Chapter IX: On the Basis of Ethics

1. Principles involved in theory of evolution, 263
2. Unsuccessful application of these principles to ethics, 264
(_a_) The principles being treated empirically, 265
(_b_) No logical transition having been effected from efficient
to final cause, 267
3. Difference between causality and teleology, 269
4. Reference to self-consciousness implied in evolution, 277
(_a_) Attempt to trace the genesis of self-consciousness, 278
(_b_) Attempt to trace morality from reflex action, 283
5. The unity of self-consciousness, 284
(_a_) As making possible the transition from knowledge to
morality, 284
(_b_) As determining the character of the ethical end, 286
(_c_) As showing that the realisation of the end must be
progressive, 291

THE ETHICS OF NATURALISM.