Chapter XIX: Part I: The Age of Tennyson (1832-1870) (2)

The Central Library for Students renders assistance to libraries. Study the nature of this, the conditions and the potentiality of the Library as the centre of a more ambitious scheme of a national reservoir library for the distribution of certain classes of books.

Consider the utility of the Bulletin, the information it should contain, the policy of including advertisements to defray cost, and the various points in connection with its production. Several libraries issue bulletins (_see page 111_). If possible, obtain copies of these.

Up to the present the usual publicity methods have not been called to the service of the library to the same extent in England as in America. View the question from all aspects, note what is at present being done by various libraries, and consider the numerous suggestions which have been made for the expansion of this form of activity.

Note the importance of good shelf and stack guiding as aids to readers. (_See pages 84-5 and read the articles given under the names of Coutts, Savage and Stewart._)

READING LIST.

GENERAL.

Fay _and_ Eaton--Instruction in the use of books and libraries. _2nd edition, revised. Faxon & Co.: Boston, 1919. Also Grafton. 22s. 6d._

Fearnside--Co-operation between a town library and local societies and bodies. _L.A.R. Vol. 20, 1918, pp. 140-149._

Jones--Some aids to readers. _L.W. Vol. 13, 1910-11, pp. 225-233._

Roebuck _and_ Thorne--Primer of library practice. _pp. 87-90._

Spofford--Book for all readers. _3rd edition. Putnam, 1905. O.P. Chap. 10, pp. 190-214._

Stewart--How to use a library. _Elliot Stock, 1910._

REFERENCE WORK.

A.L.A.--Manual of library economy. _Chap. 22._

Baker--The Public Library. _pp. 44-55._

Ballinger--The reference library. _L. Vol. 9, 1908, pp. 353-369._

Bostwick--The American Public Library. _Chap. 5, pp. 63-80._

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Chap. 27, pp. 375-398._

Library Economics. _pp. 12-15; 52-55._

Pitt--Possible co-operation in reference library work. _L.A.R. Vol. 15, 1913, pp. 408-412._

Powell--The reference library. _L.A.R. (N.S.). Vol. 2, 1924, pp. 77-86._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 4-12._

Roebuck _and_ Thorne--Primer of library practice, _pp. 64-66_.

INFORMATION BUREAUX.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Section 421, pp. 396-7._

Information Bureaux and special libraries. Report of Proceedings of the First Conference, _1924_. _Library Association, 1925. 3s. 6d._

Krauss--Information bureaux in public libraries. _L.A.R. Vol. 12, 1910, pp. 14-22._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 57-62._

Ridley--Special libraries and information bureaux. _L.A.R. (N.S.) Vol. 3, 1925, pp. 242-255._

Smither--Information bureaux in public libraries. _L.W. Vol. 13, 1910-1911, pp. 99-106._

LECTURES.

Baker--The Public Library. _pp. 100-114._

Ballinger--Lectures and extensions. _L. Vol. 10, 1909, pp. 188-200._

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Sections 526-536, pp. 467-475._

Curran--The public lecture in relation to public library work. _L.A.R. Vol. 13, 1911, pp. 313-321._

Gordon--Library lectures. _L.A.R. Vol. 16, 1914, pp. 316-323._

Haxby--History, organisation, and educational value of municipal library lectures. _L.A.R. Vol. 13, 1911, pp. 123-132._

Jast--A note on library readings. _L.A.R. Vol. 18, 1916, pp. 53-62._

Newcombe--Raison d’etre of library lectures. _L.A.R. Vol. 9, 1907, pp. 231-243; 261-266._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 89-95._

READING CIRCLES.

Harris--Organization and conduct of reading circles. _L.W. Vol. 17, 1914-15, pp. 69-72._

Pomfret--Reading circles. _L.W. Vol. 13, 1910-11, pp. 289-294._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 96-102._

EXHIBITIONS.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Sections 537-8, pp. 475-6._

Library Economics. _pp. 32-33._

Piper--Library exhibitions. _L.W. Vol. 12, 1909-10, pp. 275-280._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 128-130._

Ward--Publicity for public libraries. _Wilson, New York: 1924. Also Grafton. (Chap. 12, pp. 155-202, Displays and exhibits)._

Warner--Holiday literature and picture exhibitions. _L.W. Vol. 12, 1909-10, pp. 49-54._

Wheeler--The library and the community. _A.L.A., 1924. Also Grafton. (Chap. 26, pp. 291-307, Exhibits and displays)._

CENTRAL LIBRARY FOR STUDENTS.

Central Library for Students, by A. W. Pollard. _L.A.R. Vol. 19, 1917, pp. 372-378._

LIBRARY MAGAZINES, BOOK LISTS, etc.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Section 264, pp. 251-254._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 117-120._

Sayers _and_ Stewart--Library magazines. _L.W. Vols. 7 and 8, 1904-6._

Ward--Publicity for public libraries. _Chap. 9, pp. 91-110._

Wheeler--The library and the community. _Chaps. 22 and 23, pp. 243-267._

PUBLICITY.

A.L.A.--Manual of library economy. _Chapter 31._

Briscoe--Library advertising. _Coptic Series. Grafton, 1921. 7s. 6d._

Piper--Library advertising methods. _L.A.R. Vol. 15, 1913, pp. 71-79._

Ward--Publicity for public libraries. _Wilson, New York: 1924. Also Grafton._

Wheeler--The library and the community. _A.L.A., 1924. Also Grafton. 15s._

QUESTIONS.

_1._ What steps would you take to ensure that the library obtained full publicity and benefit from co-operation in a course of University Extension lectures?

_2._ Give a brief account of the National Home Reading Union, and state how you would conduct a reading circle.

_3._ In what way can the Central Library for Students assist the public library?

_4._ What is an information bureau?

_5._ By what principal means would you advertise a library?

_6._ What steps would you take to keep readers fully acquainted with new additions?

_Lesson 4._

BOOKBINDING. STATIONERY. PRINTING.

_Note.--Bookbinding is dealt with in Course I, Lesson 7 on pp. 16-18,
which should be treated as part of the present lesson._

All assistants should be thoroughly familiar, not merely with the various forms used in their own library, but with the several variations which are used in others. Study methods of storing stationery, recording supplies, and note the means of checking supplies in stock in order to avoid the irritating experience of finding some particular item out of stock when most urgently required.

The necessary procedure, agreements, and arrangements in dealing with the printer, and the checking of proof, should be noted.

READING LIST.

PRINTING.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Sections 265-266, pp. 254-257._

Proof reading marks and signs. _L.W. Vol. 13, 1910-11, pp. 308-09._

Walter--Library printing. _Chap. 32, A.L.A. Manual of library economy._

Ward--Publicity for public libraries. _Chap. 16, pp. 271-298. Library printing and printing economies._

Wheeler--The library and the community. _Chap. 21, pp. 223-242. Layout and typography of printed matter._

STATIONERY.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Sections 322-327, pp. 296-301._

Jast--Classification of office papers. (Originally published in Brown’s Subject Classification).

Madeley--Classification of office papers. _L.A.R. Vol. 6, 1904, pp. 367-387._

QUESTIONS.

_1._ Outline in full the method you would adopt in dealing with stationery supplies, giving ruling of any record you would use.

_2._ Give as many proof correction marks, with explanations, as you can.

_Lesson 5._

ROUTINE AND CORRESPONDENCE DETAILS.

Assistants are reminded that no matter how wisely the general policy and administration of a library may be directed, no small measure of its ultimate success is dependent on a scrupulous regard for accuracy in the discharge of the many and varied details which make up the daily routine. The various library duties are so co-ordinated that it is almost impossible to make mistakes singly, and the slightest inaccuracy or inattention to minor details will reduce the efficiency of a library’s service.

Everything appertaining to staff routine, accession methods, replacements, revision of stock, discarding, registration of borrowers, checks on work and readers, charging and filing methods, accounting, statistics, etc., can be done in different ways, but only work based on a careful study and comparison of the various methods can achieve real success.

READING LIST.

ACCESSION METHODS.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Chap. 14, pp. 189-205._

Collier--A rational accession method. _L. & B.W. Vol. 9, 1908, pp. 1-8._

Hopper--Order and accession department. _Chap. 17, A.L.A. Manual of library economy._

Jast--Accessions: the checking processes. _L. Vol. 1, 1899, pp. 152-163._

Library Economics. _pp. 8-10._

Roebuck _and_ Thorne--Primer of library practice. _pp. 46-50._

CHECKS ON WORK. TIME SHEETS.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Sections 89-90, pp. 90-92._

Library Economics. _pp. 80-83._

McGill--A form of work-sheet. _L.W. Vol. 13, 1910-11, pp. 204-206._

REGISTRATION OF BORROWERS.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Chap. 24, pp. 341-349._

Library Economics. _pp. 87-89._

Neesham--Registration of borrowers. _L.W. Vol. 12, 1909-10, pp. 341-343._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 78-88._

Roebuck _and_ Thorne--Primer of library practice. _pp. 50-53._

ISSUE METHODS.

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Chap. 25, pp. 350-365_.

Brown _and others_--Open access libraries. _Chap. 7, pp. 155-178._

Library Economics. _pp. 1-5; 57-63; 10-12._

Pollitt--Principles of book charging. _L.W. Vol. 15, 1912-13, pp. 340-343._

Rae--Public library administration. _pp. 63-77._

Roebuck _and_ Thorne--Primer of library practice. _pp. 54-58; 65-66._

STORING. MAPS. PRINTS. PAMPHLETS. PHOTOGRAPHIC SURVEYS, ETC.

A.L.A.--Manual of library economy. _Chap. 25._

Brown--Manual of library economy. _1919 edition. Sects. 300-313., pp. 414-5; 429-442._

Goss--Methods of ... preserving prints. _L.A.R. Vol. 17, 1915, pp. 349-362._

Jast--The treatment of pamphlets. _L.W. Vol. 4, 1901-2, pp. 60-63._

Sparke--Newspaper rack for bound volumes. _L.W. Vol. 3, 1900-01, pp. 127-128._

Spofford--Book for all readers. _Chap. 7, pp. 145-156._

Warner--Photographic surveys in connection with public libraries. _L.A. Vol. 6, 1909, pp. 240-245._

Woodbine--Modern methods of book storage. _L.A.R. Vol. 12, 1910, pp. 446-454._

STATISTICS. ANNUAL REPORT.

Bostwick--The American Public Library. _Chap. 20, pp. 266-281._

Brown--Manual of library economy. _Chap. 4, pp. 60-70._

Hetherington--Library statistics. _L.A.R. Vol. 19, 1917, pp. 1-16._

Minto--Public library statistics. _L. New Series. Vol. 2, 1900, p. 164._

Willcock--What should an annual report contain? _L.A.R. Vol. 8, 1906, pp. 363-371; 392-397._

MISCELLANEOUS ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS.

Coutts--Overdue books and the treatment of defaulters. _L.W. Vol. 14, 1911-12, pp. 241-246._

Dixon--the bespoken file. _L.W. Vol. 15, 1912-13, pp. 316-7._

Fry--Fines and other penalties. _L.W. Vol. 17, 1914-15, pp. 1-8._

Hatcher--Stocktaking methods. _L.A. Vol. 5, 1904, pp. 43-46._

Library Economics. Reserved Books, _p. 92_.

QUESTIONS.

_1._ Draw up a weekly time and work sheet for a library containing lending, reference, and juvenile departments, open _9-30_ a.m. to _8-0_ p.m. each week day. The staff consists of five senior and ten junior assistants, working forty-two hours per week.

_2._ State what information you would include in an annual report.

_3._ Give the ruling of (_a_) accession book (_b_) overdue book (_c_) cash receipt book (_d_) donation book.

_4._ Mention the various methods of indicating ownership of books, stating which you prefer for reference and lending library books, newspapers, and periodicals.

_5._ Give in their correct order the various processes through which a book has passed from entering the library to the time it is issued to a reader.

_6._ By what means would you ascertain the number of books consulted in (_a_) an open access and (_b_) a closed reference department?

TEST EXAMINATION.

_1._ Describe what you consider to be the best means of advertising a library.

_2._ Assume that legal proceedings are about to be taken for the recovery of a book. By what steps has the case reached this stage? Give wording of the necessary correspondence in connection with the case.

_3._ Show, by a rough plan, how you would arrange the bookcases, barriers, and necessary furniture and fittings for an open-access library 50 feet by 40 feet, not top-lighted.

_4._ Discuss the policy of providing special reading rooms for ladies.

_5._ State how the public library can most usefully collaborate with the Education Committee in relation to continuation schools.

_6._ Describe what aids you would provide in a closely classified lending library to indicate the exact location of a book, and give what you consider to be the best method of dealing with “oversize” books.

_7._ Give the approximate initial cost of establishing a home bindery, stating what requisites you would provide. What advantages would be gained by having such a department?

_8._ Discuss the policy of allowing children free access to the whole of the stock in their department.

_9._ Name twenty works which you consider essential to the success of a quick-reference section.

_10._ Outline the duties of an assistant in a (_a_) children’s library (_b_) lending library (_c_) information desk.

_11._ Give a list of ten newspapers and six general, six trade, six political, and six ladies’ periodicals you would recommend for a general reading room. State what you consider to be the best means of displaying them, and outline fully the instructions you would give with regard to filing the periodicals you select.

_12._ Discuss the value of statistics in estimating the work done by a public library.

COURSE 8: HISTORY OF LIBRARIES.

There are not wanting those who claim as the first and greatest of all libraries that vast and glorious “stone book of nature.” It was by observing the ability of hard substances to leave their impress on those of a softer nature--the means by which this great stone-book was written--that man acquired the art of writing, of recording his opinions and the various incidents of his life and the lives of those around him. In the earliest stages of his progress in this art this was done on the walls of his rough habitations, but later man adopted a more permanent and convenient form on bark, leaves, skin, tablets of clay and like substances.

It was for the preservation of these that “houses of the records” came to be established throughout the countries of the ancient peoples, sometimes as parts of their temples and sometimes as distinct buildings, and it is from these that our modern libraries have evolved.

As a study, the history of libraries only appeals to a small portion of the library profession, therefore, I am not giving special reading lists, but simply a brief outline of the requirements necessary, a select bibliography of the more important works, and the questions one would expect a student to be able to answer should he present himself for examination. For a general idea of primitive libraries Edward Clodd’s “Story of the alphabet” _Library of Useful Stories_, Richardson’s “Beginnings of libraries,” _1914_, and Rawlings’ “Story of books,” _1912_ should be read as an introduction to the subject.

REQUIREMENTS.

Origin, varieties and history of libraries in general. The ancient libraries of Assyria, Babylonia, Chaldea, Egypt, Persia, Greece and Rome. Mediæval libraries and their modern successors--Monastic, Royal and University libraries. Private libraries should also be known, and students must become familiar with the lives of eminent book-collectors from the earliest times to the present day. Such names as the following should be noted: Benedict; Richard de Bury; Nicholas V.; the Medici Family; Jean Grolier; Sir Thomas Bodley; Gabriel Naudé; Jules Mazarin; Robert Harley; Sir Hans Sloane; J. A. Zaluski; Duke of Roxburghe; Lord Spencer; Lord Crawford; P. Morgan; H. E. Widener.

The principal British libraries are:--

British Museum, London (including the departments at South
Kensington); Bodleian Library, Oxford; University Library, Cambridge;
John Rylands Library, Manchester; Chetham Library, Manchester; London
Library; Guildhall Library, London; Sion College, London; Lambeth
Palace, London; Trinity College, Dublin; National Library of Ireland;
National Library of Scotland, _formerly_ The Advocate’s Library,
Edinburgh; University Libraries of Aberdeen, St. Andrews, Edinburgh
and Glasgow; Signet Library, Edinburgh; National Library of Wales,
Aberystwyth.

The principal American libraries are:--

Boston Public Library; Chicago Public Library; Harvard University;
John Crerar Library, Chicago; Newberry Library, Chicago; Yale
University Library, New Haven; New York Public Library; Columbia
University, New York; New York State Library, Albany; Public Library,
Pittsburg, Philadelphia University; Library of Congress, Washington;
University Library, Chicago; Cornell University, Ithaca.

The principal European libraries are:--

_Austria._--Royal Library, Vienna; University Library, Vienna.

_Belgium._--Royal Library, Brussels; University Library, Ghent.

_Denmark._--Royal Library, Copenhagen.

_France._--Arsenal Library, Paris; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris; St. Geneviéve, Paris; University Library (Sorbonne), Paris; Mazarin Library, Paris.

_Germany._--Royal Library, Berlin; Ducal Library, Darmstadt; Royal Library, Dresden; University Library, Gottingen; University Library, Heidelberg; University Library, Leipzig; Royal Library, Munich; University Library, Munich; University Library, Strassburg; Royal Library, Stuttgart; City Library, Hamburg.

_Greece._--University Libraries, Athens.

_Holland._--Royal Library, Hague; University Libraries, Leyden and Utrecht; Municipal University, Amsterdam.

_Hungary._--Hungarian National Museum, Buda-Pest.

_Italy._--National Library, Florence; Mediceo-Laurenzian Library, Florence; Vatican Library, Rome; Victor Emmanuel Library, Rome; Marcian Library, Venice; Ambrosian Library, Milan; National Library, Naples; University Library, Bologna; National Library, Turin.

_Norway._--University Library, Oslo.

_Portugal._--National Library, Lisbon.

_Russia._--Imperial Library, Leningrad; University Library, Moscow.

_Spain._--Royal Library, Escorial; National Library, Madrid.

_Sweden._--Royal Library, Stockholm; University Library, Upsala.

_Switzerland._--Cantonal and State Library, Zurich.

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Americana--Article _Libraries_.

Axon--Ancient and modern libraries. _In British Almanac Companion, 1876, pp. 103-122._

Blades--On chained libraries. _L. Vol. 1, 1889, pp. 411-416._

Boyd--Public libraries and literary culture in ancient Rome. _1915._

Clark--The care of books: an essay on the development of libraries and their fittings, from the earliest times to the end of the eighteenth century. _C.U.P._, _1901_.

Clark--Libraries in the Mediæval and Renaissance Periods. _1894._

Clarke--Repertorium bibliographicum; or some account of the most celebrated British libraries. _2 vols. Clarke._

Cowper--Notices of ancient libraries. _Notes and Queries, 1855. Vol. 2, pp. 258, 337, 361, 493, 512._

Dechelette--Manuel d’archéologie prehistorique Celtique et Galto-Romaine. _Vol. 1. Paris, 1908._

Edwards--Memoirs of libraries: including a handbook of library economy. _2 vols. Trubner, 1859._

_Contents_:--_Vol. 1, Book 1._--Libraries of the Ancients, _p.
3-82_. _Book 2._--Libraries of the Middle Ages, _pp. 83-415_. _Book
3._--Modern libraries of Great Britain and Ireland, _pp. 416-820_.
_Vol. 2, Book 3 (cont.)_--Modern libraries of Great Britain and
Ireland, _pp. 3-162_. _Book 4._--Libraries of the United States of
America, _pp. 163-242_. Book 5.--Modern libraries of Continental
Europe, _pp. 243-568_.

Encyclopædia Britannica, _last two editions_.--Articles _Libraries_.

Fay _and_ Eaton--Instruction in the use of books and libraries. _Chap. 12, pp. 163-178._

Graesel--Handbuch der Bibliothekslehre. _Weber: Leipzic, 1902._

Greenwood--Free public libraries: their organisation, uses and management. _1886._

Greenwood--Public libraries: a history of the movement and a manual for the organisation and management of rate-supported libraries. _4th edition, 1894._

Horne--Introduction to the study of bibliography. _2 vols. Cadell and Davies, 1814._

_Vol. 1._--Memoir of the public libraries of the ancients, _pp. 1-25
and part 1, pp. 30-143_.

Kirkwood--Proposals made in _1699_ to found public libraries in Scotland. _1889._

Koch--Portfolio of Carnegie Libraries.

Libraries, Public--Return showing the names of all places in England, in Scotland, and in Ireland, in which the Public Libraries Acts have been adopted prior to the end of the last financial year, etc. _1912._

Morgan--Monastic libraries. _L.A.R. Vol. 6, 1904, pp. 290-297._

New International Encyclopedia--Article _Libraries_.

Ogle--The free library: its history and present condition. _The Library Series, 1897._

Phillips--The monastic libraries of Wales. _1913._

Prideaux--Library economy in the _16_th century. _L.A.R. Vol. 10, 1909, pp. 152-174._

Rau--Did Omar destroy the library of Alexandria. _Nineteenth Century, 1894, pp. 555-571._

Rawlings--Story of books. _Useful Knowledge Series. Hodder & Stoughton, 1912, pp. 9-70._

Richardson--The beginnings of libraries. _1914._

Richardson--Biblical libraries: a sketch of library history from B.C. _3400_ to A.D. _150_. _Princeton Univ. Press. Milford, 1915. 5s. 6d._

Rye--The libraries of London: a guide for students. _1908._

Sandys--A history of classical scholarship, from the _6_th century B.C. to the end of the Middle Ages. _3 vols., 1906-08._

Savage--Old English Libraries, the making, collection and use of books during the Middle Ages. _The Antiquary’s Library. Methuen, 1911._

Savage--The story of libraries and book-collectors. _The English Library. Routledge, 1908._

Smith--Babylonian and Assyrian libraries. _North British Review, 1870, pp. 305-324._

Spofford--The history of libraries. _In his “A book for all readers.” Putnam, 1905, Chap. 15, pp. 287-320._

Teggart--Contribution towards a bibliography of ancient libraries, _1899_. _Also in L.J. Vol. 24, p. 5._

Universal Cyclopædia.--Article _Libraries_.

Wheatley--Assyrian Libraries. _L.A.T. 1880, pp: 87-90._

Williams _and_ Meredith, _editors_.--The Librarians’ Guide. _Annually from 1923._

Wynkoop--Commissions, state aid and state agencies. (_A.L.A. Manual of library economy. Chap. 27_).

BOOK COLLECTORS:--

Elton--Great book collectors. _1893._

Edwards--Free town libraries. _Book-collectors, pp. 224 to end._

Fletcher---English book collectors. _1902._

Savage--The story of libraries and book collectors. _1909, pp. 211-220._

Stephen--One hundred book collectors. _L.W. Vol. 10, 1907, pp. 194. Also in Library Economics; pp. 63-80._

SPECIAL LIBRARIES.

_Note._--Cannons’ “Bibliography of library economy” [_1876-1923_]; the “Story of the Nations” and “Countries and Peoples” series, should be consulted for each country.

GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.

_Bodleian Library, Oxford._

Bodleian Library Tercentenary. _L.W. Vol. 5, 1902, pp. 113-119._

Bolton--History of the Bodleian library. _L.W. Vol. 12, 1909-10, pp. 241-246._

Clark--A Bodleian guide for visitors. _1906._

Cowley--Recent history of the Bodleian library. _L.A.R. Vol. 23, 1921, pp. 316-325._

Machray--Annals of the Bodleian library, _1598-1867_. _1868._

_British Museum, London._

Cowtan--Memories of the British Museum. _1872._

Edwards--Lives of the founders of the British Museum: with notices of its chief augmentors and other benefactors, _1570-1870_. _2 Vols. 1870._

Greenwood--Public libraries, _1894, pp. 493-501_.

Rawlings--British Museum Library. _1916._

Shelley--The British Museum: its history and treasures. _Pitman, 1911._

_Cambridge University Library._

Aldis--Organization and methods of the Cambridge University Library. _L.A.R. Vol. 7, 1905, pp. 625-636._

Huck--University Library, Cambridge. _L.W. Vol. 13, 1910-11, pp. 257-266._

Protheroe--A memoir of Henry Bradshaw. _1888._

_Chetham Library, Manchester._

Nicholson--The Chetham Hospital and Library. _1910._

_John Rylands Library, Manchester._

John Rylands Library, Manchester: a brief historical description of the library and its contents, illustrated with thirty-seven views and facsimiles. _1914. John Rylands Library, 6d._

John Rylands Library. _L.A.R. Vol. 1, 1899. pp. 564-571; 679-688._

Lyell--John Rylands Library. _L.W. Vol. 19, 1916-17, pp. 312-314._

_London Library._

Purnell--The London Library. _L.A.R. Vol. 23, 1921, pp. 102-112._

_London University Library._

Baker--The library of the University of London. _L.A.R. Vol. 16, 1904, pp. 28-38._

Chambers--Library of the University College of London. _L.A.R. Vol 11, 1909, pp. 350-358; 361-363._

_Marsh’s Library, Dublin._

White--An account of Marsh’s library. _L.A.R. Vol. 1, 1899, pp. 132-145._

_National Library of Ireland._

Vine--National Library of Ireland. _L.A.R. Vol 4, 1902, pp. 95-109._

_National Library of Wales._

The National Library of Wales. _L.W. Vol 14, 1911-12, pp. 79-82._

The National Library of Wales. _L.A.R. Vol. 13, 1911, pp. 211-215; 276-284._

_Sion College Library, London._

Pearce--Sion College and Library. _1913._

FRANCE.

Mortet--The public libraries of France, national, communal and university. _L.A.R. Vol 3, (N.S.), 1925, pp. 145-159._

Turnbull--The libraries of France. _L.W. Vol 12, 1909-10, pp. 125-127._

_Bibliotheque Nationale._

The National Library of France. _L. Vol 4, 1892 pp. 277-287._

ITALY. _Vatican Library._

Sayle--The Vatican Library. _L. Vol 6, 1894, pp. 327-343._

SPAIN. _Escorial Library._

Lyell--The Escorial and its library. _L.W. Vol. 24, 1921-22, pp. 81-84._

UNITED STATES.

Bolton--American library history. _A.L.A. Manual of library economy. Chap. 1._

Bolton--Proprietary libraries. _A.L.A. Manual of library economy. Chap. 5._

Fletcher--Public libraries in America. _English Bookman’s Library, 1902._

Flint--Statistics of public libraries in the United States, _1893_.

Green--The public library movement in the United States, _1853-1893_; from _1876_, reminiscences of the writer. _Useful Reference Series, No. 8._

_Library of Congress._

Bishop--Library of Congress. _A.L.A. Manual of library economy. Chap. 2._

Johnston--History of the Library of Congress. _1904. Vol. I. 1800-1864._

Library of Congress and its work. _21 pp. Library of Congress._

QUESTIONS.

_1._ Write a brief account of the origin of the British Museum, and describe three of the notable collections of books or manuscripts which it contains.

_2._ Where were public libraries usually situated in ancient Rome, and what was the nature of the books kept in them?

_3._ Give an account of the library of the Abbey of Monte Cassino and of the rule of St. Benedict so far as it relates to the use of books.

_4._ Describe the various forms and kinds of books preserved in the ancient libraries before the invention of printing.

_5._ What do you know of the method of chaining books in libraries? State where chained books may still be seen.

_6._ Give a short account of the lives of two of the following: Andrew Carnegie; Edward Edwards; Henry Bradshaw; James Duff Brown; H. E. Widener.

_7._ Describe the physical properties of early forms of books, and their method of storage.

_8._ Name some monastic libraries that existed in England, and briefly describe four of them.

_9._ Give a brief historical sketch of four of the following libraries:--British Museum; Library of Congress; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris; Vatican Library; Escorial Library; Royal Library, Copenhagen; John Rylands Library; National Library of Wales; National Library of Scotland; Trinity College, Dublin.

_10._ State briefly what you know of the following:--Richard de Bury; T. F. Dibdin; Henry Bradshaw; Matthias Corvinus; Petrarch; Assurbanipal; Sixtus IV.; Dr. Bray; Henry Huth; J. A. Zaluski; Lord Amhurst of Hackney; C. A. Cutter.

Corrections

The first line indicates the original, the second the correction.

The word “libaries” was converted to “libraries” throughout the book.

p. xii

Cloth. pp. 154. Chicago: Amercian Library Association.
Cloth. pp. 154. Chicago: American Library Association.

p. 25

Crown Octovo
Crown Octavo

p. 28

jusqu’a la fin du seiziéme siécle
jusqu’à la fin du seizième siècle

en langue francaise
en langue française

La minature Francaise
La miniature Française

p. 32

English Cataogue of books
English Catalogue of books

p. 46

lending departmant
lending department

p. 52

Bibliographie der socialismus und cummunismus
Bibliographie der Sozialismus und Kommunismus

p. 61

Describe briefly not nore
Describe briefly not more

p. 62

Committee of the Bibliograhpical
Committee of the Bibliographical

p. 74

Arcticles very brief
Articles very brief

p. 108

These may be had at a triflng cost
These may be had at a trifling cost

p. 113

carry out the work in accorddance
carry out the work in accordance

p. 120

Manley (J. M.) _and_ Rickert (E.)--Contemporary British literature:
bibliographies and study outlines. _1923._

Manly (J. M.) _and_ Rickett (E.)--Contemporary British literature:
bibliographies and study outlines. _1923._

p. 135

outbreak of of the French Revolution
outbreak of the French Revolution

p. 143

The Brontes.
The Brontës.

p. 146

The Pre-Raphaelities
The Pre-Raphaelites

p. 162

The numbers 7 and 8 were in reverse order in the original.

p. 172

Newrooms. Magazine Rooms.
Newsrooms. Magazine Rooms.

p. 191

formerly The Advocate’s Library, Ebinburgh;
formerly The Advocate’s Library, Edinburgh;

Belgium.--Royal Library, Brussells
Belgium.--Royal Library, Brussels