Chapter VIII: Introduction (6)

=Stub=. (1) _n._ A stump of a tree; a projecting root.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ In walking, to strike the foot against a stub or projecting root.--N.W. *(3) _v._ 'To stub off,' to cut off a bush or tree close to the ground (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. x). (4) 'Stubs,' stubble, as _wheat-stubs, barley-stubs_ (D.).--N.W.

=Stubbed=. A 'stubbed' broom is one much worn down by use, as opposed to a new one.--S.W.

*=Stuck=. A spike (A.).

=Stud=. _v._ To ponder over, think about. 'Don't 'ee stud upon 't so much.'--N. & S.W.

=Studdle=. To stir up water so as to make it thick and muddy.--N. & S.W.

=Studdly=, =Stoddly=. Thick, as beer before it settles after moving.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

*=Stultch=. A crutch, a boy's stilt (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2). (H.Wr.). Stelch in Glouc.--Obsolete.

=Stun=. _v._ To cause to make no growth. 'Grass was stunned in its growth this season' (1892).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Potterne, &c.)

=Sture=. See ~Stewer~.

=Suant=. See ~Sewent~.

=Succour=. (1) _n._ Shelter; a sheltered place. A tender plant is set 'in the succour of the wall'; and cattle on a cold wet day get 'in the succour of the hedge.' ''Tes gwain' to rain, for the wind's down in the succours,' i.e. hollows and sheltered places generally. On bleak parts of the Downs the cottages are mostly to be found in the succours.--N.W. (Huish, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

'Goddard the elder being a copyholder of lands in Eylden within
the Manner of Ogburne near adjoyning to His Majesties Chace
being a place that in winter time was a special and usual
succour for preserving the breed of young deer belonging to the
Chace.'--Extract from _Bond_ v. _Goddard and others_, 1636. See
_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiii. p. 259.

(2) _v._ To shelter. An old-fashioned bonnet is said to 'succour' the ears. A cold wind cuts up cabbages, except where they are 'succoured' by bushes or walls.--N.W.

=Suck-blood=. The Common Leech. ~Zuckblood~ (S.).--S.W.

=Suffer=. To punish, to make to suffer. 'I'll suffer you, you young rascal!'--N.W.

*=Suffy=. To draw a deep and quick breath.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Sugar-codlins=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb.--N.W.

=Suggy=. Wood that is soaked with wet is said to be 'suggy.' See ~Sog~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

*=Suity=. Even, regular (A.B.).

*=Sultedge=. A coarse apron, worn by poor women (A.B.C.). ~Sultredge~ (H.Wr.). By which is probably intended that the apron is made of _sultedge_, or a kind of coarse sheeting.--N.W.

*=Summer field=. See quotation.

'In the four-field system, where the clover is sown the second
year, and mowed the third, the field becomes in the fourth year
what is called, in Wiltshire, a summer field.'--_Agric. of
Wilts_, ch. vii.

*=Summer ground=. See quotation.

'A custom upon two farms ... of feeding six oxen through the
full range of all the summer ground belonging to the hither
Beversbrook ... being the Home Close, the Middle Marsh, the
Course Marsh, the Upper Lease, and Brewer's Lease; through the
full range likewise of such summer grounds as belong to the
yonder Beversbrook to be put in at Mortimers Gate and to feed
to Burfurlong Corner, through all the afore mentioned grounds
from the third of May to Michaelmas.'--_Hilmarton Parish
Terrier_, 1704. See _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

=Summer rick=. A windmow, or very large cock of hay, thrown up in the field, to remain there some time (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv).--N.W.

=Summers= or =Bed-summers=. See ~Waggon~.

=Summer Snipe=. _Totanus hypoleucos_, Common Sandpiper.--N. & S.W.

=Sungreen=. _Sempervivum tectorum_, L., Houseleek. Occasionally Singreen in S. Wilts, and Silgreen in N. Wilts. A.S. _singréne_.--N. & S.W.

*=Swaft=. Thirst (H.Wr.). Probably from Fr. _soif_.

*=Swank=. To work in a slow lazy fashion, to idle. 'Her bain't no good for _your_ place, ma'am, her do go swanking about so over her work.'--S.W. (Salisbury.)

*=Swankey=. *(1) _adj._ Boisterous, swaggering, strutting (A.B.H.Wr.). *(2) _n._ Weak beer; drink (S.).--S.W.

=Swash=, =Swosh=. (1) _n._ A torrent or great rush of water.--N.W.

'A man in answer to my question of _how_ the rain seemed to
fall, said, "It came down in _swashes_," and I think it may
also be said that occasionally the wind came in _swashes_
too.'--_The Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. vi.
p. 380.

(2) _v._ To swill out. 'I've bin swoshing out the back-kitchin.'--N.W.

*=Sweeps=. _Hypericum calycinum_, L., Large-flowered St. John's Wort.--S.W. (Farley.)

=Sweet-briar=. The young succulent suckers of any rose, which are peeled and eaten by children.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

*=Sweeten=. Some land requires _sweetening_, or chalking, to take out the acidity, before it will bear barley (_Agric. Survey_).

=Sweethearts=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass, because its burs have such an affectionate way of clinging to one.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

=Swilter=. To smoulder away to ashes, without breaking into flame (A.B.).--N.W.

*=Swittle=. To cut or whittle (A.H.Wr.).

=Sythe=. To sigh (A.B.).--N.W.

=T=. _Thr_, at the beginning of a word, is usually sounded as _dr_, as _draish_, _dree_. After liquids _d_ or _t_ will often be added, as _varmint_, vermin; _sarment_, sermon; _steart_, a steer; _dillard_, thiller. _F_ and _v_ sometimes become _th_, as _thetches_ for fitches or vetches. _Th_ will also occasionally become _Ss_, as _lattermass_, latter-math. Conversely, _Ss_ rarely becomes _th_, as _moth_, moss.

=Tack=. (1) A shelf, as _chimney-tack_ (A.B.C.).--N.W. (2) Pasture for horses and cattle (A.B.).--N.W. (3) 'Out to tack,' at agistment, applied to cattle that are put out to keep by the week or month.--N.W.

=Tackle=. Stuff, any material, as food, solid or liquid (A.). 'This here yale be oncommon good tackle'; or dress material, 'Haven't 'ee got any gingham tackle?' (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). Also used of food for cattle.--N.W.

'Thaay [the sheep] be goin' into th' Mash to-morrow.... We be
got shart o' keep.... Thur's a main sight o' tackle in the Mash
vor um.'--_Green Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

=Taffety=. Dainty in eating (S.).--S.W.

=Tag=. (1) When a lawn-mower or barrow is too heavy for one man to manage alone, a rope is attached for a boy to draw by, who is said to 'pull tag.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _n._ A game played by boys. One touches another, saying _Tag!_ and the touched person has then to run after and touch another, who becomes _Tag_ in his turn.--N. & S.W. *(3) _v._ To tease, to torment (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

=Tail=. (1) _n._ The whole skirt of a woman's dress. 'Hev 'ee got ar' a owld taail to gie I, Miss?'--N. & S.W. (2) 'Seconds' of flour (_Great Estate_, ch. vi); also ~Tailing-flour~.--N.W. (3) ~Tail-ends~ or ~Tailings~. Refuse wheat, not saleable in market, kept for consumption on the farm (A.B.G.); also ~Tail~, ~Tailing-wheat~, and ~Tailens~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Tail Pole=. See ~Waggon~.

*=Take=. _n._ The sciatica (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--Obsolete.

=Take up=. Of weather, to become fine.--N. & S.W.

=Tallet=, =Tallot=. A hay-loft over a stable (A.B.G.S.). Welsh _taflod_.--N. & S.W. See _N. & Q._ 8th Ser. iv. 450, &c.

*=Tamed=. 'By that time the ground will be tamed.' Said in Lisle's _Husbandry_ to be a Wilts agricultural term, but not there explained.

=Tan=. _Then_ is so pronounced in such phrases as _Now'-an'-Tan_ and _Twitch-an'-Tan_.

=Tang=. (1) 'To tang the bell,' to pull it (A.).--N.W. (2) 'To tang bees,' to follow a swarm, beating a fire-shovel or tin pan (A.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To make a noise (S.).--S.W. (4) _n._ A small church bell is a ~Ting-Tang~.--N.W.

=Tankard=. A sheep-bell.--N.W. It is said that the whole of the 'tankards' in use in England are made at Great Cheverell.

'Hilary ... turned back, remarking, "It's Johnson's flock; I
know the tang of his tankards." The flat-shaped bells hung
on a sheep's neck are called tankards, and Hilary could
distinguish one flock from another by the varying notes of
their bells.'--_Great Estate_, ch. vi. p. 123.

*=Tasker=. A tramping harvester or casual labourer who works by the piece (_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 24).

*=Tawney=, =Ta'aney=. The Bullfinch, _Pyrrhula vulgaris_.--N.W.

=Tazzle=. _n._ 'Her hair be aal of a tazzle,' in great disorder, all tangled and knotted and tousled.--N.W.

=Tear=. (1) A rage. 'He wur in just about a tear.'--S.W. (2) In N. Wilts old folk used formerly to _tear_ their crockery, and _break_ their clothes, but _tear_ now seems obsolete in this sense there.--N. & S.W.

=Teart=. (1) Painfully tender, sore, as a wound (A.).--N.W. (2) Stinging, as a blister.--N.W. (Rowde.) (3) Tart, as beer turning sour (S.): acrimonious. See _Addenda_.--S.W.

=Ted=. To throw about hay for the first time (D.S.).--N. & S.W.

=Teel=, =Tile=. To place anything leaning against a wall (A.B.H.Wr.). Generally used with _up_, as 'Teel it up agen th' wall, wull 'ee?'--N.W.

=Teft=. The same as ~Heft~ (A.B.C.)--N.W.

=Teg-man=. A shepherd.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

'I am a teg-man (or shepherd) in the employ of Mr.
White.'--_Wilts County Mirror_, October 28, 1892, p. 8, col. 5.

=Temper=. 'To temper down dripping,' to melt it and refine with water.--N.W.

=Temtious=. Tempting, inviting.--N. & S.W.

*=Temzer=. A riddle or sieve. Cp. Fr. _tamis_.--Obsolete.

'A temzer, a range, or coarse searche: Wilts.'--_MS. Lansd._
1033, f. 2.

=Tentful=. Attentive, careful.--N.W.

=Terrible=. Extremely. ''Tes a terr'ble bad harvest to-year.'--N. & S.W.

=Terrify=. (1) _v._ To worry, irritate, annoy; used especially of very troublesome children. 'The vlies be terrible terrifying.'--N. & S.W.

''Twer mostly losing of a hoss as did for 'em, and most al'ays
wi' bad shoeing. They gived 'em scant measure--shoed 'em too
tight, they did, a-terrifying o' the poor beasts.'--_Jonathan
Merle_, ch. xlviii. p. 520.

'Her own folks mightn't a-like so well to come and stay,
if ther was al'ays a terrifying old woman to put up
with.'--_Ibid_, ch. liv. p. 596.

'Her husband, who had been out in the fields, came home and
began to "terrify" her.'--_Marlborough Times_, November 26,
1892.

'I be turrivied wi' rheumatics.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

(2) _n._ A source of worry or trouble. A bed-ridden woman who has to get her neighbours to do everything for her is 'a terrible terrify' to them.--N.W. *(3) _v._ To injure, as a hailstorm does apple-blossom (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

=Tewley=, =Tuley=. Weakly (S.). Sickly, tired-looking.--S.W.

=Thatches=. See =Thetches=.

=Thauf=. Although, or although if; as 'A never vound un, thauf he'd gone dree lug vurder on, a cudden a bin off seein' on un.' Cp. Sauf.--N.W. (Malmesbury, etc.)

=Theave=. A ewe of the third year.

'We have wether hogs and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram
tegs, and theaves, and two-tooths, and four-tooths, and
six-tooths.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ ch. xvii. p. 303.

=There-right=. (1) 'Go straight forward,' order to a horse at plough (A.).--N.W. (2) On the spot.--N.W.

=Thert=. _v._ To plough land a second time, at right angles to the first ploughing, so as to clean it more effectually. Cp. _Thwart_.--N.W.

=Thetches=, =Thatches=. Vetches. _Lent thetches_ are an early spring kind.--N.W.

=Thill=, or =Dill=. The shaft of a cart.--N.W.

=Thiller=, =Diller=, =Thill-horse=. The shaft-horse of a team.--N.W.

=Thimbles=. _Campanula rotundifolia_, L., the Harebell.--S.W. (Hamptworth.)

=Thorough-pin=. The pin which fastens the waggon-bed to the carriage (D.). See Waggon.--N.W.

*=Three-pound-tenner=. The name given by bird-catchers about Salisbury to the 'Chevil' variety of Goldfinch, it being more valuable than the ordinary kind (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 203).--S.W.

=Threshles=. 'A pair of threshles, drashols, or flyals, a flail' (D.). The usual term for a flail. See ~Drashel~.--N. & S.W.

=Throw=. (1) _n._ 'A throw of timber,' the quantity felled at any one time.--N.W. (2) _v._ To fell timber (_Bevis_, ch. i).--N.W. (3) 'To throw a gin or snare,' to spring or set it off (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vi).--N.W.

=Thunder-bolts=, (1) The concretionary nodules of iron pyrites so frequently found in the chalk. See ~Gold~; also Thunder-stones in _Addenda_.--N. & S.W.

'The ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them
thunderbolts.--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

(2) Fossil belemnites.--N. & S.W.

=Thunder-flower=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c., Red Poppy.--S.W.

=Thunder-fly=. A black midge. So called because they appear mostly in thunder weather.--N. & S.W.

'Tiny black flies alighting on my hands and face, irritated
the skin; the haymakers call them "thunder-flies."'--_Great
Estate_, ch. v. pp. 96-97.

*=Thurindale=. A flagon holding about three pints (H.Wr.). M.E. _thriddendele_, a third part.--Obsolete.

=Thurtifer=. Unruly, self-willed (H.Wr.).--S.W.

=Ticky Pig=. The smallest pig of a litter.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Tid=. *(1) Lively, playful (B.G.). (2) Childish, affecting simplicity (A.), shy. 'Coom, coom, dwon't'e be tid' (A.). A.S. _tyddr_, tender, weak, imbecile.--N.W.

=Tiddle=. (1) _v._ To bring up a lamb by hand (A.). A.S. _tyddrian_, to nourish, feed.--N.W.

'"Shall I get a drap o' milk, and _tiddle_ un a leetle,
maester?" ... "Ha! to be sure! ... Put un into the basket ...
and get us a bottle wi' some milk." Tom, who had often assisted
the young lambs in the same way, soon procured the therewith
to fashion the pseudo teat, and master and man did their
best to perform the office of wet nurse to the unfortunate
foundling.'--_Wilts Tales_, pp. 5-6.

(2) _v._ To tickle (S.).--S.W.

=Tiddlin' lamb=. A lamb brought up by hand (A.). See ~Tiddle~ (1).--N.W.

*=Tiddy=. _adj._ Weakly, delicate. See ~Tiddle~ (1).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

=Tide-times=. Christmas, Easter, &c. 'He do have a drop, tide-times and that.'--N. & S.W.

=Tie=. Of wood, to pinch the saw while working.--N.W.

*=Tig=. A little pig (_Dark_, ch. i).--N.W., occasionally.

=Tile=. See ~Teel~.

=Tiller=. The upper handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw. See ~Box~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Tiller out=. To sprout out with several shoots, as wheat after being eaten off when young.--N. & S.W.

=Timersome=. Timid (A.S.).--N.W.

=Tine=. *(1) _v._ To light a fire or candle (A.C.). ~Tin'd~ (B.). Cf. A.S. _tendan, on-tendan_, to kindle, and E. _tinder_. *(2) To finish off a laid hedge or stake-fence by weaving in the top-band of boughs (A.B.). *(3) _v._ To divide or enclose a field with a hedge (A.B.C.). A.S. _týnan_.--N.W.

'To tine in a piece of waste ground is to enclose it with a
fence of wood or quickset.'--_Cunnington MS._

(4) _n._ A drag or harrow tooth (D.).--N.W. *(5) To give the ground two or three _tinings_ is to draw the harrow two or three times over the same place. See Cope's _Hants Gloss_.

'They drag it two, three, or four times, and harrow it four,
five, or six times, viz. (provincially speaking), they
give it "so many tine with the drag, and so many with the
harrow."'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii.

=Ting-tang=. A small church-bell (S.). See ~Tang~.--N.W.

*=Tining=. (1) _n._ A new enclosure made with a dead hedge (D.H. Wr.).--N.W. (2) _n._ A fence of wood, either brushwood, pale, or quickset (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

=Tippem=, =Tippum=. A game played by six boys, three on each side of the table. The centre one 'works the piece,' i.e. passes it from hand to hand up and down under his side of the table. Then all the hands are placed on the table, and the opposite side guesses which hand the 'piece' is in, and scores or loses a mark according as the guess is right or wrong. The 'piece' may be anything available, from a knife to a pebble or bean.--N.W.

=Tippy=, =Tippity=. Easily upset.--N. & S.W.

=Tistie-tostie=, =Tostie=. A child's name for both cowslip and cowslip-ball.--N. & S.W.

=Tithing=, =Tething=. A shock of ten sheaves, for convenience in tithe-taking (D.). The same as ~Hyle~.--N.W.

=Titty-wren=. The wren.--N.W.

*=Toads'-cheese=. Toadstool, fungus (A.).

*=Toads'-heads=. _Fritillaria Meleagris_, L., Snake's-head (_English Plant Names_).--N.W. (Minety.)

=Toads'-meat=. Toadstools; fungi (S.).--S.W.

=Toad-stabber=. A bad blunt knife (S.). Commonly used by boys about Clyffe Pypard.--N. & S.W.

=Todge=. Any thick spoon-meat, as gruel (A.B.C.). See ~Stodge~.--N.W.

=Token=. *(1) A fool (H.Wr.). (2) A 'young token' is a young rascal.--N.W. (3) Formerly used also as a term of endearment. A man would call his children his 'little tokens.'--N.W. (4) 'Blackberry-token,' the Dewberry.

=Toll=. To entice or decoy. ~Tawl~ (S.). 'Hev' a bit o' cheese, to toll the bread down wi', will 'ee?' Still in common use. A cow given to wandering, when she breaks out of bounds, generally 'tolls' the rest of the herd after her.--N. & S.W.

=Toll-bird=. (1) _n._ A trained decoy-bird; also a stuffed bird used as a decoy.--N. & S.W. (2) 'To give anything just as a toll-bird,' to throw a sprat to catch a mackerel. Tradesmen will sell some one article far below cost-price, as a toll-bird to attract custom.--S.W.

=Tom-bird=. The male of any bird is generally so called in N. Wilts.

=Tom Cull=. The Bullhead, _Cottus gobio_ (A.).--N. & S.W.

=Tommy=. Food in general (S.), especially when carried out into the fields.--N. & S.W.

=Tommy-bag=. The bag in which labourers take food out with them (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Tommy-hacker=. The same as Hacker.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

=Tommy-hawk=. A potato hacker. See ~Hacker~.--N.W.

*=Tom Thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot Trefoil.--S.W. (Mere.)

*=Tom Thumb's Honeysuckle=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot Trefoil (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

=Toppings=. Bran and mill-sweepings ground up together.--N.W.

=Totty=, =Tutty=, =Tutto=. A nosegay. Used all over Wilts, in slightly varying pronunciations, the stress sometimes falling on the first and sometimes on the last syllable. An apple-tree in full blossom is 'all a totty.' At Hungerford the tything-men are known as ~Tutti-men~, and carry ~Tutti-poles~, or wands wreathed with flowers. Minsheu's Dict., Eng. and Spanish ed. 1623, 'a posie or tuttie.'--N. & S.W.

=Touch=. Coarse brown paper soaked in saltpetre and dried, used instead of matches for lighting a pipe in the open air, the spark to kindle it being struck with a knife and a flint. Commonly used up to a very recent date.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Touchwood=. A boy's game, in which the pursued endeavours to escape by touching _wood_, i.e. tree or post, before his pursuer can seize him.--N. & S.W.

=Toward=. (1) Order to a horse to come towards you.--N.W. (2) Hence applied to anything near or leaning towards you (_Great Estate_, ch. viii).--N.W.

=Towardly=. Docile, as opposed to _froward_.--N.W.

=To-year=, =T'year=. This year. 'I bain't a-gwain' to set no taters to-year.'--N. & S.W.

=Traipse=, =Trapes=, =Traipsey=. (1) _n._ A slattern.--N. & S.W. (2) To walk in a slatternly manner; used chiefly of women.--N. & S.W.

*=Trammel Hawk=. _Falco peregrinus_, Peregrine Falcon (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 72).--S.W.

=Trant=. To move goods.--N.W.

=Tranter=. A haulier.--N.W.

=Trapes=. n. An untidy person (S.). See ~Traipes~.--N. & S.W.

*=Traveller's-ease=. _Achillea Millefolium_, L., Common Yarrow.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

=Tree-mouse=. _Certhia familiaris_, the Common Creeper.--S.W.

'It may be seen creeping like a mouse up and down the hole
of a tree. Hence it is known in the south of the county as
the "Tree-mouse.'"--_Birds of Wilts._, p. 259. #/ =Trendle=.
(1) _n._ A circular trough or tray in which bakers mix their
dough.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ Hence, a circular earthwork.--N.W.

'Chisenbury Camp, or Trendle, as it is vulgarly
called.'--BRITTON'S _Top. Descr. Wilts_., p. 407.

=Triangle=. 'To plant cabbages triangle,' to set them in _quincunx_ order.--N.W.

=Trig=. (1) _v._ To fasten, make firm (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (2) adj. 'Pretty trig,' in fairly good health.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

=Trigger=. The rod let down to '_trig up_' the shafts of a cart.--N.W.

*=Trim-tram=. A gate which swings in a V-shaped enclosure of post and rail, so as to prevent cattle from passing through.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

=Trins=. Calves' trins, i.e., calves' stomachs, are used in cheese-making.--N.W.

=Trip=. To take off in jumping.--N.W.

=Tripping=. The 'take-off' in jumping.--N.W.

'Sometimes they could not leap because the tripping was bad
... sometimes the landing was bad ... or higher than the
tripping.--_Bevis_, ch. v.

=Trounce=. To have the law of a man, to punish by legal process (A.B.S.); never used of physical punishment.--N.W.

=Truckle=. (1) _v._ To roll.--N.W. (2) _n._ Anything that may be rolled.--N.W. (3) _n._ A small cheese (S.)--N. & S.W.

=Truckle-cheese=. A small barrel-shaped cheese of about 6 or 8 lbs.--N. & S.W.

=Truckles=. (1) 'Sheep's-truckles,' sheep dung; the usual term in N. Wilts. Cf. 'trottles' in Linc., and 'trestles' in Sussex.--N.W. (2) 'To play truckles,' to roll anything, such as a reel, the top of a canister, &c., from one player to another, backwards and forwards.--S.W.

=Trumpery=. Weeds growing in cultivated ground.--N.W.

'If he'd a-let us have it rent free first year ('cause
that land wer all full o' trump'ry that high) we could ha'
done.'--Jonathan Merle, ch. xxxvii. p. 412.

=Tuck=. (1) 'To tuck a rick,' to pull out the uneven hay all round the sides, until they look smooth and even.--N.W. (2) To smart with pain (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W. (3) To blow gustily. 'The wind is so tucking to-day,' i.e. gusty, veering, blowing from all quarters, uncertain.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Tuffin=, =Tuffin-hay=, =Tuff-mowing=. Late hay made of the rough grass left by the cattle. ~Turvin~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

*=Tufwort=. Probably the nest of _Vespa Britannica_, which in hot summers has occurred frequently in our hedges in some parts of the county.

'Between Crookwood and what is called "The Folly," they
observed a large cluster in one of the fir-trees ... which
turned out to be a wasps' nest. The nest, which was nearly
as large as a quartern measure, was fully matured, and is
described by an expert in taking wasps' nests as what is known
as "the tufwort" nest. It consisted of three splendid cakes of
comb, enclosed in a web.'--Local Papers, July, 1893.

=Tugs=. Pieces of chain attached to the hames of the thiller, by which he draws.--N.W.

=Tuley=. See ~Tewley~.

=Tulip-tree=. _Acer pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore, the smell or taste of the young shoots being supposed by children to resemble that of the tulip.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

=Tump=. A hillock (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

=Tumpy=. Hillocky, uneven (A.)--N.W.

=Tun=. (1) _n._ Chimney, chimney-top (A.B.C.). 'Chimney-tun' (_Wild Life_, ch. viii).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To tun,' or 'to tun in,' to pour liquid through a 'tun-dish' into a cask.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Devizes, Huish.)

=Tun-dish=, or =Tun-bowl=. A kind of wooden funnel, like a small bucket, with hoops round it, and a tube at the bottom, used for pouring liquids into a cask.--N.W. (Devizes, Clyffe Pypard, Huish.) See _Measure for Measure_, iii. 2.

=Turf=. Refuse oak-bark from the tanner's, made into cakes for firing (B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (Marlborough, &c.)

*=Turn= or =Torn=. A spinning-wheel.--N.W. (obsolete). This word frequently occurs in the Mildenhall parish accounts, as:--

'1793. To Box and Spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 2_d_. To a Standard,
hoop 4 spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 3_d_. To a Hoop 3 spokes to a
Torn, 11 _d_. To 4 legs and standard a hope 5 spokes to Sal's
Torn, 2_s_. 7_d_. To Mending Bery's Torn, 1_s_. 6_d_. 1784.
Paid John Rawlins for a Turn, 3_s_.'

In 1809-10 the word _Turn_ gives place to _Spinning-wheel_.

*=Turnpike=. A wire set by a poacher across a hare's run (_Amateur Poacher_, chs. ii. and vii).--N.W.

=Turvin=. See ~Tuffin~.

=Tutto=. See ~Totty~.--N.W.

=Tutty=. See ~Totty~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

*=Tut-work=. Piece-work (S.).--S.W.

=Twinge=. (1) _n._ A long flat cake or loaf of bread.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _n._ A piece of dough, moulded for making into bread.--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Twire=. To look wistfully at anything (A.B.C.). 'How he did twire an' twire at she, an' her wouldn't so much as gie 'un a look!' In _Cunnington MS._ the word is said to have been in common use at that time in N. Wilts.

'The wench ... twired and twinkled at him.'--FLETCHER, _Women
Pleased_, p. 41.

'Compare Prov. Germ, _zwiren_, to take a stolen glance at a
thing.--SMYTHE-PALMER.

*=Twi-ripe=. Ripening unevenly (D.).

=Twit=. In cider-making, the same as ~Perkins~, q.v.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=T'year=. This year (A.S.) See ~To-year~.--N. & S.W.

=U=. _U_ is often sounded _ow_, as _fowsty_, fusty, _dowst_, dust, or chaff.

=Uck=. This very characteristic N. Wilts verb is used in many ways. Stable-litter is ucked about with a fork in cleaning out; weeds are ucked out of a gravel path with an old knife; a cow ucks another with the thrust of her horn; or a bit of cinder is ucked out of the eye with a bennet. See _Great Estate_, ch. iv, where it is said that anything stirred with a pointed instrument is 'ucked'; also _Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii. 'It is apparently not a perversion of _hook_, and should be compared with _huck_, to push, lift, gore, Hants; huck, a hard blow, Suss., and huck, to spread about manure (see Parish, _Sussex Gloss._). It is perhaps a by-form of Prov. _hike_, to toss, throw, or strike' (Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer).

=Unbelieving=. Of children, disobedient. 'He be that unbelieving, I can't do nothin' wi' un.'--N. & S.W.

=Under-creeping=. Underhanded.--S.W.

=Unempty=, =Unempt=, =Unent=. _v._ To empty (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Unked= or =Hunked=. Lonely (A.), but always with an idea of uncanniness underlying it. ''Tes a unked rwoad to take late o' nights.' Also ~Unkid~, ~Unkerd~ (B.C.), ~Unkert~ (C.), and ~Unket~ (B.).--N.W.

'The gamekeeper ... regards this place as "unkid"--i.e. weird,
uncanny.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv.

'Related to uncouth = (1) unknown, (2) strange, uncanny,
lonely.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

'What be the matter with thuck dog you? How he do howl--it
sounds main unkid!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. ix.

Here _unkid_=ominous and uncanny.

=Unthaw=. To thaw (S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

=Up-along=. A little way up the street or road (S.). See ~Down-along~.--N. & S.W.

=Upping-stock=. A horse-block (A.B.).--N.W.

=Upsides=. 'I'll be upzides wi' un!' I'll be even with him (S)., or a match for him.--N. & S.W.

=V=. Many words, as _Voreright_, usually pronounced with a V, will be found under ~F~.

=Vag=. To reap in the modern style, with a broad 'rip-hook' and a crooked stick, chopping the straw off close to the ground, so as to leave little or no stubble (_Walks in the Wheatfields_). True reaping should be done with the hand instead of the crooked stick.--N. & S.W.

=Vagging-hook=. The hook used in vagging.--N. & S.W.

=Vagging-stick=. The crooked stick, usually hazel, with which the corn is drawn towards the reaper in vagging (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv).--N. & S.W.

*=Valiant Sparrow=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 257).

=Vallens=. See ~Falling~ (S.).--S.W.

=Vamp=. To walk about (S.). Much more used in Dorset. 'I zeed she a-vamping half round the town.'--S.W.

*=Vamplets=. Rude gaiters to defend the legs from wet (A.H.). Cf. Bams. Also used in the New Forest. See _Cradock Nowell_, ch. xviii, 'Not come with me ... and you with your vamplets on, and all!' where the word is applied to shooting gaiters.--N.W.

=Veer=. (1) _n._ A furrow.--N.W. (Glouc. bord.) (2) _v._ 'To veer out the rudges,' to mark out with the plough the 'rudges' or 'lands' before ploughing the whole field.--N.W.

=Veer weather=. Chopping, changeable weather.

=Veldevare= or =Veldever=. See ~Velt~.

*=Vell=. The salted stomach of a young calf, used for making rennet.--N.W. (Malmesbury).

*=Velleys=. The drain where the eaves of a cottage meet.

=Velt=. The fieldfare. _Turdus pilaris_ (_Wild Life_, ch. xvi), the usual name for the bird in N. Wilts, there being a few local variants, as ~Vulver~ at Huish and ~Veldever~ at Clyffe Pypard. Also ~Veldevare~.--N.W.

'Tom was a regular gawney ... and went about wi' a handful o'
zalt to catch the veldevares.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 177.

=Vert=. See ~Plim~.

*=Vessel=. See quotation.--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

'To wash up the vessel (_sing._ not _pl._) is to wash up
plates, dishes, &c.'--Miss E. BOYER-BROWN.

=Vinney=. (1) _adj._ Mouldy (A.C.S.), as applied to bread or cheese. A.S. _fynig_. _Cunnington MS._ points out that it is only used of white or blue mould, never of black or rotten mould. It was said at Hill Deverill of a woman feigning to be bed-ridden, that 'she would lie there abed till she were vinney.' See ~Blue-vinnied~. (2) _adj._ Nervous. 'Do 'ee stop telling about they ghostises, or 'tull make I vinny.'--N. & S.W.

=Vlonkers=. See ~Flunk~ (S.).--S.W.

=Vrail=. The whip part of the old-fashioned flail.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Vrammards=, =Vrammerd=. (1) Order to a horse to go from you, as opposed to ~Toward~.--N.W. (2) Hence sometimes used as _adj._ by ploughmen and others in speaking of anything distant or leaning away from them (_Great Estate_, ch. viii), as a load of hay or corn with a list to the off.--N.W. (3) _n._ A _vrammerd_ is a blade set at right angles on a short handle, used for splitting laths or rails.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Vrow=. See ~Brow~.

*=Vuddles=, =Vuddels=. A spoilt child (A.B.C.H.). In Hants to _vuddle_ a child is to spoil it by injudicious petting.--N.W., obsolete.

=Vulver=. See ~Velt~.

=W=. Often not sounded at the beginning of a word. Thus _want_, a mole, becomes '_oont_, and _within_ and _without_ are usually _athin_ and _athout_.

=Waddle up=. To wrap up with an excess of clumsily arranged clothing; usually applied to infants.--N.W.

=Wag=. (1) 'To wag the Church bells,' to set them ringing. Also used of tolling the bell for a funeral.--N. & S.W. (2) To move (S.). 'I be that bad I can't scarce wag.'--N. & S.W. (3) In carrying, the boy who stands at the horses' heads, to move them forward as required, is said to 'wag hoss,' and the order given is 'wag on!'--N.W.

=Waggon=. The various parts of a waggon in N. Wilts bear the following names:--the bottom is the ~Waggon-bed~. The transverse pieces which support this over the ~Exes~ (axles) are the ~Pillars~, ~Peel~ (A.). The longitudinal pieces on each side on which the sides rest are the ~Waggon-blades~. The similar pieces under the centre of the bed are the ~Bed-summers~. The cross piece at the back into which the ~Tail-board~ hooks is the ~Shetlock~ or ~Shutleck~. The ~Tail Pole~ joins the front and hind wheels together underneath. The ~Hound~ is the fore-carriage over the front wheels. The ~Slide~ is the cross-bar on the tail of the 'Hound.' The ~Dripple~ is the strip running along the top of the side of the waggon from which over the hind wheels project the ~Waggon-hoops~, and over the front wheels the ~Raves~. The shafts are the ~Dills~ or ~Thills~. The ~Parters~ are detached pieces of wood at the side, joining the 'Dripple' to the 'Bed.' The ~Thorough-pin~ is the pin which fastens the 'Waggon-bed' to the 'Carriage.' Also see ~Arms~, ~Hoops~, ~Overlayer~, ~Sharps~, ~Draughts~, ~Limbers~, ~Strouter~, ~Ridge-tie~, ~Blades~, and ~Spances~.

=Wagtails=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass.--N. & S.W.

=Wag-wants=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass (S.). Also ~Weg-wants~, ~Wig-wants~, ~Wing-Wang~, and ~Wagtails~.--N. & S.W.

=Wake=. (1) _n._ The raked-up line (broader than a hatch or wallow) of hay before it is made up into pooks (_Wild Life_, ch. vii).--N.W. (2) _v._ To rake hay into wakes (D.).--N.W.

=Wake-at-noon=. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L., Star of Bethlehem.--N.W.

=Wallow=. (1) _n._ A thin line of hay (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). _Weale_ in Dorset. (2) _v._ To rake hay into lines.--N.W. =Want=. A mole (B.S.); also ~Woont~ (B.) and 'oont (Wilts Tales, p. 173; _Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii).--N. & S.W.

'1620. Itm. to William Gosse for killing of wants,
xijd.'--Records of Chippenham, p. 202.

=Want-catcher=, 'oont-catcher. _n._ A professional mole catcher.--N. & S.W.

=Want-heap=. A mole-hill.--N. & S.W.

*=Want-rear=. A mole-hill.--S.W.

=Waps=, =Wopse=. A wasp (A.S.). A.S. _wœps_.--N. & S.W.

=Warnd=, =Warn=. To warrant (A.S.). 'You'll get un, I warnd.'--N. & S.W.

=Warning-stone=. See ~Gauge-brick~. Also see _Addenda_.

=Wart-wort=. (1) _Chelidonium majus_, L., The Greater Celandine, the juice of which is used to burn away warts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Euphorbia Peplus_, L., Petty Spurge.--N.W.

=Wassail=. A drinking-song, sung by men who go about at Christmas wassailing (A.B.).--N.W.

=Wassailing=, =Waysailing=. Going about singing and asking for money at Christmas (A.B.).--N.W.

*=Wasset-man=. A scarecrow (A.B.G.H.Wr.); also ~Wusset~ (H.Wr.).--N.W.

=Watch=. If a hay-rick is so badly made that it heats, the owner is often so ashamed of it that he attempts to set the matter right before his neighbours find it out. If a passer-by notices him poking about the hay as if searching for something in it, the ironical question is asked--'Have you lost your watch there?'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) Cp. 'To drop your watch in the bottom of the rick.'--_Upton-on-Severn Words_, p. 34.

=Watchet=, =Wetched=, =Wetchet=. Wet about the feet. ~Wotshed~ at Cherhill. ~Wetched~ (A.).--N.W.

'Either way, by lane or footpath, you are sure to get what the
country folk call "watchet," i.e. wet.'--_Wild Life_, ch. vi.

'You'd best come along o' me to the lower lands ... for it
be mighty wet there these marnins, and ye'll get watshed for
certin.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p. 142.

*=Water Anemone=. _Ranunculus hederaceus_, L., Ivy-leafed Crowfoot.--S.W. (Zeals.)

*=Water-blobb=. _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., The Water-lily (A.B.). See ~Blobbs~.

*=Water-buttercup=. _Ranunculus Flammula_, L., Lesser Spear-wort.--S.W. (Zeals.)

=Water-Cuckoo=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock. See ~Cuckoo~.--S.W.

=Water-lily=. (1) _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--N. & S.W. *(2) _Ranunculus aquatilis_, L., Water Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton All Saints.)

*=Wayside-bread=. _Plantago major_, L., Plantain (_English Plant Names_). Cp. M.E. _wey-brede_ in the 'Promptorium.'

=Weather-glass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel. See ~Shepherd's Weather-glass~.--N. & S.W.

=Weeth=. (i) _adj._ Tough and pliable (A.B.C.S.).--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of bread, moist and yet not too soft. 'I puts my lease bread on the pantony shelf, and it soon gets nice and weeth.' Often pronounced as _wee_.--N. & S.W.

=Weffet=, =Wevet=. A spider.--S.W., occasionally.

=Weg-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

=Weigh-jolt=. A see-saw (A.B.H.Wr.).--Formerly in common use at Clyffe Pypard, N.W.

=Welch-nut=. A walnut (_MS. Lansd._).--N. & S.W.

*=Well-at-ease=. In good health, hearty.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Well-drock=. The windlass over a well.--S.W.

=West= (pronounced _Waast_). A stye in the eye. See ~Wish~.--S.W.

=Wheat-reed=. Straw preserved unthreshed for thatching (D.). See ~Elms~ and ~Reed~.--S.W., obsolete.

*=Wheeling=. 'It rains wheeling,' i.e. hard or pouring.--N.W. (Lockeridge.) =Whicker=, =Wicker=. (1) To neigh or whinny as a horse, bleat as a goat, whine as a dog, &c. (S.; _Village Miners_; _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 114).--N.W. (2) To giggle.--N.W. *(3) 'To find a wicker's nest,' to be seized with an irrepressible fit of giggling (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

*=Whip land=. Land not divided by meres, but measured out, when ploughed, by the whip's length (D.).

=Whippence=. The fore-carriage of a plough or harrow, &c. (D.).--N.W.

=Whipwhiles=. Meanwhile (S.). A Somersetshire word.--S.W.

=Whissgig=. (1) _v._ To lark about. Wissgigin, larking (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ A lark, a bit of fun or tomfoolery. 'Now, none o' your whissgigs here!'--N.W.

=Whissgiggy=. _adj._ Frisky, larky.--N.W.

*=White=. 'Cow white'=cow in milk. 'Calf white'=sucking calf.

'All the small tithes such as wool and lamb, cow white and
calf &c. throughout all parts of the parish unexpressed in the
several foregoing particulars. The usual rates at present being
fourpence a cow white--sixpence a calf ... the sheep, lambs and
calves are due at St. Mark's tide--the cow white, and fatting
cattle at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton Parish Terrier_, 1704. See
_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

Usually defined as above, but perhaps more correctly written as _cow-wite_ and _calf-wite_, i.e. the mulct or payment for a cow or calf.

'Tythes of Wool and Lambs and Calves, and three half pence
which is due and payable at Lammas being Composition Money for
the Tythe White of every Cow.'--_Wilcot Parish Terrier_, 1704.

As regards the ordinary derivation, compare _white-house_, a dairy, _white-meat_, milk, _whites_, milk.

'Wheatly (_On the Common Prayer_, ed. 1848, pp. 233-4) quotes
from a letter of one G. Langbain, 1650, as follows:--"certe
quod de Lacte vaccarum refert, illud percognitum habeo in
agro _Hamtoniensi_ (an et alibi nescio) decimas Lacticiniorum
venire vulgo sub hoc nomine, _The Whites of Kine_; apud
Leicestrenses etiam Lacticinia vulgariter dicuntur
_Whitemeat_."'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

=White Couch=. See ~Couch~.

=White-flower=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater Stitchwort.--N.W. (Huish.)

*=White-house=. A dairy (H.Wr.).

=White-livered=. Pale and unhealthy-looking (S.).--N. & S.W. At Clyffe Pypard the word has a yet stronger idea of disease about it, and a 'white-livered' woman is popularly supposed to be almost as dangerous as was the poison-nurtured Indian beauty who was sent as a present to Alexander the Great. How the 'whiteness' of the liver is to be detected is not very clear, but probably it is by the pallor of the face. At any rate, if you discover that a young woman is 'white-livered,' do not on any account marry her, because the whiteness of the liver is of a poisonous nature, and you assuredly will not live long with a white-livered young woman for your wife. It is most unhealthy, and if _she_ does not die, _you_ will! The word is so used of both sexes.

=White Robin Hood=. _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion.--S.W. (Zeals.)

=White-wood=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L., Mealy Guelder-rose.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) ~White-weed~.--S.W. (Farley).

*=Whitty-tree=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L. (Aubrey, _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 56, ed. Brit.)

=Whiver=. (1) To quiver, hover, flutter. ~Wiver~ (S.).--S.W. (2) To waver, hesitate.--S.W.

*=Who'say=, =Hoosay=. An idle report.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Wicker=. See ~Whicker~.

=Wig-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

=Wild Asparagus=. _Ornithogalum pyrenaicum_, L., Spiked Star of Bethlehem.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

=Wildern= (_i_ short). An apple-tree run wild in the hedges, as opposed to a true crab-tree.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

*=Wild Willow=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb (_Great Estate_, ch. ii).

=Will-jill=. An impotent person or hermaphrodite.--N.W. Compare _Wilgil_ and _John-and-Joan_ in Hal.

*=Willow-wind=. (1) _Convolvulus_, Bindweed (_Great Estate_, ch. viii). (2) _Polygonum Fagopyrum_, L., Buckwheat (_Ibid._).

=Wiltshire Weed, The=. The Common Elm. See notice in _Athenaeum_, 1873, of Jefferies' _Goddard Memoir_, also _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. x. p. 160. This is a term frequently occurring in books and articles on Wilts, but it would not be understood by the ordinary Wiltshire folk.

=Wim=. To winnow.--S.W.

=Wind-mow=. A cock of a waggon-load or more, into which hay is sometimes put temporarily in catchy weather (D.), containing about 15 cwt. in N. Wilts, and a ton elsewhere.--N. & S.W.

=Wing-wang=. See ~Wag-wants~.

=Winter-proud=. Of wheat, too rank (D.), as is frequently the case after a mild winter. See ~Proud~.--N.W.

=Wirral=, =Worral=, or =Wurral=. _Ballota nigra_, L., Black Horehound.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

=Wish=, =Wisp=. A sty in the eye.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

=Wissgigin=. See ~Whissgig~ (1).

=Withwind=, or =Withwine=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed, and other species (A.B.D.S.). ~Wave-wine~ or ~Wither-wine~ (_Cycl. of Agric._); ~Withywind~ on Som. border.--N. & S.W.

=Wivel=, =Wyvel=. To blow as wind does round a corner or through a hole.--N.W.

=Wivelly=, or =Wivel-minded=. Undecided, wavering, fickle, and untrustworthy (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

=Wiver=. See ~Whiver~.

=Womble=. _v._ To wobble about from weakness, &c. (_Dark_, ch. iv, where it is used of children who come to school without having had any breakfast).--N. &. S.W., occasionally.

=Wombly=. _adj._ Wobbly (_Dark_, ch. iv).

=Wonderment=. (1) _n._ A sight or pastime of any kind.--N.W. (2) _n._ Any occupation that appears fanciful and unpractical to the rustic mind. Thus a boy who had a turn for inventions, drawing, verse-making, butterfly-collecting, or anything else of a similar nature which lies outside the ordinary routine of a labourer's daily life, would be described as always 'aater his 'oonderments.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To play the fool, waste time over unprofitable work.--N.W.

*=Wood-sour=. _adj._ Of soil, loose, spongy. Also ~Woodsere~.--N.W., obsolete.

'The strong red land on the high level parts of the Downs ...
once wood-land, and sometimes expressly called "wood-sour"
land.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

'A poor wood-sere land very natural for the production of
oaks.'--AUBREY, _Miscell_. p. 211.

'It is a wood-sere country abounding much with sour and austere
plants.'--AUBREY, _Nat. Hist. of Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

=Wood-wax=. *(1) _Genista tinctoria_, L., Dyer's Greenweed (D.), Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, pp. 34 and 49, ed. Brit.--N. & S.W. (2) _Genista Anglica_, L., Needle Whin.--S.W. (Farley.)

=Wooset=. See ~Houssett~.

=Wooster-blister=. A smack in the face or box on the ear.--S.W. (Som. bord.) Cf. Som. ~Whister-twister~, and Dev. ~Whister-poop~.

*=Works=. In a water-meadow, the system of trenches and carriages by which the water is brought in and distributed (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).

=Worsen=. _v._ To grow worse. 'You be worsened a deal since I seen 'ee laast, I d' lot as you bean't a gwain' to live long.'--N. & S.W.

=Wosbird=. A term of reproach (A.),=_whore's brood_. There are many variants, as ~Hosebird~, ~Husbird~, and ~Oozebird~. Much commoner in Devon.--N. & S.W.

'They're a couple o' th' ugliest wosbirds in the vair.'--Wilts
Tales, p. 89.

In his _Dictionary of Provincial English_, Wright defines this as 'a wasp,' a mistake too amusing to be passed over! Probably his informant heard a rustic who had got into a wasp's nest, and been badly stung, 'danging they wosbirds,' and on asking what he meant by 'wosbirds' was told that they were the 'wopses,' and not unnaturally concluded that the two words were synonyms.

=Wout=. A carter's order to a horse to bear off. The opposite to Coom hether.

=Wrap=. _n._ A thin strip of wood. See ~Rap~.

=Wrastle=. To spread, as cancer, fire, roots, &c.--N.W.

'These fires are, or were, singularly destructive in
villages--the flames running from thatch to thatch, and, as
they express it, "wrastling" across the intervening spaces. A
pain is said to "wrastle," or shoot and burn.'--_Wild Life_,
ch. iv. p. 68.

*=Wreaths=. The long rods used in hurdle-making (D.).

=Wrick=, =Rick=. To twist or wrench. 'I've bin an' wricked me ankly.' M.E. _wrikken_.--N. & S.W.

=Wridgsty=. See ~Ridge-tie~.

=Wrist=. To twist, especially used of wringing the neck of a rabbit or fowl (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi).--N.W.

=Wug=, =Woog=. Order to a horse (S.).--N. & S.W.

=Wusset=. See ~Wasset-man~.

=Wusted=. Looking very ill, grown worse.--N.W.

=Y=. Many words beginning with H, G, or a vowel, are usually sounded with Y prefixed, as _Yacker_, acre; _Yeppern_, apron; _Yat_, or _Yeat_, gate; _Yeldin_, a hilding; and _Yerriwig_, earwig.

Verbs ending in _y_ often drop that letter. Thus empty and study become _empt_ and _stud_.

The free infinitive in _y_ was formerly much used, but is now dying out. It was used in a general question, as 'Can you _mowy_?' Were a special piece of work referred to, _mowy_ would not be correct, the question then being simply 'Can you _mow_ thuck there meäd?'

The following example of the 'free infinitive' is given in _Cunnington MS._:--

'There is also here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs
from Nouns, which are generally in use as apellations for
professions--take an Example. Well Mary, how do you get on
in Life? what do you and your family do _now_ to get a Living
in these times--Wy Zur we do aal vind Zummut to do--Jan, ye
know, he do _Smithey_ [work as a smith] Jin the beggist wench
do spinney the Little one do Lace makey--I do _Chorey_ [go out
as a Chore Woman] and the two Boys do Bird keepey--that is One
works as a smith--one spins one makes Lace one goes out as a
Chore woman & two are Bird keepers which Latter term were more
to the purpose if expressed Bird frightener or driver.'

=Yap=, =Yop=. (1) To yelp as a dog (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) To talk noisily. 'What be a yopping there for?'--N.W.

*=Yard-land=. Land sufficient for a plough of oxen and a yard to winter them; an ancient copyhold tenure (D.).--Obsolete.

*=Yard of land=. A quarter of an acre, because formerly, in common lands forty poles long, the quarter acre was a land-yard wide (D.).--Obsolete.

=Yea-nay=. 'A yea-nay chap,' one who does not know his own mind.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

=Yeemath=. Aftermath (B.). ~Youmath~ (A.B.). ~Yeomath~ (A.H.Wr.). Probably = _young math_, cp. _young grass_ in W. Somerset. Cp. ~Ea-math~, ~Ameäd~ at Cherhill, ~Ea-grass~ in S. Wilts.--N.W.

=Yees=. An earthworm. See ~Eass~.

=Yelding=, =Yeldin=. n. A hilding (A): a woman of bad character (_Wilts Tales_, p. 3).--N.W.

'I've allus bin respectable wi' my women volk, and I wun't ha'e
no yeldin' belongin' to ma.'--_Dark_, ch. xix.

=Yellucks=. See ~Hullocky~.

=Yelm=, =Yelms=. See ~Elms~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

*=Yellow-cups=. Buttercups in general.--S.W. (Zeals.)

=Yellow-Thatch=. _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow Vetchling.--N. & S.W.

*=Yoke=. See ~Fork~ (_Wild Life_, ch. vi).

=Yop=. See ~Yap~.

*=You=. This word is often thrown in at the end of a sentence, sometimes as a kind of query--'Don't you think so?'--but usually to give a strong emphasis to some assertion.--N.W.

'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.
i.

'Fine growing marning, you.'--_Ibid._ ch. i.

'That be a better job than ourn, you.'--_Hodge and his
Masters_, ch. vii.

=Yuckel=, =Yuckle=. A woodpecker (A.H.Wr.). So called from its cry, _Yuc_, _yuc_.--N.W.

=Yaught=, =Yawt=. To swallow, to drink. 'There's our Bill--he can yaught down drenk like anything,' or 'He can yaught a deal.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &c.)

=Z=. Among the old people _S_ is still usually sounded as _Z_, as _Zaat_ or _Zate_, soft; _Zound_, to swoon; _Zorrens_, servings, &c. See _S_ for many such instances.

*=Zaad-paul=. This term used to be commonly applied about Aldbourne to an utterly good-for-nothing fellow, but is gradually dying out now. It probably means 'soft head.' See ~Saat~.

*=Zam=. To heat anything for some time over the fire, without letting it come to the boil.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

=Zammy=. (1) _n._ A simpleton, a soft-headed fellow (S.).--S.W. *(2) _adj._ 'Zammy tea,' half-cold, insipid tea.--N.W. (Hullavington.)

=Zam-zodden=. Long-heated over a slow fire, and so half spoilt. This and the last two words belong to Som. rather than Wilts. A.S. _sām-soden_, half boiled.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

ADDENDA

=Afterclaps=. Consequences, results. ~Atterclaps~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

=All-amang=. _Add_:--

'Zweethearts, an wives, an children young,
Like sheep at vair, be ael among.'
E. SLOW, _Smilin Jack_.

=All as is=. All there is to be said, the final word in the matter. Used when giving a very peremptory order to a labourer to carry out your instructions without any further question. 'Aal as is as you've a-got to do be to volly on hoein' they turmuts till I tells 'ee to stop!'--N.W.

=Along of=. (1) On account of. ''Twer aal along o' she's bwoy's bad ways as her tuk to drenk.'--N. & S.W. (2) In company with. 'Here, you just coom whoam along o' I, an I'll gie 'ee summut to arg about!'--N. & S.W.

=Aloud=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Altrot=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. See ~Eltrot~.--S.W. (Zeals.)

=Apple-scoop=. A kind of scoop or spoon, made from the knuckle-bone of a leg of mutton, and used for eating apples, the flavour of which it is supposed to improve.--N.W.

=At=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

=Away with=. _Add_:--N. & S.W.

*=Babes-in-the-Cradle=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

=Bachelor's Buttons=. _Add_:--*(3) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Garden Columbine.--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Back-friends=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Bag=. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

=Bake-faggot=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Bannix=. To drive away poultry, or to hunt them about. 'Go an' bannix they vowls out.' 'Dwon't bannix about they poor thengs like that!'--S.W.

=Barley-buck=. A boy's game, played by guessing at the number of fingers held up.--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Bash=, =Bashet=. At Harnham, Salisbury, a small raised footpath is known as the Bashet, while at Road certain houses built on the upper side of a similar footpath, close to the boundary line dividing Wilts and Somerset, are spoken of as being 'on the Bash.'

=Bay=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

*=Bayle=. Some plant which we cannot identify.--Obsolete.

'In this ground [near Kington St. Michael, grows]
bayle.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 49, ed. Brit.

=Bee-hackle=. The straw covering of a hive. See ~Hackle~ (2)--S.W.

*=Belly-vengeance=. _Add_:--Also used of very inferior cider.

=Bennets=. (1) _Add_:--S.W.

=Bird's-eye=. _Add_:--(4) _Veronica Buxbaumii_, Ten., Buxbaum's Speedwell.--S.W. (Charlton.)

=Bivery=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Bleat=. _Add_:--S.W.

*=Blicker=. To shine intermittently, to glimmer. 'I zeen a light a blickerin' droo th' tallot dwoor.'--S.W.

=Blind-house=. _Add_:--N. & S.W., obsolete.

=Blooms=. Flushes in the face. 'Ther you knaws as I do allus get the hot blooms ter'ble bad.'--S.W.

=Bolster-pudding=. A roly-poly pudding.--N.W.

*=Bookin='. See ~Buck~.

=Bossy=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Boys=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Brash=, =Braish=. Of weather, cold and bracing.--N.W.

=Brashy=. Full of small stones and grit. 'Th' vier wer ter'ble braishy 'smarnin',' the coal was bad and stony.--N.W.

=Bread-and-Cheese=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Break=. (1) _Add_:--Still used in this sense at Deverill, S.W. (2) Of a spring, to rise.--N. & S.W.

'When the springs doe breake in Morecombe-bottom, in the north
side of the parish of Broade Chalke, which is seldome, 'tis
observed that it foretells a deer yeare for corne.'--AUBREY'S
_Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 34, ed. Brit.

=Breeding-bag=. The ovary of a sow.--N.W.

=Brevet=. (1) _Add_:--'Brevettin' into other folks' business.'--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Brimmer=. A broad-brimmed hat.--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Brit=, =Brittle out=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

=Broken-mouthed=. Children are said to be 'broken-mouthed,' when they are losing their teeth.--N.W.

=Broom=. 'I bain't a-gwain to hang out the broom,' I intend to be very particular as to character, &c., before engaging any servants or labourers.--N.W. (Wedhampton.) In Berks, 'to hang th' brum out o' winder,' means that the wife is away, and so the husband is at liberty to entertain any bachelor friends of his who like to drop in.

=Buck=. _Add_:--At Deverill 'Bookin'' is used instead, a 'good bookin' o' clothes' being a large wash.--S.W.

=Buck-hearted=. Of cabbages, the same as ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Budget=. The leather pouch in which a mower carries his whetstone.--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Bunt-lark=. The Common Bunting.--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Buttercup=. _Add_:--N.W. (Huish); S.W. (Charlton.)

*=Butter-flower=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.

'The watered meadows all along from Marleborough to Hungerford,
Ramesbury, and Littlecot, at the later end of April, are yellow
with butter flowers.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.
Brit.

=Buzzel-hearted=. A cabbage or broccoli plant that has lost its eye is said to be 'buzzel-hearted.' Compare ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W.

=Caddling=. _Under_ (3) _add_:--'A caddlin' place' is one where as soon as a servant begins one piece of work he or she is called off to another, and can never get a chance of finishing anything off satisfactorily.--N. & S.W.

=Call over=. To publish the banns.--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Callus= or =Callis=. _v._ To become hard, as soil in frosty weather: to cake together (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N. & S.W.

=Cank=. _Add_:--*(2) _n._ Idle gossip.

=Canker=. (1) _Add_:--Also ~Cankie~.

=Cankers=. 'The baby hev a-got the cankers,' viz. white-mouth or thrush.--N.W.

=Carpet=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Cart=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Chap=. _Add as example_:--'Hev 'ee zeed how thuck ther ground is aal chapped wi' th' dry weather? They chaps be so gashly big, the young pa'tridges 'ull purty nigh vall in.'

=Chin-cough=. The whooping cough.--N.W.

=Chip=. _Add_:--See Davis's _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 262.

=Clacker=. _Add_:--(2) A couple of pieces of wood, rattled together to scare birds off the crops.--N. & S.W.

=Clam=. (1) To over-fill and choke up anything, as a water-pipe. The throat sometimes gets quite 'clammed up' with phlegm.--N.W. (2) To surfeit any one with food.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

=Clamp about=. To stump about noisily.--N.W.

=Clean-and-wholly=. Entirely. ''Tes aal gone clean-an'-wholly out o' she's yead!'--N.W.

=Cleaty=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Clinkerballs=. Balls of dried dung or dirt in a sheep's wool.--S.W. (Wilton, &c.)

=Cloddy=. _Add as example_:--'He's a cloddy sart o' a chap.'

=Clogweed=. _Add_:--(2) _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--S.W.

=Cludgy=. Clingy, sticky; used especially of bad bread.--N. & S.W.

=Collets=. Young cabbage plants. A man will say in spring, 'I got a good lot o' collets, but they bean't cabbages.'--N.W.

=Come away=. To spring up.--N.W.

'Owing to the long drought [barley] came away from the ground
at different periods, which will, without doubt, materially
injure the sample for malting purposes.'--_Devizes Gazette_,
June 22, 1893.

=Comical=. _Add_:--Round Warminster everything but a tom-cat is _he_.

=Conigre=. _Add_:--Other localities which may be noted are Blacklands, Winterbourne Bassett, and Mildenhall. See Smith's _Antiq. N. Wilts_.

=Conks=, =Conkers=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Count=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Coward=. _Dele_ *, and _add_:--Clyffe Pypard.

*=Cow-down=. _Add_:--On the Ordnance Map there are 'Cow-downs' marked at Deverill, Wylye, Steeple Langford, and Westbury.

*=Creeping Jane=. _Lysimachia Nummularia_, L., Moneywort.--N.W. (Heddington.)

=Creep-mouse=. To play 'creep-mouse,' to tickle babies and make them laugh.--N.W.

=Criddlin Pudden=. A kind of pudding, made of the nubbly bits left over when pigs' fleck has been boiled and pounded and strained. _Crittens_ in Berks.--N.W.

=Crutch=. (1) A large earthen jar, such as butter is potted in. Cf. Critch.--N. & S.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) A cheese-pan.--N.W.

*=Cuckoo-pint=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's smock.--S.W. (Charlton.)

=Daffy=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Devil's-ring=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Devourous=. Ravenous.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

=Dicky-birds=. After S.W. _add_:--(Deverill.)

=Dillcup=. _Add_:--*(2) _Ranunculus acris_, L., Meadow Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton, Little Langford.)

=Do=. To thrive (used reflexively). 'He does (_o_ pronounced as in the infinitive) hissel well, dwon't he?' said of an animal that does credit to its owner by the way in which it thrives.--N. & S.W.

=Doer=. A pig that thrives well, even on poor food, is a 'good doer,' while a 'bad doer' refuses to fatten, give it what you will.--N. & S.W.

=Dog, how beest=? _Add_:--Also used at Deverill, S.W.

=Dog-in-a-blanket=. A roly-poly pudding--N.W.

=Dough-fig=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

*=Down-lanterns=. Heaps of chalk, marking the tracks from village to village over the downs, to prevent people going astray at night.--S.W.

=Drashel=. _Dele_:--As two men generally work together.

*=Draw-sheave=. (Pronounced _Draa-sheave_.) A wheelwright's draw-knife.--S.W.

*=Druck=. n. 'A druck of people,' a great crowd.--S.W. (Wilton.)

=Drug=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--~Drugshoe~ at Deverill, S.W.

=Duck's-frost=. _Add_:--Ironically used at Deverill, as, 'Ther'll be a frost to-night.' 'Ah, a duck's-frost,' viz. none at all.--S.W.

=Dumble=. _Add_:--~Dummil~ (C.).

=Dunch-dumpling=. _Add_:--S.W.

*=Elm-stock= (_Yelm-stock_). A forked stick for carrying straw for thatching.--S.W.

=Enemy=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone. So generally used in Wilts that it seems advisable to note it, in spite of its being a mere corruption.--N. & S.W.

=Ent=. See ~Ploughing terms~.

=Faggot=. _Add_:--Used as a general term of abuse.--S.W.

=Falling=. _Add_:--This requires some slight modification. 'We'm a-gwain to ha' a vallen' seems to be restricted to snow; but when there is some doubt as to what sort of weather is coming, the phrase would be 'A vallen o' zum zart,' or 'zum vallen,' thus covering snow, rain, or hail.

*=Feggy=. Fair.--N.W., obsolete.

'Their persons [in North Wilts] are generally plump and
feggy.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

=Fiddler's-money=. Small change (threepenny and fourpenny bits).--N. & S.W.

*=Fiddle-sticks=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

=Fighting-cocks=. _Add_:--_Plantago lanceolata_, L., Ribwort Plantain.--S.W. (Charlton.)

=Firk=. (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Flashy heats=. Hot flushes, that come and go when one is feverish and weak, as a woman after her confinement.--N.W.

=Flask=. A limp straw-basket used to carry food and tools. Used in Glouc.--S.W., occasionally.

=Flip=, =Flip-tongued=. Smooth-spoken, glib.--N.W.

=Folly=. _Add_:--In Berks the word is frequently applied to a round clump of fir-trees on a hill.

=For=. _Add_:--S.W.

=Friggle=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) *=Furze-tacker= (_Vuzz-tacker_). _Saxicola rubetra_, the Whinchat.--S.W.

=Fussicky=. Fussy, fidgetty.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

=Gallows-gate=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

=Gawley=. _adj._ Patchy: used especially of root-crops that grow unequally.--S.W., in common use.

=Gay=. _Add_:--(2) In good health. 'I do veel main gay agean 'smarnin', but I wur gashly bad aal laas' wick wi' th' rheumatiz.'--N. & S.W.

=Get out=. To 'get out' a drawn or carriage in the water meadows is to clean it well out and make up the banks. To 'get out' a set of posts and rails is to cut them out and prepare them for putting up.--N. & S.W.

=Gibbles=. _Add_:--Underground Onions.