Chapter XVIII: (m789) (3)

262 At one time the parish of All Hallows Barking is spoken of as being
in the County of Middlesex, at another as being within the
City--Hust. Roll. 274, (10), (12).

M164 The fate of Fitz-Thomas unknown.

263 In narrating this, Fitz-Thedmar again discloses his aristocratic
proclivities by remarking, "Such base exclamations did the fools of
the vulgar classes give utterance to" on this occasion, viz., the
election of William Fitz-Richard as Sheriff of Middlesex and Warden
of London.--Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 90, 91.

M165 The city taken into the king's hand, 1265.

264 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 83, 85.

M166 London Bridge bestowed on the queen.

265 "Regina etiam rogavit pro Londoniensibus de quibus rex plures
recepit ad pacem suam."--Ann. of Winchester (Rolls Series, No. 36),
ii, 103.

266 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 146, 147.

M167 The Earl of Gloucester master of the city, April, 1267.

267 Ann. of Dunstaple. (Rolls Series, No. 36), iii, 245.

268 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 95. The citizens appear to have
been divided, as indeed they often were, on the question of
admitting the Earl.

269 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 95, 97.

270 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 96.

M168 Terms arranged between Gloucester and the king, 16th June, 1267.

271 -_Id._, pp. 97, 100.

M169 Charter of Henry III, 26th March, 1268.

272 Dated "Est Ratford," 16th June, 1267. Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs,
pp. 98-100.

273 Dated 26th March, 1268. The original is preserved at the Guildhall
(Box No. 3). A copy of it, inserted in the Lib. de Ant. (fo. 108b),
has the following heading:--"Carta domini regis quam fecit civibus
Lond', _sub spe inveniendi ab eo meliorem gratiam_," the words in
italics being added by a later hand.

M170 The city recovers its rights to elect mayor and sheriffs, 1270.

274 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 113. Ann. of Waverley (Rolls
Series No. 36), ii, 375.

275 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 129.

M171 The sheriff's ferm increased to L400.

276 Lib. de Ant., fo. 120.

M172 Election of John Adrian, Mayor, 1270.

277 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 129-130.

M173 Election of Hervy, 1272, disputed.

278 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 153.

M174 Appeal made by both parties to the king's council. M175 The king's illness and death, 16th November, 1272.

279 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 154, 159.

M176 Fitz-Thedmar's prejudice against Hervy.

280 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 164.

281 The series of Husting Rolls for Pleas of Land, preserved at the
Guildhall, commence in the mayoralty of Hervy's successor.

282 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 205-208.

M177 Hervy's so-called "charter" to the guilds.

283 What Fitz-Thedmar means when he says (Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs,
p. 171), that "only one part of the seal of the Commonalty of
London" was appended to Hervy's so-called "charter" is hard to
determine. The common seal of the city was at this period in the
custody of the mayor for the time being. Under Edward II, it was for
the first time entrusted to two aldermen and two commoners for safe
keeping.--City Records, Letter Book D, fo. 145b. _Cf._ Ordinances of
Edward II, A.D. 1319.

284 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 169-171.

M178 Dispute between Hervy and the Mayor, 1274. M179 Charges against Hervy for acts done during his mayoralty. M180 Is discharged from his aldermanry.

285 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 173-5.

M181 The after-results of the policy of Hervy and Fitz-Thomas.

286 "Et quod nullus alienigena in libertatem civitatis praedictae
admittatur nisi in Hustengo ... et si non sint de certo mestero,
tune in libertatem civitatis ejusdem non admittentur sine assensu
communitatis civitatis illius."--Lib. Custumarum (Rolls Series), pt.
1, pp. 269-270.

287 "The establishment of the corporate character of the city under a
mayor marks the victory of the communal principle over the more
ancient shire organisation, which seems to have displaced early in
the century the complicated system of guild and franchise. It also
marks the triumph of the mercantile over the aristocratic
element."--Stubbs, Const. Hist., i, 630, 631.

288 "The guilds continued to elect until 1384, when the right of
election was again transferred to the wards." City Records, Letter
Book H, fos. 46b, 173.

M182 Arrival of Edward I, in London, 18th August, 1274.

289 Chron. Edward I and II. (Rolls Series No. 76), i, 84. Chron. of T.
Wykes (Rolls Series No. 36) iv, p. 259.

290 Dated from "Caples in the land of Labour" (_Caples in terra
laboris_) or Capua, 19th January, 1273. This letter was publicly
read in the Guildhall on the 25th March following.--Chron. of Mayors
and Sheriffs, p. 163.

M183 Edward's hereditary right to the crown clearly acknowledged.

291 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 161.

M184 Four citizens to be sent to confer with Edward at Paris, 3rd April,
1274.

292 -_Id._, p. 172.

M185 The object of the conference.

293 -_.Id_, pp. 132, 140-2.

294 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 143-4.

M186 Interruption of trade between England and Flanders.

295 -_Id._, pp. 145, 146.

296 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 147, 148.

297 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 149, 150.

M187 Writ for the expulsion of all Flemings, 8th Sept., 1273.

298 -_Id._, p. 165.

M188 Negotiations opened with Edward at Paris for peace with Flanders. M189 Particulars of the four citizens sent to confer with the king at Paris.

299 -A.D. 1279. "Eodem anno escambia et novae monetae extiterunt levata
apud turrim Londoniensem; et Gregorius de Roqesle major monetae per
totam Angliam."--Chron. Edw. I and II. (Rolls Series No. 76. i.
88).--Aungier Fr. Chron. (Transl.) p. 239.

300 The name of John Horn with the addition. "Flemyng" occurs in the
14th cent.--Hust. Roll. 64 (67), 81 (74).

M190 Peace concluded between England and Flanders, July, 1274.

301 For one month after the Feast of St. Botolph the Abbot [17 June],
the Court of Husting in London was closed, owing to the absence of
citizens attending the fair. The right of appointing their own
officers to settle disputes arising at the fair was granted to the
citizens of London at the close of the Barons' War.--Chron. of Mayors
and Sheriffs, p. 176.

302 Peace was signed before the end of July.--Rymer's Foedera, (ed. 1816),
vol. i. pt. 2, p. 513.

M191 Strong Government of the city under Edward I.

303 A series of MS. books extending from A.D. 1275 to 1688, deriving
their title from the letters of the alphabet with which they are
distinguished, A, B, C, &c, AA, BB, CC, &c. We are further aided by
chronicles of the reigns of Edward I and II, edited by Bishop Stubbs
for the Master of the Rolls. A portion of these chronicles the
editor has fitly called "Annales Londonienses." There is even reason
for believing them to have been written by Andrew Horn, citizen and
fishmonger, as well as eminent jurist of his day. He died soon after
the accession of Edward III. and by his will, dated 9th Oct., 1328,
(Cal. of Wills, Court of Husting, i, 344) bequeathed to the city
many valuable legal and other treatises, only one of which (known to
this day as "Liber Horn,") is preserved among the archives of the
Corporation.

M192 The necessity for an immediate supply of money.

304 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, p. 239.

305 Stubbs, Select Charters, p. 447.

306 Chron. Edward I and II, (Rolls Series). Introd. vol. i, p. xxxiii.

M193 The so-called Parliament at Shrewsbury. 1283.

307 -_Id._, i, 92.

308 Contin. Flor. Wigorn., ii, 229. 230. Tho. Wykes (Ann. Monast. Rolls
Series No. 36), iv, 294. Ann. of Worcester (_Ibid_), iv, 486. Walter
de Heminburgh (Eng. Hist. Soc.), ii, 13.

M194 Ralph Crepyn and Laurence Duket.

309 They were, in the language of Stow, "hanged by the purse." (Survey,
Thoms' ed., p. 96). _Cf._ "He was hanged by the nek and nought by
the purs." (Chaucer, Cook's Tale. l. 885). The story is recorded in
Aungier's French Chron. (Riley's translation), p. 240; and in Chron.
Edward I and II (Rolls Series i, 92-93).

M195 Legislative enactments of 1285.

310 Stubbs, Select Charters, pp. 472-474.

311 Letter Book C, fo. 52. Riley's Memorials, p. 21.

M196 The justiciars at the Tower, 1285 M197 The customary procedure when the citizens waited on the justices at the Tower.

312 Rolls Series, i, 51-60. _Cf._ Lib. Ordinationum, fos. 154b, _seq._

M198 The city declared to be taken into the king's hand.

313 The circumstances of Rokesley's visit to the justices at the Tower
are set out in the city's "Liber Albus" (i, 16), from a MS. of
Andrew Horn, no longer preserved at the Guildhall. The story also
appears in Chron. Edward I and II (Rolls Series No. 76), i, 94.

M199 For thirteen years the city governed by a _custos_ instead of a
mayor.

314 In 1293 the king appointed Elias Russell and Henry le Bole his
"improvers" (_appropriatores_) in the city:--Chron. Edward I and II,
(Rolls Series No. 76, i, 102). Their duties were practically
identical with those of sheriffs, and Bishop Stubbs places a
marginal note over against the appointment,--"Sheriffs appointed by
the king." Walter Hervy is recorded as having removed certain stones
near Bucklersbury when he was "improver" of the city (Letter Book A,
fo. 84. Riley's Memorials, p. 25). This was probably done in 1268,
when the city was in the king's hand, and Hervy and William de
Durham were appointed bailiffs "without election by the
citizens."--Chron. Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 112, 113.

M200 Both the king and the city in straits for money, 1289-1290.

315 Letter Book A, fo. 132b.

316 -_Id._, fo. 110.

317 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 98.

M201 The king's difficulties increased by the expulsion of the Jews,
1290.

318 Letter Book A, fo. 95. Riley's Memorials, p. 26.

319 "From the very day of his accession, Edward was financially in the
hands of the Lombard bankers; hence arose, no doubt, the difficulty
which he had in managing the City of London; hence came also the
financial mischief which followed the banishment of the Jews; and
hence an accumulation of popular discontent, which showed itself in
the king's lifetime by opposition to his mercantile policy, and,
after his death, supplied one of the most efficient means for the
overthrow of his son."--Chron. Edward I and II. Introd. vol. i, pp.
c, ci.

M202 Edward's domestic troubles of 1290. M203 Seizure of treasure in monastries and churches, 1294.

320 Writ to the Sheriff of Middlesex, dated 2nd Jan., 1293. Letter Book
B, fo. 25. Contin. Flor. Wigorn., ii, 266.

321 Ann. of Dunstaple (Rolls Series No. 36), iii, 390. The chronicler
acquits the king of complicity in this sacrilege.

322 Contin. Flor. Wigorn., ii, 274.

M204 The city furnishes ships and men for the defence of the coast 1295,
1296.

323 Letter Book C. fo. 20.

324 -_Id._, fos. 21b, 22. (Riley's Memorials, pp. 31-33). Liber Custum.,
i, 72-76.

M205 The subjection of Scotland, 1296.

325 Chron. of Walter de Hemingburgh (Eng. Hist. Soc.), ii. 108, 109.

M206 The parliament of Bury St. Edmund's, 3rd Nov., 1296.

326 Letter Book C, fo. 22b.

327 By the bull _Clericis Laicos_, Boniface VIII had recently forbidden
the clergy to pay taxes to any layman.--Chron. of Walter de
Hemingburgh (Eng. Hist. Soc.), ii, 113-116.

328 Stubbs, Const. Hist., ii, 130, 131, 134.

M207 Edward's altercation with Roger Bigod, Feb., 1297.

329 Chron. of Walter de Hemingburgh, ii, 121.

M208 The "Confirmatio Cartarum," Oct. 1297.

330 -_Id._, ii, 126, 127.

331 -_Id._, ii, 149, 151.

M209 The mayoralty restored to the city, 11th April, 1298.

332 Letter Book B, fo. xxxvii (101b).

333 Preserved among the City Archives (Box 26). _Cf._ Letter Book C, fo.
xxiv, b.

334 Letter Book B, fo. 93.

M210 Suppression of the Scottish rising under Wallace, 1298, 1304.

335 Letter Book C, fo. 24. (Riley's Memorials, 37).

336 Strictly speaking, a talliage could only be charged on the king's
demesnes, and these did not include the City of London.

337 Chron. Edward I and II (Rolls Series), i, 132.

M211 Wallace brought to London, 22 Aug., 1305.

338 Aungier, Fr. Chron. (Riley's Transl.), 247. Chron. Edward I and II
(Rolls Series), i, 139.

M212 Knighthood conferred on John le Blound, the mayor, and others, May
1306.

339 Chron. Edward I and II (Rolls Series), i, 146. Hemingburgh ii, 248.

340 Aungier, Fr. Chron. (Riley's Transl.), 247 n.

M213 Death of the king, 7th July, 1307. M214 The accession of Edward II.

341 "Tunc visa est Londonia quasi nova Jerusalem monilibus
ornata."--Chron. Edward I and II (Rolls Series No. 76), i, 152.

342 "Ad quam coronationem major, aldermanni et cives Londoniarum induti
samiteis et sericeis vestimentis et ex armis Angliae et Franciae
depictis, coram rege et regina Karolantes, et servi civium ad illud
festum, ut moris est, de cupa servientes, omnibus intuentibus
inauditum proviserunt gaudium."--_Id. ibid._

M215 The king's foreign favourites.

343 Letter Book C, fo. 93 (Riley's Memorials, p. 64).

344 Letter Book D, fo. 96 (Memorials, pp. 69-71).

345 Letter Book C, fo. 97 b (Memorials, p. 69).

346 Letter Book D, fo. 104 (Memorials, pp. 72-74).

M216 The Ordainers and their work, 1308-1311.

347 Chron. of Mayors and Sheriffs, pp. 224-225.

348 Letter Book D, fo. 147b.

M217 The City's gift of 1,000 marks to assist the king against Scotland,
March, 1311.

349 -_Id._, fo. 125b.

M218 Richer de Refham, Mayor, 1310-1311.

350 "Eodem anno (_i.e._ 1302), die Lunae ivto Kalendas Februarii,
restitutus est Richerus de Refham in honore aldermanniae Londoniarum,
et factus est aldermannus de Warda de Basseishawe."--Chron. Edward I
and II, i, 104.

351 Among those who were called to account was a woman remarkable for
her name--"Sarra la Bredmongesterre." A selection of the cases
enquired into is printed in Riley's Memorials, pp. 86-89.

352 "Sed quia idem Richerus fuerat austerus et celer ad justitiam
faciendam nulli parcendo, et quia fecit imprisonare Willelmum de
Hakford, mercer, ideo dictus W, et sui complices insurrexerunt in
ipsum et ideo depositus fuit ab officio majoris et postea
aldermanniae suae."--Chron. Edw. I and II, i, 175-176.

M219 The fall of Gaveston.

353 Letter Book D, fo. 142.

354 -_Id._, fos. 142b-143b (Memorials pp. 93-98.)

355 -_Id._, fos. 142b, 143b, 145b.

356 Chron. Edward I and II. i, 203.

357 Lib. de Antiq., fo. 43b. Aungier's Fr. Chron. (Riley's Transl.), p.
250.

358 Letter Book C, fo. 45.

359 Letter Book C, fo. 92b (Memorials p. 63).

M220 Parliament at London. August, 1312.

360 The city chose as its representatives, Nicholas de Farendone, John
de Wengrave, and Robert de Kelleseye. Letter Book D. fos. 149b, 151,
151b.

361 -_Id._, fos. 151b, 152 (Memorials pp. 102-104.)

M221 The birth of a prince, 13 Nov., 1312.

362 -_Id._, fo. 168 (Memorials, pp. 105-106).

M222 The question of the king's rights to talliage the city, 1312-1314.

363 Letter Book D, fos. 164, 164b.

364 Letter Book E, fo. 18. (Memorials, pp. 108-110).

M223 The renewal of the war with Scotland, 1314.

365 Letter Book D, fo. 165.

366 Chron. Edward I and II, ii, 55, 56.

367 Letter Book E, fo. 84. (Memorials, pp. 128-129).

M224 Dissension in the city, 1318-1319.

368 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 285.

M225 Articles for the better government of the city confirmed by the
king, 8th June, 1319.

369 Aungier's French Chron. (Riley's translation), p. 252.

370 Lib. Cust. (Rolls Series) i, 269.

371 Dated York, 8th June, 1319. These letters patent are preserved at
the Guildhall (Box No. 4). Ten days later [18th June] Edward granted
an ample inspeximus charter to the city, the original of which does
not appear among the archives. _See_ Lib. Cust. i, pp. 255-273.

372 Aungier, Fr. Chron. (Riley's translation), p. 253.

373 In this year [1318-19] the new charter was confirmed by the king,
and cost L1,000. _Id._, p. 252.

M226 The Iter at the Tower of 1321.

374 Chron. Edward I and II, Introd., vol. ii, p. lxxxiv.

375 Lib. Cust. (Rolls Series) i, 285-432.

376 Rolls Series i, 51-60. Copies of the Ordinances are also to be found
in the Liber Horn (fos. 209, _seq._) and Liber Ordinationum (fos.
154b _seq._) of the city's archives.

M227 Complaint of negligence of duty by the sheriffs.

377 Lib. Cust. i, 289, 308.

M228 The city claims to record its custom by mouth of the Recorder.

378 Lib. Cust., i, 296.

M229 the 4th day of the Iter.

379 -_Id._, i, 308-322.

380 -_Id._, i, 322-324.

381 -_Id._, i, 324-325.

M230 The 9th day of the Iter.

382 -_Id._, i, 347-362.

383 "Et fuit illo die post horam vesperarum antequam Justiciarii et
duodenae perfiniebant; sed neminem eodem die indictaverunt."--Lib.
Cust., i, 366.

M231 Indictment against a late mayor.

384 Lib. Cust., i, 371-374.

M232 The city taken into the king's hand.

385 -_Id._, i, 378. Chron. Edward I and II, i, 291. Aungier, Fr. Chron.,
p. 253.

M233 Adjournment of the Iter over Easter. M234 Sudden change in the attitude of the judges after Easter.

386 "Qui cum quasi leones parati ad praedam ante Pascham extitissent,
nunc, versa vice, quasi agni vicissim facti sunt."--Lib. Cust., i,
383-384.

M235 Andrew Horn appears as counsel for the City. M236 The indictment brought against the Constable of the Tower.

387 Chron. Edward I and II. i, 216, 272.

388 Lib. Cust., i, 408, 409.

M237 The Iter brought to a sudden termination. 4 July, 1321.

389 -_Id._, i, 425.

M238 The mayoralty restored to the city.

390 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 291. The precise date of his election is
not known. Bishop Stubbs, in his introduction to the Chronicle cited
(i, p. lxxxii), states it to have taken place in January. This can
hardly have been the case, inasmuch as the city had not been taken
into the king's hands before the middle of February--forty-one days
after the commencement of the Iter. See Lib. Cust. i, p. 378.

M239 The City promises to support the king, July, 1321.

391 Letter Book E, fos. 119b-120 (Memorials, pp. 142-144).

M240 Letter from the Earl of Hereford and the City's reply.

392 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 293, 296.

M241 Terms arranged between the king and the lords, 14 August.

393 -_Id._, i, 297.

M242 Chigwell continued in the mayoralty.

394 Dated, Boxle, 25 October. Patent Roll 15, Edward II, Part 1, m. ii.

395 Chron. Edward I and II, i, p. 298. Re-elected "by the commons at the
king's wish."--Aungier Fr. Chron. (Riley's transl.), p. 254.

M243 The queen insulted by Lady Badlesmere.

396 Chron. Edward I and II, i, pp. 298-299.

M244 Attempt to issue a "charter of service."

397 Aungier, Fr. Chron., pp. 254, 255.

398 The charter, dated Aldermaston, 12th December, 15 Edward II [A.D.
1321], with seal (imperfect) attached, is preserved at the Guildhall
(Box No. 4.)

M245 The Londoners at Boroughbridge, 16 March, 1322.

399 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 301.--Aungier. Fr. Chron. (Riley's
transl.). p. 255.

M246 The character of the citizen soldier in the field.

400 "Car c'est le plus perilleux peuple [sc. the English] qui soit au
monde et plus outrageux et orgueilleux et de tous ceux d' Angleterre
les Londriens sont chefs ... ils sont fors durs et hardis et haux en
courage; tant plus voyent de sang respandu et plus sont cruels et
moins ebahis."--Froissart's Hist. (ed. Lyon, 1559), pp. 333-334.

401 Macaulay, Hist., cap. iii.

M247 Defeat and execution of the Earl of Lancaster, March, 1322.

402 Aungier. Fr. Chron. (Riley's transl.), pp. 257, 264.

M248 Edward again despotic, 1322-1323.

403 Chron. Edward I and II. i, 303.

404 -_Id._, i. 305. Aungier. Fr. Chron. (Riley's transl.), p. 257.

405 By the king's writ, dated Ravensdale, 29 Nov., Letter Book E. fo.
148. According to the French Chronicle (Aungier, p. 258) Chigwell
recovered the mayoralty on the feast of St. Nicholas [6 Dec.]. On
the 7th Dec. he was admitted and sworn into office.

M249 Escape of Roger Mortimer from the Tower. Aug. 1323.

406 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 301, 305, 318 n.

407 "Propter insidiantes domini regis et aliorum malorum
hominum."--_Id._, i, 306.

M250 A feud between the Weavers and the Goldsmiths, 1324.

408 -_Id._, i, 307.

M251 Departure of the queen for France, 9 March, 1324.

409 Aungier, Fr. Chron., p. 259.

410 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 308. Easter is given as the date of her
departure by the Fr. Chron. (p. 259), Easter Day falling on the 15th
April in that year.

M252 Her return to England, 24 September, 1326.

411 Aungier, Fr. Chron. (Riley's transl.), p. 260.

M253 The City lost to Edward.

412 See her proclamation issued at Wallingford, 15th Oct. Rymer's
Foedera, vol. ii, part 1, pp. 645, 646.

413 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 314, 315.

414 Dated Baldock, 6 Oct., 1326. City's Records, Pleas and Memoranda,
Roll A I, membr. x (12).

415 Aungier. Fr. Chron. (Riley's translation), pp. 262, 263.

M254 The murder of Bishop Stapleton, 15 October, 1326.

416 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 315, 316. Aungier, Fr. Chron., p. 263.

417 Chron. Edward I and II, ii, 310. Murimuth, Chron. (Eng. Hist. Soc.),
p. 48.

418 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 321, ii, 310. Aungier, Fr. Chron.
(Riley's translation), p. 264. Murimuth (Eng. Hist. Soc.), pp. 48,
49.

419 The proclamation is headed, _Proclamacio prima post decessum
episcopi Exoniensis et ipsius decollacionem._--City's Records, Pleas
and Memoranda, Roll A 1, membr. 2 dors.

M255 The queen confirms to the citizens their right to elect their mayor, Nov., 1326. M256 Betoyne elected mayor.

420 Aungier, Fr. Chron., p. 265.

421 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 318.

M257 Public declaration in favour of the queen and the City's rights. 13
Jan., 1327.

422 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 323. Pleas and Memoranda, Roll A 1, memb.
2.

M258 Edward's charter to the city, 6 March, 1327.

423 Dated 28 February, 1326-7. Chron. Edward I and II, i, 325-326.

424 Dated 6 March, 1326-7. Preserved at the Guildhall (Box No. 5).

425 In _re_ Islington Market Bill, 3 Clk, 513. See also Stat. 5 and 6,
William IV, cap. cxi, ss. 46 _et seq._

426 -_Vide sup._, p. 104.

427 According to the common law of the land, no market could be erected
so as to be a "nuisance" to another market within a less distance
than six miles and a half and a third of another half.--Bracton "De
Legibus Angliae" (Rolls Series No. 70), iii, 584.

428 Dated 4 March, 1326-7.

429 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 325.

M259 The City sends a contingent to assist the king against the Scots.

430 The king's letters asking for assistance were dated from Nottingham,
29 April and 2 May.--City's Records, Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr.
iv dors, and ix.

431 The names of the troopers are set out in full, under the several
wards, in Pleas and Memoranda, Roll A I, memb. ix. The compiler of
the "Annales Paulini" (Chron. Edward I and II, i. 333), gives the
number of the City contingent as 100 men, adding feelingly "sed proh
pudor! nil boni ibi facientes sine honore revertuntur."

M260 This act not to be made a precedent.

432 Dated Topclyf, 10 July.--Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. ii (4).

M261 The City's representatives at the Parliament at Lincoln, Sept.,
1327.

433 -_Id._, Roll A 1, membr. iii.

434 Writ dated Lincoln, 23 September.--_Id._, Roll A 1, membr. v (7)
dors.

M262 Petition against removing the courts and the exchequer to York.

435 -_Id._, Roll A 1. memb. iii.--In July, 1323, the Exchequer had been
transferred from York to Westminster, "and great treasure
therewith."--Aungier's Fr. Chron. (Riley's transl.), p. 258.

436 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1. membr. iii, and v (7).

M263 Peace with Scotland, 1328.

437 Pleas and Memoranda, Roll A 1. membr. xxii.

438 -_Id._, Roll A 1. membr. xxii, dors.--According to the Chronicle of
Lanercost (Bannatyne Club, p. 261), it was the _Londoners_ who
refused to give up the stone.

439 Rymer's Foedera (1830), Vol. iii, pt. ii, p. 716. Stanley's Memorials
of Westminster Abbey (2nd ed.), pp. 60-64.

440 Rymer's Foedera (1821) Vol. ii, pt. ii, pp. 734, 740. Pleas and Mem.,
Roll A 1, membr. xx dors. Chron. Edward I and II, i. 339-340.

M264 The revolt of the Earl of Lancaster, Oct., 1328.

441 The city was represented by Stephen de Abyndon and Robert de
Kelseye. The writ was dated Clipston, 28 August, and the return made
the 10th October.--Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1. membr. xxiii-xxiv.

442 Letter dated 27 September.--Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. xxiii
(27) dors.

M265 The earl's letter to the City, 5 Nov., 1328.

443 -_Id._, Roll A 1, membr. xxiv (28) dors.

M266 The election of John de Grantham, mayor, in place of Chigwell.

444 "Quod dictus Hamo fuit pessimus vermis qui venit in civitate jam xx
annis elapsis et amplius, et quod nunquam foret bona pax in civitate
dum viveret et quod bonum esset valde si capud ejus a corpore
truncatur."--Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. xxiii dors.

445 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 29.

M267 The king desires a deputation from the city to meet him at Windsor,
Nov., 1328.

446 -_Id._, Roll A 1, membr. 29 dors.

447 -_Id._, _ibid._--Notwithstanding this disavowal, it is said that no
less than 600 Londoners assisted the Lancastrian cause.--Chron.
Edward I and II. Introd. Vol. i, p. cxx.

M268 The king pays a short visit to London, Dec., 1328.

448 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 343.--Letter Book E, fo. 179b. (Memorials,
pp. 170-171).

M269 The king's letter from Gloucester to the Mayor, &c., of London. 16
Dec., 1328.

449 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 31.

450 See letter from the mayor, &c., to the king informing him that his
wishes had been carried out.--_Id._, Roll A 1. membr. xxviii (32).

M270 The bishops and barons in the city.

451 At Christmas, both the primate and the city despatched letters to
Edward, who was then at Worcester, to that effect.--_Id._, Roll A 1.
memb. xxviii (32).

M271 Failure of Lancaster to raise a confederation against the king. 2
Jan., 1329.

452 Chron. Edward I and II. i, 343-344.

453 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1. membr. xxviii (32).

M272 Trial at the Guildhall of those implicated with Lancaster. Feb.,
1329.

454 Chron. Edward I and II. i, 242-243.

M273 Trial of Hamo de Chigwell, 13 Feb., 1329.

455 -_Id._, i, 245, 346.

456 -_Id._, i. 246-247.

457 The will is enrolled in the records of the Court of Husting, Roll 61
(17). His devise to St. Paul's was challenged by John de Pulteney,
and execution stayed.

M274 Execution of Mortimer, 29 Nov., 1330.

458 According to the compiler of the "Annales Paulini" (Chron. Edward I
and II, i, 352), Mortimer was taken "in camera Isabelle reginae."

M275 The queen retires into privacy.

459 She died in 1357. and was buried in the church of the Grey Friars,
in the city.

460 "The last days of Queen Isabella."--Archaeol., vol. xxxv, p. 464.

M276 Increase of trade with Flanders.

461 On her first arrival in London she was conducted by a cavalcade of
citizens to the Bishop of Ely's house in Holborn, and after her
marriage, was made the recipient of a present of gold and silver and
a great store of all kinds of provisions. Her coronation, which took
place two years later (Feb., 1330), was also made the occasion for a
further display of their loyalty and affection.--Chron. Edward I and
II, i, 338, 339, 349.

462 Green, Hist. of the English People, i, 410. Imposts on wool, writes
Bishop Stubbs, became of such importance at this period that "the
merchants again seemed likely to furnish the realm with a new
estate."--Const. Hist., ii. 379.

463 -_Supra_, pp. 112-115.

M277 The establishment of staples in England.

464 "Eodem anno (_i.e._, 1326) post Pascha dominus rex habuit consilium
apud Westmonasterium; et ordinatum fuit ibi quod mercatores emerent
lanas. corias et plumbum, in certis locis Angliae, Walliae et
Hyberniae, et illa loca vocantur Stapel."--Chron. Edward I and II, i,
312. _Cf._ Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 15.

465 Dated 23 April, 1327. Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. i (3) dors.

466 Dated Nottingham, 30 April (1327). Rymer's Foedera. Vol. ii, pt. ii.
p. 705.

M278 A new tax on wool, leather, and wool-fells.

467 Writ to the collector of dues in the port of London and other places
on both sides of the Thames as far as Gravesend. Dated Overton, 2
July, 1 Edward III (A.D. 1327). Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 7
dors (cedula).

468 -_Id._, Roll A 1, membr. 7 dors.

469 Letters patent, dated Lincoln, 23 Sept., 1 Edward III (A.D. 1327).
_Id._, Roll A 1, membr. 7 dors.

470 Writ to sheriffs to see the restrictions carried out, dated York, 1
March, 2 Edward III (A.D. 1327-8). _Id._, Roll A 1, membr. 24 dors.

M279 Proposal to remove the Staple to the continent, Feb., 1328.

471 Dated from Coventry. _Id._, Roll A 1, membr. 18 dors.

472 Return to writ, dated 12 January, 1 Edward III (A.D. 1327-8).--Pleas
and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 20.

473 Letter from the Mayor, &c., of York, to the City of London, dated 29
January, and reply.--Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. xix (23).

474 -_Id. ibid._

475 -_Id._, Roll A 1, membr. xvii (20) dors. The letter was sent in
reply to one from the City's representatives, Grantham and Priour,
asking for instructions.

476 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. xix (23) dors.

477 He had been an intimate favourite of Edward II. and had been
removed, with others, from that king's service in 1311.
Notwithstanding this, he appears as the king's Chamberlain in 1316.
Ten years later, when the city was in the hands of an infuriated
mob, and the king confined at Kenilworth, John de Charleton took the
Earl of Arundel prisoner and caused him to be beheaded. In 1329 the
citizens received peremptory orders from Edward III, not to harbour
him in the city.--Chron. Edward I & II. i, 247.

M280 Betoyne's own account of his disagreement with his colleagues.

478 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 24.

M281 Betoyne's action approved by the citizens, 19 Feb., 1328.

479 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 24.

480 Letter Book E, fo. 183. (Memorials, p. 169.)

M282 Temporary abolition of Staples. Aug., 1328.

481 "In 1333 they were again established in England, but merchants
ignored them, and in the following year they were abolished. From
1344 onwards they are frequently discussed in parliament and
assemblies of the merchants; and by the statute of 1353 the system
was consolidated."--Stubbs, Const. Hist., ii, 412.

482 Letter Book G. fos. 35b, 76.

M283 England and France, 1329-1331

483 Rymer's Foedera (1821), vol. ii, pt. ii. p. 765.

484 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 247, 249.

485 Chron. Edward I and II. i, 249, 251.

486 Rymer's Foedera (1821), vol. ii, pt. ii, p. 815.

M284 The war with Scotland, 1332-1335.

487 Rex Franciae subtiliavit viis et modis quibus potuit qualiter
deturbaret regem Angliae et repatriare faceret ne tantum destrueret
et debellaret regnum Scotiae.--Knighton (Rolls Series No. 76), i, 476.

488 -_Id._, i, 461.

489 Letter Book E, fos. 1-4--(Memorials, pp. 187-190).

490 John de Grantham was allowed 60 shillings for a horse which he lost
whilst going to this parliament on the city's business. (Letter Book
F, fo. 9b.) It is, however, not clear that Grantham attended the
parliament as a city member.

491 Chron. Edward I and II, ii. 122.

492 Letter patent, dated 12 August.--Pleas and Mem., Roll A 1, membr. 35.

493 -_Id. ibid._

M285 Preparations for war with France, 1337.

494 Letter patent, dated Westm., 24 March.--Letter Book F., fo. 6.

495 -_Id._, fo. 6b.

496 Chron. Edward I and II, i, 366.

497 The king's letter, dated Stamford, 1 June, 1337.--Letter Book F, fo.
6b.

M286 Charter, 26 March, 1337.

498 Letter Book F, fos. 4-5.

499 Charter dated Westminster, 26 March, 1337, preserved at the
Guildhall (Box No. 5). The king made frequent attempts to annul this
charter.--Letter Book F, fo. 197; Letter Book G, fos. 11b, 41b.

500 -_Id._, fo. 9.

M287 The services of John de Pulteney, Mayor.

501 -_Id._, fo. 9b. (Memorials, p. 197).

502 -_Id._, fo. 10b.

M288 The king monopolises the wool of the country.

503 Stubbs, Const. Hist., ii, 380.

504 Letter Book F, fo. 42.

505 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 3, membr. 3 and 3 dors.

506 Stubbs, Const. Hist., ii, 380-381.

M289 Naval and military preparations in the City.

507 Letter Book F, fos. 3, 3b.

508 -_Id._, fo. 14b. _Id._, fo. 18b.

509 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 5, membr. 3 dors.

M290 The city put into a posture of defence after the king's departure,
July, 1338.

510 -_Id._, membr. 5 dors.

511 -_Id._, membr. 6. On the 23 October, the Duke of Cornwall, whom the
king had nominated regent during his absence abroad, wrote to the
Mayor, &c., of London, bidding him put the city into a posture of
defence.--Letter Book F, fo. 19.

M291 Orders for city to provide more ships and men, Feb., 1339.

512 -_Skumarii_: a scummar, a rover. Skeats' Glossary to the Bruce
(Early Eng. Text Soc. _s. v._)

513 Letter Book F, fos. 22b-23.

M292 A threatened invasion up the Thames, Easter, 1339.

514 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 3, membr. 1.

515 Letter Book F, fly leaf. (Memorials, p. 204.)

M293 Implements of war stored at the Guildhall.

516 Letter Book F, fly-leaf. The passage was printed by the late Mr.
Riley, although somewhat inaccurately, in his Memorials (p. 205).
The original MS. runs thus: "Item in Camera Gildaule sunt sex
Instrumenta de Laton vocata Gonnes cum quinque teleres ad eadem.
Item pelete de plumbo pro eidem Instrumentis que ponderant iiijc li
et dj. Item xxxij li de pulvere pro dictis instrumentis."

517 The late Mr. Riley misread "roleres" for "teleres" (the writing is
not very legible), and therefore thought the passage referred to
heavy ordnance.

518 Richard Hastinges bequeaths by will in 1558 his bows and arrows,
with "tyllers" &c.--Calendar of Wills, Court of Hust., London, ii,
670.

M294 The king's return, Feb., 1340.

519 Congregacio Maioris Aldermannorum et unius hominis cujuslibet warde
civitatis pro negociis communitatem tangentibus die veneris proxima
post festum Sancte Katerine Virginis (25 Nov.) anno xiijc contra
adventum domini regis et regine de partibus transmarinis.--Pleas and
Mem., Roll A 3, membr. 10.

520 Letter Book F, fo. 30b.

M295 A City loan of L5,000.

521 Letter Book F, fo. 32b. (Memorials, pp. 208-210.)

522 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 3, membr. 12 dors.

523 Letter Book F, fo. 34b.

M296 The king again sets sail, June, 1340.

524 Letter Book F, fo. 39.

M297 The battle of Sluys, 24 June, 1340.

525 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 3, membr. 20-21. Letter Book F, fo. 37b.

526 A cedula inserted between membranes 19 and 20 of Pleas and Mem.,
Roll A 3.

527 Aungier, Fr. Chron. (Riley's transl.), 277.

M298 The king's unexpected return, 30 Nov., 1340.

528 Murimuth, Contin. Chron. (Rolls Series No. 93), p. 116. Avesbury
(_Ibid_), p. 323.

M299 Dismisses ministers and orders an enquiry as to collection of revenue. M300 The justices at the Tower, March-April. 1341.

529 Aungier's Fr. Chron. (Riley's transl.), pp. 283-285. Murimuth, p.
117.

530 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 3, membr. 22.

531 Letter Book F, fos. 45b-49. Murimuth, pp. 118, 119.

532 Murimuth, p. 119.

533 Letter Book F, fo. 49.

M301 Charter to the city, dated 26 March, 1341.

534 Dated 26 May, 1341. This charter, which was granted with the assent
of parliament, is preserved at the Guildhall (Box No. 5.)

M302 The city called upon to furnish the king with 26 ships.

535 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 3, membr. 25 dors.

M303 The king's expedition to Brittany, Oct., 1342.

536 -_Id._, Roll A 5. membr. 17.

M304 A truce with France for three years.

537 Stubbs, Const. Hist., ii, 392 note. Aungier's Fr. Chron. (Riley's
transl.), 290.

538 Murimuth, 155.

M305 Renewal of the war in 1345.

539 Letter Book F, fos. 81-84b.

540 Commission, dated Windsor, 20th March, 1345. _Id._ fo. 98b.

541 -_Id._ fos. 99, 109, 110.

542 Letter Book F, fo. 111.

543 -_Id._, fo. 116b.

M306 Expedition to France sets sail, 10 July, 1346.

544 Murimuth (Rolls Series, No. 93, p. 198) states that the number of
vessels great and small amounted to 750; whilst in another Chronicle
the same writer says that they numbered more than 1,500 (Chron. ed.
for Eng. Hist. Soc., p. 164.)

545 Letter Book F. fo. 119. Murimuth (Rolls Series), p. 198.

M307 News of the king's arrival and success in Normandy, 3 Aug.

546 Murimuth (Rolls Series), pp. 205-211.

547 Letter Book F, fo. 120b.

548 -_Id._, fos. 121-125b.

M308 The battle of Crecy, 26 Aug., 1346. M309 Siege and surrender of Calais, 1346-1347.

549 Letter Book F, fos. 127, 127b, 130.

550 -_Id._, fos. 132b-133b.

551 -_Id._, fos. 139, 140.

552 -_Id._, fo. 140 b.

553 Hist. Angl. (Rolls Series No. 28), i, 272. _Cf._ Chron. Angliae
(Rolls Series No. 64). p. 26.

M310 The Black Death, 1348-1349.

554 It was the first of the three pestilences (the others occurring in
1361 and 1369) which served occasionally as land marks in history
for dating conveyances and other records.--See Bond's Handy-book for
verifying dates, p. 311.

555 Stow extravagantly conjectures that no less than 50,000 perished
within a year, all of whom were buried in Walter Manny's cemetery,
near the Charterhouse. Another chronicler states that 200 were
buried there alone between February and April, 1349.--Avesbury (Rolls
Series No. 93), p. 407.

556 Whilst the king forbade the encouragement of beggars by gifts of
charity, the municipal authorities fixed the price of labour.--Letter
Book F. fos. 163, 168, 169, 181. At the close of the year (1349) a
statute--known as the Statute of Labourers--was passed, fixing the
scale of wages at the rate prevalent before the Black Death, and
ordering punishment to be inflicted on those who demanded more.

557 Letter Book F, fo. 168.

558 -_Id._, fo. 191b.

M311 A fresh truce with France, commencing 13 June, 1350.

559 By writ, dated 1 July. Letter Book F, fo. 185b.

M312 Measures taken for the suppression of piracy, July, 1350.

560 Letter Book F, fos. 187b, 188b.

561 Avesbury (Rolls Series No. 93), p. 412.

562 Letter Book F, fos. 174, 176.

M313 Charter relative to the City's gold mace, 10 June, 1354.

563 Rot. Parl., ii, 155.

M314 Renewal of war with France, 1355.

564 Letter Book G, fo. 47.--Their cost, amounting to nearly L500, was
assessed on the wards.

M315 Battle of Poitiers, 19 Sept., 1356

565 Letter Book G, fo. 53b. (Memorials, pp. 285-289).

566 Walshingham (Rolls Series No. 28), i, 283. Chron. Angliae (Rolls
Series No. 64), p. 37.

567 Letter Book G, fos. 65-67.

M316 Grievances of the city laid before the king.

568 Letter Book G, fo. 60.

569 Relief on this point was afforded by the king in February, 1359, by
the issue of a writ to the effect that the names of his purveyors
should be handed to the Mayor and Sheriffs of London, and that the
purveyors shall not seize any victuals until they had shown and read
their commission.--Letter Book G, fo. 74.

M317 Edward's last invasion of France, 1359-1360.

570 Walsingham, i, 288.

M318 The peace of Bretigny, 1360.

571 Letter Book G, fo. 133.

572 Stow's Survey (Thom's ed. 1876), pp. 41, 90.--If we include David,
King of Denmark (as some do), the number of kings entertained on
this occasion was five, and to this day the toast of "Prosperity to
the Vintners' Company" is drunk at their banquets with five cheers
in memory of the visit of the five crowned heads.--See a pamphlet
entitled _The Vintners' Company with Five_, by B. Standring, Master
of the Company in 1887.

M319 England at peace, 1360-1369.

573 Letter Book G, fo. 133.--The list of subscribers, as printed in
Herbert's Introduction to his History of the Twelve Great Livery
Companies (p. 32), is very inaccurately transcribed.

M320 The renewal of the war, 1369.

574 -_Id._, fo. 158.

575 -_Id._, fos. 225b, 226b, 235b, 236b.

576 -_Id._, fo. 228b.

M321 City loans, 1370-1371.

577 Letter Book G, fo. 247b.--The money was advanced on the security of
Exchequer bills. The names of the contributors and the several sums
contributed, covering three folios of the Letter Book, have been for
some reason erased.

578 -_Id._, fos. 263, 270.

M322 New form of taxation, 1371.

579 Fasciculi Zizaniorum (Rolls Series No. 5), introd., p. xxviii.

580 Letter Book G, fos. 274b-275.

581 -_Id._, fo. 268.

582 Letter Book G, fos. 268b, 270.

583 The number of parishes is elsewhere given as 110.--_Id._, fo. 275. A
list of London benefices, under date 31 Edward I [1302-3], is given
in the City's Liber Custumarum (i, 228-230), the number being 116.

M323 The city as an ecclesiastical centre.

584 Ralph de Diceto (Rolls Series No. 68), pref. vol. i, p. lvi.

585 Chron. Edward I and II, introd., vol. i., p. xli.

M324 The prosecution of the war, 1371-1375.

586 Letter Book G, fo. 271. (Memorials, pp. 350-352).

587 -_Id._, fo. 289b.

588 Walsingham, i, 315.

589 Letter Book G, fos. 297, 298, 304b, 306b, 307.

590 Letter Book G, fo. 312b. Letter Book H, fos. 17-19b.

M325 Charges against city aldermen, 1376.

591 The parliament was originally summoned for the 12th February, but
did not meet before the 28 April. The city members were John Pyel
and William Walworth, Aldermen, William Essex and Adam Carlile,
commoners.--Letter Book H. fos. 28. 29.

592 Chron. Angliae (Rolls Series No. 64), 78, 79.

593 Walsingham i, 321. Higden's Polychron (Rolls Series No. 41), viii,
385. Chron. Angliae (Rolls Series No. 64), pp. 94, 392.

594 Letter Book H, fo. 45b.

M326 A new system of election by the guilds, instead of the wards,
introduced, 1376.

595 See the king's letter, dated "Haddele" Castle, 29 July, 1376.--Letter
Book H, fo. 44.

596 The names of the representatives of the guilds forming the first
Common Council of the kind are placed on record.--Letter Book H, fos.
46b, 47.

597 -_Id._, fo. 44b.

598 Letter Book H, fo. 46.

599 -_Id._, fos. 47, 161; Journal 11, fo. 89.

600 Charter, dated 26 May, 15 Edward III, _Supra_ p. 188.

M327 The old system of election by wards reverted to in 1384.

601 Letter Book H, fo. 173.--The names of those elected by the wards to
the Common Council two years later (9 Ric. II), are inserted on a
cedula between membranes, 15 and 16, of Pleas and Memoranda, Roll A
27.

M328 Proceedings against Alice Perers, the king's mistress, 1376.

602 Walsingham, i, 327. Chron. Angliae, pp. 142, 143. Modern writers,
however, have discovered some good qualities in this lady.--See Notes
and Queries, 7th Series, vol. vii, pp. 449, _et seq._

603 Chron. Angliae, p. 130.

604 See Hust., Rolls, 95, (130) (13O); 97, (9); 98, (73) (74) (82); 109,
(6) (7) (8); also Will of William Burton--Calendar of Wills, Court of
Hust., London, ii, 301.

605 Letter Book H, fo. 77b.

606 -_Id._, fo. 47b.

607 Pat. Roll, 3 Ric. II, part 1.

M329 Charter forbidding free trade to merchant strangers, 4 Dec., 1376. M330 Hostility between the City and Lancaster.

608 "Ut de cetero non major, antiquo more, sed capitaneus Londoniis
haberetur, et quod Marescallus Angliae in illa civitate, sicut alibi,
reos arestare valeret; cum multis petitionibus quae; manifeste
obviabant urbis libertatibus et imminebant civium
detrimento."--Chron. Angliae, p. 120.

609 Chron. Angliae, pp. 123-125, 397; Walsingham, i, 325.

M331 Interview between the king and the citizens to explain matters.

610 Chron. Angliae, pp. 125, 398.

611 -_Id._, pp. 127, 128.

612 Chron. Angliae, p. 129.

M332 Another interview with the king at Shene.

613 Letter Book H, fos. 58, 59.

614 Chron. Angliae, p. 134.

M333 The king's death, 21 June, 1377.

615 Chron. Angliae, p. 129.

616 -_Id._, pp. 136-137, 142-143.

M334 Reconciliation between Lancaster and the City, 1377.

617 Chron. Angliae, pp. 146-149. The chronicler expresses the utmost joy
and astonishment at the sudden change in the duke's manner. It was
(he says) nothing less than a miracle that one who had so recently
demanded a present of precious stones and 100 tuns of wine, as the
price of his favour, should now appear so complacent.

618 -_Id._, pp. 150, 151.

M335 The coronation of Richard II, 16 July, 1377.

619 "Londonienses praecipue obloquebantur, dicentes jam perpaucorum
proceruin corda fore cum Rege, eos solos sibi fideles esse; quorum
Rex licet ironice, vocabatur a nonnullis proceribus, eo quod ipsi
multum juvissent eum in coronatione sua."--Walsingham i, 370; _Cf._
Chron. Angliae, p. 200.

620 Chron. Angliae, p. 153.

621 Lib. Cust. ii, 467, 468. It appears from the City Records, that the
king's butler in ordinary could claim the office of Coroner of the
city.--See Letter Book H, fos. 68, 77b.

M336 A city loan and parliamentary supplies, 1377.

622 The Isle of Wight had been surprised and taken, Rye had been
captured, Hastings had been destroyed by fire, and Winchelsea would
have fallen into the hands of the enemy but for the bold defence
made by the Abbot of Battle.--Walsingham i, 340-342; Chron. Angliae,
pp. 151, 166, 167.

623 Letter Book H, fos. 76-77, 83.

624 Et deputati sunt ad hujus pecuniae custodiam duo cives Londonienses,
scilicet Willelmus Walworthe et Johannes Philipot.--Chron. Angliae, p.
171. Eight other citizens, viz., Adam Lovekyn, William Tonge, Thomas
Welford, Robert Lucas, John Hadley, John Northampton, John Organ,
and John Sely, were appointed collectors of the two
fifteenths.--Letter Book H, fo. 90.

M337 Charter granted to the city with the assent of parliament, 4 Dec.,
1377.

625 Dated 4 Dec, 1377. Preserved at the Guildhall (Box No. 9).

626 Letter Book H, fo. 82.

M338 The subsidy taken out of the hands of Walworth and Philipot, 1378.

627 Chron. Angliae, p. 194: Walsingham i, 367. It was stated before
parliament, in 1378, that Walworth and Philipot had laid out every
penny of the subsidy.--Stubbs, Const. Hist., ii, 445 note.

M339 Patriotic conduct of John Philipot.

628 Chron. Angliae, pp. 199, 200. Philipot again showed his patriotism in
1380, by providing money and arms for an expedition sent to assist
the Duke of Brittany.--_Id._, p. 266. He died in the summer of
1384.--Walsingham, ii, 115.

629 Letter Book H, fo. 95.

M340 Factions in the City for and against the Duke of Lancaster, 1378.

630 "Et idcirco locum illum elegerant praemeditato facinori; ne
Londonienses, si Londoniis fuisset Parliamentum praedictum, sua
auctoritate vel potentia eorum conatus ullatenus
impedirent."--Walsingham, i, 380.

631 Letter Book H, fo. 101b. (Memorials, p. 427).

M341 The Earl of Buckingham and his partizans withdraw themselves and
their custom from the City, 1378.

632 Letter Book H, fos. 109b, 110.

M342 Another City loan of L5,000, Feb., 1379.

633 -_Id._, fos. 107, 108, 109.

M343 The poll-tax of 1379.

634 -_Id._, fos. 111b, 113.

M344 Renewal of the poll-tax, 1380.

635 Letter Book H, fos. 128, 132.

M345 The peasants' revolt under Wat Tyler, 1381.

636 The story of the insurrection under Wat Tyler, and of his death at
the hands of Walworth, as told in Letter Book H, fo. 133b
(Memorials, pp. 449-451), varies in some particulars from that given
by Walsingham (i, 454-465), and in the Chronicon Angliae (pp.
285-297).

637 Letter Book H, fo. 134.

M346 Orders given for safeguarding the city, 20 June.

638 -_Id._, fo. 134b.

639 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 24, membr. 9.

640 Walsingham, i, 467-484; ii, 23.

M347 Confession made by "Jack Straw."

641 Walsingham, ii, 13.

642 -_Id._, ii, 9, 10.

M348 Revulsion of feeling against the Lollards after the suppression of
the peasants' revolt, 1382.

643 Letter Book H, fos. 149b, 150.

M349 Reforms in the city during Northampton's first mayoralty, 1381-1382.

644 "Homo duri cordis et astutus, elatus propter divitias et superbus,
qui nec inferioribus adquiescere, nec superiorum allegationibus sive
monitis flecti valeret quin quod inceperat proprio ingenio torvo
proposito ad quemcunque finem perducere niteretur."--Walsingham, ii,
65.

645 Letter Book H, fo. 144. (Memorials, p. 463).

646 Letter Book H, fo. 146b.

647 -_Id._, fos. 153-154.

M350 Northampton re-elected mayor at the king's request, Oct., 1382.

648 Walsingham, ii, 71. From the City's Records it appears that early in
1383, William Baret was alderman of Philipot's ward (Cornhill); but
in the following year, when Brembre succeeded to his mayoralty, and
the so-called "king's party" was again in the ascendant, Philipot
again appears as alderman of his old ward, continuing in office
until his death (12 Sept., 1384), when he was succeeded by John
Rote.--Letter Book H, fos. 163, 174.

649 Letter Book H, fo. 155b.

650 Letter Book H, fo. 154.

M351 Brembre succeeds Northampton in the mayoralty, Oct., 1383.

651 Letter Book H, fo. 168. Three years later, "the folk of the Mercerye
of London" complained to parliament that Brembre and his "upberers"
had on this occasion obtained his election by force--"through debate
and strenger partye."--(Rot., Parl. iii, 225). There is no evidence
of this in the City's Records, although there appears to have been a
disturbance at his re-election in 1384. It may be to this that the
Mercers' petition refers. It is noteworthy that at the time of his
election in 1383, Brembre was not an alderman, although in the
previous year, and again in the year following his election, he is
recorded as Alderman of Bread Street Ward.--Letter Book H, fos. 140,
163, 174.

652 Breve quod piscenarii libertatis civitatis Londoniae exerceant artem
suam ut consueverunt. Dated 27 Nov., 1383.--Letter Book H, fo. 172.

653 -_Id._, fos. 154-154b, 176-177.

M352 Richard's second charter to the City, 26 Nov., 1383.

654 Dated 26 Nov., 7 Ric. II. Preserved at the Guildhall (Box No. 9).

655 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 27, membr. 3 dors.

656 Letter Book H, fos. 166, 167.

M353 Proceedings against Northampton.

657 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 27, membr. 3.

658 Writ dated 9 February; Letter Box H, fo. 173b.

659 -_Id._, fos. 173b, 174b.

660 -_Id._, fo. 174.

M354 Trial of Northampton at Reading.

661 Letter Book H, fo. 179.

662 Letter Book H, fo. 179b; Walsingham, ii, 116.

663 Hidgen, Polychron. (Rolls Series No. 41), ix, 45 _seq._

M355 Is committed to Tintagel Castle.

664 "Haec autem omnia sibi fieri procurarunt aemuli piscarii, ut
dicebabur, quia per illos stetit quod ars et curia eorum erant
destructae."--Higden, ix, 49.

M356 Brembre's re-election to the mayoralty, Oct., 1384.

665 Letter Book H, fo. 92. (Memorials, pp. 415-417).

666 Letter Book H, fo. 182. The names of those specially summoned are
set out in Pleas and Mem., Roll A 27, membr. 15.

667 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 27, membr. 4, 5 and 6.

668 Higden, ix, 50, 51.

669 Letter Book H, fo. 182.

M357 Renewed efforts to obtain Northampton's release, March, 1386.

670 Letter Book H, fo. 198b.

671 Pleas and Mem., Roll A 27, membr. 26.

672 Letters patent of pardon received the king's sign manual on the 3
June, 1386 (Letter Book H, fo. 216), but the prisoners were not
released before April in the following year.--See Higden, Polychron.
ix, 93.

M358 A book of ordinances, known as "Jubilee," burnt by order of mayor,
Exton, March, 1387.

673 Letter Book H, fo. 214. (Memorials, p. 494).

674 Rot. Parl. iii, 227, cited by Riley in his "Memorials," p. 494,
note.

675 Letter Book H, fo. 176b.

M359 Further efforts to secure Northampton's release, 1387.

676 This letter, which was dated the 27 April, was delivered to Lord
Zouche at his house by John Reche, Common Pleader, and Ralph Strode
and John Harwell, Sergeants-at-Arms.--Letter Book H, fo. 215b.

M360 Northampton set free, 27 April, 1387.

677 "Super quo dominus Rex respondit quod licet in sua potestate fuerat
cum ipsis, Johanne, Johanne et Ricardo agere graciose bene tamen
sibi provideret priusquam foret eis graciam concessurus."--Letter
Book H, fo. 215b.

678 Higden, Polychron. ix, 93.

679 Letter Book H, fo. 222.

M361 Letter from the mayor to the king, 5 Oct.

680 The oath as set out in the letter to the king differs from another
copy of the oath, which immediately precedes the letter in Letter
Book H, fos. 220b, 221; a clause having been subsequently added to
the latter to the effect that the swearer abjured the opinions of
Northampton and his followers, and would oppose their return within
the bounds and limits set out in the king's letters patent.

M362 The king's reply, 7 Oct.

681 Letter Book H, fo. 222.

682 Letter Book H, fo. 223b.

M363 The Parliament of 1386.

683 Walsingham, ii, 150.

M364 Appointment of a Commission of Regency. M365 The Commission declared illegal. M366 Richard applies to the City for assistance.

684 Higden, Polychron. ix, 104.

685 Letter Book H, fo. 223b.

M367 The king's advisers charged with treason, 14 Nov.

686 Higden, Polychron. ix, 106; Walsingham, ii, 166.

M368 The mayor and aldermen summoned to Windsor, 28 Nov.

687 Letter Book H, fo. 223b. (Memorials, p. 449.)

688 Higden, Polychron. ix, 108-109.

M369 Richard obliged to submit. M370 Flight of the accused.

689 "Londonienses ... mobiles erant ut arundo, et nunc cum Dominis, nunc
cum Rege, sentiebant, nusquam stabiles sed fallaces."--Hist. Angliae,
ii, 161.

690 Higden, Polychron. ix, 108; Walsingham, ii, 169.

691 Pleas and Mem., Roll A, membr. 7.