Chapter XXIV: Introduction (18)

Hakka, ethnic group
Hami, city state
Han, dynasty
Later Han dynasty
Han Fei Tz[)u], philosopher
Han T'o-wei, politician
Han Yü, philosopher
Hankow (Han-k'ou), city
Hangchow (Hang-chou), city
Heaven (_see_ Shang Ti, T'ien)
Hermits (_see_ Monks, Sages)
Hinayana, religion
Historians
Histories, dynastic
falsification of histories
Historiography
Hitler, Adolf, dictator
Hittites, ethnic group
Ho Ch'êng-t'ien, scholar
Ho-lien P'o-p'o, ruler
Ho Ti, Han ruler
_hong_, association
Hong Kong, colony
Hopei, province
Horse
horse chariot
horse riding
horse trade
Hospitals
Hou Ching, ruler
Houses (_see_ Adobe)
Hsi-hsia, kingdom
Hsi-k'ang, Tibet
Hsia, dynasty
Hunnic Hsia dynasty
(_see_ Hsi-hsia)
Hsia-hou, clan
Hsia Kui, painter
Hsiao Tao-ch'eng, general
Hsiao Wu Ti, Chin ruler
Hsieh, clan
Hsieh Hsüan, general
Hsien-feng, period
Hsien-pi, tribal federation
Hsien Ti, Han ruler
Hsien-yün, tribes
Hsin, dynasty
Hsin-an merchants
_Hsin Ch'ing-nien_, journal
Hsiung-nu, tribal federation (_see_ Huns)
Hsü Shih-ch'ang, president
Hsüan-tê, period
Hsüan-tsang, Buddhist
Hsüan Tsung, T'ang ruler
Manchu ruler
Hsüan-t'ung, period
Hsün Tz[)u], philosopher
Hu, name of tribes (_see_ Huns)
Hu Han-min, politician
Hu Shih, scholar and politician
Hu Wei-yung, politician
Huai-nan Tz[)u], philosopher
Huai, Ti, Chin ruler
Huan Hsüan, general
Huan Wen, general
Huang Ch'ao, leader of rebellion
Huang Ti, ruler
Huang Tsung-hsi, philosopher
Hui-chou merchants
_hui-kuan_, association
Hui Ti, Chin ruler
Manchu ruler
Hui Tsung, Sung ruler
Hui Tz[)u], philosopher
Human sacrifice
Hung Hsiu-ch'üan, leader of rebellion
Huns (_see_ Hu, Hsiung-nu)
Hunting
Hutuktu, religious ruler
Hydraulic society

_i-chuang_, clan manors
Ili, river
Imperialism (_see_ Colonialism)
India (_see_ Brahmans, Bengal, Gandhara, Calcutta, Buddhism)
Indo-China (_see_ Cambodia, Annam, Laos).
Indo-Europeans, language group (_see_ Yüeh-chih, Tocharians,
Hittites)
Indonesia, (_see_ Java)
Industries
Industrialization
Industrial society
(_see_ Factories)
Inflation
Inheritance, laws of
Intellectuals (_see_ Élite, Students)
Investments
Iran (Persia)
Iron
Cast iron
Iron money
(_see_ Steel)
Irrigation
Islam (_see_ Muslims)
Istanbul (Constantinople)
Italy
Japan (_see_ Meiji, Tada, Tanaka)
Java
Jedzgerd, ruler,
Jehol, province,
Jen Tsung, Manchu ruler
Jesuits
Jews
_Ju_ (scribes)
Juchên (Chin Dynasty, Jurchen)
Juan-juan, tribal federation
Jurchen (_see_ Juchên)

K'ai-feng, city (_see_ Yeh, Pien-liang)
Kalmuk, Mongol tribes (_see_ Ölöt)
K'ang-hsi, period
K'ang Yo-wei, politician and scholar
Kansu, province (_see_ Tunhuang)
Kao-ch'ang, city state
Kao, clan
Kao-li, state (_see_ Korea)
Kao Ming, writer
Kao Tsu, Han ruler
Kao Tsung, T'ang ruler
Kao Yang, ruler
Kapok, textile fibre
Kara Kitai, tribal federation
Kashgar, city
Kazak, tribal federation
Khalif (_see_ Caliph)
Khamba, Tibetans
Khan, Central Asian title
Khocho, city
Khotan, city
King, position of
first kings
religious character of kingship
(_see_ Yao, Shun, Hsia dynasty, Emperor, Wang, Prince)
Kitan (Ch'i-tan), tribal federation (_see_ Liao dynasty)
Ko-shu Han, general
Korea (_see_ Kao-li, Pai-chi, Sin-lo)
K'ou Ch'ien-chih, Taoist
Kowloon, city
Ku Yen-wu, geographer
Kuan Han-ch'ing, writer
Kuang-hsü, period
Kuang-wu Ti, Han ruler
Kub(i)lai Khan, Mongol ruler
Kung-sun Lung, philosopher
K'ung Tz[)u] (Confucius)
Kuomintang (KMT), party
Kuo Wei, ruler
Kuo Tz[)u]-hsing, rebel leader
Kuo Tz[)u]-i, loyal general
Kyakhta (Kiachta), city

Labour, forced (_see_ Corvée)
Labour laws
Labour shortage
Lacquer
Lamaism, religion
Land ownership (_see_ Property)
Land reform (_see chün-t'ien, ching-t'ien_)
Landlords
temples as landlords
Language
dialects
Language reform
Lang Shih-ning, painter
La Tz[)u], philosopher
Laos, country
Law codes (_see_ Li K'ui, Property law, Inheritance, Legalists)
Leadership
League of Nations
Leibniz, philosopher
Legalists (_fa-chia_)
Legitimacy of rule (_see_ Abdication)
Lenin, V.
Lhasa, city
Li An-shih, economist
Li Chung-yen, governor
Li Hung-chang, politician
Li K'o-yung, ruler
Li Kuang-li, general
Li K'ui, law-maker
Li Li-san, politician
Li Lin-fu, politician
Li Lung-mien, painter
Li Shih-min (_see_ T'ai Tsung), T'ang ruler
Li Ss[)u], politician
Li Ta-chao, librarian
Li T'ai-po, poet
Li Tz[)u]-ch'eng, rebel
Li Yu, writer
Li Yu-chên, writer
Li Yüan, ruler
Li Yüan-hung, politician
Liang dynasty, Earlier
Later Liang
Northern Liang
Southern Liang
Western Liang
Liang Ch'i-ch'ao, journalist
_liang-min_ (burghers)
Liao, tribes,
Liao dynasty (_see_ Kitan)
Western Liao dynasty
_Liao-chai chih-i_, short-story collection
Libraries
Lin-chin, city
Lin-ch'uan, city
Lin Shu, translator
Lin Tsê-hsü, politician
Literati, (_see_ Scholars, Confucianists)
Literature (_see pien-wen, pi-chi_, Poetry, Drama, Novels, Epics,
Theatre, ballads, Folk-tales, Fables, History, Confucians, Writers,
Scholars, Scribes)
Literary revolution
Liu Chi, Han ruler
Liu Chin-yüan, ruler
Liu Chin, eunuch
Liu Hsiu (_see_ Kuang wu Ti), Han ruler
Liu Lao-chih, general
_liu-min_ (vagrants)
Liu Pang (_see_ Liu Chi)
Liu Pei, general and ruler
Liu Shao-ch'i, political leader
Liu Sung, rebel
Liu Tsung-yüan, writer
Liu Ts'ung, ruler
Liu Yao, ruler
Liu Yü, general
emperor
Liu Yüan, sculptor
emperor
Lo Kuan-chung, writer
Loans, to farmers
foreign
Loess, soil formation
Logic
Long March
Lorcha War
Loyang (Lo-yang), capital of China
Lu, state
Lü, empress
Lu Hsiang-shan, philosopher
Lu Hsün, writer
Lü Kuang, ruler
Lü Pu, general
Lü Pu-wei, politician
Lun, prince
_Lun-heng_, book
Lung-men, place
Lung-shan, excavation site
Lytton Commission
Ma Yin, ruler
Ma Yüan, general
painter
Machiavellism
Macao, Portuguese colony
Mahayana, Buddhist sect
Maitreya, Buddhist deity (_see_ Messianic movements)
Malacca, state
Malaria
Managers
Manchu, tribal federation and dynasty
Manchuria
Manichaeism, Iranian religion
Manors (_chuang, see_ Estates)
Mao Tun, Hsiung-nu ruler
Mao Tse-tung, party leader
Marco Polo, businessman
Market
Market control
Marriage systems
Marxism
Marxist theory of history
(_see_ Materialism, Communism, Lenin, Mao Tse-tung)
Materialism
Mathematics
Matrilinear societies
Mazdaism, Iranian religion
May Fourth Movement
Medicine
Medical doctors
Meditation (_see_ Ch'an)
Megalithic culture
Meiji, Japanese ruler
Melanesia
Mencius (Meng Tz[)u]), philosopher
Merchants
foreign merchants
(_see_ Trade, Salt, Caravans, Businessmen)
Messianic movements
Metal (_see_ Bronze, Copper, Iron)
Mi Fei, painter
Middle Class (_see_ Burgher, Merchant, Craftsmen, Artisans)
Middle East (_see_ Near East)
Migrations
forced migrations
(_see_ Colonization, Assimilation, Settlement)
Militarism
Militia
Millet
Mills
Min, state in Fukien
Ming dynasty
Ming Jui, general
Min Ti, Chin ruler
Ming Ti, Han ruler
Wei ruler
Later T'ang ruler
Minorate
Missionaries, Christian (_see_ Jesuits)
Mo Ti, philosopher
Modernization
Mohammedan rebellions (_see_ Muslim)
Mon-Khmer tribes
Monarchy (_see_ King, Emperor, Absolutism, Despotism)
Monasteries, Buddhist
economic importance
Money
Money economy
Origin of money
paper money
(_see_ Coins, Paper, Silver)
Mongolia
Mongols, tribes, tribal federation, dynasty (_see_ Yüan dynasty,
Kalmuk, Tümet, Oirat, Ölöt, Naiman, Turgut, Timur, Genghiz, Kublai)
Monks, Buddhist
Monopolies
Mound-dwellers
Mu-jung, tribes
Mu Ti, East Chin ruler
Mu Tsung, Manchu ruler
Mulberries
Munda tribes
Music (_see_ Theatre, Dance, Geisha)
Muslims
Muslim rebellions
(_see_ Islam, Mohammedans)
Mysticism

Naiman, Mongol tribe
Nan-chao, state
Nanyang, city
Nanking (Nan-ching), capital of China
Nanking regime
Nationalism (_see_ Kuomintang)
Nature
Nature philosophers
Navy
Near East (_see_ Arabs, Iran, etc.)
Neo-Confucianism
Neolithicum
Nepal
Nerchinsk, place
Nestorian Christianity
Ni Tsan, painter
Nien Fei, rebels
Niu Seng-yu, politician
Nobility
Nomadic nobility
(_see_ Aristocracy)
Nomadism
Economy of nomads
Nomadic society structure
Novels

Oil
Oirat, Mongol tribes
Okinawa (_see_ Ryukyu)
Ölöt, Mongol tribes
Opera
Opium
Opium War
Oracle bones
Ordos, area
Orenburg, city
Organizations (_see hui-kuan_ Guilds, _hong_, Secret Societies)
Orphanages
Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
Ou-yang Hsiu, writer
Outer Mongolia

Pagoda
Pai-chi (Paikche), state in Korea
Pai-lien-hui (_see_ White Lotus)
Painting
Palaeolithicum
Pan Ch'ao, general
_pao-chia_, security system
Paper
Paper money
(_see_ Money)
Parliament
Party (_see_ Kuomintang, Communists)
Pearl Harbour
Peasant rebellions (_see_ Rebellions)
Peking, city
Peking Man
Pensions
People's Democracy
Persecution, religious
Persia (Iran)
Persian language
Peruz, ruler
Philippines, state
Philosophy, (_see_ Confucius, Lao Tz[)u], Chuang Tz[)u],
Huai-nan Tz[)u], Hsün Tz[)u], Mencius, Hui Tz[)u], Mo Ti,
Kung-sun Lung, Shang Tz[)u], Han Fei Tz[)u], Tsou Yen, Legalists,
Chung-ch'ang, T'ung, Yüan Chi, Liu Ling, Chu Hsi, Ch'eng Hao,
Lu Hsiang-shan, Wang Yang-ming, etc.)
_pi-chi_, literary form
_pieh-yeh_ (_see_ Manor)
Pien-liang, city (_see_ K'ai-feng)
_pien-wen_, literary form
Pig
Pilgrims
P'ing-ch'êng, city
Pirates
Plantation economy
Plough
Po Chü-i, poet
Po-hai, state
Poetry
Court Poetry
Northern Poetry
Poets (_see_ T'ao Ch'ien, Po Chü-i, Li T'ai-po, Tu Fu, etc.)
Politicians, migratory
Pontic migration
Population changes
Population decrease
(_see_ Census, Fertility)
Porcelain
Port Arthur, city
Portsmouth, treaty
Portuguese (_see_ Fu-lan-chi, Macao)
Potter
Pottery
black pottery
(_see_ Porcelain)
Price controls
Priests (_see_ Shamans, Ju, Monks)
Primogeniture
Princes
Printing (_see_ Colour, Book)
Privileges of gentry
Proletariat (_see_ Labour)
Propaganda
Property relations (_see_ Laws, Inheritance, Primogeniture)
Protectorate
Provinces, administration
_pu-ch'ü_, bondsmen
P'u-ku Huai-en, general
P'u Sung-lin, writer
P'u Yi, Manchu ruler
Puppet plays

Railways
Manchurian Railway
Rebellions (_see_ Peasants, Secret Societies, Revolutions)
Red Eyebrows, peasant movement
Red Guards
Reforms; Reform of language (_see_ Land reform)
Regents
Religion
popular religion
(_see_ Bon, Shintoism, Persecution, Sacrifice, Ancestor cult,
Fertility cults, Deities, Temples, Monasteries, Christianity, Islam,
Buddhism, Mazdaism, Manichaeism, Messianic religions, Secret
societies, Soul, Shamanism, State religion)
Republic
Revolutions; legitimization of revolution (_see_ Rebellions)
Ricci, Matteo, missionary
Rice
Rifles
Ritualism
Roads
Roman Empire
Roosevelt, F.D., president
Russia (_see_ Soviet Republics)
Ryukyu (Liu-ch'iu), islands

Sacrifices
Sages
Sakhalin (Karafuto), island
Salar, ethnic group
Salary
Salt
Salt merchants
Salt trade
Samarkand, city
_San-min chu-i_, book
Sang Hung-yang, economist
Sassanids, Iranian dynasty
Scholars (_Ju_) (_see_ Literati, Scribes, Intellectuals,
Confucianists)
Schools, (_see_ Education)
Science, (_see_ Mathematics, Astronomy, Nature)
Scribes
Script, Chinese
Sculpture
Buddhist sculptures
_sê-mu_ (auxiliary troops)
Seal, imperial
Secret societies (_see_ Red Eyebrows; Yellow Turbans; White Lotus;
Boxer; Rebellions)
Sects
Buddhist sects
Seng-ko-lin-ch'in, general
Serfs (_see_ Slaves, Servants, Bondsmen)
Servants
Settlement, of foreigners
military
(_see_ Colonization)
Sha-t'o, tribal federation
Shadow theatre
Shahruk, ruler
Shamans
Shamanism
Shan tribes of South East Asia
_Shan-hai-ching_, book
Shan-yü, title of nomadic ruler
Shang dynasty
Shang Ti, deity
Shang Tz[)u], philosopher (Shang Yang)
Shanghai, city
Shao Yung, philosopher
Sheep
Shen Nung, mythical figure
Shen Tsung, Sung ruler
Manchu ruler
Sheng Tsu, Manchu ruler
_Shih-chi_, book
Shih Ching-t'ang, ruler
Shih Ch'ung, writer
Shih Hêng, soldier
Shih Hu, ruler
Shih Huang-ti, ruler
Shih Lo, ruler
Shih-pi, ruler
Shih Ss[)u]-ming
Shih Tsung, Manchu ruler
Shih-wei, Mongol tribes
Shintoism, Japanese religion
Ships (_see_ Navy)
Short stories
Shoulder axes
Shu (Szechwan), area and/or state
Shu-Han dynasty
Shun, dynasty
mythical ruler
Shun-chih, reign period
Sian (Hsi-an, Ch'ang-an), city
Siao Ho (Hsiao Ho), jurist
Silk
Silk road
Silver
Sin-lo (Hsin-lo, Silla), state of Korea
Sinanthropos
Sinkiang (Hsin-Chiang, Turkestan)
Slash and burn agriculture (denshiring)
Slaves
Slave society
Temple slaves
Social mobility
Social structure of tribes
Socialism (_see_ Marxism, Communism)
Sogdiana, country in Central Asia
Soul, concept of soul
South-East Asia (_see_ Burma, Champa, Cambodia, Annam, Laos,
Vietnam, Tonking, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Mon-Khmer)
Soviet Republics (_see_ Russia)
Speculations, financial
Ss[)u]-ma, clan
Ss[)u]-ma Ch'ien, historian
Ss[)u]-ma Kuang, historian
Ss[)u]-ma Yen, ruler
Standardization
States, territorial and national
State religion
Statistics (_see_ Population)
Steel
Steppe
Stone age
Stratification, social (_see_ Classes, Social mobility)
Strikes
Students
Su Chün, rebel
Su Tsung, T'ang ruler
Su Tung-p'o, poet
_su-wang_ (uncrowned king)
Sui, dynasty
Sun Ts'ê, ruler
Sun Yat-sen (Sun I-hsien), revolutionary leader, president
Sung, dynasty
Liu-Sung dynasty
Szechwan (Ss[)u]-ch'uan), province (_see_ Shu)

Ta-tan (Tatars), tribal federation
Tada, Japanese militarist
Tai, tribes (_see_ Thailand)
Tai Chen, philosopher
Tai Ch'ing dynasty (Manchu)
T'ai P'ing, state
T'ai Tsu, Sung ruler
Manchu ruler
T'ai Tsung, T'ang ruler (_see_ Li Shih-min)
Taiwan (T'ai-wan, _see_ Formosa)
T'an-yao, priest
Tanaka, Japanese militarist
T'ang, dynasty
Later T'ang dynasty
T'ang Hsien-tsu, writer
T'ang Yin, painter
Tanguts, Tibetan tribal federation and/or state (_see_ Ch'iang)
Tao, philosophical term
Tao-kuang, reign period
_Tao-tê-ching_, book
T'ao-t'ieh, mythical emblem
Tao-yen, monk
Taoism, religion
Taoists
(_see_ Lao Tz[)u], Chuang Tz[)u], Chang Ling, etc.)
Tarim basin
Tatars (Ta-tan) Mongolian tribal federation
Taxation
Tax collectors
Tax evasion
Tax exemptions
Taxes for monks
Tax reform
Tê Tsung, Manchu ruler
Tea
Tea trade
Tea house (_see_ Brothel)
Teachers (_see_ Schools)
Technology
Tell, archaeological term
Temples (_see_ Monasteries)
Tengri khan, ruler
Textile industry (_see_ Silk, Cotton)
Thailand, state (_see_ Tai tribes)
Theatre (_see_ Shadow, Puppet, Opera)
Throne, accession to (_see_ Abdication, Legitimacy)
Ti, Tibetan tribes
Tibet (_see_ Ch'iang, Ti, T'u-fan, T'u-yü-hun, Lhasa Tanguts)
T'ien, deity
Tientsin (T'ien-chin), city
Timur, ruler
Tin
Ting-ling, tribal federation
T'o-pa (_see_ Toba)
T'o-t'o, writer
Toba, Turkish tribal federation
Tocharians, Central Asian ethnic group
Tokto (_see_ T'o-t'o)
Tölös, Turkish tribal group
Tombs
Tonking, state
Tortoise
Totalitarianism (_see_ Dictatorship, Fascism, Communism)
Tou Ku, general
T'ou-man, ruler
Towns (_see_ City)
Trade
barter trade
international trade
(_see_ Merchants, Commerce, Caravans, Silk road)
Translations
Transportation (_see_ Roads, Canals, Ships, Post, Caravans, Horses)
Travels of emperors
Treasury
Treaty, international
Tribal organization (_see_ Banner, Army, Nomads)
Tribes, disappearance of
social organization
military organization
Tribute (_kung_)
_tsa-hu_, social class
Tsai T'ien, prince
Ts'ai Yüan-p'ei, scholar
Ts'ao Chih, poet
Ts'ao Hsüeh-ch'in, writer
Ts'ao K'un, politician
Ts'ao P'ei, ruler
Ts'ao Ts'ao, general
Tsewang Rabdan, general
Tsêng Kuo-fan, general
Tso Tsung-t'ang, general
Tsou Yen, philosopher
Ts'ui, clan
T'u-chüeh, Gök Turk tribes (_see_ Turks)
Tu Fu, poet
T'u-fan, Tibetan tribal group
Tu-ku, Turkish tribe
_T'u-shu chi-ch'eng_, encyclopaedia
_tu-tu_, title
T'u-yü-hun, Tibetan tribal federation
Tuan Ch'i-jui, president
Tümet, Mongol tribal group
Tung Ch'i-ch'ang, painter
T'ung-chien kang-mu, historical encyclopaedia
T'ung-chih, reign period
Tung Chung-shu, thinker
Tung Fu-hsiang, politician
Tung-lin academy
Tungus tribes (_see_ Juchên, Po-hai, Manchu)
Tunhuang (Tun-huang), city
Turfan, city state
Turgut, Mongol tribal federation
Turkestan (_see_ Central Asia, Tarim, Turfan, Sinkiang, Ferghana,
Samarkand, Khotcho, Tocharians, Yüeh-chih, Sogdians, etc.)
Turkey
Turks (_see_ Gök Turks, T'u-chüeh, Toba, Tölös, Ting-ling, Uighur,
Sha-t'o, etc.)
Tz[)u] Hsi, empress

Uighurs, Turkish federation
United States (_see_ America)
Ungern-Sternberg, general
Urbanization (_see_ City)
Urga, city
University
Usury

Vagrants (_liu-min_)
Vietnam (_see_ Annam)
Village
Village commons
Vinaya Buddhism
Voltaire, writer

Walls
Great Wall
Wan-li, reign period
_Wang_ (king)
Wang An-shih, statesman
Wang Chen, eunuch
Wang Ching-wei, collaborator
Wang Ch'ung, philosopher
Wang Hsien-chih, peasant leader
Wang Kung, general
Wang Mang, ruler
Wang Shih-chen, writer
Wang Shih-fu, writer
Wang Tao-k'un, writer
Wang Tun, rebel
Wang Yang-ming, general and philosopher
War
size of wars
War-chariot
cost of wars
War lords
Warrior-nomads
(_see_ Army, World War, Opium War, Lorcha War, Fire-arms)
Washington, conference
Wei, dynasty
small state
empress
Wei Chung-hsien, eunuch
Wei T'o, ruler in South China
Welfare state
Well-field system (_ching-t'ien_),
Wen Ti, Han ruler
Wei ruler
Toba ruler
Sui ruler
Wen Tsung, Manchu ruler
Whampoa, military academy
Wheat
White Lotus sect (Pai-lien)
Wholesalers
Wine
Wood-cut (_see_ Colour print)
Wool (_see_ Felt)
World Wars
Women rights
Writing, invention (_see_ Script)
Wu, empress
state
Wuch'ang, city (_see_ Hankow)
Wu Ching-tz[)u], writer
Wu-huan, tribal federation
Wu P'ei-fu, war lord
Wu San-kui, general
Wu Shih-fan, ruler
Wu-sun, tribal group
Wu Tai (Five Dynasties period)
Wu Tao-tz[)u], painter
Wu (Ti), Han ruler
Chin ruler
Liang ruler
Wu Tsung, Manchu ruler
Wu Wang, Chou ruler
_wu-wei_, philosophical term

Yakub beg, ruler
Yamato, part of Japan
Yang, clan
Yang Chien, ruler (_see_ Wen Ti)
Yang (Kui-fei), concubine
Yang-shao, archaeological site
Yang Ti, Sui ruler
Yao, mythical ruler
tribes in South China
Yarkand, city in Turkestan
Yeh (K'ai-feng), city
Yeh-ta (_see_ Ephtalites)
Yehe-Nara, tribe
Yellow Turbans, secret society
Yeh-lü Ch'u-ts'ai, politician
Yen, state
dynasty
Earlier Yen dynasty
Later Yen dynasty
Western Yen dynasty
Yen-an, city
Yen Fu, translator
Yen Hsi-shan, war lord
Yen-ta (Altan), ruler
_Yen-t'ieh-lun_ (Discourses on Salt and Iron), book
Yin Chung-k'an, general
Yin-ch'ü, city
Yin and Yang, philosophical terms
Ying Tsung, Manchu ruler
Yo Fei, general
Yü Liang, general
Yü-wen, tribal group
Yüan Chen
Yüan Chi, philosopher
Yüan Mei, writer
Yüan Shao, general
Yüan Shih-k'ai, general and president
Yüan Ti, Han ruler
Chin ruler
Yüeh, tribal group and area
Yüeh-chih, Indo-European-speaking ethnic group
Yün-kang, caves
Yünnan (Yün-nan), province
Yung-cheng, reign period
Yung-lo, reign period

Zen Buddhism (_see_ Ch'an)
Zoroaster, founder of religion