Chapter XXVI: How Verse Can Resemble Prose (4)

=φωνήεις.= =138= 8, 9, 15, =140= 2, =144= 7, =150= 17, =152= 4, =220=
11. _Voiced._ Lat. _vocalis_. φωνήεντα γράμματα = _litterae
vocales_ = _vowels_. For the term ‘voiced’ see s.v. ἄφωνος p.
292 _supra_. Cp. Dionys. Thrax _Ars Gramm._ p. 9 (ed. Uhlig)
φωνήεντα δὲ λέγεται, ὅτι φωνὴν ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν ἀποτελεῖ.

=φωτεινός.= =234= 13. _Full of light._ Lat. _lucidus_, _luminosus_.

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=χαρακτήρ.= =68= 21, =80= 17, =90= 10, etc. _Characteristic stamp_,
_type_. Lat. _forma_, _nota_. So the adjective =χαρακτηρικός=
in =232= 21 (cp. _de Demosth._ c. 39 init.). See further in
D.H. p. 208, Demetr. p. 308.—In =230= 9 the verb =χαράττειν= =
‘to irritate.’

=χάρις.= =112= 5, =120= 20, =124= 12, etc. _Charm_, _grace_. Lat.
_venustas_, _lepor_. Fr. _grâce_. Cp. Demetr. p. 308. So
=χαρίεις= (‘refined,’ ‘elegant,’ ‘accomplished,’ ‘consummate’)
=106= 16, =116= 1, =154= 16; =χαριέντως= =110= 22.

=χλευασμός.= =192= 7. _Scoffing_, _satire_. Lat. _derisio_, _illusio_.
=χλευάζειν= =270= 3.

=χορδή.= =122= 23. _String_, _note_. Lat. _chorda_.

=χορεῖος.= =170= 17, =184= 11. _Choree._ Lat. _choreus_. The metrical
foot ᴗ ᴗ ᴗ. In =170= 18 the reading τρίβραχυς πούς (τροχαῖος
πούς F) seems to be a gloss. The term χορεῖος is applied to the
trochee more commonly than to the tribrach. The Epitome (c. 17)
gives χορεῖος (without addition).

=χρεία.= =104= 21, =198= 2. _Use_, _practical work_. Lat. _usus_. Cp.
_de Demosth._ c. 45, _de Thucyd._ c. 55. There may also be some
notion of _practical need_, _stress_: cp. ἐν χρείᾳ δορός (Soph.
_Aj._ 963) and ὑπὸ τῆς χρείας αὐτῆς (schol. on Hom. _Odyss._
viii. 163).

=χρεμετισμός.= =158= 14. _Neighing_, _whinnying_. Lat. _hinnitus_.

=χρῆμα.= =158= 2. _Object._ Lat. _res ipsa_. Cp. note on p. 158 _supra_.

=χρόνοι.= =130= 1, =164= 5, =204= 22 (lit. ‘does not divide the
times’), =210= 19, =216= 18, =234= 4, =244= 19, =264= 4.
_Times_, _time-intervals_, _time-spaces_, _rests_, _pauses_.
Lat. _tempora_, _morae_. So in =128= 15 χρόνους = ‘the length
of syllables,’ and in =130= 7 ἐν τοῖς χρόνοις τῶν μορίων = ‘in
the duration of words,’ ‘in quantity.’ χρόνων = ‘tenses,’ =108=
5; χρόνιος = _diuturnus_, =202= 23; χρονίζειν = _immorari_,
=164= 12.

=χρῶμα.= =88= 12, =198= 14. _Colour._ Lat. _color_. In =198= 14
χρώμασιν should be retained (in place of Usener’s χρήμασιν)
in the sense of ‘ornaments’; the ornaments in question being
μέλος εὐγενές, ῥυθμὸς ἀξιωματικός, μεταβολὴ μεγαλοπρεπής (=136=
11, where compare τὸ πᾶσι τούτοις παρακολουθοῦν πρέπον with
τοῖς ἄλλοις χρώμασιν ἅπασι παρεῖναι δεῖ τὸ πρέπον in =198=
14). Compare too _de Demosth._ c. 22 κοσμοῦντος ἅπαντα καὶ
χρωματίζοντος τῇ πρεπούσῃ ὑποκρίσει ἧς δεινότατος ἀσκητὴς
ἐγένετο, and the use of χρῶμα (or χρώματα) in _de Isaeo_ c. 4
and _de Thucyd._ c. 42. Photius (_Bibl. Cod._ 214) has ἔστι
δὲ ἡ φράσις τῷ ἀνδρὶ σαφὴς μὲν καὶ καθαρὰ καὶ σπουδῇ φιλοσόφῳ
πρέπουσα, οὐ μήν γε τοῖς κεκαλλωπισμένοις καὶ περιττοῖς
ἐξωραϊζομένη χρώμασι καὶ ποικίλμασι τῆς ῥητορείας. Similarly
_color_ in Quintil. x. 1. 116, and Cic. _de Orat._ iii. 25.
100. The stage at which the χρῶμα would best be introduced in
a historical work is suggested in a passage of Lucian (_de
conscrib. hist._ 48): καὶ ἐπειδὰν ἀθροίσῃ ἅπαντα ἢ τὰ πλεῖστα,
πρῶτα μὲν ὑπόμνημά τι συνυφαινέτω αὐτῶν καὶ σῶμα ποιείτω
ἀκαλλὲς ἔτι καὶ ἀδιάρθρωτον· εἶτα ἐπιθεὶς τὴν τάξιν ἐπαγέτω τὸ
κάλλος καὶ χρωννύτω (i.e. ‘tinge’) τῇ λέξει καὶ σχηματιζέτω καὶ
ῥυθμιζέτω. But might it not be more truly said that a great
historian like Gibbon has his χρῶμα from the beginning, —from
the moment when he stands in the Forum and conceives his vast
theme? It is in fact one aspect of his inspiration.

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=χρωματικός.= =194= 7, =196= 3. _Chromatic._ Lat. _chromaticus_. For
the chromatic scale see note on =194= 7.

=χώρα.= =144= 13. _Room_, _space_. Lat. _locus_, _spatium_. χωρίον in
=126= 6 = ‘distance,’ ‘interval.’

=ψιλός.= =130= 5, =148= 7, 12 (_bis_), 18, 19, =150= 3, 9, =154= 2,
=250= 12, =254= 1. _Bare_, _smooth_, _unaspirated_. Lat.
_lenis_. So =ψιλότης= =148= 21. See s.v. δασύς p. 294 _supra_,
with the reference there given to A. J. Ellis’ pamphlet. In
=148= 7 Ellis takes ‘smooth’ to mean ‘unaccompanied by voice,
but in this case possibly not mute.’ In =130= 5 the ‘ordinary’
voice, the voice ‘pure and simple’ (or ‘without addition’), is
meant: cp. =154= 2, =250= 12, =254= 1. So ἐν τοῖς ψιλοῖς λόγοις
Aristot. _Rhet._ iii. 2. 3, and “nuda oratio” Cic. _Orat._ 55.
183.

=ψοφοειδής.= =162= 15. _Sounding._ Lat. _sonans_. If the term is
technical, it may perhaps be translated by _fricative_; it can
hardly be so wide as _consonantal_.

=ψόφος.= =138= 7, 8, 9, 12, =146= 4, =222= 2. _A sound_, _a noise_.
Lat. _sonus_, _strepitus_. The consonants (_litterae
consonantes_) are called ψόφοι, as contrasted with the φωνήεντα
γράμματα.

=ψῦγμα.= =202= 26. _Inhalation._ Lat. _respiratio_. Used particularly
of the ‘catch of the breath’ (_interspiratio_) between one word
and another. [ψῦγμα must, of course, be distinguished from
ψῆγμα: cp. Long. p. 174.]

=ᾠδή.= =124= 16, 22, =148= 1, =224= 21, =278= 8. _Song_, _lay_, _ode_.
Lat. _cantus_, _carmen_. So =ᾠδικός= = _vocal_ (of the voice
accompanied by music), =126= 16, =130= 5.

=ὤρα.= =78= 12. _Care_, _heed_. Lat. _cura_. Cp. Hesychius: ὥρα ...
ψιλῶς δὲ φροντίς, ἐπιμέλεια· ὅθεν ὀλίγωρον (i.e. ‘a _poco
curante_,’ ‘a Hippocleides’) λέγομεν τὸν ὀλίγην ἔχοντα
φροντίδα. In =78= 12 M has γρ φροντίδα in the margin.

=ὥρα.= =120= 20, =124= 12, =162= 1. _Freshness_, _bloom_, _beauty_.
Lat. _venustas_, _flos_. Fr. _fraîcheur_. Cp. _Ep. ad Cn.
Pomp._ c. 2 (quoted from _de Demosth._ c. 5: in reference to
Plato’s style ὅ τε πίνος ὁ τῆς ἀρχαιότητος ἠρέμα αὐτῇ καὶ
λεληθότως ἐπιτρέχει ἱλαρόν τέ τι καὶ τεθηλὸς καὶ μεστὸν ὥρας
ἄνθος ἀναδίδωσι, καὶ ὥσπερ ἀπὸ τῶν εὐωδεστάτων λειμώνων αὔρα
τις ἡδεῖα ἐξ αὐτῆς φέρεται).—In =68= 14 and =76= 6 ὥρα =
‘time,’ ‘season.’

=ὡραϊσμός.= =66= 18. _Adornment_, _elegance_. Lat. _elegantia_.

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