Chapter V

PUNIC WARS AND WARS OF MACEDONIA AND ASIA (488-621).

I. COMPARISON BETWEEN ROME AND CARTHAGE 155

II. FIRST PUNIC WAR (490-513) 158

III. WAR OF ILLYRIA (525) 165

IV. INVASION OF THE CISALPINES (528) 167

V. SECOND PUNIC WAR (536-552) 169

VI. RESULTS OF THE SECOND PUNIC WAR 182

VII. THE MACEDONIAN WAR (554) 189

VIII. WAR AGAINST ANTIOCHUS (563) 194

IX. THE WAR IN THE CISALPINE (558-579) 196

X. WAR AGAINST PERSIA (583) 199

XI. MODIFICATION OF ROMAN POLICY 204

XII. THIRD PUNIC WAR (605-608) 212

XIII. GREECE, MACEDONIA, NUMANTIA, AND PERGAMUS REDUCED TO PROVINCES 215

XIV. SUMMARY 219

CHAPTER VI.

THE GRACCHI, MARIUS, AND SYLLA (621-676).

I. STATE OF THE REPUBLIC 224

II. TIBERIUS GRACCHUS (621) 232

III. CAIUS GRACCHUS (631) 238

IV. WAR OF JUGURTHA (637) 246

V. MARIUS (647) 249

VI. WARS OF THE ALLIES 256

VII. SYLLA (666) 262

VIII. EFFECTS OF SYLLA’S DICTATORSHIP 278

* * * * *

BOOK II.

HISTORY OF JULIUS CÆSAR.

CHAPTER I.

(654-684.)

I. FIRST YEARS OF CÆSAR 281

II. CÆSAR PERSECUTED BY SYLLA (672) 290

III. CÆSAR IN ASIA (673, 674) 293

IV. CÆSAR ON HIS RETURN TO ROME (676) 296

V. CÆSAR GOES TO RHODES (678-680) 299

VI. CÆSAR PONTIFF AND MILITARY TRIBUNE (680-684) 302

CHAPTER II.

(684-691.)

I. STATE OF THE REPUBLIC (684) 307

II. CONSULSHIP OF POMPEY AND CRASSUS 316

III. CÆSAR QUESTOR (686) 323

IV. THE GABINIAN LAW (687) 327

V. THE MANILIAN LAW (688) 330

VI. CÆSAR CURULE ÆDILE (689) 334

VII. CÆSAR _Judex Quæstionis_ (660) 339

VIII. CONSPIRACIES AGAINST THE SENATE (690) 340

IX. THE DIFFICULTY OF CONSTITUTING A NEW PARTY 342

CHAPTER III.

(691-695.)

I. CICERO AND ANTONIUS CONSULS (691) 345

II. AGRARIAN LAW OF RULLUS 347

III. TRIAL OF RABIRIUS (691) 352

IV. CÆSAR GRAND PONTIFF (691) 354

V. CATILINE’S CONSPIRACY 357

VI. ERROR OF CICERO 379

VII. CÆSAR PRÆTOR (692) 381

VIII. ATTEMPT OF CLODIUS (692) 386

IX. POMPEY’S TRIUMPHAL RETURN (692) 388

X. DESTINY REGULATES EVENTS 397

CHAPTER IV.

(693-695.)

I. CÆSAR PROPRÆTOR IN SPAIN (693) 402

II. CÆSAR DEMANDS A TRIUMPH AND THE CONSULSHIP (694) 409

III. ALLIANCE OF CÆSAR, POMPEY, AND CRASSUS 413

IV. CÆSAR’S ELECTION 418

CHAPTER V.

CONSULSHIP OF CÆSAR AND BIBULUS (695).

I. ATTEMPTS AT CONCILIATION 421

II. AGRARIAN LAWS 424

III. CÆSAR’S VARIOUS LAWS 432

IV. CÆSAR RECEIVES THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GAULS 445

V. OPPOSITION OF THE PATRICIANS 448

VI. LAW OF CLODIUS--EXILE OF CICERO 456

VII. THE EXPLANATION OF CÆSAR’S CONDUCT 460