Chapter XXXIX: Cycadophytan Fronds (7)

[1007] White (08) B. p. 559, Pl. +x.+ figs. 5–8.

[1008] Vol. +ii.+ p. 517.

[1009] Seward and Leslie (08) B.

[1010] Zeiller (02) B. p. 37, Pl. +vii.+ figs. 7, 8; Arber (05) B. p. 205, fig. 44.

[1011] Lesquereux (80) A. Pl. 85, figs. 34, 35.

[1012] Feistmantel (79²) p. 30; (81²) p. 59, Pl. +xxx.+ fig. 14; (82) p. 43, Pl. +xv.+ figs. 5–12.

[1013] Arber (05) B. p. 205.

[1014] Vol. +ii.+ p. 500.

[1015] Geinitz (71) p. 174, Pl. +iii.+ figs. 10, 11.

[1016] _Ibid._ (55) A. Pl. +xxi.+; Zeiller (88) A. Pl. +xciv.+ fig. 13; (06) B. p. 224; Kidston (11) p. 240; Arber (14) p. 100.

[1017] Boulay (79) p. 34.

[1018] Zeiller (88) A. Pl. +xciv.+ fig. 12; Kidston (11) Pl. +v.+ figs. 5–7; Arber (14) p. 100.

[1019] Berger (48) Pl. +ii.+ figs. 19, 20.

[1020] Renault and Zeiller (88) A. Pl. +lxxii.+ fig. 3.

[1021] _Ibid._ p. 649.

[1022] _Ibid._ Pl. +lxxii.+ figs. 53–55.

[1023] Williamson (77) B. p. 253, Pl. +xvi.+ figs. 115 _a_, 115 _b_.

[1024] Kidston (14) p. 165.

[1025] Bertrand, P. (13) Pl. +vii.+

[1026] Renault and Zeiller (88) A. p. 651, Pl. +lxxii.+ fig. 56.

[1027] Grand’Eury (77) A. p. 185, Pls. +xv.+, +xvi.+

[1028] Arber (14) pp. 93, 104, Pl. +viii.+ figs. 51, 52.

[1029] Kidston (14) p. 157, Pl. +xiv.+ figs. 1, 2.

[1030] See page 321.

[1031] Arber, _loc. cit._ p. 102.

[1032] Kidston, _loc. cit._ p. 158.

[1033] Heer (77) i. p. 19, Pl. +v.+ figs. 1–11.

[1034] Nathorst (94) A. p. 48, Pl. +iv.+ figs. 7, 8.

[1035] Young (69) Pl. +iv.+ figs. 9, 10; (76) p. 36.

[1036] Zalessky (05).

[1037] Nathorst (14) p. 23, Pl. +xv.+ figs. 44–51.

[1038] Lindley and Hutton (37) A. Pl. 220.

[1039] Zalessky (05).

[1040] For this information I am indebted to Dr Kidston.

[1041] Nathorst (14) p. 32, Pl. +xv.+ fig. 58.

[1042] Zalessky (05).

[1043] Nathorst (14) p. 27, Pl. +v.+ figs. 19–22; Pl. +xv.+ fig.

[1044] Heer (77) i. p. 24, Pl. +v.+ figs. 18–22.

[1045] Nathorst (14) p. 35, Pl. +xv.+ figs. 77–82.

[1046] Grand’Eury (77) A. Pl. +xvi.+ figs. 2–4.

[1047] Brongniart (28) A. p. 137.

[1048] Grand’Eury (77) A. p. 184, Pl. +xv.+ fig. 3.

[1049] See page 330.

[1050] Sternberg (38) A. Pl. +x.+ fig. 3.

[1051] Lindley and Hutton (37) A. Pl. 220.

[1052] Zalessky (05) p. 119.

[1053] Renault and Zeiller (88) A. p. 652, Pl. +lxxii.+ figs. 63–66; Renault (96) A. p. 400; (93) A. Pl. +lxxxiv.+ fig. 3.

[1054] Arber (14) p. 95, Pl. +vi.+ fig. 11.

[1055] Kidston (88) B. Pl. +xxiii.+ fig. 4.

[1056] Nathorst (14) p. 28.

[1057] _Ibid._ Pl. +xv.+ figs. 53, 54.

[1058] Williamson (77) B. p. 246, Pl. +xiii.+ figs. 88–93.

[1059] Nathorst (14) p. 33. Pl. +xv.+ figs. 69, 70.

[1060] See page 304.

[1061] Nathorst (14) p. 33.

[1062] Seward (95) A. p. 101.

[1063] Kidston (92) p. 8; Arber (14) Pl. +vii.+ fig. 28.

[1064] Kidston (86⁴) B. Pl. +iii.+ figs. 7 _a_–_c_; Berger (48) Pl. +ii.+ figs. 30, 31.

[1065] See _postea_.

[1066] Arber (14) pp. 90, 100, Pl. +vii.+ figs. 22–27.

[1067] Carpentier (11) p. 7, Pl. +xiv.+ fig. 3.

[1068] Geinitz (62) p. 145, Pl. +xxv.+ figs. 7–9; Goeppert (64) A. p. 145.

[1069] Nathorst (02) p. 3.

[1070] Carruthers (70) p. 694.

[1071] Nathorst (02) p. 23.

[1072] _Ibid._ (09²) pp. 21, 23.

[1073] Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 196.

[1074] Buckland (27) _Proc. Geol. Soc. London_, Vol. +i.+ No. 8, p. 80; (28).

[1075] Brongniart (28) A. p. 96.

[1076] _Ibid._ (49) A. p. 59.

[1077] Carruthers (70) p. 678.

[1078] Buckland (37) p. 496, Pls. +lx.+, +lxi.+

[1079] _Ibid._ (28), Pl. +lxi.+ fig. 1. A specimen in the Oxford Museum may be the original of Buckland’s figure.

[1080] Carruthers (70).

[1081] Pomel (49) p. 16.

[1082] Carruthers (70) p. 690.

[1083] Saporta (75) A. pp. 256, 265, Pls. 118, 119.

[1084] Lindley and Hutton (35) A. Pl. 143.

[1085] Ward (94).

[1086] Fliche and Zeiller (04).

[1087] Saporta (75) A. p. 276, Pl. 120.

[1088] Lignier (01).

[1089] _Ibid._ (13) p. 93.

[1090] Solms-Laubach (91).

[1091] Seward (95) A. p. 139.

[1092] _Ibid._ (04) B. p. 44.

[1093] Wieland (06).

[1094] Stopes (15) p. 309.

[1095] Buckland (37) A. Vol. +ii.+ p. 98, Pl. +lxi.+ fig. 1.

[1096] _Ibid._ (28) Pl. +xlix.+

[1097] Seward (95) A. p. 166.

[1098] Stopes (15) p. 309.

[1099] See page 425.

[1100] Wieland (06) Pls. +vi.–xiii.+

[1101] _Ibid._ (12) p. 88, fig. 10.

[1102] Wieland (06) p. 63, fig. 33.

[1103] See Wieland (06) for additional facts and illustrations.

[1104] See page 417.

[1105] Wieland (06) p. 76; Capellini and Solms-Laubach (92) Pl. +v.+ fig. 6.

[1106] Capellini and Solms-Laubach (92) Pl. +v.+ fig. 2.

[1107] See Chapter +xxxix.+

[1108] See page 489.

[1109] Wieland (99); (06) p. 87.

[1110] Wieland in Ward (05) B. p. 200, Pl. +lxiii.+

[1111] Wieland (14).

[1112] The flowers are frequently described as protandrous but, as Dr Scott pointed out to me, we have no definite evidence on this point.

[1113] Wieland (11²) p. 134; Coulter and Chamberlain (10) p. 67, fig. 55.

[1114] Wieland (06) p. 160, fig. 84.

[1115] _Ibid._ (14).

[1116] See also Wieland (11²) p. 152, fig. 9.

[1117] Capellini and Solms-Laubach (92); Ward (96) p. 505.

[1118] Ward (96) Pl. +civ.+

[1119] Ward (04); Wieland (08).

[1120] Fontaine (89) B. p. 193, Pls. +clxxiv.–clxxx.+

[1121] Ward (94²).

[1122] For an account of the stratigraphy, see Ward (94³).

[1123] Ward (05) B.

[1124] _Ibid._ (00).

[1125] Coemans (66).

[1126] Wieland (13).

[1127] Carruthers (70).

[1128] Lignier (94²).

[1129] See page 395.

[1130] Wieland (06).

[1131] Buckland (37).

[1132] See page 448.

[1133] Carruthers (70).

[1134] _Ibid._ p. 698; for other references, see Seward (95) A. 139.

[1135] Carruthers (70) Pls. +lvii.+, +lviii.+

[1136] Capellini and Solms-Laubach (92) Pl. +v.+ fig. 2.

[1137] See also Stopes (15) p. 47.

[1138] Chamberlain (13). See Chapter +xxviii.+, page 6.

[1139] Solms-Laubach (91).

[1140] See page 449.

[1141] Scott (09) B, p. 571.

[1142] It is possible that, as Scott suggests, a small patch of endosperm is represented in a seed of this species figured by him. Scott (09) B. p. 569, fig. 203, D, _e_.

[1143] See page 396.

[1144] The age was at first believed to be Oxfordian, but Lignier subsequently (09) referred the rocks to a Lower Cretaceous horizon.

[1145] Morière (69).

[1146] Saporta and Marion (81) A.; (85) p. 244; Saporta (91) p. 168, Pls. 148, 149.

[1147] Lignier (94²); (04); (09); (11).

[1148] Saporta (75) A. p. 328, Pl. 123.

[1149] Lignier (94) p. 57; (12).

[1150] Lignier (11).

[1151] Berridge (11); Thoday, M. G. (11).

[1152] Lignier (04).

[1153] Solms-Laubach (91).

[1154] Pearson (09).

[1155] Wettstein (11) p. 388.

[1156] Worsdell (00²).

[1157] McBride (93).

[1158] Ward (98) p. 205.

[1159] Wieland (06) p. 185. See Wieland’s description for further details.

[1160] Ward (98) p. 208.

[1161] Wieland (06) Pls. +vii.–ix.+, +xii.+, +xiii.+

[1162] _Ibid._ Pl. +xix.+ fig. 5.

[1163] _Ibid. passim_; (12).

[1164] Wieland (14).

[1165] This subject is more fully dealt with by Wieland in the Volume published since the above was written [Wieland (16)].

[1166] Goeppert (53).

[1167] Solms-Laubach (91) A. p. 100.

[1168] Schuster (11). An excellent photograph of the stem is reproduced in this paper.

[1169] Wieland (08) p. 96.

[1170] Raciborski (92²).

[1171] Seward (97) A.

[1172] Wieland (06) Pl. +xix.+ fig. 5.

[1173] Seward (97) A. figs. 3, 4, pp. 24, 32.

[1174] Lignier (01).

[1175] Lignier (01).

[1176] Morière (69).

[1177] Saporta (75) A. Pl. l.

[1178] Ward (94) p. 87; (98) p. 216.

[1179] Wieland (06) p. 79, Pl. +xiv.+

[1180] Chamberlain (09).

[1181] Fliche and Zeiller (04) p. 789, Pl. +xix.+

[1182] Saporta (75) A. p. 262, Pl. 118.

[1183] Ward (99) B. p. 639, Pls. +clvi.+, +clvii.+

[1184] Lindley and Hutton (35) A. Pl. 143. (I have not seen the actual specimen.—A. C. S.)

[1185] Ward (00²), Pls. +xiv.–xxi.+

[1186] _Ibid._ (05) B. p. 198, Pls. +xlvi.–lxiii.+

[1187] Wieland (06) p. 101.

[1188] Fliche (96) p. 48, Pl. +v.+ figs. 2, 3; Pl. +xiv.+ fig. 1.

[1189] _Ibid._ Pl. v. fig. 3.

[1190] Stopes (15) p. 247, Pls. +xxiii.–xxv.+, text-figs. 72–75.

[1191] Solms-Laubach (04) p. 12, Pl. +ii.+ figs. 5, 6.

[1192] Young and Bird (22) A. For a fuller account of the history of our knowledge of _Williamsonia_, see Seward (95) A. p. 146.

[1193] Williamson (40) p. 230.

[1194] Yates (55).

[1195] Leckenby, A. (64). See also Seward (00) B. p. 190.

[1196] Williamson (70).

[1197] Carruthers (70).

[1198] Saporta (91).

[1199] Seward (97⁴).

[1200] Wieland (11).

[1201] Wieland (13).

[1202] Nathorst (13).

[1203] See page 480.

[1204] Williamson (70) Pl. +liii.+ fig. 5; Seward (97⁴).

[1205] Saporta (75) A. Pl. +xi.+ fig. 1.

[1206] _Ibid._ Pl. +xv.+

[1207] Wieland (11) p. 448, fig. 6.

[1208] Seward (95) A. p. 146.

[1209] Nathorst (09) (11).

[1210] Lignier (07).

[1211] Saporta (91) Pl. 248.

[1212] Nathorst (09) Pl. +iii.+

[1213] Krasser (12).

[1214] Lignier (03).

[1215] Wieland (06) p. 152.

[1216] Lignier (07); Wieland (11) p. 462.

[1217] Nathorst (11) Pl. +ii.+

[1218] Thomas (15²).

[1219] Thomas (15).

[1220] Nathorst (09) p. 6, Pls. +i.+, +ii.+; (11) p. 5, Pls. +i.+, +iii.+; (12).

[1221] Thomas (13²) p. 230, Pl. +xxiv.+ figs. 1–3.

[1222] Capellini and Solms-Laubach (92) Pl. +v.+ fig. 7.

[1223] Nathorst (09) Pl. +i.+ figs. 1–3.

[1224] _Ibid._ (80) p. 39. See also Saporta (91) p. 161, Pl. 248.

[1225] Seward (00) B. p. 201, fig. 35.

[1226] Nathorst (09) p. 14, Pls. +ii.+, +iii.+

[1227] Carruthers (70) p. 694.

[1228] Nathorst (11) p. 19.

[1229] Nathorst (11) p. 9, Pls. +ii.+, +iii.+ See also Nathorst (09) p. 8, Pls. +i.+, +ii.+

[1230] Leckenby (64) A.

[1231] Nathorst (12) p. 7.

[1232] Williamson (70) Pl. +lii.+ fig. 1; Pl. +liii.+ fig. 2.

[1233] Seward (00) B. p. 201, Pl. +ii.+ fig. 7.

[1234] Nathorst (11) p. 19, Pl. +v.+ figs. 1–8; Pl. +vi.+ figs. 1–3. The name _Palaeozamia pecten_ was applied by Leckenby [Leckenby (64) A. p. 77, Pl. +ix.+ fig. 47] both to the fronds and an associated flower which is now recognised as a whorl of microsporophylls. I formerly employed the name _Williamsonia pecten_ for fronds and flowers, but in view of Nathorst’s work it is advisable to follow his example and to use separate names for male and female flowers when there is no proof that they belong to one type; similarly the fronds may conveniently be spoken of as _Ptilophyllum pecten_.

[1235] Nathorst (11) p. 17, Pl. +iv.+

[1236] Nathorst (09) Pl. +vii.+ fig. 1.

[1237] See page 444.

[1238] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pl. +xxxii.+ fig. 2.

[1239] Feistmantel (77²) p. 76; (77⁵) Pl. +ii.+ fig. 5.

[1240] _Ibid._ (77²) Pl. +xliv.+ fig. 2.

[1241] Feistmantel (77²) Pl. +xliv.+ figs. 3, 4.

[1242] Williamson (70) Pl. +lii.+ fig. 1.

[1243] Wieland (11) p. 460, fig. 16 B.

[1244] Nathorst (09) p. 6.

[1245] Feistmantel (77²) Pl. +xli.+ fig. 4; (77) Pl. +i.+ fig. 6; Pl. +ii.+ fig. 4.

[1246] _Ibid._ (76²) p. 52, Pl. +xii.+ figs. 5–7; (77⁵) Pl. +i.+ figs. 4, 5; Pl. +ii.+ fig. 6.

[1247] Feistmantel (77³) p. 181, Pl. +vii.+ figs. 1–4; (77¹) Pl. +ii.+ figs. 1–3.

[1248] My thanks are due to Mr Wieland for a photograph of this species that is mentioned but not figured in his paper on the Mexican Flora, Wieland (13).

[1249] Bancroft (13) p. 76, Pl. +vii.+ figs. 1–5.

[1250] Seward (95) A. p. 157, Pls. +x.+, +xi.+

[1251] Buckland (37) Vol. +i.+ p. 505, Vol. +ii.+ p. 101, Pl. +lxiii.+ figs. 2–10.

[1252] Unger (50) A. p. 327.

[1253] Brongniart (49) A. p. 88.

[1254] Saporta (91) p. 127, Pls. 238, 239.

[1255] For other references, see Seward (04) B. p. 105.

[1256] Miller (57) B. p. 480. For a detailed description and illustrations, see Seward (12²).

[1257] Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 184.

[1258] Bancroft (13).

[1259] Lignier (01).

[1260] Nathorst (11) p. 24, Pl. +v.+ figs. 9–11.

[1261] Wieland (11) p. 462.

[1262] Nathorst (09) p. 10; (11) p. 14.

[1263] Nathorst (09) p. 10.

[1264] Williamson (70) Pl. +lii.+: see also Seward (00) B, Pl. +viii.+ fig. 1.

[1265] Nathorst (09) p. 12, fig. 2.

[1266] Lignier (03²) p. 34.

[1267] In addition to the papers already quoted, reference should also be made to Thomas (15²).

[1268] Wieland (09) p. 430 (the species is here referred to as the ‘El consuelo _Williamsonia_’); (11) p. 461, fig. 17 C.

[1269] Zigno (85) Pl. +xlii.+

[1270] Seward (12) p. 26, Pl. +iii.+ fig. 44; Pl. +vii.+ fig. 86.

[1271] Zigno (85) p. 173, Pl. +xlii.+ figs. 9–11.

[1272] Seward (11²) p. 691, Pl. +v.+ fig. 99.

[1273] Fontaine in Ward (05) B. p. 118, Pl. +xxix.+ fig. 6.

[1274] Nathorst (80) p. 41, Pl. +viii.+ fig. 7.

[1275] Saporta (94) B. p. 105, Pl. +xix.+ fig. 9.

[1276] Newberry and Hollick (95) p. 125, Pl. +xxxv.+ figs. 1–9.

[1277] Hollick (06) p. 107, Pl. +v.+ figs. 27–32; (12) p. 156, Pl. +clxiii.+ fig. 4.

[1278] Newberry and Hollick (95) p. 127, Pl. +xxxvi.+ figs. 1–8.

[1279] Hollick (06) p. 107, Pl. +v.+ figs. 25, 26.

[1280] Ward (99) B. p. 668, Pl. +clxii.+ fig. 20.

[1281] Lesquereux (91) p. 87, Pl. +ii.+ fig. 9.

[1282] Fontaine (89) B. p. 273, Pls. 133, 165.

[1283] Fontaine in Ward (05) B. p. 485, Pl. +cvii.+ fig. 4.

[1284] Ward (05) B. p. 554, Pl. +cxv.+ fig. 11.

[1285] Berry (11) p. 405, Pl. +lxvii.+ figs. 1–4.

[1286] Heer (82) B, p. 59, Pls. +xii.+, +xiii.+

[1287] Dawson (85) p. 12, Pl. +iv.+ fig. 1.

[1288] Nathorst (80) p. 50.

[1289] _Ibid._ (88); (02) p. 9, Pls. +i.–iii.+

[1290] _Ibid._ (09) p. 22, Pls. +v.+, +vi.+

[1291] _Ibid._ p. 33.

[1292] South and Compton (08) p. 225, fig. 36.

[1293] For figures of the stem and flowers, see Nathorst (02); (09).

[1294] Thomas (15²).

[1295] Nathorst retains the name _Anomozamites minor_ for the leaves, restricting _Wielandiella_ to the plant as a whole including strobili and stems which usually occur in organic union [Nathorst (13)].

[1296] Nathorst (09) p. 25, Pl. +vii.+ figs. 14–22.

[1297] Thomas (13²), p. 239.

[1298] Nathorst (02) p. 16.

[1299] Thiselton-Dyer (72).

[1300] Wieland (11) p. 458.

[1301] Thomas (15²).

[1302] See page 449.

[1303] See page 463.

[1304] Seward (00) B. +xvi.+ fig. 1; Thomas, H. H. (15²) Pl. +xiv.+ fig. 26.

[1305] Nathorst (02) p. 7, Pl. 1.

[1306] _Ibid._ (09) p. 27, Pl. +viii.+; (12²) Pls. +i.+, +ii.+; (12).

[1307] See the photographs reproduced in Nathorst’s latest and most complete account (12²).

[1308] Bower (97) B.

[1309] Braun (49). (I have not seen this paper.)

[1310] Saporta (91) p. 191, Pls. 253–255.

[1311] See page 428.

[1312] Nathorst (09) p. 28.

[1313] _Ibid._ (11²); (12²).

[1314] Schuster (11²).

[1315] Schimper (72) A. p. 200.

[1316] _Zeitsch. f. Bot._ 1912, p. 456.

[1317] Saporta (91) pp. 204, 206, Pls. 254, 255.

[1318] Mantell (27).

[1319] See page 463.

[1320] Carruthers (70).

[1321] Saporta (75) A. pp. 256 et seq.

[1322] Saporta (75) A. p. 293, Pls. 123, 124.

[1323] See p. 415.

[1324] Saporta (75) A. p. 256.

[1325] Presl in Sternberg (25) A. p. xxxiii.

[1326] Mantell (27).

[1327] Stokes and Webb (24).

[1328] Brongniart (22) A. p. 209; (28) A. p. 128.

[1329] Carruthers (70) p. 682.

[1330] Carruthers (67); (70) p. 688.

[1331] Stopes (15) p. 309. See _postea_, p. 486.

[1332] Nathorst (86) Pl. +xviii.+ fig. 5.

[1333] Stokes and Webb (24) Pls. +xiv.–xvii.+

[1334] Carruthers (70) p. 686, Pl. +liv.+ See also Seward (95) A. p. 123.

[1335] Seward (95) A. p. 132, Pl. +ix.+ fig. 6; (13) p. 101.

[1336] _Ibid._ Pl. +i.+ fig. 2.

[1337] Carruthers (70) p. 689, Pl. +lv.+ fig. 2.

[1338] Seward (04) B. p. 45.

[1339] Carruthers (70) p. 687, Pl. +lv.+ fig. 1.

[1340] Carruthers, p. 689, Pl. +lv.+ figs. 7–9.

[1341] Carruthers (67); (70) p. 688, Pl. +lv.+ figs. 3–6. See also Seward (95) A. p. 166.

[1342] Stopes (15) p. 299, text-figs. 93–97.

[1343] Stopes (15) p. 309, text-figs. 98–100.

[1344] Sternberg (25) A. Pl. 30.

[1345] Brongniart (28) A. p. 128.

[1346] Carruthers (70) p. 686.

[1347] _Ibid._ (70) p. 690, Pl. +lvi.+

[1348] Saporta (75) A. p. 308, Pls. 125, 126.

[1349] _Ibid._ p. 322, Pl. 127, figs. 1–3.

[1350] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pl. +xxxiv.+

[1351] Feistmantel (77²) p. 78.

[1352] Wieland (11) p. 440.

[1353] Seward (00) B. p. 194.

[1354] Bancroft (13).

[1355] For illustrations and further details see Bancroft (13).

[1356] Saporta (75) A. p. 331, Pl. 119, fig. 3.

[1357] Lignier (95) p. 11, fig. 1.

[1358] _Ibid._ p. 15, fig. 2.

[1359] Stokes and Webb (24) Pl. +xlv.+; Mantell (27), etc. See Seward (95) A. pp. 126, 130, etc., for other references.

[1360] Ward (99) B. p. 693, Pl. 169, fig. 19.

[1361] Feistmantel (76²) Pl. +x.+ fig. 2.

[1362] Hollick and Jeffrey (09) B. p. 17.

[1363] Stopes (15) p. 314, Pls. +xxxi.+, +xxxii.+, text-figs. 101–111.

[1364] Saporta (75) A. p. 200, Pl. 114, figs. 4–6.

[1365] Seward (95) A. p. 96.

[1366] Feistmantel (76²) Pl. +vii.+ fig. 5.

[1367] Seward (95) A. p. 98, Pl. +v.+ figs. 2, 6; (03) B. p. 31.

[1368] _Ibid._ (13) p. 101, Pl. +xii.+ figs. 3, 4; Pl. +xiv.+ fig. 6.

[1369] Saporta (75) A. Pl. 127.

[1370] Carruthers (70) Pl. +lvi.+

[1371] I am indebted to Mr Edwards of the Geological Department of the British Museum for making a preparation of the cuticle.

[1372] Tate (67) Pl. +vi.+ fig. 4; Seward (03) B. p. 29, Pl. +iv.+ figs. 3–6.

[1373] For further reference to this generic name, as applied to Palaeozoic seeds, see page 364.

[1374] Nathorst (14) p. 33.

[1375] Ward (00) B. p. 363.

[1376] Pomel (49) p. 16.

[1377] Lindley and Hutton (36) A. Pl. 189. See also Seward (04) B. p. 124.

[1378] Lindley and Hutton (36) A. Pl. 189, figs. 3, 5.

[1379] Seward (95) A. p. 105, fig. 7.

[1380] Saporta (75) A. p. 242, Pl. 117, fig. 9.

[1381] Fontaine (89) B. p. 270, Pls. 135, 136.

[1382] Compter, G. (03).

[1383] Schimper (72) A. p. 207, Pl. +lxxii.+ figs. 18–23.

[1384] Pomel (49) p. 13.

[1385] Schenk (67) A. p. 150, Pl. +xxxiii.+ fig. 10.

[1386] See page 141.

[1387] Zigno (85) p. 156, Pl. +xlii.+

[1388] Saporta (91) p. 466, Pl. 298.

[1389] Seward (11²) p. 699, Pl. +vii.+ fig. 18.

[1390] Saporta (75) A. Pl. 116; (91) Pl. 298.

[1391] Saporta and Marion (85) p. 111.

[1392] Nathorst (86) p. 80, Pl. +xvii.+ fig. 7.

[1393] _Ibid._ (02) p. 6, Pl. +i.+ fig. 11.

[1394] Carruthers (69).

[1395] Lindley and Hutton (35) A. Pl. 159.

[1396] Seward and Gowan (00) B. p. 143; Seward (00) B. p. 275, Pl. +ix.+ fig. 11.

[1397] Nathorst (02) p. 21, Pl. +i.+ figs. 14, 15.

[1398] Nathorst (02) p. 20, Pl. +i.+ figs. 22, 23.

[1399] _Ibid._ (09²) p. 23.

[1400] See Vol. +iv.+

[1401] Endlicher (40) p. 72. See also Schimper (72) A. p. 201.

[1402] Lindley and Hutton (35) A. Pl. 125.

[1403] Carruthers (67³) p. 104.

[1404] Heer (77) +ii.+ p. 47, Pl. +xiii.+ fig. 10.

[1405] Fliche (96) p. 27, Pl. +i.+ fig. 3.

[1406] Seward (95) A. pp. 113 _et seq._; (96) A. p. 215; (04) B. pp. 138, 150.

[1407] Solms-Laubach (91) A. p. 92.

[1408] Lindley and Hutton (35) A. Pl. 136.

[1409] Corda in Reuss (46) B. Pl. +xlvi.+

[1410] Velenovský (85) B. Pl. 6, Pls. +iii.–v.+

[1411] Carruthers (70) Pl. +liv.+ fig. 6.

[1412] Saporta and Marion (85) p. 116, fig. 61, B.

[1413] Schimper (72) A. p. 199.

[1414] See Vol. +iv.+

[1415] Saporta (75) A. p. 209, Pl. 115, figs. 1, 2.

[1416] Heer (77) +ii.+ p. 47, Pl. +iv.+ figs. 14, 15.

[1417] Nathorst (78²) B. p. 49, Pl. +ii.+ figs. 15, 16.

[1418] Corda in Reuss (46) B. p. 86, Pl. +xlix.+ figs. 10, 11.

[1419] Carruthers (67²) p. 6.

[1420] Velenovský (85) B. p. 8, Pl. +iii.+ figs. 1–3, 6, 11.

[1421] Vol. +ii.+ p. 88.

[1422] Seward (95) A. p. 110, Pl. +ix.+ figs. 1–4.

[1423] I am indebted to Mr W. N. Edwards of the British Museum for the cuticular preparations.

[1424] Newberry (88) p. 346, Pl. +viii.+ fig. 5.

[1425] Lesquereux (91) p. 29, Pl. +i.+ fig. 12.

[1426] Fontaine (89) B. p. 174, Pl. +lxx.+ fig. 4; Pl. +lxxi.+ figs. 3, 4, etc.

[1427] Saporta (74); Saporta and Marion (85) p. 116, fig. 61 C.

[1428] Ettingshausen (88²) p. 272, Pl. +iii.+ fig. 10.

[1429] Thomas, H. H. (15²).

[1430] Gutbier (49) Pl. +viii.+ fig. 7. For a fuller account of Palaeozoic records, see Seward (95) A. p. 9.

[1431] Eichwald (55) Vol. +i.+ Pl. +xv.+ figs. 5, 6; Zeiller (96) A. p. 474.

[1432] Sandberger (64) Pl. +ii.+ figs. 1–4.

[1433] Saporta and Marion (85) p. 109; Zeiller (06) B. p. 194.

[1434] Goeppert (44) Pl. +i.+ fig. 6.

[1435] _Ibid._ (66) Pl. +ii.+

[1436] Saporta and Marion (78) Pl. +i.+ figs. 4, 5.

[1437] _Ibid._ (85) fig. 61, A, p. 116.

[1438] Krasser (03) p. 852.

[1439] Ettingshausen (86) Pl. +viii.+ figs. 19–21; (88) Pl. +viii.+ figs. 19–21.

[1440] Nathorst (12³) p. 36.

[1441] Thomas and Bancroft (13).

[1442] The genus _Ptilozamites_ described briefly in Volume +ii.+ has recently been fully investigated by Antevs[1443] who had access to the rich material in the Stockholm Museum from the Rhaetic beds of Scania. He thinks that the genus is intermediate between _Anomozamites_ and _Ctenopteris_; its systematic position has not been definitely established but, as Antevs says, there seems to be no reason why it should not be a member of the Cycadophyta. In some species, _e.g._ _Ptilozamites fallax_ Nath. and _P. Nilssoni_ Nath., the rachis is forked, while in _P. Heeri_ Nath. with linear fronds reaching a length of 53 cm. the rachis is undivided.

[1443] Antevs (14²).

[1444] See page 502.

[1445] Nathorst (08) Pl. +i.+ figs. 3–5; Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 194, Pl. +xx.+ fig. 12.

[1446] Fontaine (89) B. p. 160, Pls. +lxi.–lxvi.+; Berry (11) p. 354.

[1447] Morris (40) Pl. +xxi.+ figs. 1–4.

[1448] Lindley and Hutton (34) A. Pl. +cii.+

[1449] Morris (41) p. 116.

[1450] _Ibid._ (54) p. 15.

[1451] Oldham and Morris (63) B. p. 27.

[1452] Feistmantel (76²).

[1453] _Ibid._ (76²) p. 42.

[1454] _Ibid._ (77²) Pl. +xl.+ figs. 1, 2.

[1455] _Ibid._ (77²) p. 94, Pls. +v.+ +vi.+

[1456] _Ibid._ (79).

[1457] _Ibid._ (77⁴).

[1458] Seward (00) B. p. 193.

[1459] _Ibid._ (03) p. 227.

[1460] Halle (13²).

[1461] Halle (13²).

[1462] Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 184.

[1463] Phillips (29) A. Pl. +vii.+ fig. 22; Pl. +x.+ fig. 4.

[1464] Heer (75) +ii.+

[1465] Halle (13²).

[1466] _Ibid._

[1467] Heer (75) +ii.+ Pls. +xiv.–xvi.+

[1468] Phillips (29) A. Pl. +vii.+ fig. 22; Pl. +x.+ fig. 4.

[1469] Sternberg (23) A. Pl. +xxxiii.+ fig. 1. For other references, see Seward (00) B. p. 190; (04) B. p. 106.

[1470] Brongniart (28) A. p. 94.

[1471] Lindley and Hutton (35) A. Pl. 172.

[1472] Brongniart (28) A. p. 94.

[1473] Andrae (53) A. Pl. +xi.+ fig. 1.

[1474] Seward (07²) p. 29.

[1475] Nathorst (04²) B; Halle (13²).

[1476] Halle (13).

[1477] Heer (75) +ii.+ p. 66, Pls. +xiv.+, +xv.+

[1478] Halle (13²) p. 58, Pl. +vii.+

[1479] _Ibid._ p. 56, Pl. +vii.+

[1480] Goeppert (44) p. 52.

[1481] Dunker (46) A. p. 14, Pl. +ii.+ fig. 3; Pl. +vi.+ fig. 4.

[1482] Miquel (51) p. 212.

[1483] Seward (95) A. p. 38.

[1484] Schimper (70) A. p. 127.

[1485] Schenk (71) B. Pl. +xxxvi.+

[1486] Brongniart (28) A. p. 94.

[1487] Schenk (71) B. p. 8.

[1488] Schenk (67) A. Pls. +xxxvi.+—+vii.+

[1489] Goeppert (44) p. 122.

[1490] Pomel (47) p. 342.

[1491] Bornemann (56) A. p. 54.

[1492] Nathorst (90) A. p. 46.

[1493] Seward (95) A. p. 75.

[1494] Zeiller (03) B. p. 165.

[1495] Halle (13²) p. 55.

[1496] Schimper (72) A. pp. 128, 163.

[1497] Kurr, J. G. (45) B. Pl. +i.+ fig. 5.

[1498] Schenk (71) B. p. 8, Pl. +i.+ fig. 8.

[1499] Saporta (94) B. Pl. +xvi.+

[1500] Yokoyama (94) Pl. +xxi.+ fig. 5.

[1501] Feistmantel (79²) p. 18. This statement is based on an examination of the specimen.

[1502] Zeiller (94) B. p. 174.

[1503] Halle (13²) p. 55.

[1504] See page 525.

[1505] Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 184.

[1506] Zeiller (03) B. p. 166, Pl. +xliii.+ figs. 3–6.

[1507] Brongniart (28) A. p. 94. See Seward (00) B. p. 178.

[1508] Lindley and Hutton (38) A. Pl. +clxv.+

[1509] Saporta (75) A. Pls. +LXXXVII–XCII.+

[1510] _Ibid_. Pls. +lxxxiv.+, +lxxxv.+

[1511] _Ibid_. Pl. +xciii.+

[1512] Saporta (75) A. Pl. +xciii.+

[1513] Andrae (53) A. Pl. +ix.+

[1514] Frič and Bayer (01) B. fig. 43, p. 92.

[1515] Hosius and von der March (80) B. Pl. +xliv.+ fig. 202.

[1516] Tate (67) Pl. +v.+ fig. 7.

[1517] Seward (03) B. p. 21, Pls. +iii.+ +v.+

[1518] No. 11117.

[1519] Seward (95) A. p. 86, Pl. +vi.+

[1520] _Ibid_. (11²) p. 694, Pl. +x.+ fig. 43.

[1521] Miller (57) B. fig. 136.

[1522] Richards (84) p. 120.

[1523] Ettingshausen (52) B. p. 21, Pl. +i.+ fig. 1; Seward (95) A. p. 79, Pls. +iii.+, +iv.+, +viii.+

[1524] Goeppert (47) Pl. +xxxviii.+

[1525] Fontaine (89) B. p. 182, Pls. +lxviii.–lxxiv.+, etc.

[1526] Yokoyama (94) p. 223, Pls. +xx.+, +xxiii.+, etc.

[1527] Nathorst (90) A. Pls. +ii.+, +iii.+, +v.+

[1528] Braun in Münster (42) B. p. 36.

[1529] Seward (95) A. p. 56.

[1530] Heer (75) +ii.+ Pl. +xxvi.+ fig. 2; the specimen is in the Stockholm Museum.

[1531] Halle (13²) p. 55.

[1532] Zigno (85) Pl. +xlii.+ fig. 9.

[1533] Wieland (13).

[1534] Schenk (67) A. Pl. +xxxiv.+ fig. 7.

[1535] Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 186, Pl. +xix.+ figs. 3, 4.

[1536] Seward (95) A. Pl. +i.+ figs. 1, 2.

[1537] Brongniart (25) Pl. +xix.+ fig. 4; Seward (00) B. p. 219; (04) B. p. 39.

[1538] Lindley and Hutton (34) A. Pl. +cxxviii.+

[1539] Zeiller (12) p. 6; Halle (13²) p. 63 (footnote).

[1540] Seward (00) B. p. 218.

[1541] Leckenby (64) A. Pl. +viii.+ fig. 5; Seward (00) B. p. 213, Pls. +i.+, +ii.+

[1542] Zigno (81) Pl. +xxxiii.+ figs. 3, 4.

[1543] Saporta (75) A. PL. 101.

[1544] _Ibid._ Pl. 99.

[1545] Halle (13²) Pl. +vii.+

[1546] Heer (75) +ii.+ Pl. +xvi.+ figs. 5–8.

[1547] Schenk (67) A. Pls. +xxxiii.+, +xxxiv.+

[1548] Zeiller (03) B. Pl. +xliii.+ fig. 1.

[1549] Krasser (91) p. 12.

[1550] Zeiller (05).

[1551] Lindley and Hutton (32) A. Pl. +xliv.+

[1552] Leckenby (64) A. Pl. +x.+ fig. 2.

[1553] Zigno (85) Pls. +xxxv.–xxxvi.+

[1554] Zigno (53) p. 11; Seward (00) B. p. 211.

[1555] Leckenby (64) A. Pl. +ix.+ fig. 3.

[1556] Feistmantel (79) Pls. +vii.+, +xvi.+

[1557] Möller (03) Pl. +i.+

[1558] Zigno (81) Pl. +xxiv.+; Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 186; Seward (00) B. p. 221.

[1559] Oldham and Morris (63) B. p. 27, Pl. +xix.+; Feistmantel (76²) Pl. +vii.+ fig. 4.

[1560] Dunker (46) A. p. 11, Pl. +ix.+ figs. 6, 7; Seward (95) A. p. 60.

[1561] Saporta (75) A. Pls. +cx.+, +cxi.+

[1562] _Ibid._ Pl. +cx.+

[1563] Thomas (11) p. 83, Pls. +v.+, +vi.+

[1564] Fontaine in Ward (05) B. Pl. +xxxviii.+

[1565] Nathorst (13) p. 279.

[1566] Dunker (46) A. p. 14, Pl. +ii.+ fig. 5; Seward (95) A. p. 70, Pl. +i.+

[1567] Oldham and Morris (63) B. p. 37.

[1568] Seward (03).

[1569] Yabe (05) B. Pl. +ii.+ figs. 2–7.

[1570] Halle (12); (13) p. 9, Pl. +v.+ figs. 29–33.

[1571] Bancroft (13).

[1572] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pl. +xxiv.+ figs. 1, 2; Feistmantel (76²) Pls. +iv.–vi.+; (77) Pl. +ii.+

[1573] Yokoyama (89) B, Pl. +vii.+ fig. 10; Pls. +x.+, +xi.+

[1574] Seward (03) p. 217.

[1575] The statement made by me [Seward (11⁴) p. 3] that _Dictyozamites_ occurs in the Falklands is incorrect.

[1576] Nathorst (89); Möller (03) p. 25, Pl. +v.+

[1577] Nathorst (07²) Pl. +iii.+ figs. 2–8.

[1578] Seward (03); Thomas (13²) p. 238; Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 186, Pl. +xix.+ figs. 6–8.

[1579] Brongniart (25).

[1580] Nathorst (81) p. 61.

[1581] Brongniart (28) A. p. 95.

[1582] Heer (75) ii. Pl. +xv.+ fig. 11.

[1583] Schimper (72) A. p. 140.

[1584] Potonié (99) B. p. 281.

[1585] Zeiller (03) B. p. 174.

[1586] Halle (15) p. 515, Pl. +xiii.+ figs. 18–20, 22.

[1587] Heer (76) A. Pl. +xxxv.+ fig. 3.

[1588] Leuthardt (03) p. 20.

[1589] See page 463.

[1590] Thomas (13²) p. 237.

[1591] Schenk (67) A. Pls. +xxxvii.–viii.+

[1592] _Ibid_. Pl. +xxxix.+ fig. 7.

[1593] Thomas and Bancroft (13) Pl. +xix.+ fig. 5.

[1594] Ettingshausen (86) Pl. +viii.+ figs. 19–21.

[1595] Renault and Zeiller (88) A. p. 619, Pl. +lxviii.+

[1596] Arber, E. A. N. (12²).

[1597] Sandberger (64) Pl. +ii.+ figs. 1–4.

[1598] Renault (96) A. p. 322, fig. 64.

[1599] Saporta and Marion (85) p. 109, fig. 58 A.

[1600] Sandberger (64) Pl. +ii.+ figs. 1–4.

[1601] Geinitz (73) Pl. +iii.+ fig. 9.

[1602] Geinitz fig. 8.

[1603] Brongniart (28) p. 95.

[1604] Leuthardt (03) p. 14, Pl. +v.+

[1605] _Ibid_. p. 16, Pl. +v.+

[1606] _Ibid_. Pl. +vii.+ fig. 4; Pl. +viii.+ figs. 3–5.

[1607] Krasser (09).

[1608] Schenk (67) Pl. +ii.+ There are some fine examples from the Raibl beds in the Vienna Geological Survey Collection.

[1609] Arber (07).

[1610] Fontaine (83) B. p. 80, Pls. +xliii.–v.+

[1611] Schimper (72) A. pp. 127, 132.

[1612] Schenk (67) Pl. +ii.+

[1613] Goeppert (44); Schenk (67) A. p. 164, Pl. +xxxviii.+

[1614] Schenk (87) B. p. 6, Pls. +vi.+, +ix.+

[1615] Zeiller (03) B. p. 189, Pl. +xlvii.+ fig. 1.

[1616] Zeiller (03) B. p. 198, Pl. +xlix.+ figs. 1–3.

[1617] _Ibid._ (05) p. 194.

[1618] Braun, F. (43).

[1619] Zeiller (03) B. p. 177, Pl. +xliii.+ fig. 8; Pl. +xliv.+ figs. 1–5.

[1620] Schenk (67) A. Pl. +xxxviii.+ figs. 5–9.

[1621] Zeiller (03) B. Pl. +xliii.+ fig. 7.

[1622] Feistmantel (86) Pl. +ii.+ A. figs. 4–8.

[1623] Seward (00) B. p. 239.

[1624] Seward (11²) p. 694, Pls. +iv.+, +v.+ etc.

[1625] Zeiller (03) B. Pl. +xix.+

[1626] Fontaine in Ward (05) B. Pl. +xxii.+

[1627] Schenk (71) B. Pl. +xxiv.+ fig. 5.

[1628] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pl. +ix.+; Feistmantel (77³) Pls. +v.+, +vi.+

[1629] Phillips (29) A. Pl. +viii.+ fig. 4.

[1630] See Seward (00) B. p. 204.

[1631] Dunker (46) A. p. 14, Pl. +vi.+ figs. 1, 2.

[1632] Seward (95) A. p. 91; see also Schenk (71) Pl. +xxxiv.+

[1633] Sternberg (25) A. p. +xxxii.+

[1634] Brongniart (28) A. p. 93. Specimens named by Brongniart _Cycadites Nilssoniana_ are probably fragments of Dicotyledonous leaves [Nathorst (81) p. 83].

[1635] Holden, R. (14²).

[1636] Nathorst (07³).

[1637] Halle (15).

[1638] Pls. +xii.+, +xiii.+

[1639] Thomas and Bancroft (13).

[1640] Heer (82) B. Pl. +v.+

[1641] _Ibid._ (78) ii. Pl. +iv.+ fig. 1; Nathorst (97²) p. 387.

[1642] Heer (77) ii. Pls. +viii.+, +xxiii.+, +xxv.+

[1643] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pls. +vii.+, +viii.+; Feistmantel (77²) Pl. +xlviii.+ fig. 1; the drawing is very inaccurate.

[1644] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pl. +ix.+

[1645] Feistmantel (79) Pl. +vii.+ fig. 10; Nathorst (09) p. 5, note 2.

[1646] Goeppert (66).

[1647] Zeiller (02) B. Pl. +vii.+ fig. 4.

[1648] Nathorst (07³) Pls. +i.–iii.+

[1649] Seward (95) A. p 29, Pl. +ii.+ fig. 7; Pl. +vi.+ fig. 5; Pl. +viii.+ fig. 2.

[1650] Saporta (94) B. p. 171, Pl. +xxxii.+

[1651] Holden, R. (14²).

[1652] Halle (55), p. 502.

[1653] Schenk (71) B. Pl. +xxxii.+ fig. 1.

[1654] Seward (95) A. pp. 2–7.

[1655] Halle (15), Pl. +xii.+ fig. 12.

[1656] Zeiller (03) B. p. 155, Pl. +xli.+

[1657] Brauns (66) p. 56, Pl. +xiv.+ fig. 7; Schenk (67) A. Pl. +xxxv.+ fig. 11; Seward (04) B. p. 37, Pl. +iv.+ fig. 4; Pl. +ii.+ fig. 1.

[1658] Lignier (13) p. 90, Pl. +ix.+ figs. 18, 19.

[1659] Brongniart (25).

[1660] Nathorst (09²).

[1661] Pages 13, 16.

[1662] Nathorst (09²); Thomas and Bancroft (13).

[1663] Stopes (10²).

[1664] Schenk (67) A. Pl. +xxix.+ figs. 1, 2.

[1665] See vol. +iv.+

[1666] Nathorst (86) Pl. +xviii.+ fig. 5.

[1667] _Ibid_. (09²) p. 28.

[1668] Thomas (13²) p. 241; Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 193.

[1669] Miquel (42) p. 61.

[1670] Schenk (67) A. p. 127, Pls. +xxix.+, +xxx.+; Nathorst (09²) p. 10, Pl. +v.+ figs. 9–13, etc.

[1671] For other references see Nathorst (09²) p. 10.

[1672] Brongniart (25) p. 218.

[1673] Nathorst (09²) p. 12, Pl. +i.+ figs. 2–35, etc.

[1674] Oldham and Morris (63) Pls. +vii.+, +viii.+

[1675] Feistmantel (77³) p. 124.

[1676] Schenk (67) A. Pl. +xxix.+ fig. 10.

[1677] Stopes (10²).

[1678] Nathorst (86) p. 72.

[1679] _Ibid._ (02) p. 18, Pl. +i.+

[1680] _Ibid._ (09²) p. 21, Pls. +vi.+, +vii.+

[1681] Phillips (29) A. p. 148, Pl. +vii.+ fig. 20. See Seward (00) B, p. 223, Pl. +iv.+ fig. 5; text figs. 39, 40.

[1682] Thomas and Bancroft (13) p. 191.

[1683] A specimen in the Natural History Museum, Paris, labelled _N. Williamsonis_ is probably that mentioned by Brongniart.

[1684] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pls. +x.–xiii.+; Feistmantel (77) Pl. +xlvii.+

[1685] Heer (78) ii. Pls. +xxiii.+, +xxiv.+; Seward (12³) p. 27, Pl. +ii.+

[1686] Nathorst (97) p. 13.

[1687] Yokoyama (89) B. Pls. +v.+, +vii.+, +xii.+, +xiii.+; Ward (05) B. Pl. +xvii.+

[1688] Heer (78) ii. p. 18, Pl. +iv.+ figs. 5–9.

[1689] Seward (00) B. p. 230, fig. 41.

[1690] Heer (82) B. Pl. +vi.+

[1691] For figures and references, see Seward (11²) p. 695; Thomas (11) p. 86.

[1692] Halle (13²) p. 47, Pls. +v.+, +vi.+

[1693] Fontaine (89) B. Pls. +xxx.–xxxv.+

[1694] Berry (11) p. 362, Pls. +lvii.+, +lviii.+

[1695] Seward (00) B. p. 224.

[1696] Nathorst (97) Pl. +i.+ fig. 18.

[1697] Seward (12) p. 30.

[1698] Yokoyama (89) B.; Nathorst (90) A.

[1699] Stopes (10²).

[1700] Salfield (09) B. Pl. +iii.+ figs. 5–7.

[1701] For references, see Seward (12) p. 31.

[1702] Phillips (29) A. p. 148, Pl. +vii.+ fig. 19.

[1703] Leckenby (64) A. p. 77; Seward (00) B. p. 227, Pl. +iv.+ figs. 1–4.

[1704] Seward (00) B. p. 227.

[1705] Krasser (09) p. 120.

[1706] Seward (11²) p. 697.

[1707] Oldham and Morris (63) B. p. 23, Pls. +x.–xiii.+; Feistmantel (77) Pl. +xlvii.+

[1708] Oldham and Morris (63) B. Pl. +xv.+ fig. 1.

[1709] Dunker (46) A. p. 15, Pl. +i.+ fig. 7, etc.; Seward (95) A. p. 53.

[1710] Schenk (71) B.; Nathorst (90) A.; Yokoyama (94); Fontaine in Ward (05) B.; Yabe (13).

[1711] Lindley and Hutton (34) A. Pl. +ciii.+; Phillips (29) A. Pl. +vii.+ fig. 21.

[1712] Zeiller (00) B. p. 115; Krasser (09) p. 113.

[1713] Ettingshausen (51).

[1714] Schenk (68²).

[1715] Raciborski (94) A. Pls. +xvii.–xix.+

[1716] Staub (96).

[1717] Nathorst (86) p. 43.

[1718] Seward (00) p. 21; (00) B. p. 232, figs. 42, 43.

[1719] Raciborski (94) A. Pl. +xvi.+

[1720] Fontaine (89) B. p. 174, Pls. +lxx.–lxxii.+

[1721] Krasser (09) p. 113.

[1722] Nathorst (86) p. 89, Pls. +vii.+, +viii.+, +xi.+, +xix.+

[1723] Raciborski (92) Pl. +ii.+ fig. 2.

[1724] Staub (96)

[1725] Ettingshausen (51) Pls. +xi.+, +xii.+

[1726] Schenk (68²).

[1727] Raciborski (92) Pl. +ii.+ fig. 2.

[1728] _Ibid._ (94) A. Pl. +xviii.+ fig. 2.

[1729] Yokoyama (06) B. Pl. +ix.+

[1730] Phillips (29) A. p. 148, Pl. +vii.+ fig. 21.

[1731] Lindley and Hutton (34) A. Pl. +ciii.+

[1732] Ward (05) B. p. 113.

[1733] Seward (00) B. p. 235, Pl. +viii.+ fig. 2; Zigno (56) A. Pl. +xxiv.+

[1734] Fontaine in Ward (05) B. Pls. +xxvii.–xxviii.+

[1735] Seward (12) Pl. +iii.+ fig. 43.

[1736] Seward (04) B. p. 115.

[1737] _Ibid._ (00) p. 21.

[1738] Seward (11²) p. 691.

[1739] _Ibid._ p. 792, Pls. +iv.+, +vii.+, +viii.+, +x.+

[1740] Miller (57) B. figs. 133, 135.

[1741] Richards (84) p. 117.

[1742] Seward (95) A. p. 89, fig. 5.

[1743] Tate (67) Pl. +v.+ fig. 3; Seward (03) B. Pl. +v.+ fig. 3.

[1744] Fontaine (83) B. Pls. +xxxix.–xlii.+

[1745] Fontaine in Ward (05) B. Pl. +xxiii.+

[1746] Seward (11²) Pls. +iv.+, +vii.+

[1747] Halle (13²) p. 51, Pl. +vi.+ fig. 8.

[1748] Berry (11) p. 349.

[1749] Oldham and Morris (63) Pl. +xv.+ fig. 4.

[1750] _Ibid._ Pl. +xv.+ fig. 1.; Feistmantel (77) Pl. +xliii.+ fig. 1.

[1751] Thomas (13²) p. 242, Pls. +xxiv.+, +xxvi.+

[1752] _Ibid._ Pl. +xxvi.+

[1753] Feistmantel (86) Pl. +ii.+ A. figs. 4–8.

[1754] Brongniart (49) A. p. 61.

[1755] Zigno (85) p. 105.

[1756] Seward (00) B. p. 215.

[1757] Renault (96) A. p. 327; (93) A. Pl. +lxxxi.+ fig. 1.

[1758] Seward (04) B. p. 119, Pl. +xi.+ fig. 4, text-fig. 12.

[1759] Buckman (45) Pl. +i.+ fig. 2.

[1760] Zigno (85) Pls. +xxxix.+, +xl.+

[1761] Newberry (88) Pl. +viii.+ fig. 14.

[1762] See vol. +iv.+

[1763] Bodenbender (02) p. 40 of the reprint.

[1764] Zeiller (94) B. p. 174, Pls. +viii.+, +ix.+

[1765] Renault and Zeiller (88) A. p. 614, Pl. +lxvii.+ fig. 8.

[1766] Zalessky (05²) p. 401, fig. 13.

[1767] Potonié (93) A. p. 210, Pl. +xxix.+ fig. 5.

[1768] Zalessky (05²) p. 403, figs. 14, 15.

[1769] Bassler (16).

[1770] Saporta (75) A. p. 193, Pl. 114, fig. 3; Pl. 117, fig. 1.

[1771] Fliche and Bleicher (82) p. 21, fig. 4.

[1772] Stopes (15) p. 53.

CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY J. B. PEACE, M.A., AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Transcriber’s Notes:

• Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
• Text enclosed by pluses is in small caps (+small caps+).
• Text enclosed by asterisks is in blackletter font (*blackletter*).
• Blank pages have been removed.
• Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.
• An ERRATUM appears to have been pasted onto page 602 of the
bibliography, this was moved to follow the bibliography.