Chapter XXXI: Appendix: VIII

SYNOPSIS OF THE _DECAMERON_ TOGETHER WITH SOME WORKS TO BE CONSULTED

GENERAL:

MANNI, D. M. _Istoria del Decameron_ (Firenze, 1742).

BOTTARI, G. _Lezioni sopra il Decameron_ (Firenze, 1818).

MASSARINI, T. _Storia e fisiologia dell' arte di ridere_ (Milan,
1901), vol. ii.

CONCERNING SEVERAL TALES:

DI FRANCIA, L. _Alcune novelle del Decameron_, in _Giornale Stor.
della Lett. Ital._, vol. xliv (1904).

Treats of i, 2; iv, 2; v, 10; vii, 2; vii, 4; vii, 6; viii, 10; x,
8.

ZUMBINI, B. _Alcune novelle del B. e i suoi criterii d' arte_, in
_Atti della R. Acc. della Crusca_ (Firenze, 1905).

Treats of ii, 4; ii, 5; ii, 6; iii, 6; iv, 1; iv, 10; v, 6; vii, 2;
x, 6.

PROEM

_Here begins the first day of the Decameron, on which, after it has
been shown by the author how the persons mentioned came together to
relate these stories, each one, under the presidency of Pampinea,
related some amusing matter that they could think of._

The Proem is divided into two parts in the best editions. The first part having for title:

"Here begins the book called Decameron, otherwise Prince Galeotto, wherein are combined one hundred novels told in ten days by seven ladies and three young men."

In the second part the irony against the clergy is obvious.

For the Palace in which the gathering takes place see G. MANCINI, _Poggio Gherardi, primo ricetto alle Novellatrici del B._ (Firenze, Cellini, 1858), and W. STILLMAN, _The Decameron and its Villas_, in _The Nineteenth Century_, August, 1899, and N. MASELLIS, _I due palagi di rifugio e la valle delle donne nel Decameron_ in _Rassegna Nazionale_, June 16, 1904, and JANET ROSS, _Florentine Villas_ (Dent, 1903), and EDWARD HUTTON, _Country Walks about Florence_ (Methuen, 1908), cap. i.

THE FIRST DAY

PAMPINEA QUEEN

_Subject of Tales._--Various.

NOVEL I

BY PAMFILO

_Ciappelletto deceives a holy friar by a sham confession, and dies;
and although he was an arch-rogue during his life, yet he was
regarded as a saint after his death, and called San Ciappelletto._

Against the Friars.

For a Latin version of this tale consult G. DA SCHIO, _Sulla vita e sugli scritti di Antonio Loschi_ (Padova, 1858), p. 145.

For some interesting documents see C. PAOLI, _Documenti di Ser Ciappelletto_, in _Giornale St. d. Lett It._, vol. v (1885), p. 329. G. FINZI, _La novella boccaccesca di Ser Ciappelletto_, in _Bib. d. scuole it._, vol. iii (1891), p. 105 _et seq._, is a good comment. And SILVIO PELLINI, _Una novella del Decameron_ (Torino, 1887), gives us a reprint from the Basle edition of 1570 of the Latin translation of Olimpia Morata.

NOVEL II

BY NEIFILE

_Abraham the Jew went to Rome at the instigation of Jehannot de
Chevigny, and seeing the wicked manner of life of the clergy there,
he returned to Paris and became a Christian._

Against the clergy.

B. ZUMBINI, in _Studi di Lett. Straniere_ (Firenze, 1893), p. 185 _et seq._, compares this novel with Lessing's _Nathan der Weise_. P. TOLDO, in _Giornale St. d. Lett. Ital._, xlii (1903), p. 335 _et seq._, finds here a Provençal story. L. DI FRANCIA, in _Giornale, sup._, xliv (1904), examines the origins with much care. J. BONNET, _Vie d'Olympia Morata_ (Paris, 1851), cap. ii, p. 53, speaks of the Morata translation of this novel and of _Decameron_, x, 10.

NOVEL III

BY FILOMENA

_The Jew Melchisedec escapes from a trap which Saladin laid for
him, by telling him a story about three rings._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 30.

See G. TARGIONI-TOZZETTI, _Novelletta del Mago e del giudeo_ (Ferrara, 1869). L. CAPPELLETTI, _Commento sopra la 3a novella della prima giornata del Dec._ (Bologna, 1874). A. TOBLER, _Li dis dou vrai aniel. Die Parabel von dem achten Ringe französische Dichtung des dreizehnten Jahrhunderts_ (Leipzig, 1884). G. PARIS, _La poésie du moyen âge_, 2^e série (Paris, 1903), No. 12. _La parabole des trois anneaux._ G. BERTINO, _Le diverse redazioni della Novella dei tre anelli_, in _Spigolature Letterarie_ (Sassari, Scano, 1903). T. GIANNONE, _Una novella del B. e un dramma del Lessing_ (Nathan the Wise), in _Rivista Abruzzese_, xv (1900), p. 32 _et seq._

NOVEL IV

BY DIONEO

_A monk who had incurred a severe punishment for an offence that he
had committed, saved himself from it by convicting his abbot of the
same fault._

Against the Monks.

See J. BÉDIER, _Les fabliaux études de littérature populaire et d'histoire littéraire du moyen âge_ (Paris, 1893).

NOVEL V

BY FIAMMETTA

_The Marchioness of Monferrat cures the King of France of his
senseless passion by means of a repast of hens and by a few
suitable words._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, ii (1567), No. 16.

For sources see S. PRATO, _L' orma del leone, racconto orientale considerato nella tradizione popolare_, in _Romania_, xii (1883), p. 535 _et seq._

NOVEL VI

BY EMILIA

_An honest layman, by means of a fortunate jest, reproves the
hypocrisy of the clergy._

Against the clergy.

See V. ROSSI, in _Dai tempi antichi ai tempi moderni; da Dante al Leopardi_ (Milano, 1904). Una novella boccaccesca in azione nel secolo xv, p. 419 _et seq._

NOVEL VII

BY FILOSTRATO

_Bergamino reproves Messer Cane della Scala in a very clever
manner, by the story of Primasso and the Abbot of Cluny._

See P. RAJNA, _Intorno al cosidetto "Dialogus creaturarum" ed al suo autore_, in _Giornale Stor. d. Lett. Ital._, x (1887), p. 50 _et seq._

NOVEL VIII

BY LAURETTA

_By a few witty words Guglielmo Borsiere overcomes the covetousness
of Ermino de' Grimaldi._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 31.

NOVEL IX

BY ELISA

_The King of Cyprus, being reproved by a lady of Gascony, from
being indolent and worthless becomes a virtuous prince._

NOVEL X

BY PAMPINEA

_Messer Alberto of Bologna modestly puts a lady to the blush, who
wished to do the same by him, as she thought that he was in love
with her._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 32.

THE SECOND DAY

FILOMENA QUEEN

_Subject._--The fortune of those who after divers adventures have at last attained a goal of unexpected felicity.

NOVEL I

BY NEIFILE

_Martellino disguises himself as a cripple, and pretends that he
has been cured by touching the dead body of St. Arrigo. His fraud
is exposed, he is thrashed, taken into custody, and narrowly
escapes being hanged, but luckily manages to get off._

NOVEL II

BY FILOSTRATO

_Rinaldo d' Asti having been robbed, comes to Castel Guglielmo,
where a handsome widow entertains him, and amply recompenses him
for his losses, and he returns home well and happy._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 33.

See G. GALVANI, _Di S. Giuliano io_ SPADALIERE _e del_ PATER NOSTER, _usato dirgli dai viandati ad illustrazione di un luogo del Decamerone del B._, in _Lezioni accademiche_ (Modena, 1840), vol. ii; also A. GRAF, _Per la novella XII del Decamerone_, in _Giorn. Stor. d. Lett. Ital._, VII (1886), pp. 179-87, and IDEM., _Miti leggende e superstizioni del Medio Evo_, vol. ii (Torino, 1893); also G. FOGOLARI, _La Leggenda di S. Giuliano: Affreschi della 2a meta del sec. xiv. nel Duomo di Trento_, in _Tridentum_, v (1902), fasc. 10, pp. 433-44, vi, fasc. 2 and fasc. 12. See also E. BAXMANN, _Middleton's Lustpiel, "The Widow," Boccaccio's "Decameron," II, 2, and III, 3_ (Halle, 1903).

NOVEL III

BY PAMPINEA

_Three gentlemen, having squandered their fortunes, are brought
to poverty; one of their nephews going home in despair, makes
the acquaintance of an abbot, whom he afterwards recognises as
the daughter of the King of England, who marries him, makes good
all his uncles' losses, and reinstates them all in their former
prosperity._

Appeared in PAINTERS'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 34.

NOVEL IV

BY LAURETTA

_Landolfo Ruffolo becomes very poor and turns pirate. He is taken
prisoner by the Genoese, is shipwrecked, and saves himself on a
chest full of jewels, is entertained by a poor woman in Corfù, and
returns home a rich man._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 35.

See B. ZUMBINI, _La novella di Landolfo Ruffolo_, in _La Biblioteca delle scuole Italiane_, XI (1905), fasc. 6, pp. 65-6.

NOVEL V

BY FIAMMETTA

_Andreuccio of Perugia, coming to Naples in order to buy horses,
meets with three unfortunate adventures in one night; but escapes
from them all fortunately, and returns home with a very valuable
ruby._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, i (1566), No. 36.

See L. CAPPELLETTI, _Andreuccio da Perugia: commento sopra la V novella della 2a giornata del Decamerone_ (Firenze, 1879). F. LIEBRECHT, _Zum "Decamerone,"_ in _Jahrbuch für rom. und eng. Literatur_, xv (1877), fasc. 3, compares this story with an Eastern tale.

NOVEL VI

BY EMILIA

_Madame Beritola was found on an island with two young goats,
having lost her two children. She went to Lunigiana, where one of
her sons had entered the service of a gentleman of that district,
and being found with his master's daughter, was thrown into prison.
When the Sicilians rebelled against King Charles, the mother
recognised her son, who marries his master's daughter, finds his
brother, and they rise again to great distinction._

Appeared in GREENE'S _Perimedes the Blacksmith_ (1588).

See L. CAPPELLETTI, _Madonna Beritola: Commento_, in _Propugnatore_, xii (1879), pt. i, pp. 62 _et seq._

NOVEL VII

BY PAMFILO

_The Sultan of Babylon sends his daughter to become the bride
of the King of Algarve, but during the space of four years she,
through different accidents, passes through the hands of nine
different men in various countries. At last she is restored to her
father, and goes, as a virgin, to the King of Algarve, as whose
bride she had first set out._

See E. MONTÉGUT, _La fiancée du roi du Garbe et le Décaméron_, in _Revue de deux mondes_, June 1, 1863.

NOVEL VIII

BY ELISA

_The Count of Antwerp is accused, though he is innocent, and goes
into exile, leaving his two children in England. Returning from
Ireland as a stranger, he finds them both in very prosperous
circumstances. He himself enters the army of the King of France
as a common soldier, is found to be innocent, and restored to his
former position._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 37.

NOVEL IX

BY FILOMENA

_Bernabò of Genoa is cheated out of his money by Ambrogiuolo, and
orders his own innocent wife to be put to death. She escapes in
men's clothes, and enters the Sultan's service, meets the cheat,
and sends for her husband to Alexandria, where Ambrogiuolo meets
with his due reward. She then resumes her female attire, and
returns to Genoa with her husband, and with great wealth._

Appeared in _Westward for Smelts_, by Kind Kit of Kingston (1620).

For the origin of "Cymbeline" from this tale see B. LEONHARDT, _Zu Cymbelin_, in _Anglia_, vii (1884), fasc. 3, and S. LEVY, in _Anglia_, vii, p. 120 _et seq._; R. OHLE, _Shakespeare's Cymbeline und seine romanischen Vorläufer_ (Berlin, 1890). For a Sicilian original of this tale see G. L. PERRONI, _Un "cuntu" siciliano ed una novella del Boccaccio_, in _Archivio per lo studio delle tradizioni popolari_, xix (1900), fasc. 2. See also G. PARIS, _Le conte de la gageure dans Boccace_, in _Misc. di studi critici in onore di A. Graf_ (Bergamo, 1903), pp. 107-16.

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_Paganino of Monaco carries off the wife of Ricciardo da Chinzica,
who, finding out where she is, goes after her and makes friends
with Paganino. He demands his wife back, and Paganino promises to
restore her if she herself wishes it. She, however, has no desire
to return to him, so remains with Paganino, who marries her after
Chinzica's death._

THE THIRD DAY

NEIFILE QUEEN

_Subject._--The luck of such as have painfully acquired some much coveted thing, or having lost it have recovered it.

NOVEL I

BY FILOSTRATO

_Masetto da Lamporecchio feigns dumbness, and becomes gardener to a
convent of nuns, which leads to the consequence that they all lie
with him._

Against the Nuns.

For some sources and precedents for this story see P. TOLDO, _Rileggendo le Mille e una Notte_, in _Miscellanea di studi critici ed. in onore di A. Graf_ (Bergamo, 1903), p. 491 _et seq._

NOVEL II

BY PAMPINEA

_A groom of King Agilulf takes his place with the queen. Agilulf
finds it out, discovers the offender, and cuts off his hair, whilst
he pretends to be asleep. He, however, marks all his fellow-grooms
in the same way, and thus escapes punishment._

NOVEL III

BY FILOMENA

_A lady, who has fallen in love with a handsome gentleman, makes
use of a friar, under the cloak of confession and scruples
of conscience, and without his perceiving it, to act as her
intermediary._

Against the Friars.

On this tale see E. BAXMANN, _Middleton's Lustpiel, "The Widow," und Boccaccio's "Decameron" III, 3, and II, 2_ (Halle, 1903).

NOVEL IV

BY PAMFILO

_Dom Felice teaches "Friar" Puccio how he may be saved by doing a
penance; while "Friar" Puccio is performing the penance, Dom Felice
passes the time pleasantly with his wife._

Against the Monks.

NOVEL V

BY ELISA

_Zima gives his palfrey to Messer Francesco Vergellesi on the
condition of being allowed to speak to his wife out of earshot
of anyone, and the wife making no response, he answers for her
himself, and the usual consequence soon follows._

Appeared in H. C.'s _Forest of Fancy_ (1579).

In this and the following tale cf. P. TOLDO, _Quelques sources italiennes du théâtre comique de Houdard de la Motte_, in _Bulletin Italien_, vol. i (1901), p. 200 _et seq._

NOVEL VI

BY FIAMMETTA

_Ricciardo Minutolo loves the wife of Filippello Fighinolfi, whom
he knows to be jealous of her husband. He tells her that Filippello
has an assignation the following day at a bagnio with his wife, and
the lady goes there to meet her husband. Imagining herself to be in
bed with her husband, she finds herself with Ricciardo._

This story, told by Fiammetta, is, in my opinion, significant for Boccaccio's own love affair. In it is told how a woman is tricked into love.

Cf. also P. TOLDI, _ubi supra_.

NOVEL VII

BY EMILIA

_Tedaldo, angry with one of his mistresses, quits Florence. Some
time after he returns in the disguise of a pilgrim, speaks with
the lady, and convinces her of her error; saves the life of her
husband, who has been condemned for killing him, reconciles him to
his brothers, and enjoys unmolested the favours of the lady._

Censure of the clergy.

Consult M. COLOMBO, _Due lettere scritte al Can. Dom. Moreni sopra due luoghi del Decam._, in _Opuscoli_ (Padova, 1832), vol. iii, p. 176 _et seq._

NOVEL VIII

BY LAURETTA

_Ferondo having swallowed a certain drug, is buried for dead. He is
taken out of the sepulchre by the abbot, who has a liaison with his
wife, put in prison, and made to believe that he is in purgatory;
he is then resuscitated, and brings up a child as his own, which
the abbot has begotten by his wife._

Against the Monks.

Consult P. TOLDO, _Les morts qui mangent_, in _Bulletin Italien_, vol. v (1905), P. 291 _et seq._

NOVEL IX

BY NEIFILE

_Gillette de Narbonne cures the king of a fistula. As a reward
she demands the hand of Bertram de Roussillon, who, espousing her
against his will, leaves for Florence in disgust. There he has a
love affair with a young lady, and lies with Gillette, believing
himself to be with his mistress. She bears him twin sons, and by
that means, he loving her dearly, honours her as his wife._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 38.

For the connection with _All's well that ends well_, see C. SEGRÉ, _Un' eroina del Boccaccio e l' "Elena" Shakespeariana_, in _Fanfulla della Domenica_, xxiii, 16, and G. P[ARIS], _Une version orientale du thème de "All's well that ends well,"_ in _Romania_, xvi (1887), p. 98 _et seq._

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_Alibech becomes a hermit, and is taught by one Rustico, a friar,
how to put back the devil into hell; on returning home she becomes
the wife of Neerbale._

Against the Friars.

This does not appear in the anonymous translation of the _Decameron_ of 1620, another story being in its place.

THE FOURTH DAY

FILOSTRATO KING

_Subject._--Love that ended in disaster.

NOVEL I

BY FIAMMETTA

_Tancred, Prince of Salerno, caused his daughter's lover to be put
to death, and sends her his heart in a golden goblet. She pours
poison into it, drinks it and dies._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. i (1566), No. 39.

For the sources and influence of this tale consult: G. CECIONI, _La Leggenda del cuore mangiato e tre antiche versioni in ottava rima di una novella del B._, in _Rivista contemporanea_, vol. i (1888), fasc. 9. J. ZUPITZA, _Die Mittelenglischen Bearbeitungen der Erzählung Boccaccios von Ghismonda und Guiscardo_, in _Vierteljahrsschrift für Kultur u. Litt. der Renaissance_, vol. i (1885), fasc. 1. SHERWOOD, _Die neuenglischen Bearbeitungen der Erzählung Boccaccios von Ghismonda und Guiscardo_, in _Litteraturblatt für german. und roman. Philologie_, xiii (1892), p. 412. J. W. CUNLIFFE, _Gismond of Salern_, in _Publications of Mod. Lang. Ass. of Am._, xxi (1906), fasc. 2.

NOVEL II

BY PAMPINEA

_Friar Alberto makes a woman believe that the Archangel Gabriel is
in love with her, and visits her several times at night under that
pretence. Afterwards he is obliged to escape out of a window for
fear of her relations, and takes refuge in the house of a poor man,
who the next day takes him publicly into the square and exhibits
him, disguised as a wild man; he is recognised, taken away by his
fellow-friars, and put into prison._

Against the Friars.

Appeared in TARLTON'S _News out of Purgatorie_ (1590).

NOVEL III

BY LAURETTA

_Three young men are in love with three sisters and take them to
Crete, where the eldest sister kills her lover from jealousy. The
second saves her sister from death, by giving herself to the Prince
of Crete, and because of this, her lover kills her and goes away
with the eldest sister. The third couple is accused of this murder,
and forced to confess it by torture, and being certain that they
will be put to death, they bribe their keeper to escape with them
and flee to Rhodes, where they die in poverty and misery._

NOVEL IV

BY ELISA

_Gerbino, contrary to a promise which his grandfather Guglielmo
had given the King of Tunis, fights with a Tunisian ship in order
to carry off the king's daughter. The crew kill the princess, for
which he puts them all to the sword, but is himself beheaded for
that deed._

Appeared in TURBERVILLE'S _Tragical Tales_ (_ca._ 1576).

See L. CAPPELLETTI, _La novella di Gerbino, imitazioni e raffronto_, in _Cronaca minima_ (Livorno, Aug. 14, 1887.)

NOVEL V

BY FILOMENA

_Isabella's brothers put her lover to death. He appears to her in
a dream, and tells her where his body is buried; whereupon, she
secretly brings away his head and buries it in a pot of basil, over
which she weeps for hours every day, and when her brothers take it
away she dies soon afterwards._

Appeared in TURBERVILLE'S _Tragical Tales_ (_ca._ 1576).

Consult T. CANNIZZARO, _Il lamento di Lisabetta da Messina e la leggenda del vaso di basilico_ (Catania, Battiato, 1902).

On the poem of Keats see U. MENGIN, _L'Italie des romantiques_ (Paris, 1902).

There is a Sicilian love song at end of this tale.

NOVEL VI

BY PAMFILO

_A young lady called Andreuola is in love with Gabriotto. She tells
him a dream that she has had, and whilst relating one that he has
had, he suddenly falls into her arms, dead. Whilst she is trying
to get the body to his own house, with the aid of her maid, they
are both arrested by the watch. She tells the magistrate how it
happened, and resists his improper advances. Her father hears what
has happened to her and procures her release, as her innocence is
established, but she renounces the world and becomes a nun._

NOVEL VII

BY EMILIA

_Simona and Pasquino are lovers, and, being in a garden together,
Pasquino rubs his teeth with a leaf of sage, and dies immediately.
Simona is arrested, and, on being brought before the judge, she
wishes to explain how Pasquino met his death, and, rubbing her
teeth with a leaf front the same plant, she dies on the spot._

Appeared in TURBERVILLE'S _Tragical Tales_ (_ca._ 1576).

NOVEL VIII

BY NEIFILE

_Girolamo is in love with Salvestra. His mother urges him to go to
Paris, and on his return, finding his mistress married, he secretly
introduces himself into her house, and dies at her side. Whilst he
is being buried, Salvestra also dies on his body in the church._

Appeared in TURBERVILLE'S _Tragical Tales_ (_ca._ 1576).

NOVEL IX

BY FILOSTRATO

_Guillaume de Roussillon gives his wife the heart of de Cabestaing
to eat, whom he had killed because he was her lover. When she
discovers this, she throws herself out of a high window, and being
killed, is buried with him._

Appeared in TURBERVILLE'S _Tragical Tales_ (_ca._ 1576).

See G. Paris, _La légende du Châtelain de Couci dans l'Inde_, in _Romania_, vol. xii (1883), p. 359 _et seq._, for a similar story.

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_A surgeon's wife puts her lover, who is in a deep sleep, into
a chest, thinking him dead, and two usurers steal it. In their
house he wakes up and is taken for a thief. The lady's maid tells
the magistrate that she had put him into the chest which the
money-lenders had stolen. By these means she saves him from the
gallows, and the usurers are fined for the theft._

THE FIFTH DAY

FIAMMETTA QUEEN

_Subject._--Good fortune befalling lovers after many dire and disastrous adventures.

NOVEL I

BY PAMFILO

_Cymon becomes wise through love, and carries off Iphigenia, his
mistress, by force of arms, to sea. He is put in prison at Rhodes,
where he is set at liberty by Lysimachus, and they together carry
off Iphigenia and Cassandra on their wedding-day, flee to Crete,
marry their mistresses, and are happily summoned to return home._

First English translation, _A Pleasant and Delightful History of Galesus, Cymon, and Iphigenia, etc._, by T. C. GENT (_ca._ 1584).

Consult TRIBOLATI, F., _Diporto sulla novella I della quinta giornata del Decamerone: saggio critico_, in _Arch. Stor. per le Marche e per l' Umbria_, vol. ii (1885), fasc. 8-9. v.

NOVEL II

BY EMILIA

_Constanza loves Martuccio Gomito. When she hears that he has
perished, in despair she goes quite by herself into a boat, and is
driven to Susa by the wind and waves. She meets Martuccio alive
in Tunis, makes herself known to him; and as he is very high in
the king's favour there, because of his good counsels, the monarch
bestows great wealth on him, and he marries his beloved, and
returns to Lipari with her._

Appeared in GREENE'S _Perimedes the Blacksmith_ (1588).

NOVEL III

BY ELISA

_Pietro Boccamazza runs away with Agnolella, his mistress, and
falls among thieves. She escapes into a wood, and is taken to a
castle. Pietro is taken prisoner by the thieves, but escapes and
comes to the same castle with some adventures, where he marries
Agnolella, and they return to Rome._

NOVEL IV

BY FILOSTRATO

_Ricciardo Manardi is found by Lizio da Valbona in bed with
his daughter, whereupon he marries her, and lives in peace and
friendship with her father._

NOVEL V

BY NEIFILE

_On his death-bed Guidotto of Cremona appoints Giacomino of Pavia
as guardian of his adopted daughter. Giannole di Severino and
Minghino di Mingole both fall in love with the girl, and fight
on her account, when it is discovered that she is the sister of
Giannole, and Minghino marries her._

Consult PRATO, S., _L' orma del leone, racconto orientale considerato nella tradizione popolare_, in _Romania_, xii (1883), p. 535 _et seq._

CHASLES, E., _La Comédie en France au XVI Siècle_ (Paris, 1867). RAJNA, P., _Le origini della novella narrata dal "Frankeleyn" nei Canterbury Tales del Chaucer_, in _Romania_, xxxii (1903), p. 204 _et seq._

NOVEL VI

BY PAMPINEA

_Gianni di Procida is surprised in the arms of a girl who had been
given to King Frederick, and he intends to have them burnt at the
stake together. Ruggieri dell' Oria, however, recognises them both,
and they are set at liberty, and marry._

Consult ZUMBINI, B., _Alcune novelle del Boccaccio e i suoi criterii d' arte_, in _Atti della R. Acc. della Crusca_ (Firenze, 1905), No. 29th Jan.

NOVEL VII

BY LAURETTA

_Teodoro is in love with Violante, the daughter of his master,
Amerigo, Abbot of Trapani. She becomes pregnant, and he is
sentenced to be hanged. As he is being led to execution, after
being scourged, his father recognises him, he is set at liberty,
and marries his mistress._

Appeared in H. C.'s _Forest of Fancy_, ii (1579).

NOVEL VIII

BY FILOMENA

_Nastagio degli Onesti loves the daughter of Paolo Traversaro, and
spends much of his fortune without being able to gain her love in
return. At the advice of his friends he goes to Chiassi, where he
sees a lady being pursued by a huntsman, who kills her and lets his
dogs devour her. He invites his own relations and those of the lady
to an entertainment, lets them see this terrible chase, and she,
from fear of suffering the same fate, marries him._

Appeared in _A Notable History of Nastagio and Traversari, etc._, in English verse by C. T. (1569), and in TURBERVILLE'S _Tragical Tales_ (_ca._ 1576), vol. i, and in H. C.'s _Forest of Fancy_ (1579).

Consult CAPPELLETTI, L., _Commento sopra l' VIII nov. della V. giornata dell Decameron_ in _Propugnatore_, vol. viii (1875), parts i and ii. BORGOGNONI, A., _La XLVIII nov. del Decameron_, in _Domenica Letteraria_, iii (1883), 13. NEILSON, W. A., _The purgatory of cruel beauties. A note on the sources of the 8th novel of the 5th day of the Decameron_, in _Romania_, xxix (1900), p. 85 _et seq._ And for the influence of Dante here: ARULLANI, V. A., _Nella scia dantesca, alcuni oltretomba posteriori alla Divina Commedia_ (Alba, 1905).

NOVEL IX

BY FIAMMETTA

_Frederigo being in love without any return, spends all his
property for the lady's sake, and at last has nothing left but one
favourite hawk. The lady coming to see him unexpectedly, he has
this prepared for dinner, having nothing else to give her; and she
is so touched when she hears this, that she alters her mind and
makes him master of herself and all her wealth._

CAPPELLETTI, L., _Commento sopra la IX novella della quinta giornata del Decameron_, in _Propugnatore_, vol. x, part i.

TOSI, I., _Longfellow e l' Italia_ (Bologna, 1906), esp. p. 89 _et seq._

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_Pietro di Vinciolo goes out to supper, and in the meanwhile his
wife has a young fellow come to see her. Pietro returns home
unexpectedly and discovers his wife's trick, but as he is no better
himself, they manage to make it up between them._

Consult DE MARIA, U., _Dell' Asino d' oro di Apuleio e di varie sue imitazioni nella nostra letteratura_ (Roma, 1901).

THE SIXTH DAY

ELISA QUEEN

_Subject._--Of such as by some sprightly sally have repulsed an attack, or by some ready retort or device have avoided loss, peril, or scorn.

NOVEL I

BY FILOMENA

_A knight engages to carry Madonna Oretta behind him on the saddle,
promising to tell her a pleasant story by the way; but the lady
finding it not to be according to her taste, begs him to allow her
to dismount._

NOVEL II

BY PAMPINEA

_Cisti the baker, by a sharp retort, makes Signor Geri Spina
sensible of an unreasonable request._

Consult CAPPELLETTI, L., _La novella di Cisti fornaio_, in _Cronaca minima_ (Livorno, 1887, 28 August).

NOVEL III

BY LAURETTA

_Madonna Nonna de' Pulci, by a sharp repartee, silences the Bishop
of Florence for an unseemly piece of raillery_.

NOVEL IV

BY NEIFILE

_Chichibio, cook to Currado Gianfiliazzi, by a prompt rejoinder
which he makes to his master, turns his wrath into laughter, and
escapes the punishment with which he had threatened him._

Appeared in TARLTON'S _News out of Purgatorie_ (1590), No. 4.

NOVEL V

BY PAMFILO

_Forese da Rabatta and Giotto the painter, coming from Mugello,
jest at the meanness of each other's appearance._

NOVEL VI

BY FIAMMETTA

_Michele Scalza proves to certain young gentlemen how that the
family of the Baronci is the most ancient of any in the world, and
of Maremma, and wins a supper by it._

NOVEL VII

BY FILOSTRATO

_Madonna Filippa being found by her husband with a lover, is
accused and tried for it, but saves herself by her witty reply, and
has the law moderated for the future._

NOVEL VIII

BY EMILIA

_Fresco recommends his niece not to look at herself again in a
mirror since, as she had averred, looking at ugly people was
disagreeable to her._

NOVEL IX

BY ELISA

_Guido Cavalcanti reproves in polite terms certain Florentine
knights who had taken him unawares._

Consult CAPPELLETTI, L., _La novella di Guido Cavalcanti_, in _Propugnatore_, vol. x (1677).

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_Friar Cipolla promises some country people to show them a feather
from the wing of the Angel Gabriel, instead of which he finds only
some coals, which he tells them are the same that roasted St.
Laurence._

Appeared in TARLTON'S _News out of Purgatorie_ (_ca._ 1576), No. 5.

THE SEVENTH DAY

DIONEO KING

_Subject._--Of the tricks which either for love or for their deliverance from peril ladies have heretofore played their husbands, and whether they were by the said husbands detected or no.

NOVEL I

BY EMILIA

_Gianni Lotteringhi hears at night a knocking at his door, and
wakes his wife. The latter makes him believe it is a spirit. They
both go to conjure it away with a prayer, and the noise ceases._

Appeared in _The Cobler of Caunterburie_, No. 2.

NOVEL II

BY FILOSTRATO

_Peronella, hearing her husband enter, conceals her lover in a lie
tub, which tub the husband had just sold. She tells him that she
had also sold it to a person who was then in it, to see if it was
sound. Hereupon the man jumps out, makes the husband clean it for
him, he caressing the wife meanwhile, and carries it home._

Consult DE MARIA, U., _op. cit._, _supra_.

NOVEL III

BY ELISA

_Friar Rinaldo is in bed with the wife of a neighbour. The husband
finding him in the bedroom of his wife, both make him believe that
they are busy about a charm to cure their child of the worms._

Against the Friars.

NOVEL IV

BY LAURETTA

_Tofano shuts his wife one night out of doors, and she, not being
able to persuade him to let her in, pretends to throw herself into
a well, and drops a big stone in; he runs thither in a fright; she
slips into the house, and, locking him out, abuses him well._

Appeared in _Westward for Smelts_, by KIND KIT OF KINGSTON (1620), No. 3.

Consult MARCOCCHIA, G., _Una novella indiana nel Boccaccio e nel Molière_ (Spalatro, 1905).

NOVEL V

BY FIAMMETTA

_A jealous man confesses his wife under a priest's habit, who tells
him that she is visited every night by a friar; and, whilst he is
watching the door, she lets her lover in at the house-top._

Cf. THOMAS TWINE'S _Schoolmaster_ (1576).

NOVEL VI

BY PAMPINEA

_Isabella, being in company with her gallant, called Leonetto, and
being visited at the same time by one Lambertuccio, her husband
returns, when she sends Lambertuccio away with a drawn sword in his
hand, whilst the husband escorts Leonetto safely to his own house._

Appeared in TARLTON'S _News out of Purgatorie_ (1590), No. 7.

Consult PARIS, G., _Le lai de l'épervier_, in _Romania_ (1878).

NOVEL VII

BY FILOMENA

_Lodovico being in love with Beatrice, she sends her husband into
the garden, disguised like herself, so that her lover may be with
her in the meantime; and he afterwards goes into the garden and
beats the husband._

Appeared in _The Hundred Mery Talys_ (1526), No. 2.

Consult SCHOFIELD, W. H., _The source and history of the seventh novel of the seventh day in the Decameron_, in _Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature_, vol. ii (Boston, 1893).

NOVEL VIII

BY NEIFILE

_A woman, who had a very jealous husband, tied a thread to her
great toe, by which she informed her lover whether he should come
or not. The husband found it out, and whilst he was pursuing the
lover, she put her maid in her place. He takes her to be his wife,
beats her, cuts off her hair, and fetches his wife's relations,
who find nothing of what he had told them, and load him with
reproaches._

Appeared in the _Cobler of Caunterburie_.

NOVEL IX

BY PAMFILO

_Lydia, the wife of Nicostratus, being in love with Pyrrhus, did
three things which he had enjoined her, to convince him of her
affection. She afterwards used some familiarities with him before
her husband's face, making him believe that what he had seen was
not real._

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_Two inhabitants of Siena love the same woman, one of whom was
godfather to her son. This man dies, and returns, according to his
promise, to his friend, and gives him an account of what is done in
the other world._

THE EIGHTH DAY

LAURETTA QUEEN

_Subject of Tales._--Those tricks that daily woman plays man, or man woman or one man another.

NOVEL I

BY NEIFILE

_Gulfardo obtains from the wife of Guasparruolo a favour by giving
her a sum of money. He borrows the money from her husband. He
afterwards tells Guasparruolo, in her presence, that he had paid it
to her, which she acknowledges to be true._

This is Chaucer's _Shipmanne's Tale_ or _Story of Don John_.

NOVEL II

BY PAMFILO

_The priest of Varlungo receives favours from a woman of his
parish, and leaves his cloak in pawn. He afterwards borrows a
mortar of her, which he returns, and demands his cloak, which he
says he left only as a token. She mutinies, but is forced by her
husband to send it._

Against the clergy.

Consult TRIBOLATI, F., _La Belcolore: diporto letterario sulla novella VII della giornata VIII del Decameron_, in _Borghini_, vol. iii (1865).

NOVEL III

BY ELISA

_Calandrino, Bruno, and Buffalmacco go to Mugnone, to look for the
Heliotrope; and Calandrino returns laden with stones, supposing
that he has found it. Upon this his wife scolds him, and he beats
her for it; and then tells his companions what they knew better
than himself._

NOVEL IV

BY EMILIA

_The rector of Fiesole is in love with a lady who has no liking for
him, and he, thinking that he is in bed with her, is all the time
with her maid, and her brothers bring the bishop thither to witness
it._

Against the clergy.

Appeared in the _Nachgeahunt_ of Whetsone (1583).

NOVEL V

BY FILOSTRATO

_Three young sparks play a trick with a judge, whilst he is sitting
upon the bench hearing causes._

NOVEL VI

BY FILOMENA

_Bruno and Buffalmacco steal a pig from Calandrino, and make a
charm to find out the thief, with pills made of ginger and some
sack; giving him, at the same time, pills made of aloes; thereby
they make it appear that he had furtively sold the pig, and they
make him pay handsomely, for fear they should tell his wife._

Consult GIANNINI, A., _Una fonte di una novella del B._, in _Fanfulla della Domenica_, August 27, 1905. DRESCHER, K., _Zu Boccaccios Novelle Dekam_, viii, 6, in _Studien zur vergleichende Litteraturgeschichte_, vi (1906), fasc. 3.

NOVEL VII

BY PAMPINEA

_A scholar loves a widow lady, Helena, who, being enamoured of
another, makes him wait a whole night for her in the snow. The
scholar, in order to be revenged, finds means in his turn to make
the lady stand quite naked at the top of a tower for a night and a
day, in the middle of July, exposed to flies, insects, and the sun._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, ii, 31 (1567).

NOVEL VIII

BY FIAMMETTA

_Two married men constantly meet together, when one of them sleeps
with the wife of the other; which, that other discovering, agrees
with the wife of the traitor to close him up in a chest, on which
they together take their amusement._

Consult TRIBOLATI, F., _Commento sulla novella VIII della giornata VIII del Decameron_, in _Poliziano_, vol. i (1892), No. 5.

NOVEL IX

BY LAURETTA

_Messer Simone, a doctor, having been conducted during the night to
a certain place by Buffalmacco to make part of a company of rovers,
is thrown by Buffalmacco into a filthy ditch and left there._

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_A Sicilian girl, by a ruse, cheats a merchant out of the money
he has made at Palermo; afterwards he returns, pretending to have
a larger stock of goods than before, borrows a large sum of money
from her, and leaves her in security nothing but water and tow._

VIDAL BEV, _Boccacce et les docks et warrants_, in _Bulletin de l'institut Égyptien_ (1883).

THE NINTH DAY

EMILIA QUEEN

_Subject._--Various.

NOVEL I

BY FILOMENA

_Madonna Francesca, beloved by a certain Rinuccio and a certain
Alessandro, and not loving either of them, got rid of them
cleverly, by making one of them enter a tomb as if he were dead,
and sending the other to fetch him out, so that neither of them
could accomplish their purpose._

NOVEL II

BY ELISA

_An abbess going in haste, and in the dark, to surprise one of her
nuns, instead of her veil puts on the priest's breeches. The lady
accused makes a just remark upon this, and so escapes._

Against the Nuns.

Appeared in THOMAS TWYNE'S _Schoolmaster_ (1576), and WILLIAM WARNER'S _Albion's England_ (1586-1592).

NOVEL III

BY FILOSTRATO

_Messer Simone, at the instigation of Bruno, Buffalmacco, and
Nello, makes Calandrino believe that he is with child. The
last-named, in return for food and money, obtains a medicine from
them, and is cured without being delivered._

NOVEL IV

BY NEIFILE

_Cecco Fortarrigo loses at play all the money he had of his own, as
well as that of Cecco Angiulieri, his master; then he runs away in
his shirt, and pretending that the other had robbed him, he has him
taken hold of by the peasants; after which he put on his clothes,
and rode away on the other's horse, leaving him in his shirt._

NOVEL V

BY FIAMMETTA

_Calandrino is in love with a young girl; Bruno makes a written
talisman for him, and tells him that as soon as he touches her she
will follow him; Calandrino having got this from him, his wife
surprises him and makes a great scene._

NOVEL VI

BY PAMFILO

_Two young gentlemen lodge at an inn. The one lies with the
landlord's daughter, the other with his wife. He who has lain with
the daughter gets into the father's bed afterwards, and tells him
all about it, thinking it was his friend. A great noise is made in
consequence. The landlord's wife, having gone into her daughter's
bed, arranges everything in a few words._

Cf. _A Right Pleasaunt Historie of the Mylner of Abingdon_.

Consult VARNHAGEN, H., _Die Erzählung von der Wiege_, in _Englische Studien_, vol. ix (1886), fasc. 2.

NOVEL VII

BY PAMPINEA

_Talano of Molese dreams that his wife has her throat and face torn
by a wolf. He warns her, but she refuses to follow his advice, the
result being that what he had dreamed really happened._

NOVEL VIII

BY LAURETTA

_Biondello jests at Ciacco's expense by giving him a bad dinner,
after which Ciacco revenges himself by causing Biondello to be
beaten._

NOVEL IX

BY EMILIA

_Two young men ask advice from Solomon, the one in order to know
how he can be loved, the other how he may correct his bad-tempered
wife. He tells the first to love, and the other to go to the
Geese's Bridge._

Consult IMBRIANI, V., _I consigli di Salamone_, in _Rivista Europea_, n.s., vol. xxiii (1882), p. 37 _et seq._ BURDACH, K., _Zum Ursprung der Salomo Sage_, in _Arch. für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Litteraturen_, cviii (1902), fasc. 1 and 3.

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_Dom Gianni, at the request of his friend Pietro, works an
enchantment so as to change the latter into a mare. When he got as
far as to attach the tail, Pietro, saying that he didn't want any
tail, spoils the whole operation._

Against the monks.

THE TENTH DAY

PAMFILO KING

_Subject._--Of such as in matters of love or otherwise have done something with liberality or magnificence.

NOVEL I

BY NEIFILE

_A certain knight in the service of the king of Spain thinks that
he is not sufficiently rewarded. The king gives a remarkable proof
that this was not his fault so much as the knight's bad luck, and
afterwards nobly requites him._

Consult CHIARINI, G., _Le fonti del mercanti di Venezia_, in _Studi Shakespearani_ (Livorno, 1897).

NOVEL II

BY ELISA

_Ghino di Tacco makes the abbot of Cligni prisoner, and cures him
of a stomach disease; then he gives him his liberty. The abbot, on
his return to the Court of Rome, reconciles Ghino to Pope Boniface,
and has him made prior of a hospital._

Consult HUTTON, E., _In Unknown Tuscany_, with notes by W. HEYWOOD (Methuen, 1909), p. 101-11.

NOVEL III

BY FILOSTRATO

_Mitridanes envies the generosity of Nathan and goes to kill him,
when, conversing with him, but not knowing him, and being informed
in what manner he may do the deed, he goes to meet him in a wood
as Nathan had directed. There he recognises him, is ashamed, and
becomes his friend._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, ii (1567), No. 18.

NOVEL IV

BY LAURETTA

_Messer Gentile de' Carisendi, on his return from Modena, takes out
of the grave a lady whom he had loved, and whom they had buried for
dead. She recovers, and is delivered of a son, which he presents
with the lady to her husband, Niccoluccio Caccianimico._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, ii (1567), No. 19.

NOVEL V

BY EMILIA

_Madonna Dianora demands from Messer Ansaldo a garden as beautiful
in January as in the month of May. Messer Ansaldo, by the help of
necromancers, does it. Her husband gives him permission to put
himself at the disposal of Messer Ansaldo. He, having heard of her
husband's generosity, relieves her of her promise, and on his side
the necromancer, without wishing anything from him holds Messer
Ansaldo at quits._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, ii (1567), No. 17.

NOVEL VI

BY FIAMMETTA

_King Charles the Victorious, when old, becomes enamoured of a
young girl; ashamed of his foolish love, he marries her honourably
like one of his sisters._

NOVEL VII

BY PAMPINEA

_King Pietro, hearing that a lady was love-sick for him, makes her
a visit, and marries her to a worthy gentleman; then kissing her
forehead, calls himself ever afterwards her knight._

Consult CAPPELLETTI, L., _La Lisa e il re Pietro d' Aragona_, in _Propugnatore_, vol. xi (1879), part ii, p. 108 _et seq._

NOVEL VIII

BY FILOMENA

_Sophronia, believing herself to be the wife of Gisippus, is really
married to Titus Quintius Fulvus, who takes her off to Rome.
There Gisippus arrives some time afterwards in great distress,
and thinking him despised by Titus, declares himself guilty of a
murder, in order to put an end to his life. Titus recollects him,
and to save him, accuses himself, which when the murderer sees, he
delivers himself up as the guilty person. Finally, they are all set
at liberty by Octavius, and Titus marries Gisippus to his sister,
and gives him half his estate._

Appeared in _The History of Tytuse and Gesyppus_, out of the Latin by WILLIAM WALLIS, (?) and in _The Boke of the Governors_, by Sir THOMAS ELYOT, lib. ii, cap. xii (1531).

Consult WAGNER, C. P., _The sources of El Cavallero Cifar_, in _Revue hispanique_, vol. x (1903), p. 4 _et seq._

NOVEL IX

BY PAMFILO

_Saladin, disguising himself like a merchant, is generously
entertained by Messer Torello, who, going upon an expedition to the
Holy Land, allowed his wife a certain time to marry again. In the
meantime he is taken prisoner, and being employed to look after the
hawks, is recognised by the Soldan, who shows him great respect.
Afterwards Torello falls sick, and is conveyed by magic art, in one
night, to Pavia, at the very time that his wife was to have been
married; when he makes himself known to her, and returns with her
home._

Appeared in PAINTER'S _Palace of Pleasure_, vol. ii (1567), No. 20.

Consult RAJNA, P., _La leggenda Boccaccesca del Saladino e di messer Torello_, in _Romania_, vol. vi (1877), p. 349 _et seq._ LANDAU, M., _La novella di messer Torello e le sue attinenze mitiche e leggendarie_, in _Giornale stor. della Lett. Ital_., vol. ii (1883), p. 52 _et seq._ IBID., _Le tradizioni giudaiche nella novellistica italiana_, in _Giornale cit._, vol. i (1883), p. 535 _et seq._

NOVEL X

BY DIONEO

_The Marquis of Saluzzo, having been prevailed on by his subjects
to marry, in order to please himself in the affair made choice of
a countryman's daughter, by whom he had two children, which he
pretended to put to death. Afterwards, seeming as though he was
weary of her and had taken another, he had his own daughter brought
home, as if he had espoused her; whilst he sent away his wife in
a most distressed condition. At length, being convinced of her
patience, he brought her home again, presented her children to her,
who were now of considerable years, and ever loved and honoured her
as a lady._

Appeared as _The Pleasant and Sweet History of Patient Grissel_ (s.a.), and again in 1619.

Consult TRIBOLATI, F., _La Griselda_ in _Borghini_, vol. iii (1865). BUCHEIM, C. A., _Chaucer's Clerkes Tale and Petrarch's version of the Griselda Story in Athenæum_, No. 3470 (1894). SIEFKEN, O., _Der Konstanze Griseldetypus in der englischen Litteratur bis auf Shakespeare_ (Ruthenow, 1904). JUSSERAND, J. J., _Au tombeau de Pétrarque_, in _Revue de Paris_ (July, 1896), pp. 92-119. SAVORINI, L., _La Leggenda di Griselda_, in _Rivista Abruzzese_, vol. xv (1900), p. 21 _et seq._