Chapter V: Section 1: Polypetalæ. Corolla of separate petals

A. Ovary superior (_partly inferior in Hamamelidaceæ; inferior in Malus, Sorbus, Heteromeles, Cratægus, and Amelanchier in Rosaceæ_).

XVI. Magnoliaceæ (p. 342). Flowers perfect; sepals and petals in 3 or
4 rows of 3 each; fruit cone-like, composed of numerous
cohering carpels; leaves simple, alternate, their stipules
inclosing the leaf-buds, deciduous or rarely persistent.
XVII. Anonaceæ (p. 353). Flowers perfect; sepals 3; petals 6 in 2
series; fruit a pulpy berry developed from 1 or from the union
of several carpels; leaves simple, alternate, without
stipules, deciduous or persistent.
XVIII. Lauraceæ (p. 356). Flowers perfect or unisexual; corolla 0;
fruit a 1-seeded drupe or berry; leaves simple, alternate,
punctate, without stipules, persistent (_deciduous in
Sassafras_).
XIX. Capparidaceæ (p. 365). Flowers perfect; sepals and petals 4;
fruit baccate, elongated, dehiscent; leaves alternate, simple,
without stipules, persistent.
XX. Hamamelidaceæ (p. 366). Flowers perfect or unisexual; sepals and
petals 5 (_corolla 0 in Liquidambar_); ovary partly inferior;
fruit a 2-celled woody capsule opening at the summit; leaves
simple, alternate, with stipules, deciduous.
XXI. Platanaceæ (p. 371). Flowers monœcious, in dense unisexual
capitate heads; fruit an akene; leaves simple, alternate, with
stipules, deciduous.
XXII. Rosaceæ (p. 376). Flowers perfect; sepals and petals 5 (_petals
0 in Cercocarpus_); ovary inferior in Malus, Sorbus,
Heteromeles, Cratægus, and Amelanchier; fruit a drupe (Prunus
and Chrysobalanus), a capsule (Vauquelinia and Lyonothamnus),
an akene (Cowania and Cercocarpus), or a pome (Malus, Sorbus,
Heteromeles, Cratægus, and Amelanchier); leaves simple or
pinnately compound, alternate (_opposite in Lyonothamnus_),
with stipules, deciduous or persistent.
XXIII. Leguminosæ (p. 585). Flowers perfect, regular or irregular;
fruit a legume; leaves compound, or simple (Dalea), alternate,
with stipules, deciduous or persistent.
XXIV. Zygophyllaceæ (p. 630). Flowers perfect; calyx 5-lobed; petals
5; fruit capsular, becoming fleshy; leaves opposite, pinnate,
with stipules, persistent.
XXV. Malpigiaceæ (p. 631). Flowers usually perfect rarely dimorphous;
calyx 5-lobed; petals 5, unguiculate; fruit a drupe or samara;
leaves opposite, simple, entire, persistent; often with
stipules.
XXVI. Rutaceæ (p. 633). Flowers unisexual or perfect; fruit a capsule
(Xanthoxylum), a samara (Ptelea), of indehiscent winged
1-seeded carpels (Helietta), or a drupe (Amyris); leaves
alternate or opposite, compound, glandular-punctate, without
stipules, persistent or rarely deciduous (_0 in Canotia_).
XXVII. Simaroubaceæ (p. 641). Flowers diœcious, calyx 5-lobed; petals
5; fruit drupaceous (Simarouba), baccate (Picramnia), a samara
(Alvaradoa); leaves alternate, equally pinnate, without
stipules, persistent.
XXVIII. Burseraceæ (p. 645). Flowers perfect; calyx 4 or 5-parted;
petals 5; fruit a drupe; leaves alternate, compound, without
stipules, deciduous.
XXIX. Meliaceæ (p. 648). Flowers perfect; calyx 5-lobed; petals 5;
fruit a 5-celled dehiscent capsule; leaves alternate, equally
pinnate, without stipules, persistent.
XXX. Euphorbiaceæ (p. 649). Flowers perfect; calyx 4—6-parted
(Drypetes), 3-lobed (Hippomane), or 0 (Gymnanthes); petals 0;
fruit a drupe (Drypetes and Hippomane), or a 3-lobed capsule
(Gymnanthes).
XXXI. Anacardiaceæ (p. 655). Flowers usually unisexual, diœcious or
polygamo-diœcious (_Pistacia without a calyx, and without a
corolla in the North American species_); fruit a dry drupe;
leaves simple or compound, alternate, without stipules,
deciduous (_persistent in Pistacia and in one species of
Rhus_).
XXXII. Cyrillaceæ (p. 665). Flowers perfect; calyx 5—8-lobed; petals
5—8; fruit an indehiscent capsule; leaves alternate, without
stipules, persistent (_more or less deciduous in Cyrilla_).
XXXIII. Aquifoliaceæ (p. 668). Flowers polygamo-diœcious; calyx 4 or
5-lobed; petals 5; fruit a drupe, with 4—8 1-seeded nutlets;
leaves alternate, simple, with stipules, persistent or
deciduous.
XXXIV. Celastraceæ (p. 674). Flowers perfect, polygamous or diœcious;
calyx 4 or 5-lobed; petals 4 or 5; fruit a drupe, or a capsule
(Evonymus); leaves simple, opposite or alternate, with or
without stipules, persistent (_deciduous in Evonymus_).
XXXV. Aceraceæ (p. 681). Flowers diœcious or monœciously polygamous;
calyx usually 5-parted; petals usually 5, or 0; fruit of 2
long-winged samara joined at the base; leaves opposite, simple
or rarely pinnate, without or rarely with stipules, deciduous.
XXXVI. Hippocastanaceæ (p. 702). Flowers perfect, irregular; calyx
5-lobed; petals 4 or 5, unequal; fruit a 3-celled 3-valved
capsule; leaves opposite, digitately compound, long-petiolate,
without stipules, deciduous.
XXXVII. Sapindaceæ (p. 711). Flowers polygamous; calyx 4 or 5-lobed;
corolla of 4 or 5 petals; fruit a berry (Sapindus and
Exothea), a drupe (Hypelate), or a 3-valved capsule
(Ungnadia); leaves alternate, compound, without stipules,
persistent, or deciduous (Ungnadia).
XXXVIII. Rhamnaceæ (p. 718). Flowers usually perfect; calyx 4 or
5-lobed; petals 4 or 5 (_0 in Reynosia, Condalia, and
Krugiodendron_); fruit drupaceous; leaves simple, alternate
(_mostly opposite in Reynosia and Krugiodendron_), with
stipules, persistent (_deciduous in some species of Rhamnus_).
XXXIX. Tiliaceæ (p. 732). Flowers perfect; sepals and petals 5; fruit
a nut-like berry; leaves simple, alternate, mostly oblique at
base, with stipules, deciduous.
XL. Sterculiaceæ (p. 749). Flowers perfect; calyx 5-lobed; petals 0;
fruit a 4 or 5-valved dehiscent capsule; leaves simple,
alternate, with stipules, persistent.
XLI. Theaceæ (p. 750). Flowers perfect; sepals and petals 5; fruit a
5-celled woody dehiscent capsule, loculicidally dehiscent;
leaves simple, alternate, without stipules, persistent or
deciduous.
XLII. Canellaceæ (p. 753). Flowers perfect; sepals 3; petals 5;
filaments united into a tube; fruit a berry; leaves simple,
alternate, without stipules, persistent.
XLIII. Kœberliniaceæ (p. 754). Flowers perfect; sepals and petals 4,
minute; leaves bract-like, alternate, without stipules,
caducous.
XLIV. Caricaceæ (p. 755). Flowers unisexual or perfect; calyx 5-lobed;
petals 5; fruit baccate; leaves palmately lobed or digitate,
alternate, without stipules, persistent.

B. Ovary inferior (_partly inferior in Rhizophora_).

XLV. Cactaceæ (p. 757). Flowers perfect; petals and sepals numerous;
fruit a berry; leaves usually wanting.
XLVI. Rhizophoraceæ (p. 763). Flowers perfect; calyx 4-parted; petals
4; ovary partly inferior; fruit a 1-celled 1-seeded berry
perforated at apex by the germinating embryo; leaves simple,
opposite, entire, with stipules, persistent.
XLVII. Combretaceæ (p. 764). Flowers perfect or polygamous; calyx
5-lobed; petals 5 (_0 in Conocarpus_); fruit drupaceous;
leaves simple, alternate or opposite, without stipules,
persistent.
XLVIII. Myrtaceæ (p. 768). Flowers perfect; calyx usually 4-lobed, or
reduced to a single body forming a deciduous lid to the flower
(Chytraculia); petals usually 4 (_0 in Chytraculia_); fruit a
berry; leaves simple, opposite, pellucid-punctate, without
stipules, persistent.
XLIX. Melastomaceæ (p. 776). Flowers perfect; calyx and corolla 4 or
5-lobed; stamens as many or twice as many as the lobes of the
corolla; fruit capsular or baccate, inclosed in the tube of
the calyx; leaves opposite, rarely verticillate, 3—9-nerved,
without stipules.
L. Araliaceæ (p. 777). Flowers perfect or polygamous; sepals and
petals usually 5; fruit a drupe; leaves twice pinnate,
alternate, with stipules, deciduous.
LI. Nyssaceæ (p. 779). Flowers diœcious, polygamous, diœcious or
perfect; calyx 5-toothed or lobed; petals 5 or more, imbricate
in the bud, or 0; stamens as many or twice as many as the
petals; fruit drupaceous (Nyssa), usually 1-celled and
1-seeded; leaves alternate, deciduous, without stipules.
LII. Cornaceæ (p. 784). Flowers perfect or polygamo-diœcious; calyx 4
or 5-toothed; petals 4 or 5; fruit a fleshy drupe; leaves
simple, opposite (_alternate in one species of Cornus_),
without stipules, deciduous.