Chapter II: Introduction

By popular tales we mean the stories that are handed down by word of mouth from one generation to another of the illiterate people, serving almost exclusively to amuse and but seldom to instruct. These stories may be roughly divided into three classes: nursery tales, fairy stories, and jests. In countries where the people are generally educated, the first two classes form but one; where, on the other hand, the people still retain the credulity and simplicity of childhood, the stories which with us are confined to the nursery amuse the fathers and mothers as well as the children. These stories were regarded with contempt by the learned until the famous scholars, the brothers Grimm, went about Germany some sixty years ago collecting this fast disappearing literature of the people. The interesting character of these tales, and the scientific value attributed to them by their collectors, led others to follow their footsteps, and there is now scarcely a province of Germany that has not one or more volumes devoted to its local popular tales. The impulse given by the Grimms was not confined to their own country, but extended over all Europe, and within the last twenty years more than fifty volumes have been published containing the popular tales of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Russia, Germany, England, Scotland, France, Biscay, Spain, Portugal, and Greece. Asia and Africa have contributed stories from India, China, Japan, and South Africa. In addition to these we have now to mention what has been done in this field in Italy.

From their very nature the stories we are now considering were long confined to the common people, and were preserved and transmitted solely by oral tradition. It did not occur to any one to write them down from the lips of the people until within the present century. The existence of these stories is, however, revealed by occasional references, and many of them have been preserved, but not in their original form, in books designed to entertain more cultivated readers.[1] The earliest literary collection of stories having a popular origin was made in the sixteenth century by an Italian, Giovan Francesco Straparola, of Caravaggio.[2] It is astonishing that a person of Straparola's popularity should have left behind him nothing but a name. We only know that he was born near the end of the fifteenth century at Caravaggio, now a small town half way between Milan and Cremona, but during the Middle Ages an important city belonging to the duchy of Milan. In 1550 he published at Venice a collection of stories in the style of the _Decameron_, which was received with the greatest favor. It passed through sixteen editions in twenty years, was translated into French and often printed in that language, and before the end of the century was turned into German. The author feigns that Francesca Gonzaga, daughter of Ottaviano Sforza, Duke of Milan, on account of commotions in that city, retires to the island of Murano, near Venice, and surrounded by a number of distinguished ladies and gentlemen, passes the time in listening to stories related by the company. Thirteen nights are spent in this way, and seventy-four stories are told, when the approach of Lent cuts short the diversion. These stories are of the most varied form and origin; many are borrowed without acknowledgment from other writers, twenty-four, for example, from the little known Morlini, fifteen from Boccaccio, Sachetti, Brevio, Ser Giovanni, the Old-French _fabliaux_, the Golden Legend, and the _Romance of Merlin_. Six others are of Oriental origin, and may be found in the _Pantschatantra_, _Forty Viziers_, _Siddhi Kur_, and _Thousand and One Nights_.[3] There remain, then, twenty-nine stories, the property of Straparola, of which twenty-two are _maerchen_, or popular tales. We say "the property" of Straparola: we mean they had never appeared before in the _literature_ of Europe, but they were in no sense original with Straparola, being the common property which the Occident has inherited from the Orient. There is no need of mentioning in detail here these stories as they are frequently cited in the notes of the present work, and one, the original of the various modern versions of "Puss in Boots," is given at length in the notes to Chapter I.[4] Two of Straparola's stories have survived their author's oblivion and still live in Perrault's "_Peau d'Ane_" and "_Le Chat Botte_," while others in the witty versions of Madame D'Aulnoy delighted the romance-loving French society of the seventeenth century.[5] Straparola's work had no influence on contemporary Italian literature, and was soon forgotten,--an unjust oblivion, for to him belongs the honor of having introduced the Fairy Tale into modern European literature. He has been criticised for his style and blamed for his immorality. The former, it seems to us, is not bad, and the latter no worse than that of many contemporaneous writers who have escaped the severe judgment meted out to Straparola.

We find no further traces of popular tales until nearly a century later, when the first edition of the celebrated _Pentamerone_ appeared at Naples in 1637. Its author, Giambattista Basile (known as a writer by the anagram of his name, Gian Alesio Abbattutis), is but little better known to us than Straparola. He spent his youth in Crete, became known to the Venetians, and was received into the _Academia degli Stravaganti_. He followed his sister Adriana, a celebrated cantatrice, to Mantua, enjoyed the duke's favor, roamed much over Italy, and finally returned to Naples, near where he died in 1632.[6] The _Pentamerone_, as its title implies, is a collection of fifty stories in the Neapolitan dialect, supposed to be narrated, during five days, by ten old women, for the entertainment of the person (Moorish slave) who has usurped the place of the rightful princess.[7] Basile's work enjoyed the greatest popularity in Italy, and was translated into Italian and into the dialect of Bologna. It is worthy of notice that the first fairy tale which appeared in France, and was the _avant-coureur_ of the host that soon followed under the lead of Charles Perrault, "_L'Adroite Princesse_," is found in the _Pentamerone_.[8] We know nothing of the sources of Basile's work, but it contains the most popular and extended of all European tales, and must have been in a great measure drawn directly from popular tradition. The style is a wonderful mass of conceits, which do not, however, impair the interest in the material, and it is safe to say that no people in Europe possesses such a monument of its popular tales as the _Pentamerone_. Its influence on Italian literature was not greater than that of Straparola's _Piacevoli Notti_. From the _Pentamerone_ Lorenzo Lippi took the materials for the second _cantare_ of his _Malmantile Racquistato_, and Carlo Gozzi drew on it for his curious _fiabe_, the earliest dramatizations of fairy tales, which, in our day, after amusing the nursery, have again become the vehicles of spectacular dramas. Although there is no proof that Mlle. Lheritier and Perrault took their stories from Straparola and the _Pentamerone_, there is little doubt that the French translation of the former, which was very popular (Jannet mentions fourteen editions between 1560 and 1726) awakened an interest in this class of stories, and was thus the origin of that copious French fairy literature, which, besides the names mentioned above, includes such well-known writers as Mde. D'Aulnoy, the Countess Murat, Mlle. De La Force, and Count Caylus, all of whom drew on their Italian prototypes more or less.[9]

Popular as were the two collections above mentioned they produced but one imitation, _La Posillecheata_, a collection of five stories in the Neapolitan dialect and in the style of the _Pentamerone_, by Pompeo Sarnelli, Bishop of Bisceglie, whose anagram is Masillo Reppone. The first edition appeared at Naples in 1684, and it has been republished twice since then at the same place. The work is exceedingly coarse, and has fallen into well-deserved oblivion.[10]

Nearly two centuries elapsed before another collection of Italian tales made its appearance. The interest that the brothers Grimm aroused in Germany for the collection and preservation of popular traditions did not, for obvious reasons, extend to Italy. A people must first have a consciousness of its own nationality before it can take sufficient interest in its _popular_ literature to inspire even its scholars to collect its traditions for the sake of science, to say nothing of collections for entertainment. In 1860, Temistocle Gradi, of Siena, published in his _Vigilia di Pasqua di Ceppo_, eight, and in his _Saggio di Letterature varie_, 1865, four popular tales, as related in Siena. These were collected without any other aim than that of entertainment, but are valuable for purposes of comparison. No attempt at a scientific collection of tales was made until 1869, when Professor De Gubernatis published the _Novelline di Santo Stefano_, containing thirty-five stories, preceded by an introduction on the relationship of the myth to the popular tale. This was the forerunner of numerous collections from the various provinces of Italy, which will be found noted in the Bibliography. The attention of strangers was early directed to Italian tales, and the earliest scientific collection was the work of two Germans, Georg Widter and Adam Wolf, who published a translation of twenty-one Venetian tales in the _Jahrbuch fuer romanische und englische Literatur_, Vol. VII. (1866), pp. 1-36, 121-154, 249-290, with comparative notes by R. Koehler. In the same volume were published, pp. 381-400, twelve tales from Leghorn, collected by Hermann Knust; and finally the eighth volume of the same periodical, pp. 241-260, contains three stories from the neighborhood of Sora, in Naples. In 1867 Schneller published at Innsbruck a German translation of sixty-nine tales, collected by him in the Italian Tyrol. Of much greater interest and importance than any of the above are the two volumes of Sicilian tales, collected and translated into German by Laura Gonzenbach, afterwards the wife of the Italian general, La Racine. There are but two other collections of Italian stories by foreigners: Miss Busk's _Folk-Lore of Rome_, and the anonymous _Tuscan Fairy Tales_ recently published.

The number of stories published, in German and English, is about twice as many as those published in Italian before Pitre's collection, being over four hundred. Pitre contains more than all the previous Italian publications together, embracing over three hundred tales, etc., besides those previously published by him in periodicals and elsewhere. Since Pitre's collection, the three works of Comparetti, Visentini, and Nerucci, have added one hundred and eighty tales, not to speak of wedding publications, containing from one to five stories. It is, of course, impossible to examine separately all these collections,--we will mention briefly the most important. To Imbriani is due the first collection of tales taken down from the mouths of the people and compared with previously published Italian popular tales. In 1871 appeared his _Novellaja fiorentina_, and in the following year the _Novellaja milanese_. These two have been combined, and published as a second edition of the _Novellaja fiorentina_, containing fifty Florentine and forty-five Milanese tales, besides a number of stories from Straparola, the _Pentamerone_, and the Italian novelists, given by way of illustration. The stories are accompanied by copious references to the rest of Italy, and Liebrecht's references to other European parallels. It is an admirable work, but one on which we have drawn but seldom, restricting ourselves to the stories in the various dialects as much as possible. The Milanese stories are in general very poor versions of the typical tales, being distorted and fragmentary. In 1873 Dr. Giuseppe Pitre, of Palermo, well known for his collection of popular Sicilian songs, published three specimens of a collection of Sicilian popular tales, and two years later gave to the world his admirable work, _Fiabe, Novelle e Racconti_, forming vols. IV.-VII. of the _Biblioteca delle Tradizioni populari Siciliane_ per cura di Giuseppe Pitre. It is not, however, numerically that Pitre's collection surpasses all that has previously been done in this field. It is a monument of patient, thorough research and profound study. Its arrangement is almost faultless, the explanatory notes full, while the grammar and glossary constitute valuable contributions to the philology of the Italian dialects. In the Introduction the author, probably for the first time, makes the Sicilian public acquainted with the fundamental principles of comparative mythology and its relation to folk-lore, and gives a good account of the Oriental sources of the novel. He has, it seems to us, very properly confined his notes and comparisons entirely to Italy, with references of course to Gonzenbach and Koehler's notes to Widter-Wolf when necessary. In other words, his work is a contribution to _Italian_ folk-lore, and the student of comparative Aryan folk-lore must make his own comparisons: a task no longer difficult, thanks to the works of Grimm, Hahn, Koehler, Cox, De Gubernatis, etc. The only other collection that need be mentioned here is the one in the _Canti e Racconti del Popolo italiano_, consisting of the first volume of the _Novellino pop. ital._ pub. ed ill. da Dom. Comparetti, and of Visentini's _Fiabe Mantovane_. The stories in both of the above works are translated into Italian. In the first there is no arrangement by locality or subject; and the annotations, instead of being given with each story, are reserved for one of the future volumes,--an unhandy arrangement, which detracts from the value of the work.

We will now turn our attention from the collections themselves to the stories they contain, and examine these first as to their form, and secondly as to their contents.

The name applied to the popular tale differs in various provinces, being generally a derivative of the Latin _fabula_. So these stories are termed _favuli_ and _frauli_ in parts of Sicily, _favole_ in Rome, _fiabe_ in Venice, _foe_ in Liguria, and _fole_ in Bologna. In Palermo and Naples they are named _cunti_, _novelle_ and _novelline_ in Tuscany, _esempi_ in Milan, and _storie_ in Piedmont.[11] There are few peculiarities of form, and they refer almost exclusively to the beginning and ending of the stories. Those from Sicily begin either with the simple "_cc'era_" (there was), or "_'na vota cc'era_" (there was one time), or "_si raccunta chi'na vota cc'era_" (it is related that there was one time). Sometimes the formula is repeated, as, "_si cunta e s' arricunta_" (it is related and related again), with the addition at times of "_a lor signuri_" (to your worships), or the story about to be told is qualified as "_stu bellissimu cuntu_" (this very fine story). Ordinarily they begin, as do our own, with the formula, "once upon a time there was." The ending is also a variable formula, often a couplet referring to the happy termination of the tale and the relatively unenviable condition of the listeners. The Sicilian ending usually is:--

"Iddi arristaru filici e cuntenti,
E nuatri semu senza nenti."

(They remained happy and contented, and we are without anything.) The last line often is "_E nui semu cca munnamu li denti_" (And here we are picking our teeth), or "_Ma a nui 'un ni desinu nenti_" (But to us they gave nothing), which corresponds to a Tuscan ending:--

"Se ne stettero e se la goderono
E a me nulla mi diedero."

(They stayed and enjoyed it, and gave nothing to me.) A common Tuscan ending is:--

"In santa pace pia
Dite la vostra, ch'io detto la mia."

(In holy pious peace tell yours, for I have told mine.) In some parts of Sicily (Polizzi) a similar conclusion is found:--

"Favula scritta, favula ditta;
Diciti la vostra, ca la mia e ditta."

(Story written, story told; tell yours, for mine is told.) So in Venice,--

"Longa la tua, curta la mia;
Conta la tua, che la mia xe finia."

(Long yours, short mine; tell yours, for mine is ended.) The first line is sometimes as follows:--

"Stretto il viuolo, stretta la via;
Dite la vostra, ch'io detto la mia."

(Narrow the path, narrow the way; tell yours, for I have told mine.) The most common form of the above Tuscan ending is:--

"Stretta e la foglia e larga e la via,
Dite la vostra che ho detto la mia."

(Narrow is the leaf, broad is the way, etc.) This same ending is also found in Rome.[12] These endings have been omitted in the present work as they do not constitute an integral part of the story, and are often left off by the narrators themselves. The narrative is usually given in the present tense, and in most of the collections is animated and dramatic. Very primitive expedients are employed to indicate the lapse of time, either the verb indicating the action is repeated, as, "he walked, and walked, and walked," a proceeding not unknown to our own stories, or such expressions as the following are used: _Cuntu 'un porta tempu_, or _lu cuntu 'un metti tempu_, or _'Ntra li cunti nun cc'e tempu_, which are all equivalent to, "The story takes no note of time." These Sicilian expressions are replaced in Tuscany by the similar one: _Il tempo delle novelle passa presto_ ("Time passes quickly in stories"). Sometimes the narrator will bring himself or herself into the story in a very naive manner; as, for example, when a name is wanted. So in telling a Sicilian story which is another version of "The Fair Angiola" given in our text, the narrator, Gna Sabbedda, continues: "The old woman met her once, and said: 'Here, little girl, whose daughter are you?' 'Gna Sabbedda's', for example; I mention myself, but, however, I was not there."[13]

If we turn our attention now to the contents of our stories we shall find that they do not differ materially from those of the rest of Europe, and the same story is found, with trifling variations, all over Italy.[14] There is but little local coloring in the fairy tales, and they are chiefly interesting for purposes of comparison. We have given in our text such a copious selection from all parts of the country that the reader can easily compare them for himself with the tales of other lands in their more general features. If they are not strikingly original they will still, we trust, be found interesting variations of familiar themes; and we shall perhaps deem less strange to us a people whose children are still amused with the same tales as our own.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

ARCHIVIO per lo Studio delle Tradizioni popolari. Rivista trimestrale diretta da G. Pitre e S. Salomone-Marino. Palermo, 1882-1885. 8vo.

The following popular tales have been published in the
Archivio: _Novelle popolari toscane_, edited by G. Pitre, vol.
I. pp. 35-69, 183-205, 520-540; vol. II. pp. 157-172. _La
Storia del Re Crin_, collected by A. Arietti [Piedmont], vol.
I. pp. 424-429. _Cuntu di lu Ciropiddhu, novellina popolare
messinese_, collected by T. Cannizzaro, vol. I. pp. 518-519.
_Novelle popolari sarde_, collected by P. E. Guarnerio, vol.
II. pp. 19-38, 185-206, 481-502; vol. III. pp. 233-240. _La
Cenerentola a Parma e a Camerino_, collected by Caterina
Pigorini-Beri, vol. II. pp. 45-58. _Fiabe popolari crennesi_
[_provincia di Milano_], collected by V. Imbriani, vol. II. pp.
73-81. _Fiaba veneziana_ [= Pitre, xxxix.], collected by
Cristoforo Pasqualigo, vol. II. pp. 353-358. _Il Re Porco,
novellina popolare marchigiana_, collected by Miss R. H. Busk,
vol. II. pp. 403-409. _Tre novellini pugliesi di Cerignola_,
collected by N. Zingarelli, vol. III. pp. 65-72. _La Bona Fia,
fiaba veneziana_, collected by A. Dalmedico, vol. III. pp.
73-74. _Tradizioni popolari abruzzesi, Novelle_, collected by
G. Finamore, vol. III. pp. 359-372, 331-350. _I Tre Maghi
ovverosia Il Merlo Bianco, novella popolare montalese_,
collected by G. Nerucci, vol. III. pp. 373-388, 551-568.

BARTOLI, A., E G. SANSONI.

Una novellina e una poesia popolare gragnolesi. Florence, 1881. 8^o. Pp. 15. Per le Nozze Biagi-Piroli. Edizione di 100 copie numerate.

The _novellina_ is a version of Pitre, Nos. 159, 160 ("The
Treasure of Rhampsinitus").

BASILE, GIAMBATTISTA.

Lo Cunto de li Cunti. Overo Lo Trattenemiento de Peccerille. De Gian Alesio Abbattutis. Iornate Cinco. Naples, Per Camillo Cavallo. 1644. 12^o.

Il conto de' conti trattenimento a' fanciulli. Trasportato dalla Napolitana all' Italiana favella, ed adornato di bellissime Figure. Naples, 1784.

La Chiaqlira dla Banzola o per dir mii Fol divers tradutt dal parlar Napulitan in lengua Bulgnesa per rimedi innucent dla sonn, e dla malincunj. Dedica al merit singular dl gentilessem sgnori d' Bulogna. Bologna, 1813. 4^o.

Der Pentamerone oder: Das Maerchen aller Maerchen von Giambattista Basile. Aus dem Neapolitanischen uebertragen von Felix Liebrecht. Nebst einer Vorrede von Jacob Grimm. 2 vols. Breslau, 1846. 8^o.

The Pentamerone, or the Story of Stories, Fun for the Little Ones. By Giambattista Basile. Translated from the Neapolitan by John Edward Taylor. With Illustrations by George Cruikshank. Second edition. London, 1850. 8^o.

Archiv fuer das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Herrig. Vol. XLV. p. 1. Eine neapolitanische Maerchen-sammlung aus der ersten Haelfte des XVII. Jahrhunderts--Pentamerone des Giambattista Basile.

BASILE, GIAMBATTISTA. Archivio di Letteratura popolare. Naples, 1883-85.

A monthly periodical devoted to popular literature. The volumes
which have already appeared contain a large number of popular
tales collected at Naples or in the vicinity.

BERNONI, DOM. GIUSEPPE.

Fiabe popolari veneziane raccolte da Dom. Giuseppe Bernoni. Venice, 1875. 8^o.

Leggende fantastiche popolari veneziane raccolte da Dom. Giuseppe Bernoni. Venice, 1873. 8^o.

Le Strighe: Leggende popolari veneziane raccolte da Dom. Giuseppe Bernoni. Venice, 1874. 16^o.

Tradizioni popolari veneziane raccolte da Dom. Giuseppe Bernoni. Puntate I.-IV. Venice, 1875-77.

BOLOGNINI, DR. NEPOMUCENO.

Fiabe e Legende della Valle di Rendena nel Trentino. Rovereto, 1881. 8^o. Pp. 50. [Estratto dal VII. Annuario della Societa degli Alpinisti Tridentini.]

BUSK, R. H.

Household Stories from the Land of Hofer; or, Popular Myths of Tirol, including the Rose-Garden of King Lareyn. London, 1871. 8^o.

The Folk-Lore of Rome. Collected by word of mouth from the people. By R. H. Busk. London, 1874. 8^o.

CANTI E RACCONTI DEL POPOLO ITALIANO.

See Comparetti and Visentini.

COMPARETTI, DOMENICO.

Novelline popolari italiane pubblicate ed illustrate da Domenico Comparetti. Vol. I. Turin, 1875. 8^o.

In Canti e Racconti del Popolo italiano. Pubblicati per cura di D. Comparetti ed A. D'Ancona. Vol. VI.

COOTE, HENRY CHARLES.

Some Italian Folk-Lore, Folk-Lore Record, I., pp. 187-215.

Notice of Comparetti's Nov. pop. ital., with translations.

CORAZZINI, FRANCESCO.

I Componimenti minori della letteratura popolare italiana nei principali dialetti o saggio di letteratura dialettale comparata. Benevento, 1877. 8^o.

Novelle toscane, beneventane, apicese (Benvento), bolognese,
bergamasca e vicentina. Pp. 409-489.

CORONEDI-BERTI, CAROLINA.

Novelle popolari bolognesi raccolte da Carolina Coronedi-Berti. Bologna, 1874. 8^o.

La Fola del Muretein, Novellina popolare Bolognese. Estratto dalla Rivista Europea. Florence, 1873. 8^o. Pp. 9.

CRANE, T. F.

A Nursery Tale. The Cornell Review, May, 1876, pp. 337-347.

Italian Fairy Tales. St. Nicholas, December, 1878, pp. 101-107.

Italian Popular Tales. North American Review, July, 1876, pp. 25-60.

Le Novelle Popolari Italiane. In Giornale di Sicilia. Palermo. Nos. 186-188, 190, 195, 206, 207, 216, 225, 236, 239, 240. Aug.-Oct., 1877.

Italian translation of above Article.

Recent Italian Popular Tales. The Academy, London, March 22, 1879, pp. 262-263.

Sicilian Folk-Lore. Lippincott's Magazine, October, 1876, pp. 433-443.

Devoted to Pitre's collection.

La Novellistica Popolare di Sicilia per T. F. Crane. Versione dall' Inglese per F. Polacci Nuccio. Estratto dalle Nuove Effemeridi Siciliane, Vol. VI. Palermo, 1877. 8^o. Pp. 26.

Italian translation of above Article.

DE GUBERNATIS, A.

Le Novelline di Santo Stefano raccolte da Angelo De Gubernatis e precedute da una introduzione sulla parentela del mito con la novella. Turin, 1869. 8^o.

See Rivista di Letteratura Popolare.

Zoological Mythology, or the Legends of Animals. By Angelo De Gubernatis. 2 vols. London, 1872. 8^o.

DE NINO, ANTONIO.

Usi e Costumi Abruzzesi. Vol. III. Fiabe. Florence, 1883. 16^o.

FINAMORE, GENNARO.

Tradizioni popolari abruzzesi. Vol. I. Novelle. Prima Parte, Lanciano, 1882. 8^o. Parte seconda, Lanciano, 1885.

FRIZZI, GIUSEPPE.

Novella montanina, Florence, 1876. 8^o. Pp. 36. Edizione di 150 esemplari.

GARGIOLLI, CARLO.

Novelline e Canti popolari delle Marche. Fano, 1878. 8^o. Pp. 18.

Per le Nozze Imbriani-Rosnati.

GIANANDREA, ANTONIO.

Biblioteca delle Tradizioni popolari marchigiane. Novelline e Fiabe popolari marchigiane raccolte e annotate da Antonio Gianandrea. Jesi, 1878. 12^o. Punt. I. pp. 32.

See Academy, March 22, 1879, p. 262.

Della novella del Petit Poucet. In Giornale di Filologia Romanza, II., pp. 231-234.

A few copies were printed separately.

GONZENBACH, LAURA.

Sicilianische Maerchen. Aus dem Volksmund gesammelt von Laura Gonzenbach. Mit Anmerkungen Reinhold Koehler's und einer Einleitung herausgegeben von Otto Hartwig. 2 vols. Leipzig, 1870. 8^o.

GRADI, TEMISTOCLE.

Saggio di Letture varie per i Giovani di Temistocle Gradi da Siena. Turin, 1865. 8^o.

La Vigilia di Pasqua di Ceppo. Otto Novelle di Temistocle Gradi. Coll' aggiunta di due racconti. Turin, 1860. 8^o.

GUARNERIO, P. E.

Una novellina nel dialetto di Luras in Gallura (Sardinia). Milan, 1884. Per le Nozze Vivante-Ascoli. Edizione di soli L. esemplari.

An incomplete version of the Cupid and Psyche myth.

IMBRIANI, VITTORIO.

La Novellaja fiorentina cioe fiabe e novelline stenografate in Firenze dal dettato popolare e corredate di qualche noterella da Vittorio Imbriani. Naples, 1871. Esemplari 150. 16^o.

La Novellaja milanese, esempii e panzane lombarde raccolte nel Milanese da Vittorio Imbriani. Bologna, 1872. Esemplari 40. 8^o.

Paralipomeni alla Novellaja Milanese. Bologna, pp. 9. Tratura a parte del Propugnatore, Vol. VI. Esemplari 30.

'A 'Ndriana Fata. Cunto pomiglianese. Per nozze. Pomigliano d' Arco, 1875. 8^o. Pp. 14. 250 esemplari fuori di commercio.

Due Fiabe Toscane annotate da V. I. Esemplari 100. Naples, 1876. 8^o. Pp. 23.

These _fiabe_ are also in Nerucci, pp. 10, 18.

Dodici conti pomiglianesi con varianti avellinesi, montellesi, bagnolesi, milanesi, toscane, leccesi, ecc. Illustrati da Vittorio Imbriani. Naples, 1877. 8^o.

'E Sette Mane-Mozze. In dialetto di Avellino. Principato Ulteriore. Pomigliano d'Arco, 1877. 8^o. Per le nozze Pitre-Vitrano. Esemplari cc. Fuori commercio.

La Novellaja Fiorentina. Fiabe e Novelline stenografate in Firenze dal dettato popolare da Vittorio Imbriani. Ristampa accresciuta di molte novelle inedite, di numerosi riscontri e di note, nelle quali e accolta integralmente La Novellaja Milanese dello stesso raccoglitore. Leghorn, 1877. 8^o.

IVE, ANTONIO.

Fiabe popolari rovignesi. Per le Nozze Ive-Lorenzetto, XXVIII. Novembre, 1877. Vienna, 1877. 8^o. Pp. 32. Edizione fuori di commercio di soli 100 esemplari.

See Academy, March 22, 1879, p. 262.

Fiabe popolari rovignesi raccolte ed annotate da Antonio Ive. Per le Nozze Ive-Rocco. Vienna, 1878. 8^o. Pp. 26. Edizione fuori di commercio di soli 100 esemplari.

See Academy, March 22, 1879, p. 262

KADEN, WOLDEMAR.

Unter den Olivenbaeumen. Sueditalienische Volksmaerchen. Nacherzaehlt, Leipzig, 1880. 8^o.

Of the forty-four stories in this work thirty-four are
translated from Pitre's Fiabe, six from Comparetti's Nov. pop.
ital., and three from Imbriani's XII. Conti pomig., without any
acknowledgment. This plagiarism was first exposed by R. Koehler
in the Literarisches Centralblatt, 1881, vol. XXXII. p. 337,
and afterwards by Pitre in the Nuove Effemeridi siciliane,
1881.

KNUST, HERMANN.

Italienische Maerchen. (Leghorn.) In Jahrbuch fuer romanische und englische Literatur. Leipzig, 1866. Vol. VII. Pp. 381-401.

KOEHLER, REINHOLD.

Italienische Volksmaerchen. (Sora). In Jahrbuch fuer romanische und englische Literatur. Leipzig, 1867. Vol. VIII. Pp. 241-260.

MARC-MONNIER.

Les Contes de Nourrice de la Sicile, d'apres des recueils nouveaux publies recemment in Italie. Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 Aug., 1875.

Devoted to Pitre's collection.

Les Contes de Pomigliano et la filiation des Mythes populaires. Revue des Deux Mondes, 1 Nov., 1877.

Contes populaires de l'Italie. Les Contes de Toscane et de Lombardie. Revue des Deux Mondes, 1 Dec., 1879.

Devoted to the Novellaja Fiorentina of Imbriani.

Les Contes populaires en Italie. Paris, 1880. 16^o.

Reprint of the above articles.

MOROSI, PROF. DOTT. GIUSEPPE.

Studi sui Dialetti Greci della Terra d' Otranto. Preceduto da una raccolta di Canti, Leggende, Proverbi, e Indovinelli. Lecce, 1870. 4^o. Leggende, pp. 73-77.

NERUCCI, PROF. GHERARDO.

Sessanta novelle popolari montalesi (Circondario di Pistoja). Florence, 1880. 12^o.

Cincelle da Bambini in nella stietta parlatura rustica d' i' Montale Pistolese. Pistoia, 1881. 8^o.

ORTOLI, J. B. FREDERIC.

Les Contes populaires de l'Ile de la Corse. Paris, 1883. 8^o.

Vol. XVI. of Litteratures populaires de toutes les Nations,
Paris, Maisonneuve.

PANZANEGA D' ON RE.

In dialetto di Crenna [Provincia di Milano]. Rome, 1876. 8^o. Pp. 15. 200 esemplari fuori di commercio.

PAPANTI, GIOVANNI.

Novelline popolari livornesi raccolte e annotate da Giovanni Papanti. Leghorn, 1877. 8^o. Pp. 29.

Per le nozze Pitre-Vitrano. Edizione fuori di commercio di soli
150 esemplari.

PELLIZZARI, P.

Fiabe e Canzoni popolari del Contado di Maglie in Terra d' Otranto. Fasc. I. Maglie, 1884. 8^o. Pp. 143.

PITRE, GIUSEPPE.

Saggio (Primo) di Fiabe e Novelle popolari Siciliane raccolte da Giuseppe Pitre. Palermo, 1873. 8^o. Pp. 16.

Nuovo Saggio (Secundo) di Fiabe e Novelle popolari Siciliane raccolte ed illustrate da Giuseppe Pitre. Estratto dalla Rivista di Filologia Romanza, vol. I., fasc. II. e III. Imola, 1873. 8^o. Pp. 34.

Otto Fiabe (Terzo Saggio) e Novelle Siciliane raccolte dalla bocca del Popolo ed annotate da Giuseppe Pitre. Bologna, 1873. Estratto dal Propugnatore, Vol. VI. 8^o. Pp. 42.

Novelline popolari siciliane raccolte in Palermo ed annotate da Giuseppe Pitre. Palermo, 1873. 8^o.

Edizione di soli 100 esemplari.

Fiabe, Novelle e Racconti. 4 vols. Palermo, 1875. 8^o.[B]

Biblioteca delle tradizioni popolari siciliane per cura di
Giuseppe Pitre. Vols. IV.-VII.

[Footnote B: When Pitre is mentioned without any other qualification than that of a numeral, this work is understood.]

La Scatola di Cristallo. Novellina popolare senese raccolta da Giuseppe Pitre. Palermo, 1875. 8^o.

Per le Nozze Montuoro-Di Giovanni.

Cinque novelline popolari siciliane ora per la prima volta pubblicate da G. Pitre. Palermo, 1878. 8^o.

Per le Nozze Salomone Marino-Abate. Ediz. di 50 esemplari. See
Academy, March 22, 1879, p. 262.

Novelline popolari toscane ora per la prima volta pubblicate da G. Pitre. Il Medico grillo. Vocaboli. La Gamba. Serpentino. Palermo, 1878. 8^o. Pp. 16.

Per le Nozze Imbriani-Rosnati. Tirato a soli 25 esemplari.

Una variante toscana della novella del Petit Poucet. 8^o. Pp. 6.

Estratto dalla Rivista di Lett. Pop. Vol. I. pp. 161-166.

La Tinchina dell' alto Mare. Fiaba toscana raccolta ed illustrata da Giuseppe Pitre. Quattrasteriscopoli, 1882. 8^o. Pp. 14.

Per le Nozze Papanti-Giraudini. Esemplari novanta.

Il Zoccolo di Legno, Novella popolare fiorentina. In Giornale Napoletano della Domenica, 2 July, 1882. [= Pitre, Fiabe, No. XIII.]

I tre pareri. Novella popolare toscana di Pratovecchio nel Cosentino. In Giornale Napoletano della Domenica, 20 August, 1882. [= Pitre, Fiabe, No. CXCVII.]

Novelle popolari toscane. Florence, 1885. 16^o.

Collected by Giovanni Siciliano. A few of the stories in this
collection have already been published in the Archivio per lo
Studio delle Tradizioni popolari.

PRATO, STANISLAO.

La Leggenda Indiana di Nala in una Novellina popolare Pitiglianese. 8^o. Pp. 8. Extract from I Nuovi Goliardi.

La Leggenda del Tesoro di Rampsinite nelle varie redazioni Italiane e Straniere. Como, 1882. 8^o. Pp. xii., 51. Edizione di soli 100 esemplari numerati.

Una Novellina popolare monferrina. Como, 1882. 8^o. Pp. 67. Edizione di soli 80 esemplari.

Quattro Novelline popolare livornesi accompagnate da varianti umbre raccolte, pubblicate ed illustrate con note comparative. Spoleto, 1880. Gr. 8^o. Pp. 168.

L' Uomo nella Luna. Fol. pp. 4. Estratto dalla rivista di Ancona: Il Preludio, del 30 gennaio, 1881.

L' Orma del Leone, un racconto orientale nella tradizione popolare. Romania XII., pp. 535-565.

RALSTON, W. R. S.

Sicilian Fairy Tales. Fraser's Magazine, New Series, vol. XIII. 1876, pp. 423-433.

RIVISTA DI LETTERATURA POPOLARE DIRETTA DA G. PITRE, F. SABATINI. Rome, 1877.

Vol. I., pp. 81-86, contains _Novelline di Sto. Stefano di Calcinaia_ in continuation of _Le Novelline di Santo Stefano_, see De Gubernatis; p. 161, G. Pitre, _Una variante toscana della novella del Petit Poucet_; p. 213, R. Koehler _Das Raethselmaerchen von dem ermordeten Geliebten_; p. 266, G. Pitre, _La Lucerna, nov. pop. tosc._; p. 288, F. Sabatini, _La Lanterna, nov. pop. bergamasca_.

ROMANE, QUATTRO NOVELLINE POPOLARI. Nel giornale Il Manzoni (Spoleto), No. 1, 1 Marzo, 1880.

SABATINI, FRANCESCO.

La Lanterna. Novella popolare siciliana pubblicata ed illustrata a cura di Francesco Sabatini. Imola, 1878. 8^o. Pp. 19.

Per le nozzi Salomone-Marino-Abate. Edizione di soli 180
esemplari. See Academy, March 22, 1879, p. 262.

SARNELLI, POMPEO, BISHOP OF BISCEGLIE.

La Posillecheata de Masillo Reppone di Gnanopole. Naples, 1789. In Collezione di tutti li poeti in lingua Napoletana. 28 vols. 12^o. Naples, 1789.

SCALAGERI DELLA FRATTA, CAMILLO.

Sette novellette, non piu ristampate da oltre due secoli, ripubblicate da V. Imbriani. Pomigliano d'Arco, 1875. 8^o. Pp. 15. Soli 150 esemplari.

SCHNELLER, CHRISTIAN.

Maerchen und Sagen aus Waelschtirol. Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Sagenkunde. Gesammelt von Christian Schneller. Innsbruck, 1867. 8^o.

SOMMA, MICHELE.

Cento Racconti per divertire gli amici nelle ore oziose e nuovi brindisi per spasso nelle tavole e nelle conversazioni. Messina, 1883. 16^o.

The book really contains one hundred and thirty-one stories,
and deserves mention here solely for its relation to the class
of stories discussed in Chapter VI.

STRAPAROLA, GIOVAN FRANCESCO.

Piacevoli Notti di M. Giovan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio, Nelle quali si contengono le Favole con i loro Enimmi da dieci donne, et da duo giovani raccontate. 2 vols. Venice, Per Comin da Trino di Monferrato, 1562. 8^o.

Le Tredici Piacevolissime Notte di M. Gio: Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio. Divise in due libri... con licenza de' superiori. Venice, 1604. Appresso Zanetto Zanetti. 8^o. Con figure.

Les Facetieuses Nuits de Straparole. Traduites par Jean Louveau et Pierre de Larivey. 2 vols. Paris, 1857. 8^o.

Bibliotheque elzeverienne.

Die Maerchen des Straparola. Aus dem Italienischen, mit Anmerkungen von Dr. F. W. V. Schmidt. Berlin, 1817. 8^o. In Maerchen-Saal. Sammlung alter Maerchen mit Anmerkungen; herausgegeben von Dr. F. W. V. Schmidt. Erster Band.

Giovan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der philosophischen Doctorwuerde in Goettingen von F. W. J. Brakelmann. Goettingen, 1867. 8^o.

TEZA, E.

La Tradizione dei Sette Savi nelle novelline magiare di E. Teza. Bologna, 1874. Pp. 56. Contains: _Mila e Buccia, novellina veneziana_, p. 26; _La Novellina del Papagallo, novellina toscana_, p. 52.

TUSCAN FAIRY TALES (Taken down from the Mouths of the People). With sixteen illustrations by J. Stanley, engraved by Edmund Evans. London, 1880. 16^o.

VENETIAN POPULAR LEGENDS.

The Cornhill Magazine, July, 1875, pp. 80-90.

Devoted to Bernoni's collections.

VISENTINI, ISAIA.

Fiabe Mantovane raccolte da Isaia Visentini. Turin, 1879. In Canti e Racconti del Popolo italiano. Vol. VII.

WIDTER-WOLF.

Volksmaerchen aus Venetian. Gesammelt und herausgegeben von Georg Widter und Adam Wolf. Mit Nachweisen und Vergleichungen verwandter Maerchen von Reinhold Koehler. In Jahrbuch fuer romanische und englische Literatur. Leipzig, 1866. VII. vol., pp. 1-36; 121-154; 249-290.

LIST OF STORIES.

Those marked with an * are translated from the dialect; those in italics are found in the notes.

PAGE
I. * THE KING OF LOVE. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 18, _Lu Re d'Amuri_) 1

II. ZELINDA AND THE MONSTER. (Tuscan, Nerucci, No. 1, _Zelinda e
il Mostro_) 7

III. * KING BEAN. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Fiabe_, No. 17, _El Re
de Fava_) 12

IV. * THE DANCING WATER, THE SINGING APPLE AND THE SPEAKING
BIRD. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 36, _Li Figghi di lu Cavuliciddaru_) 17

V. THE FAIR ANGIOLA. (Sicilian, Gonzenbach, No. 53,
_Von der schoenen Angiola_) 26

VI. THE CLOUD. (Tuscan, Comparetti, No. 32, _La Nuvolaccia_) 30

VII. * THE CISTERN. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 80, _La Jisterna_) 36

VIII. * THE GRIFFIN. (Neapolitan, Imbriani, _Pomiglianesi_,
p. 195, _L'Auciello Crifone_) 40

IX. CINDERELLA. (Tuscan, _Novellaja fiorentina_, p. 151,
_La Cenerentola_) 42

X. * FAIR MARIA WOOD. (Vincenza, Corazzini, p. 484,
_La Bela Maria del Legno_) 48

XI. * THE CURSE OF THE SEVEN CHILDREN. (Bolognese,
Coronedi-Berti, No. 19, _La Maledizion di Set Fiu_) 54

XII. ORAGGIO AND BIANCHINETTA. (Tuscan, _Novellaja
fiorentina_, p. 314, _Oraggio e Bianchinetta_) 58

XIII. THE FAIR FIORITA. (Basilicata, Comparetti, No. 20,
_La Bella Fiorita_) 61

XIV. * BIERDE. (Istrian, Ive, 1877, p. 13, _Bierde_) 68

XV. * SNOW-WHITE-FIRE-RED. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 13,
_Bianca-comu-nivi-russa-comu-focu_) 72

XVI. HOW THE DEVIL MARRIED THREE SISTERS. (Venetian,
Widter-Wolf, No. 11, _Der Teufel heirathet drei Schwestern_) 78

XVII. IN LOVE WITH A STATUE. (Piedmontese, Comparetti,
No. 29, _L'Innamorato d'una Statua_) 85

XVIII. * THIRTEENTH. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 33, _Tridicinu_) 90

XIX. * THE COBBLER. (Milanese, _Novellaja fiorentina_,
p. 575, _El Sciavattin_) 94

XX. SIR FIORANTE, MAGICIAN. (Tuscan, De Gubernatis,
_Sto. Stefano_, No. 14, _Sor Fiorante mago_) 322

XXI. THE CRYSTAL CASKET. (Tuscan, _La Scatola di Cristallo
raccolta da_ G. Pitre) 326

XXII. * THE STEPMOTHER. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 283, _La
Parrastra_) 331

XXIII. * WATER AND SALT. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 10, _L'Acqua
e lu Sali_) 333

XXIV. * THE LOVE OF THE THREE ORANGES. (Istrian, Ive,
1878, p. 3, _L'Amur dei tri Naranci_) 338

XXV. THE KING WHO WANTED A BEAUTIFUL WIFE. (Sicilian, Gonzenbach,
No. 73, _Von dem Koenige, der eine schoene Frau wollte_) 97

XXVI. * THE BUCKET. (Milanese, _Novellaja fiorentina_,
p. 190, _El Sidellin_) 100

XXVII. THE TWO HUMPBACKS. (Tuscan, _Novellaja fiorentina_,
p. 559, _I due Gobbi_) 103

XXVIII. THE STORY OF CATHERINE AND HER FATE. (Sicilian, Gonzenbach,
No. 21, _Die Geschichte von Caterina und ihrem Schicksal_) 105

XXIX. * THE CRUMB IN THE BEARD. (Bolognese, Coronedi-Berti,
No. 15, _La Fola d' Brisla in Barba_) 110

XXX. * THE FAIRY ORLANDA. (Neapolitan, _Novellaja
fiorentina_, p. 333, _'A Fata Orlanna_) 114

XXXI. THE SHEPHERD WHO MADE THE KING'S DAUGHTER LAUGH.
(Sicilian, Gonzenbach, No. 31, _Von dem Schaefer der
die Koenigstochter zum Lachen brachte_) 119

XXXII. THE ASS THAT LAYS MONEY. (Tuscan, Nerucci,
No. 43, _Il Ciuchino caca-zecchini_) 123

XXXIII. * DON JOSEPH PEAR. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 88,
_Don Giuseppi Piru_) 127

XXXIV. PUSS IN BOOTS. (Straparola, XI. 1.) 348

XXXV. * FAIR BROW. (Istrian, Ive, 1877, p. 19, _Biela Fronte_) 131

XXXVI. LIONBRUNO. (Basilicata, Comparetti, No. 41, _Lionbruno_) 136

XXXVII. * THE PEASANT AND THE MASTER. (Sicilian,
Pitre, No. 194, _Lu Burgisi e lu Patruni_) 150

XXXVIII. THE INGRATES. (Piedmontese, Comparetti, No. 67, _Gli Ingrati_) 150

XXXIX. * THE TREASURE. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 138, _La Truvatura_) 156

XL. * THE SHEPHERD. (Milanese, _Novellaja fiorentina_,
p. 572, _El Pegoree_) 156

XLI. * THE THREE ADMONITIONS. (Sicilian, Pitre,
No. 197, _Li tri Rigordi_) 157

XLII. * VINEYARD I WAS AND VINEYARD I AM. (Venetian,
Bernoni, _Trad. pop. venez., Punt._ I. p. 11,
_Vigna era e Vigna son_) 159

XLIII. THE LANGUAGE OF ANIMALS. (Piedmontese,
Comparetti, No. 56, _Il Linguaggio degli Animali_) 161

XLIV. * THE MASON AND HIS SON. (Sicilian, Pitre,
No. 160, _Lu Muraturi e so Figghiu_) 163

XLV. THE PARROT. FIRST VERSION. (Tuscan, Comparetti,
No. 1, _Il Pappagallo_) 168

XLVI. THE PARROT. SECOND VERSION. (Tuscan, Teza,
_La Tradizione dei Sette Savi_, etc., p. 52, _La Novellina
del Papagallo_) 169

XLVII. * THE PARROT WHICH TELLS THREE STORIES. THIRD VERSION.
(Sicilian, Pitre, No. 2, _Lu Pappagaddu chi cunta tri cunti_) 173
First Story of the Parrot 175
Second Story of the Parrot 178
Third Story of the Parrot 180

XLVIII. * TRUTHFUL JOSEPH. (Neapolitan, _Pomiglianesi_,
p. 1, _Giuseppe 'A Vereta_) 184

XLIX. _The Man, the Serpent, and the Fox._ (Otranto,
Morosi, p. 75) 354

L. * THE LORD, ST. PETER, AND THE APOSTLES.
(Sicilian, Pitre, No. 123, _Lu Signuri, S. Petru e
li Apostuli_) 186

LI. THE LORD, ST. PETER, AND THE BLACKSMITH.
(Venetian, Widter-Wolf, No. 5, _Der Herrgott, St.
Peter und der Schmied_) 188

LII. * IN THIS WORLD ONE WEEPS AND ANOTHER LAUGHS.
(Sicilian, Pitre, _Cinque nov. pop. sicil._,
p. 7, _A stu munnu cu' chianci e cu' ridi_) 190

LIII. * THE ASS. (Sicilian, Pitre, _Cinque nov. pop. sicil._,
p. 8, _Lu Sceccu_) 190

LIV. ST. PETER AND HIS SISTERS. (Tyrolese, Schneller,
p. 6, _St. Petrus und seine Schwestern_) 193

LV. * PILATE. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 119, _Pilatu_) 194

LVI. * THE STORY OF JUDAS. (Sicilian, Pitre, vol. I.
p. cxxxviii., _Lu Cuntu di Giuda_) 195

LVII. * DESPERATE MALCHUS. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 120,
_Marcu dispiratu_) 196

LVIII. * MALCHUS AT THE COLUMN. (Venetian, Bernoni,
_Preghiere pop. veneziane_, p. 18, _Malco a la Colona_) 197

LIX. * THE STORY OF BUTTADEU. (Sicilian, Pitre,
vol. I. p. cxxxiii., _La Storia di Buttadeu_) 197

LX. THE STORY OF CRIVOLIU. (Sicilian, Gonzenbach,
No. 85, _Vom Crivoliu_) 198

LXI. THE STORY OF ST. JAMES OF GALICIA. (Sicilian,
Gonzenbach, No. 90, _Die Geschichte von San
Japicu alla Lizia_) 202

LXII. * THE BAKER'S APPRENTICE. (Sicilian, Pitre,
No. 111, _Lu Giuvini di lu Furnaru_) 212

LXIII. * OCCASION. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 124, _Accaciuni_) 215

LXIV. * BROTHER GIOVANNONE. (Sicilian, Pitre, No.
125, _Fra Giugannuni_) 217

LXV. GODFATHER MISERY. (Tuscan, De Gubernatis,
_Sto. Stefano_, No. 32, _Compar Miseria_) 221

LXVI. BEPPO PIPETTA. (Venetian, Widter-Wolf, No. 7, _Beppo Pipetta_) 222

LXVII. * THE JUST MAN. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Trad. pop.
venez., Punt._ I. p. 6, _El Giusto_) 226

LXVIII. * OF A GODFATHER AND A GODMOTHER OF ST. JOHN WHO MADE LOVE.
(Venetian, Bernoni, _Leggende_, p. 3, _De una comare e un
compare de San Zuane che i conversava in fra de lori_) 228

LXIX. * THE GROOMSMAN. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Leggende_,
p. 7, _De un compare de l' anelo ch' el ga struca la
man a la sposa co cativa intenzion_) 231

LXX. * THE PARISH PRIEST OF SAN MARCUOLA. (Venetian, Bernoni,
_Leggende_, p. 17, _De un piovan de San Marcuola, che ga
dito che i morti in dove che i xe i resta_) 234

LXXI. * THE GENTLEMAN WHO KICKED A SKULL. (Venetian,
Bernoni, _Leggende_, p. 19, _De un signor che
ga da 'na peada a un cragno da morto_) 236

LXXII. * _The Gossips of St. John._ (Sicilian, Pitre, No.
110, _Li Cumpari di S. Giuvanni_) 369

LXXIII. * SADDAEDDA. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 128, _Saddaedda_) 238

LXXIV. * MR. ATTENTIVE. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Punt._ II.
p. 53, _Sior Intento_) 240

LXXV. * THE STORY OF THE BARBER. (Sicilian, Pitre,
No. 141, _Lu Cuntu di lu Varveri_) 241

LXXVI. * DON FIRRIULIEDDU. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 130,
_Don Firriulieddu_) 241

LXXVII. LITTLE CHICK-PEA. (Tuscan, _Rivista di Lett.
pop._ I. p. 161, _Cecino_) 242

LXXVIII. * PITIDDA. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 131, _Pitidda_) 248

LXXIX. * THE SEXTON'S NOSE. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 135,
_Lu Nasu di lu Sagristanu_) 250

LXXX. * THE COCK AND THE MOUSE. (Principato Ulteriore,
Imbriani, _Pomiglianesi_, p. 239, _'O Gallo
e 'o Sorece_) 252

LXXXI. * GODMOTHER FOX. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 132,
_Cummari Vurpidda_) 254

LXXXII. * THE CAT AND THE MOUSE. (Sicilian, Pitre,
No. 134, _La Gatta e lu Surci_) 257

LXXXIII. * A FEAST DAY. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Fiabe_,
No. 4, _'Na Giornada de Sagra_) 261

LXXXIV. * THE THREE BROTHERS. (Venetian, Bernoni,
_Trad. pop. venez., Punt._ I. p. 18, _I tre Fradei_) 263

LXXXV. BUCHETTINO. (Tuscan, Papanti, _Novelline pop.
livornesi_, p. 25, _Buchettino_) 265

LXXXVI. * THE THREE GOSLINGS. (Venetian, Bernoni,
_Trad. pop. venez., Punt._ III. p. 65, _Le Tre Ochete_) 267

LXXXVII. * THE COCK. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Trad. pop.
venez., Punt._ III. p. 69, _El Galo_) 270

LXXXVIII. THE COCK THAT WISHED TO BECOME POPE.
(Sicilian, Gonzenbach, No. 66, _Von dem Hahne,
der Pabst werden wollte_) 272

LXXXIX. _The Goat and the Fox._ (Otranto, Morosi, p. 73) 375

XC. _The Ant and the Mouse._ (Otranto, Morosi, p. 73) 376

XCI. * THE COOK. (Milan, _Novellaja fiorentina_, p. 621, _El Coeugh_) 275

XCII. * THE THOUGHTLESS ABBOT. (Sicilian, Pitre,
No. 97, _L' Abbati senza Pinseri_) 276

XCIII. * BASTIANELO. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Fiabe_, No.
6, _Bastianelo_) 279

XCIV. * CHRISTMAS. (Neapolitan, Imbriani, _Pomiglianesi_,
p. 226, _Natale_) 283

XCV. * THE WAGER. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Fiabe_, No.
13, _La Scomessa_) 284

XCVI. * SCISSORS THEY WERE. (Sicilian, Pitre, No.
257, _Forfici foro_) 285

XCVII. * THE DOCTOR'S APPRENTICE. (Sicilian, Pitre,
No. 180, _L' Apprinnista di lu Medicu_) 287

XCVIII. * FIRRAZZANU'S WIFE AND THE QUEEN. (Sicilian,
Pitre, No. 156, _La Mugghieri di Firrazzanu e
la Riggina_) 288

XCIX. * GIUFA AND THE PLASTER STATUE. (Sicilian,
Pitre, No. 190, I, _Giufa e la statua di ghissu_) 291

C. * GIUFA AND THE JUDGE. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 190,
3, _Giufa e lu Judici_) 293

CI. THE LITTLE OMELET. (Tuscan, _Novellaja fiorentina_,
p. 545, _La Frittatina_) 294

CII. * EAT, MY CLOTHES! (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 190, 9,
_Manciati, rubbiceddi mei!_) 296

CIII. GIUFA'S EXPLOITS. (Sicilian, Gonzenbach, No. 37, _Giufa_) 297

CIV. * THE FOOL. (Venetian, Bernoni, _Fiabe_, No. 11, _El Mato_) 302

CV. * UNCLE CAPRIANO. (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 157, _Lu Zu Crapianu_) 303

CVI. * _Peter Fullone and the Egg._ (Sicilian, Pitre, No. 200,
_Petru Fudduni e l' ovu_) 381

CVII. THE CLEVER PEASANT. (Sicilian, Gonzenbach, No.
50, _Vom Klugen Bauer_) 309

CVIII. THE CLEVER GIRL. (Tuscan, Comparetti, No. 43,
_La Ragazza astuta_) 311

CIX. CRAB. (Mantuan, Visentini, No. 41, _Gambara)_ 314

ITALIAN POPULAR TALES