Chapter XIII: The Colony of New York

1628-1775.

Settlement of New York by the Dutch in 1609.--Negroes
introduced into the Colony, 1628.--The Trade in Negroes
increased.--Tobacco exchanged for Slaves and
Merchandise.--Government of the Colony.--New Netherland
falls into the Hands of the English, Aug. 27, 1664.--Various
Changes.--New Laws adopted.--Legislation.--First
Representatives elected in 1683.--In 1702 Queen Anne
instructs the Royal Governor in Regard to the Importation of
Slaves.--Slavery Restrictions.--Expedition to effect the
Conquest of Canada unsuccessful.--Negro Riot.--Suppressed by
the Efficient Aid of Troops.--Fears of the Colonists.--Negro
Plot of 1741.--The Robbery of Hogg's House.--Discovery of a
Portion of the Goods.--The Arrest of Hughson, his Wife, and
Irish Peggy.--Crimination and Recrimination.--The
Breaking-out of Numerous Fires.--The Arrest of Spanish
Negroes.--The Trial of Hughson.--Testimony of Mary
Burton.--Hughson hanged.--The Arrest of Many Others
implicated in the Plot.--The Hanging of Cæsar and
Prince.--Quack and Cuffee burned at the Stake.--The
Lieutenant-Governor's Proclamation.--Many White Persons
accused of being Conspirators.--Description of Hughson's
Manner of swearing those having Knowledge of the
Plot.--Conviction and Hanging of the Catholic Priest
Ury.--The Sudden and Unexpected Termination of the
Trial.--New Laws more stringent toward Slaves adopted. 134

CHAPTER XIV.

THE COLONY OF MASSACHUSETTS.

1633-1775.

The Earliest Mentions of Negroes in Massachusetts.--Pequod
Indians exchanged for Negroes.--Voyage of the Slave Ship
"Desire" in 1638--Fundamental Laws adopted.--Hereditary
Slavery--Kidnapping Negroes--Growth of Slavery in the
Seventeenth Century--Taxation of Slaves--Introduction of
Indian Slaves prohibited.--The Position of the Church
respecting the Baptism of Slaves--Slave Marriage--Condition
of Free Negroes--Phillis Wheatley the African Poetess.--Her
Life--Slavery recognized in England in Order to be
maintained in the Colonies--The Emancipation of
Slaves.--Legislation favoring the Importation of White
Servants, but prohibiting the Clandestine bringing-in of
Negroes.--Judge Sewall's Attack on Slavery.--Judge Saffin's
Reply to Judge Sewall. 172

CHAPTER XV.

THE COLONY OF MASSACHUSETTS,--CONTINUED.

1633-1775.

The Era of Prohibitory Legislation against Slavery.--Boston
instructs her Representatives to vote against the
Slave-Trade.--Proclamation issued by Gov. Dummer against the
Negroes, April 13, 1723.--Persecution of the
Negroes.--"Suing for Liberty."--Letter of Samuel Adams to
John Pickering, jun., on Behalf of Negro Memorialists.--A
Bill for the Suppression of the Slave-Trade passes.--Is
vetoed by Gov. Gage, and fails to become a Law. 220

CHAPTER XVI.

THE COLONY OF MARYLAND.

1634-1775.

Maryland under the Laws of Virginia until 1630.--First
Legislation on the Slavery Question in 1637-38--Slavery
established by Statute in 1663--The Discussion of
Slavery.--An Act passed encouraging the Importation of
Negroes and White Slaves in 1671.--An Act laying an Impost
on Negroes and White Servants imported into the
Colony.--Duties imposed on Rum and Wine.--Treatment of
Slaves and Papists.--Convicts imported into the Colony--An
Attempt to justify the Convict-Trade.--Spirited
Replies.--The Laws of 1723, 1729, 1752.--Rights of
Slaves--Negro Population in 1728.--Increase of Slavery in
1750--No Efforts made to prevent the Evils of Slavery.--The
Revolution nearing.--New Life for the Negroes. 238

CHAPTER XVII.

THE COLONY OF DELAWARE.

1636-1775.

The Territory of Delaware settled in part by Swedes and
Danes, anterior to the Year 1638.--The Duke of York
transfers the Territory of Delaware to William Penn.--Penn
grants the Colony the Privilege of Separate
Government.--Slavery introduced on the Delaware as early as
1636.--Complaint against Peter Alricks for using Oxen and
Negroes belonging to the Company.--The First Legislation on
the Slavery Question in the Colony.--An Enactment of a Law
for the Better Regulation of Servants.--An Act restraining
Manumission. 249

CHAPTER XVIII.

THE COLONY OF CONNECTICUT.

1646-1775.

The Founding of Connecticut, 1631-36.--No Reliable Data
given for the Introduction of Slaves.--Negroes were first
introduced by Ship during the Early Years of the
Colony.--"Committee for Trade and Foreign
Plantations."--Interrogating the Governor as to the Number
of Negroes in the Colony in 1680.--The Legislature (1690)
passes a Law pertaining to the Purchase and Treatment of
Slaves and Free Persons.--An Act passed by the General Court
in 1711, requiring Persons manumitting Slaves to maintain
them.--Regulating the Social Conduct of Slaves in 1723.--The
Punishment of Negro, Indian, and Mulatto Slaves, for the Use
of Profane Language, in 1630.--Lawfulness of Indian and
Negro Slavery recognized by Code, Sept. 5, 1646.--Limited
Rights of Free Negroes in the Colony.--Negro Population in
1762.--Act against Importation of Slaves, 1774. 252