Chapter XIV: Introduction (1)

It is difficult for a fair-minded person to realize how hard it is to find space in leading newspapers and magazines for words of defense when expressed in favor of an unpopular people. Their columns are open to attacks, but seldom do we find one blessed with sufficient independence of mind to present the unpopular side to the public. The lady from Ohio who is the author of the following manuscript is not the first to discover this. This manuscript was rejected by "Modern Culture," "Current History," "The Arena," "The Forum," "The World's Work," "Munsey's," "Harper's Monthly," "McClure's," and "The Worlds Today." It was then sent to Ben E. Rich of Atlanta, Georgia, accompanied by a letter, from which we quote as follows:

"Your name has within the last year or two come to me as that of
a representative of the Mormon people, and I therefore take the
liberty of calling your attention to a matter that will doubtless
interest you. Upon more than one occasion I have sojourned in the
state of Utah for a considerable length of time, and have had
abundant opportunities of judging your people from more than one
standpoint. I have met them in both city and country, in their
homes (polygamous and otherwise), and in their business. I have met
them socially in many ways, and have mingled with them when they
have met in exercise of their religious faith. When first thrown
among them, I knew of nothing that would cause me to be predisposed
in their favor, having read many things derogatory to their
character as American citizens, and to their virtue and purity in
social and family relations. I endeavored, however, to judge them
on their own merits and not on opinions advanced by other people.
As a result, I found much to admire and little to condemn. Above
everything else, I found them sincere and honest, and learned to
know that the mistakes and blunders of individuals were of the head
and not of the heart. I have come to regard many of them as my
friends, and will always feel an interest in the people as a whole.
I have, however, been much annoyed by the scurrilous articles that
have of late been written about them, and have often had in my mind
to take up the cudgel in their defense. As to the truth of many
of the adverse stories that have been told in the past, I am in
no position to judge, {192} but of the untruth of the more recent
ones, I am sure. Looking at the past in the light of the present, I
am inclined to the belief that those earlier stories contain much
fiction, and some have been absolutely disproved.

"A particularly objectionable article having not long ago come
to my notice, I wrote in protest to the magazine publishing it.
The editor in a personal reply requested me to write him what I
knew personally about the subject under discussion. I thereupon
decided to offer him for publication something in the nature
of a response to the previous article, thus showing the Mormon
people as I knew them to be. The magazine in question ("Modern
Culture," now consolidated with "Current History"), after having
kept them manuscript several weeks, at last returned it with a
curt refusal. Upon my demanding an explanation and asking if the
objection lay in either diction or lack of style in composition, I
received from the Editor a personal assurance, that the objection
lay only in the unsuitableness of the subject. I afterwards
offered it to one magazine after another, always with the same
result. I persevered, however, each failure making me more than
ever aware of the difficulty of presenting the truth of a matter
so long surrounded by prejudice, but receiving the manuscript
back again with the same regularity with which I sent it. I will
add that but one publication, "The World's Work," offered me a
reasonable excuse, and some of them have since solicited articles
on different subjects from my pen. "The World's Work" presented
a very fair exposition of the Social System, upon which much of
Utah's prosperity is founded, in the issue of the month previous to
that in which I offered mine. Thinking the matter over, I am more
than ever anxious that in some way, the true conditions prevailing
in Utah shall come to the notice of the American people, deeming
it a simple justice due them. I have therefore taken the liberty
of thus arousing your interest in that which I would fain call
the "Rejected Manuscript," and of submitting it to you, with the
request that, if agreeable to you, it may in some way be brought
before the people."

With the opening remarks in this introduction, and the quotation we make from the author's letter, we give to the public the "Rejected Manuscript" without further comment.

A REJECTED MANUSCRIPT.

Utah and Salt Lake City! How many are the tales which have been told us of this unique city and its queer inhabitants. They have been represented to us as a people, "deep, dark and mysterious;" a people to be avoided as one would the fallen angels. A people promulgating a religion aimed at the very foundation of civilization, and undermining its holiest and purest institutions. We have been solemnly informed that once within the clutches of its religious fanatics, escape would be well nigh impossible. Statements which might be applicable to a description of Thibet, are even now in print, {193} and quite recently, "horrible" stories of persecution in which the misguided and degraded "Mormons," having first torn down and trampled upon the American flag, resorted to the flinging of mud, as well as sticks and stones, at the devoted head of its sole defender. Until within a few years, Utah figured as the "Darkest Africa" of this our free and happy Union. But the tourist has at last, with admirable bravery, invaded its forbidden precincts, overrun its quiet villages, crowded the quaint streets of its cities, and laid bare the awful secret of its hidden mystery.

Alas, it is but as a "tale that is told," it is even as the "big dark" of our childish fears, which only needed investigation to prove its utter nothingness. We find after all, only a kindly people, busily engaged, for the most part, in overcoming an unproductive soil, and putting themselves in a way to use to advantage and profit, the splendid resources with which nature and their own thrift have bountifully provided them. Broad and fertile valleys now smile back at us, where unfruitful wastes once frowned, and prosperous cities and towns give evidence of true western enterprise; and the people--they are not so very much unlike other people. One might exclaim, with a fair tourist whose itinerary last summer, gave her a day or two in Salt Lake City--"Well, I don't see any one who looks like a Mormon!" What could she have been expecting? There is a tradition among the people in question, that horns have ceased to decorate their brows, and that even the rudest of them are quite harmless.

Apropos of Salt Lake City; as all roads once led to Rome, so also are there very few western-bound tourists, who do not find themselves, at some stage of their wanderings, guests within its gates. They come from everywhere, and their expectations are varied. They go in great crowds to the Tabernacle organ recitals, where a matchless instrument is touched by a master hand, while ten thousand can be comfortably seated beneath its pillarless dome, and lose not one vibration. Ah! How can one describe a scene so inspiring? The vast audience spell-bound, entranced, forgetful alike of time and place, deaf to all else save the voice of the wonderful organ, bearing to them great waves of melody, now glorious and triumphant in the Tannhauser and William Tell, now low and wailing in Il Trovatore. Now it is the Lost Chord and now the Angels' Chorus, lacking only articulation to make it human. And so we listen and marvel, and make good resolutions, and the music grows soft and faint, and far away, and ceases; and we find ourselves in a silence that is intense, vainly striving {194} to catch one more harmonious whisper. It is all over. We are glad, if we may, to take the hand of the organist, and then we go streaming out into the sunshine, and the great, bustling, workaday world claims us once more. We go our various ways feeling the better for this happy hour, snatched out of the glowing heart of the busy day, and resolve to go again if time permits. And all this is free. Free as the air we breathe, and the grass we tread upon, twice a week throughout the year, save only the winter months. Really, for semi-barbarians, this is doing very well. When we see this great Tabernacle filled on a Sabbath afternoon and hear the charm of five hundred voices added to that of the organ, and listen to the straightforward addresses of several unsalaried "Saints," our thoughts go back to the half empty churches of the East, and we feel that we have come upon at least one mystery. Whatever are the doctrines Mormonism teaches, its votaries seem to be earnest and do not look like a priest-ridden people. In their family life they are extremely hospitable, and he is fortunate indeed who is admitted as a guest within their homes. We are charmed by their hearty welcome, and the unostentatious kindness that is showered upon us.

Socially, nothing comes amiss with them that can be classed under the head of innocent amusements; and so the great dancing pavilion and the bathing beach at Saltair are thronged daily and nightly throughout the season. Saltair! There is nothing to equal it. One thousand couples can dance upon its polished floor, while the soft breezes from over the great Salt Lake cool the flushed cheek and stimulate the most lagging appetite; or, we join the bathers and go for a dip in its briny water. Refreshed and invigorated, we rest upon the broad balconies and watch the sun in a "sea of crimson and purple and gold" as it sinks behind the mountains, which are really islands, set like gems, in the bosom of the great lake. Later, we find ourselves-wondering if famed Italian and Venetian moons can give us any clearer light, and how their radiance can flood a night more delicious than this. The strains of "Home, Sweet Home," in the closing waltz, and the thinned-out ranks of the dancers, warn us that the last train for the city is due, and sixteen miles might prove wearisome, however bright the moonlight. Saltair is upon every one's lips. No visitor misses it, unless compelled by an adverse fate; and we find ourselves drawn back again and again, each time more charmed than the last. Like the mountains, it attracts and fascinates--the mountains, which rear their misty outlines in the blue distance, and beckon and mock us. Five miles away {195} they appear as tantalizingly close; indeed, we might run over to the base of one, by way of a constitutional before breakfast. We discover, alas! that "distance lends enchantment." We are left in no possible doubt that there is a distance. The main street of the city apparently runs directly into them, and City Creek Canon, from whose clear stream its thirsty thousands drink, is reached by only a short drive. Salt Lake is truly a mountain-girt city, and its founders must have resembled them in strength of purpose and steadfast effort. To have reclaimed the desert and, in part, peopled a state, is no small achievement.

The Mormons foster education and educational institutions. "The glory of God is intelligence," they tell us, and intelligence for women as well as for men. Women, in the Mormon estimate, occupies a very high position, both in Church and state. You are surprised? You thought her subjected to all sorts of humiliating treatment, and that polygamy held her hopelessly in subjection? Ah! why not let polygamy rest as the dead issue that it really is? Why be always dragging it out and dangling its supposed horrors in the face of every advancement! Its practice was limited to but three per cent of those who believed in it as a principle; but even though an "Angel in Heaven" should declare the truth in the matter prejudice would stop its ears and refuse to hear. Why fill our minds with the blood-curdling tales of yellow back literature, when all the riches of the master minds of bygone centuries are at our disposal? Why not show to those whom we considered deluded a manner of living that will win them to us? Let us hear no more of the divorce courts and the brothel, before we cast the first stone at our brothers. Divorce is practically unknown among the Mormons, and when we assail Salt Lake City for morals we must remember that half her population is "Gentile," and that for the last twelve years the head of her city government has been drawn from that source.

In forming an impartial estimate of a people, we choose for our consideration neither the class that is designated as the upper stratum, nor those whose worldly possessions place them it the bottom, but go rather to the great middle class, those who hold a position between the two extremes. The Mormons profess to have no upper and no lower classes. They aim to meet on common ground, whatever their worldly inheritance may be. Their young men are called upon to give two or three years, and oftentimes more, of their life to the spreading of the gospel as they believe and teach it; and rich {196} and poor, they go cheerfully, away from home and friends, amid unfriendly strangers, without other recompense than the consciousness of a duty performed. These are the much talked about and much dreaded missionaries, against whose "pernicious" influences we are warned. Considering the fact that these same Elders are in many cases beardless youths, is it not strange that contact with them is so feared, and discussions looked upon as so dangerous? Surely Christianity in all the nineteen hundred years that have elapsed since its establishment, has given us sufficient knowledge with which to defend ourselves. Why then all this flurry? Are we to be forced to believe ourselves on the weaker side? But, you say they are such "smooth fellows." True, but is the smoothness to be all on one side? Let us mass our forces and meet them on even ground, and who knows whose may be the victory?

We have all been told of the shield, over the appearance of which, in ancient times, two warriors quarreled, only to discover at the last that it presented an entirely different side to each. Is there not a possibility that, after all has been said and done, we may find there are also two sides to the Mormon question? History, we say, points with unerring finger to bloody deeds and insubordination. In one long procession they pass before us, "Mountain Meadow Massacre," "Danite Raids," "Bloody Atonement," political intrigues and gross depravity. They have been called a blot upon our Western civilization, and today the map of Utah is presented with a huge octopus disfiguring its fair proportions, and whose tentacles reach out into adjoining states. We have surely told you how unreliable are the stories told us of early pioneer days beyond the Mississippi, and how fabulous are legends which come to us of its early settlers. We have not considered how large a part the prejudice, which always follows a religious belief that deviates even in the least from what is known as orthodox, has played in the lurid tales with which our too eager ears have been regaled. We have fallen into the same error for which we censure the ancient knights; we have neglected to look upon the other side of the shield. What sad tales of persecution and long suffering we find here. Tragedies as sad as any in Reformation days. From Kirtland to Nauvoo, and across the trackless prairie they were driven, their weary way marked by the graves of those whose physical strength was not sufficient, until they reached at last what, to them, was a promised land, the valley of the great Salt Lake. Desolate and unpromising as it was, they have made it blossom {197} as the rose. To quote a recent descriptive work, "By industry as remarkable as it was well directed, the desert was converted into an oasis, and the bare earth, with its poverty of sands and sage brush, was made to cover its nakedness with the green vestures of an almost unexampled fecundity."

How much truth there is in all that is urged against them, and how mistaken we may be as to their motives and the underlying principles which dominate their rough and rugged exterior, those of us who are enough interested must determine for ourselves. Strange, is it not, that we hear so little mention of the horrors of Haun's Mill, and so few detailed accounts of the mid-winter expulsion from Nauvoo? General Thomas L. Kane, of Philadelphia, visited their deserted city soon after their enemies had driven them away, and in a lecture delivered on the subject before the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, used these words:

"Dreadful, indeed, was the suffering of these forsaken beings;
bowed and cramped by cold and sunburn, alternating as each weary
day and night dragged on, they were almost all of them, the
crippled victims of disease. They were there because they had no
homes, nor hospitals, nor poorhouse, nor friends to offer them any.
They could not satisfy the feeble cravings of their sick; they had
not bread to quiet the fractious hunger-cries of their children.
Mothers and babes, daughters and grandparents, all of them alike
were bivouacked in tatters, wanting even covering to comfort those
whom the sick shivers of fever were searching to the marrow. These
were Mormons, famishing in Lee County, Iowa, in the fourth week of
the month of September, in the year of our Lord, 1846. The city--it
was Nauvoo, Illinois. The Mormons were the owners of that city and
the smiling country around. And those who had stopped their plows,
who had silenced their hammers, their axes, their shuttles, and
their workshop wheels; those who had put out their fires and eaten
their food, spoiled their orchards and trampled under foot their
thousands of acres of unharvested bread--these were the keepers of
their dwellings, the carousers in their Temples, whose drunken riot
insulted the ears of their dying."

They had the added agony of camping on the snow covered ground without shelter, in plain sight of their confiscated possessions and desolated hearthstones. Another writer thus describes the awful scene:

"Out into the trackless American wilds, into an Indian country,
the 'Mormons' wended their way, weary and destitute, for more than
fifteen hundred miles, their pathway being marked by the graves
of their dead. The history of their privations and suffering
is harrowing in the extreme. The {198} lives of not less than
a thousand of their number were sacrificed in the relentless
persecutions connected with the exodus from Illinois."

Need we be surprised that a feeble protest was raised against the too zealous enforcement of laws framed to this very end, or that a sense of injustice should be the result of such vigorous treatment?

We hear nothing nowadays of the battalion furnished by the Mormon refugees, for the defense of the flag in California and Mexico, at a time, too, when every able-bodied man was needed for defense against hostile Indians, hunger and all the other dangers attendant upon pioneer travel. In answer to this demand, Brigham Young said:

"You shall have your battalion, Captain Allen; and if there are not
young men enough, we will take the old men, and if they are not
enough, we will take the women."

In three days the force was mustered and ready to march. And again to the assembled people:

"I say unto you, magnify the laws. There is no law in the United
States, or in the Constitution, but I am ready to make honorable."

Here is the message which came over the wires when amid the turmoil of the first years of the Civil War, the Overland telegraph line was completed:

"Utah has not seceded, but is firm for the Constitution and laws
of our once happy country, and is warmly interested in such useful
enterprises as the one so far completed."

A similar demonstration of patriotism and love of progress took place when the first iron horse, over the Union Pacific, came puffing into the Territory:

"Utah bids you welcome. Hail to the great National highway."

And this from their Articles of Faith:

"We believe in being subjects to kings, presidents, rulers, and
magistrates; in obeying, honoring, and sustaining the law."

These do not sound like the utterances of a people, jealously guarding from the intrusion of civilization, a region in which they might entrench themselves, and defy the advancement of law, order and Christianity. As our luxurious Pullman bears us swiftly and comfortably over the rolling prairie, do we ever give a thought to the patient, downtrodden ones {199} who marked out the path for us? Those who, in the words of one of their own poets:

"As armed with mighty faith, no foe could vaunt,
No powers appall, no pending danger daunt."

And what of the Mountain Meadow Massacre and the Danite band? The daring perpetrator of the former outrage was willingly given over to the just retribution which awaited him, arid the existence of the "Avenging Angels" as an organization under the direction and receiving the sanction of Mormon leaders, was long ago exploded as the fabrication of an over-excited and too active imagination. We can find no more substantial foundation remaining to it than that which underlies any other myth or tradition. "Let the dead past bury its dead." Let us take the Mormon people as we find them today and try to discover in them a little good rather than wholesale evil. Let us commend them for the benefit, however small, that they have bestowed upon their day and generation, and cover with the mantle of charity, if enough of that priceless commodity be left in the world, the unintentional evil they may have done, and the mistakes they may have made. The wrong doing of individuals should not be visited upon the heads of the entire community, and narrow, personal prejudices should not be allowed to warp our good judgment.

This is an age of wide research and broad acquirements, and we will not find our Mormon countrymen very far behind in the race for all that broadens and enlightens. They have their own poets, their own artists and their own musicians. You can find them represented in the universities and in the studios, and in the conservatories of music of more than one foreign city, as well as in those of our own fair land. Wherever education and culture congregate, you will find a colony of them; and they are not unknown in the scientific and the professional world; neither are they lacking in manufacturers and financiers. The great Tabernacle organ (second to none in the country) is presided over by one of their own young musicians, and the baton is wielded by one of their own faith, over the Tabernacle choir, which has more than once earned the wonder and applause of California audiences. It is a Mormon girl, granddaughter of one of Mormonism's great leaders, who has recently made her debut, and taken by storm one Eastern city after another, charming them alike by her personality and her ability; and whose marvelous voice a conservative Boston paper has likened to that of Patti. An exploring {200} party, sent out by a Mormon institution of learning, has only just returned after having penetrated with infinite hardship, privation and determination, deeply into the forbidden wilds of South Africa, endeavoring to give to the world of science and research information that is valuable and rare.

One of the remarkable things about the Mormons is, that they are a travelled people. As we meet them and converse with them, we wonder at the various phases of human life with which they seem to be familiar, and the ease with which many of them are able to settle, for themselves, many vexed social problems. But they are either extremely modest, or foreign sojourn has become so ordinary a thing with them, that they attach no unusual significance to it; for it is only upon questioning them, or after having known them some time, that the secret of it is made known.

Ah, yes, we say, travel is a good schoolmaster, and we broaden and deepen under its discipline. But there are many kinds of travelers; the mere globe trotter, hastening from one capital to another, seeing much, but perceiving little, and resembling the woman who was asked by a friend what most impressed her in one of Germany's tourist-infested cities. After due consideration she replied, "Well, I think of all the things I remember with most delight, the very best were the delicious Frankfort sausages." "Ye gods and little fishes!" Frankfort sausages, indeed! If she was an American we renounce all claim to her. He who would reap lasting benefit must be possessed of the "seeing eye," and know the meaning of insight as well as sight. But if travel alone can do so much for us, of how much greater value the sojourner under many skies, and amid various manners and customs, gleaning a little here and a little there, and adding daily to our lore of people and things. Not alone is this true of the Mormon man, but in a great measure true also of the woman. They have extended their itinerary to the islands of the sea, and countries oriental. They have practically belted the globe, and gathered from the rich treasures of its world-old storehouses, that which centuries have been amassing; and they bring it all and lay it at the feet of their well-beloved home land. For they are proud of their country, proud of the flag she flies and intensely proud of their lovely "Deseret." They are proud of their heroic men and women, brave daughters of the desert, tried and true, who laid the foundations upon which they are engaged in building a superstructure that will do lasting honor to those who suffered so much in establishing it.

{201} A great incentive for the acquisition of knowledge is given to the advocate of Mormonism by the belief that no advancement made in this life will go as naught when death overtakes him. He will go on progressing throughout the countless ages of eternity, without the power of sin to retard his efforts, and with all the vast recourses of celestial lore to accelerate his speed. He accounts for different degrees of intelligence observed in individuals in this life, by his theory of pre-existence, in which some had attained a greater advancement than had others. He does not deny salvation to any of the human race, and believes that no erring soul will be forever lost. He hopes for all his dead a chance for glorification equal to his own; and in the beautiful temples scattered over Utah, he unselfishly does for them, what is to him a work of redemption. The largest and most beautiful of them all is visible to the visitor to Salt Lake City, standing in the midst of the city. Its white and glistening towers, supporting the gilded statue of the Mormon angel "Moroni," come into sight long before the outlines of any other architecture. Built of native granite, at an outlay of nearly three million dollars, forty years were given to its construction and embellishment.

In all justice to these people, let us say, "We admire you for the progress you have made, the stern determination you have shown, and while we may not agree with you in your religious tenets, we recognize you as brother Americans and co-patriots, under a flag and constitution which is broad enough to shelter all creeds and all true men. We believe you when you say that plural marriage is a thing of the past, and we think the better of you for honoring ties already formed." So will we prove ourselves possessed of Christian toleration for those who dare dispute our pet theories, and place ourselves in a way to do a tardy justice. "We believe all things, we hope all things, we have endured many things, and hope to be able to endure all things. If there is anything virtuous, lovely or of good report or praiseworthy, we seek after these things." (Articles of Faith.) Truly, if Utah and her people were one-half as bad as she has been painted, she would deserve a fate ten times more dreadful than any that her enemies have as yet devised for her. A just God could do no less than cause the thunderbolts of His wrath to fall upon her and consume her, that the earth might be purified of her polluting influence. But how different from the awful picture do we really find her!

{202}

RAYS OF LIVING LIGHT.

No. 1.

BY CHARLES W. PENROSE.

There are so many different religious systems in the world, each claiming not only to be right but to be divine, that a rational mind, unwarped by sect or creed, is likely to become bewildered and disgusted in efforts to reach and embrace religious truth. The claim frequently put forth that all the Christian sects are right is a palpable absurdity. Truth is always consistent with itself. It is error that causes confusion. Two opposing systems cannot both be correct. They may both be wrong, but it is impossible for both to be right. There may be some truth in every religion that has been foisted upon the world. Indeed, without that no system could have continued existence. It is that portion of each religion which is true that keeps it alive and makes its errors plausible.

To say that God is the author of the conflicting religions which distract mankind, is to charge him with inconsistency and folly. That which comes from God must of necessity be true. This needs no argument; it is so self-evident that many thinking people, beholding the contention and strife of ages over religious affairs, have formed the opinion that all religions are human, conceived in the minds of men and promulgated for selfish purposes. Yet, admitting that there is a Supreme Being, the Creator of all things, who is the embodiment of truth, justice, mercy, wisdom, and love, it seems unreasonable to think that He would leave His intelligent creatures without a guide on the road to the eternal future.

As there is but one Supreme God, there can be but one true religion. That religion must be of divine origin. It must come from God to man. Religions invented by men would necessarily vary. Man cannot by his Own searching find out God, or the ways of God, but Deity can enlighten man and reveal Himself and His will to mortals. The infinite can condescend to the finite, while the finite of itself cannot grasp or comprehend the infinite. It is of the utmost importance that mankind should learn what God requires, in order that {203} men and women may be fitted for His presence and be in harmony with Him in time and in eternity. The true religion, therefore, that which God reveals, that which he has revealed, and that which he may yet reveal, should be considered of greater value than anything else. Nothing that is perishable can be compared with it. That which endures forever is immeasurably above that which only lasts for time. He that gains this "pearl of great price" is rich above all computation.

One of the great errors into which people have fallen in reference to religion is that God must accept any mode of worship, any sort of ordinances, and any kind of church that men may establish, so long as they are sincere in their intentions and devout in their desires. God must be worshiped not only in spirit, but in truth. His word is truth. His spirit is the spirit of truth. God's religion, then, will be the truth, and nothing but the truth, and he will accept of nothing short of this. The inventions of men, whatever may be their motives, are not of God, and therefore, are vain. The precepts and opinions and vagaries of man-appointed preachers and teachers, not being authorized or inspired of God, cannot be relied upon and are not acknowledged in Heaven. Christendom as well as heathendom is in a ferment with human conceptions and conflicting theories in relation to God, His will, His purposes, and His requirements. The result is spiritual Babylon, which is confusion. God is not with it, for He is the author of peace, and order and harmony.

"Strait is the gate and narrow is the way which leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it;" so said the great Teacher whom professing Christians regard as the Savior of the world (Matthew VII, 14). He also declared: "Verily, verily, I say unto you, he that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber." (John X; 1.) Also, "But in vain they do worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men." (Matt. 15; 9.) And further, "Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God." (Matt. IV; 4.)

The nations that are called heathen are, no doubt, as sincere in their idolatrous worship as are the Christian nations in their opposing creeds and devotional exercises. If mere sincerity and devout motives are sufficient for God's acceptance, then heathendom is on a par with Christendom in the sight of Heaven. But the objector will no doubt reply, "Heathen religions lack the one essential feature of acceptance with God, faith in Jesus Christ. Having that, doctrinal differences do {204} not matter; faith alone is sufficient for salvation. Christ is the way, the truth, and the light, and whosoever believeth in him shall have eternal life." That is another of the astonishing errors of modern religious people and teachers. Seizing upon a few isolated texts from the New Testament, relying upon the letter of the word alone, regardless of the spirit and meaning thereof, they altogether ignore numerous other texts in the same volume, which make plain the intent and signification of those which they select. Their eyes are blinded to the pure truth, they stumble in the way, and the blind leading the blind, they are in danger of falling into the ditch together.

Jesus of Nazareth truly said, "For God so loved the world that He gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life." (John III, 16.) But he also said, "My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me." (John X; 27.) "Verily, verily, I say unto you, he that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do because I go to my Father." (John XIV; 12.) "If a man love me, he will keep my word." (v; 23.) "He that hath my commandments and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me; and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love him and manifest myself unto him," (v. 21.) "If ye keep my commandments ye shall abide in my love, even as I have kept my Father's commandments and abide in His love." (John XV; 10.) "Not every one that saith unto me Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of Heaven, but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in Heaven" (Matt. VII; 21.) "And why call ye me Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say?" (Luke VI; 46.) "Whosoever, therefore, shall break one of these least commandments and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven; but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of Heaven; for I say unto you that except your righteousness shall exceed the righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of Heaven." (Matt. V; 19-20.) "And every one that heareth these sayings of mine and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man which built his house upon the sands, and the rain descended and the floods came, and the wind blew and beat upon that house, and it fell, and great was the fall of it." (Matt. VII; 26, 27.) "Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruits is hewn down and cast into the fire. Therefore by their fruits ye shall know them." (Matt. VII; 19.) When the rich young man asked the Savior what {205} he should do that he might have eternal life, he was not told there was nothing for him to do but believe in Christ, but the answer was, "If thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments." (Matt. XIX; 17.) After Christ's resurrection when he sent his Apostles into all the world to preach the Gospel to every creature, he added, "Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you." (Matt. XXVIII: 20.)

The Apostles thus authorized obeyed these instructions, and not only proclaimed belief in Jesus Christ as necessary to salvation, but obedience to his teachings as equally essential. The history of their travels, as narrated in the book called the Acts of the Apostles, demonstrates this to be true. Such of their epistles as have been preserved and compiled in the New Testament, also bear this witness. These records show beyond reasonable dispute that the faith in Christ which is sufficient for salvation, comprehends faith in his teachings and obedience to his commands.

The belief in Christ which is taught by modern Christian sects is thus condemned by the Apostle James: "But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith without works is dead? Ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and not by faith only." "For as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also." (James II; 20, 24, 26.)

The Apostle Paul is generally cited as the great preacher of the doctrine of justification by faith alone. But that he is misunderstood on that subject is evident from his Epistle to the Romans, in which, while he proclaims the doctrine of justification by faith, he also affirms emphatically the necessity of good works as the fruits of faith; as for instance: "Who will render to every man according to his deeds; to those who by patient continuance in well doing, seek for glory, and honor and immortality, eternal life. But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness; indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish upon every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first and also of the Gentile. But glory, honor and peace to every man that worketh good, to the Jew first and also to the Gentile. For there is no respect of persons with God." (Romans II; 6-11.)

It is to this very epistle that the advocates of salvation by faith alone chiefly refer when seeking support for their irrational theory, and they quote: "Therefore being justified by faith we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ." (Romans V; 1.) Also, "Where is boasting then? It is excluded. By what law? Of works? Nay, but by the law {206} of faith." (Chap. III; 27.) But they neglect to add what follows, "Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law," (v. 28). The tenor of the whole epistle is to the effect that the law of Moses is insufficient; that "Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall be no flesh justified in his sight." (v. 20). That justification and redemption come through the atonement made by Christ, and that faith in him, which includes belief in his teachings and obedience to his commands, is the one way of salvation.

Another quotation common with the disciples of the faith alone doctrine is this: "That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved." (Romans X; 9.) But here again they omit the following verse: "For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness, and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation." (v. 10.)

This is the key to the whole matter. The faith that saves is the faith that leads to obedience, which is "better than sacrifice." That obedience must be given to "every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God." Belief, prayer, devotional exercises, of themselves will not prepare man for the presence and society of his Maker. To dwell with Him, man must be assimilated to His likeness. This can be effected only by compliance with His commands. Man's future will be determined by his present course. In the glorious vision given to John the Beloved, we find this: "And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God, and the books were opened, and another book was opened, which is the book of life, and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books according to their works." (Rev. XX; 12.)

This tract is but preliminary to others, in which the one everlasting way of life and plan of salvation will be plainly pointed out, for the benefit of mankind and the glory of the Supreme and Eternal God, to whom be honor and praise forever. Amen.

{207}

RAYS OF LIVING LIGHT.

No. 2.

BY CHARLES W. PENROSE.

The first principle of revealed religion is Faith in God. True religion must begin with faith in the true God. Faith in false Gods, leads to false religions. Without faith there can be no religion in the soul of man. "Without faith it is impossible to please God. For he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek Him." (Heb. XI; 6.) In a general sense faith is the assurance in the soul of the existence of unseen things, that is, unseen by the natural eye. The principle of faith, that is, the power to believe, is planted in man by the gift of God. It is developed by evidence. Faith in God is brought into action by the word of God. Whether spoken by Deity Himself, by angels sent from His presence, or by men divinely authorized and appointed to speak in His name under the influence of His Holy Spirit, the word of God is the same. When that word is written it is scripture.

Evidences of the existence of a Supreme Being are seen in vast profusion. They appeal to every rational mind. The order, beauty, and sublimity of the heavenly bodies, moving through space in silent majesty, each in its own orbit, balancing and counter-balancing each other without an error in time or revolution, all preserving their own identity and performing their own mission, proceeding thus through everlasting ages, are perennial witnesses of the existence, power, and glory of God. The earth itself, with its relations to other planets, its products, its seasons, its adaptation to the needs of the creatures that inhabit its surface or its atmosphere, joins in the grand chorus of the music of the spheres, "forever singing as they shine, the Hand that made us is Divine." Nature, however, while proclaiming the existence of Deity, does not disclose His personality or reveal His will. A knowledge of God can only come from God. Faith leads to that knowledge.

The greatest religious teacher among men was Jesus, the Nazarene. In his personality God was manifest in the flesh. {208} He revealed Deity to humanity. He showed that God was in reality the Father of the spirits of men. He proclaimed that he was in the beginning with God; that he came forth from God, and would return to God, and that all mankind were his brethren, made in the image of God and part of his eternal family. This presents God as actually and literally "Our Father which art in heaven." It takes away the mystery with which false faiths have enveloped the Supreme Being, beclouding the minds of men, and making God utterly incomprehensible. Jesus taught that his Father and our Father is a personal being, man being in his likeness, Jesus himself being in his express image. He taught also that he was sent into the world to save mankind, and bring them back to the Father's presence; that no man could come unto God but by him. The true Christian religion, therefore, combines faith in Jesus Christ the Son, with faith in God the eternal Father. Christ further taught the existence of a divine spirit, proceeding from God, to enlighten the souls of men; that is, the Holy Ghost, by which the mind and will of God may be made known to man, and by which holy men chosen of God have been inspired in different ages to declare his word.

These three, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, form the eternal Godhead. They are not one person, as erroneously declared by modern Christian churches, but are separate and distinct substances, though one in mind and power and dominion. Jesus of Nazareth, as the Son of God, was a personality as distinct from the personality of the Eternal Father as is that of any earthly son from his father. The Holy Spirit, though proceeding from both the Father and the Son, is not either of them, but has an identity of its own. It is true that Jesus said, "I and my Father are one." (John X; 30), but he also said, "My Father is greater than I," (John XIV; 28).

That the unity of the Godhead is not oneness in person, is made very clear in the account of the baptism of Jesus Christ: The Son on that occasion coming up out of the waters of Jordan, the Holy Spirit descending upon him in the form of a dove, and the voice of the Father from heaven proclaiming, "This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased." (Matt. III; 16-17.) Jesus said, "I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world. Again I leave the world and go to the Father." (John XVI; 28.) He also prayed to the Father, and in the prayer recorded by John, explained in unmistakable language what he meant when he declared "I and my Father are one." After praying for his Apostles, he said: {209} "Neither pray I for these alone, but for them also which shall believe on me through their words, that they all may be one, as thou, Father, art in me and I in Thee, that they also may be one in us. That the world may believe that Thou hast sent me." (John XVII; 17-18). Concerning the Holy Spirit he said: "Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away, for if I go not away the Comforter will not come unto you. But if I depart I will send him unto you." (Chap. XVI; 17.) Many more of the sayings of the Savior might be adduced, but these are sufficient to show the distinct personality of each of the three that form the Godhead, while they are in perfect unity of mind and purpose and action. If they are one substance, as taught in modern Christendom, then all who believe on them, in all ages, are to be made also one substance, thus losing their identity and becoming one vast, incomprehensible and inconceivable individuality.

The omnipresence of God has bewildered many minds which are unable, because of modern false teachings, to understand how God the Eternal Father can be a person after whose form and image man is created, and yet be present throughout his vast creations. But the explanation is simple in the light of truth. It is by his Holy Spirit, which permeates all things, and is the life and the light of all things, that Deity is everywhere present. Our Father has his dwelling place in the eternal heavens. Christ is at his right hand, and the Holy Spirit proceeds from them throughout the immensity of space. By that agency God sees and knows and governs all things. By it mankind may be brought into union and communion with God. It guides into all truth. It recalls the past, manifests the present, and reveals the future. It is the testimony of Jesus and the spirit of prophecy. It is the light of Christ, and "lighteth every man that cometh into the world." It is the "inspiration of God which giveth the spirit of man understanding." To that degree it shines on every soul, but as the gift of the Holy Ghost it is a far greater and higher light. Then it is the abiding witness that bears record of the Father and the Son; that "searcheth all things, yea the deep things of God."

Faith in God the Father and in Jesus Christ, the Son, and in the Holy Ghost is but the beginning of true religion. It is exhibited in works of obedience which will be explained in other tracts of this series. Faith is also a principle of power. All human exertion springs from its exercise. This is exemplified in all the acts of life. In a higher sense it is a spiritual force. It was by faith, in this degree, that the wonderful {210} works of the Prophets and Apostles and other holy men of old, were accomplished, as recorded in the Old and New Testaments, and in the sacred books of the Seers and Sages who were not of the Hebrew race. For, faith is the same principle in all ages and among all nations. It was by this faith that the sick were healed, the blind received their sight, the lame were made to walk, the deaf to hear, the dumb to speak, the sting of the serpent and the virulence of poison were made harmless, divine dreams and heavenly visions were beheld, and the glories of eternity were unfolded to the Saints and servants of God in the early Christian Church. It was by faith that lepers were cleansed, water was turned into wine, multitudes were fed with a few loaves and fishes, the winds and the waves were stilled, and the dead were raised to life, when the Divine Master walketh on earth in the flesh. These marvels are called "miracles." They are deemed supernatural, but they were the natural results of the exercise of the spiritual force called faith. It was by the same power that the heavens were closed that there was no rain for three years and six months; that the barrel of meal and the cruse of oil failed not, and that the ravens brought food in the days of Elijah the Prophet. By the same faith the children of Israel were led out of Egypt by Moses, the Red Sea was divided, manna was brought from heaven and water from the rock, and people bitten by serpents were healed in the wilderness. It was also by that faith that the early patriarchs prevailed, and some of them walked and talked with God. And indeed, it was by faith that the worlds were brought into material existence, order coming out of chaos, light springing forth from darkness, and life, in its various forms, being developed through the word of the Eternal God, in whom this principle of faith is manifest in its full and complete perfection.

This is the faith spoken of in the 11th chapter of Hebrews. Also in the Epistle of Jude, in which he urged upon the Church when writing upon the "common salvation," that they should "earnestly contend for the faith once delivered to the Saints." In modern Christendom it is taught that this faith, with all the gifts, signs and glorious manifestations which it produces, are "done away and no longer needed." But this is another of the many grievous errors of spiritual Babylon. God is the same yesterday, today and forever. A principle of truth never changes. Cause and effect do not vary by the lapse of time. The faith exercised in the first century of the Christian era or of human existence on earth, must inevitably {211} bring forth similar results in the latter days. The absence of the effect proves the absence of the cause.