Chapter XV: Part 15

On arriving in the city the President was welcomed by the other members of the Reception Committee, headed by Mayor Roger L. Fulton, the Board of Aldermen, and the following prominent citizens: Leon Blum, R. S. Willis, J. C. League, H. A. Landes, J. E. Wallis, Col. J. S. Rogers, P. J. Willis, Robert Bornefeld, C. C. Sweeney, M. F. Mott, Albert Weis, M. Lasker, J. Z. Miller, Fen Cannon, Col. John D. Rogers, J. N. Sawyer, W. H. Sinclair, Joseph Cuney, Geo. Seeligson, Julius Weber, J. D. Skinner, Thos. H. Sweeney, James Montgomery, F. L. Dana, James Moore, W. F. Beers, J. H. Hutchings, Wm. H. Masters, M. W. Shaw, W. B. Denson, H. B. Cullum, C. H. Rickert, W. B. Lockhart, U. Muller, F. Lammers, H. F. Sproule, Judge C. L. Cleveland, Judge Wm. H. Stewart, R. T. Wheeler, N. W. Cuney, Thomas W. Cain, Samuel Penland, R. G. Street, J. Lobit, D. M. Erlich, C. M. Trueheart, L. Fellman, C. R. Reifel, Charles Vidor, George Butler, W. Vowrinckle, Joe Owens, C. E. Angel, Rev. S. M. Bird, Dr. A. W. Fly, Dr. J. T. Y. Paine, Dr. H. P. Cooke, J. R. Gibson, Howard Carnes, Charles Maddox, Bishop Gallagher, Rev. A. T. Spaulding, A. B. Tuller, Dr. J. D. Daviss, Rev. J. E. Edwards, A. B. Homer, Rev. Joseph B. Sears, J. Singer, R. C. Johnson, J. W. Riddell, B. Tiernan, T. A. Gary, John Focke, Joseph Scott, W. E. McDonald, Geo. Schneider, F. O. Becker, Thomas Goggan, J. D. Sherwood, O. H. Cooper, E. O'C. MacInerney, Thos. S. King, Robert Day, Daniel Buckley, J. J. Hanna, F. W. Fickett, Wm. Selkirk, and J. A. Robertson.

Immediately following their arrival the presidential party, escorted by Hon. Wm. H. Crain, Mr. Leon Blum, and other members of the Reception Committee, enjoyed a trip about the harbor aboard one of the Mallory line steamships, enabling them to view the extensive Government works for deepening the channel at the entrance to the harbor. This excursion was followed by a ride across the island amid a shower of flowers.

The parade was participated in by all the military and industrial organizations of the city; also by the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and other orders, and was a most imposing demonstration. The G. A. R. veterans acted as a guard of honor to the President on the march, and the day was just closing when the column arrived at the Beach Hotel, on the very shore of the Gulf of Mexico, where the formal address of welcome was ably delivered by Gen. T. N. Waul.

President Harrison's response was the longest speech of his trip, and attracted wide-spread and favorable comment. He said:

_My Fellow-citizens_--We close to-night a whole week of travel, a
whole week of hand-shaking, a whole week of talking. I have before me
10,000 miles of hand-shaking and speaking, and I am not, by reason of
what this week has brought me, in voice to contend with the fine but
rather strong Gulf breeze which pours in upon us to-night; and yet it
comes to me laden with the fragrance of your welcome. [Cheers.] It
comes with the softness, refreshment, and grace which have accompanied
all my intercourse with the people of Texas. [Great cheering.]

The magnificent and cordial demonstration which you have made in our
honor to-day will always remain a bright and pleasant picture in my
memory. [Great cheers.] I am glad to have been able to rest my eyes
upon the city of Galveston. I am glad to have been able to traverse
this harbor and to look upon that work which a liberal and united
Government has inaugurated for your benefit and for the benefit of
the Northwest. [Great and prolonged cheers.] I have always believed
that it was one of the undisputed functions of the general Government
to make these great waterways which penetrate our country and these
harbors into which our shipping must come to receive the tribute of
rail and river safe and easy of access.

This ministering care should extend to our whole country, and I
am glad that, adopting a policy with reference to the harbor work,
here at least, which I insisted upon in a public message [great and
prolonged cheering], the appropriation has been made adequate to a
diligent and prompt completion of the work. [Great cheering.] In
the past the Government has undertaken too many things at once, and
its annual appropriations have been so inadequate that the work of
the engineers was much retarded and often seriously damaged in the
interval of waiting for fresh appropriations.

It is a better policy, when a work has once been determined to be of
national significance, that the appropriation should be sufficient to
bring it speedily and without loss to a conclusion. [Great cheering.]
I am glad that the scheme of the engineer for giving deep water to
Galveston is thus to be prosecuted.

I have said some of our South Atlantic and Gulf ports occupy a most
favorable position for the new commerce toward which we are reaching
out our hands, and which is reaching out its hands to us. [Great
cheering.] I am an economist in the sense that I would not waste
one dollar of public money, but I am not an economist in the sense
that I would leave incomplete or suffer to lag any great work highly
promotive of the true interests of our people. [Great cheering.]

We are great enough and rich enough to reach forward to grander
conceptions than have entered the minds of some of our statesmen in
the past. If you are content, I am not, that the nations of Europe
shall absorb nearly the entire commerce of these near sister republics
that lie south of us. It is naturally in large measure ours--ours by
neighborhood, ours by nearness of access, ours by that sympathy that
binds a hemisphere without a king. [Cheers.]

The inauguration of the Three Americas Congress, or more properly
the American Conference, the happy conduct of that meeting, the
wise and comprehensive measures which were suggested by it, with
the fraternal and kindly spirit that was manifested by our southern
neighbors, has stimulated a desire in them and in our people for a
larger intercourse of commerce and of friendship. The provisions of
the bill passed at the last session looking to a reciprocity of trade
not only met with my official approval when I signed the bill, but
with my zealous promotion before the bill was reported. [Great and
prolonged cheering.]

Its provision concerning reciprocity is that we have placed upon our
free list sugar, tea, coffee and hides, and have said to those nations
from whom we receive these great staples: Give us free access to your
ports for an equivalent amount of our produce in exchange, or we will
reimpose duties upon the articles named. The law leaves it wholly to
the Executive to negotiate these arrangements. It does not need that
they shall take the form of a treaty.

They need not be submitted for the concurrence of the Senate. It
only needs that we, having made our offer, shall receive their offer
in return; and when they shall have made up an acceptable schedule of
articles produced by us that shall have free access to their ports,
a proclamation by the President closes the whole business. [Cheers.]
Already one treaty with that youngest of the South American republics,
the great republic of Brazil, has been negotiated and proclaimed. I
think, without disclosing an Executive secret, I may tell you that
the arrangement with Brazil is not likely to abide in lonesomeness
much longer [great and prolonged cheering]; that others are to follow,
and that as a result of these trade arrangements the products of
the United States--our meats, our breadstuffs, and certain lines of
manufactured goods--are to find free or favored access to the ports of
many of these South and Central American States. All the States will
share in these benefits. We have had some analysis of the manifests
of some of our steamers now sailing to South American ports, and in a
single steamer it was found that twenty-five States contributed to the
cargo.

But we shall need something more. We shall need American steamships
to carry American goods to these ports. [Great cheering.] The last
Congress passed a bill appropriating about $1,500,000, and authorized
the Postmaster-General to contract with steamship companies for a
period not exceeding ten years for the carrying of the United States
mail. The foreign mail service is the only mail service out of which
the Government has been making a net profit. We do not make a profit
out of our land service.

There is an annual deficiency which my good friend the
Postmaster-General has been trying very hard to reduce or wipe out.
The theory of our mail service is that it is for the people, that we
are not to make a profit out of it, that we are to give them as cheap
postage as is possible. We are, many of us, looking forward to a time
when we shall have one-cent postage in this country. [Cheers.] We have
been so close and penurious in dealing with our ships in the carrying
of foreign mails that we have actually made revenues out of that
business, not having spent for it what we have received from it. Now
we propose to change that policy and to make more liberal contracts
with American lines carrying American mail. [Cheers.]

Some one may say we ought not to go into this business, that it is
subsidy. But, my friend, every other great nation of the world has
been doing it and is doing it to-day. Great Britain and France have
built up their great steamship lines by Government aid, and it seems
to me our attitude with reference to that is aptly portrayed by an
illustration I mentioned the other day. In olden times no wholesale
merchant sent out travelling men to solicit custom, but he stood
in his own store and waited for his customers. But presently some
enterprising merchant began to send out men with their samples to seek
the trade, to save the country buyer the cost of the trip to New York
or Philadelphia, until finally that practice has become universal, and
these active, intelligent travelling men are scurrying this country
over, pushing and soliciting in their several lines of business. Now
imagine some conservative merchant in New York saying to himself: "All
this is wrong; the trade ought to come to me." If he should refuse to
adopt these modern methods what would be the result? He must adopt
the new methods or go out of business. We have been refusing to adopt
the universal method of our competitors in commerce to stimulate
their shipping interest and have gone out of the business. [Laughter
and cheers.] Encouraged by what your spokesman has said to-night,
I venture to declare that I am in favor of going into business
again, and when it is re-established I hope Galveston will be in the
partnership. [Great cheers.]

It has been the careful study of the Postmaster-General in preparing
to execute the law to which I have referred to see how much increase
in routes and ships we could secure by it. We have said to the few
existing American lines: You must not treat this appropriation as
a plate of soup, to be divided and consumed. You must give us new
lines, new ships, increased trips, and new ports of call. Already the
steamship lines are looking over the routes to see what they can do,
with a view of increasing their tonnage and establishing new lines.

The Postmaster-General has invited the attention and suggestion
of all the boards of trade of all our seaboard cities. Undoubtedly
you have received such a letter. This appropriation is for one year;
what the future is to be must depend upon the deliberate judgment of
the people. If during my term of office they shall strike down a law
that I believe to be beneficial or destroy its energy by withholding
appropriations, I shall bow to their will, but I shall feel great
disappointment if we do not make an era for the revival of American
commerce. I do much want that the time shall come when our citizens
living in temporary exile in foreign ports shall now and then see
steaming into these distant ports a fine modern man-of-war, flying the
United States flag [cheers], with the best modern guns on her deck,
and a brave American crew in her forecastle. [Cheers.] I want, also,
that in these ports, so long unfamiliar with the American flag, there
shall again be found our steamships and our sailing vessels flying the
flag that we all love, and carrying from our shores the products that
these men of toil have brought to them to exchange for the products of
other climes.

I think we should add to all this, and happily it is likely to
be accomplished by individual efforts, the early completion of the
Nicaragua Canal. [Cheers.] The Pacific coast should no longer be found
by sea only by the passage of the Horn. The short route should be
opened, and it will be, and then with this wondrous stirring among the
people of all our States, this awakening to new business plans and
more careful and economical work, there will come great prosperity to
all our people. Texas will spin more of the cotton that she raises.

The great States of the South will be in discontent with the old
condition that made them simply agricultural States, and will rouse
themselves to compete with the older manufacturing States of the North
and East. [Cheers.] The vision I have, all the thoughts I have of this
matter embrace all the States and all my countrymen. I do not think of
it as a question of party; I think of it as a great American question.
[Cheers.] By the invitation of the address which was made to me I have
freely spoken my mind to you on these topics. I hope I have done so
with no offence or impropriety. [Cries of "No, no!" and cheers.]

I would not on an occasion so full of general good feeling as this
obtrude anything that should induce division or dissent. For all
who do dissent I have the most respectful tolerance. The views I
hold are the result of some thought and investigation, and as they
are questions of public concern I confidently submit them to the
arbitrament of brave and enlightened American suffrage. [Applause and
cheers.]

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, APRIL 20.

The President and his party passed their first Sunday at Galveston, leaving the Island City at midnight and arriving at San Antonio at 11:15 Monday morning. A special committee, consisting of Hon. C. W. Ogden, Chairman; Col. C. M. Terrell, S. M. Johnson, J. S. McNamara, Mrs. Ogden, Mrs. Johnson, and Miss Eleanor Sullivan, escorted the party from Galveston. The _Alamo City_ was profusely decorated in honor of the visit, and a great throng greeted the President's arrival. He was received by the Hon. Bryan Callaghan, Mayor of the city, at the head of the following committee of leading citizens: Gen. David S. Stanley, U. S. A.; Col. J. P. Martin, Col. W. B. Wright, Col. H. B. Andrews, Maj. C. C. Cresson, Hon. W. W. King, L. M. Gregory, B. F. Yoakum, C. W. Ogden, H. D. Kampmann, J. S. Alexander, W. J. B. Patterson, A. W. Houston, Reagan Houston, Richard Wooley, Jr., R. H. Russell, N. Mackey, George Dullnig, J. V. Dignowity, J. S. Thornton, F. Groos, H. P. Drought, D. Sullivan, Charles Hugo, Rev. Dr. Giddings, C. K. Breneman, W. H. Weiss, Frank Grice, Alex. Joske, Henry Elmendorf, Robert Driscoll, Paul Wagner, J. Ronse, J. E. Pancoast, Adolph Wagner, George H. Kalteyer, Charles J. Langholz, C. B. Mullaly, R. H. McCracken, A. G. Cooper, Dr. G. Graham Watts, Dr. J. P. Ornealus, Dr. Amos Graves, and A. T. Wilson. Mayor McDonald, of Austin, and Hon. L. L. Foster also participated in the reception.

A rainstorm interfered with the parade, and the public reception was held at the Opera House, thousands being unable to enter. Mayor Callaghan made the welcoming address and introduced President Harrison, who spoke as follows:

_Mr. Mayor and Fellow-citizens_--I very much regret that frequent
speaking in the open air during the past week and the very heavy
atmosphere which we have this morning have somewhat impaired my
voice. I am sure you will crown your hospitality and kindness by
allowing me to speak to you very briefly. I sympathize with you in the
distress which you feel that the day is so unpropitious for any street
demonstration, but I have been told by one wise in such matters that
this rain is worth $5,000,000 to Western Texas. That being the case,
it greatly moderates our regret. It has come to be a popular habit
of attributing to the President whatever weather may happen on any
demonstration in which he takes a part. I suppose I may claim credit
this morning for this beneficial rain. [Applause.] I generously assure
you that if it is worth as much money as my friend has estimated I
shall not take more than half that sum. [Laughter.] In visiting for
a little while this historic city, I had anticipated great pleasure
in looking upon the remains of an earlier occupancy of this territory
in which you now dwell. Our glance this morning must be brief and
imperfect, but the history has been written and the traditions of
these martyrdoms which occurred here for liberty are fresh in your
minds and are still an inspiring story to be repeated to your children.

I remember in my early boyhood to have heard in our family thrilling
descriptions of the experiences of an uncle, whose name I bear, in
some of those campaigns for freedom in Texas in which he took a part,
so that the story to me goes back to those dim early recollections of
childhood. I am glad to stand where those recollections are revived
and freshened, for they were events of momentous importance to this
country, to this State, and to the whole Union. I rejoice that you
have here so great a commonwealth. The stipulations under which Texas
came into the Union of the States, and which provided that that great
Territory might be subdivided into five States, seem not to attract
much attention in Texas now.

Indeed, as far as I can judge, no man would be able successfully to
appeal to the suffrages of any hamlet in Texas upon the issue that
the State should be divided at all. [Cheers.] The great industrial
capacities which you have, the beneficent climate that spreads over
much of your vast territory, the great variety of productions which
your soil and climate render possible, give a promise for the future
of a prominence among the great States of the Union that seems to me
can scarcely fail to bring Texas to the front rank. [Cheers.] You are
only now beginning to plough this vast stretch of land. You are only
now beginning to diversify those interests, to emancipate yourselves
by producing at home in your fields all of those products which are
necessary to comfortable existence.

I hope you will soon add, indeed, you are now largely adding, to
this diversity of agricultural pursuits a diversity of mechanical
pursuits. The advantages which you have to transmute the great
production of the field into the manufactured product are very great.
There can be certainly no reason why a very large part of the million
bales of cotton which you produce should not be spun in Texas.
[Cheers.] I hope your people will more and more turn their thoughts to
this matter, for just in proportion as a community or State suitably
divides its energies among various industries, so does it retain the
wealth it produces and increase its population. [Applause.]

A great Englishman, visiting this country some time ago, in speaking
of the impressions which were made upon his mind, said he was
constantly asked as he travelled through the country whether he was
not amazed at its territorial extent. He said while this, of course,
was a notable incident of travel, he wondered that we did not forget
all our bigness of territory in a contemplation of the great spectacle
we presented as a free people in organized and peaceful community. He
regarded this side of our country and her institutions as much more
important than its material development or its territorial extent, and
he was right in that judgment.

My fellow-citizens, the pride of America, that which should attract
the admiration and has attracted the imagination of many people upon
the face of the earth, is our system of government. [Applause.] I am
glad to know, and to have expressed my satisfaction before, that here
in this State of Texas you are giving attention to education; that
you have been able to erect a school fund, the interest upon which
promises a most magnificent endowment for your common schools. These
schools are the pride and safety of your State. They gather into them
upon a common level with us, and I hope with you, the children of the
rich and poor. In the State in which I dwell everybody's children
attend the common schools.

This lesson of equality, the perfect system which has been developed
by this method of instruction, is training a valued class of citizens
to take up the responsibilities of government when we shall lay them
down. [Applause.] I hope every one of your communities, even your
scattered rural communities, will pursue this good work. I am sure
this hope is shared by my honored host, Governor Hogg, who sits beside
me [applause], and who, in the discharge of his public duties, can
influence the progress of this great measure. No material greatness,
no wealth, no accumulation of splendor, is to be compared with those
humble and homely virtues which have generally characterized our
American homes.

The safety of the State, the good order of the community--all
that is good--the capacity, indeed, to produce material wealth, is
dependent upon intelligence and social order. [Applause.] Wealth and
commerce are timid creatures; they must be assured that the nest will
be safe before they build. So it is always in those communities where
the most perfect order is maintained, where intelligence is protected,
where the Church of God and the institutions of religion are revered
and respected, that we find the largest development in material
wealth. [Applause.]

Thanking you for your cordial greeting, thanking all your people,
and especially the Governor of your State, for courtesies which have
been unfailing, for a cordiality and friendliness that has not found
any stint or repression in the fact that we are of different political
opinions [great cheering], I beg to thank you for this special
manifestation of respect, and to ask you to excuse me from further
speech. I shall follow such arrangements as your committee have made,
and shall be glad if in those arrangements there is some provision by
which I may meet as many of you as possible individually. [Prolonged
cheering.]

DEL RIO, TEXAS, APRIL 21.

The chief incident of the long run from San Antonio to El Paso was the enthusiastic reception tendered the President by the residents of the thriving frontier town of Del Rio, county seat of Val Verde County. The town was handsomely decorated, and the following Reception Committee welcomed the President and party: Judge W. K. Jones, C. S. Brodbent, Zeno Fielder, J. A. Price, H. D. Bonnett, E. L. Dignowity, Paul Flato, Clyde Woods, Thomas Cunningham, W. C. Easterling, J. C. Clarkson, E. G. Nicholson, C. G. Leighton, and R. J. Felder.

Rev. Dr. H. S. Thrall, the veteran historian of Texas, delivered the address of welcome. The President, responding, said:

_My Friends_--I had supposed when we left San Antonio that we were
not to be stopped very often between that point and El Paso with such
assemblages of our fellow-citizens. We had settled down to an easy
way of living on the train, and I had supposed that speech-making
would not be taken up until to-morrow. I thank you most cordially
for this friendly evidence of your interest, and I assure you that
all of these matters to which your spokesman has alluded are having
the most careful consideration of the authorities at Washington.
The Secretary of Agriculture, who is with me on the train, has been
diligent in an effort to open European markets for American meats,
and he has succeeded so far that our exportation has very largely
increased in the last year. It is our hope that these restrictions
may still further be removed, and that American meat products may
have a still larger market in Europe than they have had for very many
years past. The inspections now provided by law certainly must remove
every reasonable objection to the use of American meats; for we shall
demonstrate to them that they are perfectly wholesome and pure. I want
to say, from the time of my induction into office until this hour I
have had before me constantly the need of the American farmer of a
larger market for his products. [Cries of "Good! good!" and cheers.]
Whatever we can do to accomplish that will be done. I want to thank
the public-school children for this address which they have placed in
my hands. What a blessed thing it is that the public school system is
found with the pioneer! It follows the buffalo very closely. I am
glad to find that your children are being trained in intelligence and
in those moral restraints which shall make them good citizens. I thank
you for your kindly presence.

EL PASO, TEXAS, APRIL 21.

The enterprising city of El Paso was reached at 10 o'clock Tuesday morning, and the President was tendered a veritable ovation. The reception at this point partook of an international aspect. President Diaz of Mexico was represented in the person of Governor Carrillo, Chief Executive of the State of Chihuahua, accompanied by a brilliant staff of 20 officers. The War Department of the Mexican Government was represented by Gen. José Maria Ranjel, Chief of the Second Military Zone, accompanied by his staff, a company of artillery, and the Eleventh Battalion Band of 45 instruments. From the City of Mexico came Col. Ricardo Villanueva and Col. Ygnacio J. Monroy, representing the Federal Government, while the neighboring city of Juarez was represented by Colonel Ross, commander of the garrison, Señor Mejia, Señor Urtetiga, and many other prominent citizens. The city of El Paso was represented by Mayor Richard Caples and the members of the City Council. The Citizens' Committee of Reception comprised W. S. Hills, Chairman; E. B. Bronson, M. B. Davis, S. W. Russell, W. F. Payne, Frank P. Clark, C. F. Slack, Geo. L. Stewart, H. S. Beattie, Judge Allen Blacker, A. Solomon, W. B. Merrick, A. Berla, Louis Papin, Geo. E. Bovee, James A. Smith, Hon. S. W. T. Lanham, A. J. Eaton, Z. T. White, W. S. McCutcheon, A. M. Loomis, H. C. Myles, Ben Schuster, A. J. Sampson, D. W. Reckhart, and J. F. Satterthwaite.

Governor Carrillo stood beside President Harrison during the reception. After the distinguished Mexicans had paid their respects and greeted our Chief Magistrate, Gen. A. G. Malloy, on behalf of the citizens of El Paso, in an eloquent address welcomed him to the Gate City of the two republics.

President Harrison responded as follows:

_My Fellow-citizens_--I have been journeying for several days
throughout the great State of Texas. We are now about to leave her
territory and receive from you this parting salutation. Our entrance
into the State was with every demonstration of respect and enthusiasm.
This is a fitting close to the magnificent expression which the
people of this State have given to us. I am glad to stand at this
gateway of trade with the great republic of Mexico. [Cries of "Hear!
hear!" and cheers.] I am glad to know that it is not only a gateway
of commerce, but a gateway of friendship [cheers]; that not only do
these hurrying vehicles of commerce bear the products of the fields
and mines in mutual exchange, but that they have facilitated those
personal relations which have promoted and must yet more promote the
friendliness of two independent liberty-loving peoples. [Cheers.]

I receive with great satisfaction these tributes of respect
which have been brought to me by the Governor of Chihuahua and the
representatives of the army of Mexico. [Cheers.] I desire to return to
them and through them to the people of Mexico and to that illustrious
and progressive statesman who presides over her destinies [cheers] not
only my sincere personal regard, but an assurance of the friendliness
and respect of the American Government and the American people. I look
forward with interest to a larger development of our trade; to the
opening of new lines of commerce and new avenues of friendship. We
have passed that era in our history, I hope, when we were aggressive
and unpleasant neighbors. We do not covet the territory of any other
people [cheers], but do covet their friendship and those trade
exchanges which are mutually profitable. [Cheers.]

And now to you, my fellow-citizens, I bring congratulations for
the rapid development which you are making here, and extend the most
cordial good wishes for the realization of every hope you have for
El Paso and its neighborhood. [Cheers.] All republics are builded
on the respect and confidence of the people. They are enduring and
stable as their institutions and their rulers continue to preserve
their respect. I rejoice that those influences that tend to soften the
asperities of human life--the home, the school, and the church--have
kept pace with the enterprises of commerce and are established here
among you. All commerce and trade rest upon the foundation of social
order. You cannot attract an increased citizenship except as you give
to the world a reputation for social order [cheers], in which crime is
suppressed, in which the rights of the humble are respected [cheers],
and where the courts stand as the safe bulwark of the personal and
public rights of every citizen, however poor. [Cheers.] I trust that
as your city grows you will see that these foundations are carefully
and broadly laid, and then you may hope that the superstructure,
magnificent in its dimensions, perfect in its security and grace,
shall rise in your midst. [Cheers.]

I am glad to meet my comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic
[cheers], the survivors of the grand struggle for the Union. It was
one of the few wars in history that brought blessings to the "victors
and vanquished," and was followed by no proscriptions, no block, no
executions, but by the reception of those who had striven for the
destruction of the country into friendly citizenship, laying upon them
no yoke that was not borne by the veterans--that of obedience to the
law and a due respect for the rights of others. [Cheers.]

Again, sir [to the Mexican representative], I thank you for the
friendly greeting you have brought from across this narrow river that
separates us, and to you my fellow-countrymen, I extend my thanks and
bid you good-by. [Prolonged cheers.]

DEMING, NEW MEXICO, APRIL 21.

As the train crossed the Rio Grande and entered New Mexico Hon. L. Bradford Prince, Governor of that Territory, gave the Chief Magistrate a cordial welcome. Deming was reached at 2 o'clock. The city was in holiday attire; a battery of artillery thundered the presidential salute, two companies of the Tenth Cavalry, under Captain Keyes, came to a present as the President appeared, and the Twenty-fourth Infantry Band burst forth in patriotic strains. The Committee of Reception comprised the following prominent citizens: Judge Boone, C. H. Dane, B. A. Knowles, J. R. Meyers, A. J. Clark, J. P. Bryon, W. H. Hudson, S. M. Ashenfelter, Gustav Wormser, Ed. Pennington, W. Burg, James Martin, Colonel Fitzerell, James A. Lockhart, Seaman Field, John Corbett, E. G. Ross, and Robert Campbell. Professor Hayes delivered the welcoming address.

In reply President Harrison said:

_My Fellow-citizens_--It gives me great pleasure to tarry for a
moment here and to receive out on these broad and sandy plains the
same evidence of friendliness that has greeted me in the States. I
feel great interest in your people, and thinking that you have labored
under a disadvantage by reason of the unsettled state of your land
titles--because no country can settle up and become populous while the
titles to its land remain insecure--it was my pleasure to urge upon
Congress, both in a general and special message, the establishment of
a special land court to settle this question once for all. [Cheers.]

I am glad that the statute is now a law, and immediately upon my
return from this trip I expect to announce the judges of that court,
and to set them immediately to work upon these cases, so that you
shall certainly, within two years, have all these questions settled.
I hope you will then see an increase of population that has not as
yet been possible, and which will tend to develop your great mineral
resources and open up your lands to settlement. Thanking you, on
behalf of our party, for this pleasant greeting, I bid you good-by.
[Cheers.]

LORDSBURG, NEW MEXICO, APRIL 21.

At Lordsburg, New Mexico, the train made a brief stop. A number of citizens, headed by Don. H. Kedzee, welcomed the President and presented him a handsome silver box, manufactured from metal mined in the vicinity. On the case was inscribed, "Protect the chief industry of our Territories. Give us free coinage of silver." In accepting the memento the President said: "Mr. Kedzee and gentlemen, I thank you for this cordial welcome and for this elegant souvenir, and assure you due care will be taken of your interests." [Cheers.]

TUCSON, ARIZONA, APRIL 21.

Tucson, the metropolis of Arizona, was brilliantly illuminated in honor of the visitors, who were welcomed by 5,000 citizens and a band of Papago Indians. Negley Post, G. A. R., J. J. Hill, Commander, represented the veterans. The city government was present in the persons of Mayor Frederick Maish and Councilmen M. G. Sameniego, M. Lamont, Geo. Lesure, Wm. Reid, Frank Miltenberg, and Julius Goldbaum. The Committee of Reception on the part of the citizens comprised many of the most distinguished men of the Territory as well as of the city, among whom were: Federal Judges R. E. Sloan and H. C. Gooding, Gen. R. A. Johnson, Gen. R. H. Paul, Charles R. Drake, Herbert Brown, Brewster Cameron, J. Knox Corbett, George Christ, J. S. McGee, S. Ainsa, Samuel Hughes, Juan Elias, Rev. Howard Billman, Albert Steinfeld, H. S. Stevens, M. P. Freeman, S. M. Franklin, W. C. Davis, W. M. Lovell, J. S. Noble, H. B. Tenny, F. H. Hereford, D. C. Driscoll, J. C. Handy, J. A. Black, Thomas Hughes, A. J. Keen, J. M. Ormsby, H. E. Lacy, G. B. Henry, Frank Allison, George Pusch, H. W. Fenner, R. D. Furguson, F. J. Henry, and C. C. Eyster.

Hon. Thos. F. Wilson made the address of welcome. The President said:

_My Fellow-citizens_--It is surprising as well as gratifying to
see so many friends assembled to greet us on our arrival at Tucson
to-night. I beg to assure you that the interests of the Territories
are very close to my heart. By reason of my service as Chairman of the
Territory Committee in the United States Senate I was brought to study
very closely the needs of the Territories. I have had great pleasure
issuing the proclamations admitting five Territories to the sisterhood
of States since I became President. I realize the condition of the
people of the Territory without having representation in Congress as
one of disadvantage, and I am friendly to the suggestion that these
Territories, as they have sufficient population to sustain a State
Government and to secure suitable administration of the own affairs,
shall be received into the Union. [Cheers.] It will be gratifying to
me if you shall come into that condition during the time that I occupy
the presidential chair. [Cheers.] I thank you again for your cordial
demonstration, and beg to present to you that gentleman of the Cabinet
who has charge of the postal affairs, Mr. Wanamaker. [Prolonged
cheers.]

INDIO, CALIFORNIA, APRIL 22.

The morning of the 22d brought the President and his party out of the great desert to the borders of California, where at Indio, the first station, they were enthusiastically greeted by the Governor of the State, Hon. Henry H. Markham, at the head of the following distinguished committee: Senator Charles N. Felton, ex-Gov. Geo. C. Perkins, Col. Charles F. Crocker, Hon. R. F. Del Valle, Hon. Stephen M. White, Gen. E. P. Johnson, Hon. Hervey Lindley, Hon. Freeman G. Teed, Hon. Irwin C. Stump, Hon. Frank McCoppin, and Adjutant-General Allen. From the districts adjacent to Indio were gathered several hundred people to greet the Chief Magistrate, mostly Indians. Postmaster A. G. Tingman introduced the venerable Chief Cabazon, head of the Cohuilla tribe and over 100 years old, who presented a petition to the President asking that the lands guaranteed his people by the treaty with Mexico be restored to them. Governor Markham delivered a cordial welcoming address, wherein he reviewed the wonderful growth of California.

The President, in reply, said he would not undertake, while almost choked with the dust of the plains he had just left, to say all that he hoped to say in the way of pleasant greetings to the citizens of California. Some time, when he had been refreshed by their olive oil and their vineyards, he would endeavor to express his gratification at being able to visit California. He had long desired to visit California, and it was the objective point of this trip. He had seen the northern coast and Puget Sound, but had never before been able to see California. He remembered from boyhood the excitement of the discovery of gold, and had always distantly followed California's growth and progress. The acquisition of California was second only to that of Louisiana and the control of the Mississippi River. It secured us this great coast, and made impossible the ownership of a foreign power on any of our coast line. It has helped to perfect our magnificent isolation, which is our great protection against foreign aggression. He thanked the Governor and committee for their kindly reception, and assured them that if he should have any complaints to make of his treatment in California it would be because its people had been too hospitable.

COLTON, CALIFORNIA, APRIL 22.

At Colton the presidential party were enthusiastically greeted by several thousand people. The Citizens' Committee comprised A. B. Miner, Chairman; Dr. Fox, J. B. Shepardson, Wilson Hays, W. H. Wright, F. M. Hubbard, Dr. Hutchinson, H. B. Smith, J. W. Davis, S. M. Goddard, J. B. Hanna, Captain Topp, W. W. Wilcox, M. A. Murphy, Prof. Mathews, R. A. Kuhn, C. B. Hamilton, J. M. White, Dr. Sprecher, Geo. E. Slaughter, R. F. Franklin, E. A. Pettijohn, E. E. Thompson, Dan Swartz, R. M. McKie, Wm. McCully and Proctor McCann. The committee appointed to wait on Mrs. Harrison were: Mesdames Hubbard, Button, Shepardson, Fuller, Gilbert, Shibley, Hebbard, and Wright. Twelve school-girls presented as many baskets of oranges to the lady of the White House.

The President addressed the assemblage and said:

_My Fellow-citizens_--We have travelled now something more than
3,500 miles. They have been 3,500 miles of cordial greeting from my
fellow-citizens; they have been 3,500 miles of perpetual talk. It
would require a brain more fertile in resources, more diversified
in its operations than the State of California in its richness and
productions, to say something original or interesting at each one of
these stopping places; but I can say always with a warm heart to my
fellow-citizens who greet me so cordially, who look to me out of such
kindly faces, I thank you; I am your servant in all things that will
conduce to the general prosperity and happiness of the American people.

Remote from us of the far East in distance, we are united to you
not only by the ties of a common citizenship, by the reverence and
honor we joyfully give to the one flag, but by those interchanges
of emigration which have brought so many of the people of the older
States to you. At every station where I have stopped since entering
California some Hoosier has reached up his hand to greet me [laughter
and cheers], and the omnipresent Ohio man, of course, I have found
everywhere. I was assured by these gentlemen that they were making
their full contributions to the development of your country, and that
they have possessed themselves of their fair share of it.

I have been greatly pleased this morning to come out of the land of
the desert and the drifting sand into this land of homes and smiling
women and bright children. I have been glad to see these beautiful
gardens and these fertile fields, and to know that you are now, by
the economical collection and distribution of the waters of the
hills, making all these valleys to blossom like the garden of Eden.
We do not come to spy the land with any view of dispossessing you, as
the original spies went into Palestine. We come simply to exchange
friendly greetings, and we shall hope to carry away nothing that does
not belong to us. [Cheers.]

If we shall leave your happy and prosperous State freighted with
your good-will and love, as we shall leave ours with you, it will be a
happy exchange. [Cheers.]

ONTARIO, CALIFORNIA, APRIL 22.

At Ontario the President received a most patriotic greeting; throngs of school children brought him flowers. The Reception Committee was G. T. Stamm, I. S. Miller, E. P. Clarke, S. G. Blood, R. E. Blackburn, G. W. A. Luckey, Dr. O. S. Ensign, Dr. R. H. Tremper, and O. S. Picher.

H. Z. Osborne, of the Los Angeles committee, introduced the President, who spoke as follows:

_My Friends_--I thank you for this cordial greeting. I am sure you
will excuse me from extended remarks. I have been subjected to such
a strain in that direction that my brain needs irrigation to make it
blossom with new thoughts. It to me is a pleasure to look into the
intelligent faces of American citizens. No such people gather in any
other country as meet me at every station. They come from good homes,
which are the safety of our commonwealth. I am pleased to see these
children here. Good schools have everywhere followed the pioneer. You
have brought to this new country the old New England ideas of thrift,
of living on a little and having a good deal left over. [Cheers.]

BANNING, CALIFORNIA, APRIL 22.

Banning, the gateway to Southern California, gave the presidential party an enthusiastic welcome and loaded them down with fruits and flowers. Mr. Louis Munson, editor of the Banning _Herald_, at the head of the Reception Committee, delivered the welcoming address. The next day at Arlington, where he had gone to again assist in receiving the President, Mr. Munson was suddenly taken with hemorrhage and died as the train passed. Other members of the committee were M. G. Kelley, W. S. Hathaway, C. H. Ingelow, W. H. Ingelow, Dr. J. C. King, F. J. Clancy, W. Morris, and M. L. Bridge. Two hundred Indian school children, in charge of Miss Morris and Father Hahn, were objects of interest to the party.

Replying to Mr. Munson's address, the President said that although the good people of Banning were far in point of distance from the seat of government, yet he was sure they were bound nearly and close to it by ties of loyalty and of patriotism. He expressed his pleasure at meeting the citizens of Banning and his appreciation of their cordial welcome.

POMONA, CALIFORNIA, APRIL 22.

At Pomona the President's car was profusely decorated with floral designs by the ladies of the town. The members of the Reception Committee were Senator J. E. McComas, Rev. Chas. F. Loop, W. E. Ward, W. M. Woody, A. H. Wilbur, F. P. Firey, C. I. Lorbeer, Capt. T. C. Thomas, Geo. Osgoodby, C. D. Ambrose, Con Howe, John E. Packard, and E. B. Smith. Vicksburg Post, G. A. R., H. H. Williams, Commander, was in attendance.

Responding to their cheers and calls the President said:

This cordial demonstration of respect, these friendly greetings,
make me your debtor. I beg to thank you for it all, and out of such
gatherings as these, out of the friendly manifestations you have
given me on my entrance to California, I hope to get new impulses to
a more faithful and diligent discharge of the public duties which
my fellow-citizens have devolved upon me. No man can feel himself
adequate to these responsible functions, but I am sure if you shall
judge your public servants to be conscientiously devoted to your
interests, to the bringing to the discharge of their public duties a
conscientious fidelity and the best intelligence with which they are
endowed, you will pardon any shortcoming. Again I thank you for your
friendliness and beg you to excuse me from further speech.

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, APRIL 22.

The famous city of Los Angeles was reached at 3 o'clock on the afternoon of the 22d. An ovation awaited the President and his party here the like of which they had not witnessed. They were met at Colton by a committee of escort consisting of Mayor Henry T. Hazard and Mrs. Hazard, Mr. and Mrs. E. F. Spence, H. W. Hellman, Gen. and Miss Mathews, W. C. Furrey and wife, Judge and Mrs. S. O. Houghton, A. W. Francisco and wife, Col. H. G. Otis and wife, J. A. Kelly and wife, H. Z. Osborne and wife, Capt. George J. Ainsworth, Mrs. Hervey Lindley, E. H. Lamme, and L. N. Breed. Fully 20,000 voices greeted the President's arrival at the station, where the members of the Citizens' Reception Committee, of which Mayor Hazard was Chairman, received him. This committee comprised the leading men of the city, among whom were Hon. R. F. Del Valle, Gen. John Mansfield, Gen. E. P. Johnson, Gen. A. McD. McCook, Gen. E. E. Hewitt, Maj. Geo. E. Gard, Hon. John R. Mathews, Maj. E. W. Jones, Col. H. C. Corbin, Maj. A. W. Barrett, Col. T. A. Lewis, Eugene Germain, C. F. A. Last, J. Frankenfeld, W. H. Workman, Joseph Mesmer, L. I. Garnsey, G. J. Griffith, John W. Green, J. F. Humphreys, H. L. Macneil, A. E. Pomeroy, Frank W. Sabichi, I. H. Polk, J. W. Haverstick, S. B. Hynes, R. S. Baker, Harris Newmark, J. C. Kays, Maj. J. R. Toberman, I. R. Dunkleberger, Maj. A. W. Elderkin, ex-Gov. Geo. Stoneman, K. H. Wade, A. E. Fletcher, Col. Joseph R. Smith, W. W. Howard, Maj. W. H. Toler, Capt. W. H. Seamans, George W. Bryant, Poindexter Dunn, Judge Lewis H. Groff, Hon. R. B. Carpenter, Maj. E. F. C. Klokke, Hon. S. M. White, W. H. Perry, S. C. Hubbell, S. H. Mott, I. N. Van Nuys, A. Haas, J. de Barth Shorb, Maj. George S. Patton, Maj. E. L. Stern, Dr. H. Nadeau, K. Cohn, O. W. Childs, Jr., L. Lichtenberger, A. H. Denker, Col. George H. Smith, A. Glassell, Herman Silver, Louis Mesmer, J. M. Elliott, S. B. Caswell, Dr. Eyraud, William R. Rowland, D, Amestoy, J. M. Glass, M. L. Wicks, J. A. Booty, Maj. A. F. Kimball, Capt. H. K. Bailey, Judge W. P. Wade, Judge Walter Van Dyke, Judge W. H. Clarke, Judge J. W. McKinley, Judge B. N. Smith, Judge Lucien Shaw, W. W. Robinson, A. Lowe, K. Loeb, Hancock Banning, Capt. Will Banning, T. W. Brotherton, W. J. Brodrick, M. S. Severance, J. Illich, Gen. D. Remick, R. Cohen, Fred Eaton, H. Siegel, V. Dol, M. Polaski, Dr. John S. Griffin, J. F. Humphreys, J. M. Davies, Washington Hadley, George C. Cook, Sanford Johnson, C. O. Collins, Col. F. A. Eastman, D. Desmond, C. Ducommun, James McLachlan, J. E. Plater, J. F. Towell, John S. Chapman, G. Wiley Wells, Judge Enoch Knight, J. W. Hendricks, George A. Vignolo, George R. Valiant, Philip Garnier, Judge W. P. Gardiner, T. J. Weldon, R. M. Widney, A. C. Shafer, Freeman G. Teed, Chas. H. White, John Keneally, Joseph Shoder, Judge J. D. Bicknell, Thomas A. Lewis, Dr. W. G. Cochran, Louis Phillips, Richard Gird, D. M. McGarry, J. T. Sheward, J. M. Hale, B. F. Coulter, Andrew Mullen, H. Jevne, W. S. Moore, L. L. Bradbury, H. J. Fleishman, Dr. J. P. Widney, George L. Arnold, L. A. Sheldon, Will D. Gould, R. R. Haines, John McRae, C. J. Ellis, J. K. Tufts, Dan McFarland, L. Harris, L. Ebinger, A. E. Pomeroy, ex-Gov. J. G. Downey, ex-Gov. Pico, T. E. Rowan, O. T. Johnson, Col. W. G. Schreiber, Dr. W. Lindley, O. H. Churchill, W. G. Kerckhoff, J. A. Muir, Silas Hoolman, Hon. J. F. Crank, I. B. Newton, James Castruccio, J. A. Kelly, L. E. Mosher, A. F. Coronel, J. C. Daly, Dr. W. L. Graves, H. W. O'Melveny, J. H. Shanklin, Charles Froman, Albert M. Stephens, A. W. Hutton, Rev. W. J. Chichester, H. T. Gage, Anson Brunson, Charles Silent, Dr. Joseph Kurtz, Judge T. K. Wilson, Rev. A. G. Meyer, Simon Maier, Jacob Kuhrts, Judge J. D. Bethune, Judge M. T. Allen, Albert McFarland, W. E. Hughes, Herman Silver, Williamson Dunn, R. J. Northam, Capt. F. N. Marion, Capt. A. M. Thornton, L. Roeder, H. T. Newell, E. A. Forrester, John W. Wolfskill, Joseph Wolfskill, H. J. Shoulter, Niles Pease, F. E. Brown, M. G. Jones, John J. Schallert, Walter Patrick, Charles F. Harper, F. W. King, J. M. Griffith, C. H. Hance, J. A. Henderson, Newell Mathews, John Wigmore, W. C. Howell, H. Baruch, L. W. Blum, Andrew W. Ryan, J. Schumacher, E. T. Wright, A. B. Whitney, H. C. Austin, A. E. Davis, M. Dodsworth, R. Rees, William Lacy, Jotham Bixby, J. W. Potts, L. A. Grant, T. H. Ward, George P. McLain, J. J. Warner, Henry Owens, F. M. Nickell, J. H. Dockweiler, Dan Innes, M. D. Johnson, Ed. D. Gibson, Charles Stern, H. D. Barrows, M. V. Biscailuz, H. Hiller, J. E. Yoakum, J. P. Moran, J. W. Hinton, George Hansen, Len J. Thompson, W. S. Maxwell, L. Polaski, Theo. Summerland, Joseph Mullaly, P. Beaudry, James Hanley, L. Bixby, William M. Friesner, C. Ganahl, Tom Strohm, B. T. Tolbert, Sherman Smith, John A. Hughes, H. V. Van Dusen, John Bernard, O. J. Muchmore, C. F. Heinzman, J. C. Quinn, William Pridham, L. C. Goodwin, C. H. Alford, E. H. Hutchinson, W. H. Rhodes, A. McNally, E. E. Crandall, J. W. Hendrick, H. W. Mills, John Goldsworthy, Thomas Pierson, Robert E. Wirshing, Cyrus Vena, S. W. Luitweiler, R. H. Slater, H. Bartning, A. H. Denker, E. B. Millar, A. L. Bath, T. S. C. Lowe, Frank H. Howard, Joseph Maier, J. Frank Burns, Conrad Jacoby, Charles A. Homer, Judge A. Brunson, Mark G. Jones, D. McFarland, J. J. Gosper, J. M. Frew, R. Dillon, Dr. K. D. Wise, T. D. Mott, J. C. Dotter, W. T. Lambie, Frank Gibson, John Bryson, C. H. Bradley, V. Ponet, M. C. Marsh, F. J. Capitan, William Ferguson, M. Meyberg, L. Jacoby, H. Mosgrove, A. Hamburger, Al Workman, W. T. Dalton, S. Hutton, Dr. J. H. Bryant, Fred Gilmore, J. H. Book, C. E. Day, C. B. Woodhead, Gen. E. Bouton, Robert Steere, F. N. Meyers, L. M. Wagner, and F. E. Lopez.

As the President passed through the crowded streets of the city, escorted by several hundred G. A. R. veterans, he encountered a veritable rain of flowers at the hands of several thousand school children. Arriving at the grand stand Mayor Hazard, for the Reception Committee, formally welcomed the President, who responded as follows:

_Mr. Mayor and Fellow-citizens_--My stay among you will not be long
enough to form an individual judgment of the quality of your people,
but it has been long enough already to get a large idea of the number
of them. [Cheers.] I beg of you to accept my sincere thanks for this
magnificent demonstration of your respect. I do not at all assume
that these huzzas and streamers and banners with which you have
greeted me to-day are a tribute to me individually. I receive them as
a most assuring demonstration of the love of the people of California
for American institutions. [Great and prolonged cheering.] And well
are these institutions worthy of all honor. The flag that you have
displayed here to-day, the one flag, the banner of the free and the
symbol of the indissoluble union of the States, is worthy of the
affections of our people. Men have died for it on the field of battle;
women have consecrated it with their tears and prayers as they placed
the standard in the hands of brave men on the morning of battle. It
is historically full of tender interest and pride. It has a glorious
story on the sea in those times when the American navy maintained our
prestige and successfully beat the navies of our great antagonist.
[Cheers.]