Chapter III: Part 3

_Butler's "Lives of the Saints"_ (Vol. viii., p.387.).--The inquiry respecting the various editions of this valuable work not having yet received any answer, the following information may in some degree satisfy the inquirer. The first edition of the Rev. Alban Butler's _Lives of the Saints_ was published in the author's lifetime, at various intervals from 1754 to 1759, when the last of the four volumes appeared, of which the edition was composed. Part II. of vol. iii. is now before me, with the date 1758. No other edition appeared till after the death of the learned and pious author, which took place in 1773.

The second edition was undertaken by the most Rev. Dr. Carpenter, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin, and appeared in 12 vols. in 1779. It is stated in the title-page to be "corrected and enlarged from the author's own MS." It did contain all the notes omitted in the previous edition, and other matter prepared by the author. The third edition was published in Scotland, and other editions followed; but I am unable to give any particulars of them. But the splendid stereotype edition, published in London by Murphy, in 1812, in 12 vols., is by far the best ever produced, or ever likely to appear. Since this there have been other editions; one in 2 vols., published in Ireland, and a cheap edition in 12 small vols., printed at Derby; but they deserve little notice.

F. C. H.

_Anticipatory Use of the Cross_ (Vol. viii. _passim_).--In answer to particular inquiry, I have been furnished by a resident in Macao with an answer, of which the following is the substance:--The cross is commonly used in China, and consists of any flat boards of sufficient size, the upright shaft being usually eight to ten feet high. The transverse bar is fixed by a single nail or rivet, and is therefore often loose, and may be made sometimes to traverse a complete circle. It is not so much an instrument of punishment in itself, as it is an operation-board whereon to confine the criminal, not with nails, but ropes, to undergo--as in the case of a woman taken in adultery--the cutting away of the flesh from the bosom. He adds, that he has witnessed such punishment, and he has no doubt that the cross has been used in this way in China immemorially. Any of your correspondents will much oblige me by correcting or confirming this statement from positive testimony.

T. J. BUCKTON.

Lichfield.

_The Marquis of Granby_ (Vol. ix., p. 127.).--A portrait of this nobleman constitutes the sign of a public-house at Doncaster, and of another at Bawtry, nine miles from that town. His lordship, it is said, occasionally occupied Carr House, near the former place, as a hunting-box in the middle of the last century. As an instance of his lordship's popularity, I may here add, that out of compliment to him, and for his greater convenience in hunting, at a period when there was a considerable extent of uninclosed and undrained country around Doncaster, the corporation directed several banks and passages to be made on their estate at Rossington; and in 1752, that body likewise presented the Marquis with the freedom of the borough.

C. J.

{361}

_Irish Letters_ (Vol. ix., p. 246).--The following inscription on the monument of Lugnathan, nephew of St. Patrick, at Inchaguile, in Lough Corrib, co. Galway, is supposed to be the most ancient in Ireland:

"LIE LUGNAEDON MACC LMENUEH." "The stone of Lugnaodon, son of Limenueh."

The oldest Irish manuscript is the Book of Armagh, which contains a copy of the Gospels, and some very old lives of St. Patrick. (See O'Donovan's _Irish Grammar_, Dublin, 1845, p. lii.)

THOMPSON COOPER.

Cambridge.

_Rev. John Cawley_ (Vol. ix., p. 247.).--In reply to the inquiry of C. T. R., What is the authority for stating that the Rev. John Cawley, rector of Didcot, was a son of Cawley the regicide? I send you the following extract from Wood's _Athenae_ (Bliss's edition), vol. iv. col. 580.:

"John Cawley, son of Will. Cawley of the city of Chichester, gent.,
was, by the endeavours of his father, made Fellow of All Souls' College
(from that of Magdalen) by the visitors appointed by Parliament, anno
1649; took the degrees in arts, that of Master being completed in 1654;
and whether he became a preacher soon after, without any orders
conferred on him by a bishop, I cannot tell. Sure I am, that after his
Majesty's restoration, he became a great loyalist, disowned the former
actions of his father, who had been one of the judges of King Charles
I.; when he was tryed for his life by a pretended court of justice,
rayled at him (being then living in a skulking condition beyond sea);
and took all opportunities to free himself from having any hand or
anything to do in the times of usurpation. About which time, having
married one of the daughters of Mr. Pollard of Newnham Courtney, he
became rector of Dedcot, or Dudcot, in Berkshire; rector of Henley in
Oxfordshire; and in the beginning of March, 1666, Archdeacon of
Lincoln."

[Greek: Halieus.]

Dublin.

_New Zealander and Westminster Bridge_ (Vol. ix., pp. 74. 159.).--Your correspondents have traced this celebrated passage to a letter from Horace Walpole to Sir H. Mann, and to passages in poems by Mrs. Barbauld and Kirke White. It appears to me that the following extract from the Preface to P. B. Shelley's _Peter Bell the Third_, has more resemblance to it. It is addressed to Moore:

"Hoping that the immortality which you have given to the Fudges you
will receive from them; and in the firm expectation, that when London
shall be an habitation of bitterns, when St. Paul's and Westminster
Abbey shall stand shapeless and nameless ruins, in the midst of an
unpeopled marsh; when the piers of Westminster Bridge shall become the
nuclei of islets of reeds and osiers, and cast the jagged shadows of
their broken arches on the solitary stream; some transatlantic
commentator will be weighing in the scales of some new and now
unimagined system of criticism, the respective merits of the Bells, and
the Fudges, and their historians."

JOHN THRUPP.

10. York Gate.

Several passages from different writers having been mentioned in your columns as likely to have suggested to our brilliant essayist and historian his celebrated graphic sketch of the New Zealander meditating over the ruins of London, I would beg leave to hint the probability that not one of those many passages were present to his mind or memory at the moment he wrote. The fact is that the picture is so true to nature, and has been so often sketched, and the associations and reflections arising from it so often felt and described, that I cannot for a moment admit the insinuation of a charge of plagiarism, or even unconscious adaptation of another's thoughts in one so abundantly stored with imagery of his own, that the very overflowings of his own wealth would enrich a generation of writers. It has however occurred to me that his classic mind might have remembered the picture of Marius amid the ruins of Carthage, or, more probably, the still more striking passage in the celebrated letter of Sulpicius to Cicero, on the death of his daughter Tullia, in which he describes himself, on his return from Asia, as sailing from AEgina towards Megara, and contemplating the surrounding countries:

"Behind me lay AEgina, before me Megara; on my right I saw Piraeus, and
on my left Corinth. These cities, once so flourishing and magnificent,
now presented nothing to my view but a sad spectacle of desolation."

And he then proceeds with his melancholy reflections on so many perishing memorials of human glory and grandeur in so small a compass.

G. W. T.

Volney wrote thus:

"Qui sait si sur les rives de la Seine, de la Tamise ... dans le
tourbillon de tant de jouissances ... un voyageur, comme moi, ne
s'asseoira pas un jour sur de muettes ruines, et ne pleurera pas
solitaire sur la cendre des peuples et la memoire de leur
grandeur?"--_Les Ruines_, chap. ii. p. 11.

MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.

_Misapplication of Terms_ (Vol. ix., p. 44.).--I cannot pretend to set up my judgment against that of MR. SQUEERS, who has in his favour the proverbial wisdom of the Schools. Riddle, however, who I believe is an authority, gives the word LEGO no such meaning as "to hearken." If Plautus uses the word in that sense, as it is an uncommon one, the passage should have been quoted, or a reference given. The meaning of {362} the word appears to be "to collect, run over, see, read, choose." In justification of my criticism, and in reply to MR. SQUEERS, I shall quote Horne Tooke's remark, in speaking of "[Greek: ta deonta], or things which ought to be done;" _Div. Purley_, Pt. II. ch. viii. (vol. ii. pp. 499-501., edit. 1849):

"The first of these, LEGEND, which means _That which ought to be read_,
is, from the early misapplication of the term by impostors, now used by
us as if it meant, _That which ought to be laughed at_. And so it is
explained in our Dictionaries."

At the hazard of being again deemed hypercritical, while on this subject, _the misapplication of terms_, I must question the correctness of the phrase "_Under_ the _circum_stance." A thing must be _in_ or _amidst_ its _circum_-stances; it cannot be _under_ them. I admit the commonness of the expression, but it is not the less a solecism. Can you inform me when it was introduced? I hope it is not old enough to be considered inveterate. The best authors write "in the circumstances;" and yet so prevalent is the anomaly, that in a very respectable periodical, not long since, the French "_dans_ les circonstances presentes," given as a quotation, is rendered "_Under_ the present circumstances."

J. W. THOMAS.

Dewsbury.

_Hoglandia_ (Vol. viii., p. 151.).--In reply to an inquiry for the full title of a book from which a quotation is given in _Pugna Porcorum_, the full title is [Greek: Choirochorographia], _sive Hoglandiae descriptio_, published anonymously in 1709, in retaliation of Edward Holdsworth's _Muscipula_. "Hoglandia" is Hampshire, and Holdsworth probably was a Hampshire man, for he was educated at Winchester, and we may presume the anonymous author to have been a Cambro-Briton.

H. L.

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{364}

WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.

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Founded A.D. 1842.

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H. E. Bicknell, Esq. | T. Grissell, Esq.
T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P. | J. Hunt, Esq.
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And the Annual Income from the
same source, to 109,000

Insurances, without participation in Profits, may be effected at reduced rates.

SAMUEL INGALL, Actuary.

* * * * *

ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE. MESSRS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg to inform the TRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March Brewings of their PALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the BREWERY, Burton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch Establishments:

LONDON, at 61. King William Street, City.
LIVERPOOL, at Cook Street.
MANCHESTER, at Ducie Place.
DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree.
GLASGOW, at 115. St. Vincent Street.
DUBLIN, at 1. Crampton Quay.
BIRMINGHAM, at Market Hall.
SOUTH WALES, at 13. King Street, Bristol.

MESSRS. ALLSOPP & SONS take the opportunity of announcing to PRIVATE FAMILIES that their ALES, so strongly recommended by the Medical Profession, may be procured in DRAUGHT and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the most RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on "ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE" being specially asked for.

When in bottle, the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its having "ALLSOPP & SONS" written across it.

* * * * *

W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had considerable experience.

1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY.

* * * * *

Patronised by the Royal Family.

TWO THOUSAND POUNDS for any person producing Articles superior to the following:

THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS PREVENTED.

BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual article for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and fine, effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring its natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its astonishing efficacy. Bottles, 2s. 6d.; double, 4s. 6d.; 7s. 6d. equal to 4 small; 11s. to 6 small; 21s. to 13 small. The most perfect beautifier ever invented.

SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED.

BEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. Its effect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds of the first families. Bottles, 5s.

BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. It also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If space allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, during the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1s.; Boxes, 2s. 6d. Sent Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, for 14 or 36 Post Stamps.

Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; BEWLEY
& EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, 9. Main
Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; DUNCAN &
FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, 229. Strand;
KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond Street; HANNAY,
63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers will procure
them.

* * * * *

ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on receipt of Two Stamps.

MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles of the kind ever produced.

J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand.

* * * * *

BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and 4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.

BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,

65. CHEAPSIDE.

* * * * *

Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, April 15. 1854.

* * * * *

Corrections made to printed original.

page 358, "I find that, by treating box sawdust": 'It find that' in original.

page 361, "unimagined system of criticism": 'sytem' in original.