Chapter VI: Evolution and Ethical Theories

Bearing of the theory of evolution, 126
1. On theories depending on moral sentiment or intuition, 127
(_a_) Ethical value of moral sentiments affected by their
origin, 130
(_b_) Organic character of moral sentiments, 132
Resultant attitude of evolutionism to intuitionism, 133
2. On egoism: relation of egoism to altruism, 134
(_a_) Social nature of the individual, 135
(_b_) Limits to conciliation of egoism and altruism, 141
(α) Continued existence of competition, 142
(β) Different and conflicting degrees of altruism, 143
(γ) Altruism of interest and altruism of motive, 143
(δ) Weakness of altruistic feelings, 146
(_c_) Tendency of evolution opposed to egoism, 148
Evolution not the basis of psychological hedonism, 148
Nor of ethical hedonism, 150
3. On utilitarianism, 152
Modification of the utilitarian method, 153
And of its principle, 155
Evolutionist objections to utilitarianism, 155
(_a_) As prescribing an unprogressive ideal, 156
(_b_) As a theory of consequences, 160
(_c_) As related solely to sensibility, 161