause.' Participle only so used.--N.W.

=In-a-most=. Almost.--N. & S.W.

'It inamwoast killed our bwoy Sam.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 145.

=Innocent=. Small, neat, unobtrusive, as 'a innocent little primrose.' Virtually restricted to flowers.--N.W.

=Iron Pear=. _Pyrus Aria_, L., White Beam.--N.W. (Heddington, &c.) Iron-Pear-Tree Farm, near Devizes, is said to take its name from this tree.

*=Isnet=. _Alkanet bugloss_ (D.).

*=Ivors=. Hanging woods (_Slow_).--S.W. There would appear to be some misunderstanding here. The word may refer to the coverts on the hillside above Longbridge Deverill, which are known as _The Ivors_, the farm below being _Long Ivor Farm_. At Wroughton a field is called '_The Ivory_,' but this is perhaps a family name.

=Izzard=. The letter Z (A.S.). Still in use in S.W.

*=Jack=. A newt.--N.W. (Swindon.)

=Jack=, =Jack Ern=. _Ardea cinerea_, the Heron (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 395).--N.W. Also ~Moll 'ern~.

=Jack-and-his-team=. The Great Bear.--N.W. (Huish.) See ~Dick-and-his-team~.

=Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon=. _Tragopogon pratensis_, L., Goat's Beard.--N. & S.W.

=Jack-in-the-green=. (1) _Adonis autumnalis_, L., Pheasant's-eye.--S.W. (2) The hose-in-hose variety of Polyanthus.--N. & S.W.

=Jack-run-along-by-the-hedge=. _Alliaria officinalis_, Andrzj., Hedge Mustard.

=Jacky-Dinah=. _Sylvia sylvicola_, the Wood Warbler.--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

=Jacob's-ladder=. _Polygonatum multiflorum_, All., Solomon's Seal.--S.W. (Farley, &c.)

=Jag=. The awn and head of the oat. Oats are spoken of as 'well-jagged,' 'having a good jag,' 'coming out in jag,' &c.--N.W.

'The despised oats were coming out in jag ... in jag means the
spray-like drooping awn of the oat.'--_Round about a Great
Estate_, ch. i. p. 8.

=Jan-Chider=. See ~Johnny Chider~.

=Jarl=. To quarrel, to 'have words.'--N.W.

=Jaw-bit=. Food carried out in the fields by labourers, to be eaten about 10 or 11 o'clock.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Jee=. See ~Gee~.

=Jew-berry=. _Rubus caesius_, L., Dewberry; a corruption of the proper name (_Wild Life_, ch. xi).--N. & S.W.

=Jibbets=. Small pieces. 'You never did see such a slut! her gownd a-hangin' in dirty jibbets [rags] aal about her heels!'--N. & S.W.

*=Jiffle=. At Bishopston, N. Wilts, an old bell-ringer was recently heard to accuse the younger men of having got into a regular 'jiffle' (? confusion) while ringing. We have not met with the word elsewhere, but Hal. and Wright have _jiffle_, to be restless, var. dial.

=Jiggery-poke=. Hocus-pocus. ~Jiggery-pokery.~ Unfair dealing (S.): deception.--N. & S.W.

=Jigget=. _v._ To ride or walk at a jog-trot. 'Here we go a jiggettin' along.'--N. & S.W.

=Jiggetty=. _adj._ (1) Jolty, shaky. 'This be a ter'ble jiggetty train.'--N.W. *(2) Fidgetty (S.).--S.W.

=Jimmy=, =Sheep's Jimmy=. A sheep's head (S.).--N. & S.W.

*=Jimmy-swiver=. _n._ A state of trembling. Apparently connected with _whiver_ or _swiver_.--N.W.

'"Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I! I be all of a
jimmy-swiver," and she visibly trembled, which was what she
meant.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vii.

*=Jitch=, =Jitchy=. Such.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Jobbet=. A small load (A.).--N.W.

*=Jod=. The letter J (A.S.).

=Johnny Chider=, =Chan-chider=. The Sedge Warbler, _Salicaria phragmitis_. So called 'because it scolds so.'--S.W. Jan Chider (S.).

=Jolter-headed=. Wrong-headed; used generally of a jealous spouse. 'Her wur allus a jolter-headed 'ooman.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Jonnick=. Honest, fair, straightforward in dealings (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Joseph-and-Mary=. _Pulmonaria officinalis_, L., Common Lung-wort, the flowers being of two colours, red and blue.--N.W.

=Joy-bird=. The Jay, _Garrulus glandarius_. The name commonly used in N. Wilts for the Jay. Fr. _geai_.--N.W. (Savernake Forest, &c.)

=Jumble=. A kind of coarse dark brown sweetmeat (_My Old Village_).--N.W.

=Jumping Jesuses=. The long-legged water-flies, _Gerris_, which skim along the surface of streams.--N.W. (Hilmarton.)

=Junk=. A hunch of bread-and-cheese, &c.; a lump of wood or coal. A solid piece (S.).--N.W.

=Junket=. A treat or spree; still in use. When potatoes were not so common as now, a man would complain of his wife's 'junketing wi' the taters,' i.e. digging them up before they were ripe, as a treat for the children.--N.W.

=Just about=. Extremely. See ~About~ (1).--N. & S.W.

*=Jut=. To nudge, to touch (S.).--N.W.

=K=. _K_ sometimes becomes _t_, as _bleat_, bleak; _blunt_, blunk. Conversely, _t_ becomes _k_, as _sleek_, sleet.

=Keach=, &c. See ~Catch~ (1).

=Keavin=. See ~Cave~ (1).

=Keck=. To retch as if sick (A.); to cough; also ~Cack~.--N.W.

=Kecker=. The windpipe (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

=Kecks=. Dry stalks of hemlock (A.B.). Hemlock must here be taken to mean several of the larger _Umbelliferae_, and to include occasionally growing plants as well as dry stems. There are many variants of the word, as ~Keeks~ (A.), ~Kecksey~ (A.B.), ~Gix~ (A.B.H.Wr.), ~Gicksies~ (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii), ~Gicks~ (_Great Estate_, ch. v).--N. & S.W.

=Keep=, =Kip=. Growing food for cattle, &c. (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

=Kerf=. A layer of turf or hay (A.B.C.). A truss of hay.--N.W.

=Ketch=. See ~Catch~ (1).

=Keys, or Keyn=. Fruit of ash and sycamore (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

*=Kibble=. *(1) To chip a stone roughly into shape (A.). Cf. Glouc. _cabble_, to break smelted pig-iron into small pieces, before proceeding to draw it into bar-iron. *(2) To cut up firewood (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 210).--Obsolete.

=Kid=. (1) _n._ The cod or pod of peas, beans, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To form pods; used of peas and beans. _Well-kidded_, of beans or peas, having the stalks full of pods (D.).--N. & S.W.

=Kidney-stones=. Dark water-worn pebbles (_Eulogy_, p. 28).--N.W.

='Kin=. The same as ~Ciderkin~.

=Kind=. Some woods and soils 'work kind,' i.e. easily, pleasantly.--N.W.

=King's-cushion=. See ~Queen's-cushion~.

=Kiss-behind-the-garden-gate=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

=Kissing-gate=. A 'Cuckoo-gate,' or swing gate in a V-shaped enclosure.--N. & S.W.

=Kiss-me-quick=. _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur Valerian.--N.W.

*=Kite's Pan=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis.--S.W. (Farley.)

=Kitty Candlestick=. _Ignis fatuus_, Will-o'-the-Wisp. ~Kit of the Candlestick~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 17, ed. Brit.).--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Kiver=. A cooler used in brewing (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

=Knacker=. To snap the fingers. Nacker (H.Wr.)--S.W.

=Knap=, =Knop=. (1) _v._ To chip stone, as formerly in making a gun-flint.--N.W. (2) _n._ A little hill; a steep ascent in a road (S.). This is really a Devon use.--S.W. (Dorset bord.)

=Knee-sick=. Of wheat, drooping at the joints, from weakness in the straw (D.).--N.W.

=Knee-socked=. Corn beaten down by storms is 'knee-socked down.'--N.W. See ~Knee-sick~.

=Knit=. Of fruit, to set. 'The gooseberries be knitted a'ready.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Knitch=, =Nitch=, =Niche=, &c. Usually spelt incorrectly, without the _k_. M.E. _knucche_, Germ. _knocke_: used by Wycliffe, also in _Alton Locke_, ch. xxviii. (1) _Nitch_, a burden of wood, straw, or hay (A.B.), such a faggot as a hedger or woodman may carry home with him at night; a short thick heavy chump of wood (_Village Miners_). Hence a fine baby is spoken of as 'a regular nitch' (_Ibid._). A bundle of gleaned corn (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) 'He has got a nitch,' is intoxicated, has had as much liquor as he can carry (A.B.). Compare:--

'He's got his market-nitch.'--_Tess of the D'Urbervilles_, vol.
i. p. 19.

=Knot Couch=. _Avena elatior_, so called from the roots sometimes looking like a much-knotted cord or a string of beads.--N.W.

=Koomb=. See ~Comb~ (S.).

=Ladies-and-Gentlemen=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Leades an Genlmin (S.).--N. & S.W.

*=Ladies'-balls=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--S.W. (Charlton.)

*=Ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot Trefoil.--N.W. (Enford.)

=Ladies-in-white=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.

=Lady-cow=. The Ladybird.--N.W.

=Lady's-cushion=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

=Lady's-finger=. (1) Applied generally to _Lotus corniculatus_ and _Hippocrepis comosa_, and occasionally also to _Lathyrus pratensis_. 'Leades vingers, the wild Calceolaria' (S.), probably refers to one of these flowers.--N. & S.W. (2) _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin): N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

*=Lady's-glove=. 'The Greater Bird's-foot.'--S.W.

=Lady's-nightcap=. The flower of _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed (A.B.).

=Lady's-petticoat=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Mere.)

=Lady's-ruffles=. The double white Narcissus.--N.W.

=Lady's-shoe=. _Fumaria officinalis_, L., Common Fumitory.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)

=Lady's-slipper=. Applied generally to the same plants as Lady's-finger.

*=Lain=. Of a smith, to dress the wing and point of a share (D.). See ~Lay~ (4).

=Laiter=, =Loiter=. A full laying or clutch of eggs. The whole number of eggs produced by a hen at one laying, before she gets broody and ceases to lay.--N.W.

=Lake=. A small stream of running water.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

=Lambkins=. Catkins of hazel.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)

=Lamb's-cage=. A crib for foddering sheep in fold (D.).--N.W.

=Lamb's-creep=. A hole in the hurdles to enable the lambs to get out of the fold.--N.W.

=Lamb's-tails=. Catkins of willow and hazel.--N. & S.W.

=Land=. The 'rudge,' or ground between two water-furrows in a ploughed field.--N.W.

'The ploughman walks in the furrow his share has made,
and presently stops to measure the "lands" with the
spud.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vii. pp. 130-1.

*=Landshard=. The strip of greensward dividing two pieces of arable in a common field (D.).

=Land-spring=. A spring which only runs in wet weather (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. v. p. 109).--N.W.

=Lane= (_a_ broad). A strip of grass, generally irregular, bounding an arable field.--N.W. (Devizes.)

*=Lannock=. A long narrow piece of land (A.H.Wr.).

=Lanshet=. See ~Linch~.

*=Lark's-seed=. _Plantago major_, L., Greater Plantain.--S.W. (Charlton.)

*=Latter Lammas=. An unpunctual person (S.)--S.W.

'When a person is habitually late and unpunctual, folks
say--"What a Latter Lammas thee beest, ta be sure!"'--_Letter
from Mr. Slow._

=Lattermath=. Aftermath (A.B.). ~Lattermass~ at Cherhill.--N.W.

=Lave=. (1) Of a candle, to gutter down (H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) To splash up water over yourself, as in a bath. 'Lave it well over ye.'--N.W.

=Law=. In N. Wilts, when speaking of relations-in-law, the _in_ is always omitted, as ~brother-law~, ~father-law~, &c., the only exception being ~son-in-law~.

=Lay=. (1) _To lay a hedge_, to trim it back, cutting the boughs half through, and then bending them down and intertwining them so as to strengthen the fence (A.).--N. & S.W. (2) _To lay rough_, to sleep about under hedges like a vagabond.--N. & S.W. (3) _To lay up a field_, to reserve it for mowing.--S.W. (4) _To lay a tool_, to steel its edge afresh. This appears to be the same as Davis's _lain_, which is probably a contraction of _lay in_. At Mildenhall you often hear of _laying_ or _laying in_ a pickaxe, and the word is to be traced back for a century or more in the parish accounts there.--N. & S.W. (5) An idle dissipated man is said to _lay about_.--N.W.

=Laylocks=. Usually _Syringa vulgaris_, L., Lilac, but rarely applied to _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock, in S. Wilts.

*=Lay-over=. A wooden bar, or a rope, used to fasten tackle together.

'Two or three horses go abreast, each drawing a harrow
diagonally, all the harrows being fastened together with a
lay-over or rider.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. v.

=Leach=. A strand of a rope.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Lear=, =Leer=. (1) Empty (A.B.C.G.).--N. & S.W. (2) Hence, craving for food, hungry (A.C.S.).--N. & S.W. ~Leary~ is the usual form on the Som. bord.

'I never eat but two meals a day--breakfast and supper ... and
I'm rather lear (hungry) at supper.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.
i.

'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,
Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 97.

=Learn=. To teach. 'I'll learn 'ee to do that again, you young vaggot!' 'Her do want some 'un to learn she, 'stead o' she learnin' we!' In general use in Wilts.--N. & S.W.

=Lease=, =Leaze=, &c.: sometimes used with a prefix, as ~Cow-leaze~, ~Ox-leaze~. (1) As much pasture as will keep a cow (B.).--N. & S.W. (2) A large open pasture. ~Legh~, ~Lease~ (Aubrey); ~Leaze~ (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii).--N. & S.W.

=Lease=. To glean (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

=Lease-bread=. Bread made from lease-corn.--N.W.

=Lease-corn=. Wheat collected by gleaning.--N.W.

=Leaser=. A gleaner.--N. & S.W.

=Ledged=. See ~Lodged~.

=Lemfeg=. An Elleme fig (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

'A cure-peg, a curry-peg,
A lem-feg, a dough-feg.'--_Wilts Nursery Jingle._

*=Length=, =Lent=. A loan (A.B.). *~Lenth~ (S.).

=Let-off=. To abuse.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

'Maester let I off at a vine rate.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.
xxii. p. 111.

=Lew= (pronounced _Loo_). (1) _adj._ Warm (H.).--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ Shelter (A.B.C.S.). 'Get in the lew,' i.e. into a place sheltered from the wind. A.S. _hleo_, _hleow_.--N. & S.W.

=Lewis's Cat=. A person suspected of incendiary habits. Many years ago fires are said to have occurred so frequently on the premises of a person of this name (whose _cat_ sometimes had the blame of starting them), that the phrase passed into common use, and a suspected man soon 'got the name of a Lewis's Cat,' now corrupted into 'Blue Cat.'--S.W.

=Lewth=. Warmth (A.B.C.). Usually restricted to the sun's warmth, but in _Cunnington MS._ applied to a thin coat, which 'has no lewth in it.'--N.W.

=Lew-warm=. Luke-warm.--N. & S.W.

=Libbet=. A fragment (S.). 'All in a libbet,' or 'All in libbets and jibbets,' torn to rags.--N. & S.W. Also ~Lippet~.

*=Liberty=. _v._ To allow anything to run loose. 'It don't matter how much it's libertied,' the more freedom you can give it the better.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

=Licket=. 'All to a licket,' all to pieces.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

*=Lide=. The month of March (A.). A.S. _hlýda_, _hlýdamonath_, the stormy month, from _hlúd_, boisterous, noisy (so Grein). This has nothing to do with _lide_ or _lithe_, mild, whence come the A.S. names for June and July. See _N. & Q._ Feb. 6, 1892.

=Lieton=. See ~Litton~.

=Lill=. To pant as a dog (A.B.H.).--N.W.

=Lily=, or =Lilies=. (1) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--S.W. (Farley and Charlton.) (2) _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford.)

=Limb=, =Limm=. (1) _n._ A ragged tear (_Village Miners_).--N.W. (2) _v._ To tear irregularly, to jag out (_Ibid._).--N.W.

=Limbers=. The shafts of a waggon (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Linch=, =Linchet=, =Lynch=, =Lanshet= (N.W.), =Lytchet= (S.W.), =Linchard=, &c. (S.). A.S. _hlinc_, a bank. For articles on Lynchet, Linchet, or Linch, see _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xii. 185, and xv. 88. Also articles and letters in _Marlborough College Natural History Report_ and _Marlborough Times_, 1892, Seebohm's _Village Community_, and Britten's _Old Country Words_. In an old MS. schedule of land at Huish, N.W., '_Lanshes and borders_,' i.e. turf boundary banks and field margins, are enumerated. (1) Certain terraces, a few yards wide, on the escarpment of the downs, probably the remains of ancient cultivation, are locally known as ~Lynches~ or ~Lynchets~.--N. & S.W. (2) The very narrow ledges, running in regular lines along the steep face of a down, probably made by sheep feeding there, are also frequently so called.--S.W. (3) A raised turf bank dividing or bounding a field.--S.W. (4) A strip of greensward dividing two pieces of arable land in a common field (D.).--N. & S.W. (5) An inland cliff, cf. 'The Hawk's Lynch' (_Tom Brown at Oxford_); occasionally applied to a steep slope or escarpment, as at Bowood and Warminster.

*=Linchard= A precipitous strip of land on a hillside, left unploughed (_Spring-tide_, pp. 79 and 186). See ~Linch~. Cf. A.S. _hlinc_, a bank; and perhaps _sceard_, a piece or portion (Skeat).

*=Lined=. Of an animal, having a white back (D.).

=Linet=. Tinder (H.Wr.). Tinder was made of linen.--N.W., not long obsolete.