Chapter III: Section 1: Flowers in unisexual aments (female flowers of Juglans and

Quercus solitary or in spikes_); ovary inferior (_superior in Leitneriaceæ_) when a calyx is present.

V. Salicaceæ (p. 119). Flowers diœcious, without a calyx. Fruit a
2—4-valved capsule. Leaves simple, alternate, with stipules,
deciduous.
VI. Myricaceæ (p. 163). Flowers monœcious or diœcious; fruit a dry
drupe, covered with waxy exudations; leaves simple, alternate,
resinous-punctate, persistent.
VII. Leitneriaceæ (p. 167). Flowers diœcious, the staminate without a
calyx; ovary superior; fruit a compressed oblong drupe; leaves
alternate, simple, without stipules, deciduous.
VIII. Juglandaceæ (p. 168). Flowers monœcious; fruit a nut inclosed in
an indehiscent (Juglans) or 4-valved (Carya) fleshy or woody
shell; leaves alternate, unequally pinnate without stipules,
deciduous.
IX. Betulaceæ (p. 200). Flowers monœcious; fruit a nut at the base of
an open leaf-like involucre (Carpinus), in a sack-like
involucre (Ostrya), in the axil of a scale of an ament
(Betula), or of a woody strobile (Alnus); leaves alternate,
simple, with stipules, deciduous.
X. Fagaceæ (p. 227). Flowers monœcious; fruit a nut more or less
inclosed in a woody often spiny involucre; leaves alternate,
simple, with stipules, deciduous (_in some species of Quercus
and in Castanopsis and Lithocarpus persistent_).

Section 2. Flowers unisexual (_perfect in Ulmus_); calyx regular, the stamens as many as its lobes and opposite them; ovary superior, 1-celled; seed 1.

XI. Ulmaceæ (p. 308). Fruit a compressed winged samara (Ulmus), a
drupe (Celtis and Trema), or nut-like (Planera), leaves
simple, alternate, with stipules, deciduous (_persistent in
Trema_).
XII. Moraceæ (p. 328). Flowers in ament-like spikes or heads; fruit
drupaceous, inclosed in the thickened calyx and united into a
compound fruit, oblong and succulent (Morus), large, dry and
globose (Toxylon), or immersed in the fleshy receptacle of the
flower (Ficus); leaves simple, alternate, with stipules,
deciduous (_persistent in Ficus_).