Chapter II: Part 2

In April "Crested Larks" are entered, and a previous entry of the same is given on March 11th, both from XXVII. (Isle of May. [We would like to have examined these, and added the _real_ Crested Lark to the Isle of May Museum.] Not many records in April.

_In Autumn._--A few flying round the light on 24th August at N. Unst. Desultory movements at N. Unst in September.

In October about the 15th, 16th, 18th, an appearance of a "rush," or an actual "rush" on 18th at VIII. (N. Ronaldshay), and on 14th at XXVII. (Isle of May). At former 40 struck. E.S.E. wind. At latter "large numbers," with a S.W. gale, sleet. These no doubt are blown _off the land_. Latest date 18th. But reports in newspapers of immense gatherings of Larks near Dundee, St Andrews, and Midlothian and elsewhere, in January and again in March, being only, no doubt, local congregations caused by frost and snow in Scotland.

Sturninæ.--All returns for spring light. Earliest, February 9th at XXVII., and 11th at XIV. From 16th to 20th light returns, flock on 18th. By the 11th March breeding birds had arrived and taken up their haunts on XXVII., and about the same time an odd bird or two were seen resting on rocks of XXVI. (Bell Rock). Wind light westerly. As no records occur at Bell Rock at any other time in spring this year, even these odd birds occurring just at the time of arrivals elsewhere are significant perhaps of the general movement, these birds no doubt having overshot the land. Odd records in April at Fidra; a pair breeding there in May.

_In Autumn._--Earliest movement noticed at XXVII. "Large flocks of young birds, strangers." No records anywhere in September. In October movements noted at IV, (N. Unst) between 11th and 25th. On 11th flocks flying east, with light S.E. wind and haze. Only one record at XXVI. (Bell Rock) on 8th October. Rush decided at XXVII. on 17th, with strong E., rain and haze; two killed. Small movements at IV, VII, (Sumburgh Head), and XXVII. in November, and a few up to end of January 1886.

Corvidæ.--Earliest spring record of Rooks at XIV. (Pentland Skerries). Strong N.W. wind on 28th February. Rooks are recorded from the following stations:--VIII. (N. Ronaldshay), XIV, XXVII. (Isle of May); but all returns are very light indeed. In the first week in March a slight rush apparent at Sumburgh Head of Black and Hooded Crows--on 1st 50, on 6th 18, light N. to N.E.; and a few almost every day at XXVII. at same time. Records of Carrion and Hooded Crows are from VII. (Sumburgh Head), VIII., XIV., and XXVII. Earliest 1st March; latest 29th April. From three or four to eight or ten daily; long straggling migration.

_Jackdaws_ at XIV. on 25th, and 26th two, light W.N.W,, clear; and at same place seven on 8th June and one on 13th, no doubt visitors from either the Caithness coast or from Orkney.

_Autumn._--Similar movements of _Black Crows_ at IV, on 30th July, and at XIV. on 20th, 26th, two or three each time, Carrion Crows and Hooded Crows reported in autumn from IV., VIII., XIV., XXVII., XXVIII. B. (Fidra) in a pretty continuous and steady, though never heavy, stream, massing largest at IV. and at XIV., two, three, four, to once twelve (on 11th September at IV.) being the daily number observed. Dating from 1st record, 26th July, at XIV., to latest record, January 26th, 1886, one bird at XXVII., with easterly and northerly gale. _Rooks_--Infinitesimal movement; only two records, one in June and one in December, both at IV. _Ravens_--Small number. Two at IV. on 22d August, eight at IV. on 5th September, strong E., haze, feeding on rock; and two on 20th October at same place. Four _Jackdaws_ stopped a few days at N. Ronaldshay from the 6th November.

Cypselidæ.--At N. (Auskerry) flocks of Swifts seen on 1st May, with the note "rarely seen till the middle of June, wind N. and N.E., showers." Again seen at XXVII. on June 5th and 17th. We ourselves witnessed a party of Swifts migrating close along the cliff-edge of Holborn Head, on the N. coast of Caithness--"seven seen flying E., swiftly careering above the cliff-edge of Holborn, and crossing in a direct line the Bay of Thurso" (extract from Journal, 28th June 1885). We witnessed also eight evidently still bent on migration, "flying in a bee-line down Strathspey, high in air, at 11 A.M., near Black Boats station. Clouds, heavy rains, showers, and N.W. wind" (_loc. cit._, May 16th, 1885). There is undoubtedly a great highway of migration up and down the valley of the Spey, We have abundant evidence of it.

In Autumn.--One record at IV. Two seen on 11th September, light S., clear.

Jynginæ.--Mr Agnew very ably describes the Wryneck as follows, and it was afterwards identified and added to collection, and the tail, which had been shot away, was recovered afterwards by chance by Mr Wm. Evans, and restored to the specimen. Mr Agnew writes, and we give it as showing how accurately to describe a bird for purposes of identification:

"One bird, total stranger; very like a Partridge in markings; size of a Lark; 4 toes on feet, 2 before and 2 behind; fore toes largest; one of the hind toes not so large as the other; bill about the size of a Pipit's; tongue protruding more than an inch, thickly covered with fine hairs; ¼-inch of the tip horn, sharp as a needle. Don't know what it is unless Ant-eater. Very sorry tail shot away. Sent to Small for the Collection."--J. Agnew.

Cuculidæ.--April 26th, an early date of arrival, flew low from Dirleton woods towards XXVIII. B. (Fidra); light S. breeze. In May, on 10th, at Cromarty, fresh N.E., showers; on 16th at XXVII., fresh W.N.W.; and on 28th at same station, moderate S.W., clear. No autumn records.

Strigidæ.--No spring returns. _In Autumn._--Short-Eared Owls recorded from XXVII. (Isle of May), one of 9th October, 6 P.M., N.W.; one 14th, N.E. gale; and one _shot_ on 31st. The only other record is at IX. (Start Point), when "an Owl made its first appearance on the 6th November."

Falconidæ.--Hawks, Sparrow Hawks, large Hawks, and Kestrel bulk pretty regularly, mostly, however, single birds at XIV. and XXVII. in spring. Many daily records no doubt refer to the same bird seen over and over again, especially when such relate to Sparrow Hawks and Kestrels. Such visits are no doubt only of local origin. "Large Hawks" at XXVII. are not Peregrine Falcons, as such are well known to Mr Agnew, but probably Buzzards or Harriers. One shot on 11th April unfortunately fell into the sea and was not recovered. A "Dark-Brown Hawk" also noted on 11th March at Isle of May.

_In Autumn._--In August many local visits paid to flights of small birds at most insular stations sending returns, especially at IV., X., XIV., and XXVII. Falcons, Hawks, "large and small," few in September, none in October recorded, and a few in November. In former years three Eagles used to be seen regularly; are now believed to have been killed out at IV., and we know that orders and rewards have been given to the gamekeeper there for their destruction, as well as all "vermin."

Pelecanidæ.--Solan Geese.--Commencing in spring on 26th March, three seen flying east at XIV, strong N. wind. We may state here that winds seem to affect their passage very little at all times. Began to appear flying N. past VIII. (N. Ronaldshay) on April 18th, and flying east past XIV, 14th, 15th, and 20th--winds S.W. to S.S.E., and back to S.W., on the three dates respectively. An April "flock," and "flocks all day," by the 26th. Before that, usually in afternoons, and not in forenoons. In June "the number of Gannets flying, usually N. past VIII., increasing;" 10th, 19th, 20th, 25th, "flock," "flocks," "several flocks," "three." July to September, constant in "flights" of two to twelve. On September 4th, in haze and fog, flying N. past XIV., and always N. past VIII. Going E. still in October, few in November, and two records in December "seen fishing."

Ardeidæ.--At XIX. (Cromarty) seen on shore, 8 P.M., calm, haze. Two records in April at Cromarty and Fidra (XXVIII. B.); one in May at XXVII. (Isle of May); two in July--12th and 22d--flying N.E. at XIV.; three to six records in September at XIX. (Cromarty) and XIV.; one in October at XXVII.; and two records at XIV. and XXVII.

Anatidæ.--_In Spring._--Between 2d and 19th February, a flock of "Barnacle Geese" seen almost daily flying E. at different hours of forenoon and afternoon; and on 6th and 25th two flocks. Wind usually N. and E., except on 8th, 9th, and 10th, when it was westerly. The above at XIX. (Cromarty). I heard from other sources of the unusual quantities of Brent Geese in the Cromarty Firth and elsewhere on the East Coast this season--_i.e._, 1884-85--and also in 1885-86. The Geese at XIX. continued to be observed on April 10th and 14th, 1885, but not later.

Of _Swans_, only one record at VIII. (N. Ronaldshay), when six seen.

Of _Eider Ducks_, two flocks at XXVII.--light S.E., clear--on 2d March; and by 16th April most of the Eiders left. On 4th April flock of fifty males and females, about equal in number, at XXVII. This lot left on 6th; numerous again on 20th; but breeding birds and a few about XXVIII. B. (Fidra) on 26th April. In May, on 7th, 10th, and 16th, three males and three females all day about island, and continued till 21st--breeding, no doubt. Long-Tailed Duck, 3, 2 [male] and 1 [female], at XXVII. on 26th February 1885 (only record). A few Wild Ducks at XXVIII. B. on 28th April. "Stock Ducks."--Two at XIV. on 2d May, where they breed. Three "King Ducks" are noted at Isle of May, and the note "different from Eider" added on 31st May 1885, and "had a white spot on the black wings." (?)

_In Autumn._--We have records of Swans, Teal Duck, Stock Ducks, Ducks, Eider Ducks (or Dunters), Wild-drake, Barnacle Geese, and Widgeon. Stations returning are--VIII. (North Ronaldshay), returning "number of Ducks of different kinds, as Widgeons, Teal," and Eider Ducks "made appearance in great numbers" on 10th and 15th September respectively. At XIV., by far the largest returns of Ducks of sorts greatest in September. XIX.--"Barnacle" (?) Geese on 18th October.

At XXVII., record of Eiders, "all young birds except one old male," on 2d December; and latest record at XIV. of a flock near the rocks on 27th.

Columbidæ.--At XXVII. (Isle of May), a Turtle Dove shot on the 29th May--wind W., light, clear. "This bird had been severely wounded before."--J. A. A vast rush of Wood Pigeons is noted at XXVII. on November 29th, flying S.W. in countless thousands, making a rushing noise like a railway train. The wind after the great S.E. gale.[5]

[Footnote 5: Shifted to W., and on the 29th inclined to N.W., but shifted back at night to N.E.]

Rallidæ.--Spring records are:--

Heard at 4 A.M. at XIX. (Cromarty) on 19th May--light E., clear.

Heard by Keeper at XIV. (Pentland Skerries) when over in South Ronaldshay on 15th May. Heard on XIV. (Pentland Skerries), one pair, on 21st--wind S.E. They breed there.

One at XXVII. (Isle of May) on 14th, and again on 20th May.

No autumn records.

Charadriadæ.--A flock in February; probably belonged to last year's migration, and can hardly be admitted as spring movement at XIV. Oyster-Catcher--two entries in March and April; the former at XIV., where two arrived; and the latter at XXVII., where three were seen on the 13th April.

_In Autumn._--Golden Plover arrived 5th August, and usually remain all winter. Odd birds at XIV., also in August. On 6th September, single record of a Golden Plover; single ditto in October at XIV. Straggling records of little real use in tracing facts in November, when, however, they do _bulk_ largest. Odd notices in December and January 1886.

Other species noted are Green Plover (very few records), Ring Plover (November, only one entry), Oyster-Catchers (only taken notice of at XIV.--a flock in September), and "a number all day" at 28th November at XIV.

_Addition to Isle of May List and Collection._--Dotterel--One obtained, 3d May 1885 (See remarks under Diary of Stations), _in mus._, Isle of May.--Curator, Jos. Agnew.

Scolopacidæ.--_In Spring._--Snipe, Curlew, Woodcock, Jack-snipe are the species noted. Stations are XIV. and XXVII. only. Earliest Snipe record at XIV. on 16th February (may belong to last season's movements); "a number," and on 19th "a large number all day on island;" variable, clear. No March records, and only one of Snipe in April at XXVII.; S.E., light, clear on 18th. Jacksnipe--one at XXVII. on 5th April, and one at same place on 1st May; S.E., light clear on former date. _Curlew_ on XIV., rose off rocks; snow on ground on 19th February. Several records flying over island at XIV., in April, with various winds, and ditto in May, and "passing XXVII. at night on 22d May." Woodcock-Two records, one at XXVII. on 5th April--E.N.E., haze--rose off island; and one at XIV. on 11th--E.N.E., haze--rose off island.

_Autumn._--There are many entries in each month, as follows:--

{ July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. 1886.
1. { 11 entries. 8 10 15 17 9 2

These are composed principally of the following species, in order of their abundance:--

{ Curlew--
2. { July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. 1886. In all.
{ 10 entries. 7 9 3 3 1 0 33

{ Woodcock--
3. { July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. 1886. In all.
{ ... ... ... 4 6 5 1 16

{ Snipe--
4. { July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. 1886. In all.
{ ... 1 1 ... 2 1 1 6

{ Jacksnipe--
5. { July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. 1886. In all.
{ ... ... ... 1 2 2 ... 5

The stations returning in order of heaviest schedules and number of entries, as follows:--

{ July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.
{ XIV. 6 6 8 6 9 2 ... 37
{ XXVII. 3 ... 2 6 5 6 2 24
6. { VIII. ... ... ... 1 2 ... ... 3
{ X. ... ... ... 5† ... ... ... 5
{ XV. ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1
{ XXVI. ... ... ... ... 2 1 ... 3

† Some woodcock.

The records of VIII., X., and XV. refer entirely to Woodcock. The above tables we use in this place, as possibly affording a guide for future work in reducing our past seven reports to system. Under Table I. gives the time of year and comparative abundance of birds in each month. Table II. to V., comparative numbers of each species in each month. Table VI. gives relative faunal value of each station in each month. When decided "rushes" are noted, the word can be written in under the number of entries. Earliest and latest records may be given in footnotes to Table VI., or thus:--

Curlew Earliest, 3d July, at XIV. Latest, Dec. 6th, at XIV.
Woodcock " 15th Oct., at VIII. " Jan. 21st, at XXVII.
Snipe " 1st Aug., at XIV. " Jan. 13th, at XXVII.
Jacksnipe " 31st Oct, at XXVII. " Dec. 11th, at XXVII.
Whimbrel " 8th July, at VIII. (Only record).
_Rush._

The winds in autumn prevailed as follows:--

July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.
N.E. to S.S.E., N.N.E. to N.W. to N.W., N. to W. N., ...
occasionally S.S.E., S.W., north of at with ...
westerly occasionally once XIV.; XIV.; snow ...
and N. S.S.E. E. and N.E. S.E. at over ...
southerly. and S.E. XXVII.; all. ...
gale, and
south of S.S.E.
XXVII. and S. at
VIII.

_Added to the List of Isle of May._--_A Ruff_ (_Machetes pugnax_) sent for identification and for the collection, 5th May; light N.E. wind, clear. Most of this huge migratory flight of all sorts left by the afternoon of the 5th.

Sandpipers, Redshanks.--_Spring_, only two records of "Sandpipers," six on 7th Feb. 1885, at XXVII.; light S.W., clear; and one "Yellow Shanked Sandpiper" _found dead_ on 1st May at XXVII. [We would be glad of wings and feet, or skin, of as many different Sandpipers as Mr Agnew can send us. Parcels once a month, or with each schedule. The true "Yellow Shanked Sandpiper" is a N. American species, but numbers of other _species_ have yellow feet or legs.]

_In Autumn._--All records are crowded into September and November. Species are Redshanks, "Grey Sandpiper," Common Sandpiper, Purple Sandpiper. The "Common Sandpiper" is recorded from N. Unst, but the species is uncertain. [Please send wings or skin.]

_Turnstones_ are recorded, 18th Sept., at XXVII.; W.S.W., light, clear.

Laridæ.--Every month in the year contains returns. Species noted are Herring Gulls, "Dirty Allens" (or Skuas), "Gulls," "Black-Backed Gulls," "Kittiwakes," "Grey Megs" (or Common Gull), Black-Headed Gulls, "Skua Gulls," Richardson's Skuas.

_Spring and Autumn._--Every day plentiful in February, at XXVII. and XXVIII. B. Gulls arrived at XV. (Dunnet Head)--and left in August last--on 13th March 1885. Kittiwakes appeared first on 12th March, at XXVII., "earlier than usual," and very numerous by 13th; "came from S.;" N.W., light, clear. At XIV. seen all day flying around on 11th April; E.N.E., haze'; two Black B. Gulls sitting on rocks on 30th; S.S.E., haze. By April 20th, Kittiwakes had settled down in summer quarters on XXVII., and were in "multitudes" by 27th May. At XIV. a pair of Herring Gulls bred in 1884, and again in the present year, on same place; not before. In May, hundreds Black H. Gulls on the lochs near VIII. to breed.

Records unimportant in June and July, except that "Dirty Allens" are recorded at IV. on 2d July, and "Skua Gulls" at XIV. on 7th. In August, movement of Kittiwakes and other Gulls, and records continue numerously through the remaining months.

G. Terns,--a number arrived to hatch, "as usual," at VIII. on 14th May, and Lesser Terns at XIX. on 24th May. The latter disappeared again on 26th Aug.

Procellariidæ.--_Autumn_, July 3d, flying about the rocks at X. (Auskerry). In August, occasionally striking lantern at IV., VII., IX. (Start Point), and XV. (Dunnet Head). They breed at IX. among ruins of house, and under stones on shore.

September,--odd birds striking at IV. and at XIV. on five dates; three on 2d Sept, at IV., and two at same place on 6th. One record at IV. in October, and one at same place in November, usually in foggy or rainy weather.

Alcidæ.--More or less records every month. Arrivals. First spring visit of Guillemots and Razorbills at XXVII. on 8th March; remained in thousands to 15th; fewer up to 24th; disappeared and returned in multitudes to breed by 13th April; Puffins, Razorbills, and Guillemots. Also at VIII. "Rock Birds seen flying N. daily till 8th May." _N.B._--_Black Guillemots_ recorded at XXVII. on 5th May.

_In Autumn._--Puffins last seen at XIV. on 7th Aug., and all other Rock Birds left except Kittiwakes, on the same day at XXVII.

Flock of Guillemots hung about XIV. for a time, and a few more seen on 24th. Large numbers of Guillemots and Razorbills, from 16th to 18th, at XXVII., when all left, and after a W. gale large numbers on 2d Dec. and again on 31st Dec. and seen occasionally till end of January. _N.B._--Black Guillemots, one seen at XXVII. on 27th Jan. 1886. We think it quite possible _Black Guillemots_ still breed on Isle of May, perhaps one pair.

EAST COAST OF ENGLAND.

Schedules were sent to forty-five stations, lighthouses, and light-vessels, and returns have been received from forty-two. The total number of schedules sent in is eighty-four, and the greatest number from any single station, nine from Mr Thomas H. Cutting, of the Farn Lighthouse; and six from Mr Thomas O. Hall, of the Longstone Lighthouse.

The East Coast stations included in this report are:--

Longstone L.H. Thomas O. Hall.
Farn, Inner, L.H. Thomas H. Cutting.
Coquet Island L.H. William Evans.
Tees, 5 Buoy L.V. Henry Harbord.
Tees Breakwater L.H. M. Grant.
Whitby High L.H. John Odgers.
Flamborough L.H. Charles Hood.
Spurn L.H. James B. Smith.
Spurn L.V. _Nil._
Outer Dowsing L.V. William Stock.
Inner Dowsing L.V. William King.
Llyn Wells L.V. George Rees.
Dudgeon L.V. J. F. Warder and J. H. Harrison.
Hasbro' L.V. J. Nicholas and B. V. Darnell.
Hasbro' L.H. _Nil._
Hunstanton L.H. Wm. Westmoreland.
Cromer L.H. C. H. Overton.
Winterton L.H. John Watson and John Leggett.
Leman and Ower L.V. J. Artis and John Bowen.
Newarp L.V. C. Campbell and W. Rees.
Cockle L.V. Charles Perfrement and E. Cole.
Orfordness L.H. J. Garrett.
Corton L.V. I. H. Johnson and W. Bowen.
Languard Point L.H. Owen Boyle.
Shipwash L.V. David Dale.
Galloper L.V. P. Frost.
Kentish Knock L.V. W. R. Carter and W. Dorney.
Swin Middle L.V. Samuel Pender.
Tongue L.V. John Webber.
Nore L.V. _Nil._
Goodwin L.V. David Johns.
Gull L.V. Francis Harvey and J. Jenkins.
South Sand Head L.V. F. G. Foreman.
East Side L.V. Edward le Gallais and W. Nicholls.
Varne L.V. _Nil._
Hanois L.H. Charles Williams.

Reports and notes have also been received from:--

Roker, Sunderland Alfred Crawhall Chapman.
S. S. "Aycliffe" John Osborn Morgan (2d engineer).
Seaton-Carew C. Donald Thompson.
Redcar T. H. Nelson.
Flamborough Matthew Bailey.
Spurn Wm. Eagle Clarke.
Spurn Philip Lawton.
Spurn J. Fisher.
East Lincolnshire John Cordeaux.
Northrepps and Cley J. H. Gurney, Jun.
Yarmouth Arthur Patterson.
Yarmouth Benjamin Dye.
Yarmouth G. Smith.
Thanet Lord Clifton.
Malmo, Sweden Frank R. Newton.

Notes also bearing on the migration of birds on the east coast of England have been utilised from the _Zoologist_, _Naturalist_, and. _Field_ newspapers; also from MS. notes made at Cley, Norfolk, in the autumn of 1885 by Messrs G. E. and F. D. Power.

Separate Notes on each Species.

TURDINÆ.--Missel-Thrush, _Turdus viscivorus_.--Spring migration, March 25th, 1885: Farn L.H., two. Autumn: Roker, Sunderland, August 9th, 7 P.M., "for about an hour a continual stream kept flying over the lawn at Silksworth; they were about one hundred yards high, going from N.E. to S.W., in parties of two or three, then twenty or thirty at once." Teesmouth, October 11th, great rush, "thousands in one particular field." North-East Lincolnshire, October 20th, great many. Common Thrush, _T. musicus_.--Spring, 1885: Longstone L.H., March 13th, night, N. hazy, several round lantern. Northrepps, middle of March, many moving north.[6] Autumn; An enormous immigration, first indicated at Farn L.H., July 3d to 11th, a few none in August, sparingly in September, and an enormous rush from October 12th to 18th, covering the east coast, and, more or less, continuous night and day on 15th and 16th, wind E.N.E. A second rush November 8th to 12th, and less at intervals to end of month; a few Farn L.H. throughout January to February 10th, 1886. Redwing, _T. iliacus_.--Spring, 1885: Thanet, April 19, last seen. Autumn; Farn L.H., September 15th, first. An enormous immigration in October, much the largest recorded. The bulk arriving in two great rashes, covering the east coast, from October 15th to 17th, night and day; and again November 9th to 17th, but in less numbers. Hasbro' L.V. on 22d and 23d, all day; a few at Farn L.H. to December 3d, when the migration of this species ceased. Fieldfare, _T. pilaris_.--Spring, 1885: North-East Lincolnshire, March 26th, large flocks in coast marshes. Thanet, April 19th, last seen. Farn L.H., May 4th, fifteen. Autumn: Dudgeon L.V., July 7th, one young bird caught on board; October 15th to 26th, first arrivals on east coast--a great rush on 15th and 16th at various stations, and a second very large immigration, old birds, November 8th to 12th. Longstone L.H., November 8th, S. to S.W., one on gallery at midnight; 9th, 10th, and 11th, great rush night and day, and up to 10.30 P.M. on 12th, and in less numbers at intervals on east coast to end of first week in January 1886. Shipwash L.V., January 23d, many till midnight, one killed. In North-East Lincolnshire, large numbers of old birds arrived at intervals from the last week in November to middle of January 1886, either direct from the Continent, or from more northern localities in Great Britain. Blackbird, _T. merula_.--Spring, 1885: Migration observed at Longstone L.H. April 4th and 12th to W. Farn L.H. March 13th to May 4th. Whitby, March 13th and 14th, E. to W. during night. Autumn: October 15th to 18th, very large arrivals both by night and day, and again from November 8th to 12th, in both cases covering the east coast. Corton L.V., November 21st, noon, twenty to W.N.W.; and Dudgeon L.V., November 24th, last recorded. Ring-Ousel, _T. torquatus_.--Spring, 1885: Spurn L.H., April 9th, male and female. Farn L.H., April 12th to May 4th, Longstone L.H., 23d, S., one. Thanet, 22d, two old males; 23d and 25th, younger males; 30th, females. Autumn: Spurn, August 25th; Flamborough, October 6th, many, Cromer L.H., 16th, all night, seven killed. Thanet, 16th, N.E. gale, several; 22d, E,, old males and old females.

[Footnote 6: Malmo, Sweden, May 6th, flock of thrushes to N.E.]

CINCLINÆ.--Black-Bellied Dipper, _Cinclus melanogaster_.--October 23d, E. and N.E. gale, one shot on morning of 24th. Humber Bank, in Stallinborough parish, great flight of Woodcock at the same date.

SAXICOLINÆ.--Common Wheatear, _Saxicola ænanthe_.--Spring, 1885: Yarmouth, February 24, one shot on denes. Hunstanton L.H., March 15th, one. Farn L.H., April 5th, S.S.E., two; 7th, E. all day, and the same on 10th and 11th, E.N.E. and E. Great Cotes, 11th, first. Hanois L.H., Guernsey, 10th, many at night at north light. Tees L.V., 22d, six, and many to May 28th, and eight on June 7th, general direction of flight S.E. to N.W.; rushes on May 10th and 20th. Longstone L.H., April 23d, N.E., 4 A.M., several. Flamborough, May 3d to 6th, E. (4), many with Redstarts and Pied Flycatchers.[7] Autumn: Migration first indicated at Tees L.V. August 3d, and Farn L.H. on 7th and 9th. On the 15th a flock of twenty alighted on board the s.s. "Aycliffe" in the English Channel, remaining for two hours, and then left; were observed in considerable numbers at several stations throughout September to middle of October. Is last recorded at the Hasborough L.V. October 1 6th, one. Desert-Chat, _S. deserti_.--Spurn, October 17th, one, a female, shot; has been previously obtained once in Scotland, and twice in Heligoland. Whinchat and Stonechat, _Pratincola rubetra_ and _rubicola_.--Spring: Farn L.H., May 4th E.N.E., many of both all day. Whitby L.H., April 22d, one Stonechat. Autumn; Whitby L.H., September 19th, one struck. Hasbro' L.V., November 10th, 2.30 A.M., two killed. The Whinchat does not appear to be observed or distinguished on migration by our recorders. Redstart, _Ruticilla phœnicurus_.--Thanet, April 16th, males; 23d, females. Longstone L.H., May 1st, E, rain, one adult male. Flamborough, 3d, N.E., large number of males, with Pied Flycatchers. Farn L.H., 4th, E.N.E. all day. Malmo, Sweden, April 26th, two. Autumn: Are first recorded at Thanet July 19th, females and young. At several stations from August 17th to end of September; last at Spurn October 4th, W.S.W., with Wheatears. Black Redstart, _R. titys_.--Yarmouth, March 15th, adult male; November 3d, adult female. Longstone L.H., October 17th, one female Redstart. This entry probably refers to this species, which, as a rule, is observed on the east coast about a fortnight after the migration of the common Redstart has ceased.[8]

[Footnote 7: In the spring of 1886 I received by post one adult male Wheatear, in summer plumage, caught in a rabbit trap on March 26th in North Northumberland. In a late schedule from the Farn L.H. two are recorded on February 22d, at 5 P.M., on the island, and again two on March 25th. The earliest record for East Lincolnshire this spring is a pair on the Humber Embankment on March 29th.]

[Footnote 8: The occurrences, so far recorded by the committee, of the Black Redstart on the east coast of Great Britain in the autumn, range between October 23d and November 3d.]

SYLVIINÆ.--Red-Spotted Bluethroat, _Cyanecula suecica_.--Spurn, October 7th, two. Redbreast, _Erithacus rubecula_.--Spring, 1885: Longstone L.H., April 7th, S.E., one. Farn L.H., 10th, 11th, and 12th, E.N.E., several. Hasbro' L.V., May 22d, one to W.S.W. Autumn: Considerable immigration between the Farn Islands and Guernsey, from September 8th to November 12th; rush on October 16th, observed at Spurn, Lincolnshire coast (very large numbers), Hasbro' L.V., Tongue L.V., and Thanet; and again from November 10th to 12th at Inner Dowsing L.V., Kentish Knock L.V., South Sand Head L.V. The greatest number seen at any one time, Hasbro' L.V., October 2d, one hundred to one hundred and fifty, at 6 P.M., from S.E. to N.W., and Kentish Knock L.V. on November 10th, fifty to sixty, with tits from 2 A.M. to daybreak, and then going north. Whitethroat, _Sylvia rufa_.--Hanois L.H., April 10. Malmo, Sweden, May 4th. Hunstanton L.H., 20th, S. (5), 1 A.M., nine killed. Autumn: July 19th, Thanet, the first, and are last recorded Hanois L.H. September 17th, N.E. (4), midnight, along with Blackcaps. Lesser Whitethroat, _S. curruca_.--Spring: Great Cotes, April 23d. Autumn: The first at Thanet August 24th to 27th, and last at Longstone L.H. September 30th. Blackcap, _S. atricapilla_.--Spring: Thanet, May 5th, males; 6th, females. Return September 17th, 19th, and 25th at Hanois L.H., Thanet, and Languard L.H. Garden Warbler, S. salicaria.--Return August 22d at Spurn, and September 20th at Thanet.

PHYLLOSCOPINÆ.--Golden-Crested Wren, _Regulus cristatus_.--Spring: At Great Cotes and Thanet on March 8th; Longstone L.H. May 1st, 2 P.M.,one. Autumn: A very considerable immigration first observed at Languard L.H. August 21st, 5.15 A.M., one. The next at Hanois L.H. September 17th, E., O.R. about lantern at midnight; are last recorded on November 11th. Rushes indicated at Flamborough on October 6th, and at Farn L.H., Hasbro' L.V. (twenty), Lincolnshire coast. Cockle L.V., and Thanet on October 16th and 17th; Teesmouth October 23d and 24th; Inner Dowsing L.V., Leman and Ower L.V., Kentish Knock L.V.,and South Sand Head L.V. on November 10th and 11th. Chiff-Chaff, _Phylloscopus collybita_.--Spring: First in North Wales and Norfolk April 2d; return Thanet August 21st to September 24th. Willow-Wren, _P. trochilus_.--Return Thanet July 19th and August 5th. Spurn, August 18th to S. Cley, Norfolk coast, September 7th, E., great numbers in scrub, and increasing; 17th, second rush. Wood-Wren, _P. sibilatrix_.--Spurn, August 14th; Thanet, 22d and 27th.

ACROCEPHALINÆ.--Sedge Warbler, _A. schœnobænus_.--Spurn L.H., September 8th, one killed.

ACCENTORIDÆ.--Hedge Sparrow, _Accentor modularis_.--Cley, Norfolk coast, September 18th, many. Newarp L.V., October 17th, rush with others. Goodwin, east side L.V., 23d, a few on board. Bearded Reedling, _Panurus biarmicus_.--Yarmouth, February, last week, bearded tits, several flocks, numbers shot.

PARIDÆ.--Spring: Hanois L.H., April 10. Blue-Titmouse.--Autumn: Great Cotes, October 11th. Blue and Coal Titmouse, several. Whitby L.H., 15th, several Titmice about lighthouse garden. Kentish Knock L.V., November 10th, fifty to sixty Robins and Tits from midnight to daybreak, and then to N. Inner Dowsing L.V., 10th, one. South Sand Head L.V., 11th, Robin and Tits. Common Creeper, _Certhia familiaris_.--Spurn, August 14th. Common Wren, _Troglodytes parvulus_.--Winterton L.H., September 6th, one at 2 A.M. on lantern; 8th, one at 4 A.M., and November 3d, one. Orfordness L.H.; September 13th, 7 A.M., three with Robin. Farn L.H., October 23d, two. South Sand Head L.V., November 12th and 13th, Wrens on deck; and Kentish Knock L.V., 13th, two at 4 P.M., went to roost on board.

MOTACILLIDÆ.--Pied Wagtail, _M. lugubris_.--Spring, 1885: Tees L.V., February 4th, N.W., four to N.W.; 27th, with Titlarks to N.W. Hanois L.H., February 12th, a few. Great Cotes, 25th, many, with Titlarks. Whitby L.H., March 8th, one. Thanet, 11th to 19th. Farn L.H., 11th, two; and Longstone L.H., May 9th, two to W. Autumn: Return Thanet August 2d, young; 26th, old. Hanois L.H., November 20th, twelve to S.E. Blue-Headed Wagtail, _M. flava_.--Thanet, April 22d, male; May 4th, old female and young bird in second plumage. Yellow Wagtail, _M. raii_.--Spring, 1885: Great Cotes, April 18th; and Thanet, 26th, first. Autumn: Spurn, August 14th, a few immature Yellow Wagtails; 23d, thousands, "the whole district ablaze with them;" 24th, less numbers. Thanet, 20th and 21st. Cley, September 18th, in parties; 23d, three or four. Grey Wagtail, _M. melanope_.--Autumn: Great Cotes, September, first and second weeks, young birds swarming in bean-fields; October 15th, first, old. Cley, September 9th, first. Thanet, 28th and 30th, two each day. In the spring of 1885 were first seen at Malmo, Sweden, on April 7th, two, "a sure sign to begin to plough." Meadow Pipit, _Anthus pratensis_.--Spring: Great Cotes, February 25th, many, with Pied Wagtails; Tees L.V., 27th, some with Wagtails to N.W. Autumn: Cley, September 16th, great many. Roker (Sunderland), October 3d and 7th. Farn L.H., 23d, E.S.E. (4), great many. Rock Pipit, _A. obscurus_.--Cley, September 22d, three or four; 23d, several. Golden Oriole, _Oriolus galbula_.--Thanet, June 9th and 23d (see remarks under "General Notes").

LANIIDÆ.--Red-Backed Shrike, _Lanius collurio_.--Spring: Thanet, May 23d, female. Autumn: Thanet, August 5th, female. Spurn, 24th and September 1st, young, one each day; 3d and 4th, one each day. Woodchat Shrike, _L. auriculatus_.--Yarmouth, May, second week, a female, and several others reported further north on east coast (_Zoologist_, 1886, pp. 27, 28).

MUSCICAPIDÆ.--Spotted Flycatcher, _Muscicapa grisola_.--Thanet, May 1st, first; October 14th, last (very late). Pied Flycatcher, _M. atricapilla_.--Spring: Flamborough, May 3d, N.E., great rush with Redstarts, and forward to 6th, "the largest arrival ever known." Spurn, same date, great many, "more numerous than ever known before." Malmo (Sweden), April 29th, two. Autumn: Spurn, August 24th, young; 29th, same. Thanet, 30th, N.E., five or six; again on 31st, and from September 1st to 29th. Cley, September 8th.

HIRUNDINIDÆ.--Swallow, _Hirundo rustica_.--Spring: Hanois L.H., March 30th, a flight, and from April 15th to May 10th, daily. Flamborough, April 8th, N.N.E. (8), 11.30 A.M., first; Great Cotes 14th, Thanet 20th, Orfordness 20th, Yarmouth 17th, Hunstanton 16th, Spurn 17th, Whitby 19th, Tees L.V. 19th, one from E.S.E. to N.W.; 21st, 8 A.M. to 2 P.M., great many to N.W. from E.S.E., and some Martins, and many at intervals to May 29th in same direction. Languard L.H., May 30th to June 5th. Malmo, Sweden, April 22d. Autumn; Tees L.V., September 15th and 16th, great many to S.W. Spurn, September 2d and 5th, all day in small numbers to S. Hunstanton, 15th and 16th, hundreds all day to S., and throughout September at several stations; were last observed at Languard L.H. October 18th. Flamborough, 18th, several. Great Cotes, 19th. Leman and Ower L.V., 24th. In November, three at Flamborough on 1st. Hunstanton, 14th, one to S.W. Thanet, 15th, one. Martin, _Chelidon urbica_.--Spring: Tees L.V., April 21st, first; some, with Swallows N.W. to E.S.E.; July 7th, 8th, 11th, great many to N.W., and at several stations in April, May, and June. Autumn: Last at Thanet, November 1st. Sand-Martin, _Cotile riparia_.--Great Cotes, April 22d. Last at Thanet, November 1st.

FRINGILLIDÆ.--Goldfinch, _Carduelis elegans_.--Hanois L.H., November 1st, fifty to N.W. Siskin, _Chrysomitris spinus_.--Yarmouth, abundant in December. Serin Finch, _Serinus hortulanus_.--Yarmouth, June 14th (_Zoologist_, 1886, p. 28), probably a male. Greenfinch, _Ligurinus chloris_.--Curiously only one entry in the schedules. Shipwash L.V., January 24th, 1886, one died on board. Common Sparrow, _Passer domesticus_.--First at Shipwash L.V., September 22d, 2.30 P.M., great flight of Common Sparrows to N.N.W. Kentish Knock L.V., 27th, forty to W., and on 28th. Newarp L.V., October 8th, noon, thirty. Goodwin East L.V., October 20th, a few House Sparrows during day, and on November 10th to 13th. Corton L.V., October 1st, 11th, 12th, 15th, 19th, 21st, 22d, and November 11th, large numbers, several on vessel. Tree Sparrow, _P. montanus_.--Longstone L.H.. October 16th, one. Cockle and Kentish Knock L.V.'s, October 4th and 30th, at latter in large numbers. Goodwin and Gull L.V.'s, September 28th, 29th, and October 28th, 30th, great rush. South Sand Head, October 12th, 7 A.M., some to N.W., and on December 2d one. Very few, as a rule, came in north of the Humber. Chaffinch, _Fringilla cœlebs_.--First at Outer Dowsing L.V. September 18th, one. Arrived mainly in two great flights, October 12th to 16th, and November 10th to 13th, as observed at several stations. Brambling, _F. montifringilla_.--Spring: Thanet, April 19th, last seen. Autumn: October 14th to 17th, and a second flight November 11th to 12th, practically at the same periods as the former.[9] Linnet, _Linota cannabina_.--Comparatively few notices, and no Twites. Mealy and Lesser Redpoles, _L. linaria_ and _rufescens_.--Cockle L.V., October 14th, one. Outer Dowsing L.V., 16th, two. Leman and Ower L.V., 18th, one caught (Mealy Redpoles), flying from E.N.E. to S.W. Spurn, about November 11th, one Mealy Redpole. Hasbro' L.V., November 23d, one Redpole caught. Yarmouth, in December, abundant. It is probable all the notices refer to _L. linaria_.

[Footnote 9: Bramblings are reported as having been more plentiful in Lincolnshire and Norfolk than has been the case for very many years. In the Migration Report for 1883, the Hawfinch is recorded at the Inner Dowsing L.V. on November 2d, and at the same station in the previous year on October 20th. I have recently ascertained from Mr William King that he was mistaken in his identification, and that the birds were Bramblings.]

EMBERIZINÆ.--Yellow Bunting, _Emberiza citrinella_.--Whitby, March 16th, great number during week commencing on the 16th. Snow Bunting, _Plectrophanes nivalis_.--Spring: Tees L.V., March 1st, flocks. Farn L.H., 4th, two. Yarmouth, 22d, four, 3 P.M., on north light. Farn L.H., April 11th, one. Autumn: Cley, September 26th, one, and at several stations in October and November; rushes October 16th and 24th, N.E., half-gale, and November 18th and 25th.

ALAUDIDÆ.--Sky-Lark, _Alauda arvensis_.--The occurrences are far too numerous to record separately; in some cases the entries fill a considerable portion of the schedules. They are noted at thirty stations on the east coast, sixteen of which are light-vessels. Spring, 1885: Longstone L.H., April 7th, and Cockle L.V., May 6th; some to W. at intervals during the day. Autumn: First at Cockle L.V. September 7th, and sparingly at other stations during the month to the 28th and 29th, when the numbers greatly increased. A very heavy immigration in October, and from the 12th to 20th an almost continuous rush night and day, covering the whole of the east coast; in less numbers in November to the 20th, when the migration appears to have almost ceased. The great bulk appear to have arrived in two enormous and almost continuous flights on October 15th, 16th, 17th, and November 10th and 11th--in the latter case in less numbers; very sparingly in December and up to January 25th, 1886. A strong return migration to the Continent is indicated at the Shipwash L.V. on February 14th and 15th N.E. at night, also during the day on the 15th from W. to E., and at the Newarp L.V. March 19th to 21st, likewise to E. At the same station, from January 25th, 1886, to February 14th, Larks passing to the W. Shore-Lark, _Otocorys alpestris_.--Yarmouth, November 26th, one found dead; several seen in February. Flamborough, January 4th, 1886, one shot.

STURNIDÆ.--Starling, _Sturnus vulgaris_.--At twenty-one stations. Dudgeon L.V., July 10th, three young alighted on vessel, and then to W.N.W. None are recorded in August and September till the 28th at Shipwash L.V., some flights; enormous numbers in October, especially from the 12th to 19th, frequently associated with Larks, and large numbers of both killed at the light-vessels; proportionately less in November, with heavy rushes from the 12th to 23d. A very considerable spring migration indicated at Shipwash L.V. both to the E. and W. from February 10th to March 21st, 1886.

CORVIDÆ.--Daw, _Corvus monedula_.--Longstone L.H., March 12th, N., several to W.; April 3d to W. at dawn. Autumn: At several stations, generally in company with Rooks. Carrion Crow, _C. corone_.--Tees L.V., October 19th, five; 24th, twelve. Dudgeon L.V., October 5th to November 11th, many with Rooks. Tongue L.V., December 11th, one on deck; great numbers of "Black Crows" are recorded at various stations, which may refer either to this or the Rook. Hooded Crow, _C. cornix_.--Spring, 1885: Outer Dowsing L.V., March 1st, large flights from W.N.W. to E.S.E. 10 A.M. Hunstanton, April 7th, many near lighthouse. Thanet, 19th, last. Autumn: First at Hasbro' L.V. October 2d, small flocks all day S.E. to N.W. Great numbers in October at various stations, chiefly between the Humber and Thames, and an almost continuous rush between 15th and 17th. A very considerable immigration in November, specially from 9th to 12th. Rook, _C. frugilegus_.--Longstone L.H., March 11th and 14th, 1885, many to E.; April 4th, 15th, 17th, and 20th, several to W. Cockle L.V., May 2d, continuous flocks during day to N.W., S.W., and N. Northrepps, March 22d and 23d, 1886, Rooks and Crows to E.S.E. Autumn: Immense numbers at various stations in October and November, with continuous rushes corresponding with those of the Grey Crow.[10] Raven, _C. corax_.--Outer Dowsing L.V., March 6th, 3 A.M., two ravens, one caught. Malmo, Sweden, February 7th, one passing overhead N.E. to S.W.--exactly the same line as observed for nine successive years.

[Footnote 10: Mr J. H. Gurney, Sen., writes:--"Lord Lilford sends me word that on 20th of March 1886, Mr G. Hunt saw an extraordinary flight of Rooks at Somerton, which he observed from 10.30 A.M. till 6 P.M., when he left, but the flight was still going on. He wrote to Lord Lilford:--'I observed them flying just above the sandhills, going due south, and as far as the eye could see both before and behind there was nothing but Rooks. There would never for one moment of the day be less than a thousand in sight at one time; they kept in a thin wavering line. The coast line here runs due north and south.'" Mr J. H. Gurney, Jun., writes:--"I saw the same Rooks and Grey Crows on the same day in much smaller numbers as were seen at Somerton (Norfolk coast), which is fifteen miles further south. I again saw them on the 21st, 22d, 25th, 26th, 29th, but none after that date. Mr Hunt says they were all Rooks, but with me Grey Crows preponderated; direction to S.E." In connection with this read Mr Gätke's notes of migration as observed at Heligoland and Hanover between March 19th and 25th, 1886, on the last page of his journal.]

CYPSELIDÆ.--Swift, _Cypselus apus_.--Spurn, April 20th, eight on window-sill of tower; 22d, several; June 29th, 11 A.M., fifty round lantern. At Yarmouth May 7th, and Thanet and Hunstanton on 8th, Malmo 10th. Autumn: Many to S. along coast first week in September. Wryneck, _Jynx torquilla_.--Thanet, April 19th, 25th; May 10th, 18th; June 14th, three distinct arrivals. Farn L.H., May 15th, one picked up dead. Common Roller, _Coracias garrulus_.--Felthorpe, near Norwich, October 24th, adult female. Cuckoo, _Cuculus canorus_.--Whitby, April 8th; Hanois L.H., Guernsey, 10th, two; Flambro' 17th, Spurn 18th, Farn L.H. 29th. Malmo May 13th, Tongue L.V. 19th, 10.30 P.M., one struck and killed. Autumn: Hunstanton L.H., July 16th, 2 A.M., N.W., one killed. Roker, August 6th, one young. Spurn, 7th, midnight O.M., one killed; 17th, two young on sandhills. Thanet, 8th, and September 3d and 4th. Farn L.H., August 9th, 6 P.M.

STRIGES.--Barn Owl, _Strix flammea_.--Tongue L.V., October 20th, 8 A.M., "White Owl" to W. Tees L.V., December 2d, W.S.W., "one Barn Owl." Long-Eared Owl, _Asio otus_.--Longstone L.H., October 10th, 2 P.M., N.N.E., fresh gale, one ("with wind N. of E., very few migrants are seen"). Farn L.H., October 10th, 6.30 P.M., "Owl" round lantern. Spurn, October 23d, E. and N.E. gale, some, one also shot at Spurn on August 25th. Short-Eared Owl, _A. accipitrinus_.--Spring: Farn L.H., April 22d, one on rocks. Autumn: In two rushes--October 20th to 23d, November 12th to 14th.

FALCONIDÆ.--Very few notices. Sea-Eagle, _Haliaëtus albicilla_.--Immature male and female shot in Kent early in November, and another seen. The Spotted Eagle, _Aquila nævia_, was shot at Cresswell on the Northumberland coast on October 31st. Kite, _Milvus ictinus_.--Thanet, April 9th, 3.30 P.M., N.W., one flying to W. During the last week in September and early in October (the usual period for the passage of the Falconidæ); a few Peregrines, Kestrels, Merlins, and Sparrow Hawks were observed on migration at various parts of the east coast. Northrepps, March 20th, 1886, two Buzzards, with Rooks to E.S.E.

PELECANIDÆ.--Cormorant, _Phalacrocorax carbo_.--Spring: Tees L.V., March 1st to 10th, many to north. Whitby L.H., 11th, to north; September 17th, old and young, to S. Leman and Ower L.V., October 4th, forty to fifty, fishing for herring. Gannet, _Sula bassana_.--Farn L.H., August 22d, 26th, 27th, hundreds fishing off island. Heron, _Ardea cinerea_.--Coquet L.H., more Herons seen in September to October 12th than had been seen for many years. Outer Dowsing L.V., October 2d, one from E. to W.N.W. Tees L.V., February 28th, two, E. to W. White Stork, _Ciconia alba_.--Malmo, April 19th, flight, eighteen or twenty, to N.E. Spoonbill, _Platalea leucorodia_.--Yarmouth, June 4th, one shot at Breydon Water.

ANATIDÆ.--Wild Geese.--Whitby L.H.,May 23d, nine dark-coloured Geese to S.; July 1st, twelve to N.; 12th, five to N. Autumn: Cley, September 7th, nineteen in flock. Llyn Wells L.V., 20th, twelve Geese, from E. by E. Languard L.H., October 6th, flock, low to S.W. South Sand Head and East Side L.V.'s (Goodwins), December 6th and 7th, great numbers, too many to number. Unusually large numbers of Geese seen in North-East Lincolnshire from the first week in October to the end of the year. Swans.--Remarkably scarce. Five were seen on September 27th flying from S. to N. above the Town's Moor at Newcastle, and at Corton L.V. November 29th, 11 A.M., two to W. Ducks, Common Sheldrake, _Tadorna cornuta_.--Tees L.V., January 1st, 1885, fifty-four and one Coot. Farn L.H., June 20th, two broods off. Garganey Teal, _Querquedula circia_.--April 3d, one, a male, shot at Breydon, Yarmouth. King Eider, _Somateria spectabilis_.--Longstone L.H., April 23d, several times seen, was shot on the 25th. Immense numbers of various Ducks are reported at sea during the autumn and winter, flying in various directions. The Pochard, _Fuligula ferina_, has been unusually plentiful both in Lincolnshire and Norfolk.

COLUMBIDÆ.--Ringdove, _Columba palumbus_.--Tetney, Lincolnshire coast, October 23d, first flight of Wood Pigeons. Outer Dowsing L.V., November 12th, "seven pigeons" W. to E. Roker, near Sunderland, December 12th, flocks arriving all day from the E. to the woods two miles inland. Mr H. F. Tomalin reports from Northampton, "a great rush of Wood Pigeons crossed this part of the country on October 16th; they were passing continuously, in companies of four to five hundred, in a south-westerly direction." The Stockdove, _C. œnas_, is reported as exceedingly abundant in Norfolk during the winter of 1885-1886. Turtle Dove, _Turtur communis_.--Thanet, May 13th, first.

RALLIDÆ.--Water-Rail, _Rallus aquaticus_.--Farn L.H., October 15th, one; 31st, E.S.E. (4), one. Leman and Ower L.V., 19th, 11 A.M., one killed. Spotted Crake, _Porzana maruetta_.--Spurn, October 23d, one. Stone Curlew, _Œdicnemus scolopax_.--Spurn, August 22d, one seen on mud flats.

CHARADRIIDÆ.--Golden Plover, _Charadrius pluvialis_.--Besides the usual autumn arrivals there was a distinct immigration in December. Tongue L.V., December 14th, 5 A.M., one struck rigging and killed. Thanet, 16th, 3.20 P.M., S.W., flocks of thirty to forty from E. Grey Plover, _Squatarola helvetica_.--Spurn, August 26th, small flock in summer plumage. Longstone L.H., September 5th, N.W., three killed. Cley, 22d, W.S.W., calm, flock. Kentish Plover, _Ægialitis cantiana_.--Yarmouth, May 3d, three at Breydon. Languard L.H., June 30th, 6.30 A.M., two. Dotterel, _Eudromias morinellus_.--Spring: Great Cotes, May 14th, seven; 16th, live. Lapwing, _Vanellus vulgaris_.--First at Whitby, September 12th, large flock, old and young, to S. Yarmouth, October 2d, S.W., strong, flocks coming in. Orfordness, 8th, rush, and on 11th the same during night. Whitby, 16th, very large flock. Llyn Wells L.V., 21st and 22d, rush all day to N., and on November 1st, 2d, 3d. Dudgeon L.V., November 10th and 11th, great rush. Hasbro' L.V., 11th to 12th, night, and 22d to 23d, night, great rush to W. and W.N.W. Leman and Ower L.V., 12th and 15th, flights to N.W. and W.

SCOLOPACIDÆ.--Woodcock, _Scolopax rusticula_.--Spring: Farn L.H., April 11th, 10.30 P.M., one struck, not killed. Autumn: "First flight," October 16th, 17th, E. and N.E., cold, rain and stormy, covering the whole of the coast from Farn to Thanet, "Great flight" on night of 22d and 23d, and 23d and 24th October, E. and N.E. gale, large numbers striking the east coast at Longstone L.H.. Coquet L.H., Teesmouth, Whitby, Flamborough (swarmed). Spurn (seventy-nine shot by one party morning of 24th). Lincolnshire coast, great numbers. Yarmouth, less. This flight was composed of the small, dark, reddish Scandinavian bird, and the same applies also to the later flights on the east coast. Other arrivals were Farn L.H., October 31st, seven. Longstone L.H., November 4th, eleven. Farn L.H., same date, W.N.W. (4), seven. Leman and Ower L.V., November 13th, one killed. Thanet, November 11th and 12th. Yarmouth, November 20th, many, and a few at various stations to end of month, and also in December. A flight is recorded during the last week in January 1886, at Northrepps and Thanet. Double Snipe, _Gallinago major_.--Longstone L.H., September 15th, one. Common Snipe, _G. cœlestis_.--Spring: Longstone L.H., April 3d, S.W., two, to E. Autumn: Yarmouth, September 12th, W., strong, many. Farn L.H., October 31st. Dudgeon L.V., November 11th, rush; and North-East Lincolnshire, on 24th, very large numbers. Jack-Snipe, _G. gallinula_.--Lincolnshire coast, September 23d. Farn L.H., October 12th, N.N.E., and again on 31st. Longstone L.H., 17th, and November 11th; and East Lincolnshire, November 24th, great rush with Common Snipe. Dunlin, _Tringa alpina_.--Spring: Yarmouth, May 10th, large flocks in summer plumage. Autumn: Languard L.H., August 1st, very large flock, the first. Redcar, September 27th, in flocks all day to W. Little Stint, _T. minuta_.--Cley , September 7th to 10th, several. Yarmouth, 8th, a few. Temminck's Stint, _T. temmincki_.--Yarmouth, September 8th, one. Pygmy Curlew, _T. subarquata_.--Roker, August 6th, 3 P.M., W., two. Knot, _T. canutus_.--Longstone L.H., August 14th, shot in summer plumage. Spurn, 20th, a few in summer plumage. Yarmouth, September 6th, large flight. Redcar, 10th, W. half gale, flock; 12th, two flocks, young birds. Cley, 22d, large flock. Puff, _Machetes pugnax_.--Spring: Yarmouth, June 4th, four shot in summer plumage. Autumn: Redcar, August 31st, one young Puff. Cley, September 12th, several Peeves seen, one shot. Lincolnshire coast, October 3d, one Peeve shot. Sanderling, _Calidris arenaria_.--Spring: Yarmouth, April 6th, many in company with Ringed Plover. Return, Spurn August 12th. Common Sandpiper, _Totanus hypoleucus_.--Spurn, August 27th. Cley, September 10th, many. Green Sandpiper, _T. ochropus_.--Spurn, August 22d to 26th. Yarmouth, same date, many. Wood Sandpiper, _T. glareola_.--Yarmouth, August 22d. Common Redshank, _T. calidris_.--Tees L.V., August 2d, many. Spotted Redshank, _T. fuccus_.--Yarmouth, August 22d, one shot. Greenshank, _T. canescens_.--Spring: Yarmouth, April 26th, at Breydon. Autumn: Spurn, August 24th, young female. Bar-tailed Godwit, _Limosa lapponica_.--Spurn, August 20th, in summer plumage. Yarmouth, September 8th, several Godwits on coast. Cley, September 12th to 25th, a constant succession. Black-tailed Godwit, _L. ægocephala_.--Cley, September 15th, old bird shot. Whimbrel, _Numenius phœopus_.--Spring: Great Cotes, May 16th, many. Autumn: Tees L.V., August 2d and 15th. Redcar, 12th, last on September 11th. Yarmouth, August 19th, many. Roker, near Sunderland, August 31st and September 1st, very high. Longstone L.H., September 20th, two. Cley, September 23d, last. Curlew, _N. arquata_.--Spring: Whitby, April 9th, 11.30 P.M., great flock round light. Autumn: Tees L.V., August 15th. Whitby, September 12th, to south. Orfordness L.H., October 8th, night, large numbers, one killed. Dudgeon L.V., October 21st, 3 A.M., about lantern; and November 25th, ten, S.E. to N.W. Leman and Ower L.V., October 29th, to S.; November 12th, to S.W., rush; 13th, one killed. East Goodwin L.V., November 12th, one killed.

LARIDÆ.--Arctic Tern, _Sterna macrura_.--Longstone L.H. May 15th, first heard. August 9th, most left breeding haunts. September 2d, a few about. Little Tern, _S. minuta_.--Spring: Spurn, April 15th, first. May 5th, many. Yarmouth, April 25th and 26th, on Breydon. Languard L.H., May 9th, two. Sandwich Tern, _S. cantiaca_.--Farn L.H., April 12th, first heard. August 9th, "most have left breeding places." September 1st to 30th, great flocks all round islands. Terns.--Redcar, August 12th, all day passing; 13th, less. September 4th, great many common Terns at sea; 11th, the same. Yarmouth, September 14th, flocks of young Terns to S. 22d May, at sea, going S.

LARINÆ.--Gulls.--Whitby, February 10th, Herring Gulls first came to cliffs early morning; July 9th, first young on wing; August 29th, young and old left for sea. Farn L.H., April 12th, Lesser Black-Backed Gulls first returned to nesting quarters. Little Gull, _Larus minutus_.--Redcar, September 9th, one young shot. Flamborough, October 3d, three shot. Languard L.H., September 3d, two "Cream-Coloured Gulls," the first seen here.

STERCORARIINÆ.--Skuas.--Farn L.H., August 11th, several chasing Terns. September 10th, two Buffon's Skua. Redcar, August 13th, one Richardson's Skua; 31st, two or three; September 7th and 10th, very plentiful at sea. Longstone L.H., September 2d, many Skua along shore. Cley, 25th, some Skua seen. Llyn Wells L.V., October 10th, 7 A.M. to 9.30 P.M., flock of 130 "Boatswain Skua;" 13th, flocks of Gulls and Skua. February 8th, 1886, great numbers of Skua Gulls.

PROCELLARIIDÆ.--Storm Petrel, _Procellaria pelagica_.--Languard L.H., October 25th, 2.15 A.M., one caught. Farn L.H., October 31st, S.S.E., one struck, not killed; November 10th, S., one at daylight on gallery. Kentish Knock L.V., November 11th, night, several. South Sand Head L.V., 11th, two on board. Hasbro' L.V., 12th, twenty all night, four killed. Coquet L.H., November 14th, N.W. (six), one caught on lantern. Shearwater.--Longstone L.H., September 2d, one, all black, seen. Fulmar Petrel, _Fulmarus glacialis_.--Yarmouth, October 31st, caught at sea. Redcar, three shot early in November.

ALCIDÆ.--Common Guillemot, _Lomvia troile_.--Flambro', February 5th, 1885, great number off breeding quarters. Longstone L.H., March 7th, many on the rocks, "are seven days earlier than in 1884." Farn L.H., February 25th, "thousands flying near nesting haunts." April 12th, "have taken to rocks." November 28th several Black Guillemot off island. Little Auk, _Mergulus alle_.--Longstone, October 14th, two. Puffin, _Fratercula arctica_.--Farn L.H., April 12th, returned to nesting quarters. Longstone, 14th, first seen, "four days earlier than last year."