Chapter II: Appendix: A. Declaration of Independence 559

_B._ Constitution of the United States of America 564
Amendments to the Constitution 575

_C._ List of Presidents and Vice Presidents,
with their Terms of Office 579

INDEX 581

MAPS.

1. Distribution of the Barbarous Tribes East of the
Mississippi. (_Colored_)
2. French Explorations and Settlements. (_Colored_)
3. Central North America at the Beginning of the French
and Indian War, 1755. (_Colored_)
4. The British Colonies in 1764. (_Colored_)
5. Boston and Environs, 1775.
6. Boston and Environs, 1776.
7. Retreat across New Jersey.
8. The Middle Atlantic States.
9. Operations in the South, 1780–1781.
10. Operations at Yorktown.
11. Land Claims of the Thirteen Original States in 1783.
(_Colored_)
12. The Northwest Territory in 1787.
13. United States in 1789. (_Colored_)
14. The Areas of Freedom and Slavery in 1790. (_Colored_)
15. United States in 1800. (_Colored_)
16. The Louisiana Purchase.
17. Operations in Canada, 1812–1814.
18. Operations in the East, 1814.
19. Operations around Washington in 1814.
20. Southwestern Operations, 1813–1815.
21. Areas of Freedom and Slavery as established by the
Missouri Compromise of 1820. (_Colored_)
22a. United States in 1825–1830. (_Colored_)
22b. United States in 1825–1830. (_Colored_)
23. Territory claimed by Texas when admitted into the
Union, 1845. (_Colored_)
24. Territory ceded by Mexico, 1848 and 1853. (_Colored_)
25. United States—Acquisition of Territory. (_Colored_)
26. The Compromise of 1850. (_Colored_)
27. Areas of Freedom and Slavery in 1854. (_Colored_)
28a. United States in 1861. (_Colored_)
28b. United States in 1861. (_Colored_)
29. Operations in the West, 1862.
30. Norfolk, Hampton Roads.
31. The Vicksburg Campaign.
32. Operations in the East, 1864.
33. Sherman’s March to the Sea.
34. Colonial Possessions, 1909. (_Colored_)
35a. United States, 1909. (_Colored_)
35b. United States, 1909. (_Colored_)

ILLUSTRATIONS.

George Washington
Specimen of Indian Pottery
Inscription Rock, New Mexico
Diego de Landa’s Maya Alphabet
Long House of Iroquois
Cliff Dwellings on the Rio Mancos
North Pueblo of Taos
Specimen of Saga Manuscript
The Dighton Rock in Massachusetts
Old Mill at Newport
Columbus
Toscanelli’s Map
Ships of the Time of Columbus
Sebastian Cabot
Americus Vespucius
Balboa
Magellan
Ponce de Leon
De Soto
Jacques Cartier
Champlain
Sir Francis Drake
Sir Walter Raleigh
Ruins of the Old Church at Jamestown
John Smith
Pocahontas
Henry Hudson
New Amsterdam
Miles Standish
John Endicott
John Winthrop
First Lord Baltimore
Cecilius Calvert, Second Lord Baltimore
Sir Henry Vane
Sir Edmund Andros
Peter Stuyvesant
William Penn
Cotton Mather
James Oglethorpe
La Salle
Jonathan Edwards
Sieur de Bienville
General Montcalm
William Pitt, Earl of Chatham
General Wolfe
George III.
_Pennsylvania Journal_
Samuel Adams
James Otis
Patrick Henry
John Dickinson
Governor Hutchinson
Old South Church, Boston
Faneuil Hall, Boston
Carpenter’s Hall, Philadelphia
John Hancock
Statue of Minuteman at Concord
Gen. Joseph Warren
General Howe
Washington Elm, Cambridge
Col. Benedict Arnold
Gen. Nathanael Greene
Colonial Flag, 1776
Gen. William Moultrie
Richard Henry Lee
Thomas Jefferson
House in which Jefferson wrote the Declaration of
Independence
Independence Hall, Philadelphia
Benjamin Franklin
Portion of the Declaration of Independence
Continental Currency
Marquis de Lafayette
George Washington
Gen. Philip Schuyler
Gen. John Stark
Gen. John Burgoyne
Baron von Steuben
Gen. Horatio Gates
Gen. Anthony Wayne
Wayne’s Dispatch to Washington
Daniel Boone
Gen. John Sullivan
Gen. George Rogers Clark
Captain Paul Jones
Lord Cornwallis
Place of André’s Execution
Colonel Tarleton
Gen. Daniel Morgan
Alexander Hamilton
James Madison
Federal Hall, New York City
Blockhouse at Mackinaw
Stagecoach of the Time of Washington
John Jay
Mount Vernon
John Adams
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
Albert Gallatin
John Marshall
Stephen Decatur
William Pitt the Younger
Fulton’s Steamboat
Robert Fulton
Eli Whitney
John C. Calhoun
Captain Isaac Hull
The _Constitution_
Captain James Lawrence
Captain Oliver H. Perry
Commodore Macdonough
Andrew Jackson
James Monroe
Henry Clay
John Randolph
John Quincy Adams
William Lloyd Garrison
Theodore Parker
Martin Van Buren
Daniel Webster
Thomas H. Benton
Robert Y. Hayne
Daniel Webster’s Carriage
Wendell Phillips
William Henry Harrison
John Tyler
Gen. Samuel Houston
James K. Polk
Gen. Zachary Taylor
Gen. Winfield Scott
Sutter’s Mill, California
Henry Clay
William H. Seward
Millard Fillmore
Franklin Pierce
Caleb Cushing
Charles Sumner
John C. Frémont
Roger B. Taney
Harriet Beecher Stowe
James Buchanan
Stephen A. Douglas
A Typical Pioneer’s Cabin
John Brown
Salmon P. Chase
Confederate Capitol, Montgomery, Ala.
Jefferson Davis
Alexander H. Stephens
Cyrus W. Field
Abraham Lincoln
Fort Sumter
Palmetto Flag (Confederate)
Confederate Flag
General Beauregard
Gen. Nathaniel Lyon
Edwin M. Stanton
Gen. Ulysses S. Grant
Gen. A. S. Johnston
Gen. Braxton Bragg
Gen. W. S. Rosecrans
Confederate Ram
John Ericsson
Admiral D. G. Farragut
Gen. George B. McClellan
Gen. J. E. Johnston
Stonewall Jackson
Gen. R. E. Lee
Maj. Gen. H. W. Halleck
Gen. John Pope
Gen. A. E. Burnside
Gen. George H. Thomas
Gen. William T. Sherman
Gen. Joseph Hooker
Gen. George G. Meade
Gen. James Longstreet
Gen. George E. Pickett
Gen. B. F. Butler
Gen. J. B. Hood
Gen. Philip H. Sheridan
Signatures to the Agreement for Surrender (Grant and
Lee)
House at Appomattox in which Surrender was arranged
Andrew Johnson
Thaddeus Stevens
Horatio Seymour
Horace Greeley
Gen. George A. Custer
Rutherford B. Hayes
Samuel J. Tilden
Gen. Winfield S. Hancock
James A. Garfield
Chester A. Arthur
Brooklyn Bridge
James G. Blaine
Grover Cleveland
Benjamin Harrison
William J. Bryan
William McKinley
Admiral George Dewey
Gen. W. R. Shafter
Admiral W. T. Sampson
The _Oregon_
Gen. Nelson A. Miles
Theodore Roosevelt
Admiral W. S. Schley
William H. Taft

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE.

1000 (_circa_) The Northmen reach America. 1492 Columbus lands at Watling’s Island. 1497 John Cabot lands near the mouth of the St. Lawrence. 1498 Voyage of Sebastian Cabot. 1499–1503 Americus Vespucius makes four voyages to America. 1512 Ponce de Leon discovers Florida. 1513 Balboa discovers the Pacific. 1520 Magellan passes the straits named after him. 1541 De Soto discovers the Mississippi River. 1562–1564 Huguenots in South Carolina and Florida. 1565 St. Augustine, Florida, founded by the Spanish. 1577–1580 Drake makes his voyage round the world. 1584–1587 Sir Walter Raleigh sends out colonists. 1607 Founding of Jamestown, Virginia. 1608 Champlain founds Quebec. 1609 Hudson discovers the Hudson River. 1614 The Dutch settle on Manhattan Island. 1620 Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth. 1626 The Dutch found New Amsterdam (New York City). 1630 Winthrop leads Puritan emigration to Massachusetts. 1630 Boston founded. 1632 Charter for Maryland granted the second Lord Baltimore. 1634 St. Mary’s, Maryland, founded. 1635 Settlements made in Connecticut. 1636 Roger Williams founds Providence, Rhode Island. 1636 Harvard College founded. 1638 New Haven settled. 1638 Swedes occupy Delaware. 1639 Constitution of Connecticut framed. 1643 New England Confederacy established. 1663 Government organized in North Carolina. 1664 The English seize New Netherland and settle in New Jersey. 1670 Settlement in South Carolina. Charleston founded. 1674–1676 King Philip’s War. 1676 Bacon’s Rebellion in Virginia. 1682 La Salle explores Mississippi River. 1682 Philadelphia founded. 1689–1697 King William’s War. 1690 Colonial Congress at New York. 1692 Salem witchcraft. 1692 William and Mary College (Virginia) founded. 1697 Peace of Ryswick. 1701 Detroit founded. 1701 Yale College founded. 1702–1703 Queen Anne’s War. 1713 Treaty of Utrecht. 1718 The French found New Orleans. 1730 Baltimore founded. 1733 Savannah founded. 1744–1748 King George’s War. 1745 Capture of Louisburg. 1746 Princeton College founded. 1748 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. 1754 King’s (Columbia) College founded. 1754 French and Indian War begins (ends 1763). 1755 Braddock’s defeat. 1759 Capture of Quebec. 1763 Peace of Paris. 1763 The Conspiracy of Pontiac. 1765 The Stamp Act passed. 1766 Repeal of Stamp Act. 1767 Townshend Acts. 1768 British troops in Boston. 1770 Boston Massacre. 1773 “Boston Tea-party.” 1774 Boston Port Bill. 1774 First Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia. 1775 Battles of Lexington and Concord. Siege of Boston. Battle of Bunker Hill. 1775 Mecklenburg Resolutions. 1776 Declaration of Independence. 1777 Victories of Princeton, Bennington, and Saratoga. Defeats of Brandywine and Germantown. Washington at Valley Forge. 1778 France becomes an ally of the United States. 1779 Naval victories of Paul Jones. 1780 Arnold’s treason. 1781 Articles of Confederation finally agreed to. 1781 Battle of Cowpens. Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown. 1782 Preliminary treaty with Great Britain. 1783 Peace of Versailles. 1787 Federal Convention frames the Constitution. 1787 Ordinance concerning the Northwest Territory passed by Congress. 1788 The states ratify the Constitution. 1789 Washington inaugurated at New York. Organization of Congress and the Departments. 1792 Formation of Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties. 1793 Washington’s proclamation of neutrality. 1795 Jay’s Treaty ratified. 1798 The Alien and Sedition Laws. 1798 The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. 1800 The city of Washington becomes the national capital. 1801 Jefferson elected President by the House of Representatives. 1803 Purchase of Louisiana. 1804 Expedition of Lewis and Clark. 1807 Fulton’s steamboat. 1807 Passage of the Embargo. 1809 The Non-intercourse Act. 1812 War with Great Britain. 1814 The British capture Washington. 1814 The Hartford Convention. 1814 The Treaty of Ghent. 1815 The battle of New Orleans. 1819 Florida purchased from Spain. 1820 First Missouri Compromise. 1823 Monroe Doctrine. 1825 Erie Canal opened. 1830 Hayne-Webster debate. 1830 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad opened. 1832 Nullification in South Carolina. 1832 Rise of the Whig party. 1833 Chicago founded. 1836 Independence of Texas. 1840 Sub-treasury system established. 1840 Liberty party formed. 1842 Ashburton Treaty. 1842 Dorr’s Rebellion in Rhode Island. 1844 Morse completes the first telegraph line. 1846–1848 Mexican War. 1846 Wilmot Proviso. 1846 Oregon Treaty. 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 1848 Discovery of gold in California. 1850 Compromise of 1850. 1850 Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. 1852 Rise of Know-Nothing party. 1853 Gadsden Purchase. 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Bill. 1854 Republican party formed. 1855 Struggle in Kansas. 1857 Dred Scott Decision. 1858 First Atlantic cable. 1858 Lincoln-Douglas debates. 1859 John Brown’s raid. 1860 Election of Lincoln. Secession of South Carolina. 1861–1865 The Civil War. 1862 Fight between _Merrimac_ and _Monitor_. 1863 Proclamation of Emancipation. 1863 Battle of Gettysburg. Capture of Vicksburg. 1864 Battle of the Wilderness. 1865 Surrender of Lee and Johnson. 1865 Assassination of Lincoln. 1866 Successful laying of the Atlantic cable. 1867 Congressional system of reconstruction. 1867 Purchase of Alaska. 1868 Impeachment of President Johnson. 1869 Completion of the Pacific Railroad. 1871 Treaty of Washington. 1876 Electoral Commission. 1877 Troops withdrawn from the South. 1879 Resumption of specie payments. 1883 Civil Service Reform Commission. 1892 Rise of People’s Party. 1898 War declared with Spain. Treaty of Paris. Acquisition of the Philippines. 1898 Annexation of Hawaii. 1901 Hay-Pauncefote Treaty. 1902 Panama Canal authorized. 1905 Treaty of Portsmouth. 1907 Financial crisis.