Chapter XVI: Introduction (3)

I do not doubt much that he is waiting for Santo Cildes with the Galician army, who are besieging the Fort at Astorga, to advance and co-operate with him previous to any movement on our part. But this is only guess. I am surprised that the French, who have, I believe, nearly equal numbers, do not attack us before this co-operation can take place, particularly as they do not seem to expect any further reinforcements.

Our posts on the river continue very near each other, very amicably, and literally nothing has been done by posts of any consequence since I wrote to you. The account I sent you was of the Portuguese Army only, and it has since rather increased, as we have left sick and wounded.

The enemy have also some posts at Villa Nueva and Puente de Douro and on the river Adaja....

With regard to the purchase of the majority of Infantry, as I had purchased my Troop, the purchase of a majority of Infantry required no advance. On the contrary, by the regulation there would be a surplus of £500, and my intention was to have remained in the Infantry for some time at least. But other considerations have since decided me not to go into the Infantry at all, except I got a permanent Staff situation, or was quite sure of returning to the Cavalry immediately. I do not quite agree that the command of a Portuguese Battn. would be much less eligible than my present situation, as far as the means of distinguishing myself goes, as I should then have a positive command and responsibility, and now have, nor can have, neither, and it must at last come to that, or to my joining my British Regiment.... Yrs., etc.,

WM. WARRE.

A very dreadful accident happened at Salamanca since we left it. A very large quantity of powder which had been taken in the Fort and was deposited in the Town caught fire and blew up, in consequence of the folly of a Spanish Officer, who was guarding it, smoking. Two streets were, I hear, almost totally destroyed. The whole guard and upwards of 100 Spaniards (inhabitants) killed and wounded, and some soldiers. The town was otherwise very much damaged and all the windows broke, and in the greatest confusion, as everybody fled into the country, many _en chemise_, it having happened at 8 o’clock in the morning. It happened very near one of our hospitals, but fortunately killed very few of our sick or wounded. The weather has latterly been exceedingly hot, and it is very fortunate that we have not been moving, as our people are suffering a good deal from want of wood and water.

_July 14th._—By an intercepted mail from Paris to Madrid which was taken by Longa, who killed the 400 men who escorted it except 12, who, he says, did not show so strong an inclination to leave their bodies there, we have _Moniteurs_ to the 24th, by which it appears that Boney was arrived at Konigsberg. Amongst a great many letters, amatory, friendly, etc., there is one from the Spanish Ambassador at St Petersburg, who describes the state of the Russian Armies as very formidable and in excellent order—both on the frontiers of Poland and Turkey. The Emperor and Romanzow without any boasting, he says, are quietly determined to try the event. They wish to settle matters with Napoleon amicably if possible, but will not even hear of the Commercial system. All the letters complain of not hearing from their friends in Spain, and of the frequent interception of the mails by the Guerillas. Adieu—we have nothing new with this Army. I am well.

* * * * *

SALAMANCA, _July 24, 1812_.

MY DEAR FATHER,

I have very, very great pleasure in communicating to you one of the most decisive and complete victories that was ever gained by the valour and intrepidity of our brave troops, but alas! my exultation and joy are not without great diminution, for our brave and excellent Marshal is severely wounded, as well as a great many of our brave Generals, but for none of course can I feel as I do for our worthy Marshal. It is, however, though painful and severe, not _certainly_ a dangerous wound, and this country, as well as his own, will, I trust, be only temporarily deprived of his most necessary services and example.

We have been terribly harassed since the 16th, day and night, owing to Marmont having crossed the Douro by a skilful movement upon Toro, at which place he sent a force across, and drew our army to that neighbourhood, and then by a forced march returned and crossed at Tordesillas, and immediately commenced his manœuvres to turn the right flank of our army, which forced Lord Wellington gradually to fall back successively behind the Guarena and Tormes.

On the 18th our army made a forward movement towards Alaejos and Nava again, but, the Lt. Division coming up with the enemy at Castrejon, a sharp cannonade and skirmishing took place, and the direction of the Army was altered to the direction of Torrecilla de la Orden, as the enemy seemed determined to move round our flank. (It is necessary to observe that we had retired the night before to Fuente La Peña, Castrello, and Canizal, in consequence of the enemy having crossed at Toro, and were at this time advancing, having heard that he had recrossed again and was at Nava and Alaejos.) Several Divisions were ordered up, and all the Cavalry to support the Lt. Division, but finding the enemy in great force and the ground offering no position, we were forced to retire under a heavy cannonade, which they renewed again as they gained the heights above the river Guarena. But our loss was very trifling indeed considering. Towards evening the enemy endeavoured to move round our left flank with two Divisions, and sent a Brigade to attack a height on which our left rested, but they were charged most gallantly by the 27th and 40th, supported by the 11th and 23rd Portuguese, and completely routed, paying us with great interest for our losses. They lost upwards of 500 men, of which we took 130 prisoners. The Marshal was at this time slightly wounded by a grape shot in the thigh, but very slightly, and we had one Officer killed and about 150 to 160 men killed and wounded. I do not know what our loss was in the whole day.

On the evening of the 19th we saw the whole of the enemy’s army in march to turn our right apparently, and the disposition of our army was altered to La Vallesa, where the next day both armies were at daybreak close together, and a battle seemed inevitable. Lord Wellington began to form on a perfect plan to receive them, and they never had a finer opportunity, but though their whole force seemed to threaten destruction to our right, they suddenly moved off by their left along some heights, and Lord Wellington moved his army, in order of Battle, in two lines, along the plain and halted at night between Cabeça Vellozo and Pitiegna, our people much harassed and fatigued, as the heat was incessant, and no water hardly to be found. But I suppose there never was a more interesting or beautiful sight than that of two hostile armies of upwards of 35,000 men each moving parallel within a mile and a half of each other and often within cannon range.

On the 21st our army was forced to cross the Tormes, by Marmont’s moving round it, and took up a position at night to cover Salamanca, our left to the Tormes, our right to some isolated heights in rear of Calbaraza de Ariba and beyond Na. Senora de la Peña, the enemy moving to the woods nearly ½ way between Alva de Tormes and Calbarasa, having crossed at Ençina. During all these days there was a great deal of skirmishing and cannonading on both sides, and we were all greatly harassed and fatigued, having scarce time to rest or eat, and on horseback all day long, and the troops suffered much from the excessive heat and almost incessant marching.

On the forever glorious 22nd we found the enemy at daybreak in our front, but at a distance, and some skirmishing took place about a hill they had got in our front, which it was as well that we should have. It was, however, strongly supported by them, and Lord Welln. did not think it worth while to lose many lives in retaking it, and our people were ordered to withdraw.

As the morning advanced the enemy got possession, before our people could, of a very strong and commanding height which was on our right, and as they continued to move in that direction the position of our army was altered, and we every instant expected to be attacked, as the enemy had the finest opportunity during this change of position. But it was ordained otherwise by that great and merciful Disposer of all events, and we remained quiet till a little before 4 in the evening, when the enemy opened a most tremendous cannonade upon our whole line from, I should guess, upwards of 50 pieces of cannon, and soon after pushed forward a crowd of sharpshooters, it should appear, however, only to insult our army, as they were not supported, and the heavy columns they had on the hills did not move forward. I suppose that Monr. Marmont, with French insolence, thought, because we had not attacked him before, and had moved back to counter manœuvre him and to avoid being turned, that we were afraid of him, and that he could thus insult us with impunity, but retribution was at hand, and before sunset he was doomed to pay most dearly for his impertinence by the entire ruin of his army and loss of at least ⅓ of it.

About 5 o’clock Lord Wellington ordered our lines to advance, having previously detailed the 3rd Division and all our Cavalry to turn the enemy’s left.

The Army moved forward most gallantly under a heavy cannonade to the attack of the heights on which the enemy was posted, at the same time that Major General Pakenham with the 3rd Div. attacked the height on their left and succeeded in forcing it notwithstanding the enemy’s obstinate resistance, and afterwards advanced along their line, completely doubling it up, as the rest of the army advanced in its front. As we came near, they kept up a most galling fire of grape and musquetry on our line, and in many places stood most gallantly, but it was impossible to resist the steady though impetuous advance of our brave troops, which no loss can make waver or delay, and they were soon driven from their first position to a second behind the right of it, which, our troops being reformed, was successively attacked, and at last carried, notwithstanding our people being sometimes repulsed by the gallant charges of the enemy and the heavy fire of Artillery to which they were exposed in advancing.

It was near sunset, and in endeavouring to make a Portuguese Brigade charge the enemy, (who were driving the 4th Division back with 5 Bns.) in flank, that our excellent Marshal was wounded, while exerting himself, as he always does with the greatest zeal and gallantry, and by his noble example, to cover the 4th Divn. by this flank charge. But they soon rallied and regained the ground they had lost by the sudden attack of the enemy, and the heights were retaken just as the Marshal was hit.

I was obliged to quit the field with him, and with some difficulty got him to the rear, and to this place at 11 at night, after having his wounds drest on the road.

The battle, however, continued with unabated fury till late in the evening, and the enemy fought at last from despair, but pursued with undiminished ardour by our troops, notwithstanding the fatigue they had gone through. They at last broke and fled in all directions in the most compleat confusion and dismay, followed by our people, who only halted for the night at two leagues beyond the field in which the battle commenced, and next day, yesterday, Lord Wellington continued the pursuit with 10,000 men to near Peñazanda, where the enemy had taken up a position. Several partial engagements have taken place since, in which both our Cavalry and Infantry have constantly routed the enemy, who now desert to us in hundreds every hour.

Marmont is said to have died of his wound. We know he had lost an arm.

The enemy have left upwards, I hear, of 5000 dead on the field on these three days. We have taken 1 General, 2 Eagles, 2 Standards, 20 guns, and near 6000 prisoners, but this as well as our loss, which is computed at 3000 killed and wounded, (but a very large proportion of General Officers) I tell you from hearsay, as I have not been able to leave the Marshal since, and the _Gazette_ will tell you better, but I believe it to be nearly true. Of the Prisoners, 4000 and odd hundred have been sent off from hence to the rear, and 1500 were taken in one bunch by the 4th Dragoons, or Heavy Germans, yesterday evening, and I should think I do not exaggerate at all in stating the loss of the French at from 15 to 16,000 men. There never was a more compleat rout. They are flying in all directions, and either come or are brought in in hundreds at a time. I am much annoyed at being here at such a moment, but more a thousand times at the cause.

I need say nothing in praise of the allied troops: their conduct and the event speaks stronger in their favour than any words of mine could. Our Cavalry constantly charged their Infantry and Cavalry, and upset everything that opposed them. I am very sorry indeed to tell you that poor General Le Marchant was killed charging at the Head of his Brigade with his usual gallantry and judgment. He is universally regretted, and in him the service has lost one of its best Cavalry Officers. I feel very much for his unfortunate young family now left without father or mother.

Generals Leith, Cole, Sir Stapleton Cotton, are also here wounded but not dangerously, and Maj.-General Victor Allen badly. We hear that Marmont is dead of his wounds. It is, I believe, certain that he lost an arm, which makes this likely. Nearly the whole of the enemy’s Baggage was taken by the Portuguese 3 Regts. of Cavalry under D’Urban, who behaved very well indeed, and twice charged the enemy’s Infantry, and once their Cavalry, with compleat success, and the General speaks in the highest terms of them.

I mentioned that we remained quiet all day nearly till 4 o’clock, but it was not so, as there was a great deal of skirmishing and cannonading at times. The battle made me forget, I suppose, all the rest.

I am very well. I was nearly knocked up by the constant fatigue and exposure to the sun, but the victory set me nearly right again, and the rest we have had here the last two days entirely so. I cannot be enough grateful to Almighty God for his infinite goodness and protection for the last fortnight, and particularly during the hard fought battle, but I escaped very well with two shots on my sword scabbard, and one thro’ my holster, which is as near as I ever wish to have them.

The Marshal is quite free from fever, and doing as well as possible. The ball entered the side below the left breast, and, slanting round the external part of the ribs, was cut out at the back about 4 inches below. The bone is not supposed to be injured at all, and it is thought that the ball went round it thro’ the muscles. His wound in the thigh, which was very slight, is nearly quite well.

Being separated from Hd. Qrs. we find great difficulty in sending our letters, and I much fear may miss the Officer who is to carry the despatches.... I wrote a few lines to ... and sent them off yesterday to take their chance of finding him still at Hd. Qrs. I should also have written to you, but that I have not been able to leave the Marshal a moment, and am now writing close to him, and constantly interrupted, which will, I hope, excuse this incoherent epistle.

General Leith is doing very well indeed, and it is now found that the ball has not hurt the elbow joint. Of all our other friends I dare say nothing, for all I know is from hearsay, and may be wrong, and of those that are hurt the _Gazette_ will too soon give the distressing account.

I saw Ferguson the 21st. He was quite well. I have not heard of him since, but I hope that he is not hurt. The Guards have, I hear, lost very few Officers. I only know of a Mr White of the 3rd Guards Lt. Company being wounded.

_25th._—The Marshal continues to go on as well as possible and has no fever. Generals Leith, Cotton, Cole, also are doing well. Yrs., etc.,

WM. WARRE.

Lord Wellington is continuing the pursuit of the enemy, who are retiring in great confusion. He was shot thro’ his Cloak and Holsters during the action, but, thank God, not hurt.

* * * * *

SALAMANCA, _July 27, 1812_.

MY DEAR FATHER,

I wrote to you on the 24th an account of the most glorious and decisive battle of the 22nd, and also telling you of our worthy Marshal being severely wounded. I am now most happy to be able to assure you that he is very much better, and doing as well as possible, is quite free from fever, and has kept very well. The ball does not appear to have touched the ribs, but to have gone round the muscles of the side. Lord Wellington has continued the pursuit of the enemy, who has retired in great confusion, and his Lordship was yesterday at Aldea Seca. Joseph Buonaparte had advanced to reinforce Marmont, but hearing of his disaster had retired, not before we had taken one of his Picquets.

I have not yet seen any return of the loss on either side. I believe ours to be between 3 and 4000 killed and wounded. Poor Le Marchant, whose son has just left me to return to England, was killed charging most gallantly at the head of his Brigade, and is a great loss to the Service (as he was an excellent Officer), and to his numerous family, who are now without father or mother. I pity them from my soul. Sir Stapleton Cotton, Genls. Leith, Cole, and Victor Allen, who are here, are doing very well. Leith’s wound is a severe one through his arm obliquely, but it has not broken the bone. His nephew Leith Hay is wounded, not badly, through the leg. The town is full of wounded Officers, who are mostly doing very well indeed. Poor Antonio de Lacerda’s son died, and he is himself here wounded. The son was a remarkably fine gallant lad, and the poor father is in great affliction.

The Enemy continue their retreat towards Madrid. We calculate their total loss at 15,000. We have 2 Generals, 2 Eagles, 2 Standards, 19 guns, and upwards of 6000 prisoners, and from the appearance of the field of battle, I should suppose they had left 1500 to 2000 dead on the field besides what they lost after they retired from their last position, and in the subsequent pursuit, in which they have been followed up very close, and compleatly routed whenever our advance has been able to come up with their rear-guard. Marmont, Bonnet, Clauzel, Thomier, are said to be badly wounded, besides Carrière and Gravier wounded and taken. The latter, I believe, is dead since.

Owing to the Army having advanced and the few means of transport, many of the wounded, particularly of the French, have suffered horribly, for, three days after, I saw a great many still lying, who had received no assistance or were likely to till next day, and had lain scorching in the sun without a drop of water or the least shade. It was a most dreadful sight. These are the horrid miseries of war. No person who has not witnessed them can possibly form any idea of what they are. Humanity shudders at the very idea, and we turn with detestation and disgust to the sole author of such miseries. What punishment can be sufficient for him! Many of the poor wretches have crawled to this. Many made crutches of the barrels of the firelocks and their shoes. Cruel and villainous as they are themselves, and even were during the action to our people, one cannot help feeling for them and longing to be able to assist them. But our own people have suffered almost as much, and they are our first care.

I am very well and have quite recovered the fatigue we went through for several days, but I am most happy that the Marshal is doing so well. During the action I escaped quite providentially, as I have a shot through my holster and two on my sword scabbard, but as long as they keep at that distance I shall be very well satisfied.

I think we shall remain here quietly for some weeks. Indeed I do not think Ld. Wn. can pursue them much further, as they are moving back upon their reinforcements, and have the strong passes of Guadalajara in their rear, and, besides that, our troops must have some rest, having been so much harassed lately.

What may be the consequences of this splendid victory it is not easy to say. They must be very great, for we have never gained a more decisive or more compleat one, or followed it up so rapidly. I think it must bring Soult up from the South and raise the siege of Cadiz. Marmont’s Army is quite crippled for a time, having lost all its baggage and so many guns and men. They were joined by about 1500 Cavalry and some guns the Evening of the Action, which were beat next day.

Young Cowell is here unwell, but not wounded, and is getting well fast. I shall take care of him. The Guards were scarcely engaged and have lost few men and no Officer that I have heard of. My friend Jackson is quite well. Pray, if any Officer should be coming to the Army, send me 2 lb. of good black Tea. It will be a great treat. Yrs., etc.,

WM. WARRE.

Molloy was taken for a minute by the French Cavalry, but got off. I am very anxious to hear if you have done anything about the appointment I mentioned to the Cape. This action has confirmed my opinion that we may be shot at all day and exert ourselves as much as we please, [but according to the] proverb, “It is a bad thing to be second fiddles to a second fiddle.”

* * * * *

EXTRACT FROM LETTER TO SISTER

SALAMANCA, _Aug. 29th, 1812_.

While you were amusing yourself with quizzing your brother Wm. and abusing him for not being in love with Honour and Glory, I was straining my arms to reach one little leaf of the laurel tree, which, to a fanciful imagination, is considered a sort of introduction to those gentlemen. Lo! while you and ... were trembling at the rolling of the thunderstorm, and ... thinking of Honour and Glory, I was amused by an equally loud though less innocent storm from about 70 pieces of cannon, of which 50 belonged to the adverse gods who fulminated us for 7 hours, as hard as they could, and with malice prepense, but with very little effect except the effect of the sublime, of which there was a good deal, for I think it combined so much of beauty and grandeur and _Awe_ that certainly Edmund Burke would have classed it with the sublime. As for Beauty, _ça va sans dire_. You cannot think how beautiful it is to be cannonaded all day, being very tired and hungry, and at 5 P.M. instead of setting to to eat a good dinner, to set to to give the French a good beating in a very strong position, which, however, is the best part of the whole _divertissement_, and though Ld. Welln. naturally got all the Laurels, it was a most glorious business, and would almost put _even me_ in conceit with Honor and Glory....

Since then we have been very peaceably settled here, and the Marshal recovering very fast from the delightful effects of Honor and Glory. I rather expect in a few days we shall leave this for Lisbon by Oporto. It will be an exceedingly interesting journey as, not being able yet to ride, he goes in a carriage as far as _San Joaô da Pesqueira_ (_vide_ the map), and from thence down the Douro, which is beautiful, to Oporto, and from thence in some ship of war to Lisbon. The only thing I am sorry for is not seeing Segovia or Madrid.

* * * * *

EXTRACT FROM LETTER TO SISTER.

(?) SALAMANCA, _Sept. 2nd, 1812_.

We leave this to-morrow morning for Porto on our way to Lisbon. We go down the Douro, which at this time of year is quite beautiful, and I think altogether this jaunt promises to be very pleasant, and, if the sea voyage agrees with me, and that the Marshal remains any time at Lisbon, you must not be astonished if I pay you a visit for three weeks or a month, but this is a great secret yet. Say nothing about it to anybody, till I see how things are, when we arrive at Lisbon, as everything must depend upon that. The Marshal and myself are again upon excellent terms. We have great battles sometimes, but they never last very long....

Of Public news I have not a word to send you. The enemy have evacuated Zamora, and are preparing to retire again on any motion of Lord Wellington’s towards Burgos.

Of the six divisions which formerly composed that Army of Portugal (Marmont’s) it has now only 3 Divns. commanded by Foy, Maucune, and Clausel. The latter commands _ad interim_, till Bonnet recovers from his wounds. Marmont has asked for leave to return to France for the recovery of his health. His wounds are of a very bad nature. The whole army is of about 15,000 men (out of 42,000) and about 1700 Cavalry, and do not seem at all inclined to fight against English honour and glory again. King Joseph is at Valencia. Lord William [Bentinck] at Madrid, but some of our Divisions have moved towards the Douro to drive the enemy further back. They will retire, I am sure, as soon as these seem to advance in earnest. We are in hourly expectation of hearing that the enemy have raised the siege of Cadiz and have abandoned Andalusia. Everything seemed to indicate their intention of doing so. And we have a proclamation of Soult’s, in which he avows it, and endeavours to _console_ the Spaniards for his absence, and promises to return _as soon as he can_, good natured soul!

I have just seen the garrison of Guadalaxara marched in. About 800 men, a great part renegade Spaniards, and in most miserable plight, as their better countrymen have plundered them of everything, and I don’t pity them. I hate a traitor worse than a Frenchman. There is a General with them and some field Officers, etc., etc.

TO ILLUSTRATE THE PENINSULAR WAR.]

INDEX

Abrantes, 41, 77, 79, 89, 213

Abrantes, Marquez de, 38

Acland, his brigade at Ramsgate, 1;
at Porto Novo, 18;
at the battle of Vimiero, 31

Adaja river, 275, 281, 282

Adam, Captain, of H.M.S. _Resistance_, 2;
his appearance, 3

Adamson, Mr, 16

Agueda, 117, 148, 246, 248;
bridges across the, 134, 136;
crossing the, 258

Alaejos, 274, 285

Alba de Tormes, defeat at, 45

Alberca, 158

Albuera, 268;
battle of, 179, 186

Albuquerque, 257

Albuquerque, Duke of, 58;
at Cadiz, 109

Alcobaça, 18

Aldea Nueva, 263

Aldea Nueva de Figueroa, 271

Aldea Rubia, 264

Aldea Seca, 292

Alemtejo, insurrection in, 18;
frontier of, 116

Alfaiates, 140, 248, 252

Algardon, fords of, 143

Algarve brigade, 61, 97

Alhandra, 172

Allen, Captain, wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Talavera,
69

Allen, Maj.-gen. Victor, wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 290, 293

Almaraz, 69, 70;
bridge over the, destroyed, 220;
victory at, 254;
number of killed and wounded, 255

Almeida, 41, 137, 246, 248;
siege of, 103, 117, 155, 179, 218;
journey to, 139-141;
surrender of, 162, 166;
escape of the French, 179

Almendralejo, 232

Alorna, Marquez d’, 149, 166

Alumeda, 142, 143, 146, 148

Alva de Tormes, 286

Alvez, Pedro, 54, 55, 60, 82, 93

Amarante, attack on, 61

_Amazon_, the, 55, 59

America, invasion of the Spanish colonies in, 1

Amoral, Captain Julio Cæsar d’, killed at the siege of Badajos, 239

Ancede, 62

Andalusia, 22, 251, 298;
invasion of, 103, 109

Anderson, Lieut., wounded at the battle of Talavera, 69

Anstruther, his brigade at Harwich, 1;
at Porto Novo, 18

Aragon, 223

Archer, Mrs William, 23

Archibald, W., 34

Archidiacono, 263

Arçobispo, bridge of, 69, 70, 71, 255

Aremberg, Prince d’, at Lisbon, 210

Arenschild, Captain, at Coimbra, 56

Arilez, Colonel d’, 154

Army, new regulations for the, 64

Arouca, 102, 107

Arroio del Molino, prisoners taken at, 210

Astorga, 272;
fall of, 103, 123;
fort at, besieged, 282

Asturias, the, 223, 266, 268

Atalaya, 157

Austria, peace with France, 45, 96, 103

Avanilla, 46

Avelans da Ribeira, 158

Azara river, 141, 142

Badajos, 22, 89;
French advance on, 110;
siege of, 178, 179, 219, 229, 231-241;
raised, 179, 185;
number of killed and wounded, 219, 233, 234, 237, 243, 245;
capture of, 241-247;
in a state of defence, 251

Baird, Sir David, at Corunna, 43;
at Mayorga, 43;
loss of his arm at the battle of Corunna, 50

Balgonie, Lord, 197

Ball, a charity, 13, 15

Ballasteros, defeated in the Sierra Morena, 120;
enters Seville, 248;
advance to, 251

Baltic, the, 2

Baños, pass of, 71, 75

Barceiros, Captain, killed at the siege of Badajos, 239

Barcelona, 41

Barcilha, 147

Barcinha, 79

Barclay, Lieut.-col., wounded at the battle of Coa, 154

_Barfleur_, H.M.S., 44

Barretto, Major, of artillery, his treachery, 166, 167

Bath, 52

Bayonne, 110

Beira, the, 116

Bejar mountains, 260

Belem, 169

Bell, John, 127

Benevente, 203

Benito, John, 55, 63, 256

Bentinck, Lord William, at Madrid, 298

Bernardo, Frè, 121

Beresford, Marshal, 19;
at the battle of Corunna, 44;
at Plymouth, 44;
appointed commander-in-chief of the Portuguese army, 44;
retreat towards Salvaterra, 72;
his discipline of the Portuguese army, 78, 89, 100, 128;
at Torres Novas, 97;
treatment by both Governments, 100;
tour of the Northern Province, 102;
reception at Oporto, 106;
characteristics, 106;
at Arouca, 107;
Vizeu, 119;
knighted, 169;
recaptures Campo Mayor and Olivença, 178;
lays siege to Badajos, 178, 179, 219, 231;
at Albuera, 179;
effect on his health of the siege of Badajos, 180;
improved health, 190, 196;
approbation of his country, 190;
at Lisbon, 192;
Cintra, 195;
title of Count of Francozo, 201;
attack of low fever, 206, 210, 213;
wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 221, 284, 285, 288, 291;
at Nava del Rey, 274;
La Seca, 275

Bertie, Mr, 277

Bessières, detachments from, 179

Bettrão, Frè Bernardo, 29, 39

Blake, General, defeated at Grenada, 204

Bodmin, 177

Bonnet, in the Asturias, 266, 268;
wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 293

Borde, de la, 18

Bouverie, Captain, of the _Medusa_, 181

Bowes, General, at the battle of Vimiero, 31;
wounded at the siege of Badajos, 243, 246;
killed at the siege of Salamanca, 267

_Braave_, the, 182

Bradford, Captain, killed at the battle of Roliça, 24

Braga, 60

Braganza, 121, 157

Brennier, General, taken prisoner at the battle of Vimiero, 27, 35;
his escape from the siege of Almeida, 179

Brest fleet, escape from, 54

Bron, General, 210

Brown, Colonel, 25

Brown, Major, 89

Brown, H., 123

Brown, John, 216

Bucellas, 172

Buenos Ayres, 28

Buonaparte, King Joseph. See JOSEPH

Burgh, Captain, 168

Burgos, 272;
defeat at, 43

Burrard, Sir Harry, 17;
his action after the battle of Vimiero, 19

Bussaco, 104;
number of killed at, 170

Butler, James, 55

Cabeça, Vellozo, 286

Caçeres, 232, 257;
attack on, 117

Cadiz, 2, 6, 109;
siege of, 103, 109, 295, 298

Calbaraza de Ariba, 286

Calvert, General, 5

Campbell, Augustus, 156

Campbell, John, 114, 164, 228

Campbell, Robert, at the siege of Badajos, 241

Campbell, W., 144

Campbell, Lieut.-col., 116

Campo Mayor, 180, 186;
recaptured, 178;
reconnaissance on, 188

Canizal, 285

Carpio, 142

Carrera, General, 143

Carrière, wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Salamanca, 293

Carvalhos or Carvalhal, 155

Casal Eschin, 171

Castanhos, General, his army, 22, 23;
march on Madrid, 22;
character, 186

Castello Branco, 73, 75, 77, 79, 140, 249

Castille, 69, 71, 76, 220

Castillejos de Morisco, 262

Castlereagh, Lord, 229

Castrejon, 285

Castrello, 285

Castrillo, 271

Castro, Principe al, 38

Catalonia, 187

Catano, St, Fort of, 269

Caxias, 195

Celorico, 120, 124, 131, 134

Cercal, 18

Charlot, General, taken prisoner at the battle of Vimiero, 27

_Chasse au Sanglier_, 252

Chaves, 57

Christopher’s Fort, St, 232, 239, 243

Christoval de la Cuesta, St, 262

Cintra, Convention of, 19;
result, 36;
climate, 195

Ciudad Rodrigo, 110, 123, 246, 248;
siege of, 58, 120, 133, 134, 136, 148, 179, 196, 198, 222-226;
taken, 103, 218, 223;
march on, 127;
explosions at, 137;
defence, 151;
number of killed and wounded at, 224

Clare, Lord, at Lisbon, 201;
Cintra, 204

Clauzel, wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 293;
in command, 297

Clinton, his attack on the Forts at Salamanca, 262

Coa, the, 139, 140, 246, 248;
battle of, 103, 154;
number of killed and wounded at, 154;
allied army withdraws to, 179

Coimbra, 40, 77, 89, 115, 213, 222;
advance on, 173

Colborne, Colonel, wounded at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 224

Cole, General, wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 290, 293

Coleman, Brig.-general, his death and funeral, 217

Colquhoun, Sir George, killed at the siege of Salamanca, 267

Colville, General, at the siege of Badajos, 242;
wounded, 243, 246

Commons, House of, result of debates in, 118

Conception, Fort, 141, 143

Condado de Niebla, 232

Connell, Lieut., killed at the siege of Badajos, 237

_Conqueror_, the, 54

Cordova, supplies from, 160

Coria, 70, 72

Cork, 2, 5

Corn, Indian, price of, 137

Corunna, 43;
retreat on, 44;
battle of, 44, 50;
number of killed and wounded, 54

Cotton, Captain, 148

Cotton, Sir C., his victory in the Mediterranean, 187

Cotton, Sir Stapleton, wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 290, 293

Cove, 8

Covilhao, 249

Cowell, 228, 233;
his illness, 295

Cox, General, Governor of Almeida, 140;
besieged, 159;
forced to surrender, 166

Crawford, General, 14;
on board H.M.S. _Resistance_, 7;
in command at Niza, 80

Crawfurd, General, at the battle of the Coa, 103;
at Gallegos, 139, 141;
wounded at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 224

Crawfurd, Robert, killed at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 218

Creagh, Captain, killed at the battle of Coa, 154

Croft, Fred., 59

Croft, Jack, his kindness to W. Warre, 169;
at Sobral, 174

Croft, John, 108, 111

Cuesta, General, 53, 58, 61;
his bad order of battle, 62;
at the battle of Talavera, abandons the wounded, 69, 74;
removed, 74

Currie, Major, 255

Custine, 65, 101

Cuthbert, Captain, killed at the siege of Badajos, 234

D’Aeth, appointed Acting Commander of the _Eclipse_, 34

Dalrymple, Sir Hew, in command of the force, 17, 19

Dance, Colonel, at the battle of Talavera, 69

Dawson, Lieut. R., killed at the battle of Roliça, 24

Dawson, 225;
at the siege of Badajos, 243

_Day, The_, newspaper, 190

De Febre, Colonel, 123

Delaney, Colonel, 89, 93

Delaware, Lord, at Lisbon, 201;
Cintra, 204

Digby, Captain, 181

_Diligent_, gun-brig, 56

Dobbs, killed at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 225

Doidga, Count, 149

Domingos, Dr, 198, 212

_Donegal_, the, 29

Douglas, Captain, at the siege of Badajos, 241

Douglas, Colonel, 52

Douro river, 89, 140, 220, 258, 259, 271, 274, 275, 280, 284, 296,
297, 298

Drake, Captain, wounded at the battle of Talavera, 69

Drouet, expedition against, 240;
retires from Villa Franca, 272

Duckworth, Sir John, 54

Dundas, Sir David, 89, 93, 126

Dundas, Captain, wounded at the siege of Badajos, 239

Dupont, capitulates, 22

Dutch, wounded in the _Guelderland_, 16

Earthquake at Lisbon, 92

Eastley End, 156

_Eclipse_, the, 34

El Bodon, action of, 179

Elder, Lieut.-col., 143;
at the battle of Coa, 154

Elliot, Major, his treatise on the defence of Portugal, 171

Ellis, Captain, of the _Spitfire_, 181

Elvas, 41, 89, 111, 185, 186, 219, 226

Ençina, 286

Enxara dos Cavaleiros, 171

Erfurth, Treaty of, 43

Espanha, Don Carlos d’, 262;
at Pollos, 275

Esperança, Convent of the, 113

Espino, Val d’, 136

Espinosa, defeat at, 43

Espiritu, St, 120, 258

Estrella mountain, 131

Estremadura, 223

Ewart, 225;
wounded at the battle of Vimiero, 27;
at the siege of Badajos, 240

Exeter, 177

Falmouth, 104, 175, 177

Fane, General, 14;
on board H.M.S. _Resistance_, 7;
at the battle of Talavera, 70

Farmer, 235

Ferguson, General, 14;
embarks at Portsmouth, 2;
his characteristics, 11;
at the battle of Vimiero, 26, 31;
gallantry and judgment, 33;
return to England, 36;
at Lisbon, 273;
at the battle of Salamanca, 292

Ferguson, Mrs, 59

Fermoy, 10

Fernesen, 133

Figueira, 17, 21

Finisterre, Cape, 54

_Fiorenzo_, the, 182

Fitzgerald, Mr, at Cintra, 204

Fletcher, Lieut.-col., wounded at the siege of Badajos, 234

Flushing, expedition to, 105

Foncastin, 280

Forjas, his characteristics, 207

_Formidable_, 133

Fornos d’Algodres, 120, 123, 131

Foy, in command of the French army, 297

France, peace with Austria, 45, 103;
reinforcements from, 199

Francisco, Fort of St, taken, 57

Francozo, 136

Frankland, wounded at the battle of Talavera, 69

Frederick, Sir J., 169

Freixedas, 140, 156, 166

Frejenal, 232

French army, number of, taken or destroyed, 22;
massacred, 23;
defeated in the action at Roliça, 24;
Vimiero, 26-28, 30-35;
number of killed and wounded at, 27, 34, 168;
evacuate Portugal, 42;
at Saldanha, 47;
take Oporto, 56;
re-enter Castille, 76;
defeated at Tamames, 90;
invasion of Andalusia, 102, 109;
advance on Badajos, 110;
defeated at Caçeres and Valverde, 117;
advance on Ciudad Rodrigo, 120;
deserters from, 121, 127, 136, 148, 157;
number of sick, 127;
number of, besieging Ciudad Rodrigo, 134;
sickness, 138, 158;
attack at Coa, 154;
preparations for the siege of Almeida, 156;
defeated at Ladoeiro, 164;
sick and wounded taken prisoners, 173;
defeated at the battle of Albuera, 179, 186;
prisoners, 210;
reinforcements, 211, 263;
movements, 219, 264;
defence of Badajos, 245;
entrenchments, 246;
advance on Salamanca, 263;
number of killed at the battle, 290, 293;
retreat towards Madrid, 293

Fuenta da Capeña, 271

Fuente La Peña, 285

Fuente Sanco, 271

Fuentes d’Onoro, battle of, 179

Fuentes Guinaldo, 197, 250, 252

Fundão, 249

Galicia, 43;
insurrection in, 57

Gallegos, 120, 134, 139, 143, 146, 223

Gata pass, 70

Gaveon, 79

Geary, Captain, killed at the battle of Roliça, 24

_George, St_, 133

Gibbs, 225;
wounded at the siege of Badajos, 243, 248

Gibbs, Mrs, 225

Gordon, Major, 225

Graham, General, Sir J., at the siege of Badajos, 219;
expedition against Drouet, 240;
return to Villa Franca, 241;
at Portalegre, 257;
his march to Salamanca, 258

Graham, Sir T., disorder in his eye, 273, 277;
leaves for England, 277

Gravier, wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Salamanca, 293

Grenada, supplies from, 160;
defeat at, 204

Grimes, Lieut., wounded at the siege of Badajos, 239

Guadalajara, passes of, 294

Guadiana, the, 188, 219, 231, 239

Guadalaxara, garrison of, 298

Guaratte, 271

Guarda, 66, 124, 134, 160

Guarena river, 271, 285

_Guelderland_, capture of the, 16

Hardinge, 139, 146;
shot through his coat at the siege of Badajos, 252

Hardy, Captain, 133

Harvey, General, wounded at the siege of Badajos, 246

Harwich, 2

Hay, Leith, wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 293

Hendon, 14, 102

Herreros, fords at, 281

Hill, General, 14;
in command at Fermoy, 10;
his corps march to Elvas, 111;
on the Frontier of Alemtejo, 116;
at Portalegre, 120;
at the siege of Badajos, 219

Hill, Sir Rowland, his success at Almaraz, 254;
at Albuera, 268

Honiton, 104, 117

Hope, Sir John, 42

Houston, General, 200

How, Mr Samuel, 52

Howard, Capt., wounded at the battle of Talavera, 69

Huebra, 258

Hull, Captain, wounded at the battle of Coa, 154

Hunt, at the siege of Badajos, 243

Imaz surrenders Badajos, 178

Infantado, Duke of, 53

Instructions for Light Infantry, translation of, 97, 108

Ireland, troops assembled in, 1

Jackson, 295

Jago, St, 49

James’s _Naval History_, 16 _note_

Johns, St, Fort of, seized, 57

Johnstone, Hon. A. C., 165

Jones, killed at the siege of Badajos, 243

Joseph, King, his invasion of Andalusia, 103;
number of his army in Spain, 159;
his attempt to resign his Crown, 179;
at Madrid, 219;
advance to reinforce Marmont, 292;
at Valencia, 298

Julians, St, 195

Junot, Marshal, number of troops commanded by him, 18, 22;
attack on, 22;
at the battle of Roliça, 25;
at Vimiero, 27;
besieges Ciudad Rodrigo, 149;
encamps near Sobral, 173

Kellerman, 160

Kemp, General, wounded at the siege of Badajos, 246

Kingston, 3

Knox, Mr, 111

Knox, Captain, of the _Fiorenzo_, 182

Konigsberg, 283

Kranckenberg, Captain, 142

Laborde, General, in command at the battle of Roliça, 25;
wounded, 25;
at the battle of Vimiero, 27

Lacebo, 68

Lacerda, 101

Lacerda, Antonio de, wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 293

Ladoeiro, attack at, 164

Laffões, Duchess of, her death, 107

Lagiosa, 156

Lake, Colonel, killed at the battle of Roliça, 24

Lamego, Convent at, 45;
flight of the nuns, 62

Larza, 77

Launceston, 177

Lavos, Camp, 21

Le Mesurier, Colonel, Governor of Almeida, 248;
repulses Marmont, 248

Ledesma, evacuation of, 256

Leinster, Duke of, at Lisbon, 201;
Cintra, 204

Leith, General, 208;
at the siege of Badajos, 233, 242;
his march to Salamanca, 258;
wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 290, 291, 293

Lemos, Brigadier, sent to Rio de Janeiro, 198

Ligon, Captain, wounded, 163

Linhares, Count, 198, 207

Lisbon, 18, 44, 53;
earthquake, 92;
storms, 112;
hoax at, 214-216

Loison, General, 18;
at the battle of Vimiero, 27;
at Zezere, 176

Longa, intercepts mail from Paris, 283

Loring, Captain, of the _Niobe_, 60

Los Hoyos, 71

Los Santos, 232

Louriçal, Marquis and Marchioness of, 99, 114

Lourinhao, 24

Lugo, 44, 48;
retreat from, 50

Lutyens, taken prisoner, 188

Maçedo, Senhor Manoel, 39

Maceira river, 18

M’Kay, wounded at the battle of Vimiero, 35

M’Lean, Major, at the siege of Badajos, 237

M’Leod, Major, at the siege of Badajos, 239

M’Minnon, General, killed at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 224

Madden, killed at the siege of Badajos, 243

Madrid, 43, 53, 223, 297;
march on, 22;
disturbances in, 160

Mafra, positions at, 170

Malcato, 249

Malcolm, Captain, 15

Mango Alde, 119

Mantzoro, Madame, 40

Maps of Spain and Portugal, 116, 122

Marchand, General, at Salamanca, 77;
defeated at Tamames, 90

Marchant, General le, 194;
at Cintra, 204;
killed at the battle of Salamanca, 221, 290, 293

Marialva, 134, 141

Marmont, Marshal, in command of the army of Portugal, 179;
advance to relieve Ciudad Rodrigo, 179;
threatens it, 219;
evacuates Salamanca, 220, 259;
retires behind the Douro, 220;
wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 221, 289, 290, 293, 297;
threatens Almeida, 246, 248;
retreat across the Agueda, 249;
result of his advance, 249;
sufferings of his army, 250;
advance on Salamanca, 262;
crosses the Tormes, 265;
retirement, 271;
crosses the Douro, 284;
at the battle of Salamanca, 284-289

Martha, Sta., ford of, 265

Martin, d’El Rio, 258

Martin, Admiral, 273

Masséna, in command of the French army, 127, 130, 132;
besieges Ciudad Rodrigo, 149;
defeated at Busaco, 172;
retires from Santarem, 178;
reinforcements, 179

Maucune, 297

Mayhew, Mr, 9

Mayorga, 43

Medellin, 256;
battle of, 61

Medina del Campo, 274, 280

Mediterranean Sea, victory in the, 187

_Medusa_, the, 181

Mellish, Captain, Aide-de-Camp to Major-general Ferguson, 2;
studies Spanish, 10

Mello, Pedro de, 38

Merida, 61, 232, 234

Merry, wounded at the siege of Badajos, 243;
death, 248

Mesão Frio, 62

Milman, wounded at the battle of Talavera, 70, 75

Miller, General, advance on Coimbra, 173

Mina, action of, 193

Minas, Marquez das, 38

Minho, skirmishing on the, 53

Minucal, 136

Mirabete, 255

Miranda, 220

Misquetella, Viscondessa de, 111

Molloy, 295

Mondego Bay, 17, 18;
river, 131

Monte Rey, 53

Montemor Velho, price of Indian corn at, 137

Moore, Sir John, 17, 19;
ordered to Portugal, 2;
in command of the troops, 42;
at Salamanca, 43;
Mayorga, 43;
his retreat on Corunna, 44;
death of, 44, 50

Moralega, 72

Morilho, the Spanish general, 233

Morisco, 263, 264

Morréra, 264

Mortier, at Zamora, 77

Mostyn, Lieut., 5

Mulcaster, Captain, killed at the siege of Badajos, 237

Mulgrave, Lord, 190

Muradal, passes of, 89

Murphy, Major, 139

Na. Senora de la Peña, 286

Napier, George, loss of an arm at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 224

Napoleon, at Madrid, 43;
his advance, 44;
return to Paris, 54;
at Konigsberg, 283

Nava, 248, 285

Nava del Rey, 274, 280

Naves d’Haver, 165

Naylor, W., 55

New Castille, 139

Ney, Marshal, his return to France, 90;
besieges Ciudad Rodrigo, 149;
encamps near Sobral, 173

Nightingale, Brigade-General, 14

_Niobe_, the, 60

Niza, 79

_Norge_, the, 54

Nutt, Colonel, killed at the battle of Coa, 154

Oakhampton, 177

Obidos, 24

Ocaña, defeat at, 45;
rout at, 96, 99

O’Donnel, General, at Albuquerque, 120

Olaia, St, 180

Oliveira, Governor of Oporto, assassinated, 57

Oliveira, Cornet Raymundo, 164

Olivença, 110;
recaptured, 178

Oman, 43 _note_, 166 _note_

Oniel, Senhor Carlos, 40

Oporto, 296;
taken by the French, 45, 56, 60;
retaken by Sir A. Wellesley, 45;
insubordination at, 56, 60;
Wine Company at, 205, 209, 212

Orbada, 271

Otter, Captain, 89, 93

Ovar, 20;
French post at, 62

Pajares, 271

Pakenham, Major-general, 144, 147;
at the battle of Salamanca, 288

Palmela, 85

Pampeluna, 149, 166

Parada de Rubiales, 271

Paris to Madrid mail intercepted, 283

Parque, Duque del, his victory at Tamames, 90;
his army disperses in a panic, 100

Patrick, Major, wounded, 61

Patton, Captain, 182, 183

Payne, General, 8, 13, 117

Payo, Conde de St, 38

Pays, Colonel, in command of the 1st Portuguese Cavalry, at the
battle of Coa, 155

_Peacock_, the, 55

Peña Maior, 250

Penafiel, occupied, 62

Peñazanda, 289

Peniche, 18, 24

Peninsular War, first combat, 18

Perales pass, 70

Petersburg, St, 9 _note_

Philippon, General, Governor of Badajos, taken prisoner, 243

Picorina, Fort, 234

Picton, General, 234;
at the siege of Badajos, 242, 246;
his march to Salamanca, 258

Pinhel, 134, 139, 140, 148;
Bishop of, 139

Pitiegna, 271, 286

Placencia, 69, 77

_Plover_, the, 36

Plymouth, 44, 51

Pollos, 275, 280

Ponte de Lima occupied, 62

Poole, killed at the siege of Badajos, 243

Portalegre, 120, 257

_Port Mahon_, 180, 181, 183

Porto, Bishop of, 38

Porto Novo, 18

Porto Roads, 17, 19

Portsmouth, 2, 180

Portugal, troops ordered to, 1;
character of the Government, 38, 186;
decrees, 38;
evacuated by the French, 42;
map of, 116, 122;
translation on the Defence of, 174

Portuguese army, number of men, 23;
their character, 28, 78, 239;
organisation, 44, 45, 48;
at Monte Rey, 53;
insubordination, 56;
training, 63;
improved discipline, 100, 101, 104, 115;
enlistments, 111;
pay, 115;
at the battle of Coa, 154, 155;
noble behaviour, 168, 170;
relations with the English troops, 174;
heroism and gallantry at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 225;
at the siege of Badajos, 239

Prince, Jack, 70

Prior, 97

Puebla de Senabria, 160

Puente de Douro, 282

Puerto de Baños, 203

Ramsgate, 2

Rankin, 4;
tried by Court Martial, 45, 90, 94;
detected in stealing, 79, 80;
executed, 94, 95

Regnier, his attack on Salvaterra, 155;
encamped near the Tagus, 174

Regnioux, General, Governor of Ciudad Rodrigo, taken prisoner, 208

_Resistance_, H.M.S., 2;
at Cork, 2;
officers take part in a play, 9

_Resolution_, 133

Rio de Janeiro, 198

Rio Seco, 62

Roliça, battle of, 18, 24;
killed and wounded, 24

Romana, Marquez de la, his force, 53;
at Badajos, 110

Romanzow, 284

_Romulus_, the, 182

Ross, Colonel, 134, 164;
his illness, 176

Rosslyn, Lord, 9

Rowan, Captain, 144

Royds, 225

Rueda, 280;
skirmish at, 274

Russell, D. W., wounded at the battle of Talavera, 69

Russia, 9 _note_;
policy, 199;
condition of the army, 283

Sabugal, 140, 248, 250;
combat of, 178

Sahagun, combat of, 43;
retreat from, 48

Salamanca, 43, 77, 258;
number of French in, 127;
evacuated, 220;
battle of, 220, 284-294;
number of killed and wounded, 221, 270, 285, 289, 293;
siege of, 258-269;
destruction, 260;
attack on the forts, 262;
surrender, 269-271;
explosion, 283;
prisoners, 289, 293

Salamonde, passes of, 60

Saldaña, 41, 43

Salteros, 71

Salvaterra, 71, 155

San Joaô da Pesqueira, 296

San Meñios, 258

Sanchez, Don Julian, 262;
takes General Regnioux prisoner, 208

Sancos Mezeude, 149

Santarem, 18, 41, 79, 178

Santo Cildes, in command of the Galician army at Astorga, 271;
besieges the fort, 282

Sarzedas, 164

Sebola, 69

Seca, La, 274

Segovia, 297

Seville, 219, 246, 248, 251

Sewell, his illness, 252, 257;
return home, 257

Seymour, Colonel, at the battle of Talavera, 69

Shaw, Captain, 148

Sheridan, Sir W., wounded at the battle of Talavera, 70

Shrapnell, Major, his invention of new shells, 34

Siabra, Lucas, 39

Sierra Morena, 53, 120, 248

Silveira, 57;
attack on, 61

Simancas, 281

Slade, General, 162

Sobrado, 48

Sobral, 172, 173

Somerset, Lord Fitzroy, at the siege of Badajos, 243

Soult, Marshal, 298;
at Saldaña, 43;
takes Oporto, 45;
at Coria, 77;
invests Badajos, 178;
advance to relieve Badajos, 179, 219, 246;
reconnaissance on Campo Mayor, 188;
retreat, 248;
in Andalusia, 251;
advance on Salamanca, 268

Souza, Captain, 68

Spain, maps of, 116

Spaniards, their revolt against the French, 1;
enmity to the French, 74, 96, 113, 203, 204;
sufferings of the peasants, 145;
plan of enlisting in the British army, 256;
reception of the army, 259;
joy at the deliverance from the French, 272

Spanish army, neglect of the, 37;
defeated at Burgos, 43;
victory at Tamames, 45, 91;
defeated at Ocaña and Alba de Tormes, 45;
advance on Madrid, 53;
treatment of the British army, 69, 73;
causes of their defeat, 99;
attack on Caçeres and Valverde, 117

Spencer, General, in command of the troops at Cadiz, 2, 14;
his arrival at Camp Lavos, 22;
at the battle of Vimiero, 26

_Spitfire_, 180, 181

_Stag_, merchant vessel, 177

Stanhope, Major, 169

Stanhope, Mr, 111

_Stately_, 133

Stewart, General, 129

Stockholm, 9

Stuart, Mr, 228

Stuart, Col., wounded at the battle of Roliça, 24;
his death, 28, 33

Sutton, Lieut.-col., at Fort Conception, 141

Sweden, 9 _note_

Sydenham, Mr, 182, 183

Tagus, the, 22, 58, 70, 89, 172, 250;
chart of the, 129

Talavera, battle of, 45, 68;
number of killed and wounded, 69, 74

Tamames, victory at, 45, 120, 258;
battle of, 90;
number of killed at, 1

Tancos, 79

Tangier bay, 6

Tarragona, fall of, 194

Taylor, Colonel, killed at the battle of Vimiero, 32

Teson, redoubt on the, taken, 218

Thomar, 59, 77, 97, 213

Thomier, 53;
wounded at the battle of Salamanca, 293

Thomond, Lieut., 9

Thomson, Major, killed at the siege of Badajos, 237

Tordesillas, 274, 281, 284

Tormes, 259, 265, 286;
bridge over the, 220

Toro, 77, 259, 263, 280, 284;
bridge, 271

Torre de Mouro, 185, 186

Torrecilla, 274

Torrecilla de la Orden, 285

Torrens, Colonel, 14

Torres Novas, 97, 221

Torres Vedras, 18, 172;
retreat to, 104

Torresilla de la Abadessa, 281

Toulon, 187

Trabancos, river, 274

Trant, Colonel, 62;
advance on Coimbra, 173;
repulses Marmont, 248

Truxillo, 257

Tudela, defeat at, 43

Turner, W., 184

Tuy, surrounded, 58

Ubes, St, 85

Urban, Colonel d’, 116, 271;
at the battle of Medellin, 61;
of Salamanca, 290

Urbina, his advance on Madrid, 85

Val de la Mula, 144

Valença de Tuy, occupied, 62

Valencia, 298

Valladolid, 160, 266, 271, 272, 281;
French concentrate at, 275

Vallados, 79

Vallesa, La, 286

Valliadacen, Marquez de, 53

Valmaza, 258

Valverde, attack at, 117

Van Diest, 85

Vandeleur, General, wounded at the taking of Ciudad Rodrigo, 224

Veia ford, 140

Verlet, General, at the siege of Badajos, 234

Vesey, 235

Vianna, occupied, 62

Vicente, St, Convent of, 258;
attack on, 269

Villa Escusa, 269, 274, 276

Villa Formosa, 211, 213

Villa Franca, 18, 241, 246, 248;
French retire from, 272

Villa Nueva, 282

Villa de Porco, 147

Villa Verde, 274

Villa Viçosa, 226

Villar de Ciervo, 148

Villar de la Egoa, 148

Villiers, Mr, 60, 92

Vimiero, battle of, 18, 25-28, 30-34;
anniversary of the battle, 161

Vincente, St, 186

Vittoria, 193

Vizeu, 77, 119

Vouga, the, 62

Walker, General, wounded at the siege of Badajos, 243, 246

_Walsingham_ packet, 176

Warre, A. E., letters from, 168-171

Warre, Clara, takes the veil, 45;
at the Convent at Lamego, 45;
takes refuge at Ancede, 62;
visit from her brother, 107;
order obtained to remove her to the Convent of the Esperança, 113;
refuses to quit the Convent, 121, 125;
attack of fever, 125;
at Oporto, 171

Warre, James, 9 _note_

Warre, Thomas, his escape from Russia, 9;
extracts from his letters, 132, 133