Chapter II: Fossils

Ketton or kettering stone

Spar opake; in mines in Wales, Derbyshire, &c.

Spar refracting; in lead mines in Derbyshire, &c.

Spar diaphonous; in various parts of the kingdom

Spar stalactitical, Knaresborough, &c.

Fluor transparent, diaphonous resembling emeralds, saphires, topazes,
amethysts, &c.

METALS.

Aurum nativum; said to be found in some rivers in North Britain

Argentum mineralizatum; in small quantities in lead and copper ores

Plumbum galena, lead glance; in various parts of England

Plumbum stibiatum, antimonial lead ore

Plumbum crystallinum, lead crystals

Plumbum spatosum, lead spar

Plumbum calciforme, lead ochre

Plumbum nativum, native lead

Cuprum nativum

Cuprum cæruleum montanum, mountain blue; in the mines of Derbyshire

Cuprum viride montanum, mountain green; in copper mines of England,
Ireland, and the Isle of Man

Cuprum rubrum, glass copper ore; generally found with native copper

Cuprum cinereum, grey copper ore

Ferrum crystallinum, crystalline ore; Forest of Dean, Langron in
Cumberland

Ferrum cærulescens, bluish ore

Ferrum micaceum, glimmer

SEMI-METALS.

Vismutum ochra, flowers of bismuth

Vismutum mineralizatum, bismuth ore

Antimonium striatum, striated antimonial ore

Antimonium rubrum, red antimonial ore

PETREFACTIONS.

Animals, or parts of animals, changed into a fossile substance

_Vermes._

Helmintholithus ammonita, nautilus; in strata of earth and stones, on
the sea-shore, &c.

Helmintholithus anomites; in great abundance, particularly at
Sherborne in Gloucestershire

Helmintholithus gryphites; in chalk hills, &c.

Helmintholithus judaicus; in many parts, particularly chalk pits in
Kent

Helmintholithus echinites; Surrey, Essex, Kent, Middlesex, in chalk
and gravel pits

Helmintholithus astrion, sea-star; in chalk pits, &c.

Helmintholithus astroites, star stone; Gloucestershire, Norfolk, &c.
and many more.

_Vegetables._

Phytolithus plantæ; grass, reeds, horse-tail, &c. found in the black
slate called plate, immediately above the pit coal, in various parts
of England.

Phytolithus filices, ferns; ditto, Newcastle, &c.

Rhizolithus, roots of trees and plants buried in the earth

Lithophyllum, leaves of trees; at Knaresborough, also impressed in
stone

Carpolithus, fruits, particularly impressions of the cones of pines,
hazel, oak

_Fishes._

Ichthyolithus siliquastra, fossile pods, often resembling half the pod
of a lupine, &c. sometimes extremely minute, at other times near two
inches long.

Ichthyolithus vertebra, of various genera, often in pits and quarries,
particularly at Richmond in Surrey, on the cliffs of Shepey Island,
&c.

_Insects._

Enthomolithus cancri, claws, or parts of claws; in pits in several
parts of England

_Shrubs._

Graptolithus dentrides, representing shrubs, plants, or moss; on
various stones, slates, and flints, in many parts of England, &c.