Chapter VI: King Edmund

From Aelfric's Lives of the Saints, now published for the Early English Text Society by Prof. Skeat. The present life has been printed only by Thorpe, in his _Analecta Anglosaxonica_ from a very late MS. It is here given from the older MS., Cott. Jul. E. 7.

It will be observed that the present piece is in alliterative prose, that is, with the letter-rime of poetry, but without its metrical form. The alliteration is easily discernible:--c[=o]m _s_[=u]than ofer s[=ae] fram _s_ancte Benedictes _s_t[=o]we; _d_ae[.g]e, t[=o] _D_[=u]nst[=a]ne, &c.

l. 1. sancte is an English modification of the Latin genitive _sancti_.

l. 5. sancte is here the E. dative inflection, _sanct_ having been made into a substantive.

l. 39. bilew[=i]t = _*bile-hw[=i]t_ (with the regular change of _hw_ into _w_ between vowels) literally 'white (=tender) of bill,' originally, no doubt, applied to young birds, and then used metaphorically in the sense of 'gentle,' 'simple.'

l. 70. worhte fl[=e]ames. This construction of _wyrcan_ with a genitive is frequent.

l. 76. w[=ae]re, subj. Gr. 48. (6).

l. 85. f[=u]se. The correct reading is probably _f[=u]sne_, but the plural _f[=u]se_ may be taken to refer to Hinguar and his men collectively.

l. 149. [.g]ebedh[=u]s. The Welsh _bettws_, as in Bettws-y-coed = 'chapel in the wood,' still preserves the O. E. form nearly unchanged.

l. 176. sw[=a] thaet does not denote result here, but is explanatory--'namely by being bound....'

l. 178. h[=i]e, reflexive.

l. 179. thaes ... h[=u], correlative.

l. 185. The reference is apparently to Proverbs xxiv. 11, which (in the Vulgate) runs thus: 'Erue eos qui ducuntur ad mortem.'

l. 200. hwaether, (that he might see) whether ...

l. 215. l[=i]chaman, instrumental dative (Gr. 41) of defining.

l. 222. [=E]li[.g] = _[=ae]l-[=i]eg_ 'eel-island.' {97}

GLOSSARY.

The order is strictly alphabetical (th following _t_) except that words with the prefix _ge_ are put in the order of the letter that follows the _ge_ (_gebed_ under _b_, &c.).

The following abbreviations are used :--

_sm._, _sn._, _sf._ masc., neut., fem. substantive.
_sv._ strong verb.
_wv._ weak verb.
_swv._ strong-weak verb (preterito-present).

The others require no explanation.

The numbers after _sv._ refer to the classes of strong verbs in the grammar.

Words in [ ] are Latin (and Greek) originals or cognate Old E. words. The latter are only referred to when the connection can be proved by the phonetic laws given in the grammar.

[=A], _av._ ever, always.
abbod, _sm._ abbot [_Latin_ abbatem].
[=a]-.b[=e]odan, _sv. 7_, _w. dat._ (offer), announce.
[=a]-.biddan, _sv. 5_, ask for, demand.
[=a]-.b[=i]tan, _sv. 6_, devour.
[=a]-.bl[e,]ndan, _wv._ blind [blind].
[=a]-.brecan, _sv. 4_, break into, take (city).
[=a]-.b[=u]gan, _sv. 7_, bend; swerve, turn.
ac, _cj._ but.
[=a]-.c[e,]nnan, _wv._ bring forth, bear (child).
[=a]-.cw[e,]llan, _wv._ kill.
[=a]-.cw[e,]n[.c]an, _wv._ extinguish.
[=a]-.dr[=u]gian, _wv._ dry up, _intr._ [dr[=y][.g]e].
[=a]-.dw[=ae]s[.c]an, _wv._ extinguish.
aecer, _sm._ field.
aethele, _aj._ noble, excellent.
aetheling, _sm._ prince.
[=ae]fen, _sm._ evening.
[=ae]fre, _av._ ever, always.
aefter, _av._, _prep. w. dat._ after--aefter th[=ae]em, after that,
afterwards; according to, by.
[=ae][.g]-hwelc, _prn._ each.
[=ae][.g]ther, _prn._ either, each--_cj._ [=ae][.g]ther [.g]e ... [.g]e,
both ... and [ = [=ae][.g] hwaether].
[=ae]ht, _sf._ property [[=a]hte, [=a]gan].
[=ae]lan, _wv._ burn.
[=ae]l[.c], _aj._ each.
aelmesse, _sf._ alms, charity [_Greek_ ele[=e]mosun[=e]].
ael-mihti[g.], _aj._ almighty.
[=ae]ni[.g], _aj._ any [[=a]n].
[=ae]r, _prep. w. dat._ before (of time), [=ae]r th[=ae]m the, _cj._
before.
[=ae]r, _av._ formerly, before; _superl._ [=ae]rest, _adj. and adv._,
first.
aer[.c]e-biscop, _sm._ archbishop [_Latin_ archiepiscopus].
[=ae]rende, _sn._ errand, message.
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[=ae]rend-raca, _sm._ messenger.
[=ae]-rist, _sfm._ (rising again), resurrection [[=a]r[=i]san].
[=ae]rne-mergen, _sm._ early morning.
aesc, _sm._ (ash-tree); war-ship.
aet, _prp. w. dat._ at; _deprivation_, from; _origin_,
_source_--[=a]b[=ae]don w[=i]f aet him, 'asked for wives from them;'
_specification_, _defining_--wurdon aet spr[=ae][.c]e, 'fell into
conversation.'
aet-.bre[.g]dan, _sv. 3_ (snatch away), deprive of.
aet-.foran, _prp. w. dat._ before.
aet-.gaedre, _av._ together.
aet-[=i]ewan, _wv. w. dat._ show.
[=ae]ton, _see_ etan.
[=a]-.fandian, _wv._ experience, find out [findan].
[=a]-.faran, _sv. 2_, go away, depart.
[=a]-.feallan, _sv. 1_, fall.
[=a]-.f[=e]dan, _wv._ feed.
[=a]-.f[=y]lan, _wv._ defile [f[=u]l].
[=a]-fyrht, _aj._ frightened [_past partic. of_ [=a].fyrhtan _from_
forht].
[=a]gan, _swv._ possess.
[=a]-.g[=a]n, _sv._ happen.
[=a]gen, _aj._ own [_originally past partic. of_ [=a]gan].
[=a]-.[.g]iefan, _sv. 5_, _w. dat._ give, render.
[=a]h, _see_ [=a]gan.
[=a]-.h[e,]bban, _sv. 2_, raise, exalt.
[=a]-.hieldan, _wv._ incline.
[=a]-.h[=o]n, _sv. 1_, hang, _trans._
[=a]-.hr[=e]osan, _sv. 7_, fall.
[=a]hte, _see_ [=a]gan.
[=a]-hw[=ae]r, _av._ anywhere.
[=a]-.h[=y]ran, _wv._ hire.
[=a]-.l[=i]esan, _wv._ (loosen), release; redeem [l[=e]as].
[=a]-.l[=i]esed-nes, _sf._ redemption.
[=a]-l[=i]esend, _sm._ redeemer.
[=a]n, _aj._ one (_always strong_); a certain one, certain; alone
(_generally weak_); _gen. pl._ [=a]nra _in_ [=a]nra ge-hwel[.c],
'each one.'
[=a]n-c[e,]nned, _aj._ (_past partic._) (only-born), only (child).
and, _cj._ and.
and-b[=i]dian, _wv. w. gen._ wait, expect [b[=i]dan].
andet-nes, _sf._ confession.
andettan, _wv._ confess.
and-[.g]iet, _sn._ sense, meaning; understanding, intelligence.
and-swarian, _wv. w. dat._ answer [andswaru].
and-swaru, _sf._ answer [sw[e,]rian].
and-weard, _aj._ present.
and-wyrdan, _wv. w. dat._ answer [word].
Angel, _sm._ Anglen (a district in Slesvig).
Angel-cynn, _sn._ English nation, England.
[=a]-.niman, _sv. 4_, take away.
[=a]n-l[=ae][.c]an, _wv._ unite.
[=a]n-m[=o]d, _aj._ unanimous.
[=a]n-m[=o]d-l[=i]ce, _av._ unanimously.
[=a]n-r[=ae]d, _aj._ (of one counsel) constant, firm, resolute.
apostol, _sm._ apostle.
[=a]r, _sf._ mercy; honour.
[=a]-.r[=ae]ran, _wv._ raise, build [[=a]r[=i]san].
[=a]rian, _wv. w. dat._ honour; spare, have mercy on [[=a]r].
[=a]-.r[=i]san, _sv. 6_, arise.
[=a]r-l[=e]as, _aj._ wicked.
arn, _see_ iernan.
arod, _aj._ quick, bold.
arod-l[=i]ce, _av._ quickly, readily, boldly.
[=a]r-weorth, _adj._ worthy of honour, venerable.
[=a]scian, _wv._ ask.
[=a]-.sc[=u]fan, _sv. 7_, thrust.
[=a]-.s[e,]ndan, _wv._ send.
[=a]-.s[e,]ttan, _wv._ set, place.
[=a]-.sm[=e]an, _wv._ consider, think of, conceive.
assa, _sm._ ass.
[=a]-.st[e,]llan, _wv._ institute.
[=a]-.st[=i]gan, _sv. 6_, ascend, descend.
[=a]-.str[e,][.c][.c]an, _wv._ stretch out, extend.
[=a]-.styrian, _wv._ stir, move.
[=a]-.t[=e]on, _sv. 7_, draw out, draw, take.
atol-lic, _aj._ deformed.
[=a]-.thr[=e]otan, _sv. 7_, fail, run short.
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[=a]-.w[e,][.c][.c]an, _wv._ awake, arouse [wacian].
[=a]-.w[=e]dan, _wv._ go mad [w[=o]d].
[=a]-.w[e,]ndan, _wv._ turn; translate.
[=a]-.weorpan, _sv. 3_, throw, throw away; depose (king).
[=a]-.w[=e]stan, _wv._ lay waste, ravage.
[=a]-.wier[.g]ed, _aj._ cursed, accursed, [_past. partic. of_
[=a]wier[.g]an, _from_ wearg].
[=a]-wiht, _prn._ aught, anything.
[=a]-.wr[=i]tan, _sv. 6_, write.
[=a]-.wyrtwalian, _wv._ root up.

B.

Baec, _sn._ back--under baec, behind.
baed, _see_ biddan.
b[=ae]don, _see_ biddan.
baernan, _wv._ burn, _trans._ [beornan].
baernett, _sn._ burning.
b[=ae]ron, _see_ beran.
baest, _sm._ bast.
baesten, _aj._ of bast.
be, _prep. w. dat._ by; about, concerning.
beald, _aj._ bold.
bearn, _sn._ child [beran].
b[=e]atan, _sv. 1_, beat.
be-.b[=e]odan, _sv. 7_, _w. dat._ bid, command.
be-.byr[.g]an, _wv._ bury.
b[=e][.c], _see_ b[=o]c.
be-.clyppan, _wv._ embrace, encompass, hold.
be-.cuman, _sv. 4_, come.
_[.g]e_.bed, _sn._ prayer [biddan].
be-.d[=ae]lan, _wv. w. gen._ deprive of [d[=ae]l].
b[e,]dd, _sn._ bed.
be-.delfan, _sv. 3_; (hide by digging), bury.
_[.g]e_.bed-h[=u]s, _sn._ oratory, chapel.
be-.faestan, _wv._ (make fast); _w. dat._ commit, entrust to.
be-.foran, _prp. w. dat._ before.
b[=e][.g]en, _prn._ both.
be-.[.g]eondan, _prp. w. acc._ beyond.
be-.[.g]ietan, _sv. 5_, get, obtain.
be-.[.g]innan, _sv. 3_, begin.
be-.h[=a]tan, _sv. 1_, _w. dat._ promise.
be-.h[=e]afdian, _wv._ behead [h[=e]afod].
be-.healdan, _sv. 1_, behold.
be-.h[=o]fian, _wv. w. gen._ require.
be-.hr[=e]owsian, _wv._ repent [hr[=e]owan].
be-.h[=y]dan, _wv._ hide.
be-.l[=ae]wan, _wv._ betray.
be-.l[=i]efan, _wv._ believe.
be-.l[=i]fan, _sv. 6_, remain [l[=a]f].
be-.l[=u]can, _sv. 7_, lock, close.
b[e,]nd, _smfn._ bond [bindan].
b[=e]odan, _sv. 7_, _w. dat._ offer.
b[=e]on, _v._ be--b[=e]on ymbe, have to do with.
beorg, _sm._ hill, mountain.
_[.g]e_beorgan, _sv. 3_, _w. dat._ save, protect.
beornan, _sv. 3_, burn, _intrans_.
b[=e]ot-lic, _aj._ boastful.
be-.p[=ae][.c]an, _wv._ deceive.
beran, _sv. 4_, bear, carry; ([.g]eberan, bring forth).
b[e,]rn, _sn._ barn.
berstan, _sv. 3_, burst.
be-.s[=a]rgian, _wv._ lament [s[=a]ri[.g]].
be-.s[.c]ieran, _sv. 4_, shear, cut hair.
be-.s[=e]on, _sv. 5_, see, look.
be-.s[e,]ttan, _wv._ set about, surround, cover.
be-.stealcian, _wv._ go stealthily, steal.
be-.sw[=i]can, _sv. 6_, deceive, circumvent, betray.
be-.t[=ae][.c]an, _wv._ commit, entrust, give up.
b[e,]tera, b[e,]tst, _see_ g[=o]d.
be.tw[=e]onan, _prp. w. dat._ between, among.
be-.twix, _prep. w. acc. and dat._ between, among; _of time_,
during--betwix th[=ae]m the, _cj._ while.
be-.w[e,]rian, _wv._ defend.
be-.witan, _swv._ watch over, have charge of.
b[=i]dan, _sv. 6_, wait.
biddan, _sv. 5_, ask, beg.
_[.g]e_.biddan, _sv. 5_, _refl._ pray.
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bieldo, _sf._ (boldness), arrogance [beald].
b[=i]-g[e,]ng, _sm._ worship [bi, by, _and_ g[e,]n[.g] _from_ g[=a]n].
bile-w[=i]t, _aj._ simple, innocent.
bindan, _sv. 3_, bind.
binnan, _av._ inside; _prp. w. dat._ within, in [ = be-innan].
biscop, _sm._ bishop [_Latin_ episcopus].
bi-smer, _snm._ insult, ignominy.
bismer-full, _aj._ ignominious, shameful.
bismerian, _wv._ treat with ignominy, insult [bismer].
b[=i]tan, _sv. 6_, bite.
bith, _see_ b[=e]on.
bl[=a]wan, _sv. 1_, blow.
bleoh, _sn._ colour.
bl[=e]ow, _see_ bl[=a]wan.
bl[=e]tsian, _wv._ bless.
blind, _aj._ blind.
bliss, _sf._ merriment, joy.
blissian, _wv._ rejoice.
bl[=i]the, _aj._ glad, merry.
bl[=i]the-l[=i]ce, _av._ gladly.
bl[=o]d, _sn._ blood.
b[=o]c, _sf._ book, scripture.
B[=o]c-laeden, _sn._ book Latin, Latin.
bodian, _wv._ announce, preach [b[=e]odan].
bodi[.g], _sm._ body.
bohte, _see_ by[.c][.g]an.
br[=a]d, _aj._ broad.
br[=ae]th, _sm._ vapour, odour.
brecan, _sv. 4_, break; take (city).
bre[.g]dan, _sv. 3_, pull.
br[=e]mel, _sm._ bramble.
Breten, _sf._ Britain.
Brettas, _smpl._ the British.
Brettisc, _aj._ British [Brettas].
bringan, _wv._ bring.
br[=o]hte, _see_ bringan.
br[=o]thor, _sm._ brother.
br[=u]can, _sv. 7_, _w. gen._ enjoy, partake of.
br[=y]d, _sf._ bride.
br[=y]d-guma, _sm._ bridegroom [_literally_ bride-man].
b[=u]an, _wv._ dwell.
b[=u]end, _smpl._ dwellers [_pres. partic. of_ b[=u]an].
bufan, _prp. w. dat. and acc._ over, above, on.
b[=u]gan, _sv. 7_, bend, incline.
bundon, _see_ bindan.
burg, _sf._ city.
burg-[.g]eat, _sn._ city-gate.
b[=u]tan, _av._ outs[=i]de; _prp. w. dat._ without, except, besides [ =
be-[=u]tan].
b[=u]tan, _cj._ unless, except.
by[.c][.g]an, _wv._ buy.
byrthen, _sf._ burden [beran].
byr[.g]en, _sf._ tomb [bebyr[.g]an].
_[.g]e_byrian, _wf._ be due, befit.
byri[.g], _see_ burg.
byrst, _sf._ bristle.
_[.g]e_.b[=y]snian, _wv._ give example, illustrate.
_[.g]e_.b[=y]snung, _sf._ example.

C.

Cann, _see_ cunnan.
can[=o]n, _sm._ canon; can[=o]nes b[=e]c, canonical books.
Cantwara-burg, _sf._ Canterbury [Cantwara, _gen. of_ Cantware].
Cant-ware, _pl._ Kent-dwellers, men of Kent [_Lat._ Cantia _and_ ware].
c[=a]sere, _sm._ emperor [_Latin_ Caesar].
[.c]eaflas, _smpl._ jaws.
[.c]eald, _aj._ cold.
[.c]ealf, _sn._ calf.
[.c][=e]ap, _sn._ purchase.
[.c][=e]as, _see_ [.c][=e]osan.
[.c]easter, _sf._ city [_Latin_ castra].
c[=e]ne, _aj._ brave, bold.
c[e,]nnan, _wv._ bring forth, bear child.
C[e,]nt, _sf._ Kent [Cantia].
C[e,]nt-land, _sn._ Kent.
[.c]eorfan, _sv. 3_, cut.
[.c][=e]osan, _sv. 7_, choose.
c[=e]pan, _wv. w. gen._ attend, look out for.
[.c][=i]epan, _wv._ trade, sell [[.c][=e]ap].
[.c][=i]epend, _sm._ seller [_pres. partic. of_ [.c][=i]epan].
[.c]ierr, _sm._ turn.
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[.c]ierran, _wv._ turn, return, go--[.c]ierran t[=o], take to.
_[.g]e_.[.c]ierred-nes, _sf._ conversion.
[.c]ild, _sn._ child.
[.c]ild-h[=a]d, _sm._ childhood.
[.c]inn-b[=a]n, _sn._ jawbone.
[.c]iri[.c]e, _sf._ church.
cl[=ae]ne, _aj._ clean, pure.
clawu, _sf._ claw.
clipian, _wv._ call, summon.
clipung, _sf._ calling.
clyppan, _wv._ clip, embrace.
cnapa, _sm._ (boy, youth), servant.
cnoll, _sm._ top, summit.
coccel, _sm._ corn-cockle.
c[=o]m, _see_ cuman.
coren, _see_ [.c][=e]osan.
craeft, _sm._ skill, cunning.
cr[=i]sten, _aj._ Christian.
cuma, _sm._ stranger [cuman].
cuman, _sv. 4_, come; cuman [=u]p, land.
cunnan, _swv._ know.
cunnian, _wv._ try [cunnan].
curon, _see_ [.c][=e]osan.
c[=u]th, _aj._ known [_originally past partic. of_ cunnan].
cw[=ae]don, _see_ cwethan.
cwaeth, _see_ cwethan.
cweartern, _sn._ prison.
cw[=e]man, _wv._ please, gratify.
_[.g]e_.cw[=e]mednes, _sf._ pleasing.
cw[=e]n, _sf._ queen.
cwethan, _sv. 5_, say, speak; name, call.
cwic, _aj._ alive.
cwide, _sm._ speech, address [cwethan].
_[.g]e_cw[=i]d-r[=ae]den, _sf._ agreement.
cwithth, _see_ cwethan.
cymth, _see_ cuman.
cyne-cynn, _sn._ royal family.
cyne-l[=i]c, _aj._ royal.
cyne-l[=i]ce, _av._ like a king, royally.
cyne-st[=o]l, _sm._ throne.
cyning, _sm._ king.
cynn, _sn._ race, kind.
cyst, _sf._ excellence [[.c][=e]osan].
cysti[.g], _aj._ (excellent), charitable.
c[=y]than, _wv._ make known, tell [c[=u]th].

D.

D[=ae]d, _sf._ deed.
dae[.g], _sm._ day.
dae[.g]-hw[=ae]m-l[=i]ce, _av._ daily.
d[=ae]l, _sm._ part--be healfum d[=ae]le, by half.
d[=ae]lan, _wv._ divide, share.
d[=e]ad, _aj._ dead.
d[=e]ath, _sm._ death.
Defena-s[.c][=i]r, _sf._ Devonshire [Devonia].
dehter, _see_ dohtor.
_[.g]e_delf, _sn._ digging.
delfan, _sv. 3_, dig.
D[e,]ne, _smpl._ Danes.
D[e,]nisc, _aj._ Danish.
d[=e]ofol, _sum._ devil [_Latin_ diabolus].
d[=e]ofol-[.g]ield, _sn._ idol.
d[=e]op, _aj._ deep.
d[=e]or, _sn._ wild beast.
d[=e]ore, _aj._ dear, precious.
d[=e]or-wierthe, _aj._ precious.
d[=i]egol, _aj._ hidden, secret.
d[=i]egol-nes, _sf._ secret.
d[=i]epe, _sf._ depth [d[=e]op].
dihtan, _wv._ appoint [_Latin_ dictare].
disc-the[.g]n, _sm._ (dish-thane), waiter.
dohtor, _sf._ daughter.
d[=o]m, _sm._ doom, judgment, sentence.
d[=o]n, _sv._ do, act.
dorste, _see_ durran.
draca, _sm._ dragon.
dranc, _see_ drincan.
dr[=e]ori[.g], _aj._ sad.
dr[=i]fan, _sv. 6_, drive.
drinca, _sm._ drink.
drincan, _sv. 3_, drink.
drohtnian, _wv._ live, continue, behave.
drohtnung, _sf._ conduct.
dr[=y][.g]e, _aj._ dry.
Dryhten, _sm._ Lord,
d[=u]n, _sf._ hill, down.
durran, _swv._ dare.
duru, _sf._ door.
d[=u]st, _sn._ dust.
_[.g]e_.dwyld, _sn._ error.
dyde, _see_ d[=o]n.
dyppan, _wv._ dip.
dysi[.g], _aj._ foolish.

{102}
E.

[=E]ac, _av._ also; [=e]ac swelce, also.
[=e]acnian, _wv._ increase.
[=e]adi[.g], _aj._ (prosperous), blessed.
[=e]age, _sn._ eye.
[=e]ag-th[=y]rel, _sn._ (eye-hole), window.
eahta, _num._ eight.
[=e]a-l[=a], _interj._ oh!
eald, _aj._ old--_cp._ ieldra.
Eald-seaxe, _smpl._ Old Saxons.
ealdor, _sm._ chief, master.
ealdor-mann, _sm._ chief, officer.
eall, _aj._ all.
eall, _av._ quite ; eall sw[=a] mi[.c]el sw[=a], (quite) as much as.
eall-n[=i]we, _aj._ quite new.
eallunga, _av._ entirely.
ealu, _sn._ ale.
eard, _sm._ country, native land.
eardian, _wv._ dwell.
[=e]are, _sn._ ear.
earm, _sm._ arm.
earm, _aj._ poor, wretched, despicable.
earm-lic, _aj._ miserable.
earm-l[=i]ce, _av._ miserably, wretchedly.
earn, _sm._ eagle.
eart, _see_ wesan.
[=e]ast, _av._ eastwards.
[=e]ast-d[=ae]l, _sm._ east part, the East.
[=E]ast-[e,]n[.g]le, _smpl._ East-Anglians.
[=E]ast-seaxe, _smpl._ East-Saxons.
[=e]athe-lic, _aj._ insignificant, weak.
[=e]ath-m[=e]dan, _wv._ humble [[=e]athm[=o]d].
[=e]ath-m[=o]d, _aj._ humble.
[=e][.c]e, _aj._ eternal.
[=e][.c]-nes, _sf._ eternity.
efen, _aj._ even.
_[.g]e_.efen-l[=ae][.c]an, _wv._ imitate.
efne, _av._ behold, lo! [efen].
[e,]fsian, _wv._ clip, shear.
eft, _av._ again; afterwards, then; back.
[e,][.g]e, _sm._ fear.
[e,][.g]esa, _sm._ fear [e[.g]e].
[e,][.g]es-lic, _aj._ fearful, awful.
[=e]htere, _sm._ persecutor.
ele, _sm._ oil.
[e,]l-th[=e]odi[.g]-nes, _sf._ foreign land.
[e,]nde, _sm._ end.
[e,]ndemes, _av._ together.
_[.g]e_.[e,]ndian, _wv._ end; die.
[e,]ndlufon, _num._ eleven.
[e,]ndlyfta, _aj._ eleventh.
_[.g]e_.[e,]ndung, _sf._ ending, end.
[e,]n[.g]el, _sm._ angel [_Latin_ angelus].
[E,]n[.g]la-land, _sn._ England [[E,]n[.g]la _gen. pl. of_ [E,]n[.g]le].
[E,]n[.g]le, _smpl._ the English [Angel].
[E,]n[.g]lisc, _aj._ English--_sn._ English language [[E,]n[.g]le].
[=e]ode, _see_ g[=a]n.
eom, _see_ wesan.
eorl, _sm._ earl.
eorth-b[=u]end, _sm._ earth-dweller.
eorthe, _sf._ earth.
eorth-faest, _aj._ firm in the earth.
eorth-lic, _aj._ earthly.
eornost, _sf._ earnest.
eornost-l[=i]ce, _av._ in truth, indeed.
[=e]ow, _see_ th[=u].
etan, _sv. 5_, eat.
[=e]thel, _sm._ country, native land.

F.

Faeder, _sm._ father.
fae[.g]en, _aj._ glad.
fae[.g]er, _aj._ fair.
fae[.g]er-nes, _sf._ fairness, beauty.
fae[.g]nian, _wv. w. gen._ rejoice.
f[=ae]mne, _sf._ virgin.
f[=ae]r, _sf._ danger.
f[=ae]r-lic, _aj._ sudden.
f[=ae]r-l[=i]ce, _av._ suddenly.
faest, _aj._ fast, firm.
faestan, _wv._ fast.
faesten, _sf._ fasting.
faet, _sn._ vessel.
f[=a]g-nes, _sf._ variegation, various colours.
fandian, _wv. w. gen._ try, test, tempt [findan].
faran, _sv. 2_, go.
faru, _sf._ procession, retinue, pomp.
f[=e]a, _aj. pl._ few.
_[.g]e_.f[=e]a, _sm._ joy.
feallan, _sv. 1_, fall.
fearr, _sm._ bull; ox.
feax, _sn._ hair of head.
{103}
f[=e]dan, _wv._ feed [f[=o]da].
fela, _aj. pl. w. gen._ many.
feld, _sm._ field.
feoh, _sn._ money, property.
_[.g]e_.feoht, _sn._ fight.
feohtan, _sv. 3_, fight.
f[=e]ole, _sf._ file.
f[=e]olian, _wv._ file.
f[=e]oll, _see_ feallan.
f[=e]ond, _sm._ enemy.
feorh, _snm._ life.
feorm, _sf._ (food); feast, banquet.
feorr, _av._ far.
f[=e]ortha, _num._ fourth.
f[=e]ower, _num._ four.
_[.g]e_.f[=e]ra, _sm._ companion [f[=o]r].
f[=e]ran, _wv._ go, fare [f[=o]r].
_[.g]e_.f[=e]ran, _wv._ (go over), take possession of.
f[e,]rian, _wv._ carry [faran].
f[=e]t, _see_ f[=o]t.
f[e,]tian, _wv._ fetch--_pret._ [.g]ef[e,]tte.
_[.g]e_.f[e,]tte, _see_ f[e,]tian.
f[=i]end, _see_ f[=e]ond.
fierd, _sf._ army [faran].
fierlen, _aj._ distant [feorr].
fierst, _sm._ period, time.
f[=i]f, _num._ five.
findan, _sv. 3_ (_pret._ funde), find.
fisc, _sm._ fish.
fisc-cynn, _sn._ fish-kind.
fl[=e]am, _sm._ flight [fl[=e]on].
fleax, _sn._ flax.
fl[=e]ogan, _sv. 7_, fly.
fl[=e]on, _sv. 7_, flee.
fl[=e]otan, _sv. 7_, float.
fl[=i]tan, _sv. 6_, quarrel, dispute.
_[.g]e_.fl[=i]eman, _wv._ put to flight [fl[=e]am].
fl[=o]d, _sm._ flood.
flota, _sm._ fleet [fl[=e]otan].
flot-h[e,]re, _sm._ naval army, army of pirates.
flot-mann, _sm._ sailor, pirate.
fl[=o]wan, _sv. 1_, flow.
flugon, _see_ fl[=e]on.
flyht, _sm._ flight [fl[=e]ogan].
f[=o]da, _sm._ food.
folc, _sn._ people, nation.
folc-lic, _aj._ popular.
folgian, _wv. w. dat._ follow; obey.
f[=o]n, _sv. 1_, seize, take, capture; f[=e]ng t[=o] r[=i][.c]e, came to
the throne; t[=o]gaedre f[=e]ngon, joined together.
for, _prep. w. dat._ before--r[=i][.c]e for worulde, in the eyes of the
world; _causal_, for, because of, for the sake of--ne dorste for
Gode, for the fear of God--for th[=ae]m, therefore, for th[=ae]em
(the), because; _w. acc._, instead of, for.
f[=o]r, _sf._ journey [faran].
f[=o]r, _see_ faran.
for-.baernan, _wv._ burn up, burn, _trans._
for-.b[=e]odan, _sv. 7_, forbid.
for-.br[=e]otan, _sv. 7_, break.
for-.[.c]eorfan, _sv. 3_, cut off.
for-.dilgian, _wv._ destroy.
for-.d[=o]n, _sv._ destroy.
for-.ealdod, _aj._ aged [_past partic. of_ forealdian, grow old].
fore-s[.c][=e]awian, _wv._ pre-ordain, decree, appoint.
fore-s[e,][.c][.g]an, _wv._ say before--se foresae[.g]da, the aforesaid.
for-.[.g]iefan, _sv. 5_, _w. dat._ give, grant; forgive.
for-.[.g]ief-nes, _sf._ forgiveness.
for-.[.g][=i]eman, _wv._ neglect.
for-.[.g]ietan, _sv._ forget.
forht, _aj._ afraid.
forhtian, _wv._ be afraid.
for-.hwega, _av._ somewhere.
for-.l[=ae]tan, _sv. 1_, leave, abandon.
for-.l[=e]osan, _sv. 7_, lose.
for-.li[.g]er, _sn._ wantonness, immorality.
forma, _aj._ first--_superl._ fyrmest, first.
for-.molsnian, _wv._ crumble, decay.
for-.scrincan, _sv. 3_, shrink up.
for-s[=e]on, _sv. 5_, despise.
for-.sl[=e]an, _sv. 2_, cut through.
for-.standan, _sv. 2_, (stand before), protect.
forth, _av._ forth, forwards, on.
forth-.f[=e]ran, _wv._ depart, die.
for-.thrysman, _wv._ suffocate, choke.
{104}
for-.weorthan, _sv. 3_, perish.
f[=o]t, _sm._ foot.
fraetwian, _wv._ adorn.
fraetwung, _sf._ ornament.
fram, _prep. w. dat._ from; _agent. w. pass._ h[=i]e w[=ae]ron fram
Wyrt[.g]eorne [.g]elathode, invited by.
fr[e,]mman, _wv._ perform, do.
fr[=e]ond, _sm._ friend.
frith, _sm._ peace--frith niman, make peace.
fugol, _sm._ bird.
fuhton, _see_ feohtan.
f[=u]l, _aj._ foul, impure.
full, _aj._ full.
full-.bl[=i]the, _aj._ very glad.
full-.c[=e]ne, _aj._ very brave.
ful-l[=i]ce, _av._ fully.
full-.s[=o]th, _aj._ very true.
fultum, _sm._ help; forces, troops.
fultumian, _wv. w. dat._ help.
funde, _see_ findan.
furthor, _av._ further, more [forth].
f[=u]s, _aj._ hastening.
fyllan, _wv._ fill, fulfil [full].
f[=y]r, _sn._ fire.
fyrmest, _see_ forma.

G.

Gadrian, _wv._ gather.
gaers, _sn._ grass.
gafeloc, _sm._ missile, spear.
gafol, _sn._ interest, profit.
gamen, _sn._ sport.
g[=a]n, _sv._ go.
_[.g]e._g[=a]n, _sv._ gain, conquer.
gangende, _see_ g[=a]n.
g[=a]st, _sm._ spirit; se h[=a]lga g[=a]st, the Holy Ghost.
g[=a]st-lic, _aj._ spiritual.
[.g]e, _cj._ and--[.g]e ... [.g]e, both ... and.
[.g][=e], _see_ th[=u].
[.g]ealga, _sm._ gallows.
[.g][=e]ar, _sn._ year.
[.g]earcian, _wv._ prepare [[.g]earo].
[.g]eard, _sm._ yard, court.
[.g]earu, _aj._ ready.
[.g]earwian, _wv._ prepare.
[.g]eat, _sn._ gate.
[.g][=e]oguth, _sf._ youth.
[.g][=e]omrung, _sf._ lamentation.
[.g]eond, _prp. w. acc._ through, throughout.
[.g][=e]ong, _aj._ young.
[.g]eorn, _aj._ eager.
[.g]eorne, _av._ eagerly, earnestly.
[.g]iefan, _sv. 5_, give.
[.g]iefta, _sfpl._ marriage, wedding [[.g]iefan].
[.g]ieft-h[=u]s, _sn._ wedding-hall.
[.g]ieft-lic, _aj._ wedding.
[.g]iefu, _sf._ gift; grace (of God) [[.g]iefan].
[.g]ierla, _sm._ dress [[.g]earu].
[.g]iernan, _wv. w. gen._ yearn, desire; ask [[.g]eorn].
[.g]iet, _av._ yet; further, besides.
[.g]if, _cj._ if.
[.g]imm, _sm._ gem, jewel [_Latin_ gemma].
[.g]imm-st[=a]n, _sm._ gem, jewel.
[.g]it, _see_ th[=u].
[.g][=i]tsian, _wv._ covet.
[.g][=i]tsung, _sf._ covetousness, avarice.
glaed, _aj._ glad.
glaed-l[=i]ce, _av._ gladly.
gl[=e]aw, _aj._ prudent, wise.
gl[e,]n[.g]an, _wv._ adorn; trim (lamp).
god, _sm._ God.
god-faeder, _sm._ godfather.
god-spell, _sn._ gospel.
godspel-lic, _aj._ evangelical.
g[=o]d, _aj._ good--_compar._ b[e,]tera. _superl._ b[e,]tst.
g[=o]d, _sn._ good thing, good.
gold, _sn._ gold.
gold-hord, _sn._ treasure.
gr[=ae]di[.g]. _aj._ greedy.
gr[=ae][.g], _aj._ grey.
gr[=e]tan, _wv._ greet, salute.
grindan, _sv. 3_, grind.
gr[=i]st-b[=i]tung, _sf._ gnashing of teeth.
grymetian, _wv._ grunt, roar.
gyldan, _wv._ gild [gold].
gylden, _aj._ golden [gold].

H.

Habban, _wv._ have; take.
{105}
h[=a]d, _sm._ rank, condition.
_[.g]e_.h[=a]dod, _aj._ ordained, in orders, clerical [_past partic. of_
h[=a]dian, ordain].
haefde, haefth, _see_ habban.
haeftan, _wv._ hold fast, hold [habban].
h[=ae]lan, _wv._ heal [h[=a]l].
h[=ae]lend, _sm._ Saviour [_pres. partic. of_ h[=ae]lan].
h[=ae]lo, _sf._ salvation [h[=a]l].
h[=ae]s, _sf._ command.
haespe, _sf._ hasp.
h[=ae]te, _sf._ heat [h[=a]t].
h[=ae]th, _sf._ heath.
h[=ae]then, _aj._ heathen [h[=ae]th].
h[=a]l, _aj._ whole, sound.
_[.g]e_.h[=a]l, _aj._ whole, uninjured.
h[=a]lga, _sm._ saint.
h[=a]l[.g]ian, _wv._ hallow, consecrate.
h[=a]li[.g], _aj._ holy.
h[=a]li[.g]-d[=o]m, _sm._ holy object, relic.
h[=a]m, _av._ homewards, home.
hand, _sf._ hand.
hand-cweorn, _sf._ hand-mill.
hangian, _wv._ hang, _intr._ [h[=o]n].
h[=a]t, _aj._ hot.
h[=a]tan, _sv. 1_, command, ask--_w. inf. in passive sense_, h[=e]ton him
s[e,][.c][.g]an, bade them be told ; name--_passive_, h[=a]tte.
hatian, _wv._ hate.
h[=a]tte, _see_ h[=a]tan.
h[=e], _prn_. he.
h[=e]afod, _sn._ head.
h[=e]afod-mann, _sm._ head-man, ruler, chief.
h[=e]ah, _aj._ high--_superl._ h[=i]ehst.
healdan, _sv. 1_, hold, keep; guard; preserve; observe, keep.
healf, _aj._ half.
healf, _sf._ side.
h[=e]a-lic, _aj._ lofty [h[=e]ah].
heall, _sf._ hall.
heard, _aj._ hard ; strong; severe.
h[e,]bban, _sv. 2_, raise.
h[e,]fel-thr[=ae]d, _sm._ web-thread, thread.
h[e,]fe, _sm._ weight [h[e,]bban].
h[e,]fi[.g], _aj._ heavy [h[e,]fe].
h[e,]ll, _sf._ hell.
_[.g]e_.h[e,]nde, _aj. w. dat._ near [hand].
h[=e]o, _see_ h[=e].
heofon, _sm._ heaven--_often in plur._, heofona r[=i][.c]e.
heofon-lic, _aj._ heavenly.
h[=e]old, _see_ healdan.
heord, _sf._ herd.
heorte, _sf._ heart.
h[=e]r, _av._ here; hither--h[=e]r.aefter, &c., hereafter.
h[=e]r-be-.[=e]astan, _av._ east of this.
h[e,]re, _sm._ army.
h[e,]re-r[=e]af, _sn._ spoil.
h[e,]re-toga, _sm._ army-leader, general, chief [toga _from_ t[=e]on].
h[e,]rgian, _wv._ ravage, make war [h[e,]re].
h[e,]rgung, _sf._ (ravaging), warfare, war.
h[e,]rian, _wv._ praise.
h[=e]t, _see_ h[=a]tan.
hider, _av_. hither.
h[=i]e, _see_ h[=e].
h[=i]ehst, _see_ h[=e]ah.
hiera, _see_ h[=e].
_[.g]e_.h[=i]eran, _wv._ hear.
hierde, _sm._ shepherd [heord].
hierd-r[=ae]den, _sf._ guardianship.
hiere, _see_ h[=e].
_[.g]e_.h[=i]er-sum, _aj. w. dat._ obedient [h[=i]eran].
_[.g]e_.h[=i]ersum-nes, _sf._ obedience.
him, hine, _see_ h[=e].
h[=i]red, _snm._ family, household.
his, _see_ h[=e].
hit, _see_ h[=e].
h[=i]w, _sn._ hue, form.
hl[=ae]dder, _sf._ ladder.
hlaest, _sm._ load.
hl[=a]f, _sm._ bread, loaf of bread.
hl[=a]ford, _sm._ lord.
hl[=i]sa, _sm._ fame.
hl[=u]d, _aj._ loud.
hl[=y]dan, _wv._ make a noise, shout [hl[=u]d].
hnappian, _wv_. doze.
_[.g]e_.hoferod, _aj._ (past partic.), hump-backed.
holt, _sn._ wood.
{106}
h[=o]n, _sv. 1_, hang [hangian].
horn, _sm._ horn.
hraed-l[=i]ce, _av._ quickly.
hraedung, _sf._ hurry.
hrathe, _av._ quickly--sw[=a] hrathe sw[=a], as soon as.
hr[=e]od, _sn._ reed.
hr[=e]owan, _sv. 7_, rue, repent.
hr[=i]eman, _wv._ cry, call.
hr[=i]ther, _sn._ ox.
hr[=o]f, _sn._ roof.
hry[.c][.g], _sm._ back.
hryre, _sm._ fall [hr[=e]osan].
h[=u], _av._ how.
h[=u]-meta, _av._ how.
hund, _sn. w. gen._ hundred.
hund, _sm._ dog.
hund-feald, _aj._ hundredfold.
hund-.nigonti[.g], _num._ ninety.
hund-.tw[e,]lfti[.g], _num._ hundred and twenty.
hungor, _sm._ hunger; famine.
hungri[.g], _aj._ hungry.
h[=u]ru, _av._ especially.
h[=u]s, _sn._ house.
hux-l[=i]ce, _av._ ignominiously.
hw[=a], _prn._ who.
[.g]e.hw[=a], _prn._ every one.
hw[=ae]m, _see_ hw[=a].
hw[=ae]r, _av._ where--sw[=a] hw[=ae]r sw[=a], wherever.
[.g]e.hw[=ae]r, _av._ everywhere.
hwaes, hwaet, _see_ hw[=a].
hwaet, _interj._ what! lo! well.
hw[=ae]te, _sm._ wheat.
hwaether, _av. cj._ whether--hwaether the, _to introduce a direct
question_.
hwaethre, _av._ however.
hwanon, _av._ whence.
hwel[.c], _prn._ which; any one, any--sw[=a] hwel[.c] sw[=a], whoever.
[.g]e.hwel[.c], _prn._ any, any one.
hw[=i]l, _sf._ while, time.
hwone, _see_ hw[=a].
hwonne, _av._ when.
hw[=y], _av._ why.
h[=y]dan, _wv._ hide.
hyht, _sf._ hope.
_[.g]e_.hyhtan, _wv._ hope.
h[=y]ran, _wv._ hire.

I.

I[.c], _prn._ I.
[=i]del, _aj._ idle; useless, vain--on [=i]del, in vain.
[=i]e[.g]-land, _sn._ island.
ieldan, _wv._ delay [eald].
ieldra, _see_ eald.
ieldran, _smpl._ ancestors [_originally compar._ of eald].
iernan, _sv. 3_, run; flow.
ierre, _aj._ angry.
[=i]l, _sm._ hedgehog.
ilca, _prn._ same (always weak, and with the definite article).
in, _prp. w. dat. and acc._ in, into.
inc, _see_ th[=u].
inn, _av._ in (of motion).
innan, _prp. w. dat._ (_av._) within.
inne, _av._ within, inside.
inn-[.g]ehy[.g]d, _sn._ inner thoughts, mind.
in-t[=o], _prp. w. dat._ into.
[=I]otan, _smpl._ Jutes.
[=I]r-land, _sn._ Ireland.
I[=u]d[=e]isc, _aj._ Jewish--th[=a] I[=u]d[=e]iscan, the Jews.

L.

L[=a], _interj._ lo!--l[=a] l[=e]of! Sir!
l[=a]c, _sn._ gift; offering, sacrifice.
[.g]e.l[=ae][.c]an, _wv._ seize.
l[=ae]dan, _wv._ lead; carry, bring, take.
laeden, _sn._ Latin; language.
lae[.g], _see_ li[.c][.g]an.
l[=ae]ran, _wv. w. double acc._ teach; advise, suggest [l[=a]r].
_[.g]e_.l[=ae]red, _aj._ learned [_past partic._ of l[=ae]ran].
l[=ae]s, _av._ less--th[=y] l[=ae]s (the), _cj. w. subj._ lest.
l[=ae]tan, _sv. 1_, let; leave--h[=e]o l[=e]t th[=a] sw[=a], she let the
matter rest there.
_[.g]e_.l[=ae]te, _sn._--wega [.g]el[=ae]tu, _pl._ meetings of the roads.
l[=a]f, _sf._ remains--t[=o] l[=a]fe b[=e]on, remain over, be left
[(be)l[=i]fan].
{107}
_[.g]e._lamp, _see_ _[.g]e_limpan.
land, _sn._ land, country.
land-folc, _sn._ people of the country.
land-h[e,]re, _sm._ land-army.
land-l[=e]ode, _smpl._ people of the country.
lang, _aj._ long.
lange, _av._ for a long time, long.
lang-l[=i]ce, _av._ for a long time, long.
l[=a]r, _sf._ teaching, doctrine.
late, _av._ slowly, late--late on [.g][=e]are, late in the year.
_[.g]e._lathian, _wv._ invite.
_[.g]e._lathung, _sf._ congregation.
l[=e]af, _sf._ leave.
__[.g]e._l_[=e]afa, _sm._ belief, faith.
_[.g]e._l[=e]af-full, _aj._ believing, pious.
leahtor, _sm._ crime, vice.
l[=e]as, _aj._ without (expers), _in compos._--less; false.
l[=e]at, _see_ l[=u]tan.
l[e,][.c][.g]an, _wv._ lay [li[.c][.g]an].
_[.g]e._l[e,]ndan, _wv._ land [land].
l[=e]o, _smf._ lion.
l[=e]ode, _smpl._ people.
l[=e]of, _aj._ dear, beloved; pleasant--m[=e] w[=ae]re l[=e]ofre, I would
rather--[lufu].
leofode, _see_ libban.
leoht, _sn._ light.
leoht-faet, _sn._ (light-vessel), lamp.
leornian, _wv._ learn.
leornung-cniht, _sm._ disciple.
l[=e]t, _see_ l[=ae]tan.
libban, _wv._ live.
l[=i]c, _sn._ body, corpse.
_[.g]e._l[=i]c, _aj. w. dat._ like.
_[.g]e._l[=i]ce, _av._ in like manner, alike, equally.
li[.c][.g]an, _sv. 5_, lie.
l[=i]c-hama, _sm._ body.
l[=i]cham-l[=i]ce, _av._ bodily.
_[.g]e_l[=i]cian, _wv. w. dat._ please.
l[=i]efan, _wv. w. dat._ allow [l[=e]af].
_[.g]e._l[=i]efan, _wv._ believe [gel[=e]afa].
l[=i]f, _sn._ l[=i]fe.
lifiend, _see_ libban.
lim, _sn._ limb, member.
_[.g]e._limp, _sn._ event, emergency, calamity.
_[.g]e_.limpan, _sv. 3_, happen.
l[=i]th, _see_ li[.c][.g]an.
locc, _sm._ lock of hair.
lof, _sn._ praise; glory.
_[.g]e_.l[=o]gian, place; occupy, furnish.
_[.g]e_.l[=o]m, _aj._ frequent, repeated.
_[.g]e_.l[=o]me, _av._ often, repeatedly.
losian, _wv. w. dat._ be lost--him losath, he loses [(for)l[=e]osan].
l[=u]can, _sv. 7_, close.
lufian, _wv._ love.
lufu, _sf._ love [l[=e]of].
Lunden-burg, _sf._ London [Lundonia].
l[=u]tan, _sv. 7_, stoop.
l[=y]tel, _aj._ little.

M.

M[=a], _see_ micel.
macian, _wv._ make.
mae[.g], _swv._ can, be able.
mae[.g]en, _sn._ strength, capacity; virtue [mae[.g]].
m[=ae][.g]th, _sf._ family; tribe, nation; generation.
_[.g]e_.m[=ae]ne, _aj._ common.
_[.g]e_.m[=ae]nelic, _aj._ common, general.
m[=ae]re, _aj._ famous, glorious, great (metaphorically).
_[.g]e_.m[=ae]re, _sn._ boundary, territory.
m[=ae]rsian, _wv._ extol, celebrate [m[=ae]re].
m[=ae]rtho, _sf._ glory [m[=ae]re].
maesse, _sf._ mass [_Latin_ missa].
maesse-pr[=e]ost, _sm._ mass-priest.
m[=ae]st, _see_ mi[.c]el.
magon, _see_ mae[.g].
man, _indef._ one [mann].
m[=a]n, _sn._ wickedness.
m[=a]n-d[=ae]d, _sf._ wicked deed.
m[=a]n-full, _aj._ wicked.
mangere, _sm._ merchant.
mangung, _sf._ trade, business.
mani[.g], _aj._ many.
man[=i][.g]-feald, _aj._ manifold.
mani[.g]-fieldan, _wv._ multiply [mani[.g]feald].
mann, _sm._ man; person.
mann-cynn, _sn._ mankind.
{108}
mann-r[=ae]den, _sf._ allegiance.
mann-slaga, _sm._ manslayer, murderer [sl[=e]an, sl[e,][.g]e].
m[=a]re, _see_ mi[.c]el.
martyr, _sm._ martyr.
m[=a]thm, _sm._ treasure.
m[=a]thm-faet, _sn._ precious vessel.
m[=e], _see_ ic.
mearc, _sf._ boundary.
m[=e]d, _sf._ reward, pay.
m[=e]der, _see_ m[=o]dor.
m[e,]nn, _see_ mann.
m[e,]nnisc, _aj._ human [mann].
m[e,]re-grot, _sr._ pearl [margarita].
mer[.g]en, _sm._ morning [morgen].
_[.g]e_.met, _sn._ measure; manner, way.
metan, _sv. 5_, measure.
_[.g]e_.m[=e]tan, _wv._ meet; find [[.g]em[=o]t].
m[e,]te, _sm._ food--pl. m[e,]ttas.
mi[.c]el, _aj._ great, much--_comp._ m[=a]re, m[=a] (_adv._, _sn._,
_aj._), _sup._ m[=ae]st.
mi[.c]le, _av._ greatly, much.
mid, _prp. w. dat._ (_instr._) with--mid th[=ae]m the, _cj._ when.
middan-[.g]eard, _sm._ world [_literally_ middle enclosure].
midde, _aj._ mid, middle (only of time).
middel, _sn._ middle.
Middel-[e,]n[.g]le, _smpl._ Middle-Angles.
Mier[.c]e, _smpl._ Mercians [mearc].
miht, _sf._ might, strength; virtue [mae[.g]].
mihte, _see_ mae[.g].
mihti[.g], _aj._ mighty, strong.
m[=i]l, _sf._ mile [_Latin_ milia (passuum)].
mild-heort, _aj._ mild-hearted, merciful.
_[.g]e_.miltsian, _wv. w. dat._ have mercy on, pity [milde].
m[=i]n, _see_ ic.
mis-l[=ae]dan, _wv._ mislead, lead astray.
mis-lic, _aj._ various.
m[=o]d, _sn._ heart, mind.
m[=o]dig, _aj._ proud.
m[=o]di[.g]-nes, _sf._ pride.
m[=o]dor, _sf._ mother.
molde, _sf._ mould, earth.
m[=o]na, _sm._ moon.
m[=o]nath, _sm._ month--_pl._ m[=o]nath [m[=o]na].
morgen, _sm._ morning.
morth, _sn._ (murder), crime.
m[=o]ste, see m[=o]tan.
_[.g]e._m[=o]t, _sn._ meeting.
m[=o]tan, _swv._ may; ne m[=o]t, must not.
_[.g]e._munan, _swv._ remember.
munt, _sm._ mountain, hill [_Latin_ montem].
munuc, _sm._ monk [_Latin_ monachus].
murcnian, _wv._ grumble, complain.
m[=u]th, _sm._ mouth.
m[=u]tha, _sm._ mouth of a river [m[=u]th].
_[.g]e._mynd, _sf._ memory, mind [[.g]emunan].
_[.g]e._myndi[.g], _aj. w. gen._ mindful.
mynet, _sf._ coin [_Latin_ moneta].
mynetere, _sm._ money-changer.
mynster, _sn._ monastery [_Latin_ monasterium].

N.

N[=a], _av._ not, no [ = ne [=a]].
nabban = ne habban.
n[=ae]ddre, _sf._ snake.
naefde, naefst, = ne haefde, ne haefst.
n[=ae]fre, _av._ never [ = ne [=ae]fre].
nae[.g]el, _sm._ nail.
naes = ne waes.
n[=a]ht, _prn. w. gen._ naught, nothing [ = n[=a]n wiht].
n[=a]ht-nes, _sf._ worthlessness, cowardice.
nam, _see_ niman.
nama, _sm._ name.
n[=a]mon, _see_ niman.
n[=a]n, _prn._ none, no [ = ne [=a]n].
n[=a]t = ne w[=a]t.
n[=a]wther, _prn._ neither [ = ne [=a]hwaether (either)].
ne, _av._ not--ne ... ne, neither ... not.
{109}
n[=e]ah, _av._ near; _superl._ n[=i]ehst--aet n[=i]ehstan, next,
immediately, afterwards.
nearu, _aj._ narrow.
n[=e]a-wist, _sfm._ neighbourhood [wesan].
n[e,]mnan, _wv._ name [nama].
neom = ne eom.
nese, _av._ no.
n[e,]tt, _sn._ net.
n[=i]ed, _sf._ need.
n[=i]edunga, _av._ needs, by necessity.
n[=i]ehst, _see_ n[=e]ah.
n[=i]eten, _sn._ animal.
nigon, _num._ nine.
nigotha, _aj._ ninth.
niht, _sf._ night.
niman, _sv. 4_, take, capture; take in marriage, marry.
nis = ne is.
nither, _av._ down.
n[=i]we, _aj._ new.
_[.g]e_.n[=o]g, _aj._ enough.
nolde = ne wolde.
north, _av._ north.
Northhymbra-land, _sn._ Northumberland.
North-hymbre, _smpl._ Northumbrians [Humbra].
northan-weard, _aj._ northward.
North-m[e,]nn, _pl._ Norwegians.
n[=u], _av._ now, just now; _cj. causal_, now that, since.
n[=u].[.g]iet, _av._ still.
_[.g]e_.nyht-sum-nes, _sf._ sufficience, abundance.
nyle, = ne wile.
nyste, nyton = ne wiste, ne witon.

O.

Of, _prp. w. dat._ of, from _of place_, _origin_, _privation_, _release_,
&c.; _partitive_, s[e,]llath [=u]s of [=e]owrum ele, some of your
oil.
of-.dr[=ae]dd, _aj._ afraid [_past partic. of_ ofdr[=ae]dan, dread].
ofer, _prp. w. dat. and acc._ over; on; _of time_, during, throughout,
over.
ofer-gyld, _aj._ (past partic.), gilded over, covered with gold.
ofer-.h[e,]rgian, _wv._ ravage, over-run.
ofer-.s[=a]wan, _sv. 2_, sow over.
offrian, _wv._ offer, sacrifice [_Latin_ offerre].
offrung, _sf._ offering, sacrifice.
of-.sl[=e]an, _sv. 2_, slay.
of-.sn[=i]than, _sv. 6_, kill [sn[=i]than, cut].
of-spring, _sm._ offspring [springan].
oft, _av._ often.
of-.t[=e]on, _sv. 7, w. dat. of pers. and gen. of thing_, deprive.
of-.thyrst, _aj._ thirsty [_past partic. of_ ofthyrstan, _from_ thurst].
of-.wundrian, _wv. w. gen._ wonder.
[=o]-l[=ae][.c]ung, _sf._ flattery.
olfend, _sm._ camel [_Latin_ elephas].
on, _prp. w. dat. and acc._ on; in; _hostility_, against, on h[=i]e
fuhton; _of time_, in.
on-.byr[.g]an, _wv._ taste.
on-.cn[=a]wan, _sv. 1_, know, recognize.
on.dr[=ae]dan, _sv. 1_, _wv._ dread, fear.
on-.f[=o]n, _sv. 1_, receive.
on-.[.g][=e]an, _prp. w. dat. and acc._ towards; _hostility_, against.
on-.[.g][=e]an, _av._ back--[.g]ew[e,]nde on-[.g][=e]an, returned.
on-[.g]inn, _sn._ beginning.
on-.[.g]innan, _sv. 3_, begin.
on-.liehtan, _wv._ illuminate, enlighten [leoht].
on.liehtung, _sf._ illumination, light.
on-.l[=u]can, _sv. 7_, unlock.
on-.middan, _prp. w. dat._ in the midst of.
on-s[=i]en, _sf._ appearance, form.
on-sund, _aj._ sound, whole.
on-.uppan, _prp. w. dat._ upon.
on-weald, _sm._ rule, authority, power; territory.
on-.we[.g], _av._ away.
open, _aj._ open.
openian, _wv._ open, reveal, disclose.
orgel-l[=i]ce, _av._ proudly.
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or-m[=ae]te, _aj._ immense, boundless [metan].
or-sorg, _aj._ unconcerned, careless.
oth, _prp. w. acc._ until--oth thaet, _cj._ until; up to, as far as.
[=o]ther, _prn._ (always strong), second; other.
oththe, _cj._ or--oththe ... oththe, either ... or.
oxa, _sm._ ox.

P.

P[=a]pa, _sm._ pope [_Latin_ papa].
p[e,]ning, _sm._ penny.
Peohtas, _smpl._ Picts.
Philist[=e]isc, _aj._ Philistine.
Pihtisc, _aj._ Pictish [Peohtas].
plegian, _wv._ play.
post, _sm._ post [_Latin_ postis].
pr[=e]ost, _sm._ priest [_Latin_ presbyter].
pund, _sn._ pound [_Latin_ pondus].
pytt, _sm._ pit [_Latin_ puteus].

R.

Racent[=e]ag, _ sf._ chains.
r[=a]d, _see_ r[=i]dan.
_[.g]e_.r[=a]d, _sn._ reckoning, account; on th[=a] [.g]er[=a]d thaet, on
condition that.
r[=ae]d, _sm._ advice; what is advisable, plan of action--him r[=ae]d
th[=u]hte, it seemed advisable to him.
ramm, _sm._ ram.
r[=a]p, _sm._ rope.
r[=e]af, _sn._ robe, dress.
reahte, _see_ re[.c][.c]an.
r[=e][.c]an, _wv. w. gen._ reck, care.
r[e,][.c][.c]an, _wv._ tell, narrate.
_[.g]e_.r[e,][.c]ednes, _sf._ narrative.
_[.g]e_.r[=e]fa, _sm._ officer, reeve, bailiff.
re[.g]en, _sm._ rain.
r[=e]the, _aj._ fierce, cruel.
r[=i][.c]e, _aj._ powerful, of high rank.
r[=i][.c]e, _sn._ kingdom, sovereignty, government.
r[=i][.c]etere, _sn._ (ambition), pomp.
r[=i][.c]sian, _wv._ rule.
r[=i]dan, _sv. 6_, ride.
riftere, _sm._ reaper.
riht, _aj._ right; righteous.
riht-l[=i]ce, _av._ rightly, correctly.
riht-w[=i]s, _aj._ righteous.
riht-w[=i]snes, _sf._ righteousness.
r[=i]m, _sm._ number.
r[=i]man, _wv._ count.
r[=i]nan, _wv._ rain [re[.g]en].
r[=i]pan, _sv. 6_, reap.
r[=i]pere, _sm._ reaper.
r[=i]p-t[=i]ma, _sm._ reaping-time, harvest.
r[=o]hte, _see_ r[=e][.c]an.
R[=o]me-burg, _sf._ city of Rome.
r[=o]wan, _sv. 1_, row.
ryne, _sm._ course.
_[.g]e_.r[=y]ne, _sn._ mystery.

S.

S[=ae], _sf._ sea--_dat._ s[=ae].
s[=ae]d, _sn._ seed.
sae[.g]de, _see_ s[e,][.c][.g]an.
s[=ae]l, _sm._ time, occasion.
_[.g]e_.s[=ae]li[.g], _aj._ happy, blessed.
_[.g]e_.s[=ae]li[.g]-l[=i]ce, _av._ happily, blessedly.
saet, s[=ae]ton, _see_ sittan.
sagol, _sm._ rod, staff.
[.g]e.samnian, _wv._ collect, assemble.
samod, _av_. together, with.
sanct, _sm._ saint [_Latin_ sanctus].
sand, _sf._ dish of food [s[e,]ndan].
sand-[.c]eosol, _sm._ sand (_literally_ sand-gravel).
s[=a]r, _sn._ grief.
s[=a]r, _aj._ grievous.
s[=a]ri[.g], _aj._ sorry, sad.
s[=a]wan, _sv. 1_, sow.
s[=a]were, _sm._ sower.
s[=a]wol, _sf._ soul.
scamu, _sf._ shame.
scand, _sf._ disgrace.
scand-lic, _aj._ shameful.
s[.c][=e]af, _sm._ sheaf [sc[=u]fan].
s[.c][=e]af-m[=ae]lum, _av._ sheafwise.
_[.g]e_.s[.c]eaft, _sf._ creature, created thing. s[.c]eal, _swv._ ought
to, must; shall.
s[.c][=e]ap, _sn._ sheep.
s[.c]eatt, _sm._ (tribute); money.
s[.c][=e]awere, _sm._ spy, witness.
s[.c][=e]awian, _wv._ see; examine; read.
s[.c][=e]awung, _sf._ seeing, examination.
s[.c][=e]otan, _sv. 7_, shoot.
{111}
s[.c]ieppan, _sv. 2_, create.
s[.c]ieran, _sv. 4_, shear.
s[.c]ip, _sn._ ship.
s[.c]ip-h[e,]re, _sm._ fleet.
s[.c]ip-hlaest, _sm._ (shipload), crew.
s[.c][=i]r, _sf._ shire.
scolde, _see_ sceal.
sc[=o]p, _see_ s[.c]ieppan.
scort, _aj._ short.
scotian, _wv._ shoot [s[.c][=e]otan].
Scot-land, _sn._ Ireland.
Scottas, _smpl._ the Irish.
scotung, _sf._ shot.
scraef, _sn._ cave.
scr[=i]n, _sn._ shrine [_Latin_ scrinium].
scrincan, _sv. 3_, shrink.
scr[=u]d, _sn._ dress.
scr[=y]dan, _wv._ clothe [scr[=u]d].
sc[=u]fan, _sv. 7_, push--sc[=u]fan [=u]t, launch (ship).
sculon, _see_ s[.c]eal.
scuton, _see_ s[.c][=e]otan.
scyld, _sf._ guilt [sculon, sceal].
scyldig, _aj._ guilty.
scylen, _see_ sceal.
Scyttisc, _aj._ Scotch [Scottas].
se, s[=e], _prn._ that; the; he; who.
_[.g]e_seah, _see_ _[.g]e_s[=e]on.
sealde, _see_ s[e,]llan.
s[=e]ath, _sm._ pit.
Seaxe, _smpl._ Saxons.
s[=e][.c]an, _wv._ seek; visit, come to; attack.
s[e,][.c][.g]an, _wv._ say.
self, _prn._ self.
s[e,]llan, _wv._ give; sell.
s[=e]lest, _av. superl._ best.
s[e,]ndan, _wv._ send, send message [sand].
s[=e]o, _see_ se.
seofon, _num._ seven.
seofotha, _aj._ seventh.
seolc, _sf._ silk.
seolcen, _aj._ silken.
seolfor, _sn._ silver.
_[.g]e._s[=e]on, _sv. 5_, see.
s[=e]ow, _see_ s[=a]wan.
_[.g]e._s[e,]tnes, _sf._ narrative [s[e,]ttan].
s[e,]ttan, _wv._ set; appoint, institute--d[=o]m s[e,]ttan _w. dat._ pass
sentence on; compose, write; create [sittan].
sibb, _sf._ peace.
_[.g]e_.sibb-sum, _aj._ peaceful.
s[=i]e, _see_ wesan.
s[=i]efer-l[=i]ce, _av._ purely.
s[=i]efre, _aj._ pure.
sierwung, _sf._ stratagem.
siex, _num._ six.
siexta, _aj._ sixth.
siexti[.g], _num._ sixty.
siexti[.g]-feald, _aj._ sixtyfold.
si[.g]e, _sm._ victory--si[.g]e niman, gain the victory.
si[.g]e-faest, _aj._ victorious.
_[.g]e_.sihth, _sf._ sight; vision, dream [[.g]es[=e]on].
sifren, _aj._ silver.
simle, _av._ always.
sind, _see_ wesan.
sinu, _sf_, sinew.
sittan, _sv. 5_, sit; settle, stay.
_[.g]e_.sittan, _sv. 5_, take possession of.
s[=i]th, _sm._ journey.
s[=i]thian, _wv._ journey, go.
siththan, _av._ since, afterwards; cj. when.
sl[=ae]p, _sm._ sleep.
sl[=ae]pan, _sv. 1_, sleep,
slaga, _sm._ slayer. [sl[=e]an, _past. partic._ [.g]eslae[.g]en].
sl[=a]w, _aj._ slow, slothful, dull.
sl[=e]an, _sv. 2_, strike; slay, kill.
sl[e,][.c][.g], _sm._ hammer [slaga, sl[=e]an].
sl[e,][.g]e, _sm._ killing [slaga, sl[=e]an].
sl[=e]p, _see_ sl[=ae]pan.
sl[=o]g, _see_ sl[=e]an.
smael, _aj._ narrow.
sm[=e]an, _wv._ consider, think; consult.
sm[=e]ocan, _sv. 7_, smoke.
sm[=e]the, _aj._ smooth.
snotor, _aj._ wise, prudent.
s[=o]na, _av._ soon; then.
sorg, _sf._ sorrow.
s[=o]th, _aj._ true.
s[=o]th, _sn._ truth.
s[=o]th-l[=i]ce, _av._ truly, indeed.
spade, _wf._ spade [_Lati_n spatha].
{112}
spr[=ae][.c], _sf._ speech, language; conversation [sprecan].
sprecan, _sv. 5_, speak.
spr[e,]n[.g]an, _wv._ (scatter); sow [springan].
springan, _sv. 3_, spring.
sprungen, _see_ springan.
st[=ae]nen, _aj._ of stone [st[=a]n].
st[=ae]niht, _sn._ stony ground [_originally adj._ 'stony,' from
st[=a]n].
st[=a]n, _sm._ stone; brick.
standan, _sv. 2_, stand.
st[=e]ap, _aj._ steep.
st[e,]de, _sm._ place.
stefn, _sf._ voice.
stelan, _sv. 4_, steal.
st[e,]nt, _see_ standan.
st[=e]or, _sf._ steering, rudder.
steorra, _sm._ star.
sticol, _aj._ rough.
st[=i]epel, _sm._ steeple [st[=e]ap].
st[=i]eran, _wv. w. dat._ restrain [st[=e]or].
_[.g]e_.stillan, _wv._ stop, prevent.
stille, _aj._ still, quiet.
st[=o]d, _see_ standan.
st[=o]l, _sm._ seat.
st[=o]w, _sf._ place.
str[=ae]t, _sf._ street, road [_Latin_ strata via].
strand, _sm._ shore.
strang, _aj._ strong.
str[=e]dan, _wv._ (scatter), sow.
str[e,]n[.g]tho, _sf._ strength [strang].
[.g]e.str[=e]on, _sn._ possession.
[.g]e.str[=i]enan, _wv._ gain [[.g]estr[=e]on].
str[=u]tian, _wv._ strut.
sty[.c][.c]e, _sn._ piece.
sum, _prn._ some, a certain (one), one; a.
_[.g]e_.sund, _aj._ sound, healthy.
_[.g]e_.sund-full. _aj._ safe and sound.
sundor, _av._ apart.
sunne, _sf._ sun.
sunu, _sm._ son.
s[=u]th, _av._ south, southwards.
s[=u]than, _av._ from the south.
s[=u]than-weard, _aj._ southward.
s[=u]th-d[=ae]l, _sm._ the South.
s[=u]therne, _aj._ southern.
S[=u]th-seaxe, _smpl._ South-Saxons.
sw[=a], _av._ so; sw[=a], sw[=a], as, like--sw[=a] ... sw[=a], so ... as.
sw[=a]c, _see_ sw[=i]can.
sw[=a]-.th[=e]ah, _av._ however.
swefn, _sn._ sleep; dream.
swel[.c], _prn._ such.
swel[.c]e, _av._ as if, as it were, as, like.
sweltan, _sv. 3_, die.
sw[e,]n[.c]an, _wv._ afflict, molest [swincan].
sw[e,]n[.g], _sm._ stroke, blow [swingan].
sw[=e]or, _sm._ pillar.
sw[=e]ora, _sm._ neck.
sweord, _sn._ sword.
sweord-bora, _sm._ sword-bearer [beran].
sweotol, _aj._ clear, evident.
sweotolian, _wv._ display, show, indicate.
sweotolung, _sf._ manifestation, sign.
sw[e,]rian, _sv. 2_, swear.
sw[=i]c, _sm._ deceit.
_[.g]e_.sw[=i]can, _sv. 6_ (fail, fall short); cease (betray).
sw[=i]c-d[=o]m, _sm._ deceit [sw[=i]can].
swicol, _aj._ deceitful, treacherous.
swicon, _see_ sw[=i]can.
swift, _aj._ swift.
sw[=i]gian, _wv._ be silent.
swincan, _sv. 3_, labour, toil.
swingan, _sv. 3_, beat.
swingle, _sf._ stroke [swingan].
swipe, _sm._ whip.
sw[=i]the, _av._ very, much, greatly, violently--_cp._ sw[=i]thor,
rather, more.
sw[=i]th-lic, _aj._ excessive, great.
sw[=i]thre, _sf._ right hand [_cp. of_ sw[=i]the _with_ hand
_understood_].
swulton, _see_ sweltan.
swuncon, _see_ swincan.
swungon, _see_ swingan.
syndri[.g], _aj._ separate [sundor].
syn-full, _aj._ sinful.
syngian, _wv._ sin.
synn, _sf._ sin.

{113}
T.

T[=a]cen, _sn._ sign, token; miracle.
t[=a]cnian, _wv._ signify.
_[.g]e_.t[=a]cnung, _sf._ signification, type.
t[=ae][.c]an, _wv. w. dat._ show; teach.
talu, _sf._ number [getel].
tam, _aj._ tame.
t[=a]wian, _wv._ ill-treat.
t[=e]am, _sm._ progeny [t[=e]on].
_[.g]e_.tel, _sn._ number.
t[e,]llan, _wv._ count, account--t[e,]llan t[=o] n[=a]hte, count as
naught [talu].
T[e,]mes, _sf._ Thames [Tamisia].
tempel, _sn._ temple [_Latin_ templum].
t[=e]on, _sv. 7_, pull, drag.
t[=e]ona, _sm._ injury, insult.
t[=e]on-r[=ae]den, _sf._ humiliation.
t[=e]th, _see_ t[=o]th.
ti[.c][.c]en, _sn._ kid.
t[=i]d, _sf._ time; hour.
t[=i]e[.g]an, _wv._ tie.
t[=i]eman, _wv._ teem, bring forth [t[=e]am].
t[=i]en, _num._ ten.
tierwe, _sf._ tar.
ti[.g]ele, _wf._ tile [_Latin_ tegula].
t[=i]ma, _sm._ time.
timbrian, _wv._ build.
_[.g]e_.timbrung, _sf._ building.
tintre[.g], _sn._ torture.
tintregian, _wv._ torture.
t[=o], _prp. w. dat._ (_av._) to--t[=o] abbode [.g]es[e,]tt, made abbot;
_time_, at--t[=o] langum fierste, for a long time; _adverbial_, t[=o]
scande, ignominiously; _fitness_, _purpose_, _for_--th[=ae]m folce
(dat.) t[=o] d[=e]athe, to the death of the people, so that the
people were killed; t[=o] th[=ae]m thaet, cj. in order that--t[=o]
thaem (sw[=i]the) ... thaet, so (greatly) ... that.
t[=o], _av._ too.
t[=o]-.berstan, _sv. 3_, burst, break asunder.
t[=o]-.brecan, _sv. 4_, break in pieces, break through.
t[=o]-.bre[.g]dan, _sv. 3_, tear asunder.
t[=o]-.cw[=i]esan, _wv._ crush, bruise.
t[=o]-cyme, _sm._ coming [cuman].
t[=o]-.dae[.g], _av._ to-day.
t[=o]-.d[=ae]lan, _wv._ disperse; separate, divide.
t[=o]-.gaedre, _av._ together.
t[=o]-.[.g][=e]anes, _prp. w. dat._ towards--him t[=o][.g][=e]anes, to
meet him.
t[=o]l, _sn._ tool.
t[=o]-.l[=i]esan, _wv._ loosen [l[=e]as].
t[=o]-.middes, _prp. w. dat._ in the midst of.
t[=o]-.teran, _sv. 4_, tear to pieces.
t[=o]th, _sm._ tooth.
t[=o]-weard, _aj._ future.
t[=o]-.weorpan, _sv. 3_, overthrow, destroy.
tr[=e]ow, _sn._ tree.
_[.g]e_.tr[=e]owe, _aj._ true, faithful.
trum, _aj._ strong.
trymman, _wv._ strengthen [trum].
trymmung, _sf._ strengthening, encouragement.
t[=u]cian, _wv._ ill-treat.
tugon, _see_ t[=e]on.
t[=u]n, _sm._ village, town.
tw[=a], tw[=ae]m, _see_ tw[=e][.g]en.
tw[=e][.g]en, _num._ two.
tw[e,]lf, _num._ twelve.
tw[e,]nti[.g], _num. w. gen._ twenty.

Th.

Th[=a], _av. cj._ then; when--th[=a] th[=a], when, while--_correlative_
th[=a] ... th[=a], when ... (then).
th[=a], th[=ae]m, &c., _see_ se.
th[=ae]r, _av._ there--th[=ae]rt[=o], &c. thereto, to it; where--th[=ae]r
th[=ae]r, _correl._ where.
th[=ae]re, _see_ se.
th[=ae]r-rihte, _av._ immediately.
thaes, _av._ therefore; wherefore.
thaes, thaet, _see_ se.
thaet, _cj._ that.
_[.g]e_.thafian, _wv._ allow, permit.
th[=a]-.[.g]iet, _av._ still, yet.
thanc, _sm._ thought; thanks.
thancian, _wv. w. gen. of thing and dat. of person_, thank.
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thanon, _av._ thence, away.
th[=a]s, _see_ this.
the, _rel. prn._ who--s[=e] the, who; _av._ when.
th[=e], _see_ th[=u].
th[=e]ah, _av. cj._ though, yet, however--th[=e]ah the, although.
thearf, _swv._ need.
thearle, _av._ very, greatly.
th[=e]aw, _sm._ custom, habit; th[=e]awas, virtues, morality.
the[.g]en, _sm._ thane; servant.
the[.g]nian, _wv. w. dat._ serve.
the[.g]nung, _sf._ service, retinue.
th[e,]n[.c]an, _wv._ think, expect [thanc].
th[=e]od, _sf._ people, nation.
_[.g]e_.th[=e]ode, _sn._ language.
th[=e]of, _sm._ thief.
th[=e]os, _see_ thes.
th[=e]ostru, _spl._ darkness.
th[=e]ow, _sm._ servant.
th[=e]ow-d[=o]m, _sm._ service.
th[=e]owian, _wv. w. dat._ serve.
th[=e]owot, _sn._ servitude.
thes, _prn._ this.
thi[.c][.c]e, _aj._ thick.
thi[.c][.g]an, _sv. 5_, take, receive; eat, drink.
th[=i]n, _see_ th[=u].
thing, _sn._ thing.
this, thissum, &c., _see_ thes.
_[.g]e_.p[=o]ht, _sm._ thought.
th[=o]hte, _see_ th[e,]n[.c]an.
thone, _see_ se.
thonne, _av. cj._ then; when; because.
thonne, _av._ than.
thorfte, _see_ thearf.
thorn, _sm._ thorn.
thr[=ae]d, _sm._ thread.
thr[=e]o, _see_ thr[=i]e.
thridda, _aj._ third.
thr[=i]e, _num._ three.
thrim, _see_ thr[=i]e.
thriti[.g], _num._ thirty.
thriti[.g]-feald, _aj._ thirtyfold.
thrymm, _sm._ glory.
th[=u], _prn._ thou.
th[=u]hte, _see_ thyn[.c]an.
_[.g]e_.thungen, _aj._ excellent, distinguished.
thurh, _prp. w. acc._ through; _causal_, through, by.
thurh-.wunian, _wv._ continue.
thurst, _sm._ thirst.
thursti[.g], _aj._ thirsty.
thus, _av._ thus.
th[=u]send, _sn._ thousand.
_[.g]e_.thw[=ae]r-l[=ae][.c]an, _wv._ agree.
th[=y], _instr. of_ se; _av._ because.
th[=y]fel, _sm._ bush.
th[=y].l[=ae]s, _cj._ lest.
thyn[.c]an, _wv. impers. w. dat._ m[=e] thyn[.c]th, methinks
[th[e,]n[.c]an].
th[=y]rel, _sn._ hole [thurh].

U.

Ufe-weard, _aj._ upward, at the top of.
un-[=a]r[=i]med-lic, _aj._ innumerable.
unc, _see_ ic.
un-_[.g]e_cynd, _aj._ strange, of alien family.
un-d[=e]ad-lic-nes, _sf._ immortality.
under, _prp. w. dat. and acc._ under.
under-cyning, _sm._ under-king.
under-.delfan, _sv._ dig under.
under-.f[=o]n, _sv. 1_, receive, take.
under-.[.g]ietan, _sv. 5_, understand.
undern-t[=i]d, _sf._ morning-time.
un-forht, _aj._ dauntless.
un-for-molsnod, _aj._ (past partic.) undecayed.
un-_[.g]e_h[=i]ersum, _aj. w. dat._ disobedient.
un-hold, _aj._ hostile.
un-_[.g]e_metlic, _aj._ immense.
un-mihti[.g], _aj._ weak.
un-nytt, _aj._ useless.
un-rihtl[=i]ce, _av._ wrongly.
un-rihtw[=i]s, _aj._ unrighteous.
un-_[.g]e_r[=i]m, _sn._ countless number or quantity.
un-_[.g]e_r[=i]m, _aj._ countless.
un-_[.g]e_s[=ae]li[.g], _aj._ unhappy, accursed.
un-scyldi[.g], _aj._ innocent.
un-t[=i]emend, _aj._ barren [_from pres. partic._ of t[=i]eman].
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un-_[.g]e_thw[=ae]r-nes, _sf._ discord.
un-_[.g]e_witti[.g], _aj._ foolish.
[=u]p, _av._ up.
[=u]p-[=a]hafen-nes, _sf._ conceit, arrogance.
[=u]p-fl[=o]r, _sf._ (_dat. sing._ -a) upper floor, upper story.
uppan, _prp. w. dat._ on, upon.
urnon, _see_ iernan.
[=u]s, _see_ ic.
[=u]t, _av._ out.
[=u]tan, _av._ outside.
uton, _defect. verb, w. infin._ let us--uton g[=a]n, let us go!

W.

Wacian, _wv._ be awake, watch.
w[=ae]dla, _sm._ poor man.
wael, _sn._ slaughter--wael [.g]e.sl[=e]an, make a slaughter.
wael-hr[=e]ow, _aj._ cruel.
waelhr[=e]ow-l[=i]ce, _av._ cruelly, savagely.
waelhr[=e]ownes, _sf._ cruelty.
w[=ae]pen, _sn._ weapon.
waer, _aj._ wary.
w[=ae]ron, waes, _see_ wesan.
waestm, _sm._ (growth); fruit.
waeter, _sn._ water.
waeter-s[.c]ipe, _sm._ piece of water, water.
w[=a]fung, _sf._ (spectacle), display.
-ware, _pl._ (only in composition) dwellers, inhabitants [_originally
defenders, cp._ w[e,]rian].
w[=a]t, _see_ witan.
_[.g]e_w[=a]t, _see_ _[.g]e_w[=i]tan.
w[=e], _see_ ic.
_[.g]e_.weald, _sn._ power, command.
wealdan, _sv. 1, w. gen._ rule.
Wealh, _sm._ (_pl._ W[=e]alas), _sm._ Welshman, Briton (_originally_
foreigner).
weall, _sm._ wall.
weall-l[=i]m, _sm._ (wall-lime), cement, mortar.
wearg, _sm._ felon, criminal [_originally_ wolf, _then_ proscribed man,
outlaw].
weaxan, _sv. 1_, grow, increase.
we[.g], _sm._ way, road.
we[.g]-f[=e]rende, _aj._ (pres. partic.) way-faring.
wel, _av._ well.
wel-willend-nes, _sf._ benevolence.
w[=e]nan, _wv._ expect, think.
_[.g]e_.w[e,]ndan, _wv._ turn; go [windan].
w[e,]nian, _wv._ accustom, wean [[.g]ewuna].
weofod, _sn._ altar.
weorc, _sn._ work.
weorpan, _sv. 3_, throw.
weorth, _sn._ worth.
weorth, _aj._ worth, worthy.
weorthan, _sv. 3_, happen; become--w. aet spr[=ae][.c]e, enter into
conversation.
_[.g]e_.weorthan, _sv. 3, impers. w. dat._--him [.g]ewearth, they agreed
on.
weorth-full, _aj._ worthy.
weorthian, _wv._ honour, worship; make honoured, exalt.
weorth-l[=i]ce, _aj._ honourably.
weorth-mynd, _sf._ honour.
w[=e]ox, _see_ weaxan.
w[=e]pan, _sv. 1_, weep.
wer, _sm._ man.
w[e,]rian, _wv._ defend [waer].
werod, _sn._ troop, army.
wesan, _sv._ be.
west, _av._ west.
West-seaxe, _smpl._ West-saxons.
w[=e]ste, _aj._ waste, desolate.
w[=i]d, _aj._ wide.
w[=i]de, _av._ widely, far and wide.
widewe, _sf._ widow.
_[.g]e_.wieldan, _wv._ overpower, conquer [wealdan].
wierthe, _aj. w. gen._ worthy [weorth].
w[=i]f, _sn._ woman; wife.
w[=i]f-healf, _sf._ female side.
w[=i]f-mann, _sm._ woman.
wiht, _sf._ wight, creature, thing.
Wiht, _sf._ Isle of Wight [Vectis].
Wiht-ware, _pl._ Wight-dwellers.
wilde, _aj._ wild.
wild[=e]or, _sn._ wild beast.
willa, _sm._ will.
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willan, _swv._ will, wish; _of repetition_, be used to.
_[.g]e_.wilnian, _wv. w. gen._ desire.
w[=i]n, _sn._ wine.
wind, _sm._ wind.
windan, _sv. 3_, wind.
w[=i]n-[.g]eard, _sm._ vineyard.
winnan, _sv. 3_, fight.
_[.g]e_.winnan, _sv. 3_, win, gain.
winter, (_pl._ winter), _sm._ winter; _in reckoning_ = year.
winter-setl, _sn._ winter-quarters.
w[=i]s, _aj._ wise.
w[=i]s-d[=o]m, _sm._ wisdom.
w[=i]se, _sf._ (wise), way.
_[.g]e_.wiss, _aj._ certain.
_[.g]e_.wissian, _wv._ guide, direct.
_[.g]e_.wissung, _sf._ guidance, direction.
wiste, _see_ witan.
wit, _see_ ic.
wita, _sm._ councillor, sage.
witan, _swv._ know.
_[.g]e_.w[=i]tan, _sv. 6_, depart.
w[=i]te, _sn._ punishment; torment.
w[=i]tega, _sm._ prophet.
witod-l[=i]ce, _av._ truly, indeed, and [witan].
_[.g]e_.witt, _sn._ wits, intelligence, understanding [witan].
with, _prp. w. dat. and acc._ towards; along--with we[.g], by the road;
_hostility_, against--fuhton with Brettas, fought with the Britons;
_association, sharing, &c._, with; _defence_, against; _exchange,
price, for_--with th[=ae]m the, in consideration of, provided that.
with-.meten-nes, _sf._ comparison.
with-.sacan, _sv. 2, w. dat._ deny.
with-.standan, _sv. 2, w. dat._ withstand, resist.
wlite, _sm._ beauty.
w[=o]d, _aj._ mad.
w[=o]d-l[=i]ce, _av._ madly.
wolde, _see_ willan.
w[=o]p, _sm._ weeping [w[=e]pan].
word, _sn._ word, sentence; subject of talk, question, answer, report.
_[.g]e_worden, _see_ weorthan.
worhte, _see_ wyr[.c]an.
woruld, _sf._ world.
woruld-thing, _sn._ worldly thing.
wrecan, _sv. 5_, avenge.
wr[=e][.g]an, _wv._ accuse.
_[.g]e_.writ, _sn._ writing [wr[=i]tan].
wr[=i]tan, _sv. 6_, write.
wudu, _sm._ wood.
wuldor, _sn._ glory.
wuldrian, _wv._ glorify, extol.
wulf, _sm._ wolf.
_[.g]e_.wuna, _sm._ habit, custom [wunian].
wund, _sf._ wound.
wundor, _sn._ wonder; miracle.
wundor-lic, _aj._ wonderful, wondrous.
wundor-l[=i]ce, _av._ wonderfully, wondrously.
wundrian, _wv. w. gen._ wonder.
_[.g]e_.wunelic, _aj._ customary.
wunian, _wv._ dwell, stay, continue [[.g]ewuna].
wunung, _sf._ dwelling.
_[.g]e_wunnen, _see_ _[.g]e_winnan.
wyr[.c]an, _wv._ work, make; build; do, perform [weorc].
wyrhta, _sm._ worker.
wyrt, _sf._ herb, spice; crop.
wyrt-br[=ae]th, _sm._ spice-fragrance, fragrant spice.
wyrtruma, _sm._ root.
w[=y]s[.c]an, _wv._ wish.

Y.

Yfel, _aj._ evil, bad.
yfel, _sn._ evil.
ymbe, _prp. w. acc._ around; _of time_, about, at.
ymb-.scr[=y]dan, _wv._ clothe, array.
ymb-.[=u]tan, _av._ round about.
[=y]terra, _aj. comp._ outer; _superl._ [=y]temest, outermost, last
[[=u]t].

* * * * *

Notes

[1] Where no key-word is given for a long vowel, it must be pronounced exactly like the corresponding short one, only lengthened.

[2] Both vowels.

[3] Wherever the acc. is not given separately, it is the same as the nom.

[4] So also _n[=a]h_ = _ne_ (not) _[=a]h_.

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