Chapter XI: Introduction (10)

Cumbraes Isles and Cumbrian Mountains, named after the _Cymbri_

Cundinamarca, named after an Indian goddess

Curaçoa, named from a kind of bird

Currie, 56

Cuzeo, the centre, in Peru

CWM, as prefix--_v._ 53, at COMBE

Cyclades Isles, Grk. _kuklos_, a circle

Cyprus, perhaps named from the herb _kupros_, with which it
abounded, called by the Greeks _Cerastes_, the horned

Czernowitz, Sclav. black town

D

Dacca, Sansc. _Da-akka_, the hidden goddess, from a statue of
Durga found there

Dantzic, Danish fort, 61

Daventry, 196

Daviot, 6

Dax, 9

Deal, 59

Deccan, Sansc. _Dakshina_, the south land

Delft, 62

Delhi, Sansc. _dahal_, a quagmire

Denbigh, 64

Denmark, 134

Deptford, 54

Derbend, the shut-up gates or the difficult pass

Derry or Londonderry, 61

Derwent R., 70

Desaguadero R., Span. the drain

Detmold, 64

Détroit, the strait between Lake St. Clair and Lake Erie

Devizes, anc. _de vies_, denoting a place where two ways met

Devonshire, 64

Dhawalagiri Mountain, 90

Dieppe, 54

Digne, 64

Dijon, 69

Dinan and Dinant, 54

Dingle, 58

Dingwall, 190

Dinkelsbuhl, 33

Dmitrov, the town of St. Demetrius

Dnieper R., _i.e._ _Don-ieper_, upper river

Dniester, _Don-iester_, lower river Don

Doab, 2

Dole, 59

Dolgelly, 60

Dominica Isle, so named because discovered on Sunday, _i.e._
_Dies Dominica_

Donagh, as prefix, 65

Dondra Head, 65

Donegall, 69

Donnybrook, 65

Doon R., 14

Dorchester, 44

Dorking, 70

Dornoch, 66

Dorset, 173

Dort or Dordrecht, 66

Douglas, 91

Douro R., 70

Dover, anc. _Dubris_, or anc. Brit. _Dufy-rraha_

Dovrefield Mountains, 78

Downpatrick, 68

Downs, The, 69

Drachenfels, 78

Drenthe, 18

Dresden, Sclav. _Drezany_, the haven

Dreux, named from the _Durocasses_

Drogheda, 66

Drohobicz, Sclav. the woody place

Droitwich, 209

Dromore, 67

Drontheim, 99

Dryburgh, 62

Dubicza, 68

Dublin, 126

Dubro, 57

Dumbarton, 68

Dumfries, 68

Dungeness, 145

Dunkirk, 70

Dunluce, 128

Dunse, now Duns, 70

Dunstable, 182

Durham, 106

Durrow, 62

Dynevor, 64

Dyrrachium, Grk. the place with the dangerous breakers, _Dus_ and
_rachia_

Dysart, 63

E

Eaglesham, church hamlet

Ecclefechan, the church of St. Fechan

Eccleshall, 72

Ecija, 12

Ecuador, _i.e._ on the equator

Edessa, 73

Edfou, corrupt. from _Atbo_, the Coptic synonym for _Hut_,
the throne of Horus

Edinburgh, 68

Edom, the red land

Egripo or Negropont, 159

Ehrenbreitstein, 181

Eichstadt, Ger. oak town

Eiger, the giant, in Switzerland

Eisenach, 74

Eisenberg, 74

Elbing, named from the river on which it stands

Elbœuf, 37

Elché, 109

Elgin, named after Helgyn, a Norwegian chief, about A.D. 927

Elimo or Elath, the trees

Elizabeth, county in New York, named from the daughter of James I.

Elizabethgrad, 94

Elmina, Ar. the mine

Elphin, Ir. _Aill-finn_, the rock of the clear spring

Elsinore, 150

Elster R., the alder-tree stream

Elstow, 183

Elvas, anc. _Alba_, Basque, the place on the steep hill, _alboa_

Ely, 71

Emden, 69

Empoli, corrupt. from the Lat. _emporium_, the market-place

Enkhuizen, 75

Ennis, 111

Enniskillen, 111

Eperies, Hung. the place of strawberries

Eperney, anc. _aquæ-perennes_, the ever-flowing water

Epinal, 177

Epping, 110

Epsom, 99

Erekli, anc. _Heraclea_

Erfurt, 83

Erith, 105

Erivan, Pers. _Rewan_, named after its founder

Erlangen, 75

Erlaw, 75

Errigal, Ir. _Airegal_, a small church

Erzeroom, corrupt. from _Arz-er-Room_, the fortress of the Romans

Eschwege, ash-tree road

Eschweiller, 6

ESGAIR--_v._ SKAFR, 175

Esk R., 198

Essek or Ossick, 211

Essex, 151

Estepa, 12

Estepona, 12

Esthonia, the district of the people of the East

Estremadura, Lat. _Estrema-Durii_, the extreme limits of the R.
Douro

Etna, corrupt. from _attuna_, the furnace

Eton, 71

Eubœa, the well-tilled land

Euho or Yuho R., 105

Euphrates R., the fruitful, Ar. _Furat_, sweet water

Europe, Grk. _euros_ and _ops_, the broad
face

Euxine, Grk. the hospitable, formerly _axinos_ the inhospitable sea

Evesham, 76

Evora, the ford, in Spain

Evreux, 9

Exeter, 44

F

Faenza, Lat. _Faventia_, the favoured

Fair Head and Fair Island, from _farr_, Scand. a sheep

Falaise, 78

Falkirk, 116

Famars, 77

Fano, 76

Fareham, 76

Farnham, 79

Faroe Islands, 71

Faulhorn, 108

Fazal, the beech-tree island, in the Azores

Femern, 11

Fermanagh, Ir. the men of Monagh

Fermoy, the men of the plain

Fernando Po, named after the discoverer

Ferney, 77

Ferns, 77

Ferrara, 84

Ferriby, 76

Ferrol, Span. _farol_, the beacon

Fetlar Isle, 72

Fez, Ar. fertile

Fife, said to be named from Feb, a Pictish chief

Figueras, Span. the fig-trees

Finisterre, Cape, and district, 190

Finster-Aar-horn, 107

Fintray and Fintry, 196

Fishguard, 87

Fiume, 81

Flamborough Head, anc. _Fleamburgh_, the flame hill or beacon
hill

Flèche, La, named from the lofty spire of the church of St. Thomas

Fleetwood, 81

Flintshire, supposed to have derived its name from the abundance of
quartz in the country

Flisk, the moist place, Gael. _fleasg_

Florence, Lat. _Florentia_, the flourishing

Florida, called by the Spaniards _Pascua-Florida_ because
discovered on Easter Sunday

Flushing, 81

Fochabers, Gael. _Faichaber_, the plain of the confluence, but
more anciently _Beulath_, the mouth of the ford

Foldvar, 81

Folkstone, the people’s fortress, Lat. _Lapis-populi_

Fondi, 81

Fontenay, 81

Fontenoy, 81

Fordyce, the south pasture

Forfar, supposed to have been named from a tribe, the _Forestii_

Forli, 83

Formentara, abounding in grain

Formosa, Span. the beautiful

Forth R., Scot. _Froch_, and Welsh _Werid_

Fossano, 81

Frankenstein, 181

Frankfort, 83

Frankfürt, 83

Fraubrunnen, 32

Frederickshald, 98

Freiburg, 84

Friesland, 122

Frische Haff, 97

Friuli, 84

Fuentarrabia, 82

Fühnen Isle or Odensey, 71

Fulham, 100

Funchal, a place abounding in _funcho_, Port. fennel

Fürth, 83

G

Gainsborough, the town of the _Ganii_, a tribe

Galapago Isles, Span. the islands of the water tortoises

Galashiels, 170

Galatia, 108

Galicia, 108

Galilee, Heb. a district

Galle, Point de, Cingalese, the rock promontory, _galle_

Galway, named from _Gaillimh_, rocky river, 86

Ganges R., 86

Garioch, 86

Garonne R., 86

Gateshead, 40

Gaza, Ar. a treasury

Gebirge--_v._ BERG, 24

Genappe, 89

Geneva, 89

Genoa, 90

Georgia, named after George III.

Ghauts Mountains, 88

Ghent, 89

Giant’s Causeway, 49

Gibraltar, 89

Giessbach, the rushing brook

Girgeh, St. George’s town, on the Nile

Girvan R., the short stream

Giurgevo, St. George’s town

Glamorgan, Welsh _Morganwg_, _i.e._ Gwlad-Morgan, the
territory of Morgan-Mawr, its king in the tenth century, 143

Glarus, corrupt. from _St. Hilarius_, to whom the church was
dedicated

Glogau, 92

Gloucester, 44

Gmünd, 89

Goat Fell, 78

Godalming, Godhelm’s meadow, in Surrey

Goes or Ter-Goes, at the R. Gosa

Gollnitz and Gollnow, 92

Goole, 86

Goritz, 93

Gorlitz, 93

Goslar, 122

Göttingen, a patronymic

Gouda, on the R. Gouwe

Gower, Welsh _Gwyr_, a peninsula in Wales, sloping west from
Swansea--it may signify the land of the sunset

Grabow, 93

Gradentz, 94

Gran, on the R. Gran

Grasmere, the lake of swine

Gratz, 94

Gravelines, 93

Gravesend, 93

Greenland, 95

Greenlaw, 123

Greenock, 94

Greenwich, 209

Grenoble, 158

Gretna Green, 102

Grisnez, Cape, gray cape, 145

Grisons, Ger. _Graubünden_, the gray league, so called from
the dress worn by the Unionists in 1424

Grodno, 94

Grongar--_v._ CAER, 38

Gröningen, a patronymic

Grossenhain, 97

Guadalquivir, 95

Guadiana, 95

Güben, Sclav. dove town

Gueret, Fr. land for tillage

Guienne, corrupt. from _Aquitania_

Gustrow, Sclav. guest town

Gwasanau, corrupt. from _Hosannah_, a place in North Wales. The
name was given in allusion to the _Victoria-Alleluiatica_, fought
on the spot in 420, between the Britons, headed by the Germans,
and the Picts and Scots

H

Haarlem, 96

Hadersleben, 124

Haemus Mountain, 18

Hague, The, 97

Haguenau, 97

Hainan, Chinese, south of the sea, corrupt. from _Hai Lam_

Hainault, 88

Halicarnassus, Grk. _Halikarnassos_, sea horn place

Halifax, 103

Halifax, Nova Scotia, named for the Earl of Halifax

Hall and Halle, 98

Hamburg, 97

Hameln, 99

Hammerfest, 100

Hampstead, 98

Hankau or Hankow, the mouth of commerce, a city in China

Hanover, 150

Harbottle, 27

Harrogate, 88

Hartlepool, 158

Hartz Mountains, 101

Harwich, 100

Haselt, 101

Hastings, A.S. _Haestinga-ceaster_, the camp of Hastings, a
Danish pirate

Havana, the harbour

Havre, Le, 97

Hawarden, Welsh, upon the hill

Hawes, 97

Heboken, Ind. the smoked pipe, the spot in New Jersey at which the
English settlers smoked the pipe of peace with the Indian chiefs

Hechingen, a patronymic.

Hedjas, the land of pilgrimage

Heidelberg, 24

Heilbron, 32

Heiligenstadt, 103

Heligoland, 103

Helvellyn, if Celtic, perhaps _El-velin_, the hill of Baal

Hems, probably named from _Hms_, the Egyptian name of Isis

Henly, Cym.-Cel. old place

Herat, anc. _Aria-Civitas_, the town on the Arius, now the R. Heri

Hereford, 82

Hermon, the lofty peak

Herstal, 180

Hesse, named from the _Catti_ or _Chatti_

Himalaya Mountains, 123

Hinckley, the horse’s meadow

Hindostan, 181

Hindu Koosh Mountains, _i.e._ the Indian Caucasus

Hinojosa, Span. the place of fennel

Hirschberg, 105

Hitchen, 100

Hoang Ho, 105

Hobart Town, named after one of the first settlers

Hohenlinden, 106

Holland, 106

Holstein, 174

Holt, 107

Holyhead, 103

Holy Island, 103

Holywell, 103

Holywood, 103

Homburg, 105

Honduras, Span. deep water

Hong Kong, the place of fragrant streams

Hoorn, 107

Hor, the mountain

Horeb, the desert

Horn, Cape, 107

Horncastle, 107

Horsham, 99

Howden, 102

Howth Head, 102

Hudson R., named after Henry Hudson, who ascended the river A.D.
1607

Huelva, Basque _Onoba_, at the foot of the hill; and Ar.
_Wuebban_, corrupt. to Huelva

Huesca, anc. _Osca_, the town of the Basques or Euscs

Hull, 117

Hungary, Ger. _Ungarn_, the country of the Huns; Hung.
_Magyar-Orzag_, the country of the Magyars

Huntingdon, hunter’s hill, or a patronymic

Hurdwar, 70

Huron, Lake, from a tribe

Hurryhur, named from the goddess Hari or Vishnu

Hurst, 101

Hythe, 105

I

Ilfracombe, 54

Illinois, named after the tribe _Illini_, _i.e._ the men; and
_ois_, a tribe

Imaus, the snowy mountain

Inch--_v._ INNIS, 111

Ingleborough Mountain, 24

Inkermann, Turc. the place of caverns

Innerleithen, 112

Innsbrück, at the bridge, on the R. Inn

Interlachen, 119

Inverness, 112

Iona or I, 108

Iowa, the drowsy ones, a tribe name, U.S.

Ipswich, 209

Ireland or Ierne, 108

Irkutsk, 176

Irrawädi, the great river

Iscanderoon, named after Alexander the Great

Iserlohn, 130

Isla, in the Hebrides, named after Yula, a Danish princess who was
buried there

Ispahan, Pers. the place of horses

Issoire, 70

Issoudun, 69

Ithaca, the strait or steep

J

Jabalon R., 112

Jaffa or Joppa, Semitic, beauty

Jamaica, corrupt. from _Xaymaca_, the land of wood and water

Jamboli, Sclav. the city in the hollow

Janina, Sclav. John’s town

Jaroslav, named after its founder

Jassy, Sclav. the marshy place

Jauer, 113

Java, 65

Jersey, 71

Jersey, in U.S., so named by Sir George Carteret, who had come from
the Island of Jersey

Jerusalem, Semitic, the abode of peace

Joinville, 201

Joppa--_v._ Jaffa, the beautiful

Jouare, anc. _Ara-Jovis_, the altar of Jove

Juggernaut, or more correctly _Jagganatha_, the Lord of the
world--_jacat_, Sansc. the world, and _natha_, Lord

Juliers, 109

Jumna R., named after Yamuna, a goddess

Jungfrau Mountain, Ger. the maiden or the fair one, so called from
its spotless white

Jura Isle, Scand. _Deor-oe_, deer island

Jüterbogk, named for the Sclav. god of spring

Jutland, named from the Jutes

K

Kaffraria, Ar. the land of the _Kafirs_ or unbelievers

Kaisarizeh, the mod. name of anc. _Cæsarea_

Kaiserlautern, 113

Kalgan, Tartar, the gate, a town in China

Kampen, 35

Kandy, splendour

Kansas, a tribe name

Karlsbad, 16

Keith, Gael. the cloudy, from _ceath_, a cloud or mist

Kel and Kil--_v._ COILL or CILL

Kells, 48

Kelso, 38

Kempen, 40

Ken--_v._ CEANN

Kendal, 60

Kenmare, 46

Kensington, the town of the _Kensings_

Kent, 45

Kentucky, the dark and bloody ground

Kerry Co., Ir. _Ciarraidhe_, the district of the race of Ciar

Kettering, a patronymic

Kew, 107

Khartoum, the promontory

Khelat, 114

Kin--_v._ CEANN

Kinghorn, 45

Kingsclere, 5

King’s Co., named after Philip II. of Spain

Kingston, 147

Kingussie, 45

Kirkillisia, the forty churches in Turkey

Kirkintilloch, 38

Kirkwall, 115

Kishon R., _i.e._ the tortuous stream

Kissengen, a patronymic

Klagenfurt, 84

Knock--_v._ CNOC

Königgratz, the king’s fortress

Kordofan, the white land

Koros R., Hung, the red river

Koslin, 118

Kothendorf, 47

Kralowitz, 118

Kraszna R., beautiful river

Kremenetz, 118

Kremnitz, 118

Krishna or Kistna R., the black stream, in India

Kronstadt, 118

Kulm, 47

Kyle--_v._ CAOL

L

La Hogue, Cape, 102

Laaland Isle, 119

Labuan Isle, Malay, the anchorage

Laccadives, 65

Laconia, 120

Ladrone Isles, Span. the islands of thieves

Lagnieu, 120

Lagos, 120

Laguna, 120

Lahr, 123

Lambeth, 105

Lambride, 121

Lamlash, 120

Lampeter, 121

Lamsaki, anc. _Lampsacus_, the passage

Lanark, 121

Land’s End--_v._ PEN

Landerneau, 121

Langres, anc. _Langone_, named from the _Lingones_, a tribe

Languedoc, named from the use of the word _oc_, for _yes_,
in their language, _i.e._ Langue-d’oc

Lannion, 121

Laon, 130

Larbert, named from a man of this name

Largo, 124

Largs, 124

Larissa, named after a daughter of Pelasgus

Lassa, the land of the Divine intelligence, the capital of Thibet

Latakia, corrupt. from anc. _Laodicea_

Latheron, 103

Lauder, named from the R. Leader

Lauffen, 123

Launceston, 121

Laval, anc. _Vallis-Guidonis_, the valley of Guido

Lawrence R., so named because discovered on St. Laurence’s Day,
1535

Laybach or Laubach, 15

Leam R., 125

Leamington, 125

Lebanon Mountain, 89

Leeds, 125

Leibnitz, 124

Leighlin, 91

Leighton-Buzzard, 21

Leinster, 183

Leipzig, 128

Leith, named from the river at whose mouth it stands

Leitrim, 67

Lemberg, 24

Leobschütz, the place of the _Leubuzi_, a Sclavonic tribe

Leominster, 130

Leon, anc. _Legio_, the station of the 7th Roman Legion

Lepanto, Gulf of, corrupt. from _Naupactus_, Grk. the ship station

Lerida, anc. _Llerda_, Basque, the town

Lesmahago, 128

Letterkenny, 125

Leuchars, the marshy land

Levant, Lat. the place of the sun-rising, as seen from Italy

Leven R., 124

Lewes, _Les ewes_, the waters

Lewis Island, Scand. _Lyodhuus_, the wharf

Leyden, 69

Liberia, the country of the free, colonised by emancipated slaves

Lichfield, 77

Lidkioping, 47

Liège, 125

Liegnitz, 130

Lifford, 25

Ligny, a patronymic

Lille, 111

Lilybaeum, Phœn. opposite Libya

Lima, corrupt. from _Rimæ_, the name of the river on which it
stands and of a famous idol

Limbourg, 126

Limerick, corrupt. from _Lomnech_, a barren spot; _lom_, bare

Limoges, anc. _Lemovicum_, the dwelling of the Lemovici

Linares, Span. flax fields

Lincoln, 53

Lindesnaes, 126

Lindores, in Fife, probably a corruption of _Lann-Tours_, being
the seat of an anc. Abbey of Tours, founded by David, Earl of
Huntingdon

Linkioping, 47

Linlithgow, 127

Lisbellaw, 128

Lisbon, 104

Lisieux, in France, Lat. _Noviomagus_, the new field,
subsequently named from the Lexovii

Liskeard, 128

Lissa, 125

Liverpool, 158

Livno, Livny, Livonia, named from the _Liefs_, a Ugrian tribe

Llanerch-y-medd, the place of honey, in Wales

Llanos, Span. the level plains

Lochaber, 3

Lockerby, 37

Lodi, anc. _Laus-Pompeii_

Logie, 120

Lombardy, the country of the _Longobardi_, so called from a
kind of weapon which they used

London, 64

Londonderry, 61

Longford, 83

Longniddrie--_v._ LLAN, 122

Loop Head, 123

Lorca, 109

Loretto, named from Lauretta, a lady who gave the site for a chapel
at that place

L’Orient, so named from an establishment of the East India Company
at the place in 1666

Lorn, Gael. _Labhrin_, named after one of the Irish colonists
from Dalriada

Lossie R., 1

Loughill, Ir. _Leamchoil_, the elm-wood

Louisiana, named after Louis XIV. of France

Louisville, 201

Louth, in Lincoln, named from the R. Ludd

Louth Co., Ir. _Lugh Magh_, the field of Lugh

Louvain, Ger. _Löwen_, the lion, named after a person called
Leo

Lowestoft, 192

Lubeck, 128

Luben, 128

Lublin, 128

Lucca, anc. _Luca_--_v._ LUCUS

Lucena, Basque _Lucea_, the long town

Lucerne, named from a lighthouse or beacon, _lucerna_,
formerly placed on a tower in the middle of the R. Rheus

Lucknow, corrupt. from the native name _Laksneanauti_,
the fortunate

Ludlow, 123

Ludwigslust, 131

Lugano, 119

Lugo, 130

Lugos, 130

Lund, 131

Lurgan, Ir. the low ridge

Luxembourg, 131

Luxor, corrupt. from _El-Kasur_, the palaces

Lycus R., Grk. _leukos_

Lyme, in Kent, anc. _Kainos-limen_, Grk. the new haven

Lyme-Regis, on the R. Lyme

Lyons, 69

M

Macao, in China, where there was a temple sacred to an idol named
Ama. The Portuguese made it _Amagoa_, the bay of Ama,
corrupted first to Amacao and then to Macao

Madeira, Port. the woody island

Madras, 153

Madrid, anc. _Majerit_, origin unknown, but perhaps from
_Madarat_, Ar. a city

Maelawr, from _mael_, Welsh, mart, and _lawr_, ground, a
general name for places in Wales where trade could be carried on
without any hindrance from diversity of races.--James’s _Welsh
Names of Places_

Maestricht, 66

Magdala, Semitic, a watch-tower in Abyssinia

Magdala, in Saxe-Weimar, on the R. Midgel

Magor, corrupt. from _Magwyr_, Welsh, a ruin, the name of a
railway station near Chepstow

Maidenhead, 105

Maidstone, 181

Main R., 132

Maine, in France, named from the _Cenomani_

Mainland, 132

Malabar Coast, or _Malaywar_, the hilly country

Malacca, named from the tree called Malacca

Malaga, Phœn. _malac_, salt, named from its trade in salt

Malakoff, named after a sailor of that name who established a
public-house there

Maldives Islands, 65

Maldon, 69

Mallow, 132

Malpas, Fr. the difficult pass

Malta, Phœn. _Melita_, a place of refuge

Malvern, 139

Mancha, La, Span. a spot of ground covered with weeds

Manchester, 44

Manfredonia, named after Manfred, King of Naples, by whom it was
built

Mangalore, named after an Indian deity

Mangerton Mountain, in Ireland, corrupt. from _Mangartach_,
_i.e._ the mountain covered with _mang_, a long
hairlike grass

Mans, Le, named after the _Cenomani_

Mansorah, in Egypt, the victorious

Mantinea, Grk. the place of the prophet or oracle, _mantis_

Mantua, 133

Manzanares, Span. the apple-tree orchard

Maracaybo, 143

Maranao, Span. a place overgrown with weeds

Marathon, a place abounding in fennel, _marathos_

Marazion, 84

Marburg, 134

March, 134

Marchena, the marshy land

Marengo, 136

Margarita, the island of pearls

Margate, 88

Marienwerder, 205

Marlow, Great, 136

Marmora, Sea of, named from an adjacent island, celebrated for its
marble, _marmor_

Marnoch, Co. Banff, named from St. Marnoch

Maros R., 136

Maros-Vasarhely, 103

Marquesas Isles, named after Marquis Mendoza, Viceroy of Peru, who
originated the voyage through which they were discovered

Marsala, 135

Maryland, named after the queen of Charles I.

Mathern, corrupt. from _Merthyr_, the martyr, the name of a
church near Chepstow, built in memory of Fewdrig, King of Gwent,
who died on its site as he was returning wounded from a battle
against the Saxons

Mathravel, the land of apples, one of the ancient provinces into
which Wales was divided

Matlock, 130

Mauritius, discovered by the Portuguese in 1505, visited by the
Dutch in 1596, who named it after Prince Maurice of the
Netherlands. From 1713 till 1810 it belonged to the French, who
called it Isle of France

May Island, 132

Maynooth, 132

Mayo, the plain of yew-trees

Mazzara, Phœn. the castle

Mazzarino, the little castle

Mearns, corrupt. from _Maghgkerkkin_, the plain of Kerkin

Meaux, named from the _Meldi_

Mecklenburg, 137

Medellin, named after its founder, Metellus, the Roman consul

Medina, 135

Mediterranean Sea, 138

Meiningen, 132

Meissen, on the R. Meissa

Melbourne, named after Lord Melbourne in 1837

Meldrum, 67

Melrose, 139

Melun, 69

Memmingen, a patronymic

Memphis or Memphe, _i.e._ _Ma-m-Phthah_, the place of the
Egyptian god Phthah

Menai Strait, anc. _Sruth-monena_

Menam, the mother of waters, a river of Siam

Mendip Hills, _i.e._ _mune-duppe_, rich in mines

Mentone, It. the chin, on a point of lead

Merida, Lat. _Augusta Emerita_, the town of the _emeriti_
or veterans, founded by Emperor Augustus

Merioneth, named after Merion, a British saint

Merthyr-Tydvil, named after the daughter of an ancient British king

Meseritz, 138

Meshed, Ar. the mosque

Mesolonghi or Missolonghi, 119

Mesopotamia, 138

Metz, named from the _Meomatrici_, a tribe

Michigan Lake, Ind. great lake, or the weir, or fish-trap, from its
shape

Middelburg, 138

Midhurst, 138

Miklos, 137

Milan, 115

Milton, 144

Minnesota R., the sky-coloured water

Miramichi, Ind. happy retreat

Mirgorod, 138

Mississippi R., Ind. the father of waters

Missouri, Ind. the muddy stream

Mitrovicz or Mitrovitz, 152

Mittau, named from _Mita_, a Sclav. deity

Modena, Lat. _Mutina_, the fortified place

Moffat, the foot of the moss

Mogadore, named after a saint whose tomb is on an island off the
coast

Moguer, Ar. the caves

Mohawk R., named from a tribe

Moidart or Moydart, 132

Mola, It. the mound, anc. _Turres-Juliani_, the town of Julian

Mold, 142

Monaghan, Ir. _Muneachain_, a place abounding in little hills

Monaster, 138

Monasterevin, 138

Monda, 142

Mondego, 142

Monena, the river or sea of Mona

Monmouth, at the mouth of the Mynwy, _i.e._ the border river,
from which it took its ancient name

Montgomery, 142

Montrose, 168

Moravia, 136

Morayshire, 119

Morbihan, 119

Morecambe Bay, 39

Morocco, the country of the Moors, 22

Morpeth, 143

Morven, 143

Morvern, 143

Moscow, 142

Moulins, 141

Mourne Mountains, 142

Moy, Moyne, 132

Muhlhausen, 141

Mull Island, 145

Münden, 140

Munich, 140

Munster, in Germany, 138

Munster, in Ireland, 138

Murcia, 134

Murviedro, 145

Muscat or Meschid, Ar. the tomb of a saint

Muthil, 143

Mysore, corrupt. from _Mahesh-Asura_, the name of a
buffalo-headed monster, said to have been destroyed by the
goddess Kali

N

Naas, Ir. a fair or place of meeting

Nablous, 158

Nagore, _na-gara_, Sansc. a city

Nagpore, 160

Nagy-Banja, 18

Nagy-Koros, 146

Nairn, on the R. Nairn, anc. _Ainear-nan_, east-flowing river

Nancy, 146

Nankin, Chinese, the southern capital

Nantes, 146

Nantwich, 146

Naples, 158

Narbonne, named from the _Narbonenses_

Naseby, the town on the cape

Nashville, named from Colonel Nash

Nassau, 146

Natal, Colony, so named because discovered on Christmas Day,
_Dies-natalis_, by Vasco de Gama in 1498

Natchez, a tribe name

Naumburg, 148

Naupactus, the place of ships

Nauplia, a sea-port, from the Grk. _naus_, a ship, and
_pleos_, full

Navan, Ir. _n’Eamhain_, literally the neck brooch, so named
from a legend connected with the foundation of an ancient palace
there

Navarre, 147

Naxos, the floating island

Naze, Cape, 145

Nebraska, Ind. the shallow river

Nedjed, Ar. the elevated country

Negropont, 159

Neilgherry Hills, 90

Nemours, the place of the sacred grove, _nemus_

Nenagh, 74

Ness, Loch and R., 73

Neston, 73

Netherlands, 147

Neusatz, 148

Neusohl, 148

Neuwied, 148

Nevada Mountains--_v._ SIERRA, 175

Nevers, anc. _Nivernum_ and _Noviodunum_, the new fort or the R.
Nièvre

Neviansk, on the R. Neva

Newark, 206

Newcastle, 43

Newport, 156

New Ross, 167

Newry, Ir. _Iubhar-cinn-tragha_, the yew-tree at the head of
the strand

New York, named after the Duke of York, brother of Charles II.

Niagara, corrupt. from _Oni-aw-ga-rah_, the thunder of waters

Nicastro, new camp

Nicopoli, 158

Nijni Novgorod, 148

Nile R., native name _Sihor_, the blue, called by the Jews
Nile, the stream

Nimeguen, 133

Nimes or Nismes, 147

Ningpo, the repose of the waves

Niphon Mount, the source of light

Nippissing, a tribe name

Nogent, 149

Noirmoutier, 138

Nola, 148

Nombre-de-dios, the name of God, a city of Mexico

Nörrkoping, 47

Northumberland, 149

Norway, 149

Nova Scotia, so named in concession to Sir William Alexander, a
Scotsman, who settled there in the reign of James II. It was
named _Markland_ by its Norse discoverer, Eric the Red

Nova Zembla, 148

Noyon, anc. _Noviodunum_, the new fort

Nubia, Coptic, the land of gold

Nuneaton, the nun’s town, on the R. Ea, in Warwickshire, the seat
of an ancient priory

Nurnberg, 24

Nyassa and Nyanza, the water

Nyborg, 148

Nyköping or Nykobing, 47

Nystadt, 148

O

Oakham, 5

Oban, Gael. the little bay

Ochill Hills, 198

Ochiltree, 198

Odensee, 71

Oeta Mount, sheep mountain

Ofen or Buda, 33

Ohio, beautiful river, called by the French _La Belle rivière_

Oldenburg, 7

Olekminsk, 176

Olympus Mountain, the shining

Omagh, _Omeha_, named from a tribe

Omsk, 176

Oosterhout, 107

Oporto, 156

Oppeln, the town on the R. Oppo

Oppido, Lat. _Oppidum_

Orange, anc. _Arausione_, the town on the R. Araise

Orange R. and Republic, named after Maurice, Prince of Orange

Oregon R., from the Span. _organa_, wild marjoram

Orellana R., named from its discoverer

Orissa, named from a tribe

Orkney Islands, 111

Orleans, corrupt. from _Aurelianum_, named after the Emperor
Aurelian

Orme’s Head, Norse _ormr_, a serpent, from its shape

Ormskirk, 125

Orvieto, 199

Osborne, named after the Fitz-Osborne family

Oschatz, Sclav. _Osada_, the colony

Osimo, 199

Osnabrück, 31

Ossa Mountain, Grk. the watch-tower

Ostend, 74

Ostia, Lat. the place at the river’s mouth, _Os_

Oswestry, 57

Othrys, the mountain with the overhanging brow, Grk. _othrus_

Otranto, anc. _Hydruntum_, a place almost surrounded by water,
_ùdor_, Grk.

Ottawa, a tribe name

Ottawa R., a tribe name

Oudenarde, 7

Oudh or Awadh, corrupt. from _Ayodha_, the invincible

Oulart, corrupt. from _Abhalgort_, Ir. apple field

Oundle, 60

Ouro-preto, 160

Ouse R., 198

Overyssel R., 150

Oviedo is said to have derived this name from the Rivers Ove and
Divo. Its Latin name was _Lucus-Asturum_, the grove of the
Asturians

Owyhee, the hot place

P

Paderborn, 32

Padstow, 183

Paestum, anc. _Poseidonia_, the city of Poseidon or Neptune

Palamcotta, 55

Palermo, corrupt. from _Panormus_, Grk. the spacious harbour

Palestine, the land of the Philistines, _strangers_; from
Crete, who occupied merely a strip of the country on the coast,
and yet gave their own name to the whole land

Palma, the palm-tree

Palmas, Lat. the palm-trees

Palmyra or Tadmor, the city of palms

Pampeluna or Pamplona, 158

Panama Bay, the bay of mud fish

Panjab or Punjaub, 2

Paraguay, 153

Parahyba, 153

Paramaribo, 144

Parapamisan Mountains, the flat-topped hills

Parchim, 153

Paris, 130

Parsonstown, named for Sir William Parsons, who received a grant of
the land on which the town stands, with the adjoining estate,
from James II. in 1670

Passau, 44

Patagonia, so called from the clumsy shoes of its native
inhabitants

Patna, 153

Paunton, 159

Pays de Vaud, 200

Peebles, anc. _Peblis_, Cym.-Cel. the tents or sheds

Peel, 153

Peiho R., 105

Pe-king, Chinese, the northern capital

Pe-ling Mountains, the northern mountains

Pelion, the clayey mountains, _pelos_, Grk. clay

Pella, the stony

Pembroke, 30

Penicuik, 154

Pennsylvania, named after William Penn, whose son had obtained a
grant of forest land in compensation for £16,000 which the king
owed to his father

Pentland Hills, corrupt. from the Pictsland Hills

Penzance, 154

Perekop, the rampart

Perigord, named from the _Petrocorii_

Perm, anc. _Biarmaland_, the country of the Biarmi

Pernambuco, the mouth of hell, so called from the violent surf at
the mouth of its harbour

Pernau, 126

Pershore, 130

Perth, 19

Perthddu, Welsh, the black brake or brushwood, in Wales

Perugia, 152

Peshawur, the advanced fortress

Pesth, 150

Peterhead, 112

Peterwarden, the fortress of Peter the Hermit

Petra, the stony

Petropaulovski, the port of Peter and Paul

Pforzheim, 135

Philadelphia, the town of brotherly love, in America

Philippi, named after Philip of Macedon

Philippine Isles, named after Philip II. of Spain

Philipstown, in Ireland, named after Philip, the husband of Queen
Mary

Phocis, the place of seals

Phœnice, either the place of palms or the Phœnician settlement

Phœnix Park, in Dublin, 80

Piedmont, the foot of the mountain

Pietermaritzburg, named after two Boer leaders

Pillau, 153

Pisgah Mountain, the height

Pittenweem, 157

Pittsburg, named after William Pitt

Placentia, Lat. the pleasant place

Plassy, named from a grove of a certain kind of tree

Plattensee or Balaton, 173

Plenlimmon Mountain, Welsh, the mountain with five peaks

Plock, or Plotsk, 26

Ploermel, 157

Podgoricza, 157

Poictiers, named from the _Pictones_

Poland, Sclav. the level land

Polynesia, 112

Pomerania, 143

Pondicherri, Tamil, the new village

Pontoise, 159

Poole, 158

Popocatepetl Mountain, the smoking mountain

Portrush, 168

Portugal, 156

Potenza, Lat. _Potentia_, the powerful

Potsdam, 157

Powys, the name of an ancient district in North Wales, signifying a
place of rest

Pozoblanco, 161

Prague, Sclav. _Prako_, the threshold

Prato-Vecchio, 160

Prenzlow, the town of Pribislav, a personal name

Presburg or Brezisburg, the town of Brazilaus

Prescot, 55

Presteign and Preston, 194

Privas, anc. _Privatium Castra_, the fortress not belonging to
the state, but private property

Prossnitz, on the R. Prosna

Providence, in U.S., so named by Roger Williams, who was persecuted
by the Puritan settlers in Massachusetts because he preached
toleration in religion, and was obliged to take refuge at that
place, to which, in gratitude to God, he gave this name

Prussia, the country of the _Pruezi_

Puebla, Span. a town or village

Puebla-de-los-Angelos, the town of the angels, so called from its
fine climate

Puenta-de-la-Reyna, 159

Puerto, the harbour

Pulo-Penang, 161

Puozzuoli, 161

Puy-de-dome, 156

Pwlhelli, 159

Pyrenees Mountains, named either from the Basque _pyrge_, high,
or from the Celtic _pyr_, a fir-tree

Pyrmont, 142

Q

Quang-se, the western province, in China

Quang-tung, the eastern province

Quatre-Bras, Fr. the four arms, _i.e._ at the meeting of four
roads

Quebec, in Canada, named after Quebec in Brittany, the village on
the point

Queensberry, 24

Queen’s County, named after Queen Mary

Queensferry, 76

Queensland and Queenstown, named after Queen Victoria

Quimper, 53

Quimper-lé, 53

Quita, the deep ravine

R

Radnorshire, 165

Radom and Radomka, named after the Sclav. deity Ratzi

Rajputana, 163

Ramgunga, 86

Ramnaggur, ram’s fort

Ramsgate, 88

Randers, 162

Raphoe, 163

Rapidan R., named after Queen Anne

Rappahannock R., Ind. the river of quick-rising waters

Rastadt, 163

Ratibor, 28

Ratisbon, Sclav. the fortress on the R. Regen, Ger. _Regena Castra_
or _Regensburg_

Ravenna, 79

Rayne, Gael. _raon_, a plain, a parish in Aberdeenshire

Reading, a patronymic

Redruth, in Cornwall, in old deeds, _Tre-Druith_, the dwelling
of the Druids

Reeth, on the stream, _rith_

Rega R., 164

Reichenbach, 15

Reichenhall, 98

Reigate, 88

Reims or Rheims, named for the _Remi_, a tribe

Remscheid, 171

Renaix, corrupt. from _Hrodnace_, the town of Hrodno

Renfrew, 162

Rennes, named from the _Rhedoni_, a tribe

Resht, Ar. headship

Resolven, Welsh _Rhiw_, Scotch _maen_, the brow of the
stonehead, in Glamorganshire

Reculver, in Kent, corrupt. from _Regoluion_, the point against the
waves

Retford, 166

Reutlingen, a patronymic

Revel, named from two small islands near the town, called _reffe_,
the sand-banks

Reykiavik or Reikiavik, 209

Rhine R. and Rhone R., 164

Rhode Island, 74

Rhodes and Rosas, in Spain, named from the _Rhodians_, a
Grecian tribe

Rhyddlan or Rhuddlan, Cym.-Cel. the red church

Rhyl, the cleft, a watering-place in North Wales

Rhymni, the marshy land, in Monmouthshire, on a river called the
Rhymni, from the nature of the land through which it flows--_v._
Romney, at EA, 71

Riga, 126

Ringwood, in Hants, the wood of the Regni

Rio-de-Janeiro, 164

Ripon, 167

Ritzbuttel, 27

Rive-de-Gier, 166

Rivoli, 166

Rochdale, the valley of the R. Roche

Rochefort, 167

Rochelle, 167

Rochester, 167

Roermonde, 140

Romania or Roumilli, 109

Romans, anc. _Romanum-Monasterium_, the monastery of the
Romans, founded by St. Bernard

Rome, perhaps named from the _groma_, or four cross roads
that at the forum formed the nucleus of the city

Romorantin, 166

Roncesvalles, 200

Roque, La, Cape, the rock

Roscommon, 167

Roscrea, 167

Rosetta, anc. Ar. _Rasched_, headship

Ross, in Hereford, 165

Rossbach, the horse’s brook

Ross-shire, 168

Rothenburg, 165

Rotherham, 165

Rotherthurm, 165

Rothesay, the isle of Rother, the ancient name of Bute

Rotterdam, 60

Rouen, 133

Rousillon, named from the ancient town of _Ruscino_, a Roman
colony

Roveredo, Lat. _Roboretum_, a place planted with oaks, in
Tyrol

Row, in Dumbartonshire, from _rubha_, Gael. a promontory
running into the sea

Roxburgh, 167

Ruabon, corrupt. from _Rhiw-Mabon-Sant_, the ascent of St.
Mabon, in North Wales

Rudgeley or Rugely, 166

Rugen, named from the Rugii

Runcorn, 45

Runnymede, 132

Rushbrook and Rushford, 167

Russia, named from the _Rossi_, a tribe of Norsemen in the ninth
century

Ruthin and Rhuddlan, 165

Rutland, 165

Rybinsk, 168

Ryde, 167

Ryswick, 168

S

Saale R., 169

Saarbrück, 31

Saar-Louis, 12

Sabor, 28

Sabor R., 28

Saffron Walden, 202

Sagan, Sclav. behind the road

Sahara, 176

Saida or Sidon, Semitic, fish town

Saintes, named from the _Santones_

Salamanca, 169

Salem, in U.S., intended by the Puritans to be a type of the New
Jerusalem

Salford, 169

Salins, 169

Salisbury, 35

Salonica, corrupt. from _Thessalonica_

Salop, contracted from _Sloppesbury_, the Norman corruption of
_Scrobbesbury_, the town among shrubs, now
Shrewsbury--_v._ 34

Saltcoats, 55

Salzburg, 169

Samarcand, said to have been named after Alexander the Great

Samaria, the town of Shemir

Samos, Phœn. the lofty

Sandwich, 209

Sangerhausen--_v._ SANG

Sanquhar, 172

San Salvador, the Holy Saviour, the first land descried by
Columbus, and therefore named by him from the Saviour, who had
guarded him in so many perils

San Sebastian, the first Spanish colony founded in South America

Santa Cruz, 57

Santa Fé, the city of the holy faith, founded by Queen Isabella
after the siege of Granada

Santander, named after St. Andrew

Saragossa, corrupt. from _Cæsarea Augusta_; its Basque name
was _Saluba_, the sheep’s ford

Sarawak, Malay _Sarakaw_, the cove

Sarnow, 212

Saskatchewan, swift current, a river in British North America

Saul, in Gloucester--_v._ SALH, 169

Saul, Co. Down--_v._ SABHALL, 168

Saumur, anc. _Salmurium_, the walled building

Saxony, 170

Scala-nova, 39

Scalloway, 170

Scarborough, 175

Scawfell Mountain, 78

Schaffhausen, 102

Schemnitz, 114

Schichallion Mountain, Gael. _Ti-chail-linn_, the maiden’s pap

Schleswick, 209

Schmalkalden, 171

Schotturen, the Scotch Vienna, a colony of Scottish monks having
settled there

Schreckhorn Mountain, 107

Schweidnitz, Sclav. the place of the cornel-tree

Schweinfurt, the ford of the Suevi

Schwerin, 172

Scilly Islands, the islands of the rock, _siglio_

Scinde, the country of the R. Indus or Sinde

Scratch meal Scar, in Cumberland--_v._ SKAER, 175

Scutari, in Albania, corrupt. from _Scodra_, hill town

Scutari, in Turkey, from _Uskudar_, Pers. a messenger, having
been in remote periods, what it is to this day, a station for
Asiatic couriers

Sebastopol, 158

Sedlitz, 174

Segovia, anc. _Segubia_, probably the plain on the river-bend;
_ce_, a plain, and _gubia_, a bend

Selby, 173

Selinga, 173

Semipalatinsk, 152

Senlis, 173

Sens, named from the _Senones_

Seringapatam, 153

Settle, 173

Seville, Phœn. _Sephala_, a marshy plain

Sevres, named from the two rivers which traverse it, anc. _Villa
Savara_

Shamo, Chinese, the desert

Shan--_v._ SEANN, 172

Shanghai, supreme court

Shansi, west of the mountain

Shantung, east of the mountain

Sherborne, 172

Shetland Islands, 104

Shields, 170

Shiraz, 174

Shirvan, said to have been named after Nieshirvan, a king of Persia

Shotover, corrupt. from _Chateauvert_, green castle

Shrewsbury--_v._ Salop

Sicily, named from the _Siculi_, a tribe

Sidlaw Hills, fairy hills--_v._ SIDH

Sidon--_v._ Saida, in Index.

Silesia, Sclav. _Zlezia_, the bad land

Silhet or Sirihat, the rich market

Silloth Bay, perhaps herring bay, _sil_, Norse, a herring, and
_lod_, a bundle of fishing lines

Sion or Sitten, 174

Sion, Mount, the upraised

Skagen, Cape, 176

Skager-rack, 176

Skaw Cape, 176

Skipton, 176

Skye Island, Gael. _Ealan-skianach_, the winged island

Slamanan, 177

Sligo, named from the R. _Sligeach_, shelly water

Sluys, 171

Slyne Head, 46

Snäfell Mountain, 78

Snaith, 177

Snowdon Mountain, 70

Socotra, 65

Soissons, named from the _Suessiones_

Sokoto, the market-place

Soleure, corrupt. from St. Ours or Ursinus, to whom the church was
dedicated

Solway Firth, according to Camden, was named from a small village
in Scotland called Solam

Somerset, 173

Sommariva, the summit of the bank

Somogy, Hung. the place of cornel-trees

Sophia, Grk. wisdom, dedicated to the second person of the Trinity

Sorbonne, named from Robert de Sorbonne, almoner of St. Louis

Söst or Soest, 174

Soudan--_v._ BELED

Southampton, 194

Southwark, 206

Souvigny, 173

Spa, 82

Spalatro, 152

Sparta, Grk. the sowed land or the place of scattered houses

Spires or Speyer, named from the R. Speyerbach

Spitzbergen, 156

Spurn Head, the look-out cape, from _spyrian_, to look out

St. Alban’s Head, corrupt. from St. Aldhelm’s Head

St. Andrews, so named from a tradition that the bones of St. Andrew
were brought to that place by St. Regulus: formerly called
_Mucros_, the boar’s headland, and then Kilrymont, the church
or cell of the king’s mount

St. Cloud for St. Hloddwald

St. David’s, in Wales, Welsh _Ty-Ddewi_--_v._ TY

St. Heliers for St. Hilarius

St. Omer for St. Awdomar

Stadel, etc., 179

Staffa, 180

Staines, 181

Stamboul, 158

Stanislaus, named after Stanislaus of Poland

Stantz, 181

Stargard, 182

Starodub, 182

Startpoint, 182

Stavropol, 158

Stellenbosch, 36

Stepney, 105

Stetten, Sclav. _Zytyn_, the place of green corn

Stirling, Cym.-Cel. _Ystrevelyn_, the town of the Easterlings,
from Flanders

Stockholm, 106

Stockport, 184

Stockton, 184

Stoke, 183

Stolpe, 184

Stonehaven, 97

Stow-market, 183

Stradbally, 184

Stralsund, 185

Strasbourg, 184

Strehlitz, 184

Striegau or Cziska, Sclav. the place on the small stream, _tschuga_

Stulweissenburg--_v._ FEHER

Stuttgard, 87

Styria or Steyermark, the boundary of the R. Steyer

Sudetic Mountains, 185

Suez, the mouth or opening

Suffolk, 185

Sumatra, corrupt. from _Trimatra_, the happy

Sunderbunds, corrupt. from _Sundari-vana_, so called from the
forest, _vana_, of _Sundari_-trees

Sunderland, 186

Surat, _i.e._ _Su-rashta_, the good country

Surrey, 164

Susa, a city of ancient Persia, so called from the _lilies_ in
its neighbourhood; _susa_, a lily

Sussex, 170

Sutherlandshire, 185

Sviatoi-nos, 146

Swan R., so named from the number of black swans seen by the first
discoverer

Swansea, 71

Sweden, 164

Sydney, named after a governor of the colony

Syria--_v._ BELED, 20

Szent-kercsyt, 186

Szentes, for saint, 186

T

Tabriz, anc. _Taurus_, the mountain town

Tagus or Tejo R., Phœn. the fish river

Tain, 190

Takhtapul, the throne city, the seat of the Turkish Afghan
government

Takht-i-Soliman, the throne of Solomon, being the highest of the
Solomon Mountains

Talavera, 29

Tamsai, fresh water town, in China

Tananarivo, the city of one thousand towns, the capital of
Madagascar

Tanderagee, Ir. _Ton-legœith_, the place with its back to the
wind

Tanjier, Phœn. the city protected by God

Tanjore, corrupt. from _Tanjavur_, derived from its ancient
name _Tanja-Nagaram_, the city of refuge

Tarazona, 199

Tarifa, named after a Moorish chief

Tarnopol, 187

Tarporley, 126

Tarragona, anc. _Tarraco_, Phœn. _Tarchon_, the citadel
or palace

Tarsus, Phœn. the strong place

Tasmania, named after Abel Tasman, who discovered it in 1642. It
was called Van Diemen’s Land in honour of the Governor-General of
the Dutch East India Company

Taurus Mountain, 196

Tavistock, 184

Tay R., 187

Tcherniz, 212

Teflis, 189

Teltown, Ir. _Tailten_, where Taillte, the daughter of the
King of Spain, was buried

Temeswar, Hung. the fortress on the R. Temes

Temisconata, the wonder of water, a county and lake in Canada

Temple, a parish in Mid-Lothian, where there was an establishment
for the Templars or Red Friars, founded by David I.

Tennessee R., the spoon-shaped river, so called from its curve

Tenterden, 62

Teramo, 14

Terni, 14

Terranova, 189

Texas, Ind. hunting ground

Tezcuco, Mexican, the place of detention

Thames R., 187

Thannheim, 187

Thapsus, the passage

Thaxsted, 180

Thebes, in Egypt, _Taba_, the capital

Thermia, Grk. the place of warm springs, in Sicily

Thermopylæ, the defile of the warm springs

Thian-shan, Chinese, the celestial mountains

Thian-shan-nan-loo, the country south of the celestial mountains

Thian-shan-pe-loo, the country north of the celestial mountains

Thibet, supposed to be a corrupt. of _Thupo_, the country of
the Thou, a people who founded an empire there in the sixth
century

This or Abou-This, _i.e._ the city of This, corrupted by the
Greeks into _Abydos_

Thouars, 12

Thrace, Grk. the rough land, _trachus_

Thun, 69

Thurgau, 88

Thurles, 128

Thurso, 1

Tiber R., 192

Tideswell, 161

Tierra-del-Fuego, 189

Tillicoultry, 198

Tilsit or Tilzela, at the conf. of the R. Tilzele with the Memel

Tinnevelly, corrupt. from _Trinavali_, one of the names of Vishnu

Tinto Hill, 189

Tipperary, 192

Tiree Island, 189

Tiverton, 83

Tlascala, Mexican, the place of bread

Tobermory, 192

Tobolsk, 176

Todmorden, corrupt. from _Todmare-dean_, the valley of the
foxes’ mere or marsh

Tomantoul, 192

Tomsk, 176

Tongres, 186

Tonquin, Chinese _Tang-king_, the eastern capital

Toome--_v._ TUAIM, 197

Töplitz, Neu and Alt

Torgau, 195

Torquay, 195

Torres Straits, named after one of Magalhaen’s lieutenants

Torres-Vedras, 195

Torquemada, 195

Tory Island, 195

Toul and Toulouse, 50

Toulon, anc. _Telonium_ or _Telo Martius_, named after its founder

Tourcoing, 195

Tours, 196

Towie and Tough, parishes in Aberdeenshire, from Gael, _tuath_, the
north

Trafalgar, 90

Tralee, 196

Tranent, 197

Transylvania, 173

Trapani, anc. _Drapanum_, the sickle, Grk. _drepanon_

Tras-os-Montes, 142

Traun R., 196

Traunik, 196

Traunviertel, 196

Trave R., 196

Trebizond, Grk. _trapezus_, the table, so called from its form

Trent, anc. _Civitas-Tridentium_, the town of the _Tridenti_

Trêves, named from the _Treviri_, a tribe

Trichinapalli, the town of the giant _Trisira_

Trim, at the elder-tree, 197

Trinidad, so named by Columbus from its three peaks, emblematic of
the Holy Trinity

Tring, a patronymic

Tripoli, 158

Tripolitza, 158

Trolhätta Fall, Goth. the abyss of the trolls or demons

Trondhjem or Drontheim

Troon, 178

Troppau, _i.e._ _Zur-Oppa_, on the R. Oppa

Troyes, named from the _Tricasses_

Truro, 197

Truxillo, in Spain, corrupt. from _Turris-Julii_, Julius’s tower

Tuam, 197

Tubingen, anc. _Diowingen_, probably a patronymic

Tudela, anc. _Tutela_, the watch-tower

Tullamore, 197

Tulle, anc. _Tutela_, the watch-tower

Tullow, 197

Turin, anc. _Augusta-Taurinorum_, named from the Taurini,
_i.e._ dwellers among hills

Tweed R., Brit. _tuedd_, a border

Tyndrum, 188

Tynron, 188

Tyre, 196

Tyrnau, on the R. Tyrnau

Tyrone, 189

Tzerna or Czerna R., 212

Tzernagora, 212

U

Udny, a parish in Aberdeenshire, _i.e._ _Wodeney_, from the Saxon
god Woden

Uist, North and South, Scand. _Vist_, an abode

Uj-hely, Hung. new place

Ukraine, Sclav. the frontier or boundary

Ulleswater, 206

Ulm or Ulma, the place of elm-trees

Ulster, 183

Unst Island, anc. _Ornyst_, Scand. the eagle’s nest

Unyamuezi, the land of the moon

Upsala, 169

Ural Mountains and R., Tartar, the belt or girdle

Usedom, the Germanised form of _Huzysch_, Sclav. the place of
learning

Usk R., 198

Utrecht, 66

V

Valais, 199

Valence, in France, and

Valencia, in Spain, anc. _Valentia_, the powerful

Valenciennes and Valenza, or Valence, said to have been named after
the Emperor Valentinian

Valentia Island, in Ireland, Ir. _Dearbhre_, the oak wood

Valetta, in Malta, named after the Grand Master of the Knights of
St. John in 1566

Valparaiso, 200

Van Diemen’s Land, named after Maria Van Diemen by Tasman

Vannes, named from the _Veneti_

Varna, Turc. the fortress

Varosvar, 200

Vasarhely, 103

Vaucluse, 200

Vaud, Pays de, 200

Velekaja R., 200

Vendée, La, and

Vendôme, named from the _Veneti_

Venezuela, little Venice, so called from an Indian village
constructed on piles, discovered by the Spaniards

Venice, 79

Venloo, 79

Ventnor, 150

Ventry, 196

Verdun and Verden, 69

Vermont, green mountain

Vevey, anc. _Vibiscum_, on the R. Vip

Viborg, 201

Vick, 210

Vienna, Ger. _Wien_, on the R. Wien, an affluent of the Danube

Viesti, named from a temple dedicated to Vesta

Vigo, 209

Vimeira, Port. the place of osiers, _vime_

Vincennes, anc. _Ad-Vicenas_

Virginia, named after Queen Elizabeth

Vistula or Wisla, the west-flowing river

Vitré, corrupt. from _Victoriacum_, the victorious

Vitry, the victorious, founded by Francis I.

Vladimir, founded by the ducal family of that name in the twelfth
century

Vogelberg, the hill of birds

Volga, the great water

Volhynia, Sclav. the plain

Voorburg, 84

Voralberg, _i.e._ in front of the Arlberg ridge

Vukovar, the fortress on the R. Vuka

W

Wakefield, 206

Walcherin Island, 204

Waldeck, 202

Walden, Saffron, 202

Wales, 203

Wallachia, 204

Wallendorf, 204

Wallenstadt, 204

Wallingford, 203

Walthamstow, 202

Ware, 207

Wareham, 207

Warminster, 207

Warrington, a patronymic

Warsaw, the fortified place--_v._ VAR

Warwick, 205

Waterford, 80

Waterloo, 130

Weimar, 134

Weissenfels, 207

Weistritz R., the swift, straight stream

Well--_v._ QUELLE

Welland R., the river into which the tide flows

Wellingborough, a patronymic

Wellington, a patronymic

Wells, 161

Welshpool, Welsh _Trallwng_, the quagmire

Wem, 198

Wemys, _uamh_, the cave

Werden, 205

Wesely, Hung. pleasant

Weser R., 1

Westeraas, 208

Westphalia, the western plain

Wetterhorn, 108

Wexford, 80

Whitby, 37

Whitehaven, 97

Whithorn, 11

Wiborg, 201

Wick, 209

Wicklow, 209

Wiesbaden, 16

Wigan, 201

Wight, Isle of, anc. _Zuzo-yr-with_, the island of the channel

Wigton, 201

Wiltshire, 173

Wimbleton, 193

Wimborne, 210

Winchester, 44

Windsor, 150

Wirksworth, 208

Wisbeach, the shore of the R. Ouse, _uisge_, water

Wisconsin, Ind. the wild rushing channel

Wismar, 210

Withey, 207

Wittenberg, 207

Wittstock, 210

Wladislawaw, the town of Wladislav

Wokingham, 5

Wolfenbuttel, 27

Wolga--_v._ Volga

Wolverhampton, 193

Woodstock, 210

Wooler, 211

Woolwich, 104

Worcester, anc. _Huic-wara-ceaster_, the camp of the _Huieci_

Worms, 133

Worm’s Head, the serpent’s head, _ornr_, from its form

Worthing, 211

Wrath, Cape, Scand. the cape of the _hvarf_, or turning

Wrietzen or Brietzen, Sclav. the place of birch-trees--_v._ BRASA

Wroxeter, anc. _Uriconium_

Wurtemberg, anc. _Wrtinisberk_, from a personal name

Wurtzburg, 212

Wycombe, 53

Wyoming Valley, corrupt. from _Maugh-wauwame_, Ind. the large
plains

X

Xanthus R., Grk. the yellow river

Xeres de la Frontera, anc. _Asta Regia Cæsariana_, Cæsar’s royal
fortress

Xeres de los Caballeros, Cæsar’s cavalry town

Y

Yakutsk, named from the _Yakuts_, a Tartar tribe

Yang-tse Kiang R., the son of the great water

Yarra, the ever-flowing, a river in Australia

Yeddo or Jeddo, river door

Yell, barren

Yemen, to the south or right

Yeni-Bazaar, 212

Yenisi R., 212

Yeovil, 201

York, 209

Youghal, anc. _Eochaill_, the yew wood

Ypres or Yperen, the dwelling on the Yperlea

Ysselmonde, 140

Yunnan, the cloudy south region, in China

Yvetot, 192

Yvoire, 9

Z

Zab R., 212

Zabern, 186

Zambor, Sclav. behind the wood

Zanguebar or Zanjistan, Pers. and Arab., the land of the Zangis and
Bahr

Zaragossa--_v._ Saragossa

Zealand, in Denmark, _Sjvelland_, spirit land

Zealand, in Netherlands, land surrounded by the sea

Zeitz, named after Ciza, a Sclav. goddess

Zell or Cell, 48

Zerbst, belonging to the Wends, _Sserbski_

Zittau, the place of corn

Zug, anc. _Tugium_, named from the _Tugeni_, a tribe

Zurich, anc. _Thiouricum_, the town of the Thuricii, who built
it after it had been destroyed by Attila

Zutphen, 79

Zuyder-Zee, 172

Zweibrücken, 31

Zwickau, the place of goats, Ger. _Ziege_

Zwolle, anc. _Suole_, Old Ger. _Sval_, at the swell of the water

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