Chapter XX: Section V

This Constitution may be altered or amended by a vote of three-fourths of the members present at any regular meeting, and notice to alter or amend the same shall be given at least one sitting before a vote thereupon.

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CODE OF ETHICS OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION.

The American Pharmaceutical Association, composed of Pharmaceutists and Druggists throughout the United States, feeling a strong interest in the success and advancement of their profession in its practical and scientific relations, and also impressed with the belief that no amount of knowledge and skill will protect themselves and the public from the ill effects of an undue competition, and the temptations to gain at the expense of quality, unless they are upheld by high moral obligations in the path of duty, have subscribed to the following _Code of Ethics_ for the government of their professional conduct.

ART. I. As the practice of pharmacy can only become uniform by an open and candid intercourse being kept up between apothecaries and druggists among themselves and each other, by the adoption of the National Pharmacopœia as a guide in the preparation of officinal medicines, by the discontinuance of secret formulæ and the practices arising from a quackish spirit, and by an encouragement of that _esprit du corps_ which will prevent a resort to those disreputable practices arising out of an injurious and wicked competition;—_Therefore_, the members of this Association agree to uphold the use of the Pharmacopœia in their practice; to cultivate brotherly feeling among the members, and to discountenance quackery and dishonorable competition in their business.

ART. II. As labor should have its just reward, and as the skill, knowledge and responsibility required in the practice of pharmacy are great, the remuneration of the pharmaceutist’s services should be proportioned to these, rather than to the market value of preparations vended. The rate of charges will necessarily vary with geographical position, municipal location, and other circumstances of a permanent character, but a resort to intentional and unnecessary reduction in the rate of charges among apothecaries, with a view to gaining at the expense of their brethren, is strongly discountenanced by this Association as productive of evil results.

ART. III. The first duty of the apothecary, after duly preparing himself for his profession, being to procure good drugs and prepartions, (for without these his skill and knowledge are of small avail,) he frequently has to rely on the good faith of the druggists for their selection. {379} Those druggists whose knowledge, skill and integrity enable them to conduct their business faithfully, should be encouraged, rather than those who base their claims to patronage on the cheapness of their articles solely. When accidentally or otherwise, a deteriorated, or adulterated drug or medicine is sent to the apothecary, he should invariably return it to the druggist, with a statement of its defects. What is too frequently considered as a mere error of trade on the part of the druggist becomes a _highly culpable_ act when countenanced by the apothecary; hence, when repetitions of such frauds occur, they should be exposed for the benefit of the profession. A careful but firm pursuit of this course would render well-disposed druggists more careful, and deter the fraudulently inclined from a resort to their disreputable practices.

ART. IV. As the practice of pharmacy is quite distinct from the practice of medicine, and has been found to flourish in proportion as its practitioners have confined their attention to its requirements; and as the conducting of the business of both professions by the same individual involves pecuniary temptations which are often not compatible with a conscientious discharge of duty; we consider that the members of this Association should discountenance all such professional amalgamation; and in conducting business at the counter, should avoid prescribing for diseases when practicable, referring applicants for medical advice to the physician. We hold it as unprofessional and highly reprehensible for apothecaries to allow any per centage or commission to physicians on their prescriptions, as unjust to the public, and hurtful to the independence and self-respect of both parties concerned. We also consider that the practice of some physicians, (in places where good apothecaries are numerous) of obtaining medicines at low prices from the latter, and selling them to their patients, is not only unjust and unprofessional, but deserving the censure of all high-minded medical men.

ART. V. The important influence exerted on the practice of pharmacy by the large proportion of physicians who have resigned its duties and emoluments to the apothecary, are reasons why he should seek their favorable opinion and cultivate their friendship, by earnest endeavors to furnish their patients with pure and well-prepared medicines. As physicians are liable to commit errors in writing their prescriptions, involving serious consequences to health and reputation if {380} permitted to leave the shop, the apothecary should always, when he deems an error has been made, consult the physician before proceeding; yet in the delay which must necessarily occur, it is his duty, when possible, to accomplish the interview without compromising the reputation of the physician. On the other hand, when apothecaries commit errors involving ill consequences, the physician, knowing the constant liability to error, should feel bound to screen them from undue censure, unless the result of a culpable negligence.

ART. VI. As we owe a debt of gratitude to our predecessors for the researches and observations which have so far advanced our scientific art, we hold that every apothecary and druggist is bound to contribute his mite towards the same fund, by noting the new ideas and phenomena which may occur in the course of his business, and publishing them, when of sufficient consequence, for the benefit of the profession.

VARIA—EDITORIAL.

THE JOURNAL.—With the present number, the first volume of the Journal is completed. In a pecuniary point of view its success has fully equalled the expectations of its originators; it is no longer an experiment, but is established on a firm basis, and will be continued with increased energy and a larger experience in the art of journalism. We have tried to keep faithfully in view the objects with which the Journal was commenced; while we have endeavored to present to our readers whatever of general interest or importance has been published abroad, we have the gratification to believe that some contributions to the general stock have first appeared in our pages which would otherwise never have seen the light. But those who confine the benefit of a journal solely to the information it imparts have but a limited view of its usefulness; an account of what is done abroad excites but little emulation compared with far humbler efforts made by our own friends, and in our own neighborhood, and the encouragement and promotion of such efforts is a large good, quite independent of the results that may be attained. The mere attempt to write on a subject like scientific pharmacy leads to a close scanning of the foundation of our opinions, to renewed experiments to ascertain their justness, to more enlightened views of the connection and bearing of our science. In this way we hope to see the good done by the {381} Journal greatly increased. The contributors to its pages have hitherto been but few in number, but its columns are open to all. They are controlled by no clique, are subservient to no views of merely personal advancement, and we will gladly, welcome communications from all quarters, judging of them only by their merit and usefulness.

THE DRUG INSPECTION LAW.

We had intended to have made some remarks on the debate which took place in the Convention regarding the admission of certain articles, under the law for the inspection of imported drugs, which, though possessing medicinal properties are, we believe, merely used for the purpose of adulterating other and better articles, but willingly give place to the subjoined communication from Dr. Guthrie, which, on the whole, advocates views similar to our own. With regard to the Carthagena barks, as they are termed, we confess to a desire for further information. Those barks vary very much from each other. Though not rich in quinia, some of them contain a large per centage of alkaloids, which are closely allied to it. We hope that the committee to whom the subject was referred by the Convention will not only cause proper analyses to be made of the commercial varieties of these barks, but will have experiments instituted regarding their comparative therapeutic value. The Hospitals of our country afford abundant cases of malarious disease, and, we have no doubt, the physicians attached to them would be ready to institute trials which would afford a satisfactory solution to this important question.

GEO. D. GOGGESHALL,

_My Dear Sir_,—The proceedings of the National Pharmaceutical Convention have just come to hand, and been perused by me, with no ordinary degree of interest.

You have known somewhat of my anxiety concerning these preliminary and forming stages of an Association of this character, and will readily believe that I have awaited the results of the late Convention, from which, most unfortunately for myself, I was compelled to be absent, with great solicitude. That solicitude has been relieved, and in its stead I have the assurance that a good foundation to a National structure has been laid, towards which hope points and expectation looks with joyous anticipations of future good.

I may be permitted to congratulate you upon the successful labors of the convention, and more especially upon the fact that you have avoided any untenable false ground both in the convention and organization of the Association.

That old stumbling block of “all drugs good of their kind,” in reference to our Drug Law, I see made its appearance again, but this time from a quarter I {382} little expected. But it had, notwithstanding its new paternity and eminent godfathership, only, so far as I can see, the same lame, diffuse and weak conclusions to back it.

I was the more surprised at seeing the resolution in the form offered as coming from my friend Dr. Stewart, of Baltimore, because I had considered him as one who held entirely opposite opinions, and from this fact, that in a communication made to me in January last, as special agent of the Treasury Department, charged with the examination of the practical workings of the Drug Law, he says, “I have inspected several hundred thousand dollars worth of one drug which requires some particular notice, as I understand your views and mine correspond with regard to it, and you have succeeded in arranging a uniform system of examination at the different ports.

The prominent principles upon which its value is based vary from about one to four per cent. The commercial article of the best varieties is graduated by the quantity of valuable element above referred to, but with regard to the inferior kinds this is not the case, as I have found upon repeated analyses that what are called bastard varieties (which are not used for extracting the valuable principles above referred to) _sell at_ higher prices in proportion to their resemblance to the _officinal kinds_. Even in cases where they contain no valuable medicinal constituents they are invoiced at 3 to 4 times the price of the other varieties on board the same vessel containing 3 per cent. Now if our object in this law is to discourage the introduction of those articles that are used for the purpose of adulterating medicines, it is manifest that the true interest of all will be served by admitting those only of the bastard varieties that are _equal_ to the inferior officinal varieties, particularly as they happen to be at a lower cost and are very abundant.” This is Dr. Stewart, Jan. 9, 1852. The whole of his report to me, a very interesting and able document, I intend publishing, and have delayed it for the purpose of accompanying it with some other matter of the same nature, not yet in hand.

If I understand him correctly, he took entirely opposite ground in the Convention, and I certainly shall look with no ordinary interest for some explanation of a change so entire, in one whose position and well earned reputation give him importance and great influence in the final settlement of this matter. What new light has shone upon his path? What new facts has he to offer? I say _final_ settlement, because I see by the appointment of a committee to whom the matter was referred, that the whole subject is but laid over. Although the convention negatived the resolution, as it did a _similar_ one a year ago in New York, they seem disposed to endow the question with as many lives as are fabled of the cat.

Notwithstanding all the reasoning of the author of the resolution, backed by the eminent professor, and aided by other reasons, thick no doubt as blackberries, you practical men who buy and sell these articles, were not convinced and never will be. They may cry out for “tooth powder,” until the demand for dentrifice shall quadruple, and tell us of the legitimate use of Carthagena or Maracaibo barks; (what is its legitimate use?) all in vain, for it is too well {383} known that the main use of the article is to adulterate the genuine barks. Why does the Drug examiner at Baltimore, Dr. Stewart, say that the “bastard varieties _sell at higher_ prices in proportion to their _resemblance to the officinal kinds_?” Why this demand for such as resemble the genuine, but to supply it to the buyers of Peruvian bark for the genuine and officinal. There can be no other conclusion. If more proof is wanting I take the remark of the gentleman from New-York, that the “house he was connected with sold large quantities in powder, and the parties purchasing did so knowing its origin.” No one could doubt this statement, at least as to the quantity annually purchased, who will go through half-a-dozen drug stores in any of the country villages or small towns any where in our country from Maine to Louisiana.

He will have offered prime, best quality cinchona bark for 40 to 100 cents almost any where, and in one half the cases the venders believe they are selling what they offer, for they bought it for that. Is this not so, or is it all bought for “tooth powder?” One half the druggists who go to our large cities, buy “pale yellow” and red bark, and never think to enquire for the inferior barks, and once drive these last from our seaboard cities, and we shall have done with them.

You are aware that I have had some opportunity of becoming acquainted with the drug trade of our country, and I assure you that throughout its length and breadth there is more worthless Peruvian bark sold and consumed by far than of the genuine, mostly, I hope through ignorance, but many times knowingly on the part of the dealer.

The same that has been said of these false barks, may be said of English rhubarb; when it is not sold for and in the place of Turkey, it is used to make powdered Turkey out of. But the resolution does not stop short at these two articles, as the discussion seemed to. There is “false jalap” undoubtedly good of its kind, but unfortunately for the buyer the kind is good for nothing, although it makes extract of jalap, that in looks cannot be told from the genuine.

There is also Egyptian opium, and a false Sarsaparilla and many other important drugs, that should have received the attention of the friends of this resolution, all of which, I beg to assure them, are undoubtedly good of their kind.

But I have written more than I designed by far, as the subject grows upon my hands, though I regard it a very important one, and vitally so to the drug law which lies at the very foundation of all beneficial results to grow out of this association, and the position of the association as to the whole subject is equally important, for if we unfortunately commit ourselves to a wrong principle in the start, and especially upon this standard of purity as applicable to our Drug examiners, which is now regarded as a test question by the community at large, we lose all hold upon their confidence, and with it all hope of effecting any good either to ourselves as a profession or to the community in general.

My chief object in addressing you this communication (intended for the New York Journal of Pharmacy, if you choose so to use it) is to record my experience as differing in toto from those of Dr. Stewart and Prof. Carson, and to elicit a full discussion of the whole matter. Let us have light! light! light enough to {384} settle this question, especially about the barks, for they are the source of this whole contention after all. There must be data enough to be had, upon which to form an opinion, and a correct one as to the medicinal virtues of Maracaibo, and Carthagena barks, as well as of English rhubarb, false jalap, Egyptian opium etc., etc.

I shall be perfectly satisfied if the labors of this committee result in fixing a definite standard of strength, or amount of alkaloids required to be found in barks before consumed for medicine, and therefore admissible under the act, but satisfied at nothing short of this, for till that is done there will never be any uniformity in the action of the law. I had designed to make some remarks upon the requirements of the law and its needed emendation which I must defer to more leisure.

Yours, etc., C. B. GUTHRIE.

Memphis, Tenn., November 2, 1852.

A DISCOURSE ON THE TIMES, CHARACTER AND WRITINGS OF HIPPOCRATES, READ BEFORE THE TRUSTEES, FACULTY AND MEDICAL CLASS OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS, AT THE OPENING OF THE TERM, 1852, BY ELISHA BARTLETT, M. D., PROFESSOR OF MATERIA MEDICA, AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. Published by the Class.

Introductory lectures are generally very common-place affairs. Custom has prescribed that every year the different medical schools shall be opened with them; and custom, too, has prescribed for them a certain limited range of topics. Year after year, in a hundred places, the same round is gone over, and the same good advice is listened to, and neglected. Dr. Bartlett has broken through all this. He has chosen for the subject of his discourse the Character and Writings of the Father of Medicine, and he has illustrated them well and thoroughly. This is not the place for a detailed notice of the lecture. Yet we cannot but call attention to the playful humour, the kindly and genial spirit which set off and enliven its details, and which, breathing from the whole air and features of the man, render him one of the most agreeable lecturers to whom we have ever listened.

EXCHANGES.—Hitherto the exchanges of this journal have not been conducted with proper regularity. It has neither been transmitted punctually to other journals, nor have they been received regularly in return. For the future this will be corrected; the journal will be forwarded immediately on its publication; and we hope our contemporaries will observe a like regularity with us.

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CONTENTS.

Accidents caused by a very small dose of Santonine given to a child, . . . 16

Act relative to the sale of drugs, . . . 62

Action of Sulphuric Acid on the insoluble residue left by opium, exhausted by water. Formation of a new alkaloid, . . . 318

Adulteration of certain drugs, and the methods of detecting said adulteration, . . . 73

Adulteration of sulphate of quinine, . . . 142

Aleppo Scammony, results of the examination of several parcels of, . . . 165

Alcohol in essential oils, a test for, . . . 154

Aloe Juice, Socotrine, . . . 235

Aloine, the crystalline cathartic principle of Barbadoes aloes, . . . 177

Aloine, . . . 318

American Journal of Pharmacy, . . . 252

Amount of loss in powdering drugs, . . . 225

Anodyne liquor, Hoffman’s, . . . 209

Application of Organic Chemistry to perfumery, . . . 148

Barbadoes Aloes, Aloine, the cathartic principle of, . . . 177

Barium Compounds, . . . 161

Bark, extract of, . . . 317

Belladonna, accidental substitution of, for extract of dandelion, . . . 321

Bestucheff’s tincture, . . . 233

Blistering cerate, . . . 72

Broom, Chemical examination of, . . . 189

Butter of Cacao, . . . 224

Camphor, as a stimulant, . . . 63

Carbonate of potash, preparation of pure, . . . 33

Carbonate of Soda, preparation of pure, . . . 36

Cavendish Society, . . . 64

Cerate, blistering, . . . 72

Cicuta, . . . 299

Cider, poisoning by adulterated, . . . 287

Chemical technology, . . . 128

Cherry laurel water, strength of, . . . 26

Chloric ether, . . . 48

Chloroform, as a solvent, . . . 197

Chloroform, remarkable specimen of decomposed, . . . 116

Chloroform, prepared from essences of lemon, copaiba, peppermint and bergamotte, . . . 157

Chromic acid, an escharotic, . . . 127

Chronic diseases, cure of by movement, . . . 221

Coal gas, used as a source of heat in laboratories, . . . 296

Cod liver oil, chemical composition of, . . . 240

{386}

Code of ethics of the American Pharmaceutical Association, . . . 378

Coffinism, . . . 63

Colchicum Autumnale, . . . 95

College of Pharmacy, . . . 128, 352

Colored fires for pyrotechnical purposes, . . . 248

Committee of College of Pharmacy, . . . 3

Comments on comments, . . . 252

Constitution of the American Pharmaceutical Association, . . . 375

Convention of the American Pharmaceutical Association, . . . 159, 252, 285, 331, 352

Convention delegates to, . . . 224

Croton oil, Chemical examination of, . . . 172

Dandelion, compound fluid extract of Senna and, . . . 15

Delegates to the Convention, . . . 224

Delegates to the National Pharmaceutical Convention, . . . 320

Division of gum resins in potions and in diachylon plaster, . . . 58

Drugs, adulteration of, . . . 73

Drugs, law, report on, . . . 264

Drugs, amount of loss in powdering, . . . 225

Dry Extracts, . . . 158

Envelopment of pills, . . . 146

Emplastrum epispasticum, . . . 255

Ergotine, preparation of propylamine from, . . . 280

Escharotic, chromic acid as an, . . . 127

Essential oil of bitter almonds, . . . 205

Essential oils, test for alcohol in, . . . 154

Essence of jargonelle pear, . . . 60

Essence of pine apple, . . . 114

Estimation of strength of Medicinal Hydrocianic acid, of bitter almond water, and of cherry laurel water, . . . 26

Ether, chloric, . . . 197

Extract of bark, . . . 317

Extract of belladonna, accidental substitution of, for extract of dandelion, . . . 321

Extract of Senna and dandelion, . . . 15

Extractum lobeliæ fluidum, . . . 249

Extracts, dry, . . . 158

Facts and discoveries in science, . . . 373

False jalap, . . . 4

Fires, colored for pyrotechnical purposes, . . . 248

Fluid extract of senna and dandelion, . . . 15

Fusel oil, . . . 257

Galbanum plant, . . . 220

Gambir, . . . 219

Gas, coal, use of as a means of heat in the laboratory, . . . 296

General method for detecting alkaloids in cases of poisoning, . . . 343

General report on the drug law, . . . 264

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Gelatinization of tincture of rhatany, . . . 319

Gelseminum sempervirens, . . . 368

Growth of plants in various gases, . . . 61

Guarana, . . . 243

Gum resins, division of in potions and in diachylon plaster, . . . 58

Gutta Taban, . . . 216

Heavy oil of wine, . . . 61

Heat, coal gas used as a means of, in the laboratory, . . . 296

Henry’s magnesia, . . . 127

Hints, practical, . . . 69, 133

Hoffman’s anodyne liquor, . . . 184

Honey, poisonous, . . . 350

Hydrate of potash, preparation of pure, . . . 33

Hydrate of soda, . . . 36

Hydrocyanic acid and bitter almond water, strength of, . . . 26

Hygeine, public, . . . 127

Hyposulphite of soda, easy method to make, . . . 259

Impurities, test for, in acetic acid, . . . 152

Indelible ink, . . . 106

Inks, writing, . . . 305, 371

Inspection of the drug law, . . . 381

Internal use of Atropine, . . . 125

Ioduretted oil, artificial, a substitute for cod liver oil, . . . 121

Ipecacuanha, tincture of, . . . 201

Iron, used in Medicine, notes on the preparations of, . . . 229

Iron, protiodide of, new method of preparing and exhibiting, . . . 250

Iron, soda, pyrophosphate of, . . . 92

Itch, ointment of stavesacre in, . . . 350

Jalap, two varieties of false, . . . 4

Jalap, resin of, . . . 155

Jargonelle pear, essence of, . . . 60

Lemon, essence of, preparation of chloroform from, . . . 157

Liquid socotrine aloes, . . . 235

Liquor magnesiæ citratis, . . . 132

Lobeliæ extractum fluidum, . . . 249

Loss in powdering drugs, . . . 225

Magnesiæ citratis, liquor, . . . 132

Magnesia, preparation of pure, . . . 199

Magnesia, Henry’s, . . . 184

Manganese, . . . 192

Manufacture of nitrate of potash, (saltpetre), . . . 273

Manufacture of writing inks, . . . 305, 371

Matico, pharmacology of, . . . 169

Means of detecting adulterations in sulphate of quinine, . . . 142

Measures, weights and, . . . 135

{388}

Medicine and pharmacy in Brazil, . . . 186

Medicines, act relating to, . . . 62

Medicine, preparations of iron used in, . . . 229

Medical hydrocyanic acid, estimation of strength of, . . . 26

Method of preparing and exhibiting protiodide of iron, . . . 250

Method of detecting organic alkaloids in cases of poisoning, . . . 343

Method of easy to make hyposulphite of soda, . . . 259

Mode of ascertaining the purity of essential oil of bitter almonds, . . . 205

Monesia, what is, . . . 167

Movements as a cure in chronic diseases, . . . 221

National Pharmaceutical Convention, . . . 285, 331

National Pharmaceutical Convention, delegates to, . . . 320

New alkaloid, discovery of, . . . 318

New remedies, . . . 351

New method of preparing protiodide of iron, . . . 250

Nicotine, poisoning by, . . . 17

Nitrogen of the air, other gases substituted for, . . . 61

Nitrate of potash, manufacture of, . . . 273

Notes in pharmacy, . . . 103, 129, 193, 260, 328

Notes on the division of gum resins in potions, . . . 58

Notice of some vegetable and animal substances, products of New Granada, . . . 89

Observations on a method of detecting organic alkaloids in cases of poisoning, . . . 343

Observations on the volatility and solubility of cantharidin, . . . 355

Officers of the College of Pharmacy, . . . 128

Oil, cod liver, . . . 240

Oil, Croton, . . . 172

Oil, fusel, . . . 257

Oil, ioduretted, . . . 121

Oil, of bitter almonds, . . . 205

Oil, heavy wine, . . . 65

Oil, test for alcohol in essential, . . . 154

Ointment, stavesacre, . . . 350

Ointment, stramonium, . . . 13

Opium, cultivation of, . . . 127

Opium, residue left by, . . . 318

Opium, letter on, . . . 45

Opium, observations on strength of tincture of, . . . 85

Opium, tincture of, . . . 279

Pear, essence of jargonelle, . . . 60

Perfumery, application of organic chemistry to, . . . 148

Pharmacopœia of the United States, . . . 27

Pharmaceutical Convention, . . . 30, 157, 193, 331

Pharmacy, . . . 119, 328

Pharmacy, College of, . . . 352

Pharmacy, Journal of, . . . 3, 252

{389}

Pharmacology of Matico, . . . 169

Pharmacy in Brazil, . . . 186

Pharmacy in Richmond, . . . 223

Pills, on the envelopment of, . . . 146

Pine apple, essence of, . . . 114

Poisoning by drinking adulterated cider, . . . 287

Poisoning, by tincture of aconite, . . . 190

Poisoning, Nicotine, . . . 17

Potash, nitrate of, . . . 273

Potions, division of gum resins in, . . . 58

Poisonous honey, . . . 350

Powdering drugs, loss in, . . . 225

Preparations of iron used in medicine, . . . 229

Preparations of the pharmacopœia of the United States, . . . 38

Preservation of iodide of iron, . . . 355

Practical hints, . . . 69

Propylamine, prepared from ergotine, . . . 280

Protiodide of iron, new method of preparing, . . . 250

Prosecution of a manufacturer of extract of dandelion, . . . 321

Pure magnesia, . . . 199

Pure Hydrate of potash, . . . 33

Pure Hydrate of Soda, . . . 36

Quinine, spurious sulphate of, . . . 192

Quinidine, . . . 141, 317

Santonine, . . . 16

Scammony resin, . . . 7

Scammony, Aleppo, . . . 165

Senna and dandelion, compound fluid extract of, . . . 15

Simaba Cedron, . . . 93

Socotorine aloes juice, . . . 235

Stavesacre ointment, . . . 350

Stramonium ointment, . . . 13

Sulphate of quinine, spurious, . . . 192

Sulphate of quinine, adulteration of, . . . 142

Sulphuric acid, action of on the residue left by opium, . . . 318

Suppositories of butter of cacao, . . . 224

Tannate of zinc, . . . 251

Technology, Chemical, . . . 317

Test for alcohol in essential oils, . . . 154

Tincture of aconite, poisoning by, . . . 190

Tincture, Bestucheff’s, . . . 233

Tincture, Ipecacuanha, . . . 201

Tincture, opium, . . . 279

Tincture of rhatany, . . . 319

United States Customs, . . . 289

{390}

Use of coal gas as a means of heat in laboratories, . . . 296

Valerianic acid, . . . 108

Virgin Scammony, . . . 7

Weights and Measures, . . . 135

Woorara, . . . 77

Writing inks, . . . 305, 371

Yatamansi, . . . 82

Yellow jessamine, . . . 368

Zinc, tannate of, . . . 251

INDEX OF AUTHORS.

BAILEY, DR. M. J.

United States Customs, . . . 289

BARNES, MR. J. B.

Valerianic Acid, and its salts, . . . 108

BERNARD, M. U.

On Woorara, . . . 77

BERNOUILLI, J. J.

A test for alcohol in essential oils, . . . 154

BOUNWYN, M. H.

New method of preparing and exhibiting protiodide of iron, . . . 250

BULL, B. W.

Virgin scammony, with some remarks upon the characteristics of
scammony resin, . . . 7

Results of the examination of several parcels of Aleppo scammony,
. . . 165

BUSHE, T. A.

On the Galbanum plant, . . . 220

CANAVAN, BENJ.

Notes in Pharmacy, No. 1, . . . 103

Notes in Pharmacy, No. 2, . . . 129

Notes in Pharmacy, No. 3, . . . 198

Notes in Pharmacy, No. 4, . . . 260

Notes in Pharmacy, No. 5, . . . 328

CHANTARD, M.

On the preparation of chloroform from the essences of lemon, copaiba,
peppermint, and bergamotte, . . . 157

COGGESHALL, GEORGE D.

Remarks upon some of the preparations of the United States
Pharmacopœia, 1851, . . . 38

The same continued, . . . 97

CURRIE, JOHN H.

On two varieties of false jalap, . . . 4

DORVAULT,

Remarks on the envelopment of pills, . . . 146

Pharmacology of Matico, with formulæ for its preparation, . . . 169

DUBLANE, M.

Chemical research on croton oil, . . . 172

DUPUY, EUGENE

On the preparation of stramonium ointment, . . . 13

Compound fluid extract of senna and dandelion, . . . 15

On blistering cerate, . . . 72

What is Monesia? . . . 167

{391}

GARROD, DR. A. B.

Observations on the strength of tincture of opium, . . . 85

GIBERT, M.

Report presented to the Academy of Medicine of Paris, on the
substitution of an artificial ioduretted oil for cod liver oil, . . .
121

GLADSTONES, MESSRS.

On the growth of plants in various gases, especially substituting
carbonic oxide, hydrogen and light carburetted hydrogen, for the
nitrogen of the air, . . . 61

GUILLER, M.

Indelible ink, . . . 106

GUTHRIE, DR. C. B.

General report upon the results and effects of the drug law, . . . 264

HARRIS, C. T.

On the adulteration of certain drugs and the methods of detecting said
adulterations, . . . 73

HOFFMAN, DR. A. W.

On the application of organic chemistry to perfumery, . . . 148

HOLTON, I. F.

Chloric ether, . . . 197

HOWARD, MR. ROBT.

Quinidine, . . . 141

KENT, EDWD. H.

On the heavy oil of wine, . . . 65

On the oil of grain spirit, or fusel oil, . . . 257

On the use of coal gas as a source of heat for the laboratory, . . . 296

LEPAGE, M. P. H.

On chloroform as a solvent, . . . 48

LEROY, G. F.

On tincture of Ipecacuanha, . . . 201

LIEBIG, J.

On the estimation of the strength of medicinal hydrocianic acid of
bitter almond water, and of cherry laurel water, . . . 26

MAYER, FR.

Note on the preparation of Bestucheff’s tincture, . . . 233

MOHR, DR.

On dry extracts, . . . 158

On Henry’s Magnesia, . . . 184

MONZON, DR. M. J. RAF.

Notice of some vegetable and animal substances natural products of New
Granada, . . . 89

ORFILA, M.

On poisoning by nicotine, . . . 17

PEREIRA, JONATHAN

On a remarkable specimen of decomposed chloroform, . . . 116

On socotrine aloe juice, . . . 235

PROCTER, W. JR.

On Hoffman’s anodyne liquor, . . . 209

Extractum Lobeliæ Fluidum, . . . 249

On the volatility and solubility of cantharidin, . . . 355

On Gelseminum Sempervirens, . . . 368

RITCHIE, D.

Guarana, . . . 243

SANDROCK, B.

Chemical examination of resin of jalap, . . . 155

SEEMAN, M. B.

On the simaba cedron, . . . 93

On Gutta Taban, . . . 216

On gambir, . . . 219

STAS, Prof.

Observations upon a general method for detecting the organic alkaloids
in cases of poisoning, . . . 343

On aloine, . . . 177

STENHOUBE, DR. J.

Chemical examination of Broom, . . . 189

TALLON, JOHN C.

Easy method to make hyposulphite of soda, . . . 259

URE, ALEX.

On the soda pyrophosphate of iron, . . . 92

WIEGAND, THOS. S.

Liquor Magnesiæ citratis, . . . 132

{392}

WINCKLER, DR. H. S.

Chemical composition of cod liver oil, . . . 240

Preparation of propylamine from ergotine, . . . 280

WURTZ, H.

On the preparation of pure hydrate of potash and carbonate of potash,
. . . 33

On the preparation of chemically pure hydrate and carbonate of soda,
. . . 36

Preparation of barium compounds, . . . 161

Preparation of pure magnesia, . . . 199

On the preparations of iron used in medicine, . . . 229

On the preservation of iodide of iron, . . . 353

ZIMMER, MR.

On the adulteration of sulphate of quinine, and the means of its
detection, . . . 142

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE

Original spelling and grammar have been generally retained, with some exceptions noted below. Errata mentioned in the endmatter of monthly issues have been ignored—left unchanged. Original printed page numbers are shown like this: “{52}”. Original small caps are now uppercase. Italics look _like this_. Footnotes have been relabeled 1–30. The commas used to end several paragraphs by mistake, e.g. on page 176, were changed to full stops. Superscript x looks like this: “^x” or “^{x}”. Subscript x looks like “‗{x}”. The transcriber produced the cover image and hereby assigns it to the public domain. Original page images are available from archive.org—search for “newyorkjournalof11852newy”.

Ditto marks, including “Do” or “do”, have been eliminated, replaced by repeated text. In a table on page 130, white space was employed as a ditto mark. In this table, the white space ditto and “Nitrici” have been replaced with “Acidi hydro nitrici”.

Page 36. The formula for ordinary monohydrated bicarbonate of soda is retained. The phrase “lost by ignition; O. 845 grn.” was changed to “lost by ignition; 0.845 grn.”

Page 44. Large curly brackets “}” employed as graphic devices to indicate combination of information over two or more lines of text were eliminated. There were examples of this on pages 44 and 58. The text was restructured as necessary to retain the evident meaning of the original brackets.

Page 63; “sufficient t supply” to “sufficient to supply”.

Page 70; added a full stop after “the doctor knows but little more”.

Page 81; “3nd” to “2nd”.

Page 86; “constitutents” to “constituents”.

Page 90; “exeoriating” to “excoriating”.

Page 100; “with fonr ounces” to “with four ounces”.

Page 110. The formula for valerianic acid is retained.

Page 122; “phrosphorus” to “phosphorus”.

Page 124; “a renecessary” to “are necessary”.

Page 126; “Anaethesia” to “Anaesthesia”.

Page 127; “engagaged” to “engaged”.

Page 142; “800 gains” to “800 grains”.

Page 167; “_Chrysophi lum;_” to “_Chrysophi lum._;”.

Page 169; “fossœ”, retained, possibly should be “fossæ”.

Page 170; “over their property” is retained, but maybe should be “owe their property”.

Page 171; “represents 1-10 of its weight of matico” is retained.

Page 209; “gavity” to “gravity”.

Page 225. In the table row “Potassæ Nitrat.”, “3 98” was changed to “3.98”.

Page 228. In table row “——— Bi-tartrat.”, “ 45” was changed to “.45”. In row “Buchu”, “ 96” was changed to “.96”.

Page 243; “hyrate” to “hydrate”. The words “guarana” and “guaraná”, in various states of capitalization, have been retained as printed throughout the book.

Page 244; “imformation” was changed to “information”, and “knowlege” to “knowledge”. The word “angnlato” is retained, but possibly should be “angulato”.

Page 249; “Salpetre” to “Saltpetre”.

Page 250; “incoveniences” to “inconveniences”.

Page 254; “evarated” to “evaporated”.

Page 259; “preciptate” to “precipitate”.

Page 261; “qnantity” to “quantity”.

Page 278; “mannfacture” to “manufacture”.

Page 280; unmatched right parenthesis was removed from “part i., p. 22)”.

Page 287; “rceive” to “receive”.

Page 297; “atttched” to “attached”.

Page 302. The original quotation punctuation is retained, although it appears wrong. The first paragraph has no left quotation mark, and the fourth paragraph has no end quotation mark. Similarly, the original quotation marks are retained on page 303.

Page 326, 327; “propable” and “propably” retained.

Page 330. A right parenthesis is added after “(perhaps it might be deemed worthy of the action of the convention” to close the left parenthesis.

Page 357; “catharidin” to “cantharidin”.

Page 369; “commom” to “common”.

Page 381; “satisfacfactory” to “satisfactory”. Also, there is a letter to “Geo. D. Goggeshall”. The name has been retained on page 381, although the only other reference to “Goggeshall” was on page 390—see below—where it was evidently wrong, and refers to “Coggeshall”.

Page 383. A matching right quotation mark was added to ‘say that the “bastard varieties _sell at higher_ prices in proportion to their _resemblance to the officinal kinds_?’.

Page 390. The name “Goggeshall” has been changed to “Coggeshall” on page 390 (Index of Authors) to conform with its position in the alphabetical list, and to agree with the names found on the referenced pages 38 and 97.